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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 


 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2003

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File No. 0-25681

 


 

LOGO

(exact name of registrant specified in its charter)

 


 

Florida   65-0423422

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

11811 U.S. Highway One, Suite 101

North Palm Beach, Florida 33408

(Address of principal executive offices) (zip code)

 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (561) 630-2400

 


 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

 


 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based on the average of the closing bid and ask quotations for the Common Stock on June 30, 2003 as reported by the Nasdaq SmallCap Market was approximately $80,873,000. As of February 27, 2004, the Registrant had outstanding 15,232,065 shares of Common Stock.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Parts I and III of this report.

 



Table of Contents

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

This Report and our other communications and statements may contain “forward-looking statements,” including statements about our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, estimates, projections and intentions. These statements are subject to significant risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, many of which are beyond our control. For information concerning these factors and related matters, see “Risk Factors” below and “Forward-Looking Statements” in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Overview

 

Bankrate, Inc. owns and operates an Internet-based consumer banking marketplace. Our flagship site, Bankrate.com, is the Internet’s leading aggregator of information on more than 250 financial products, including mortgages, credit cards, new and used automobile loans, money market accounts, certificates of deposit, checking and ATM fees and home equity loans. Additionally, we provide financial applications and information to a network of distribution partners and also through national and state publications.

 

Bankrate.com provides the tools and information that can help consumers make better financial decisions. We regularly survey more than 4,800 financial institutions in all 50 states in order to provide the most current objective, unbiased rates. Hundreds of print and online partner publications depend on Bankrate.com as the trusted source for financial rates and information.

 

Over two decades ago, we began as a print publisher of the newsletter Bank Rate Monitor. Our rate tables provide, at no cost to the consumer, a detailed list of lenders by market and include relevant details to help consumers compare loan products.

 

We continue to enhance our offerings in order to provide Bankrate.com users with the most complete experience. Features such as financial calculators and e-mail newsletters allow users to interact with our site. Our Rate Trend Index is a weekly poll of industry insiders designed to help consumers forecast interest rate trends.

 

We also broadened our offerings to include channels on investing, taxes, small business, financial advice and insurance. Each channel offers a unique look at its particular topic. Bankrate.com users can find advice and tips from the Tax channel, obtain business ideas from the Small Business channel and ask a financial expert a question in the Advice channel.

 

Prior to 1996, and dating back to 1976, our principal business was the publication of print newsletters, the syndication of unbiased editorial bank and credit product research to newspapers and magazines, and advertising sales of the Consumer Mortgage Guide. We currently syndicate editorial research to 101 newspapers that have combined single day circulation in excess of 28 million copies, and to two national magazines with combined monthly circulation in excess of 4.6 million copies. The Consumer Mortgage Guide is a weekly newspaper-advertising table consisting of product and rate information from local mortgage companies and financial institutions. The Consumer Mortgage Guide appears weekly in approximately 28 U.S. metropolitan newspapers with combined single day circulation in excess of 9 million copies, including our first TV Consumer Mortgage Guide with a reach of 2.8 million. Together, these Bankrate.com branded print activities have the potential of reaching 41.5 million readers according to Editor & Publisher International 2003 Year Book.

 

In 1996, we began our online operations by placing our editorially unbiased research on our Web site, Bankrate.com. By offering our information online, we created new revenue opportunities through the sale of graphical and hyperlink advertising associated with our rate and yield tables. In fiscal 1997, we implemented a strategy to concentrate on building these online operations.

 

We believe that the recognition of our research as a leading source of independent, objective information on banking and credit products is essential to our success. As a result, we have sought to maximize distribution of our research to gain brand recognition as a research authority. We are seeking to build greater brand awareness of our Web site and to reach a greater number of online users.

 

See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Results of Operations and Critical Accounting Policies, and Note 9 to the Financial Statements below for a discussion of our two reportable business segments: online publishing, and print publishing and licensing.

 

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Our Opportunity

 

Many financial services customers are relatively uninformed with respect to financial products and services and often rely upon personal relationships when choosing such products and services. Many of these products and services are not well explained, and viable, equivalent alternatives typically are not presented when marketed to consumers through traditional media. As the sale of many of these products and services moves to the Internet, where there is little personal contact, we believe that consumers will seek sources of independent objective information such as Bankrate.com to facilitate and support their buying decisions. The interactive nature of the Internet allows us to display extensive research on financial products and services that was previously unavailable to consumers.

 

We believe the majority of financial information available on the Web is oriented toward investment advice and providing business news and stock market information, rather than personal and consumer finance data. Our publications are targeted to fulfill the less competitive, but equally important niches of consumer banking and finance information. As a result, we believe we can maintain a loyal base of users comprised of targeted audiences that are attractive to advertisers.

 

Despite weakness in advertising spending on the Internet, we have seen steady interest in our primary niches – mortgages, automobile loans, home equity loans and CD/savings products. In addition, we believe our faith in the long-term benefits of the Internet is well founded. The ability of the Internet to provide a platform for frictionless communication between consumers and businesses has not changed. We believe Bankrate, Inc. is positioned to benefit from any growth in Internet usage and the return of the Internet advertising market.

 

Restructuring

 

We spent much of 2000 and 2001 refocusing the Company’s business efforts into our primary Web site, Bankrate.com, while actively controlling expenses and pursuing additional sources of revenue. In addition, we sold or curtailed development of under-performing Web sites and business units. The following steps were taken as a direct result of our strategic reorganization initiatives.

 

  We substantially reduced marketing expenditures beginning in January 2000.

 

  In May 2000, we sold CPNet.com, our online advertising network that provided content and advertising management to college newspaper Web sites.

 

  In June 2000, we reduced employment levels of continuing operations by 10% and began consolidating our physical locations.

