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UNITED STATES
 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
FORM 10-K
 
(Mark One)
 
ý ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
 
ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 26, 2004
 
OR
 
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the transition period from ____________ to ____________
 
Commission File No. 001-31299
     
 
MEDICAL STAFFING NETWORK HOLDINGS, INC.
 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
65-0865171
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
     
901 Yamato Road, Suite 110
Boca Raton, FL 33431
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (561) 322-1300
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
   
Name of each exchange
 
Title of each class:
on which registered:
 
Common Stock, par value $0.01
New York Stock Exchange
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
Yes ý No o
 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
 
Yes ý No o
 
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold as of June 25, 2004 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was $188,940,319. As of March 9, 2005, there were 30,231,708 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding.
 
Documents Incorporated by Reference:
Part III of this Form 10-K incorporates certain information by reference from the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed no later than 120 days after December 26, 2004.
 

 

 




TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   
PAGE
PART I
Item 1.
1
Item 2.
14
Item 3.
14
Item 4.
15
PART II
Item 5.
16
Item 6.
16
Item 7.
18
Item 7A.
28
Item 8.
28
Item 9.
28
Item 9A.
29
Item 9B.
29
PART III
Item 10.
30
Item 11.
30
Item 12.
30
Item 13.
30
Item 14.
30
PART IV
Item 15.
31
 
 
32

 
All references to “we, “us,” or “our,” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K means Medical Staffing Network Holdings, Inc.
 

 


PART I
 
Item 1. Business
 
General Development of Business
 
We are a leading temporary healthcare staffing company and the largest provider of per diem nurse staffing services (staffing assignments of less than thirteen weeks in duration) in the United States as measured by revenues. Our per diem staffing assignments place our professionals, predominately nurses, at hospitals and other healthcare facilities to solve our clients’ temporary staffing needs. We believe we are also a leading provider of specialized radiology and diagnostic imaging specialists and clinical laboratory technicians, or “allied health” professionals, as measured by revenues. We serve our clients through what we believe to be the largest temporary healthcare staffing network in the United States, which was comprised as of December 26, 2004 of over 125 per diem branches that provide nurse staffing on a per diem basis in over 40 states. Our extensive client base includes over 7,000 healthcare facilities including leading for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals, leading teaching hospitals and regional healthcare providers. We do not receive a material portion of our revenues from Medicare or Medicaid reimbursements or similar state reimbursement programs.
 
Our business has grown significantly since our founding in 1998. We call branches that we have opened since our inception “de novo” branches, as opposed to branches acquired from third parties. Approximately 65% of all existing branches as of December 26, 2004 were de novo branches.
 
During 2004, we expanded our services to provide temporary general staffing. Our per diem general staffing assignments place individuals in a variety of areas including clerical, janitorial and food services. We feel the addition of per diem general staffing services help make us a “full service” provider to our clients, as well as attract new non-healthcare related clients.
 
For the year ended December 26, 2004, we had revenues of $417.1 million and income from operations of $1.6 million. During this period, we earned 75% of our revenues from our per diem nurse staffing assignments, 16% from our specialized radiology and diagnostic imaging technicians and clinical laboratory technicians, or our “allied health” assignments, 9% from our travel nurse staffing assignments and less than 1% from our per diem general staffing assignments.
 
We believe the flexibility of our service offerings provides substantial value to our clients and professionals. We provide our clients with significant assistance in managing their profitability by giving them a high degree of control in managing their labor costs without sacrificing clinical expertise. In addition, working on a per diem basis allows our healthcare professionals substantial flexibility in balancing their careers with their lifestyle objectives.
 
We were formed as a Delaware corporation in 1998. Our predecessor corporation, Southeast Staffing Partners, Inc., a Florida corporation, was founded in June 1997.
 
