UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
/X/ |
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 [NO FEE REQUIRED] |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001
OR
| / / | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 [NO FEE REQUIRED] |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 0-19978
ALASKA AIRLINES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Alaska (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
92-0009235 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
19300 Pacific Highway South, Seattle, Washington 98188
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (206) 431-7079
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Title of Class
Common Stock, $1.00 Par Value
As of December 31, 2001, common shares outstanding totaled 500.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /X/ No / /
The registrant meets the conditions set forth in General Instructions I of Form 10-K and is therefore filing this Form 10-K with the reduced disclosure format. Items 4, 6, 10, 11, 12 and 13 have been omitted in accordance with such Instruction I.
The registrants parent, Alaska Air Group, Inc. (File No. 1-8957), files reports with the Commission pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Exhibit Index begins on page 34.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
GENERAL INFORMATION
Alaska Airlines, Inc. (Alaska or the Company) is a wholly owned subsidiary of
Alaska Air Group, Inc. Alaska Air Group, Inc. is a holding company that also
owns Horizon Air Industries, Inc. (Horizon). Alaska is a major airline that was
organized in 1932 and incorporated in the state of Alaska in 1937. Alaska became
a wholly owned subsidiary of Alaska Air Group, Inc. in 1985 pursuant to a
reorganization of Alaska into a holding company structure. Alaska Air Group,
Inc. is a registrant pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities and Exchange
Act of 1934 (Commission File No. 1-8957). Alaskas executive offices are located
at 19300 Pacific Highway South, Seattle, Washington 98188. In 2001, Alaska
accounted for 82% of Alaska Air Group, Inc.s total operating
revenues.
Horizon, a Washington corporation, began service in 1981 and was acquired by Alaska Air Group, Inc. in 1986. Horizon is a regional airline, that operates in the Pacific Northwest, Northern California and Western Canada.
Operations
Alaska Airlines is an Alaska corporation that was organized in 1932 and
incorporated in 1937. Alaska principally serves 36 cities in six western states
(Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, and Arizona), Vancouver, Canada
and six cities in Mexico. Alaska also provides non-stop service between
Anchorage and Chicago and between Seattle and Washington D.C. In each year since
1973, Alaska has carried more passengers between Alaska and the U.S. mainland
than any other airline. In 2001, Alaska carried 13.7 million revenue passengers.
Passenger traffic within Alaska and between Alaska and the U.S. mainland
accounted for 24% of Alaskas 2001 revenue passenger miles, West Coast traffic
(including Vancouver, Canada) accounted for 66% and the Mexico markets 10%.
Based on passenger enplanements, Alaskas leading airports are Seattle,
Portland, Los Angeles, and Anchorage. Based on revenues, its leading nonstop
routes are SeattleAnchorage, SeattleLos Angeles, and SeattleSan Diego. At
December 31, 2001, Alaskas operating fleet consisted of 101 jet aircraft.
Alaska distinguishes itself from competitors by providing a higher level of customer service. The airlines excellent service in the form of advance seat assignments, expedited checkin, a firstclass section, attention to customer needs, highquality food and beverage service, wellmaintained aircraft, and other amenities has been recognized by independent studies and surveys of air travelers.
Alliances with Other Airlines
Alaska and Horizon have marketing alliances with other airlines that provide
reciprocal frequent flyer mileage accrual and redemption privileges and
codesharing on certain flights as set forth below. Alliances enhance Alaskas
and Horizons revenues by (a) providing our customers more value by offering
them more travel destinations and better mileage accrual/redemption
opportunities, (b) gaining us access to more connecting traffic from other
airlines, and (c) providing members of our alliance partners frequent flyer
programs an opportunity to travel on Alaska and Horizon while earning mileage
credit in the alliance partners programs.
