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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 

  x   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF 

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended May 31, 2003

 

OR

 

  ¨   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF 

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission file number: 0-14376

 


 

Oracle Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   94-2871189

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. employer

identification no.)

 

500 Oracle Parkway

Redwood City, California 94065

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

 

(650) 506-7000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

Preferred Stock Purchase Rights

(Title of class)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    YES x  NO ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    YES x  NO ¨

 

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $47,506,422,702 based on the number of shares held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of May 31, 2003, and based on the reported last sale price of common stock on November 29, 2002, which is the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. This calculation does not reflect a determination that persons are affiliates for any other purposes.

 

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of June 13, 2003:  5,233,772,823

 

Documents Incorporated by Reference:

 

Part III—Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be issued in conjunction with registrant’s annual stockholders’ meeting to be held on October 13, 2003.

 


 


Table of Contents

ORACLE CORPORATION

 

FISCAL YEAR 2003

FORM 10-K

 

ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page

PART I.

        

Item 1.

  Business    1

Item 2.

  Properties    10

Item 3.

  Legal Proceedings    10

Item 4.

  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    10

PART II.

        

Item 5.

  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters    11

Item 6.

  Selected Financial Data    11

Item 7.

  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    12

Item 7a.

  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    38

Item 8.

  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    41

Item 8a.

  Disclosure Controls and Procedures    41

Item 9.

  Changes In and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    41

Item 9a.

  Internal Control Over Financial Reporting    41

PART III.

        

Item 10.

  Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant    42

Item 11.

  Executive Compensation    42

Item 12.

  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management    42

Item 13.

  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions    42

PART IV.

        

Item 15.

  Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K    43
    Signatures    77

 

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Forward-Looking Statements

 

In addition to historical information, this Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially. Factors that might cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Factors That May Affect Our Future Results or the Market Price of Our Stock.” When used in this report, the words “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates” and similar expressions are generally intended to identify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect our opinions only as of the date of this Annual Report. We undertake no obligation to publicly release any revisions to the forward-looking statements after the date of this document. You should carefully review the risk factors described in other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q to be filed by us in our 2004 fiscal year, which runs from June 1, 2003 to May 31, 2004.

 

PART I

 

Item 1.     Business

 

General

 

We are the world’s largest enterprise software company. We develop, manufacture, market and distribute computer software that helps our customers manage and grow their businesses and operations. Our offerings include new software licenses, software license updates and product support and services, which include consulting, advanced product services and education. We also offer an integrated suite of business applications software and other business software infrastructure, including application server, collaborative software and development tools.

 

We seek to be an industry leader in each of the specific product categories in which we compete and to expand into new and emerging markets. In fiscal 2003, we focused on improving our market position and enhancing our portfolio of products and services in each of our segments as described below. In addition, we reorganized our North American commercial sales force to focus separately on our database technology and applications software products and to simplify our sales coverage model.

 

Our goal is to provide our customers with scalable, reliable and secure database technology software and integrated business applications software that give them transactional efficiency and quality information at a low cost of total ownership.

 

Oracle Corporation was incorporated in 1986 as a Delaware corporation and is the successor to operations originally begun in June 1977.

 

Tender Offer for PeopleSoft, Inc.

 

On June 9, 2003, we commenced an unsolicited $16.00 per share cash tender offer for all of the outstanding shares of PeopleSoft, Inc., a Delaware corporation, or approximately $5.1 billion for approximately 317 million shares. On June 18, 2003, we increased the cash tender offer to $19.50 per share or approximately $6.2 billion. We have entered into a commitment with Credit Suisse First Boston to provide a $5.0 billion revolving credit facility with a term of 364 days. We plan to pay for the PeopleSoft shares and related transaction fees and expenses with internally available cash and borrowings under the revolving credit facility.

 

In connection with the tender offer, we have been named as a defendant in various legal proceedings and may be a party to additional legal proceedings in the future. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe we have meritorious defenses to these actions, and we will vigorously defend them.

 

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Products and Services

 

We have five operating segments based on our product and service offerings: new software licenses, software license updates and product support, consulting, advanced product services and education. See Note 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information related to our operating segments.