Industry Overview
 
The temporary nurse staffing market has two major components: per diem nursing and travel nursing. Per diem nurse staffing is the largest sector of the temporary healthcare staffing industry, providing healthcare professionals for assignments of a single shift to thirteen weeks, and is used to meet local labor shortages and openings due to holidays, vacations, illness and staff turnover, as well as daily and seasonal fluctuations in hospital volume. The per diem market operates with many local operators and is highly fragmented. The per diem staffing model requires a local presence in every market served because these short-term staffing needs are typically filled on a local basis, and are dependant on the relationship that exists between local operators, local professionals and the healthcare facility.
 
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In the travel nurse market, healthcare facilities hire travel nurses on a contract, fixed-term basis to meet seasonal fluctuations in hospital admissions levels for time periods ranging from several weeks to one year, but are typically thirteen weeks long. Travel nurse companies coordinate travel and housing arrangements for their professionals who typically relocate to the area in which they are placed. The travel staffing model utilizes a centralized approach to serving its clients.
 
Allied staffing consists of highly specialized radiology and diagnostic imaging specialties, clinical laboratory specialties, rehabilitation specialties, pharmacists and respiratory therapists. These professionals are staffed on both a per diem and travel basis.
 
Service revenues and gross profit margins have been under pressure as demand for temporary nurses is currently going through a period of contraction. Due to the current difficult economic times, the unemployment rate, while slightly improved over the past year, remains high. We believe this has resulted in nurses in many households becoming a primary wage earner, which is causing such nurses to seek more traditional full-time employment. Additionally, hospitals are experiencing lower than projected admissions levels and are placing greater reliance on existing full-time staff, resulting in increased overtime and nurse-patient loads.
 
We cannot predict when conditions will reverse, but we are confident in the long-term growth of the industry. In a January 13, 2000 report, the U.S. Census Bureau, Population Projections Bureau, projected that the number of Americans over 65 years of age is expected to grow from 34.5 million in 2000 to 53.7 million in 2020. In a July 2002 report, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services stated that the national supply of full-time equivalent registered nurses was approximately 1.9 million while demand was approximately 2.0 million. This gap between supply and demand for nurses is expected to grow from 0.1 million in 2000 to 0.8 million by 2020. Additionally, there is a growing trend to restrict mandatory healthcare worker overtime requirements by employers and to establish nurse-patient ratios. Several states have enacted legislation prohibiting mandatory overtime and other states have similar legislation pending. In conjunction with the aforementioned factors, as the economy rebounds, the prospects for the healthcare staffing industry should improve as hospitals experience higher admissions levels and increasing shortages of healthcare workers.
 
Description of the Business
 
We provide hospitals and other healthcare facilities with a wide range of staffing services, including per diem nurses, allied professionals and travel nurses. While we have a national presence, we operate on a local basis through an integrated network, which consisted of over 125 per diem branches in over 40 states as of December 26, 2004, so that we may develop significant relationships with our clients and healthcare professionals and provide the highest level of service. We have provided services to over 7,000 healthcare facilities that have paid us directly for the services we provide.
 
Temporary Staffing Services Provided
 
The per diem nurse staffing portion of our business provides nurses for assignments with durations ranging from a single shift to a 13-week assignment and represented approximately 75% of our 2004 fiscal year revenues. We offer our clients all major classifications of nurses, including registered nurses and licensed practical nurses, across all specialties such as pediatric, geriatric, intensive care unit and cardiovascular. We provide per diem personnel to a variety of healthcare facilities including acute care hospitals, nursing homes, clinics and surgical and ambulatory care centers. We serve both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations that range in scope from one facility to national chains with over 100 facilities. The allied staffing portion of our business, which represented approximately 16% of our 2004 fiscal year revenues, specializes in providing allied professionals to hospitals, nursing homes, clinics and surgical and ambulatory care centers, both on a per diem and a travel basis. We believe our allied healthcare business to be among the largest in the country as measured by revenues. Allied staffing specialties that we staff include diagnostic imaging and radiology technicians, clinical laboratory technicians, rehabilitation specialists, pharmacists and respiratory therapists. The travel nurse staffing portion of our business, which represents approximately 9% of our 2004 fiscal year revenues, provides nurses and surgical technicians to hospitals across the country for assignments lasting over thirteen weeks. The per diem general staffing portion of our business, which represents less than 1% of our 2004 fiscal year revenues, places individuals in a variety of areas including clerical, janitorial and food services.
 