 

  In June 2000, we shut down our Broadcast Operations that produced Cost of Life personal finance video segments distributed to television stations.

 

  In June 2000, we shut down ilife.com, our vertical personal finance portal, and incorporated IntelligentTaxes.com, our personal income tax information Web site, as a channel of Bankrate.com.

 

  In July 2000, we sold Pivot.com, our virtual insurance agency and fulfillment/call center.

 

  In August 2000, we shut down and sold certain assets of Consejero.com, our Spanish-language personal finance Web site, and Garzarelli.com, a subscription Web site for investment advisor Elaine Garzarelli.

 

  In December 2000, we shut down GreenMagazine.com, our alternative personal finance Web site, and the print publication Green Magazine.

 

  In 2001, we terminated unprofitable distribution and advertising agreements, formed a telemarketing group in our advertising sales staff to focus primarily on hyperlink sales, and focused our marketing efforts on non-cash intensive marketing programs such as sweepstakes, promotions and barter transactions.

 

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Strategy

 

We believe that the consumer banking sector holds significant opportunities for growth and expansion. As we grow, we are seeking to consolidate our position as the industry leader in the gathering of rate data and to expand our brand recognition with consumers and partners. Elements of our strategy include:

 

  Continuing to provide advertisers with high-quality, ready-to-transact consumers: By advertising on our site, either through purchasing graphic ads, hyperlinks, or sponsorships, banks, brokers and other advertisers are tapping into our strongest resource, consumers on the verge of engaging in a transaction. By allowing advertisers to efficiently access these “in-market” consumers, we are helping advertisers lower their own costs of acquiring new customers, and ultimately creating a transaction that is beneficial for the advertiser, the consumer and us.

 

  Remaining the dominant brand in consumer bank rate data and content: We are continuing our strong push to remain the dominant player in our market. We believe we are the number one competitor in our market on a number of levels, including revenue, the number of banks surveyed, the number of pages viewed by consumers and the number of unique visitors.

 

  Continued, low-risk growth through partnering with top Web sites: Our partner network provides Bankrate.com with a steady stream of visitors, with little to no advertising risk to the Company. As the bulk of these agreements are revenue- sharing, we only pay out a percentage of what we actually bring in.

 

  Zealously guarding our limited resources: Our greatest assets are our people, our partners and our brand. We carefully weigh every decision for the potential impact on these three resources.

 

Distribution Arrangements

 

Our distribution (or syndication) arrangements with other Web site operators fall into two categories: (1) co-branding, in which we establish a “co-branded” site with another Web site operator, (2) licensing, in which we provide content to the other operator’s Web site together with a hyperlink to our own site. We have found co-branding to be more effective in driving traffic to our site.

 

Co-branded sites are created pursuant to agreements with other Web site operators. Generally, agreements relating to co-branded sites provide for us to host the co-branded Web pages, sell and serve the graphical advertising, and collect advertising revenues, which are shared with the third party Web site.

 

Under licensing arrangements, we provide content to other Web sites in exchange for a fee. The content identifies Bankrate.com as its source and typically includes a hyperlink to the Bankrate.com Web site.

 

Our largest partners in terms of driving traffic to our site as of December 31, 2003 included America Online, USA Today, Dollar Stretcher, Netscape, and Yahoo! During 2003, approximately 21% of the traffic to Bankrate.com was attributable to the distribution partners compared to 32% in 2002. The decline results from the heightened consumer demand for mortgage products data during 2003 driving more traffic directly to Bankrate.com. We expect traffic from distribution partners to be between 25% and 30% of total site traffic in 2004.

 

Financial Product Research

 

Our research staff is made up of 39 employees who track comparative information on more than 250 financial products and services, including checking accounts, consumer loans, lines of credit, mortgages, certificates of deposit, savings accounts, credit cards, money market accounts and online accounts. We cover both personal and small business accounts offered through branch offices and on the Internet by banks, thrifts, credit unions, credit card issuers, mortgage bankers and mortgage brokers. We estimate that over 3,000,000 items of data are gathered each week for more than 300 markets across the United States from over 4,800 financial institutions. The information obtained includes not only interest rates and yields, but also related data such as lock periods, fees, points, and loan sizes for mortgages and grace periods, late penalties, cash advance fees, cash advance annual percentage rates, annual percentage yields, minimum payments, and terms and conditions of credit cards.

 

We adhere to a strict methodology in developing our markets and our institutional survey group. The market survey includes the 100 largest U.S. markets, as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau’s Metropolitan Statistical Area categories, along with the largest market in each state that does not include one of the largest 100 markets and other selected communities that represent areas of growth. We provide a comparative analysis of data by market and state as well as on a national basis.

 

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Institutions in the survey group include the largest banks and thrifts within each market area based on total deposits. The number of institutions tracked within a given market is based on the types of financial products available and number of institutions in the market area. In each of the largest 25 markets, we track at least 10 institutions. In each of the smaller markets, we track three or more institutions. We verify and adjust, if necessary, the institutions included in the survey group on an annual basis using FDIC deposit data from year-end call reports. We do not include credit unions in the market survey group because product availability is based upon membership. However, we track the 50 largest U.S. credit unions as a separate survey group for comparison purposes.

 

All products included in our database have narrowly defined criteria so that information provided by institutions is comparable. Collected data undergoes four levels of quality control prior to being accepted for inclusion in the database. The first level is automatically performed by our editing software, which identifies unusual changes. The second level is visual proofing, which is performed by a researcher who gathers rates from institutions, reviews the surveys to determine whether there have been any changes in the data on a weekly basis, and verifies unusual changes or other questionable data by contacting the institution. The third level is a second visual check by a senior researcher. The fourth level is performed by a dedicated quality control staff consisting of senior researchers who verify that the information has been correctly updated and entered into our databank. Our quality control staff reviews each listing in relation to regional and national trends and for overall accuracy and consistency fees and related information prior to disclosure of the information to consumers. The staff also reviews the comparability of products, institutional accuracy and survey accuracy. In addition, the quality control team performs anonymous shopping on a weekly basis, whereby we place calls to institutions in order to validate the data in a consumer setting. Institutions providing invalid data are contacted by our quality control staff to ensure that future information will be accurate.