 

New Software Licenses

 

Our new software license line of business (formerly referred to as the licenses line of business) includes the licensing of database technology software and applications software. Our software platform is based on an internet architecture comprised of interconnected database servers, application servers and client computers or devices running web browsers. This architecture permits end users to access business data and applications through standard web browsers, while allowing enterprises to manage business information and applications from centralized locations. Database servers manage the underlying business information, while application servers run the business applications. These servers are typically managed by professional information technology managers. In contrast, traditional client/server computing architectures require that each client computer run and manage its own applications and also be updated every time an application changes. We believe that the network-centric design of our software for internet computing improves network performance and data quality and helps our customers better control installation, maintenance and training costs associated with information technology infrastructure. Our integrated, component based architecture can be designed around the specific needs of any industry and is supported on several different operating systems, including Linux, UNIX and Windows.

 

New software license revenues include all fees earned from granting customers licenses to use our software products and exclude revenues derived from software license updates and product support. The standard end user software license agreement for our products provides for an initial fee to use the product in perpetuity based on a maximum number of processors or a maximum number of named users. We also have other types of software license agreements restricted by the number of employees or the license term. New software license revenues represented 34%, 36% and 42% of total revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Other revenues, which include documentation and miscellaneous revenues, represented 1% of total revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001.

 

Database Technology

 

Our database technology software provides a platform for developing and deploying applications on the internet and on corporate intranets. Database technology software products include database management software, application server software, collaboration software and development tools that allow users to create, retrieve and modify the various types of data stored in a computer system. New software license revenues from database technology products represented 28%, 29% and 33% of total revenues and 81%, 80% and 78% of new software license revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

 

Oracle Database

 

The Oracle relational database management system is a key component of our internet platform and enables the storage, manipulation and retrieval of relational, object-relational, multi-dimensional and other types of data.

 

Oracle9i is designed to run applications with a very high degree of scalability and reliability across multiple computers clustered together. The Oracle database with Real Application Clusters acts as a single database in a cluster of computers linked together and does not require the data to be separated on multiple computers. Customers can simply add computers to the cluster and the database software adapts to utilize the additional computing resources, thereby significantly improving application scalability and availability without requiring users to modify their applications. Customers can achieve significant cost savings by scaling up and eliminating

 

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fail-over servers and by using lower cost hardware as the basis of the cluster, instead of larger, more expensive computers.

 

In addition to Oracle9i Real Application Clusters, Oracle9i Database contains features that facilitate customers’ ability to build, deploy and manage internet applications at lower costs. The key features of Oracle9i include improved database availability, functionality, enhanced security capabilities and an integrated infrastructure for building business intelligence applications.

 

Oracle Application Server

 

Oracle9i Application Server or Oracle9iAS, a consolidated software platform based on industry standards, makes it easier for developers to build and deploy web services, web sites and portals and web-based applications. Oracle9iAS supports a range of development languages and tools, including the latest J2EE technologies and complies with industry standards. In addition, Oracle9iAS incorporates clustering and caching technology, which significantly increases application reliability, performance, security and scalability.

 

Oracle9iAS comes with an integrated set of business intelligence software including Oracle Discoverer, Oracle Reports and Oracle Clickstream. Oracle Discoverer is an intuitive web-based ad hoc query, reporting and analysis tool for end users. Oracle Reports offers an enterprise-reporting tool for the production of high quality reports. Oracle Clickstream provides a facility to analyze web site traffic.

 

Oracle9iAS also includes Portal, which allows personalized portal sites to be rapidly developed and deployed, all with single sign on and security. Portal sites are assembled using ‘portlets,’ which are reusable interface components that provide access to web-based resources such as applications, business intelligence reports, syndicated content feeds and outsourced software services. With the Oracle9iAS Wireless Option, portal sites can be made available to any wireless device.

 

Oracle9iAS includes an enhanced Enterprise Integration platform that provides a comprehensive E-Business integration solution delivered as an integral feature of Oracle9iAS. The E-Business integration solution provides an open, standards-based infrastructure for enterprise application integration, business-to-business collaboration and web services integration in a single product.

 

Oracle Collaboration Suite

 

Oracle Collaboration Suite is a single, integrated suite that manages email and voicemail messages, facsimiles, calendaring, file sharing, search and workflow. The Oracle Collaboration Suite centralizes administration and lowers operating costs by consolidating email and file servers. Additionally, users are provided with one folder for their email, files, voicemail and facsimile messages. The Oracle Collaboration Suite is built on the Oracle9i Database and Oracle9iAS, supports enterprise-scale implementations and offers high-availability features like rapid server failover, disaster recovery and automated backup. With Oracle Collaboration Suite, users access all their communications content via desktop applications, the internet, personal digital assistants or mobile phones, improving communication and collaboration.