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During the second quarter of 2003, we discontinued our physician staffing operation, and as such, the results of operations from these services are shown separately, as a total amount, in our consolidated statements of operations for all years presented.
 
National Branch Network
 
We currently operate an integrated network, which consists of over 125 per diem branches located in over 40 states as of December 26, 2004. Our branches are organized into several geographic regions, each of which is coordinated by a regional director. These branches serve as our direct contact with our healthcare professionals and clients and are active in recruiting, scheduling, and sales and marketing. Each branch is responsible for covering a specific local geographic region. Our typical branch is staffed with four or five professionals who are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the business. These professionals include a branch manager, two to three staffing coordinators, and a payroll administrator.
 
The cost structure of our typical branch is primarily fixed, consisting of limited personnel, office space rent, information systems infrastructure and supplies. We have been able to develop a highly efficient branch management model that is easily scaleable to meet increasing demand.
 
Recruitment and Retention
 
Our ability to recruit and retain a pool of talented, motivated and highly credentialed healthcare professionals is critical to our success. Our active pool of professionals was greater than 31,000 in 2004. We typically attract new recruits via word of mouth. Over 80% of our senior operations management have nursing or other clinical backgrounds. We believe this depth of clinical experience helps us understand the needs of clinical personnel and enhances our reputation in the industry as an advocate for nurses and other healthcare professionals, improving our ability to recruit such personnel. In addition, we offer competitive benefits packages that differentiate us from the smaller, local per diem staffing companies with which we compete, and which are typically unable to offer the package of services and benefits that we offer. We believe our competitive advantages in recruiting skilled personnel include the ability to offer the following opportunities to our personnel:
 
·  
Flexible Staffing Assignments. We provide our professionals with the flexibility to tailor their staffing schedules to accommodate lifestyle choices. There are many reasons why qualified nurses choose to work on a per diem basis, but most are motivated by the ability to balance their profession with their other responsibilities and interests. Our professionals are able to choose not only when they work but also where they work. Our scheduling systems are designed to place our professionals in facilities and shifts where they have had a productive and positive experience with our clients.
 
·  
Competitive Benefits Package. We believe that we were the first per diem healthcare staffing company to offer a comprehensive benefits program for qualified per diem staff. Our program includes a matching 401(k) plan and access to group discounted benefits such as health, dental, life, disability and general liability insurances for healthcare professionals who work for us for a specified minimum number of hours per month for more than one month.
 
·  
Choice of Pay Frequency—Including Daily. Our ability to offer pay as frequently as daily provides our professionals with another key element of flexibility. Rather than waiting for the end of a traditional weekly or biweekly pay period, our professionals can be paid immediately after completing their shifts. This allows our branch staff to maintain an active dialogue with our professionals regarding future assignments. This consistent interaction fosters unique relationships that distinguish us from our competition.
 
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·  
Leading Continuing Educational Programs. We also offer continuing education courses as a means to improve our pool of nurses as well as to maintain proper compliance. We have a unique relationship with Florida Atlantic University’s College of Nursing. The College of Nursing faculty develops continuing education courses that we offer online through our website. Our nurses can obtain continuing education units (CEUs) that many states require to educate our nurses regarding changing technology and clinical practices. Our courses are fully accredited by the American Nurses Credentialing Center of Excellence and the Florida Board of Nursing.
 
We have several proven recruitment channels that consistently augment our pool of healthcare professionals at low marginal cost. In 2004, we spent approximately 1% of our revenues on recruitment activities. Our recruiting activities include print advertisements in local newspapers and in trade journals, mailings, Internet listings and solicitations at trade conventions.
 