 

The criteria for product listings consist of specific attributes, such as loan size and term that are used to define each type of financial instrument in order to ensure uniformity in the products that are compared. With the exception of the “Internet Banking Deals” table, no special offers are listed on our site. Institutions listed in our Bankrate.com online tables that purchase hyperlinks to their own sites or purchase other advertising must comply with the same criteria for product listings that apply to other institutions or they will be removed.

 

All of our new research employees are provided with a four-week program of on-the-job training to ensure consistency of data-gathering and validation techniques. Follow-up refresher training is provided to our research employees on an ongoing basis to ensure that skill levels are maintained.

 

At the end of each weekly survey, data are archived as part of our 20-year old cumulative historical data file. This file provides a unique resource for our financial analysts and editorial team in developing trend graphs, charts and narrative analysis that is used by national and local media.

 

We are aware of the potential conflict of interest resulting from the sale of advertising to financial institutions while providing independent and objective research. However, we believe that no potential conflicts of interest have ever compromised our ability to provide independent and objective research, and we are committed to continue to provide such research in the future.

 

Editorial Content

 

In addition to our research department, as of December 31, 2003, we maintained an editorial staff of 18 editors, writers and researchers, and graphic designers who create original stories and content for our Web site. We also have relationships with more than 20 free-lance writers. Most of our editorial staff members are experienced journalists with newspaper or broadcast experience. For example, the reporters and editors of Bankrate.com have professional journalistic work experience ranging from three to 33 years, with an average of 12 years of experience. We believe the quality of our original content plays a critical role in attracting visitors to our Web site and to our co-branded partners’ Web sites.

 

Most of the content within our Web site is original and produced internally. There is a very limited amount of third-party content, acquired under advertising revenue-sharing agreements or licenses, which allows us to incorporate relevant information on our Web site that would otherwise require additional resources to produce. An example of this type of arrangement is the incorporation in Bankrate.com of currency conversion functionality from OANDA.com.

 

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Print Publications

 

We continue to produce traditional print publications to absorb part of the cost of producing research and original editorial content. Additionally, we believe that print publishing activities contribute to greater exposure and branding opportunities for our Internet Web site. Our print publications activities include the following:

 

  Consumer Mortgage Guide: We generate revenue through the sale of mortgage rate and product listings in 28 metropolitan newspapers across the United States with combined Sunday circulation of 9 million copies. We enter into agreements with the newspapers for blocks of print space, which is in turn sold to local mortgage lenders and we share the revenue with the newspapers on a percentage basis.

 

  Syndication of Editorial Content and Research: We syndicate editorial research to 101 newspapers, which have a combined Sunday circulation of more than 28 million copies, and two national magazines with combined monthly circulation in excess of 4.6 million copies.

 

  Newsletters: We publish three newsletters: 100 Highest Yields and Jumbo Flash Report, which target individual consumers, and Bank Rate Monitor, which targets an institutional audience. These newsletters provide bank deposit, loan and mortgage interest rate information with minimal editorial content.

 

Consumer Marketing

 

We have determined that our resources are best leveraged by emphasizing non-cash intensive marketing programs. This gives us the opportunity to reach consumers using multiple advertising vehicles with a minimal depletion of our marketing budget. We continued this successful strategy in 2003 by expanding our barter effort, purchasing a series of strategic, highly targeted online and print campaigns, and pay per performance campaigns on search engines. In addition, we have used sweepstakes and promotions efforts to drive site traffic and grow our e-mail newsletter subscriber base. All consumer marketing efforts are designed, implemented, and tracked by our employees.

 

Advertising Sales

 

Our advertising sales staff consisted of 22 salespeople and support staff as of December 31, 2003. It is divided into two groups: the Graphic Ad Team (“GAT”) and the Telemarketing Group (“Telemarketing”). The GAT focuses on selling graphic ads to national advertisers, while Telemarketing primarily sells hyperlinks to regional and local advertisers. Most of our salespersons are located in our North Palm Beach corporate headquarters. We also maintain two satellite offices in New York, New York and in Irvine, California. Each salesperson is responsible for a designated geographic region of the United States.

 

Our GAT salespeople present advertising solutions to potential advertisers using inventory created by our Web site as well as co-branded Web sites. We believe this combined network of sites enhances value for advertisers and direct marketers by (1) alleviating the need to purchase a series of advertising campaigns from numerous Web sites, (2) providing advertisers and direct marketers with advertising opportunities on a wide variety of Web pages containing business and personal finance content, and (3) providing targeted access to Internet users with desirable demographics. Advertisers and direct marketers can enhance the effectiveness of their campaigns by customizing advertising delivery on our networks within a particular content channel or across an entire network.

 

Advertising Alternatives

 

Our advertisers can target prospective customers using several different approaches:

 

  Targeting specific geographic and product areas; for example, mortgage shoppers in Atlanta, Georgia; or just one of these – all consumers interested in mortgages, or all consumers from Atlanta.

 

  Focusing on consumers in specific situations, such as those who are first-time home buyers, or those actively shopping for CDs.

 

  General rotation throughout our site.

