UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
| x | Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, |
or
| ¨ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from to . |
Commission File Number: 0-20086
UNIVERSAL HOSPITAL SERVICES, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 41-0760940 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(IRS Employer Identification No.) |
1250 Northland Plaza
3800 American Boulevard West
Bloomington, Minnesota 55431-4442
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(952) 893-3200
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ¨ No x
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes ¨ No x
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
None.
The number of shares outstanding of common stock, $.01 par value, as of March 5, 2004 was 122,725,617.8.
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| PART I |
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| ITEM 1 |
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| ITEM 2 |
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| ITEM 3 |
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| ITEM 4 |
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| PART II |
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| ITEM 5 |
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| ITEM 6 |
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| ITEM 7 |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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| ITEM 7A |
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| ITEM 8 |
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| ITEM 9 |
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure |
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| ITEM 9A |
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| PART III |
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| ITEM 10 |
54 | |||
| ITEM 11 |
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| ITEM 12 |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |
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| ITEM 13 |
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| ITEM 14 |
75 | |||
| PART IV |
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| ITEM 15 |
Exhibits, Financial Statements, Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K |
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PART I
| ITEM 1: | Business |
Our Company
We are a leading, nationwide provider of medical technology outsourcing and services to the health care industry, including national, regional and local acute care hospitals and alternate site providers, such as nursing homes and home care providers. We service customers across the spectrum of the equipment life cycle as a result of our position as the industrys largest purchaser, outsourcer and reseller of movable medical equipment. Our diverse customer base includes more than 2,900 acute care hospitals and approximately 3,050 alternate site providers. We also have extensive and long-standing relationships with over 300 major medical equipment manufacturers and the nations largest group purchasing organizations, or GPOs, and integrated delivery networks, or IDNs. Our service offerings fall into three general categories: Medical Equipment Outsourcing, Technical and Professional Services, and Medical Equipment Sales, Remarketing and Disposables. All of our services leverage our nationwide logistics network and our more than 60 years of experience managing and servicing all aspects of movable medical equipment. These services are paid for by our customers and not through reimbursement from governmental or other third-party payors. We commenced operations in 1939, originally incorporated in Minnesota in 1954 and reincorporated in Delaware in 2001. Our revenue, profits, and assets, for the prior three years are described in Item 6 Selected Financial Data.
Medical Equipment Outsourcing
Our flagship business is our Medical Equipment Outsourcing unit, which accounted for $140.2 million, or approximately 82.0%, of our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003. We own approximately 144,000 pieces of movable medical equipment in four primary categories: critical care, respiratory therapy, monitoring and newborn care.
Our outsourcing programs include the following range of services:
| | Supplemental and Peak Needs Usage. One of our basic outsourcing programs is providing equipment to our customers on a supplemental or peak needs basis. A number of our customers have traditionally owned only the amounts and types of equipment necessary to service their usual and customary bed census and range of treatment offerings. When our customers experience a census increase or require equipment for less common treatments, they rely on us to fulfill many of their equipment needs, often within 24 hours or less of receiving their call or request; |
| | Long-Term/Exclusive Outsourcing Agreements. We also offer our customers the opportunity to obtain movable medical equipment through a long-term or |
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| exclusive outsourcing agreement. By executing a long-term outsourcing agreement, our customers are able to secure the availability of an identified pool of patient-ready equipment, delivered to their facility upon demand, and to pay for it on a daily, weekly, monthly or a Pay-Per-Use basis. We provide a number of value-added services for our long-term and exclusive customers, such as acquisition consulting, utilization studies and disposition of obsolete equipment, as well as access to our proprietary software and technology tools to manage our customers equipment. We also provide customers with the flexibility to upgrade their equipment as technology changes; and |
| | Asset Management Partnership or In-House Programs. Our asset management partnership program (AMPP) or in-house program provides our customers with the ability to completely outsource the responsibilities and costs of effectively managing their movable medical equipment. For our AMPP customers, we place our employees experienced in equipment management at the customers site. We integrate our equipment management process and technology tools into our customers day-to-day operations to manage the utilization of equipment within our customers facilities. We assume full responsibility for delivering equipment to the areas needed, removing equipment no longer in use and cleaning equipment between every patient use. Our highly skilled and trained equipment technicians maintain and service our AMPP customers equipment to our standards. They also perform required training and in service sessions to keep our customers staffs fully trained and knowledgeable about the use and operation of key equipment. |
Our medical equipment programs enable health care providers to replace the fixed costs of owning and/or leasing medical equipment with variable costs that are more closely related to their revenues and current equipment needs. The increased flexibility and services provided to our customers allows them to access our extensive data and expertise on the cost, performance, features and functions of all major items of medical equipment; increase productivity of available equipment; reduce maintenance and management costs through use of our dedicated and knowledgeable outsourcing staff and technology; increase the productivity and satisfaction of their nursing staff by allowing them to focus on primary patient care responsibilities; reduce equipment obsolescence risk; and facilitate compliance with regulatory and record keeping requirements and manufacturers specifications on tracking and maintenance of medical equipment.