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| Major U.S. or International Airlines |
Frequent Flyer Agreement |
Codesharing Alaska Flight # on Flights Operated by Other Airline |
Codesharing Other Airline Flight # On Flights Operated by Alaska/Horizon |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Airlines | Yes | Yes | No | |||
| British Airways | Yes | No | No | |||
| Continental Airlines | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||
| Hawaiian Airlines | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||
| KLM | Yes | No | Yes | |||
| Lan Chile | Yes | No | Yes | |||
| Northwest Airlines | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||
| Qantas | Yes | No | Yes | |||
Commuter Airlines |
||||||
| American Eagle | Yes | * | Yes | No | ||
| Era Aviation | Yes | * | Yes | No | ||
| PenAir | Yes | * | Yes | No |
* This airline does not have its own frequent flyer program. However, Alaskas Mileage Plan members can accrue and redeem miles on this airlines route system.
Recent Developments
On September 11, 2001, the United States was attacked by terrorists using four
hijacked jets of two U.S. airlines. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
shut down all commercial airline flight operations for September 11 and 12. The
Company resumed flight operations at reduced levels on September 13. These
events, combined with slowing economic conditions, had a significant negative
impact on demand for airline travel. Throughout the industry, airlines cut
capacity and instituted a variety of costsaving measures.
The attacks had a significant impact on the operating results of the Company. In the 4th quarter of 2001, Alaska reduced its flight schedule by approximately 13%. However, the Company was not able to proportionally reduce operating costs due to the fixed costs the Company continued to incur, such as aircraft rent and contract guaranteed wages. Also, as a result of the terrorist attacks, credit rating agencies downgraded the longterm credit ratings of most U.S. airlines and their related entities, including Alaska Air Group, Inc.
On September 22, 2001, the U.S. Government passed the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act (the Act) to provide $5 billion of cash compensation and $10 billion of loan guarantees to U.S. airlines. The purpose of the Act was to compensate the airlines for direct and incremental losses for the period September 11 through December 31, 2001 as a result of the September 11 terrorist attacks. As of December 31, 2001, Alaska had received $71.6 million of the $5 billion cash compensation.
Security
On November 19, 2001 the U.S. Government enacted the Aviation and Transportation
Security Act (the Security Act). The Security Act provides for the establishment
of the Transportation Security Administration (the TSA) within the United States
Department of Transportation (DOT), which will be responsible for aviation
security. The TSA is to assume security functions for the FAA and passenger
screening functions currently performed or contracted by the airlines by
February 17, 2002. By November 19, 2002,
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the TSA will be responsible for all passenger, baggage, and cargo screening functions and security, utilizing Federal employees. Also under the Security Act, effective in February 2002, a $2.50 per enplanement security fee (maximum $5.00 per oneway trip) was imposed on passengers. The TSA may also impose a fee upon air carriers to pay the difference between security costs and the amount collected from the fee, limited to what the carrier paid in 2000 for security.
BUSINESS RISKS
The Companys operations and financial results are subject to various
uncertainties, such as intense competition, volatile fuel prices, a largely
unionized labor force, the need to finance large capital expenditures,
government regulation, potential aircraft incidents and general economic
conditions. This report may contain forwardlooking statements that are based on
the best information currently available to management. The forwardlooking
statements are intended to be subject to the safe harbor protection provided by
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. These forwardlooking statements are indicated by phrases
such as the Company believes, we anticipate or any other language indicating
a prediction of future events. Whether these statements are ultimately accurate
depends on a number of outside factors that the Company cannot predict or
control. The Company disclaims any obligation to update or revise any
forwardlooking statement. The following discussion of business risks sets forth
the principal foreseeable risks and uncertainties that may materially affect
these predictions.
Competition
Competition in the air transportation industry is intense. Any domestic air
carrier deemed fit by the DOT is allowed to operate scheduled passenger service
in the United States. Alaska carries approximately 2.2% of all U.S. domestic
passenger traffic. Alaska competes with one or more domestic or foreign airlines
on most of its routes. Some of these competitors are substantially larger than
Alaska, have greater financial resources, and have more extensive route systems.