 

Oracle Developer Suite

 

Oracle Developer Suite is an integrated suite of development tools designed to facilitate rapid development of internet database applications and web services. Built on internet standards such as Java, J2EE, XML and HTML, the Developer Suite contains application development and business intelligence tools.

 

The Developer Suite includes Oracle JDeveloper, a Java development environment for modeling, building, debugging and testing enterprise-class J2EE applications and web services. In addition, the suite contains Oracle Designer, a tool that allows developers to model business processes and automatically generate enterprise

 

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database applications, and Oracle Forms Developer, a development tool for building database applications that can be deployed unchanged in both internet and client/server based environments.

 

The Developer Suite also includes Oracle Warehouse Builder to consolidate fragmented data and metadata pulled from packaged applications, custom applications and legacy applications. Oracle Warehouse Builder enables developers to graphically design the multidimensional database schema and to automatically generate and load the data warehouse.

 

Applications

 

We offer a fully integrated suite of applications built upon a unified information architecture. Our applications software can be accessed with standard web browsers and can be used to automate business processes and to provide business intelligence for financials, projects, marketing, sales, order management, procurement, supply chain, manufacturing, service and human resources. New software license revenues from applications software represented 6%, 7% and 9% of total revenues and 19%, 20% and 22% of new software license revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

 

The Oracle E-Business Suite, which is offered as an entire suite or on a component basis, provides integrated enterprise information that enables companies to manage their business cycles on a global basis and to solve end-to-end business problems.

 

The Oracle E-Business Suite utilizes Oracle’s full technology stack, including database, application server and developer tools. The E-Business Suite is an open architecture, which can be integrated to legacy applications that exist in a customer’s environment.

 

The Oracle E-Business Suite applications combine business functionality with innovative technologies, such as workflow and self-service applications, that enable users to lower the cost of their business operations by providing customers, suppliers and employees with self-service internet access to both transaction processing and critical business information. Self-service applications automate a variety of business functions such as customer service and support, procurement, expense reporting and reimbursement. The Oracle E-Business Suite can also help companies automate and improve business processes associated with financials, projects, marketing, sales, order management, procurement, supply chain, manufacturing, service and human resources.

 

Available in approximately 30 languages, Oracle’s E-Business Suite applications also allow companies to operate in multiple currencies and to support both global and local business practices and legal requirements.

 

Software License Updates and Product Support

 

Software license updates provide customers with rights to unspecified software product upgrades, maintenance releases and patches released during the term of the support period, which is typically one year. Product support services include internet access to technical content, as well as internet and telephone access to technical support personnel. Product support is provided by local offices, as well as by our four global support centers located around the world. Software license updates and product support are generally priced as a percentage of the net new software license fees. Software license updates can be purchased separately from product support; however, only customers who purchase software license updates can purchase product support. Substantially all of our customers purchase both license updates and product support upon the initial licensing of our software. In addition, most of these customers renew the software license updates and product support rights annually. Software license updates and product support revenues represented 41%, 37% and 30% of total revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. We believe that software license updates and product support represent a recurring source of revenues and will continue to grow if our installed base of software licenses continues to expand.

 

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Consulting

 

Through Oracle Consulting, we globally deploy professionals who specialize in rapid design, implementation, deployment, upgrade and migration services for our database technology and applications software. We focus on implementing software with a number of consulting accelerators such as preconfigured business flows, all of which increase the pace at which our customers achieve value from our applications. Our consulting services help customers consolidate their information technology operations, integrate disparate systems and increase the security of their data assets. Oracle Consulting leverages several remote delivery channels, including offshore centers. Consulting revenues represented 19%, 20% and 21% of total revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

 

Advanced Product Services

 

Our advanced product services offering includes remote database administration, performance monitoring and tuning, on-site technical support services and outsourcing services. Our outsourcing services include multi-featured software management and maintenance services. We provide outsourced services for products such as the Oracle E-Business Suite, Oracle9i Database, Oracle9iAS and Oracle Collaboration Suite. With Oracle E-Business Suite Outsourcing, customers gain access to their applications through a standard web browser and network connection. Oracle’s Technology Outsourcing administers, manages and maintains the Oracle9i Database, Oracle9iAS and Oracle Collaboration Suite. Customers can choose to have their servers located at our own data centers, where we maintain both the software and hardware, or they can place and manage the servers they are using at their own locations or at qualified third party locations and allow us to remotely manage the software. With either approach, we provide outsourced services that enable customers to lower information technology costs and improve their business efficiency. Although a new service offering, our outsourcing business has more than 500 customers worldwide. Advanced product services revenues represented 2%, 3% and 2% of total revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