 

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Our most common graphic advertisement sizes are banners, which are prominently displayed at the top or bottom of a page (486 x 60 pixels) and badges, which are smaller than banners (125 x 125 pixels). We offer banners and badges which can be targeted to specific areas of our site, or on a general rotation basis. Advertising rates may vary depending upon the quantity of advertisements purchased by an advertiser and the length of time an advertiser runs an advertisement on our site. Discounts are available based upon the volume of advertisements purchased.

 

We also sell posters, which are oversized advertisements that contain more information than traditional advertisements. We position posters on certain pages so that they dominate the page. Advertisers may also purchase sponsorship positions on the Bankrate.com home page and the main page for each product channel. In addition, we offer product special issues that are available for single sponsorships. Rates for product special issues are based on expected impression levels and additional content requirements.

 

Providing effective tools for managing advertising campaigns is essential to maintaining advertising relationships. We use a state-of-the-art program under license from a third party that allows our advertisers to monitor their spending on our Web sites in real-time for impressions received and click-through ratios generated. We also accept impression counts from other third party servers.

 

Hyperlinks

 

Financial institutions that are listed in our rate tables have the opportunity to hyperlink their listings. By clicking on the hyperlink, users are taken to the institution’s Web site. A substantial benefit to advertisers with the hyperlink rate listing is that the hyperlinks are in fixed placement on the rate pages and are shown every time a user accesses a page. In contrast, banner advertisements are rotated based on the number of impressions purchased. Hyperlinks are sold under contracts that range primarily between three and twelve months. The number of hyperlinked rate listings that can be added to a rate page is limited only by the number of institutions listed, while banner positions are limited by available space.

 

We also sell text links on our rate pages to advertisers on a cost-per-click (“CPC”) basis. Advertisers enter an auction bidding process on a third party Web site for placement of their text link based on the amount they are willing to pay for each click through to their Web site. We recognize revenue monthly for each text link based on the number of clicks at the CPC contracted for during the auction bidding process.

 

E-Mail Sponsorships

 

We publish more than a dozen e-mail newsletters ranging from specific topics such as CDs, credit cards, and mortgages, to broader topics such as frugal living, monthly checkups and weekly news to “alert” newsletters (e-mails alerting subscribers every time a rate changes in mortgages or CDs, or when stories are published on a particular topic). These newsletters offer another marketing and sales outlet for us. With over 1.2 million e-mail subscriptions, we believe our e-mail newsletters represent attractive advertising space for our customers. Advertisers can sponsor e-mails with both text and graphic ads.

 

Advertisers

 

We market to local advertisers targeting a specific audience in a city or state and also to national advertisers targeting the entire country. As of December 31, 2003, we had 69 graphic advertisers and 533 hyperlink advertisers, some of which are both graphic and hyperlink advertisers. Among our larger advertisers are GetSmart (recently acquired by Lending Tree, Inc.)/Providian Financial Corporation, Mortgage Expo/Cyber Financial Network, iHomeowners, Inc., E-Loan, Inc., PeopleFirst Finance, LLC, Lending Tree, Inc., E*Trade Bank, A-1 at Homebound Mortgage, WeRLoans.com, ING Direct, Washington Mutual and Bank of America. We had one online customer, GetSmart/Providian Financial Corporation, who accounted for approximately 9%, 11% and 4%, respectively, of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001. Sales to no other customer exceeded 10% of total revenue for the periods presented. No revenues were generated outside of the United States.

 

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Competition

 

We compete for advertising revenues across the broad category of personal finance information, both in traditional media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, and television, and in the developing market for online financial information. There are many competitors that have substantially greater resources than we do. Our online competition includes the following:

 

  Personal finance sections of general interest sites such as MSN Money and Excite;

 

  Personal finance destination sites such as Forbes.com, The Motley Fool, SmartMoney.com, Kiplinger.com and CNNMoney.com;

 

  E-commerce sites that provide banking and credit products and information such as E-LOAN and LendingTree;

 

  Rate listing sites, such as MonsterMoving; and

 

  Key word search engine sites such as Ask Jeeves and FindWhat.

 

Competition in the online segment is generally directed at growing users and revenue using marketing and promotion to increase traffic to Web sites. We believe that our original content, focus and objective product information differentiate us from our competitors.

 

Operations

 

We currently host our Web site on proprietary servers at a secure third party co-location facility in Atlanta, Georgia. This facility is manned, and our equipment is monitored continuously, 24 hours daily. The facility is powered continuously with multiple sources, including uninterruptible power supplies and internal power generators. The facility is connected to the Internet with redundant high-speed digital data lines that are diversely routed. Our Web site pages are served from an independent content distribution network for performance and redundancy. Much of the information presented on our Web site is stored on a dual-node database server cluster also housed in the co-location facility. Our systems are protected by a multi-layered security system including dual high-speed inspection state firewalls.

 

All of our systems are controlled remotely via an encrypted virtual private network (“VPN”) from our network operations center (“NOC”) in our principal office in North Palm Beach, Florida. Content on our Web site is created and initially stored on systems located at the NOC, then transferred at scheduled intervals during the day via the VPN to the systems at the Georgia co-location facility. The North Palm Beach facility systems are also powered redundantly by uninterruptible power supply units and an LP gas-powered electric generator.

 

Proprietary Rights

 

Our proprietary intellectual property consists of our unique research and editorial content. We rely primarily on a combination of copyrights, trademarks, trade secret laws, our user policy and restrictions on disclosure to protect this content. In addition, we license some of our data and content from other parties. Our copyrights, trademarks and licenses expire at various dates, and none is individually significant.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2003, we had 122 full-time employees, of which 18 were in Web site and content operations, 30 in sales, business development and marketing, 39 in content and data research, 6 in advertising revenue operations, 16 in product development and information technology, 7 in finance and accounting, and 6 in administration. We have never had a work stoppage and none of our employees are represented under collective bargaining agreements. We consider our employee relations to be favorable.