Most major U.S. carriers have developed, independently or in partnership with others, large computerized reservation systems (CRS). Airlines, including Alaska and Horizon, are charged industryset fees to have their flight schedules included in the various CRS displays used by travel agents and airlines. These systems are currently the predominant means of distributing airline tickets. In order to reduce anticompetitive practices, the DOT regulates the display of all airline schedules and fares. Air carriers are increasingly distributing their services on the Internet through various airline joint venture or independent websites. The Company currently participates in a number of these distribution channels, but it cannot predict the terms on which it may be able to continue to participate in these or other sites, or their effect on the Companys ability to compete with other airlines.
Fuel
Fuel costs were 14.8% of the Companys total operating expenses in 2001. Fuel
prices, which can be volatile and are largely outside of the Companys control,
can have a significant impact on the Companys operating results. Currently, a
onecent change in the fuel price per gallon affects annual fuel costs by
approximately $3.1 million. The Company believes that operating fuelefficient
aircraft is an effective hedge against high fuel prices. The Company also
purchases fuel
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hedge contracts to reduce its exposure to fluctuations in the price of jet fuel. See Item 7, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a discussion of the Companys fuel hedging activities.
Unionized Labor Force
Labor costs were 36% of the Companys total operating expenses in 2001. Wage
rates can have a significant impact on the Companys operating results. At
December 31, 2001, labor unions represented 84% of Alaskas employees. The air
transportation industry is regulated under the Railway Labor Act, which vests in
the National Mediation Board certain regulatory powers with respect to disputes
between airlines and labor unions. The Company cannot predict the outcome of
union contract negotiations or whether the terms of its labor contracts will
hinder its ability to compete effectively. Nor can the Company control the
variety of actions (e.g. work stoppage or slowdown) unions might take to try to
influence those negotiations.
Leverage and Future Capital Requirements
The Company, like many airlines, is relatively highly leveraged, which increases
the volatility of its earnings. Due to its high fixed costs, including aircraft
lease commitments, a decrease in revenues results in a disproportionately
greater decrease in earnings. In addition, the Company has an ongoing need to
finance new aircraft deliveries, and there is no assurance that such financing
will be available in sufficient amounts or on acceptable terms. See Item 7,
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations for further discussion of liquidity and capital
resources.
Government Regulation; International Routes
Like other airlines, the Company is subject to regulation by the FAA and the
DOT. The FAA, under its mandate to ensure aviation safety, can ground aircraft,
suspend or revoke the authority of an air carrier or its licensed personnel for
failure to comply with Federal Aviation Regulations, and levy civil penalties.
The Company also depends on the efficient operation of the air traffic control
system to ensure reliability of its own operations. The DOT has the authority to
regulate certain airline economic functions including financial and statistical
reporting, consumer protection, computerized reservations systems, essential air
transportation, and international route authority. The Company is subject to
bilateral agreements between the United States and the foreign countries to
which the Company provides service. There can be no assurance that existing
bilateral agreements between the United States and the foreign governments will
continue or that the Companys designation to operate such routes will continue.
The Company is also subject to domestic and international environmental
regulations, including rules on noise and emissions, that may affect the cost or
scope of its services.
Economic Conditions
The demand for both business and leisure air transportation is affected by
regional and national economic conditions. An economic downturn, or changes in
consumer preferences, perceptions or spending patterns, could affect the
Companys ability to sustain its traffic volumes and yields.
Risk of Loss and Liability
The Company is exposed to potential catastrophic losses in the event of aircraft
accidents or terrorist incidents. Although the Company was not directly involved
in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, it experienced significantly
increased costs and reduced revenues as a result.
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These incremental costs and lost revenues arose from the FAAs temporary grounding of the U.S. airline industrys fleet, changing patterns of air travel by the public, increased security, insurance and other costs, higher ticket refunds, reduced load factors and reduced yields. Further terrorist attacks involving commercial aircraft could result in another grounding of the Companys fleet, and would likely result in additional costs and reduced revenues. Consistent with industry standards, the Company maintains rigorous safety, training and maintenance programs, as well as insurance against such losses. However, the cost to maintain adequate insurance to cover passenger and thirdparty liability in the future is unknown. Moreover, any aircraft accident, even if fully insured, could cause a negative public perception of the Company with adverse financial consequences. Additionally, unusually adverse weather can significantly reduce flight operations, resulting in lost revenues and added expenses.