Quality Management
 
We have developed a substantial clinical quality improvement program to uphold our high standards in recruiting healthcare professionals. Our two-step internal process ensures that all of our temporary professionals have the proper credentials, skills and experience for their assignments. We have found that our adherence to high quality management standards is an integral component of satisfying both clients and professionals with our placements. Our two-step process for quality management includes the following:
 
Pre-employment Qualifications. All of our healthcare professionals undergo a rigorous screening process that includes requirements such as a minimum of one year of related work experience and the successful completion of written tests specific to their area of specialty. Each applicant is then interviewed in person by a local branch manager. This sets us apart from our competitors who often do not conduct face-to-face interviews. We also check prior work references, confirm the validity of the applicant’s professional license(s) and screen the applicant for any criminal activity and drug abuse. All of these standards comply with or exceed those required by Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) and Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO).
 
Placement and Ongoing Monitoring. Once we have hired a healthcare professional, we enter all of the professional’s data into our database, which tracks any “renewal dates” with respect to licenses and continuing education requirements. Our database also matches our clients’ needs with our available pool of professionals. We strive to place our professionals in facilities where they have previously worked in order to enhance the continuity of our services to our clients. If this is not possible, we provide our professionals with pre-staffing orientation to the facility. By taking these steps, we ensure that the healthcare professional is comfortable with the facility’s physical layout, permanent staff and clinical protocols. We also continually monitor the performance of our professionals through evaluations and client feedback, among other things. In addition, our clients may access our database remotely (via the Internet), which provides them the ability to view the credentials of the professionals being staffed at their facilities.
 
Sales and Marketing
 
We have developed a three-pronged approach to our sales and marketing activities in order to address the different levels of decision makers at our clients’ facilities:
 
Our first level of business development and relationship management is with the purchasing manager, administrator(s) or chief nursing officer at a group of facilities we service. Commonly-owned hospitals, nursing home chains and healthcare group alliances often purchase temporary staffing services for multiple facilities under a single contract, and a single person typically manages the selection process. A senior member of our staff, the regional director and, in certain circumstances, the Executive Vice President of Nurse Per Diem Operations, negotiate contractual terms and pricing with such groups of facilities.
 
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Our second level of business development and relationship management is with the director of nursing or a nurse/allied department manager who reviews our services from a clinical competency and quality hiring standards perspective. Our regional director and local branch manager establish, build and maintain relationships at this level.
 
Our third level of relationship management is with the facility staffing coordinators and the after-hours and weekend supervisors who are the actual users of the services. Our branch managers and local staffing coordinators regularly contact these buyers to coordinate the daily staffing and scheduling of personnel.
 
Information Systems
 
Our information system for our per diem staffing operation, for which we hold an exclusive twenty-five year license and which we refer to as MSN HealthWorks, is customized to our recruiting, regulatory credentialing, scheduling and billing needs. Not only is the database used as a management tool, but it is also used by our staffing coordinators in each branch to respond quickly to client questions and requests. MSN HealthWorks’ applications and its supporting infrastructure house and organize all of our client and employee information. Electronic files are maintained on our client facilities, detailing historical and prospective requests for staffing. These files also contain facility-specific procedures and protocols so that we can ensure that our healthcare professionals integrate quickly. Each employee’s electronic file contains the employee’s credentials, test scores, employment record and availability. This data enables our branch-office staff to automatically match open requests with qualified candidates.
 
MSN HealthWorks also monitors billing records using time cards to generate invoices for our clients and paycheck information for our employees. MSN HealthWorks operates as a single entry system, meaning that the initial shift confirmation entry enables our payroll to be generated at the branch level on a daily basis and the invoicing to be generated at our corporate office. This system enables us not only to monitor costs and compliance, but also to ensure that we respond to client requests as quickly as possible. We typically fill a client staffing request in less than 15 minutes.
 