 

Education

 

Through Oracle University, we provide training to customers and partners as part of our mission of accelerating the adoption of Oracle technology around the world. Operating out of approximately 400 Oracle training centers and 200 delivery partner locations, Oracle University trains over 400,000 students in 65 countries each year on Oracle technology. Our training is provided primarily through instructor-led classroom events, but is also made available through a variety of online courses and self paced media training on CD-Roms. Oracle University’s curriculum is entirely Oracle-based, covering all aspects of Oracle 9i Database, Oracle 9iAS, Collaboration Suite, Developer Suite and E-Business Applications Suite products. At any point in time, there are over 300 instructor- led courses, over 1,000 hours of rich online course content and over 500 CD-Rom based course titles available. This curriculum is continuously updated for the latest versions of our software products. Education revenues represented 3%, 3% and 4% of total revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

 

Marketing and Sales

 

Key Market Segments

 

We sell our products and services in three key market segments: the enterprise business market, the government market and the general business market. We define the enterprise business market segment as those businesses with total annual revenues over a specific amount, which may vary by country. In the United States, we define the enterprise business market segment as those businesses with total annual revenues of more than $1 billion. In the enterprise business market and government market segments, we believe that the most important considerations for our customers are performance, functionality, availability, product reliability, ease of use, security, quality of technical support and total cost of ownership, including the initial price and deployment costs, as well as ongoing maintenance costs. We define the general business market segment as those entities smaller than the enterprise businesses. In addition to the considerations noted above, we believe that the principal

 

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competitive factors for the general business market segment are strength in distribution and marketing, brand name recognition, ability to integrate with enterprise systems and product integration. We believe that we compete effectively in each of these markets, although the competition is intense in each market.

 

Sales Distribution Channels

 

In the United States, we market our products and services primarily through our own direct sales and service organization. Sales and service employees are based in our headquarters and in field offices located in approximately 60 metropolitan areas.

 

Outside the United States, we market our products and services primarily through our subsidiary sales and service organizations. Our subsidiaries license and support our products in their local countries as well as within other foreign countries where we do not operate through a direct sales subsidiary.

 

We also market our products through indirect channels. The companies that comprise our indirect channel network are members of the Oracle Partner Program. Our partners resell our products or combine our database, development tools and business applications with computer hardware, software application packages or services for subsequent redistribution and/or implementation.

 

The Oracle Partner Program allows us to pursue new business opportunities through partners as well as with direct customers. Partners in the program include consultants, education providers, internet service providers, network integrators, resellers, independent software vendors and system integrators/implementers. Partners can also participate in the Oracle Technology Network and the Oracle Applications Network. These programs are specifically designed for the internet developer and business applications suite user communities, respectively. We provide applications, technology, education and technical support that enable our partners to effectively integrate our products into their business offerings. The combination of the Oracle technology stack, the Oracle E-Business Suite and our partners’ expertise broadens our exposure in new markets.

 

International

 

We conduct business in more than 87 countries around the world. We believe this geographic diversity allows us to draw on business and technical expertise from a worldwide workforce, provides stability to our operations and revenue streams to offset geography-specific economic trends and offers us an opportunity to exploit new markets for maturing products. Our results of operations could be affected by economic and political uncertainty or changes in the laws or policies in the countries in which we operate and by macroeconomic changes, including currency rate fluctuations, recessions and inflation. A summary of our domestic and international revenues and long-lived assets is set forth in Note 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Seasonality

 

General economic conditions have an impact on our business and financial results. The markets in which we sell our products and services have, at times, experienced weak economic conditions that have negatively affected revenues. Our quarterly results reflect distinct seasonality in the sale of our products and services, as our revenues are typically highest in our fourth fiscal quarter and lowest in our first fiscal quarter. See “Quarterly Results of Operations” in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section of this Form 10-K for a more complete description of the seasonality of our revenues and expenses.

 

Customers

 

Our customer base consists of a significant number of organizations of all sizes, from small businesses to the largest multinational organizations, government agencies, educational institutions and resellers. Our internet

 

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architecture supports the complex needs of the largest global organizations. Our target end-user customers are organizations with sophisticated, high-end information systems with numerous, often geographically dispersed, users and diverse, heterogeneous computing environments. Typical customers have web-based implementations that handle very high volumes of business transactions with unpredictable usage volumes. Our primary industry markets include defense and government, education, financial services, technology, transportation, life sciences, insurance, telecommunications, manufacturing and healthcare. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 or 2001.