We currently provide outsourcing services to a wide spectrum of acute care hospitals in the United States, including such premier institutions as UCLA Medical Center, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baylor University and Kansas University Medical Center. We have contracts in place with several of the leading national GPOs for both the acute care and alternate site markets, including Premier Technology Management L.L.C., Novation, LLC, MedAssets HSCA, Inc. and Amerinet, Inc. We also have agreements with national alternate site providers, including Omnicare, Inc., Apria Healthcare Group Inc. and Beverly Enterprises, Inc. We expect much of our
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anticipated future growth to be driven by our customers outsourcing more of their equipment needs and taking advantage of our expanded offering of one-stop services.
Technical and Professional Services
Our more than 60 years of experience managing and servicing our own fleet of movable medical equipment has allowed us to extend our offerings to include technical and professional services for equipment owned by both health care providers and manufacturers. We provide medical equipment repair, inspection, preventative maintenance, logistic and consulting services through our nationwide network of 190 technicians and professionals, as well as our nationwide network of district offices and service centers. Our technicians are trained and certified on an ongoing basis directly by equipment manufacturers to enable them to be skilled in servicing a wide spectrum of medical equipment. These services, which accounted for $14.7 million, or approximately 8.6%, of our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003, allow us to leverage our extensive expertise and national network of facilities and trained professionals. Our technicians are required and encouraged to maintain current certifications, to be cross-trained across equipment lines and to refresh their training on a regular basis. Our technical and professional service offerings are less capital intensive than our Medical Equipment Outsourcing business, and provide a complementary alternative for customers that wish to own their medical equipment, or lack the expertise, funding or scale to perform these functions. Our customers include manufacturers, large hospitals, small and critical access hospitals and alternate site providers, such as nursing homes and home care providers.
We also operate a quality assurance department to develop and document our own quality standards for our equipment. All equipment maintenance, inspection and repair is performed to our specifications and recorded utilizing our proprietary record keeping software and meets or exceeds FDA, CSA and JCAHO standards. These maintenance records are available to our customers and to regulatory agencies to demonstrate the maintenance of our equipment throughout its useful life.
We provide our technical and professional services to four distinct categories of customers:
| | Manufacturers. We provide our services to medical equipment manufacturers that either do not have a nationwide support or logistics network to service their products, or who find our offerings superior to their own in quality and cost. Our offerings include logistics and loaner management programs, depot or on-site warranty, product recall, field upgrades, maintenance or repairs, and onsite installation and in-service education; |
| | Large Hospitals. We provide our services to large hospitals on a supplemental and fully outsourced basis. Our services are requested by in-house hospital biomedical departments on a supplemental basis because of our wealth of |
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| experience with movable medical equipment and to alleviate the increasing workload demands on in-house departments; |
| | Small and Critical Access Hospitals. We offer full lifecycle asset management services, including professional and technical services, to small (hospitals with less than 150 beds) and critical access hospitals. These customers typically lack the resources to evaluate, acquire, manage, maintain, repair and dispose of medical equipment or technology and draw upon our vast experience in these areas to assist them. Our premier service to these customers is our ELS program, under which we assist our customers in managing their equipment resources throughout the life of the equipment in their facilities; and |
| | Alternate Site Providers. We offer our technical and repair services to alternate site providers, such as nursing homes and home care providers. Our nationwide service and repair network allows equipment to be repaired on site, or picked up by us and repaired in one of our district offices or repair service centers. |
Medical Equipment Sales, Remarketing and Disposables
We offer three areas of medical equipment sales and remarketing services, which collectively accounted for $16.1 million, or approximately 9.4%, of our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003. They are:
| | Remarketing and Asset Disposal. We remarket and dispose of used medical equipment both for our customers and on our own behalf. Our most significant service in the sales and remarketing arena is our Asset Recovery Program, which assists customers both in recovering the residual economic value of disposed equipment and in safely disposing of equipment that has no remaining economic value. As part of our full lifecycle management services, we remarket used medical equipment to secondary market buyers. Our remarketing and asset disposal programs represent opportunity for growth, given our expertise and knowledge in this area and our positioning as the industrys largest purchaser of movable medical equipment as well as the relative lack of focus from our customers on the benefits of end-of-life equipment management. |
| | Disposables and Parts. We offer for sale to our customers disposable items, medical/surgical supplies, parts and accessories in order to accommodate their full service equipment needs. We offer these products as part of our complete outsourcing services and as a convenience to our customers. Our activity in this area is limited and typically relates directly to medical equipment or technical services which we are providing to a customer. We currently acquire substantially all of our medical disposables from approximately 121 suppliers. Our five largest suppliers of disposables, which accounted for over 49% of our disposable purchases for 2003, were: Tyco International, Ltd. (The Kendall Healthcare Products Company); Sims Deltec, Inc.; Huntleigh Healthcare, Inc.; Maven Medical Manufacturing, Inc.; and Kinetic Concepts Inc. We believe that |
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| alternative sources of disposable medical supplies are available to us should they be needed. |
| | Specialty Medical Equipment. On a selective basis, we provide sales distribution and support for manufacturers of specialty medical equipment. We typically offer this service only for products particularly suited to our national distribution network, or for those products that fit with our ability to provide technical support. We currently distribute certain bed and monitoring products and a brand of infant security systems. |
Business Operations
District Offices
We currently operate 69 full service district offices throughout the United States, allowing us to effectively service customers in all 50 states. Each district office maintains an inventory of equipment and other items tailored to accommodate the needs of the individual customers within its geographical area. Should additional or unusual equipment be required by one of our customers, a district office can draw upon the resources of all of our other districts, with access to approximately 144,000 owned pieces of equipment, to obtain the necessary equipment within 24 hours.