We have adapted MSN HealthWorks to provide our clients with functionality for budgeting and access to nurse and employee credentials via the Internet
 
Competition
 
The temporary healthcare staffing industry is highly competitive. We compete with both national firms and local and regional firms. We compete with these firms to attract nurses and other healthcare professionals as temporary healthcare professionals and to attract hospital and healthcare facility clients. We compete for temporary healthcare professionals on the basis of the quantity, diversity and quality of assignments available, compensation packages, and the benefits that we provide to temporary healthcare professionals while they are on assignment. We compete for hospital and healthcare facility clients on the basis of the quality of our temporary healthcare professionals, the timely availability of our professionals with the requisite skills, quality and scope, price and geographic reach of our services.
 
The per diem market includes many local operators and is highly fragmented. The per diem staffing business requires a local presence in every market served since an important relationship exists between the local branch and the healthcare facility. We believe, however, that larger, nationally established firms enjoy distinct competitive advantages over smaller, local and regional competitors in the healthcare staffing industry. Larger and more established firms have a critical mass of available nursing candidates, substantial word-of-mouth referral networks and established brand names, enabling them to attract a consistent flow of new applicants. Larger firms can also more easily provide payroll services, which are cash flow intensive, to healthcare providers. As a result, sizable and established firms such as ours have had a significant advantage over small participants.
 
Some of our large competitors in the temporary healthcare staffing industry include AMN Healthcare Services, Inc., Cross Country Healthcare, Inc. and InteliStaf Healthcare, Inc.
 
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Professional Liability Insurance
 
We retain the first $1.0 million, per occurrence, of risk associated with professional liability. We maintain a professional liability insurance policy for losses in excess of this per occurrence amount. We believe this is sufficient for the risks associated with our business. Medical malpractice claims against us relating to our healthcare professionals are defended by our insurance carrier. We have indemnity agreements with approximately 80% of our clients which state that we will defend, indemnify and hold harmless those clients against any act of omission or willful or reckless acts, including negligence and misconduct. A majority of such agreements are reciprocal.
 
Trademarks and Service Marks
 
The service mark “Medical Staffing Network, Inc.” (Name and Logo), which was registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office as of May 6, 2003, and the trade name “Medical Staffing Network” are each owned and licensed from Medical Staffing Network Assets, LLC, our indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary.
 
Government Regulation
 
The healthcare industry is subject to extensive and complex federal and state laws and regulations relating to professional licensure, conduct of operations, payment for services and payment for referrals. The extensive and complex laws that apply to our hospital and healthcare facility clients, including laws related to Medicare, Medicaid and other federal and state healthcare programs, could indirectly affect the demand or the prices paid for our services. For example, our hospital and healthcare facility clients could suffer civil and/or criminal penalties and/or be excluded from participating in Medicare, Medicaid and other healthcare programs if they fail to comply with the laws and regulations applicable to their businesses.
 
Our business, however, is not directly impacted by or subject to the laws and regulations that generally govern the healthcare industry, because we provide services on a contract basis and are paid directly by our hospital and other healthcare facility clients.
 
Some states require state licensure for businesses that employ and/or assign healthcare personnel to provide healthcare services on-site at hospitals and other healthcare facilities. We hold a Temporary Healthcare Staffing License in the following jurisdictions in which we do business that require such licenses: Connecticut, Delaware, the District of Columbia, Florida, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, Nevada, North Carolina, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas and Washington.
 
Most of our temporary healthcare professionals are required to be individually licensed or certified under applicable state laws. We take reasonable steps to ensure that our professionals possess all necessary licenses and certifications in all material respects. These steps include: each employee must present an original version of a state issued license; we validate each employee’s identity through government issued photo identification; we call or verify online each employee’s license with the applicable state board prior to assignment; and, a copy of the license is maintained in the employee’s personnel file and expiration dates are monitored through MSN HealthWorks.
 
Seasonality
 
Due to the regional and seasonal fluctuations in the hospital patient census of our hospital and healthcare facility clients and due to the seasonal preferences for destinations by our temporary healthcare professionals, the number of healthcare professionals on assignment, revenue and earnings are subject to moderate seasonal fluctuations. Many of our hospital and healthcare facility clients are located in areas, particularly Florida, that experience seasonal fluctuations in population, during the winter and summer months. These facilities adjust their staffing levels to accommodate the change in this seasonal demand and many of these facilities utilize temporary healthcare professionals to satisfy these seasonal staffing needs.
 