 

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Risk Factors

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

Our Success Depends on Internet Advertising Revenue

 

We expect to derive approximately 85% of our revenue in the foreseeable future through the sale of advertising space and hyperlinks on our Internet Web pages. Any factors that limit the amount advertisers are willing to spend on advertising on our Web site could have a material adverse effect on our business. These factors may include:

 

  a lack of standards for measuring Web site traffic or effectiveness of Web site advertising;

 

  a lack of established pricing models for Internet advertising;

 

  the failure of traditional media advertisers to adopt Internet advertising;

 

  the introduction of alternative advertising sources; and

 

  a lack of significant growth in Web site traffic.

 

Continuing to demonstrate the effectiveness of advertising on our Web site is critical to our ability to generate advertising revenue. Currently, there are no widely accepted standards to measure the effectiveness of Internet advertising, and we cannot be certain that such standards will develop sufficiently to support our growth through Internet advertising.

 

A number of different pricing models are used to sell advertising on the Internet. Pricing models are typically either CPM-based or performance-based. We predominantly utilize the CPM-based model, which is based upon the number of advertisement impressions. The performance-based, or per click, model generates payments on each individual click even though it may take multiple advertisement impressions to generate one click-through. We cannot predict which pricing model, if any, will emerge as the industry standard. Therefore, it is difficult for us to project our future advertising rates and revenues. For instance, banner advertising, which is one of our primary sources of online revenue, may not be an effective advertising method in the future. If we are unable to adapt to new forms of Internet advertising and pricing models, our business could be adversely affected.

 

Financial services companies account for a majority of our advertising revenues. We will need to sell advertising to customers outside of the financial services industry in order to significantly increase our revenues. To date, relatively few advertisers from industries other than the technology and financial services industries have devoted a significant portion of their advertising budgets to Internet advertising. If we do not attract advertisers from other industries, revenue growth could be adversely affected.

 

We Have a History of Losses

 

We have incurred net losses in six of our last eight fiscal years, resulting in an accumulated deficit of approximately $41 million as of December 31, 2003.

 

We have succeeded in managing our cash by actively controlling expenses and pursuing additional sources of revenue. For instance, since early 2000, we have substantially reduced marketing expenditures and sold or shut down under-performing, non-core business units. We sold CPNet.com and Professional Direct Insurance Agency, Inc. in May 2000 and July 2000, respectively, shut down and sold certain assets of Consejero.com in August 2000, and shut down Greenmagazine.com in December 2000. These transactions yielded approximately $4,392,000 in cash and reduced operating expenses. We have also reduced employment levels of continuing operations and consolidated our physical locations. In February 2002, we completed the early repayment of our $4,350,000 convertible subordinated note payable, including accrued interest, for $3,400,000. We have generated cash from operations for 11 consecutive quarters and have been profitable for 9 consecutive quarters through December 31, 2003. Based on these actions and our current plan, we believe our existing capital resources will be sufficient to satisfy our cash requirements through at least the next 12 months.

 

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We Use Barter Transactions, Which Do Not Generate Cash

 

We enter into barter transactions to promote our brand and generate traffic to our Web site without spending any of our cash resources. Barter transactions represent the exchange by the Company of advertising space on the Company’s Web site for reciprocal advertising space on other Web sites. Revenue from barter transactions is recognized as income when advertisements are delivered on the Company’s Web site. Barter expenses are recognized when the Company’s advertisements are run on the other companies’ Web sites, which typically are in the same period in which barter revenues are recognized. Barter transactions, however, do not generate cash. Limited cash flow may adversely affect our ability to expand our operations and satisfy liabilities. Revenue from barter transactions represented approximately 9%, 11%, and 14% of total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. We expect barter revenue to represent approximately 10% of our total revenue in 2004.

 

Our Success Depends on Interest Rate Volatility

 

We provide interest rate information for mortgages and other loans, credit cards and savings accounts. Visitor traffic to Bankrate.com tends to increase with interest rate movements and decrease with interest rate stability. Factors that have caused significant visitor fluctuations in the past have been Federal Reserve Board actions and general market conditions affecting home mortgage interest rates. Additionally, the level of traffic to Bankrate.com can be dependent on interest rate levels as well as mortgage re-financing activity. Accordingly, a slowdown in mortgage production volumes could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

We believe that as we continue to develop our Web site with broader personal finance topics, the percentage of overall traffic seeking mortgage information will remain stabilized at current levels. To accelerate the growth of traffic to Bankrate.com, we are working with our syndication partners to program more intensively, and we are aggressively promoting Bankrate.com products not related to mortgage activity. We cannot be certain that we will be successful in these efforts.

 

Our Success Depends on Establishing and Maintaining Distribution Arrangements

 

Our business strategy includes the distribution of our content through the establishment of co-branded Web pages with high-traffic business and personal finance sections of online services and Web sites. A co-branded site is typically a custom version of our Web site with the graphical look, feel, and navigation, of the co-branded partner’s Web site. Providing access to these co-branded Web pages is a significant part of the value we offer to our advertisers. We compete with other Internet content providers to maintain our current relationships with other Web site operators and establish new relationships. In addition, as we expand our personal finance content, some of these Web site operators may perceive us as a competitor. As a result, they may be unwilling to promote distribution of our banking and credit content. We cannot guarantee that our distribution arrangements will attract a sufficient number of users to support our current advertising model. In addition, our business could be adversely affected if we do not establish and maintain distribution arrangements on favorable economic terms.