 

Competition

 

The software industry is intensely competitive and rapidly evolving. We compete in various markets including the database management system, data warehouse, collaboration, application server, development tools, applications, consulting and outsourcing markets. Total cost of ownership, performance, functionality, ease of use, product reliability, security and quality of technical support are the key competitive factors that face us in each of the markets in which we compete.

 

Our principal software competitors in the database management system and collaboration markets are International Business Machines Corporation and Microsoft Corporation. In the data warehousing market, our online analytical processing products compete primarily with those of Business Objects S.A., Cognos Incorporated, Hyperion Solutions Corporation and NCR Corporation. In the application server market, our competitors include BEA Systems, Inc., IBM and Microsoft. In the development tools market, we compete primarily against Borland Software Corporation, IBM and Microsoft. In the highly fragmented applications market, we compete against Microsoft, PeopleSoft, Inc., SAP Aktiengesellschaft Systeme, Siebel Systems, Inc. and many other application providers, as well as outsourced and in-house solutions for customers. In the consulting and outsourcing markets, we periodically compete against or collaborate with Accenture Ltd., Electronic Data Systems Corporation, IBM Global Services and as well as other smaller service providers. We may also face competition from open source software initiatives, in which developers provide software and intellectual property free over the internet.

 

Research and Development

 

We develop the majority of our products internally. In certain circumstances, we also purchase or license intellectual property rights. Internal development allows us to maintain technical control over the design and development of our products. We have a number of United States and foreign patents and pending applications that relate to various aspects of our products and technology. While we believe that our patents have value, no single patent itself is essential to us or to any of our principal business segments.

 

Research and development expenditures were 12%, 11% and 10% of total revenues in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. As a percentage of new software license revenues, research and development expenditures were 36%, 31% and 24% in fiscal 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. Rapid technological advances in hardware and software development, evolving standards in computer hardware and software technology, changing customer needs and frequent new product introductions and enhancements characterize the software markets in which we compete. We plan on continuing to dedicate a significant amount of resources to research and development efforts to maintain and improve our competitive position in these markets.

 

Employees

 

As of May 31, 2003, we employed 40,650 full-time employees, including 25,268 in sales and services, 916 in marketing, 9,429 in research and development and 5,037 in general and administrative positions. Of these employees, 17,968 were located in the United States and 22,682 were employed internationally.

 

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None of our employees in the United States are represented by a labor union; however, in certain international subsidiaries our employees are represented by worker councils. We have not experienced any work stoppages and believe that our employee relations are good.

 

Available Information

 

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to reports filed pursuant to Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available free of charge on our Investor Relations web site at www.oracle.com as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. The information posted on our web site is not incorporated into this Annual Report.

 

Executive Officers of the Registrant

 

Our executive officers are as follows:

 

Name


  

Office(s)


Lawrence J. Ellison

   Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors

Jeffrey O. Henley

   Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Director

Safra A. Catz

   Executive Vice President and Director

Keith G. Block

   Executive Vice President, North America Sales and Consulting

Sergio Giacoletto

  

Executive Vice President, Europe, Middle East and Africa Sales and

Consulting

Charles E. Phillips, Jr.

   Executive Vice President

George J. Roberts

   Executive Vice President

Michael S. Rocha

   Executive Vice President, Global Support Services

Charles A. Rozwat

   Executive Vice President, Server Technologies

Derek H. Williams

   Executive Vice President, Asia Pacific Sales and Consulting

Ronald A. Wohl

   Executive Vice President, Applications Development

Daniel Cooperman

   Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

Jennifer L. Minton

   Senior Vice President, Finance and Operations

 

Mr. Ellison, 58, is one of our co-founders and has been Chief Executive Officer since June 1977. Mr. Ellison has been Chairman of the Board since June 1995, served as Chairman of the Board from April 1990 until September 1992 and served as President of Oracle from May 1977 to June 1996.

 

Mr. Henley, 58, has been Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since March 1991 and has been a Director since June 1995. Prior to joining us, he served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Pacific Holding Company, a privately held company with diversified interests in manufacturing and real estate, from August 1986 to February 1991. Mr. Henley is a director of Computer Motion, Inc., a medical robotics company.

 

Ms. Catz, 41, has served as a Director since October 2001. She has been an Executive Vice President since November 1999 and served as Senior Vice President between April 1999 and October 1999. Prior to joining us, Ms. Catz was employed by Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette, a global investment bank, where she was a Managing Director from February 1997 to March 1999.