Our district offices are staffed by multi-disciplined teams of account managers, service representatives and technicians trained to provide the spectrum of services we offer our customers. Each office is under the guidance of a district manager with responsibility for the overall operation of the office, as well as directing the sales, technical and professional employees. Our district offices are also managed on a centralized basis to ensure a high standard of quality and service while taking advantage of economies of scale.
Service Centers
Our district offices are supported by our network of 13 regional service centers. Our service centers support our district offices with their ability to perform more sophisticated maintenance and repair of equipment. In addition to providing advanced technical capabilities, our service centers provide overflow capacity to ensure that we meet our customers repair and maintenance needs in a timely manner. Our service centers also enable us to offer warranty, recall and other services to our equipment manufacturer customers.
Centralized Functions
At the core of our nationwide service is our corporate office located in Bloomington, Minnesota. We have centralized many of the key elements of our equipment and service offerings in order to maximize our operating efficiencies and uniformity of service. Some of the critical aspects of our business that we have centralized include the
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administration of certain contracts, purchasing, pricing, logistics and information technology.
Equipment Inventory
We purchase movable medical equipment in the areas of critical care, respiratory therapy, monitoring and newborn care. Equipment acquisitions may be made to expand our pool of existing equipment or to add new equipment technologies to our existing equipment pool. In making equipment purchases, we consider a variety of factors, including equipment mobility, anticipated utilization level, service intensiveness and anticipated obsolescence. Of additional consideration are the relative safety of, and the risks associated with, such equipment.
As of December 31, 2003, we owned approximately 144,000 pieces of equipment available for use by our customers. The cost of each category of equipment in our outsourcing pool relative to the entire pool as of December 31, 2003 was: critical care, 54%; respiratory therapy, 29%; monitoring, 15%; and newborn care, 2%.
During 2003, we purchased 85% of our movable medical equipment from approximately 106 manufacturers and 15% from the used equipment market. Our ten largest manufacturers of movable medical equipment, which supplied approximately 66% of our direct movable medical equipment purchases for 2003, were: Baxter Healthcare Corporation; Tyco International, Ltd. (Mallinckrodt and Kendall Healthcare Products Company); Alaris Medical Systems; Tri-Anim Health Services, Inc.; Datascope Corporation; Sims Deltec, Inc.; Respironics, Inc.; Sammons Preston Rolyan; Abbott Laboratories and Viasys Healthcare, Inc. Although our top ten manufacturers remain relatively constant from year to year, the relative ranking of suppliers within this group may vary over time. We believe that alternative sources of movable medical equipment are available to us should they be needed.
We seek to ensure availability of equipment at favorable prices. Although we do not generally enter into long-term fixed price contracts with suppliers of our equipment, we may receive price discounts related to the volume of our purchases. The purchase price for our equipment generally ranges from $1,000 to $50,000 per item.
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Principal Types of Movable Medical Equipment Available
| Critical Care |
Monitoring |
Respiratory Therapy |
Newborn Care | |||
| Adult/Pediatric Volumetric |
Adult/Pediatric/Neonatal | Aerosol Tents | Fetal Monitors | |||
| Pumps |
Monitors | Air Compressors | Incubators | |||
| Alternating Pressure/ |
Anesthetic Agent Monitors | BiPAP | Infant Warmers | |||
| Flotation Devices |
Apnea Monitors | Cough Stimulators | Phototherapy | |||
| Ambulatory Infusion Pumps |
Blood Pressure Monitors | CPAP | Devices | |||
| Anesthesia Machines |
Defibrillators | Heated Humidifiers | Infant Ventilators | |||
| Blood/Fluid Warmers |
Electrocardiographs | Nebulizers | Neonatal Infusion | |||
| Cold Therapy Units |
End Tidal CO2 Monitors | Oximeters | Pumps | |||
| Continuous Passive Motion |
Fetal Monitors | Oxygen Concentrators | ||||
| Devices |
Monitoring Systems | Simple Spirometry | ||||
| Infusion Controllers |
Oximeters PO2/CO2 | Ventilators | ||||
| Electrosurgical Generators |
Monitors | |||||
| Foot Pumps |
Recorders and Printers | |||||
| Heat Therapy Units |
Stress Test System | |||||
| Hyper-Hypothermia Units |
Surgical Monitors | |||||
| Lymphodema Pumps |
Telemetry Monitors | |||||
| Minimal Invasive Surgery |
Urine Output/Temperature | |||||
| Systems |
Monitors | |||||
| Patient Controlled Analgesia |
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| Sequential Compression |
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| Devices |
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| Specialty Beds and Support |
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| Services |
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| Suction Devices |
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| Syringe Pumps |
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| Tympanic Oral Thermometry |
Our Strengths
We believe our business model presents an attractive value proposition to our customers and has resulted in significant growth since 1998. Our unique position in our flagship Medical Equipment Outsourcing business presents us with considerable competitive advantages, and has facilitated further growth in complementary areas. We service customers across the spectrum of the equipment life cycle as a result of our position as the industrys largest purchaser, outsourcer and reseller of movable medical equipment. We attribute our historical success to, and believe that our potential for future growth comes from, the following strengths:
Unique position in the health care arena. We are one of only two national companies providing movable medical equipment outsourcing programs to the health care industry. We are the only nationwide provider that maintains ownership and management control of its nationwide network, allowing us to deliver consistent quality and service anywhere in the United States. Our extensive and long-standing relationships with more than 2,900 hospitals, approximately 3,050 alternate site providers, over 300 medical equipment manufacturers and the nations most prominent GPOs and IDNs present a considerable competitive advantage over our smaller regional competitors. We are uniquely