 

Risks Related to Our Industry, the Internet and Our Technology Infrastructure

 

Our Future Success is Dependent Upon Increased Acceptance of the Internet by Consumers as a Medium for Obtaining Financial Product Information

 

Our success will depend in large part on continued and expanded widespread consumer acceptance of obtaining rate information regarding financial products such as mortgages, credit cards, money market accounts, certificates of deposit, checking and ATM fees, home equity loans, online banking fees and new and used auto loans online. Increased consumer use of the Internet to provide for their lending needs is subject to uncertainty. The development of an online market for obtaining rate information regarding the above listed financial products has only recently begun, is rapidly evolving and likely will be characterized by an increasing number of market entrants. If consumer acceptance of the Internet as a source for such information does not increase, our business, results of operations and financial condition will be adversely affected. As a result, we cannot be sure that we will be able to compete effectively with traditional methods of obtaining such rate information.

 

Our Markets Are Highly Competitive

 

We compete for Internet advertising revenues with the personal finance sections of general interest sites such as Yahoo! and America Online; personal finance destination sites such as Forbes.com, The Motley Fool, SmartMoney.com, Kiplinger.com and CNNMoney.com; e-commerce sites that provide banking and credit products and information such as

 

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E-LOAN and LendingTree; and rate listing sites such as MonsterMoving. In addition, new competitors may easily enter this market as there are few barriers to entry. Many of our existing competitors, as well as a number of potential new competitors, have longer operating histories, greater name recognition, larger customer bases and significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources than us. Many competitors have complementary products or services that drive traffic to their Web sites. Increased competition could result in lower Web site traffic, advertising rate reductions, reduced margins or loss of market share, any of which would adversely affect our business. We cannot be certain that we will be able to compete successfully against current or future competitors.

 

Our Web Site May Encounter Technical Problems and Service Interruptions

 

In the past, our Web site has experienced significant increases in traffic in response to interest rate movements and other business or financial news events. The number of our users has continued to increase over time, and we are seeking to further increase our user base. As a result, our Internet servers must accommodate spikes in demand for our Web pages in addition to potential significant growth in traffic.

 

Our Web site has in the past, and may in the future, experience slower response times or interruptions as a result of increased traffic or other reasons. These delays and interruptions resulting from failure to maintain Internet service connections to our site could frustrate users and reduce our future Web site traffic, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

All of our communications and network equipment is co-located at our corporate headquarters in North Palm Beach, Florida and at a secure third party co-location facility in Atlanta, Georgia. Multiple system failures at these locations could lead to interruptions or delays in service for our Web site, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Our operations are dependent upon our ability to protect our systems against damage from fires, hurricanes, earthquakes, power losses, telecommunications failures, break-ins, computer viruses, hacker attacks and other events beyond our control. Although we maintain business interruption insurance, it may not adequately compensate us for losses that may occur due to failures of our systems.

 

We Rely on the Protection of Our Intellectual Property

 

Our intellectual property consists of the content of our Web site and print publications. We rely on a combination of copyrights, trademarks, trade secret laws and our user policy and restrictions on disclosure to protect our intellectual property. We also enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees and consultants and seek to control access to and distribution of our proprietary information. Despite these precautions, it may be possible for other parties to copy or otherwise obtain and use the content of our Web sites or print publications without authorization. A failure to protect our intellectual property in a meaningful manner could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Because we license some of our data and content from other parties, we may be exposed to infringement actions if such parties do not possess the necessary proprietary rights. Generally, we obtain representations as to the origin and ownership of licensed content and obtain indemnification to cover any breach of any these representations. However, these representations may not be accurate and the indemnification may not be sufficient to provide adequate compensation for any breach of these representations.

 

Any future infringement or other claims or prosecutions related to our intellectual property could have a material adverse effect on our business. Defending against any of these claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation and diversion of technical and management personnel or require us to introduce new content or trademarks, develop new technology or enter into royalty or licensing agreements. These royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all.

 

We May Face Liability for Information on Our Web Site

 

Much of the information published on our Web site relates to the competitiveness of financial institutions’ rates, products and services. We may be subjected to claims for defamation, negligence, copyright or trademark infringement or other theories relating to the information we publish on our Web sites. These types of claims have been brought, sometimes successfully, against online services as well as print publications. Our insurance may not adequately protect us against these types of claims.

 

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Future Government Regulation of the Internet is Uncertain and Subject to Change

 

As Internet commerce continues to evolve, increasing regulation by federal or state agencies or foreign governments may occur. Such regulation is likely in the areas of user privacy, pricing, content and quality of products and services. Additionally, taxation of Internet use or electronic commerce transactions may be imposed. Any regulation imposing fees for Internet use or electronic commerce transactions could result in a decline in the use of the Internet and the viability of Internet commerce, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

We May Be Limited Or Restricted In The Way We Establish And Maintain Our Online Relationships By Laws Generally Applicable To Our Business

 

State and Federal lending laws and regulations generally require the accurate disclosure of the critical components of credit costs so that consumers can readily compare credit terms from various lenders. In addition, these laws and regulations impose certain restrictions on the advertisement of these credit terms. Because we are an aggregator of rate and other information regarding many financial products online, we may be subject to some of these laws and regulations. We believe that we have structured our Web site to comply with these laws and regulations. However, if these laws and regulations are changed, or if new laws or regulations are enacted, these events could prohibit or substantially alter the content we provide on our Web site. Moreover, such events could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Risks Related to Corporate Control and our Stock Price

 

Our Ownership is Heavily Concentrated

 

At December 31, 2003, approximately 42% of our outstanding common stock was beneficially owned by our officers and directors, including Peter C. Morse, a director and our largest shareholder, who beneficially owns approximately 33% of our outstanding common stock. As a result, our officers and directors will be able to exercise control over all matters requiring shareholder approval. In particular, these controlling shareholders will have the ability to elect all of our directors and approve or disapprove significant corporate transactions. This control could be used to prevent or significantly delay another company or person from acquiring or merging with us and could inhibit our liquidity and affect trading in our common stock.