OTHER INFORMATION
Employees
Alaska had 11,025 active fulltime and parttime employees at December 31, 2001.
Alaskas union contracts at December 31, 2001 were as follows:
| Union |
Employee Group |
Number of Employees |
Contract Status |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air Line Pilots Association International |
Pilots |
1,430 |
Amendable 4/30/05 |
|||
Association of Flight Attendants |
Flight attendants |
2,044 |
Amendable 10/19/03 |
|||
International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers |
Rampservice and stock clerks |
1,148 |
Amendable 1/10/04 |
|||
Clerical, office and passenger service |
3,237 |
Amendable 10/29/02 |
||||
Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association |
Mechanics, inspectors and cleaners |
1,284 |
Amendable 12/25/02 |
|||
Mexico Workers Association of Air Transport |
Mexico airport personnel |
88 |
Amendable 4/1/02 |
|||
Transport Workers Union of America |
Dispatchers |
27 |
Amendable 8/9/02 |
Frequent Flyer Program
All major airlines have developed frequent flyer programs as a way of increasing
passenger loyalty. Alaskas Mileage Plan allows members to earn mileage by
flying on Alaska, Horizon and other participating airlines, and by using the
services of nonairline partners, which include a credit card partner, telephone
companies, hotels, and car rental agencies. Alaska is paid by nonairline
partners for the miles it credits to member accounts. With advance notice,
Alaska has the ability to change the Mileage Plan terms, conditions, partners,
mileage credits, and award levels.
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Mileage can be redeemed for free or discounted travel and for other travel industry awards. Upon accumulating the necessary mileage, members notify Alaska of their award selection. Over 75% of the free flight awards on Alaska and Horizon are subject to blackout dates and capacitycontrolled seating. Alaskas miles do not expire. As of yearend 2000 and 2001, Alaska estimated that 1,582,000 and 1,740,000 roundtrip flight awards were eligible for redemption by Mileage Plan members who have mileage credits exceeding the 20,000mile free roundtrip domestic ticket award threshold. Of those eligible awards, Alaska estimated that 1,469,000 and 1,618,000, respectively, would ultimately be redeemed. For the years 1999, 2000 and 2001, approximately 226,000, 281,000, and 310,000 roundtrip flight awards were redeemed and flown on Alaska and Horizon. Those awards represent approximately 3.7% for 1999, 4.8% for 2000, and 5.2% for 2001, of the total passenger miles flown for each period. For the years 1999, 2000 and 2001, approximately 99,000, 137,000, and 154,000 roundtrip flight awards were redeemed and flown on airline partners.
For miles earned by flying on Alaska and travel partners, the estimated incremental cost of providing free travel awards is recognized as a selling expense and accrued as a liability as miles are accumulated. The incremental cost does not include a contribution to overhead, aircraft cost, or profit. Alaska also sells mileage credits to nonairline partners, such as hotels, car rental agencies, and a credit card company. Alaska defers a majority of the sales proceeds, and recognizes these proceeds as revenue when the award transportation is provided. The deferred proceeds are recognized as passenger revenue for awards issued on Alaska and as other revenuenet for awards issued on other airlines. At December 31, 2000 and 2001, the deferred revenue and the total liability for miles outstanding and for estimated payments to partner airlines was $198.5 million and $248.3 million, respectively.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Aircraft
The following table describes the aircraft operated and their average age at
December 31, 2001.
| Aircraft Type |
Passenger Capacity |
Owned |
Leased |
Total |
Average Age in Years |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska Airlines | ||||||||||
| Boeing 737200C | 111 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 20.9 | |||||
| Boeing 737400 | 138 | 8 | 31 | 39 | 6.6 | |||||
| Boeing 737700 | 120 | 16 | | 16 | 1.6 | |||||
| Boeing 737900 | 172 | 5 | | 5 | 0.6 | |||||
| Boeing MD80 | 140 | 15 | 17 | 32 | 11.2 | |||||
| 52 | 49 | 101 | 8.2 | |||||||
Twentyeight of the 52 aircraft owned by Alaska as of December 31, 2001 are subject to liens securing longterm debt. Alaskas leased 737200C, 737400, and MD80 aircraft have lease expiration dates in 2002, between 2003 and 2016, and between 2002 and 2013, respectively. Alaska has the option to extend most of the leases for additional periods, or the right to purchase the aircraft at the end of the lease term, usually at the then fair market value of the aircraft. For information regarding obligations under capital leases and longterm operating leases, see Note 6 to Financial Statements.
