SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
| x | Annual Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2003
or
| Transition Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File No. 000-16723
RESPIRONICS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 25-1304989 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) | |
| 1010 Murry Ridge Lane Murrysville, Pennsylvania |
15668-8525 | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | |
(Registrants Telephone Number, including area code) 724-387-5200
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class |
Name of each exchange on which registered | |
| None | |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter periods that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for at least the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨
As of August 31, 2003, the aggregate market value of the shares of the registrants Common Stock (based upon the last price reported by the NASDAQ National Market System) held by non-affiliates was approximately $1,390,000.
As of August 31, 2003, there were 37,611,205 shares of Common Stock of the registrant outstanding, of which 3,548,399 were held in treasury.
Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of the Proxy Statement for the registrants Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on November 18, 2003 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
| Page | ||||
| PART I |
||||
| Item 1. |
Business | 3 | ||
| Item 2. |
Properties | 14 | ||
| Item 3. |
Legal Proceedings | 15 | ||
| Item 4. |
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 15 | ||
| PART II |
||||
| Item 5. |
Market for Registrants Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters | 16 | ||
| Item 6. |
Selected Financial Data | 17 | ||
| Item 7. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition | 18 | ||
| Item 7A. |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 24 | ||
| Item 8. |
Consolidated Financial Statements | 27 | ||
| Item 9. |
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 50 | ||
| Item 9A. |
Controls and Procedures | 50 | ||
| PART III |
||||
| Item 10. |
Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant | 51 | ||
| Item 11. |
Executive Compensation | 51 | ||
| Item 12. |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | 51 | ||
| Item 13. |
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions | 51 | ||
| Item 14. |
Principal Accounting Fees and Services | 51 | ||
| PART IV |
||||
| Item 15. |
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K | 52 | ||
| 54 | ||||
2
PART I
CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR PURPOSES OF THE SAFE HARBOR PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES REFORM ACT OF 1995.
The statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including those contained in Item 1 Business and Item 7 Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition, and statements incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K from the 2003 Annual Report to Shareholders, along with statements in other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, external documents and oral presentations which are not historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21B of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements represent the Companys present expectations or beliefs concerning future events. The Company cautions that such statements are qualified by important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the expected results included in the forward-looking statements. Those factors include, but are not limited to, the following: foreign currency fluctuations, regulations and other factors affecting operations and sales outside the United States including potential future effects of the change in sovereignty of Hong Kong, customer consolidation and concentration, increasing price competition and other competitive factors in the sale of products, the success of the Companys marketing, sales, and promotion programs, interest rate fluctuations, intellectual property and related litigation, other litigation, successful integration of acquisitions, FDA and other government regulation, anticipated levels of earnings and revenues, and third party reimbursement.
| Item 1. | Business |
Note: This document contains a variety of technical terms pertaining to the Companys business, which are explained below:
Continuous positive airway pressure or CPAP continuous air pressure into a patients airway provided by an air pressurization device
Bi-level positive airway pressure air pressure provided to a patients airway by an air pressurization device under which the pressure is higher during inhalation and lower during exhalation
Bi-level non-invasive ventilatory support bi-level positive airway pressure provided into the patients airway via a mask to supplement, but not replace, the patients own breathing
Invasive volume ventilators a ventilator that delivers a mixture of room air and oxygen into a patients lungs via a tube inserted into the patients airway; these patients are dependent on the ventilator for life support
Non-invasive monitors devices that provide measurements of a patients physiological data via sensors that are affixed outside the patients body (e.g., a small clip that fits over a patients fingertip)
Leak sensing technology a feature of the Companys bi-level non-invasive units whereby the units sense that an air leak has occurred between the mask and the patients face and the unit adjusts its air flow to compensate for the leak
Molecular sieve material used in oxygen concentrators for separating oxygen from room air
Tracheal gas insufflation a means of reducing elevated levels of carbon dioxide in patients being treated with ventilators
3
General
Respironics, Inc. is a leading developer, manufacturer and marketer of medical devices used primarily for the treatment of patients suffering from respiratory disorders. The Companys products are designed to reduce costs while improving the effectiveness of patient care and are used primarily in the home and in hospitals along with alternative care facilities and in emergency medical settings. The Companys primary product lines are: (i) homecare products, including continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices and bi-level positive airway pressure devices used in the home for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a serious disorder characterized by the repeated cessation of breathing during sleep, respiratory devices including bi-level non-invasive ventilatory support units, portable invasive volume ventilator units used in the home, home oxygen devices, diagnostic and monitoring systems, developmental care products used for premature infants, and asthma and allergy devices used in the home; and (ii) hospital products, including bi-level non-invasive ventilatory support units, critical care units that can deliver both non-invasive and invasive ventilation, noninvasive cardio-respiratory monitors, sensors, and related disposable accessories, and asthma and allergy products, all of which are used in hospital or institutional settings. Respironics markets its products through homecare, hospital, asthma and allergy, and international sales organizations, which consist of approximately 440 direct and independent sales representatives and sales management personnel who sell to a network of over 5,000 medical product service providers and dealers (commonly referred to as dealers) and, in some cases, directly to hospitals and other institutions. The Company also rents certain of its products to dealers and, in limited cases, directly to end-users. With over 80% of its sales currently reaching the home care market, Respironics believes that it is well positioned to take advantage of the growing preference for in-home treatment of patients suffering from respiratory disorders.