 

Our Success May Depend on Management and Key Employees

 

Our success may depend largely upon retaining the continued services of our executive officers and other key management, developing personnel as well as hiring and training additional employees. We have a number of key employees on whom we depend and who may be difficult to replace. A failure to retain our current key employees or to hire enough qualified employees to sustain our growth could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

We May Encounter Difficulties With Future Acquisitions

 

We may acquire complementary Web sites and other content providers as a part of our business strategy. Any acquisitions may present a number of potential risks that could have a material adverse effect on our business. These risks include the following: failure to integrate the technical operations and personnel in a timely and cost-effective manner; failure to retain key personnel of the acquired company; and assumption of unexpected material liabilities. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will be able to identify suitable acquisition candidates that are available for sale at reasonable prices.

 

We may finance future acquisitions with debt financing, which would increase our debt service requirements, or through the issuance of additional common or preferred stock, which could result in dilution to our shareholders. We cannot be certain that we will be able to arrange adequate financing on acceptable terms.

 

Our Results of Operations May Fluctuate Significantly

 

Our results of operations are difficult to predict and may fluctuate significantly in the future as a result of several factors, many of which are beyond our control. These factors include:

 

  changes in fees paid by advertisers;

 

  traffic levels on our Web site, which can fluctuate significantly;

 

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  changes in the demand for Internet products and services;

 

  changes in fee or revenue-sharing arrangements with our distribution partners;

 

  our ability to enter into or renew key distribution agreements;

 

  the introduction of new Internet advertising services by us or our competitors;

 

  changes in our capital or operating expenses;

 

  general economic conditions; and

 

  changes in banking or other laws that could limit or eliminate content on our Web site.

 

Our future revenue and results of operations are difficult to forecast due to these factors. As a result, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations may not be meaningful, and you should not rely on past periods as indicators of future performance.

 

In future periods, our results of operations may fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors, which could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

 

Our Stock Price May Be Particularly Volatile Because of the Industry We Are In

 

The stock prices and trading volume of Internet-related companies have been extremely volatile. Accordingly, our stock price can be volatile as well. In January 2001, we announced that our common stock had been removed from the Nasdaq National Market and had become eligible for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board. On January 9, 2003, we announced that our common stock had begun trading on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market and on August 18, 2003, we announced that our common stock had again begun trading on the Nasdaq National Market under our existing stock symbol “RATE.”

 

If Our Common Stock Price Drops Significantly, We May Be Delisted From the Nasdaq National Market, Which Could Eliminate The Trading Market For Our Common Stock

 

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market. In order to continue to be included on the Nasdaq National Market, a company must meet certain maintenance criteria. As of December 31, 2003, we were in compliance with all such criteria. However, we cannot assure you that we will continue to meet these listing criteria. If our common stock were to be delisted, we would be required to meet the criteria for initial listing if we wanted to be listed on the Nasdaq National Market again. The initial listing standards are more stringent than the maintenance standards. Accordingly, we cannot provide assurances that if we were delisted we would be able to have our common stock relisted on the Nasdaq National Market. Further, if our common stock were to be delisted, it may become more difficult for us to raise funds through the sale of our common stock or securities convertible into our common stock.

 

Available Information

 

For further discussion concerning our business, see the information included in Items 7 and 8 of this report.

 

We make available free of charge through our Web site at www.bankrate.com our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports, if applicable, as soon as reasonably practicable after the material is electronically filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

In addition, we expect to post our Corporate Governance Guidelines and the charters for our Audit Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominating Committee on our Web site at www.bankrate.com prior to our 2004 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.

 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

 

Our principal administrative, sales, Web operations, marketing and research functions are located in one leased facility in North Palm Beach, Florida. The facility is leased from Bombay Holdings, Inc., which is wholly-owned by Peter C. Morse, a director and 33% stockholder. The lease is for approximately 14,300 square feet and expires on December 31, 2006. We also lease approximately 4,500 square feet in New York, New York, that is principally used for administration, sales and business development. The New York office lease expires in September 2006. We also lease approximately 500 square feet on a month-to-month basis in Irvine, California that is used principally as a sales office.

 

We believe that all of our facilities are adequate and suitable for operations in the foreseeable future. However, we may undertake the expansion of certain facilities from time to time in the ordinary course of business.

 

See Notes 6 and 7 to the financial statements in Item 8 below for more information about our leased facilities.

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

On March 28, 2000, a purported class-action lawsuit was filed against us and others in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The suit alleged that we violated federal securities laws by, among other things, selling securities pursuant to a defective registration statement, and misrepresenting and/or omitting material information concerning our financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 1999, and other financial information, in our registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with our initial public offering. The action, seeking an

 

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unspecified amount of money damages, was filed purportedly on behalf of all stockholders who purchased shares of our common stock during the period from May 13, 1999, through March 27, 2000. We filed a motion to dismiss this complaint and, on March 28, 2001, the suit was dismissed with prejudice. On April 25, 2001, plaintiffs appealed the decision to dismiss the suit to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. On January 28, 2003, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed the dismissal of this action in its entirety.

 

In July 2000, we sold our former wholly-owned subsidiary, Professional Direct Agency, Inc. (“Pivot”), for $4,350,000 in cash. In connection with the sale, we agreed to indemnify the buyer for liability of up to $1,000,000 in connection with a litigation matter between Pivot and its co-founders and former owner. In March 2001, the case was dismissed based on a technical deficiency. In August 2001, the plaintiff re-filed the complaint. At December 31, 2003, the outcome of this matter was uncertain. We cannot estimate at this time the amount of loss, if any, that could result from an adverse resolution of this litigation.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

None.