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At December 31, 2001, all of Alaskas aircraft met the Stage 3 noise requirements under the Airport Noise and Capacity Act of 1990. However, special noise ordinances restrict the timing of flights operated by Alaska and other airlines at Burbank, Orange County, San Diego, and San Jose. In addition, Orange County and Reagan National airports restrict the type of aircraft and number of flights.
Ground Facilities and Services
Alaska leases ticket counter, gates, cargo and baggage, office space, and other
support areas at the majority of the airports it serves. Alaska also owns
terminal buildings at various Alaska cities. Alaska has centralized operations in
several buildings located at or near SeattleTacoma International Airport
(SeaTac) in Seattle, Washington. The owned buildings, including land unless
located on leased airport property, include: a threebay hangar facility with
maintenance shops; a flight operations and training center; an air cargo
facility; a reservations and office facility; several office buildings; its
corporate headquarters; and two storage warehouses. Alaska also leases a twobay
hangar/office facility at SeaTac. Alaskas other major facilities include: a
regional headquarters building, an air cargo facility, and a leased
hangar/office facility in Anchorage; a Phoenix reservations center; and a leased
twobay maintenance facility in Oakland.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Oakland Maintenance Investigation
In December 1998 the U.S. attorney for the Northern District of California
initiated a grand jury investigation concerning certain 1998 maintenance
activities at Alaskas Oakland maintenance base. The investigation also included
the aircraft involved in the loss of Flight 261 in January 2000. The FAA
separately proposed a civil penalty, which Alaska and the FAA have settled for
an agreed amount. In December 2001 the U.S. attorney notified Alaska that the
evidence it had gathered did not warrant the filing of criminal charges. Alaska
expects no further material activity in this matter.
Flight 261 Litigation
Alaska is a defendant in a number of lawsuits relating to the loss of Flight 261
on January 31, 2000. Representatives of all 88 passengers and crew on board have
filed cases against Alaska, the Boeing Company, and others. The suits seek
unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. In May 2001, the judge presiding
over the majority of the cases ruled that punitive damages are not available
against Alaska. Alaska has settled a number of these cases and continues in its
efforts to settle the remaining ones. Consistent with industry standards, the
Company maintains insurance against aircraft accidents.
Management believes the ultimate disposition of the above matters is not likely to materially affect the Companys financial position or results of operations. This forwardlooking statement is based on managements current understanding of the relevant law and facts; it is subject to various contingencies, including the potential costs and risks associated with litigation and the actions of judges and juries.
The Company is also a party to other ordinary routine litigation incidental to its business and with respect to which no material liability is expected.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET PRICE FOR THE REGISTRANTS COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
All of Alaskas outstanding common stock is held by Alaska Air Group, Inc. and such stock is not traded in any market. No cash dividend has been paid since 1989 and Alaska does not expect to pay regular dividends to Alaska Air Group.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Industry Conditions
The airline industry is cyclical. Generally speaking, economic conditions were
strong during 1999 and 2000, but weakened during 2001. Because the industry has
high fixed costs in relation to revenues, a small change in load factors or fare
levels has a large impact on profits. For most airlines, labor and fuel account
for almost half of operating expenses. The relatively strong economy in 1999 and
2000 has put upward pressure on labor costs. Fuel prices have been volatile in
the last three years. For Alaska Airlines, fuel cost per gallon increased 23% in
1999, increased 54% in 2000 and decreased 15% in 2001.