 

Mr. Block, 42, has been Executive Vice President, North America Sales and Consulting since September 2002 and Executive Vice President, North America Consulting since February 2002. Mr. Block served as Senior Vice President of North America Commercial Consulting and Global Service Lines from June 1999 until January 2002. He served as Senior Vice President of the Commercial Consulting Practice from April 1999 until May 1999. Mr. Block was Group Vice President, East Consulting from June 1997 until March 1999. Prior to joining us in 1986, Mr. Block was a Senior Consultant at Booz, Allen and Hamilton.

 

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Mr. Giacoletto, 53, has been Executive Vice President for Europe, Middle East and Africa since June 2000 and Senior Vice President, Business Solutions, since November 1998. He was Vice President, Alliances and Technology from March 1997 to November 1998. Before joining us, he was President of AT&T Solutions for Europe, since August 1994. Previously, he spent 20 years with Digital Equipment Corporation in various positions in European marketing and services.

 

Mr. Phillips, 43, has been an Executive Vice President since May 2003. Prior to joining us, Mr. Phillips was at Morgan Stanley & Co., Incorporated, a global investment bank, where he was a Managing Director from November 1995 to May 2003 and a Principal from December 1994 to November 1995. Prior to that, Mr. Phillips was an information technology officer as a Captain with the United States Marine Corps.

 

Mr. Roberts, 47, has been an Executive Vice President since June 1999 and until September 2002, was Executive Vice President, North America Sales. Mr. Roberts served as Senior Vice President North America Sales from July 1998 to May 1999, and as Senior Vice President, Business Online from April 1998 to June 1998. He took a leave of absence from July 1997 to April 1998. Mr. Roberts joined us in March 1990 and from June 1990 to June of 1997 served as Group Vice President, Central Commercial Sales.

 

Mr. Rocha, 38, has been Executive Vice President, Global Support Services since December 2002 and served as Senior Vice President, Global Support Services & Platform Technologies from December 2001 to November 2002. Mr. Rocha joined us in 1989 and has held various positions in business planning, engineering and product management including Senior Vice President Platform Technologies from August 1998 to November 2001 and Vice President Porting Technologies from September 1997 to July 1998.

 

Mr. Rozwat, 55, has been Executive Vice President, Server Technologies since November 1999 and served as Senior Vice President, Database Server from December 1996 to October 1999. Mr. Rozwat served as Vice President of Development from May 1995 to November 1996. Prior to joining us, he spent 17 years in various positions at Digital Equipment Corporation.

 

Mr. Williams, 58, has been Executive Vice President, Asia Pacific since October 2000 and Senior Vice President, Asia Pacific from July 1993 to October 2000. Mr. Williams served as Vice President, Asia Pacific, from April 1991 to July 1993. Mr. Williams joined Oracle United Kingdom in October 1988 and served as Regional Director, Strategic Accounts from October 1988 to April 1991.

 

Mr. Wohl, 42, has been Executive Vice President, Applications Development since November 1999 and served as Senior Vice President, Applications Development, from December 1992 to October 1999. From September 1989 until December 1992, Mr. Wohl was Vice President and Assistant General Manager of the Systems Product Division.

 

Mr. Cooperman, 52, has been Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since February 1997. Prior to joining us, Mr. Cooperman had been associated with the law firm of McCutchen, Doyle, Brown & Enersen (which has since become Bingham McCutchen LLP), from October 1977 and had served as a partner since June 1983. From September 1995 until February 1997, Mr. Cooperman was Chair of the law firm’s Business and Transactions Group and from April 1989 through September 1995, he served as the Managing Partner of the law firm’s San Jose office.

 

Ms. Minton, 42, has been Senior Vice President, Finance and Operations since October 2001. She served as Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller from April 2000 to September 2001 and Vice President and Corporate Controller from November 1998 to March 2000. Ms. Minton joined us in May 1989 and has held various positions in the finance organization including Assistant Corporate Controller and was a Vice President since August 1995.

 

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Item 2.     Properties

 

Our properties consist of owned and leased office facilities for sales, support, research and development, consulting and administrative personnel. Our headquarters facility consists of approximately 2.5 million square feet in Redwood City, California. We also own or lease office facilities consisting of approximately 8.4 million square feet in various locations in the United States and abroad.

 

We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current needs and that suitable additional or substitute space will be available as needed to accommodate expansion of our operations. See Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding our lease obligations.

 

Item 3.     Legal Proceedings

 

The material set forth in Note 17 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 15 of this Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 4.     Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

 

None.