Respironics is a Delaware corporation with executive offices located at 1010 Murry Ridge Lane, Murrysville, PA 15668-8525. Unless the context indicates otherwise, reference in this Annual Report to the Company or Respironics refers to Respironics, Inc. and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries. Unless the context indicates otherwise, reference in this Annual Report to fiscal year refers to the twelve-month period ending on June 30 of the year indicated.
In April 2002, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding common stock of Novametrix Medical Systems Inc. (Novametrix), a leading cardio-respiratory monitoring company that developed, manufactured, and marketed proprietary state-of-the-art noninvasive monitors, sensors, and disposable accessories along with developmental care products for premature infants. The Company issued 2,400,000 shares of its common stock to the former stockholders of Novametrix in exchange for their Novametrix shares and reserved 509,000 shares of its common stock for future issuance upon exercise of options and warrants issued in exchange for Novametrix options and warrants outstanding. The total value of the Companys shares issued and reserved for issuance (net of proceeds from exercise of options and warrants) in the transaction was $80,996,000. The results of operations of Novametrix are included in the Companys consolidated income statement beginning on the acquisition date, April 12, 2002.
In May 2002, the Company acquired a 60% controlling interest in Fuji RC Kabushiki Kaisha (Fuji), a leading provider of homecare and hospital products and services for respiratory-impaired patients in Japan, and entered into an agreement to purchase all of the remaining outstanding shares of Fuji in four annual installments of $1,433,000, the last of which is due on December 31, 2006. Including the fixed-price forward contract and costs directly associated with the acquisition, the base cash purchase price for all of the outstanding shares is approximately $12,662,000 with provisions for additional payments to one of the shareholders of Fuji to be made based on the operating performance of Fuji over the next four years, payable on December 31, 2006. The results of operations of Fuji are included in the Companys consolidated income statement beginning on the acquisition date, May 31, 2002. See Note P to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information about these acquisitions.
The following are registered trademarks of the Company as used in this document: Respironics, REMstar, Virtuoso, Encore, Encore SmartCard, Soft Series, Tranquility, Smart Monitor, ASSESS, Personal Best, Wallaby, GoldSeal, Gel Mask, Inspiration, Esprit, AsthmaCheck, OptiHaler, BiPAP, BiPAP Vision, PLV, Synchrony, H2, Image3, OptiChamber, Alice, Stardust, AsthmaMentor, and BiliChek. The following are trademarks of the Company as used in this document: Contour Deluxe, Respironics Millennium, Profile, Simplicity, Comfort Series, ComfortSelect, ComfortClassic, Total, ComfortFull, and SleepLink.
4
Products
The Companys principal products can be divided into two categories: homecare products and hospital products.
Homecare Products
The Companys homecare products can be separated into six major subcategories: sleep products, non-invasive ventilation products, invasive portable volume ventilation products, oxygen products, infant management and developmental care products, and asthma and allergy products used in the home.
Sleep Products. Respironics believes it is the worldwide market share leader in OSA therapy devices. The Companys primary OSA products include the REMstar CPAP Series, the BiPAP Pro and Tranquility bi-level units, and related accessories such as humidifiers, masks, tubes, filters and headgear.
The Companys CPAP devices consist of a small, portable air pressurization device, an air pressure control and a mask worn by the patient at home during sleep. The REMstar Series CPAP systems are low-cost, innovative OSA therapy devices that meet the Companys strategy of offering units at all key price points and represent standard state-of-the-art CPAP systems that provide high-quality treatment options at an economical price. The REMstar Auto CPAP system utilizes innovative technology to monitor the patients airway and adjust output automatically in order to deliver the appropriate pressure. The REMstar Pro and REMstar Auto also feature built-in memory to record patient usage and quality of life data. The Companys Encore SmartCard is an easy-to-use device to retrieve this patient data, update air pressure settings, and change modes of operations for certain of the Companys CPAP and bi-level devices by utilizing specially developed data management software that is programmed onto the credit card sized Encore SmartCard. The new C-Flex technology provides OSA sufferers with a more comfortable treatment for sleep apnea versus traditional CPAP by tracking the patients breathing to ensure the optimal amount of pressure is delivered at exhalation. The C-Flex technology is currently available on the Companys REMstar Pro and will be extended to other devices in the future.
The BiPAP Pro and the Tranquility Bi-level System are the Companys primary bi-level OSA units. These units sense the patients breathing cycle and adjust the pressure accordingly. The BiPAP Pro units also contain advanced leak-sensing technology, which improves the units pressure adjustment capability. Bi-level units are used to treat severe OSA and are useful in improving acceptance of therapy by patients who have difficulty tolerating CPAP.
The Company also offers both integrated and stand-alone humidifiers as accessories to support its strategy of enhancing patient adherence to the therapy provided by its CPAP and bi-level devices. Humidifying the air that flows into the patients airway provides more comfortable therapy for certain patients.
The Company also provides masks used with CPAP and bi-level devices including the Comfort Series (consisting of the Respironics Profile Lite, ComfortSelect, ComfortClassic, and Respironics Simplicity masks), the Contour nasal mask, the Gel Mask and GoldSeal masks, the Soft Series Nasal Mask, and Respironics Total FaceMask. The Company believes that its nasal mask products were the first masks to adequately seal on a patients face for nasal CPAP delivery, thereby minimizing patient discomfort and promoting increased patient compliance with prescribed usage. The Companys nasal mask products are all designed to enhance patient comfort by utilizing a variety of shapes and designs and a variety of cushion materials to create a comfortable mask seal around the contours of the face while delivering effective CPAP and bi-level therapy. Full Face Masks address the needs of specific patient groups for whom CPAP and bi-level therapy is delivered most effectively and comfortably through masks that cover the mouth and nose.