On September 11, 2001, the United States was attacked by terrorists using hijacked jets of two U.S. airlines. The FAA shut down all commercial airline flight operations for September 11 and 12. Airlines resumed flight operations at reduced levels on September 13. These events, combined with slowing economic conditions, had a significant negative impact on demand for airline travel. Throughout the industry, airlines cut capacity and instituted a variety of costsaving measures. Also as a result of the terrorist attacks, credit rating agencies downgraded the longterm credit ratings of most U.S. airlines and their related entities, including Alaska Air Group, Inc. On September 22, 2001, the U.S. Government passed the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act (the Act) to provide $5 billion of cash compensation and $10 billion of loan guarantees to U.S. airlines. The purpose of the Act was to compensate the airlines for direct and incremental losses for the period September 11 through December 31, 2001 as a result of the September 11 terrorist attacks. As of December 31, 2001, Alaska had received $71.6 million of the $5 billion cash compensation.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
2001 Compared with 2000
The net loss for 2001 was $10.1 million, compared with a loss before accounting
change of $7.4 million in 2000. The operating loss was $69.8 million in 2001,
compared with an operating loss of $13.6 million in 2000. The larger operating
loss was primarily due to the weakening economy, partially offset by a decrease
in fuel costs, and also due to the negative impact of the terrorist attacks, for
which the Company has been partially compensated by the U.S. government. Airline
financial and statistical data is shown following the financial statements. A
discussion of this data follows.
Revenues
Capacity increased 6.7% during the first nine months of 2001 due to normal
growth, but decreased 5.9% in the fourth quarter due to the impact of the
terrorist attacks. Alaska operated approximately 87% of its previously planned
schedule in the fourth quarter. For the full year
8
2001, capacity was up 3.5% but traffic grew by only 2.2%, resulting in a 0.8 point decrease in passenger load factor. In our largest market, Southern California, capacity was slightly lower in 2001 compared to 2000, resulting in flat traffic and a slight increase in load factor (0.2 points). Capacity and traffic gains experienced in the second quarter in this market were offset by decreases in the fourth quarter. In our second largest market, Anchorage/Fairbanks to the U.S. mainland, capacity increased in the uppersingle digits, but traffic increases were not as high, resulting in a decrease in load factor of 2.3 points for the year. Our newest market, Seattle to Washington D.C., which operated primarily in the fourth quarter, had an average load factor for the fourth quarter that was better than the system average.
Passenger yields were up 3.9% in the first quarter due to fuelrelated fare increases implemented in late 2000. In the second and third quarters, yield was down 1.8% and 5.2%, respectively, due to a decline in business passengers and fare sales. Yields were down 7.3% in the fourth quarter due to a combination of fewer business passengers, a drop off in demand due to the events of September 11, and fares sales offered to stimulate demand. For the full year 2001, yields were down 2.7%. The higher traffic combined with the lower yield resulted in a 0.6% decrease in passenger revenue.
Freight and mail revenues, which were also adversely impacted by the September 11 terrorist attacks, increased 2.4%. Prior to September 11, freight revenues were flat compared to 2000, but mail revenues had increased compared to 2000 due to higher yields. Volumes of mail shipped were lower than in 2000, but the rate increases instituted in early 2001 resulted in higher revenues. After September 11, two security measures impacted our freight and mail business: first, the limitation on carrying mail greater than 16 ounces on flights with 60 or more passengers limited our ability to carry mail from Alaska to the U.S. mainland. Second, we may only carry freight from known shippers, which negatively impacted our freight volumes. The effects of these two measures will have a slightly negative impact on revenues in the future.
Othernet revenues increased 17.7%, largely due to increased revenue from the sale of miles in Alaskas frequent flyer program.
Expenses
Excluding fuel and a special charge in 2000, operating expenses grew by $125.4
million, or 8.8%, as a result of a 3.5% increase in ASMs and a 5.1% increase in
cost per ASM. The increase in cost per ASM excluding fuel and special charge was
3.5% for the first nine months of 2001 but jumped to 10.8% in the fourth
quarter, primarily due to the impact of the terrorist attacks and labor costs.