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Historically, the number of temporary healthcare professionals on assignment has increased from December through March followed by declines or minimal growth from April through November. This pattern may or may not continue in the future. As a result of all of these factors, results of any one quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other quarter or for any year.
 
Employees
 
As of December 26, 2004, we employed 1,132 people in the following areas: 852 in branch and regional operations staff and 280 in corporate office staff. In addition, during 2004 we employed over 31,000 temporary staff and healthcare professionals. We do not have any organized labor unions. We believe we have excellent relationships with our employees.
 
Generally, our per diem and travel staff are our employees. However, our certified registered nurse anesthetists and anesthesiologists are, and before discontinuation of our physician staffing business our physicians were, independent contractors. We have not entered into any employment agreements with any of our healthcare professionals.
 
Available Information
 
We file annual, quarterly and current reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available free of charge in the “Investor Relations” section of our website at www.msnhealth.com. These reports, and any amendments to these reports, are made available on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
In addition, our website, www.msnhealth.com, includes, free of charge, items related to corporate governance matters, including our Corporate Governance Guidelines, charters of various committees of our Board of Directors and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to our employees, officers and directors. A printed copy of our Corporate Governance Guidelines and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available without charge by sending a written request to: Secretary, Medical Staffing Network Holdings, Inc., 901 Yamato Road, Suite 110, Boca Raton, Florida 33431.
 
Risk Factors
 
There are a number of factors, including those specified below, which may adversely affect our business, financial results or stock price. Additional risks that we do not know about or that we currently view as immaterial may also impair our business or adversely impact our financial results or stock price.
 
Risks Related to Our Business and Industry
 
If we are unable to attract qualified nurses and allied healthcare professionals for our healthcare staffing business, our business could be negatively impacted.
 
We rely significantly on our ability to attract and retain nurses and allied healthcare professionals who possess the skills, experience and licenses necessary to meet the requirements of our hospital and healthcare facility clients. We compete for healthcare staffing personnel with other temporary healthcare staffing companies and with hospitals and healthcare facilities. We must continually evaluate and expand our temporary healthcare professional network to keep pace with our hospital and healthcare facility clients’ needs. Currently, there is a shortage of qualified nurses in most areas of the United States, competition for nursing personnel is increasing, and salaries and benefits have risen. We may be unable to continue to increase the number of temporary healthcare professionals that we recruit, thereby decreasing the potential for growing our business. Our ability to attract and retain temporary healthcare professionals depends on several factors, including our ability to provide temporary healthcare professionals with assignments that they view as attractive and to provide them with competitive benefits and wages. We cannot assure you that we will be
 
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successful in any of these areas. The cost of attracting temporary healthcare professionals and providing them with attractive benefits packages may be higher than we anticipate and, as a result, if we are unable to pass these costs on to our hospital and healthcare facility clients, our profitability could decline. Moreover, if we are unable to attract and retain temporary healthcare professionals, the quality of our services to our hospital and healthcare facility clients may decline and, as a result, we could lose clients.
 
Contraction of demand for our temporary nurses may continue if unemployment rates remain high or increase and hospital admissions levels remain lower than projected.
 
Demand for temporary nurses is currently experiencing a period of contraction. Due to the current difficult economic times, while slightly improved over the past year, the unemployment rate remains high, which we believe has resulted in nurses in many households becoming a primary wage earner, and which is causing such nurses to seek more traditional full-time employment. Additionally, hospitals are experiencing lower than projected admissions levels and are placing greater reliance on existing full-time staff, resulting in increased overtime and nurse-patient loads. Consequently, our service revenues and gross profit margins have been under pressure. In June 2003, we completed a plan to restructure our operations by closing 29 branches. The restructuring was in response to the current contraction in demand for our services and was necessary to adjust the infrastructure we had put in place to support multiple growth initiatives. If these industry trends continue, our revenues and gross profit margins may decline.
 