5
Respironics also manufactures and distributes a wide range of technologically advanced computer-based products for use in the diagnosis of sleep related disorders. The Company provides advanced, technically proficient clinical products for use in sleep disorders laboratories (commonly known as a sleep lab). The Company also provides products for patient testing in the home that allow clinicians to expand the number of patients who can be served by a traditional sleep disorders lab.
The Companys primary sleep diagnostic product is the Alice System. Alice is a computer-based system for use in sleep labs and other clinical settings. It is capable of recording up to 25 channels of physiological data, which are stored on either a desktop or portable computer prior to permanent storage on optical cartridges. In addition to acquiring and storing the patients physiological data, the Alice system utilizes physician input and internal algorithms to provide a comprehensive range of reports for clinical analysis. Alice can be used on either infants or adults and separate software programs were developed specifically for each type of patient.
The Company also manufactures and markets Stardust, a palm-sized portable sleep system that monitors up to seven channels of physiological data for up to ten hours per patient and features pre-programmed host software that simplifies data analysis. Among other factors, Stardust is distinguished by its physiological sensors that are specifically designed for use in the home. These sensors record a variety of patient data and the information is subsequently sent to the sleep lab or other clinical setting where it is interpreted by a trained clinician.
The Synchrony Sleep Lab System, consisting of the Synchrony pressure generator and a palm-sized remote control unit, is used by clinicians in prescribing therapy for the treatment of adult OSA once a diagnosis has been made.
The Company estimates that in the U.S. there are currently more than 2,500 sleep labs located at hospitals, other medical centers, and freestanding sites where pulmonologists, technicians and other medical professionals diagnose OSA (as well as other sleep disorders) and then prescribe the appropriate treatment. Such sleep labs provide the most frequent source of patient introductions to the Companys homecare sleep products.
The OSA patient can purchase or rent the Companys OSA therapy products from home medical equipment service provider and dealer locations throughout most of the world. Personnel at each of these locations are generally equipped to train the patient in the products use and to maintain and service the product. See Sales, Distribution, and Marketing. The retail price for a CPAP unit ranges from $1,100 to $1,600, depending on type of unit, geographical market and whether certain accessories are purchased. The retail price for a bi-level OSA unit generally ranges from $2,300 to $3,200, depending on which model is purchased. The Companys sleep diagnostic products are sold through dealers and directly to clinical sites.
Non-invasive Ventilation Products. The Company believes it is the leading manufacturer and marketer of non-invasive ventilatory support devices in the U.S. Such devices are intended to augment the ventilation of a spontaneously breathing patient, but are not intended to satisfy the total ventilatory requirements of the patient.
The Companys principal non-invasive ventilatory support product is the BiPAP Synchrony Ventilatory Support System. This device is a low-pressure, electrically-driven flow generator with an electronic pressure control designed to augment patient breathing by supplying pressurized air to the patient. This device senses the patients breathing and adjusts its output to assist in inhalation and exhalation. Additionally, the device compensates for mask leaks, which often occur in the delivery of ventilatory support to the patient, thereby providing what the Company believes is a more efficient and consistent non-invasive therapy than competing ventilators. The face masks described above are also used with the non-invasive ventilatory support units.
The Company believes that its non-invasive ventilatory support product has the potential for increasing patient comfort by adapting to the patients breathing cycles as opposed to requiring the patient to adapt his breathing to the ventilator cycles and by delivering therapy effectively with a patient mask rather than requiring intubation. The retail price for the unit, which ranges from $6,000 to $8,000, also compares favorably to the cost of invasive ventilators, which generally retail for $10,000 to $28,000.
6
Invasive Ventilation Products. The Company believes that it is one of the leading manufacturers and marketers of invasive portable volume ventilators that are used in the home by individuals who are dependent on the ventilators for continuous life support.
The Companys principal invasive portable volume ventilator is the PLV-100, a microprocessor-controlled, electrically powered unit specifically designed for long-term use in the home and also suitable for transport, short-term, and institutional use. The PLV-100 can be used to ventilate a wide range of patients. The small, lightweight unit delivers volume ventilation through the operation of a piston inside the unit, and it can be powered by normal AC power or DC battery power and can be operated in three different ventilation modes depending on the patients needs. The unit features a variety of alarms and displays to alert clinicians and caregivers to changes in the patients pulmonary status or to possible unit malfunction. The Company manufactures and distributes different versions of the PLV-100 for international markets based on language differences, and it also manufactures and distributes a variety of accessories for use with the PLV-100. The PLV-100 unit and related accessories reach end-user patients primarily through the Companys network of medical product dealers who purchase or rent the unit from the Company and resell or rent it to end-users. In certain limited cases, the Company rents these units directly to end-users.
Oxygen Products. The Companys principal oxygen products are oxygen concentrators, which provide a continuous flow of oxygen by separating it from room air with a molecular sieve composed of an inorganic silicate. Oxygen concentrators are generally used in the home by patients who require supplemental oxygen. Supplemental oxygen is prescribed for people with a variety of chronic pulmonary disorders, such as lung cancer, emphysema, bronchitis or acute pneumonia. These individuals generally rent an oxygen delivery system from a home medical equipment dealer. The Company believes it is currently one of the leaders in the manufacture and sale of oxygen concentrators in the United States.