Explanations of significant yearoveryear changes in the components of
operating expenses are as follows:
9
10
Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Net nonoperating income was $56.0 million in 2001 compared to $5.4 million in
2000. The $50.6 million increase was primarily due to U.S government
compensation and interest expense. Alaska recognized $71.6 million of U.S.
government compensation, which was the amount received through December 31, 2001
under the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act described above
under Industry Conditions. We estimate that Alaska is eligible to receive up to
$83.9 million under the Act. The ultimate amount of compensation to be received
is based on submission and approval of Alaskas final application in 2002. This
amount may be higher or lower than the amount of cash that has been received to
date, but management believes Alaska incurred losses in excess of $83.9 million
and will qualify for reimbursement of the maximum amount. Interest expense, net
of capitalized interest, increased $18.7 million due to new debt incurred during
the past 12 months. Effective January 1, 2001, the Company adopted Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments
and Hedging Activities, as amended. SFAS No. 133 requires companies to record
derivatives on the balance sheet as assets or liabilities, measured at fair
value. The Company has fuel hedge contracts that are carried on the balance
sheet at fair value. Each period, the contracts are measured and adjusted to
fair market value. The change in the value of the fuel hedge contracts that
perfectly offsets the change in the value of the aircraft fuel purchase being
hedged is recorded as comprehensive income/loss until the hedged contract is
settled and is then recognized in earnings. To the extent the change in the
value of the fuel hedge contracts does not perfectly offset the change in the
value of the aircraft fuel purchase being hedged, that portion of the hedge is
recognized in earnings. In 2001, $2.6 million of charges were recorded as part
of other nonoperating expense to recognize the changes in fair value of fuel
hedging contracts in accordance with the new standard. As detailed in Note 1 to
the Financial Statements at December 31, 2001, the Company has fuel hedge
contracts for 136 million gallons of projected jet fuel usage in 2002 and 2003,
which represents approximately 24% and 20% of projected usage, respectively.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Company has three critical accounting policies, which have been chosen among
alternatives, that require a more significant amount of management judgment than
other accounting policies the Company employs. They are described below.
Mileage Plan
The Company has a loyalty program that awards miles to passengers who fly on
Alaska and travel partners. Additionally, the Company sells miles to third
parties, such as rental car agencies, for cash. In either case, the outstanding
miles may be redeemed for travel on Alaska, Horizon, or any of our alliance
partners. The Company has an obligation to provide this future travel; therefore
the Company recognizes a liability and the corresponding expense or deferred
revenue for this future obligation.
11
At December 31, 2001, the Company had 63 billion miles outstanding, representing a liability of $248 million. The liability is computed based on several assumptions that require management judgment to estimate and formulate. There are uncertainties inherent in estimates; therefore, an incorrect assumption may impact the amount and/or timing of revenue recognition or Mileage Plan expenses. The most significant assumptions in accounting for the Mileage Plan are described below.
The Company reviews all Mileage Plan estimates each quarter, and changes certain assumptions based on historical trends. The Company adopted this methodology of accounting for the Mileage Plan in June 2000. Apart from the special charge in 2000 related to the adoption of this new methodology, there have been no material effects on the income statement or balance sheet from updating the assumptions in 2000 or 2001.
Aircraft Maintenance
The Company incurs expenses to repair and maintain aircraft. Routine maintenance
and repairs are expensed when incurred. Major airframe and engine overhauls are
capitalized and expensed over the estimated life of the overhaul. Management
uses estimates to determine the appropriate life of an overhaul. For leased
aircraft, the Company is subject to lease provisions that require
12
that a minimum portion of the life of an overhaul be remaining on the airframe and/or engine at the lease return date, or the Company may pay a certain amount if the minimum life is not met. The Company also estimates what the unamortized overhaul and asset values will be at the lease return dates for the leased aircraft. Both of those costs are accrued to a lease return provision on a straightline basis over the lease lives. The provision is reviewed annually and the assumptions regarding overhaul timing and costs are updated. The Company has not recognized any material adjustments in the financial statements in 1999, 2000, or 2001 from revising the lease return reserve assumptions.