 

ITEM 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

 

The names, ages, and current positions of our executive officers as of March 15, 2004 are listed in the table below. There are no family relationships among the executive officers nor is there any agreement or understanding between any officer and any other person pursuant to which the officer was elected.

 

Executive Officers

 

Name


   Age

  

Position


Elisabeth DeMarse

   49    President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

G. Cotter Cunningham

   41    Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

Robert J. DeFranco

   47    Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Richard G. Stalzer

   40    Senior Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer

 

Elisabeth DeMarse. Ms. DeMarse has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since April 2000. Prior to that time, Ms. DeMarse served as Executive Vice President of International Operations at Hoover’s, Inc., which operates Hoover’s Online, from February 1999. Previously, she was an Executive Vice President at Bloomberg L.P. Ms. DeMarse spent ten years at Bloomberg L.P. in various leadership positions, where she led the start-up of eight businesses including Bloomberg.com, Bloomberg’s e-commerce and i-commerce divisions and Bloomberg’s print divisions. Prior to Bloomberg, she served four years at Citibank’s Information Business, and over four years at Western Union marketing telecommunications services. Ms. DeMarse holds an A.B. cum laude from Wellesley College where she majored in history, and an M.B.A. from Harvard with an emphasis on marketing.

 

G. Cotter Cunningham. Mr. Cunningham has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the Company since September 2000. Prior to that, he served as interim President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company from February 2000 and as Senior Vice President-Marketing and Sales of the Company from February 1999. From 1997 to 1999, Mr. Cunningham was Vice President and General Manager of Valentine McCormick Ligibel, Inc., an advertising agency specializing in new media. From 1992 to 1997, Mr. Cunningham was Vice President of Block Financial Corporation, where he created, launched and directed the CompuServe Visa and WebCard Visa credit card programs. Mr. Cunningham holds a B.S. in Economics from the University of Memphis and an M.B.A. from Vanderbilt University’s Owen Graduate School of Management.

 

Robert J. DeFranco. Mr. DeFranco has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since September 2000. Prior to that he served as Vice President and Finance and Chief Accounting Officer from March 1999. From 1986 to 1999, he held various positions in corporate accounting and finance for companies including Ocwen Financial Corporation (as Director of Finance from January 1998 through March 1999), SunTrust Banks, Inc. (as Vice President-Financial Reporting from February 1995 through December 1997), Ryder System, Inc. and Southeast Banking Corporation.

 

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From 1978 to 1986 he was a member of the commercial audit division of Arthur Andersen & Co., Miami, Florida, where he last served as senior audit manager for a variety of publicly-held and privately-held companies in industries including banking and other financial institutions, manufacturing, distribution and real estate development. Mr. DeFranco is a Certified Public Accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. DeFranco received a Bachelor of Science degree with a major in accounting from Florida State University in 1978.

 

Richard G. Stalzer. Mr. Stalzer has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer since February 23, 2004. Prior to that, he was with MSN-Microsoft Corporation as East Coast Financial Service Director since March 2003, and as Director of Agency Relations since September 2002. From March 2002 to June 2002 he was Advertising Director at Advertising Age – Crain Communication. From March 1999 to February 2002 he was Vice President of Sales of E*Trade Financial Group where he was responsible for developing E*Trade’s media business and the creation of the E*Trade Financial Network. From October 1990 to March 1999 he held various positions with MONEY Magazine – Time Warner, most recently as Western Regional Advertising Director from December 1995 to March 1999. Mr. Stalzer received a Bachelor of Science degree with a major in Business Administration from the University of Denver in 1986.

 

PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS

 

Our common stock traded on the Nasdaq National Market from May 1999 until January 26, 2001. Prior to May 1999, there was no established market for the shares.

 

Effective January 29, 2001, our common stock was removed from the Nasdaq National Market and immediately became eligible for trading on the OTC Bulletin Board. Nasdaq’s decision to delist our common stock from the Nasdaq National Market was based on our net tangible assets, as defined by Nasdaq, falling below the required $4,000,000 minimum amount.

 

Effective January 9, 2003, our common stock began trading on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, and on August 18, 2003 we again began trading on the Nasdaq National Market under its existing stock symbol “RATE.”

 

The prices per share reflected in the table below represent, for the periods indicated, the range of high and low bid information for our common stock as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board from Tuesday, January 1, 2002 through Wednesday, January 8, 2003; the range of high and low closing sale prices for our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq SmallCap Market from Thursday, January 9, 2003 through Friday, August 15, 2003; and the range of high and low closing sale prices for our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq National Market from Monday, August 18, 2003 through Wednesday, December 31, 2003. The OTC Bulletin Board quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, markdown or commissions, and may not reflect actual transactions.

 

     HIGH

   LOW

Year ended December 31, 2002

             

First quarter

   $ 1.29    $ 0.65

Second quarter

     1.50      1.10

Third quarter

     2.09      1.02

Fourth quarter

     3.91      2.05

Year ended December 31, 2003

             

First quarter

   $ 5.84    $ 3.40

Second quarter

     12.10      4.77

Third quarter

     15.45      10.94

Fourth quarter

     19.82      11.01

 

The closing sale price of our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq National Market on February 27, 2004 was $15.95 per share.

 

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The number of shareholders of record of our common stock as of February 27, 2004, was 4,280.

 

We have never paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently intend to retain any earnings for use in our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The selected financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto, and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, and the balance sheet data as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, are derived from, and are qualified by reference to, the financial statements of Bankrate, Inc. included elsewhere in this Form 10-K, which financial statements have been audited by KPMG LLP, independent auditors. The audit report is included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The statement of operations data for years ended December 31, 2000 and 1999, and the balance sheet data as of December 31, 2000 and 1999, have been derived from audited financial statements not included in this Form 10-K. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in the future.

 

Statement of Operations Data

 

(In thousands, except share and per share data)