 

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PART II

 

Item 5.    Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

 

Our common stock is traded on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “ORCL” and has been traded on Nasdaq since our initial public offering in 1986. According to the records of our transfer agent, we had 26,716 stockholders of record as of May 31, 2003. The majority of our shares are held in approximately two million customer accounts held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders. However, we believe that the number of total stockholders is less than two million due to stockholders with accounts at more than one brokerage. The following table sets forth the low and high sale price of our common stock, based on the last daily sale, in each of our last eight fiscal quarters.

 

     Low Sale
Price


   High Sale
Price


Fiscal 2003:

             

Fourth Quarter

   $ 10.68    $ 13.26

Third Quarter

     10.53      13.11

Second Quarter

     7.64      12.15

First Quarter

     7.32      11.19

Fiscal 2002:

             

Fourth Quarter

   $ 7.92    $ 15.99

Third Quarter

     13.70      17.26

Second Quarter

     10.76      15.58

First Quarter

     12.00      19.77

 

Our policy has been to reinvest earnings to fund future growth and to repurchase our common stock under a program approved by our Board of Directors. Accordingly, we have not paid cash dividends and do not anticipate declaring cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future.

 

Item 6.    Selected Financial Data

 

The following table sets forth selected financial data for the last five years. This selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Item 15 of this Form 10-K.

 

     Year ended May 31,

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)


   2003

   2002

   2001

   2000

    1999

Total revenues

   $ 9,475    $ 9,673    $ 10,961    $ 10,231     $ 8,939

Operating income

     3,440      3,571      3,777      3,080       1,873

Net income

     2,307      2,224      2,561      6,297 (1)     1,290

Earnings per share—basic

     0.44      0.40      0.46      1.11       0.22

Earnings per share—diluted

     0.43      0.39      0.44      1.05       0.22

Working capital

     5,069      4,768      5,046      5,021       2,401

Total assets

     11,064      10,800      11,030      13,077       7,260

Long-term debt, net of current portion

     175      298      301      301       304

Stockholders’ equity

     6,320      6,117      6,277      6,461       3,695

(1) Net income for fiscal 2000 includes a $4.0 billion gain, net of tax, resulting from the sale of shares in Oracle Japan, a majority owned subsidiary.

 

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Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. To the extent there are material differences between these estimates, judgments or assumptions and actual results, our financial statements will be affected. The significant accounting policies that we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results include the following:

 

    Revenue Recognition

 

    Allowances for Doubtful Accounts and Returns

 

    Legal Contingencies

 

    Accounting for Income Taxes

 

In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require management’s judgment in its application. There are also areas in which management’s judgment in selecting among available alternatives would not produce a materially different result. Our senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies and related disclosures with our Finance and Audit Committee.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

We derive revenues from three primary sources: (1) new software licenses, (2) software license updates and product support, and (3) services, which include consulting, advanced product services and education revenues. New software license revenues represent all fees earned from granting customers licenses to use our database technology and applications software, and excludes revenues derived from software license updates, which are included in software license updates and product support. While the basis for software license revenue recognition is substantially governed by the provisions of Statement of Position No. 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, we exercise judgment and use estimates in connection with the determination of the amount of new software license, software license updates and product support and services revenues to be recognized in each accounting period.

 

For software license arrangements that do not require significant modification or customization of the underlying software, we recognize new software license revenue when: (1) we enter into a legally binding arrangement with a customer for the license of software; (2) we deliver the products; (3) customer payment is deemed fixed or determinable and free of contingencies or significant uncertainties; and (4) collection is probable. Substantially all of our new software license revenues are recognized in this manner.

 

The vast majority of our software license arrangements include software license updates and product support, which are recognized ratably over the term of the arrangement, typically one year. Software license updates provide customers with rights to unspecified software product upgrades, maintenance releases and patches released during the term of the support period. Product support services include internet access to technical content, as well as internet and telephone access to technical support personnel. Software license updates and product support are generally priced as a percentage of the net new software license fees. Software license updates can be purchased separately from product support; however, only customers who purchase software license updates can purchase product support. Substantially all of our customers purchase both software license updates and product support upon the initial licensing of our software. In addition, most of these customers renew the software license updates and product support rights annually.