The Companys primary oxygen concentrator product is the Respironics Millennium. This unit is designed to be easy to maintain and service and is suitable for chronic patients in the advanced stages of illness and for the less severe respiratory patient. The Respironics Millennium also features a low sound level and is mobile, both of which are important features for devices such as this that are used in the home.
The Company also manufactures and markets oximeter products for use in the home. The units, which allow the caregiver to take readings of the patients blood oxygen levels and pulse rate, feature the capability to store up to 18 hours of data. This data can be later downloaded via the Companys software, which prints reports for oximetry analysis.
Infant Management and Developmental Care Products. The Companys primary infant management products are monitoring devices designed for infants at risk for sudden infant death syndrome or SIDS. SIDS is the sudden unexpected death of an infant that remains unexplained after investigation and is one of the leading causes of death in the United States of infants between one month and one year of age. Despite extensive research, the causes of SIDS remain unknown. High-risk infants who are prescribed home monitors include infants with low birth weight, those who are premature, those who survive serious cardiorespiratory episodes, and those born to a family with a SIDS incident history. There are limited alternative monitoring technologies generally available.
The Companys primary infant monitor is the Smart Monitor, a fifth-generation microprocessor-based design that incorporates many aspects of a physiological recorder into the traditional monitor. In addition to sounding an alarm to alert the parents, the Smart Monitor documents patient episodes with an internal electronic memory system, enabling physicians to study up to six channels of patient waveforms in order to assess the medical significance of the alarm episodes and determine the need for continued monitoring or possible hospitalization. The data collected by the Smart Monitor can be transmitted from the home to a clinical center over phone lines or can be extracted from the Smart Monitor using a memory transfer device such as a computer.
7
The Company also manufactures and markets the Wallaby II Phototherapy System, a cost-effective, home-based alternative to conventional overhead phototherapy lights for treating newborn jaundice, a condition which is caused by elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood and which, in severe cases, can result in brain damage.
The Company also manufactures and markets the BiliChek Non-Invasive Bilirubin Analyzer, a non-invasive device that measures the level of bilirubin in the blood of infants. The current method of measuring bilirubin levels to diagnose jaundice in infants, the heel stick, involves drawing blood from the infant and is a painful, costly and time consuming procedure. BiliChek replaces the heel stick by analyzing reflected light shined on an infants forehead to generate immediate and painless test results at a low cost. The Company acquired the BiliChek line of products from SpectRx, Inc. on March 6, 2003. Prior to the acquisition, the Company had exclusive distribution rights in the United States and Canada for the BiliChek. The device has received clearance to market from the FDA for infants before, during, and after phototherapy treatment.
The Company also markets developmental care products and services designed to improve the quality of care for premature infants. These developmental care products are designed to meet the unique needs of premature infants, including appropriately sized infant care products, safety equipment, and specialty feeding and skin care products. The Company also offers related education products and programs. The Companys developmental care products are used in the home and in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units of hospitals.
The Company also distributes several models of medication nebulizers, which dispense medication in a fine mist for inhalation deep into the lungs, under the trade name Inspiration. The primary uses for nebulizers have been in the treatment of respiratory diseases, such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis, and conditions such as asthma or allergies. The Companys models utilize a compressor to direct a flow of air through the nebulizer chamber that contains medication in liquid form. An increase in the number of available respiratory medications in recent years, coupled with the cost and efficacy of aerosol delivery methods, has contributed to the growth of this market.
Sales of homecare products and all related accessories and replacement parts accounted for 81%, 85%, and 87%, of the Companys net sales for its fiscal years 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.
Hospital Products
The Company has three major hospital product groups: therapeutic devices that assist or control a patients ventilation; cardio-respiratory monitoring devices that provide information about a patients condition; and asthma and allergy products.
The Companys primary therapeutic devices are the BiPAP Vision and the Esprit. The BiPAP Vision is a non-invasive ventilatory support device designed specifically for hospital use and features an oxygen module, provides higher flow and pressure functions than the Companys other non-invasive units, and is designed to be easily upgradeable. The BiPAP Vision also includes integrated airway pressure monitoring, an integrated display screen, a disposable circuit, and a mounting stand, all of which are designed to allow the unit to be used more easily in delivering non-invasive ventilatory support in the hospital environment.
The Company also manufactures and markets the Esprit, a ventilator designed for use in the hospital and institutional settings. Esprit is designed to effectively deliver both invasive and noninvasive ventilation, thus eliminating the need to use two separate ventilators for one patient and allowing it to be used throughout the continuum of patient care. Esprit features a graphical user interface with an infrared touch screen, alarm and status indicators designed to allow rapid assessment of alarm conditions and patient status, and is designed to be easily upgradeable.
The Company also manufactures, distributes, and rents several other hospital ventilation products, including a version of the PLV-100 designed more specifically for institutional use, and a variety of masks, tubing and headgear similar to those used in the homecare market described above along with certain other accessories specifically designed for hospital and institutional use.
The Company also manufactures and markets cardio-respiratory monitors, sensors and related disposable accessories. These electronic devices provide the measurements and continuous display of a patients cardiac output, carbon dioxide, oxygen saturation, and respiratory mechanics parameters. The sensors for the Companys devices are designed so that this patient data can be gathered non-invasively. Noninvasive monitoring offers advantages over invasive monitoring, including a reduced likelihood of infection and other associated complications that can result from invasive monitoring. The Companys cardio-respiratory monitoring devices are used in hospital operating rooms, intensive care units, emergency departments, and while transporting patients to or within the hospital.