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positioned in the health care industry as a result of our: (a) strategic capital investments and access to capital to maintain the most extensive and modern fleet of equipment in the industry; (b) nationwide infrastructure, national service and logistics network; (c) proprietary medical equipment asset management software and tools and (d) commitment to customer service that has earned us a reputation as a leader in quality and service in our industry.
Superior service and strong customer relationships. We distinguish ourselves as the recognized leader in our industry for service and quality. Our modern equipment fleet, quality assurance programs and proprietary reporting technologies and management tools minimize obsolescence risk and place us in a leadership position in the areas of quality and patient safety. We have a broad nationwide network that has enabled us to effectively compete for large national contracts, drive regional and local growth and strengthen our competitive positioning.
| | Superior customer service. We have a long-standing reputation among our customers for service and quality. This reputation is largely due to our customer service culture, which is continuously reinforced through significant investment in hiring and training resources. We strive to seamlessly integrate our employees and service offerings into the operations of our provider customers. This aggressive focus on customer service has helped us to achieve a 97.3% customer retention rate since January 1, 2002 among our top 1,000 customers by revenue. |
| | Large, modern equipment fleet. We own and manage an extensive, modern fleet of movable medical equipment, consisting of approximately 144,000 owned units from over 300 manufacturers. The average age of our equipment pool is approximately four years versus an industry average we believe to be significantly older. This modern equipment fleet, along with our quality assurance programs and tools, minimizes obsolescence risk and places us in a leadership position in the areas of quality and patient safety. It also places us in a unique position to service high end acute care hospitals, such as teaching, research or specialty institutions that demand the most current technology to satisfy the increasingly complex needs of their patients. Because we service the spectrum of care providers, we are able to move equipment along the care spectrum as equipment ages. Competitors, by contrast, have much older equipment fleets and are more limited in the number or primary customers to which they can outsource a single piece of equipment. |
| | Proprietary software and asset management tools. We have used our over 60-year database of medical equipment management and services to develop our extensive and sophisticated software and proprietary reporting technology and management tools to manage our customers equipment. These tools have allowed us to become a leader in meeting the demands of customers and delivering sophisticated asset management programs and tools which we use to drive cost efficiencies, equipment productivity and patient safety programs. We |
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| believe that our continued and significant investment in new tools and technology will help us to maintain our leadership role in the industry. |
| | Nationwide infrastructure. We have a broad, nationwide service network coupled with focused and customized operations at the local level. This extensive network of 69 full service district offices and 13 regional service centers and our 24-hour-a-day, 365 day-a-year service capabilities have enabled us to effectively compete for large, national contracts as well as to drive growth regionally and locally. |
Industry with favorable fundamentals. The attractiveness of our business is driven by the overall favorable trends in health care in general and our segment in particular. The growth in the medical equipment outsourcing industry is being driven by a fundamental shift in the needs of hospitals and alternate site providers, from supplemental and peak needs supply of movable medical equipment to full lifecycle asset management programs. This move to full outsourcing is not unlike trends in similar services at hospitals including food services, laundry and professional staffing. The strong fundamentals in medical equipment outsourcing are being driven by the following trends:
| | Favorable demographic trends. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, individuals aged 65 and older in the United States comprise the fastest growing segment of the population, and that segment is expected to grow 12.5% from 2002 to 2010. As a result, the number of patients and the volume of hospital admissions continue to grow. The aging population and increasing life expectancy are increasing demand for health care services; |
| | Increased capital and operating expense pressures. As hospitals continue to experience shrinking capital and operating budgets, and while the cost and complexity of medical equipment increases, we expect that they will increasingly look to us to source these capital equipment needs and manage medical equipment to achieve capital operating expense savings and efficiencies; and |
| | Nursing and professional staffing satisfaction. As hospitals continue to experience increasing staffing pressures, we expect that they will increasingly turn to our programs to alleviate medical equipment duties for nurses and professional staff, and increase overall satisfaction levels with nurses and hospital professionals. |
Strong value proposition. We bring a focus and expertise to medical equipment lifecycle management that creates a value proposition to our customers. Our programs enable health care providers to replace the fixed costs of owning and/or leasing medical equipment with variable costs that are more closely related to their revenues and present needs. The increased flexibility and services provided to customers allow our customers to enhance productivity of available equipment, reducing the overall costs of acquisition
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and maintenance of medical equipment; accurately capture all provider billing data, thereby maximizing their own revenue from patients and their payors; access our extensive data and expertise on the cost, performance, features and functions of all major pieces or types of medical equipment to assist them in making acquisition, management and disposition decisions; reduce maintenance and management costs through the use of our dedicated and knowledgeable outsourcing staff and asset management software and tools; increase the productivity and satisfaction (as demonstrated by our surveys) of providers nursing and professional staff; reduce equipment obsolescence risk; and improve compliance with regulatory and record keeping requirements. Our programs also enable our customers to increase the availability of patient-ready equipment and improve nursing satisfaction.