We operate in a highly competitive market and our success depends on our ability to remain competitive in obtaining and retaining hospital and healthcare facility clients and temporary healthcare professionals.
 
The temporary healthcare staffing business is highly competitive. We compete in national, regional and local markets with full-service staffing companies and with specialized temporary staffing agencies. Some of our competitors in the temporary nurse staffing sector are AMN Healthcare Services, Inc., Cross Country Healthcare, Inc. and InteliStaf Healthcare, Inc. Some of our competitors may have greater marketing and financial resources than we do. Competition for hospital and healthcare facility clients and temporary healthcare professionals may increase in the future and, as a result, we may not be able to remain competitive. To the extent competitors seek to gain or retain market share by reducing prices or increasing marketing expenditures, we could lose revenues or hospital and healthcare facility clients. Furthermore, our margins could decline, which could seriously harm our operating results and cause the price of our stock to decline. In addition, the development of alternative recruitment channels could lead our hospital and healthcare facility clients to bypass our services, which would also cause our revenues and margins to decline.
 
Our business depends upon our continued ability to secure and fill new orders from our hospital and healthcare facility clients, because we do not have long-term agreements or exclusive contracts with them.
 
We do not have long-term agreements or exclusive guaranteed order contracts with our hospital and healthcare facility clients. The success of our business depends upon our ability to continually secure new orders from hospitals and other healthcare facilities and to fill those orders with our temporary healthcare professionals. Our hospital and healthcare facility clients are free to place orders with our competitors and may choose to use temporary healthcare professionals that our competitors offer them. Therefore, we must maintain positive relationships with our hospital and healthcare facility clients. If we fail to maintain positive relationships with our hospital and healthcare facility clients, we may be unable to generate new temporary healthcare professional orders and our business may be adversely affected.
 
Reacting to concerns over agency utilization in prior years, hospitals and other healthcare facilities have devised strategies to reduce agency expenditure and limit overall agency utilization. If current pressures to control agency usage continue and escalate, we will have fewer business opportunities, which could harm our business.
 
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Fluctuations in patient occupancy at our hospital and healthcare facility clients may adversely affect the demand for our services and therefore the profitability of our business.
 
Demand for our temporary healthcare staffing services is significantly affected by the general level of patient occupancy at our hospital and healthcare facility clients. When occupancy increases, hospitals and other healthcare facilities often add temporary employees before full-time employees are hired. As occupancy decreases, hospitals and other healthcare facilities typically reduce their use of temporary employees before undertaking layoffs of their regular employees. In addition, we may experience more competitive pricing pressure during periods of occupancy downturn. Occupancy at our hospital and healthcare facility clients also fluctuates due to the seasonality of some elective procedures. We are unable to predict the level of patient occupancy at any particular time and its effect on our revenues and earnings.
 
Healthcare reform could negatively impact our business opportunities, revenues and margins.
 
The U.S. government has undertaken efforts to control increasing healthcare costs through legislation, regulation and voluntary agreements with medical care providers and drug companies. In the recent past, the U.S. Congress has considered several comprehensive healthcare reform proposals. The proposals were generally intended to expand healthcare coverage for the uninsured and reduce the growth of total healthcare expenditures. While the U.S. Congress did not adopt any comprehensive reform proposals, members of Congress may raise similar proposals in the future. If any of these proposals are approved, hospitals and other healthcare facilities may react by spending less on healthcare staffing, including nurses. If this were to occur, we would have fewer business opportunities, which could seriously harm our business.
 
Several state governments have also attempted to control increasing healthcare costs. For example, the state of Massachusetts has implemented a regulation that limits the hourly rate billable by and payable to temporary nursing agencies for registered nurses, licensed practical nurses and certified nurses’ aides. The state of Minnesota has also implemented a statute that limits the amount that nursing agencies may charge nursing homes. Several states have also proposed legislation that would limit the amounts that temporary staffing companies may charge. Any such current or proposed laws could seriously harm our business, revenues and margins.
 