8
The market for asthma devices is comprised primarily of peak flow meters and drug delivery systems, including spacer devices. A peak flow meter provides an objective measure of lung function and is used by the patient at home to assist in the management of asthma. A spacer, when used with a metered dose inhaler (MDI), facilitates the delivery of asthma medications. The Company believes that it is currently the national leader in the sale of peak flow meters, marketing products that include the ASSESS, AsthmaMentor, and AsthmaCheck peak flow meters and the portable peak flow meter, Personal Best. The Company also markets two spacer products known as OptiChamber and OptiHaler. The revised National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP) Guidelines issued in March 1997 have placed further emphasis on the use of peak flow meters and spacers to ensure effective asthma management. OptiChamber represents an important growth area based upon NAEPPs expanded indications for MDI anti-inflammatory therapy, including new recommendations for use with children under five years of age.
Sales of hospital products and accessories accounted for 19%, 15%, and 13% of the Companys net sales for fiscal years 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively.
Manufacturing and Properties
The Company owns or leases its manufacturing, office and warehouse facilities. The Companys major facilities and their primary uses are summarized below:
| Square Feet |
Owned/Leased | |||
| United States: |
||||
| Murrysville, Pennsylvania (offices) |
55,000 | Owned | ||
| Murrysville, Pennsylvania (offices) |
20,000 | Leased | ||
| Murrysville, Pennsylvania (manufacturing) |
116,000 | Owned | ||
| Plum Borough, Pennsylvania (offices and warehouse) |
22,000 | Leased | ||
| Kennesaw, Georgia (manufacturing) |
129,000 | Leased | ||
| Carlsbad, California (manufacturing) |
85,000 | Leased | ||
| Wallingford, Connecticut (manufacturing) |
53,000 | Leased | ||
| Cedar Grove, New Jersey (offices) |
10,333 | Leased | ||
| Youngwood, Pennsylvania (warehouse) |
101,000 | Leased | ||
| Edison, New Jersey (warehouse) |
6,800 | Leased | ||
| Houston, Texas (warehouse) |
7,200 | Leased | ||
| Concord, California (warehouse) |
6,800 | Leased | ||
| La Mirada, California (warehouse) |
6,400 | Leased | ||
| International: |
||||
| Hong Kong (offices) |
15,500 | Leased | ||
| Shenzhen, China (manufacturing) |
99,700 | Leased | ||
| Subic Bay, Philippines (manufacturing) |
22,700 | Leased | ||
| Tokyo, Japan (offices) |
4,600 | Leased | ||
| Saitama City, Japan (warehouse) |
7,400 | Leased | ||
| Herrsching, Germany (offices and warehouse) |
18,590 | Leased | ||
| Nantes, France (offices and warehouse) |
6,100 | Leased | ||
| Paris, France (offices) |
3,400 | Leased | ||
9
The Company also has approximately 50 sales and service centers throughout Japan, each of which is approximately 700 square feet in size and is leased.
Operations in the Far East and Europe are subject to the risks normally associated with foreign operations including, but not limited to, foreign currency fluctuations, possible changes in export or import restrictions and the modification or introduction of other governmental policies with potentially adverse effects.
The Company believes that its present facilities are suitable and adequate for its current and presently anticipated future needs. While several facilities are extensively utilized, additional productive capacity is available through a variety of means including augmenting the current partial second shift work schedule at the United States facilities. Rental space, which the Company believes is readily available and reasonably priced near each current location, could be utilized as well. The Company also owns land adjacent to the site on which the Murrysville manufacturing facility listed above is located. Future expansion in Murrysville, if needed, could take place on this land.
In March 2001, the Company sold its Westminster, Colorado facility that had been closed as part of the Companys July 1999 restructuring. A gain of approximately $2,000,000 was recorded on the sale. See Note O to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
The Company generally performs all major assembly work on all of its products. It manufactures many of the plastic components for its face mask products and uses subcontractors to supply certain other components. The Company believes that the raw materials for nearly all of its products are readily available from a number of suppliers.
Sales, Distribution and Marketing
The Company sells and, in some cases, rents its products primarily to home medical equipment service providers and hospital dealers. These parties in turn resell and rent the Companys products to end-users. The Company also sells certain of its products directly to hospitals. The Companys products reach its customers in the United States primarily through the Companys field network, which consists of 35 national and regional management employees, 125 direct sales representatives and sales support specialists, 40 independent manufacturers representatives, and over 5,000 medical products distributors (also referred to as dealers).
The Company manages its U.S. dealer network through the direct sales force and independent manufacturers representatives. The Companys sales management team includes a Vice President of Homecare Sales, a Vice President of Homecare Marketing, a Vice President of Hospital Sales and Marketing, a Vice President of Hospital Sales, a Vice President of Asthma and Allergy Sales, 19 Regional Sales Managers, and 13 National Accounts Managers. This team directs the activities of the independent manufacturers representatives, direct sales representatives, and sales support specialists.
The Companys international sales efforts are conducted through a President of International Sales, a Vice President of Europe, Africa, and Middle East Sales, a Vice President of Asia Pacific Sales and Marketing, and a Director of Latin American Sales and Marketing. The Company also has direct sales representatives and a customer satisfaction staff in the Far East, Germany and France. Total international sales force for the Company is approximately 240 individuals, including management, account managers, sales support specialists, and direct sales representatives. The Companys international sales employees sell products from both the Homecare and Hospital product groups. International sales accounted for approximately 26% of the Companys net sales for the 2003 fiscal year, and 20% for fiscal years 2002 and 2001.