No direct reimbursement risk. Generally, health care providers rely on payment from patients or reimbursement from governmental or other third party payors. Our fees are paid directly by our acute care hospital, alternate site and manufacturer customers rather than through third party payors. Accordingly, our exposure to uncollectible patient or reimbursement receivables is minimized, as evidenced by our bad debt expense of only 0.4% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Proven management team. We have an industry leading management team with an average of approximately 15 years of health care experience. Our management team has successfully supervised the development of our competitive strategy, continually enhanced our service and product offerings and established our nationwide footprint and reputation as the industrys service and quality leader.
GROWTH STRATEGY
Historically, we have experienced significant and sustained organic and strategic growth. Our overall strategy is to capitalize on our past success to continue to grow both organically and through strategic acquisitions.
Organic Growth
We believe that the following external and market factors will provide us significant growth opportunities for Medical Equipment Outsourcing, services and sales; (a) the aging population; (b) increasing life expectancy; (c) continued increase in the number and sophistication of medical technologies; (d) increasing cost and staffing pressures of hospitals; and (d) continued growth of outsourcing of non-core functions by hospitals, alternate site providers and manufacturers.
Our organic growth strategy is to continue to grow our flagship Medical Equipment Outsourcing business by continuing to expand our market share and the outsourcing marketplace. We also intend to grow our less capital-intensive Technical and Professional Services business by leveraging our experience across the spectrum of the equipment lifecycle, extensive existing customer relationships and attractive market position.
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We believe that, because of the depth and breadth of our services and our long-standing customer relationships, we are uniquely positioned to increase the marketplace, as well as our market share, through the execution of three organic growth strategies: (a) offering additional products and services to our existing customers, particularly through fully-outsourced asset management services; (b) increasing the number of hospitals and alternate care facilities to whom we provide services; and 3) expanding our relationships with GPOs and the smaller alliances of facilities operating within those groups.
Strategic Growth
Since our 1998 recapitalization, we have made and successfully integrated six strategic acquisitions that have helped us expand our business by increasing our market share in existing markets and enabling us to penetrate new geographic regions. They have also allowed us to expand our offerings of full equipment lifecycle services. We are currently expanding this small hospital strategy across our nationwide network. We intend to continue to pursue a disciplined course of growing our business with complementary acquisitions. We regularly evaluate potential acquisitions, and we may be evaluating or engaging in acquisition negotiations at any time and from time to time.
COMPETITION
We analyze our competition as it relates to our three primary categories of business:
Medical Equipment Outsourcing
We believe that the strongest competition to our outsourcing programs is the traditional purchase and lease alternatives for obtaining movable medical equipment. Currently, many acute care hospitals and alternate site providers view outsourcing primarily as a means of meeting short-term or peak supplemental needs, rather than as a long-term alternative to purchasing or leasing equipment. Although we believe that we can demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of outsourcing movable medical equipment on a long-term per-use basis, we believe that many health care providers will continue to purchase or lease a substantial portion of their movable medical equipment until they are educated in the advantages and efficiencies of outsourcing.
We have one principal national competitor in the movable medical equipment outsourcing business: MEDIQ/PRN, a subsidiary of MEDIQ, based in Pennsauken, New Jersey. Although MEDIQs Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing in 2001 has caused it to revise its strategies and approach, it remains our only significant national competitor in the movable medical equipment outsourcing market. On February 2, 2004, MEDIQ was acquired by Hillenbrand Industries. Hillenbrand is a publicly traded holding company serving the health care and funeral services industries. Hillenbrands Hill-Rom subsidiary is a leading provider of therapy bed rentals and a manufacturer of hospital furniture. Hillenbrand has announced its intention to integrate MEDIQs operations into its Hill-Rom subsidiary.
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Our other competition consists of regional or local companies and some movable medical equipment manufacturers and dealers who provide equipment outsourcing to augment their movable medical equipment sales. Local and regional companies have a propensity to compete on price and can negatively impact our margins. We believe that our technology and inventory allow us to effectively compete with these entities.