Furthermore, third party payors, such as health maintenance organizations, increasingly challenge the prices charged for medical care. Failure by hospitals and other healthcare facilities to obtain full reimbursement from those third party payors could reduce the demand or the price paid for our staffing services.
 
There is a growing trend to restrict mandatory healthcare worker overtime requirements by employers and to establish nurse-patient ratios. The state of California has already enacted such legislation and several other states have similar legislation pending. This legislation could ultimately have a potential positive or negative impact on our business.
 
We operate in a regulated industry and changes in regulations or violations of regulations may result in increased costs or sanctions that could reduce our revenues and profitability.
 
The healthcare industry is subject to extensive and complex federal and state laws and regulations related to professional licensure, conduct of operations, payment for services and payment for referrals. If we fail to comply with the laws and regulations that are directly applicable to our business, we could suffer civil and/or criminal penalties or be subject to injunctions or cease and desist orders.
 
The extensive and complex laws that apply to our hospital and healthcare facility clients, including laws related to Medicare, Medicaid and other federal and state healthcare programs, could indirectly affect the demand or the prices paid for our services. For example, our hospital and healthcare facility clients could suffer civil and/or criminal penalties and/or be excluded from participating in Medicare, Medicaid and other healthcare programs if they fail to comply with the laws and regulations applicable to their businesses. In addition, our hospital and healthcare facility clients could receive reduced reimbursements, or be excluded from coverage, because of a change in the rates or conditions set by federal or state governments. In turn, violations of or changes to these laws and regulations that
 
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adversely affect our hospital and healthcare facility clients could also adversely affect the prices that these clients are willing or able to pay for our services.
 
JCAHO is creating a set of standards by which to certify healthcare staffing providers. Healthcare staffing companies will be reviewed by JCAHO to ensure that they are compliant with the standards. Healthcare facilities could potentially use only those providers that obtain certification. If we do not meet the standards created by JCAHO, it could potentially have a material effect on our business.
 
We are dependent on the proper functioning of our information systems.
 
We are dependent on the proper functioning of our information systems in operating our business. Critical information systems used in daily operations identify and match staffing resources and client assignments and regulatory credentialing scheduling. They also perform billing and accounts receivable functions. Our information systems are vulnerable to fire, storm, flood, power loss, telecommunications failures, physical or software break-ins and similar events. If our information systems fail or are otherwise unavailable, these functions would have to be accomplished manually, which could impact our ability to identify business opportunities quickly, maintain billing and clinical records reliably, pay our staff in a timely fashion and bill for services efficiently.
 
Competition for acquisition opportunities may restrict our future growth by limiting our ability to make acquisitions at reasonable valuations.
 
Since our founding in 1998, we have completed 26 acquisitions. Our business strategy includes increasing our market share and presence in the temporary healthcare staffing industry through strategic acquisitions of companies that complement or enhance our business. We have historically faced competition for acquisitions. In the future, this could limit our ability to grow by acquisitions or could raise the prices of acquisitions and make them less accretive to us. In addition, restrictive covenants in our credit facility, including a covenant that requires us to obtain the approval of our lenders for any acquisition with a purchase price over $3 million, may limit our ability to complete desirable acquisitions. If we are unable to secure necessary financing under our credit facility or otherwise, we may be unable to complete desirable acquisitions.
 
We may face difficulties integrating our acquisitions into our operations and our acquisitions may be unsuccessful, involve significant cash expenditures or expose us to unforeseen liabilities.
 
We continually evaluate opportunities to acquire healthcare staffing companies that complement or enhance our business and frequently have preliminary acquisition discussions with some of these companies.
 
These acquisitions involve numerous risks, including:
 
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potential loss of key employees or clients of acquired companies;
 
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difficulties integrating acquired personnel and distinct cultures into our business;
 
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difficulties integrating acquired companies into our operating, financial planning and financial reporting systems;
 
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