The Companys program-oriented approach to doing business with homecare dealer customers (who are also referred to as providers), Power Programs for Providers, incorporate specific products with a package of diagnostic tools and other educational materials. The programs are designed to support a providers desire to offer the finest care possible while assisting the provider in growing its business. The Company currently offers five Power Programs: Sleep Management, Chronic Respiratory Management,
Total Ventilation Solutions, Asthma Management, and Neonatal and Infant Care.
10
The Companys marketing organization is currently staffed by Product Managers, who are assigned to each of the Companys principal product groups. The Product Managers stay abreast of changes in the marketplace, with an emphasis on product use specifications, features, price, promotions, education, training and distribution.
The Company has relationships with a variety of key customers. Some of these relationships are based on written supply agreements, while others are not. Most of these relationships are terminable at will or upon short notice periods. Maintaining positive relationships with these customers is a key element of the Companys sales and marketing strategy. Failure to maintain these relationships could adversely affect the Companys future results of operations.
The Companys U.S. dealer customer base (which ranges in size from large, publicly held dealers with several hundred branch locations to small, owner-operated dealers with one location) continues to undergo consolidation, particularly among dealers specializing in homecare products. The impact on the Company of this customer consolidation is likely to continue to be reduced selling prices for the Companys products as a result of greater purchasing power and market dominance enjoyed by larger customers.
During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2003, one customer accounted for 10% of net sales. While other similar national homecare dealer customers in the U.S. accounted individually for less than 10% of sales, these customers collectively constitute an important market for the Companys products.
The Company offers leasing programs to certain of its customers through arrangements with independent leasing companies. In some cases, these arrangements call for the Company to be contingently liable, in the event of a customer default, to the leasing companies for certain unpaid installment receivables initiated by or transferred to the leasing companies. The Companys total exposure for unpaid installment receivables under these leasing programs was approximately $13,196,000 and $30,254,000 at June 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. See Note J to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
Competition
The Company believes that the principal competitive factors in all of its markets are product and service performance and innovation, efficient distribution and competitive price. Price competition has become more intense in the last several years. In the case of a number of the Companys and its competitors products, patent protection is becoming more prevalent and of increasing competitive importance. The Company competes on a product-by-product basis with various other companies, some of which have significantly greater financial and marketing resources and broader product lines.
The Company believes that it is a U.S. market leader in the major markets in which it competes: sleep disorders, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and allergy, and infant care products. However, other manufacturers, including other larger and more experienced manufacturers of home healthcare products, are active in these markets and the Company expects that competition will increase. In its major product lines, the Company competes with two principal competitors, Mallinckrodt Inc. (Mallinckrodt) (which was acquired by Tyco International Ltd (Tyco) in October 2000) and ResMed, Inc. (ResMed). Mallinckrodt, which is the Companys largest major competitor and has the greatest financial resources of the Companys competitors, offers an array of products that compete with many of the Companys major products. ResMed competes with the Company in the OSA and non-invasive ventilatory support markets. The Company also competes with Invacare Corp., Viasys Healthcare Inc., Dräger AG, Siemens AG, Vital Signs, Inc., Monaghan Medical Corp., Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Corp. Ltd., and with divisions of Sunrise Medical, Inc. Additionally, the Company competes with a number of foreign manufacturers, primarily in their local overseas markets and, to a lesser extent, in the domestic market.
Similar to the Companys customer base, the medical device manufacturing industry is also undergoing consolidation. Several of the Companys competitors have been involved in acquisitions. The impact on the Company of this competitor consolidation is likely to be greater competition from medical device manufacturers that can utilize the financial and technical resources that may be made available as a result of the consolidation.
11
Research and Development
The Company believes that its ability to identify product opportunities, to respond to the needs of cardiopulmonary and other physicians and their patients in the treatment of respiratory and other disorders and to incorporate the latest technological innovations into its medical products has been and will continue to be important to its success. The Companys research and development efforts are focused on understanding the problems faced by cardiopulmonary physicians and their patients needs and on maintaining the Companys technological leadership in its core product areas. The Company maintains both formal and informal relationships with physician practitioners and researchers to supplement these research and development efforts. The Companys research and development efforts enable it to capitalize on opportunities in the respiratory medical product market by upgrading its current products as well as developing new products.
The Company conducts substantially all of its research and development for existing and potential new products in the U.S. The Company currently employs approximately 225 engineers, technicians, and support personnel in such activities. The research and development staff performs overall conceptual design work for all products and the design work related to the manufacturing, engineering and tooling for products manufactured by the Company. The Company spent approximately $24,047,000 (4% of net sales) in fiscal year 2003, $17,317,000 (3% of net sales) in fiscal year 2002, and $15,281,000 (4% of net sales) in fiscal year 2001 to support product enhancement and new product development.
The Company introduced new products in all of its core product areas during fiscal years 2001, 2002, and 2003. New product introductions included next generation CPAP units, such as the new Remstar Pro with C-Flex and Remstar Plus True Compliance, next generation BiPap devices including the BiPAP Synchrony and BiPAP Pro, the H2 Heated Humidifier, new sleep diagnostic products including the Stardust II, software enhancements to the Esprit ventilation system, a variety of new face mask products, and several new infant management products and asthma devices. The Company expects to release a variety of new devices in its core product areas in fiscal year 2004. In some cases, initial distribution has been, and will be, conducted in international markets until regulatory clearance to market in the U.S. is obtained. See Regulatory Matters.