 

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Many of our software arrangements include consulting implementation services sold separately under consulting engagement contracts. Consulting revenues from these arrangements are generally accounted for separately from new software license revenues because the arrangements qualify as service transactions as defined in SOP 97-2. The more significant factors considered in determining whether the revenue should be accounted for separately include the nature of services (i.e., consideration of whether the services are essential to the functionality of the licensed product), degree of risk, availability of services from other vendors, timing of payments and impact of milestones or acceptance criteria on the realizability of the software license fee. Revenues for consulting services are generally recognized as the services are performed. If there is a significant uncertainty about the project completion or receipt of payment for the consulting services, revenue is deferred until the uncertainty is sufficiently resolved. We estimate the percentage of completion on contracts with fixed or “not to exceed” fees on a monthly basis utilizing hours incurred to date as a percentage of total estimated hours to complete the project. We recognize no more than 90% of the milestone or total contract amount until project acceptance is obtained. If we do not have a sufficient basis to measure progress towards completion, revenue is recognized when we receive final acceptance from the customer. When total cost estimates exceed revenues, we accrue for the estimated losses immediately based upon an average fully burdened daily rate applicable to the consulting organization delivering the services. The complexity of the estimation process and issues related to the assumptions, risks and uncertainties inherent with the application of the percentage-of-completion method of accounting affect the amounts of revenue and related expenses reported in our consolidated financial statements. A number of internal and external factors can affect our estimates, including labor rates, utilization and efficiency variances and specification and testing requirement changes.

 

If an arrangement does not qualify for separate accounting of the software license and consulting transactions, then new software license revenue is generally recognized together with the consulting services based on contract accounting using either the percentage-of-completion or completed-contract method as described above. Contract accounting is applied to any arrangements: (1) that include milestones or customer specific acceptance criteria that may affect collection of the software license fees; (2) where services include significant modification or customization of the software; (3) where significant consulting services are provided for in the software license contract without additional charge; or (4) where the software license payment is tied to the performance of consulting services.

 

Advanced product services are earned by providing services to customers that include remote database administration, performance monitoring and tuning, annual on-site technical support services and outsourcing. Outsourcing services include multi-featured software management and maintenance services for our database technology and applications software. Advanced product services revenues are recognized over the term of the service contract, which is generally one year.

 

Education revenues include instructor-led, media-based and internet-based training in the use of our products. Education revenues are recognized as the classes or other education offerings are delivered.

 

For arrangements with multiple elements, we allocate revenue to each element of a transaction based upon its fair value as determined by “vendor specific objective evidence.” Vendor specific objective evidence of fair value for all elements of an arrangement is based upon the normal pricing and discounting practices for those products and services when sold separately and for software license updates and product support services, is additionally measured by the renewal rate offered to the customer. We defer revenue for any undelivered elements, and recognize revenue when the product is delivered or over the period in which the service is performed, in accordance with our revenue recognition policy for such element. If we cannot objectively determine the fair value of any undelivered element included in bundled software and service arrangements, we defer revenue until all elements are delivered and services have been performed, or until fair value can objectively be determined for any remaining undelivered elements. When the fair value of a delivered element has not been established, we use the residual method to record revenue if the fair value of all undelivered elements is determinable. Under the residual method, the fair value of the undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the arrangement fee is allocated to the delivered elements and is recognized as revenue.

 

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Our software license arrangements generally do not include acceptance provisions. However, if acceptance provisions exist as part of public policy, for example in agreements with government entities when acceptance periods are required by law, or within previously executed terms and conditions that are referenced in the current agreement and are short-term in nature, we provide for a sales return allowance in accordance with FASB Statement No. 48, Revenue Recognition when Right of Return Exists. If acceptance provisions are long-term in nature or are not included as standard terms of an arrangement or if we cannot reasonably estimate the incidence of returns, revenue is recognized upon the earlier of receipt of written customer acceptance or expiration of the acceptance period.

 

We also evaluate arrangements with governmental entities containing “fiscal funding” or “termination for convenience” provisions, where such provisions are required by law, to determine the probability of possible cancellation. We consider multiple factors, including the history with the customer in similar transactions, the “essential use” of the software licenses and the planning, budgeting and approval processes undertaken by the governmental entity. If we determine that the likelihood of non-acceptance in these arrangements is remote, we then recognize revenue once all of the criteria described above have been met. If such a determination cannot be made, revenue is recognized upon the earlier of cash receipt or approval of the applicable funding provision by the governmental entity.

 

We assess whether fees are fixed or determinable at the time of sale and recognize revenue if all other revenue recognition requirements are met. Our standard payment terms are net 30; however, terms may vary based on the country in which the agreement is executed. Payments that are due within six months are generally deemed to be fixed or determinable based on our successful collection history on such arrangements, and thereby sati