Technical and Professional Services
We face significant and direct competition in the technical and professional services area from many national, regional and local service providers, as well as from manufacturers. In addition, many of our customers choose to perform these functions using their own personnel. We believe that with our network of trained technicians, strong customer relations and extensive equipment database, we offer customers an attractive alternative for performing biomedical repair services on their equipment.
Medical Equipment Sales, Remarketing and Disposables
In the area of medical equipment sales, remarketing and disposables, we face significant direct competition from a variety of manufacturers and distributors on a nationwide basis. As a result, we are selective in our pursuit of these opportunities. We believe our competition in the remarketing and asset recovery business is less intense. The equipment remarketing market is highly fragmented with low barriers to entry. In addition to manufacturers seeking to control the remarketing and disposal of their own products, we compete with a number of localized or more specialized providers of remarketing and disposal services.
EMPLOYEES
We had 971 employees as of December 31, 2003, including 892 full-time and 79 part-time employees. Of such employees, 153 are sales representatives, 190 are technical support personnel, 99 are employed in the areas of corporate and marketing, 150 are hospital service personnel and 379 are district office support personnel.
None of our employees is covered by a collective bargaining agreement, and we have experienced no work stoppages to date. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
We use the UHS and Universal Hospital Services names as trade names and as service marks in connection with our rental of medical equipment. We have registered these and other marks as service marks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
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MARKETING
We market our programs primarily through our direct sales force, which consisted of 153 promotional sales representatives as of December 31, 2003. In our marketing efforts, we primarily target key decision makers, such as materials managers, department heads and directors of purchasing, nursing and central supply, as well as administrators, chief executive officers and chief financial officers. We also promote our programs and services to hospital and alternate care provider groups and associations. We develop and provide our direct sales force with a variety of materials designed to support our promotional efforts. We also use direct mail advertising, as well as targeted trade journal advertising to supplement this activity.
FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
All statements, other than statements of historical fact, contained within this Annual Report on Form 10-K constitute forward-looking statements, which may include words such as expect, anticipate, believe, may, should, could or estimate. These statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from expectations.
Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, those described in Risk Factors below and the following:
| | general business and economic conditions; |
| | the financial strength of the acute care sector, including consolidation within that sector; |
| | governmental policies affecting the health care industry in localities where we or our customers operate; |
| | the impact of competitive parties; |
| | pressure on prices realized by us for our services; |
| | difficulties or delays in the development, production, testing and marketing of equipment; |
| | difficulties or delays in receiving required governmental and regulatory approvals; |
| | market acceptance issues, including the failure of equipment to generate anticipated sales levels; |
| | the effects of and changes in trade, monetary, environmental and fiscal policies, laws and regulations; |
| | the costs and effects of legal proceedings, including environmental and administrative proceedings, involving us; |
| | success in implementing our various initiatives; and |
| | the effects of past and potential future acts of terrorism, bioterrorism, violence or war. |
We undertake no obligation, and specifically decline any obligation, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future
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events or otherwise. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events included in this 10-K might not occur.
RISK FACTORS
If the census of our customers decreases, our costs as a percent of revenue could increase and the revenues generated by our business could decrease.
Our operating results are dependent in part upon the amount and types of equipment necessary to service our customers needs which are heavily influenced by the total number of patients our customers are serving at any time (which we refer to as patient census). At times of lower patient census, our customers have a decreased need for our services on a supplemental or peak needs basis. Our operating results can vary depending on the timing and severity of the cold and flu season and the impact of national catastrophes, as well as other factors affecting census. If our customers experience a census decrease, our costs as a percent of revenue could increase and the revenues generated by our business could decrease.
If we are unable to fund our significant cash needs, we will be unable to operate and expand our business as planned or to service our debt.
We require substantial cash to operate our Medical Equipment Outsourcing programs and service our debt. Our outsourcing programs require us to invest a significant amount of cash in movable medical equipment purchases. To the extent that such expenditures cannot be funded from our operating cash flow, borrowings under our new senior secured credit facility or other financing sources, we may not be able to conduct our business or to grow as currently planned. We currently expect that over the next 12 months we will invest approximately $38 million to $45 million in new equipment. In addition, a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations must be dedicated to servicing our debt and there will be significant restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness under the indenture governing our 10.125% senior notes due 2011, which we refer to as the notes, and our new senior secured credit facility.
Primarily because of our debt service obligations, we have had a history of net losses. If we continue to incur net losses, this could result in our inability to finance our business in the future. We had net losses of $5.1 million, $5.1 million, $3.6 million, $0.2 million and $19.5 million for the years ended 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. Our debt service obligations will continue to be substantial under our new senior secured credit facility and the notes.
If we are unable to change the manner in which health care providers traditionally procure medical equipment, we may not be able to achieve significant revenue growth.
We believe that the strongest competition to our outsourcing programs is the traditional purchase or lease alternative for obtaining movable medical equipment. Currently, many acute care hospitals and alternate site providers view outsourcing primarily as a means of
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meeting short-term or peak supplemental needs, rather than as a long-term, effective, cost efficient alternative to purchase or leasing equipment. Many health care providers may continue to purchase or lease a substantial portion of their movable medical equipment. If health care providers do not change the manner in which they procure their medical equipment, we may not be able to achieve significant growth.