In addition to its development efforts in its core product areas, the Company is actively pursuing product development activities in a variety of new markets, including congestive heart failure, tracheal gas insufflation, humidification, and other sleep disorders including insomnia. Tracheal gas insufflation involves developing a system focused on reducing carbon dioxide blood gas levels in many ventilator patients with elevated carbon dioxide levels. The Company is also developing a hospital humidification system designed to provide optimal humidification at lower usage cost than current products.
Clinical research has indicated that as many as 50% of the patients with congestive heart failure also have sleep disorder breathing including Cheyne-Stokes Respiration (CSR), a form of apnea with abnormal breathing patterns. According to a first-ever randomized clinical trial of patients with heart failure conducted at Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Mount Sinai Hospital and the Toronto Rehabilitation Institute in March 2003, heart function can be significantly improved in patients with congestive heart failure when treating the underlying sleep disorder with positive pressure therapy. The Company believes that if both of these conditions are identified and treated, the apneas associated with each condition can be eliminated and the quality of life and overall health of these patients can be improved. Additionally, the Company believes that positive pressure therapy may eliminate CSR events and their effects on heart failure, reduce the circulatory congestion associated with heart failure, and improve the pumping efficiency of the heart into the patients circulatory system. Research, including clinical trials, is being conducted to evaluate the long-term effects of positive pressure therapy on the heart. The Company is also in discussion with the FDA regarding the technical and clinical information that would be necessary to market a device for certain congestive heart failure applications.
12
Patents, Trademarks and Licenses
The Company seeks patent protection for certain of its products through the prosecution and acquisition of patents and exclusive licensing arrangements. In addition, the Company aggressively defends its patents when infringed by other companies. The Company currently has approximately 334 U.S. and foreign patents (compared to 278 as of June 30, 2002) and has additional U.S. and foreign patent applications pending. Some of these patents and patent applications relate to significant aspects and features of the Companys products. Twenty of these patents expire in the next five years as follows: three expire in fiscal year 2004, three expire in fiscal year 2005, three expire in fiscal year 2006, eight expire in fiscal year 2007, and three expire in fiscal year 2008. The Company believes that the expiration of these patents will not have a material adverse impact on its competitive position.
The Company also has approximately 220 registered U.S. and foreign trademarks and has additional U.S. and foreign trademark applications pending.
Regulatory Matters
The Companys products are subject to regulation by, among other governmental entities, the FDA and corresponding foreign agencies. The FDA regulates the introduction, manufacture, advertising, labeling, packaging, marketing and distribution of and recordkeeping for such products. The Company must comply with statutory requirements and FDA regulations and is subject to various FDA recordkeeping and reporting requirements and to inspections by the FDA. The testing for and preparation of required applications can be expensive, and subsequent FDA review can be lengthy and uncertain. The FDA also regulates the clinical testing of medical devices. Moreover, clearance or approval, if granted, can include significant limitations on the indicated uses for which a product may be marketed. Failure to comply with applicable FDA requirements can result in fines, civil penalties, suspensions or revocation of clearances or approvals, recalls or product seizures, operating restrictions or criminal penalties. Delays in receipt of, or failure to receive, clearances or approvals for the Companys products for which such clearances or approvals have not yet been obtained would adversely affect the marketing of such products in the U.S. and could adversely affect the results of future operations.
The Company must obtain FDA or foreign regulatory approval or clearance for marketing the Companys new devices prior to their release. There are two primary means by which the FDA permits a medical device to be marketed. A manufacturer may seek clearance for the device by filing a 510(k) premarket notification with the FDA. To obtain such clearance, the 510(k) premarket notification must establish that the device is substantially equivalent to a predicate device that has been legally marketed under a 510(k) notification or was marketed before May 28, 1976. In some situations, a device also may be cleared by a 510(k) premarket notification through de novo classification even though there is no predicate device. The manufacturer may not place the device into commercial distribution in the U.S. until a substantial equivalence determination notice is issued by the FDA. The FDA, however, may determine that the proposed device is not substantially equivalent, or require further information, such as additional test data or clinical data, or require the Company to modify its product labeling, before it will make a finding of substantial equivalence. The process of obtaining FDA clearance of a 510(k) premarket notification, including testing, preparation of the 510(k) premarket notification and subsequent FDA review, can take a number of years and require the expenditure of substantial resources.
If a manufacturer cannot establish to the FDAs satisfaction that a new device is substantially equivalent to a legally marketed device, it will have to seek approval to market the device through the premarket approval application (PMA) process. This process involves preclinical studies and clinical trials. The process of completing clinical trials, submitting a PMA and obtaining FDA clearance takes a number of years and requires the expenditure of substantial resources. In addition, there can be no assurance that the FDA will approve a PMA. The Companys export activities and clinical investigations also are subject to the FDAs jurisdiction and enforcement.
Foreign regulatory approvals vary widely depending on the country. The Company has received ISO 9001 certification for its Murrysville, Kennesaw, Carlsbad, Wallingford, Cedar Grove, Nantes, Herrsching, Subic Bay and Shenzhen facilities based on criterion developed by the International Organization for Standardization, a quality standards organization with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. The Company has also received authorization for the same facilities, under the European Unions Medical Device Directives, to affix the CE Mark to the Companys products marketed throughout the world. The primary component of the certification process was an audit of the facilities quality systems conducted by an independent agency authorized to perform conformity assessments under ISO guidelines and the Medical Device Directives. Since receiving its original ISO 9001 certification, these facilities have undergone periodic update audits by such independent agencies.