Our competitors may engage in significant price competition or liquidate significant amounts of surplus equipment, thereby decreasing the demand for outsourcing services and possibly causing us to reduce the rates we charge for our services.
In a number of our geographic and product markets, we compete with one principal competitor and various smaller equipment outsourcing companies that may compete primarily on the basis of price. These competitors may offer certain customers lower prices depending on utilization levels and other factors. Our largest outsourcing competitor, MEDIQ/PRN Life Support Services, Inc., is a subsidiary of MEDIQ Incorporated. On February 2, 2004, MEDIQ was acquired by Hillenbrand Industries. Hillenbrand is a publicly traded holding company serving the healthcare and funeral services industries. Hillenbrands Hill-Rom subsidiary is a leading provider of therapy bed rentals and a manufacturer of hospital furniture. Hillenbrand has announced its intention to integrate MEDIQs operations into its Hill-Rom subsidiary. MEDIQ/PRN may engage in competitive practices that may undercut our pricing. In addition, MEDIQ/PRN may liquidate significant amounts of surplus equipment, thereby decreasing the demand for outsourcing services and possibly causing us to reduce the rates we may charge for our services.
We have relationships with certain key suppliers, and adverse developments concerning these suppliers could delay our ability to procure equipment or increase our cost of purchasing equipment.
We purchased our movable medical equipment from approximately 106 manufacturers and our disposable medical supplies from approximately 121 suppliers in 2003. Our ten largest manufacturers of movable medical equipment, which supplied approximately 66% of our direct movable medical equipment purchases for 2003, were: Baxter Healthcare Corporation; Tyco International, Ltd. (Mallinckrodt and Kendall Healthcare Products Company); Alaris Medical Systems; Tri-Anim Health Services, Inc.; Datascope Corporation; Sims Deltec, Inc.; Respironics, Inc.; Sammons Preston Rolyan; Abbott Laboratories and Viasys Healthcare, Inc. Adverse developments concerning key suppliers or our relationships with them could force us to seek alternative sources for our movable medical equipment or to purchase such equipment on unfavorable terms. A delay in procuring equipment or an increase in the cost to purchase equipment could limit our ability to provide equipment to our customers on a timely and cost-effective basis.
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A substantial portion of our revenues come from customers with whom we do not have long-term commitments, and cancellations by or disputes with customers could decrease the amount of revenues we generate, thereby reducing our ability to operate and expand our business.
We derived approximately 62% of our outsourcing revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 from customers with whom we do not have any formal long-term commitment to use our programs. Our customers are generally not obligated to outsource our equipment under long-term commitments. In addition, many of our customers do not sign written agreements with us fixing the rights and obligations of the parties regarding matters such as billing, liability, warranty or use. Therefore, we face risks such as fluctuations in usage, inaccurate or false reporting of usage by customers and disputes over liabilities related to equipment use. Some of our AMPP total outsourcing programs with customers, under which we own substantially all of the movable medical equipment that they use and provide substantial staffing resources, are not subject to a written contract and could be terminated by the healthcare provider without notice or payment of any termination fee. Any such termination would make it difficult for us to generate cash flows and revenues sufficient to support our business.
If we are unable to renew our contracts with GPOs or IDNs, we may lose existing customers, thereby reducing the amount of revenues we generate.
Our past revenue growth and our strategy for future growth depends, in part, on access to the new customers granted by our major contracts with GPOs or IDNs such as Premier, MedAssets, Novation, and AmeriNet. The Premier contract expires in 2004, MedAssets in 2005, Novation in 2006 and AmeriNet in 2006. In the past, we have been able to renew such contracts. If we are unable to renew or replace our current GPO contracts when they are up for renewal, we may lose the existing business with the customers who are members of such GPOs.
Although we do not manufacture any medical equipment, our business entails the risk of claims related to the medical equipment that we outsource and service. We may not have adequate insurance to cover a claim, and it may be more expensive or difficult for us to obtain adequate insurance in the future.
We may be liable for claims related to the use of our movable medical equipment. Any such claims, if made, could make our business more expensive to operate and therefore less profitable. We may be subject to claims exceeding our insurance coverage or we may not be able to continue to obtain liability insurance at acceptable levels of cost and coverage. In addition, litigation relating to a claim could adversely affect our existing and potential customer relationships, create adverse public relations and divert managements time and resources from the operation of the business.
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Our growth strategy depends in part on our ability to successfully identify and manage our acquisitions and a failure to do so could impede our future revenue growth, thereby weakening our position in the industry with respect to our competitors.