13
Third Party Reimbursement
The cost of a significant portion of medical care in the U.S. is funded by government and private insurance programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid and corporate health insurance programs including health maintenance organizations and managed care organizations. Countries outside of the U.S. also have government and private insurance medical reimbursement programs that vary on a country-by-country basis, with varying levels of reimbursement and degrees of sophistication. The Companys future results of operations and financial condition could be negatively affected by adverse changes made in the reimbursement policies for medical products under these insurance programs. If such changes were to occur, the ability of the Companys customers (medical product distributors and dealers) to obtain adequate reimbursement for the resale or rental of the Companys products could be reduced. In recent years, limitations imposed on the levels of reimbursement by both government and private insurance programs have become more prevalent.
The Company has obtained procedure codes for its homecare products from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) (formerly known as the Healthcare Financing Administration). These procedure codes enhance the ability of medical product distributors and dealers to obtain reimbursement for providing products to patients covered by Medicare. In addition, many private insurance programs also use the CMS procedure code system. However, reimbursement levels can be reduced after a procedure code has been established.
The amount of reimbursement that a hospital can obtain under the Medicare diagnosis related group (DRG) payment system for utilizing the Companys products in treating patients is a primary determinant of the revenue that can be realized by medical product distributors and dealers who resell or rent the Companys hospital products. Many private insurance programs also utilize the Medicare DRG system. The various uses of the Companys hospital products to treat patients are provided within the DRG system. The levels of reimbursement under the DRG system are also subject to review and change.
Employees
The Company currently has approximately 2,700 employees, including approximately 800 hourly employees in the U.S. and 600 hourly employees in the Far East. None of the Companys employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. The Company considers its labor relations to be good and has never suffered a work stoppage as a result of a labor conflict.
Financial Information About Foreign and Domestic Operations and Export Sales
Financial information concerning foreign and domestic operations and export sales is discussed in Item 1, Business - Sales, Distribution and Marketing, and set forth in Note M of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.
| Item 2. | Properties |
Information with respect to the location and general character of the principal properties of the Company is included in Item 1, Business - Manufacturing and Properties.
14
| Item 3. | Legal Proceedings |
U.S. ResMed Litigation
As previously disclosed, ResMed Corp., ResMed, Inc., and ResMed Ltd. (collectively, ResMed) filed an action in Federal District Court against the Company on October 11, 2002 alleging that the Companys manufacture and sale of certain nasal masks infringe seven U.S. patents (the ResMed Patents). The complaint also alleged a number of related causes of action. In its complaint, ResMed sought injunctive relief, actual and punitive damages, and an award of three times actual damages because of the Companys alleged willful infringement of the ResMed Patents. In its answer to ResMeds complaint, the Company denied, in all material respects, the allegations of the complaint.
On October 15, 2002, the Company filed its own Federal District Court action against ResMed Ltd. seeking a declaratory judgment that the seven ResMed Patents are invalid and/or unenforceable, and that the Company does not infringe the same. The declaratory judgment action also sought attorneys fees as well as relief as to the remaining allegations in the ResMed complaint.
The Company was also party to actions filed in a Federal District Court in January 1995 and June 1996 in which ResMed alleged that the Companys manufacture and sale in the United States of certain products infringes four of ResMeds patents. In its response to these actions, the Company denied the allegations and had separately sought judgment that the claims under the patents are invalid or unenforceable and that the Company does not infringe upon the patents. The January 1995 and June 1996 actions were consolidated. The Court granted the Companys various motions for summary judgment and held that the Company does not infringe any of ResMeds four patents at issue.
On September 4, 2003, the Company and ResMed reached a settlement on all of the aforementioned litigation. The settlement is not material to the Companys results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
Other
The Company is, as a normal part of its business operations, a party to other legal proceedings in addition to those described above. Legal counsel has been retained for each proceeding and none of these proceedings is expected to have a material adverse impact on the Companys results of operations or financial condition.
| Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year 2003, no matters were submitted to a vote of security holders.
15
PART II
| Item 5. | Market for Registrants Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters |
As of June 30, 2003, 37,505,700 shares of the Companys common stock were issued, of which 3,548,479 are held in treasury. The common stock is traded in the over-the-counter market and is reported on the NASDAQ National Market system under the symbol RESP. As of September 22, 2003, there were 2,900 holders of record of the Companys common stock.
The Company has never paid a cash dividend with respect to its common stock and does not intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
High and low sales price information for the Companys common stock for the applicable quarters is shown below.
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2003:
| First |
Second |
Third |
Fourth | |||||||||
| High |
$ | 35.21 | $ | 34.07 | $ | 34.72 | $ | 40.00 | ||||
| Low |
$ | 26.50 | $ | 28.76 | $ | 28.73 | $ | 34.31 | ||||
Fiscal year ended June 30, 2002:
| First |
Second |
Third |
Fourth | |||||||||
| High |
$ | 37.00 | $ | 37.05 | $ | 37.88 | $ | 36.36 | ||||
| Low |
$ | 27.75 | $ | 30.54 | $ | 23.79 | $ | 30.81 | ||||
In the following table, we summarize information about the Companys equity compensation plans as of June 30, 2003.
| Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options and warrants |
Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options and warrants |
Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans | |||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |
2,596,000 | $ | 24.13 | 830,000 | |||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders (a) |
173,000 | $ | 25.79 | | |||
| Total |
2,769,000 | $ | 24.23 | ||||