As part of our growth strategy, we intend to pursue acquisitions or other strategic relationships within the health care industry that we believe will enable us to generate revenue growth and enhance our competitive position. Since July 1998, we have acquired six new businesses for an aggregate purchase price of $49.8 million. Future acquisitions may involve significant cash expenditures and operating losses that could impede our future revenue growth. In addition, our efforts to execute our acquisition strategy may be affected by our ability to identify suitable candidates and negotiate and close acquisitions. We regularly evaluate potential acquisitions, and we may be evaluating or engaging in acquisition negotiations at any time and from time to time. As of the date hereof, we have not entered into any agreements with respect to any material transactions. We may not be successful in acquiring other businesses, and the businesses we do acquire in the future may not ultimately produce returns that justify our related investment.
Acquisitions may involve numerous risks, including:
| | difficulties assimilating acquired personnel and integrating distinct business cultures; |
| | diversion of managements time and resources from existing operations; |
| | potential loss of key employees or customers of acquired companies; and |
| | exposure to unforeseen liabilities of acquired companies. |
If we are unable to continue to grow through acquisitions, our ability to generate revenue growth and enhance our competitive position would be impaired.
We depend on our sales representatives and service specialists, and may lose customers when any of our sales representatives and service specialists leave us.
Our sales growth has been supported by hiring and developing new sales representatives and adding, through acquisitions, established sales representatives whose existing customers generally have become our customers. We have experienced and will continue to experience intense competition for managers and experienced sales representatives. The success of our programs depends on the relationships developed between our sales representatives and our customers.
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Our operating income as a percentage of revenue fluctuates with our quarterly operating results, leading to fluctuations in cash flow during the second and third quarters of each year.
Our results of operations have been and can be expected to be subject to quarterly fluctuations. We may experience increased revenues in the first and fourth quarter of the year, depending upon the timing and severity of the cold and flu season and the related increased hospital census and movable medical equipment usage during that season. Because a significant portion of our expenses are relatively fixed over these periods, our operating income as a percentage of revenue tends to increase during the first and fourth quarter of each year. If the cold and flu season is delayed by as little as one month, or is less severe than in prior periods, our quarterly operating results for a current period can vary significantly from prior periods. Our quarterly results can also fluctuate as a result of other factors such as the timing of acquisitions, new AMPP agreements or new office openings.
Changes in reimbursement rates and policies by third-party payors for medical equipment costs may reduce the rates that providers can pay for our services, requiring us to reduce our rates or putting our ability to collect payments at risk.
Our health care provider customers, who pay us directly for the services we provide to them, rely on reimbursement from third party payors for a substantial portion of their operating revenue. These third party payors include both governmental payors, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and private payors, such as insurance companies and managed care organizations. There are widespread efforts to control health care costs in the United States by all of these payor groups. These cost containment initiatives have resulted in reimbursement policies based on fixed rates for a particular patient treatment that are unrelated to the providers actual costs or require health care providers to provide services on a discounted basis. Consequently, these reimbursement policies have a direct effect on health care providers ability to pay us for our services and an indirect effect on our level of charges. Ongoing concerns about rising health care costs may cause more restrictive reimbursement policies to be implemented in the future. Restrictions on the amounts or manner of reimbursements to health care providers may affect their willingness and ability to pay for the services we provide and may adversely affect our customers. Such restrictions could require us to reduce the rates we charge or could put at risk our ability to collect payments owed to us.
In periods when significant health care reform initiatives were under consideration and uncertainty remained as to their likely outcome, our profits have decreased as the cost of doing business has increased. If other significant health care reform initiatives occur, they may have a similar, negative effect.
Because the regulatory and political environment for health care significantly influences the capital equipment procurement decisions of health care providers, our ability to generate profits has historically been adversely affected in periods when significant
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health care reform initiatives were under consideration and uncertainty remained as to their likely outcome. To the extent general cost containment pressures on health care spending and reimbursement reform, or uncertainty as to possible reform, causes acute care hospitals and alternate site providers to defer the procurement of medical equipment, reduce their capital expenditures or change significantly their utilization of medical equipment, we could experience an increase in the cost of doing business, thereby leading to difficulty generating profits sufficient to support our business.
A portion of our revenues are derived from home care providers and nursing homes, and these health care providers may pose additional credit risks.
We may incur losses in the future due to the bankruptcy filings of our nursing home and home care customers. We derived approximately 17% of our revenues for each of the years ended December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2003 from alternate site providers such as home care providers and nursing homes. We expect that we will continue to derive a portion of our revenues from alternative care providers. Such providers may pose additional credit risks, since they are generally less financially sound than hospitals. Nursing homes in particular have experienced significant financial problems since the implementation of Balanced Budget Act of 1997.
The interests of our major stockholders may conflict with your interests and these stockholders could cause us to take action that would be against your interests.
J.W. Childs Equity Partners, L.P., or JWC Fund I, J.W. Childs Equity Partners III, L.P., or JWC Fund III, and Halifax Capital Partners, L.P., or Halifax, and their respective affiliates beneficially own shares representing approximately 91.1% of our fully diluted common equity. Accordingly, these stockholders have the power to elect our board of directors, appoint new management and approve any action requiring a stockholder vote, including amendments to our certificate of incorporation and approving mergers or sales of substantially all of our assets. Such concentration of voting power could have the effect of deterring and preventing a change of control of our company that might otherwise be beneficial to our security