Longlived Assets
Due to the events of September 11 and the impact on the airline industry, the
Company evaluated whether the book value of its aircraft was impaired in
accordance with SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of
LongLived Assets and for LongLived Assets to Be Disposed Of.
The Company performed an impairment test, as required by SFAS No. 121, which was
based on the estimated future cash flows to be generated by the Companys
aircraft. Based on this test, the Company determined that no impairment
writedown was necessary for the Companys fleet. There is inherent
risk in estimating the future cash flows used in the impairment test. If cash
flows do not materialize as estimated, there is a risk that an impairment charge
may be necessary in the future. However, the Company believes that the
accounting practices followed with regard to longlived assets are
appropriate and based on the best information available at the time.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The table below presents the major indicators of financial condition and
liquidity.
| |
December 31, 2000 |
December 31, 2001 |
Change |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
(In millions, except debttoequity) |
||||||||
| Cash and marketable securities | $ | 461.6 | $ | 660.6 | $ | 199.0 | |||
| Working capital | 55.8 | 204.5 | 148.7 | ||||||
| Unused credit facility | 150.0 | 0.0 | (150.0) | ||||||
| Longterm debt and capital lease obligations |
609.2 | 863.3 | 254.1 | ||||||
| Shareholders equity | 703.6 | 690.4 | (13.2) | ||||||
| Debttocapital | 46%:54% | 56%:44% | NA | ||||||
| Debttocapital assuming aircraft operating leases are capitalized at seven times annualized rent |
|
|
70%:30% |
|
|
72%:28% |
|
|
NA |
2001 Financial Changes Net cash provided by operating activities was $276.8 million in 2001, compared to $197.7 million in 2000. The increase in 2001 is partially attributable to $71.6 million of U. S. government cash compensation received in 2001. Additional cash was provided by the issuance of $384.5 million of new debt, including $150.0 million borrowed under Alaskas credit facility. The Company used cash generated from operations and the issuance of debt to purchase $341.9 million of capital equipment, including eight new and one used Boeing 737 aircraft, spare parts and airframe and engine overhauls. Cash was also used to repay $153.9 million of debt.
Shareholders equity decreased $13.2 million, primarily due to the net loss of $10.1 million.
13
Financing Activities During 2001, Alaska issued $234.5 million of debt secured by flight equipment, including $64.5 million with fixed interest rates of approximately 6.8% and a term of 12 years. Interest rates on the other $170.0 million varies with LIBOR and has payment terms of 12 to 16.5 years. Additionally, in September 2001, Alaska borrowed $150 million under its credit facility at an interest rate that varies with LIBOR and is payable on or before December 31, 2004.
Commitments In December 2001, Alaska changed its fleet plan to defer delivery of certain Boeing aircraft. The former schedule provided for delivery of four 737s in 2002 and four in 2003. At December 31, 2001, the Company had firm orders for eight aircraft requiring aggregate payments of approximately $220 million, as set forth below. In addition, Alaska has options to acquire 26 more 737s. Alaska expects to finance its new aircraft with leases, longterm debt, or internally generated cash. As previously mentioned, as a result of the events of September 11, credit rating agencies downgraded the longterm credit ratings of most U.S. airlines and their related entities. To date, the Company has not had difficulty obtaining credit on acceptable terms, and does not anticipate problems obtaining credit in the future, but future credit may be at higher rates than prior to September 11.
| |
Delivery PeriodFirm Orders |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aircraft |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
Total |
|||||||||
| Boeing B737700 | | 2 | | 2 | |||||||||
| Boeing B737900 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | |||||||||
| Total | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 | |||||||||
| Payments (Millions) | $ | 50 | $ | 83 | $ | 87 | $ | 220 | |||||
New Accounting Standards In June 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations (effective July 1, 2001) and SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Asets. SFAS 141 prohibits poolingofinterests accounting for acquisitions. Effective January 1, 2002, the Company will adopt SFAS No 142. Under this Statement, the Companys intangible assets are considered to have an indefinite life and will no longer be amortized but instead will be subject to periodic impairment testing. The impact of this change is expected to increase annual net income by $0.5 million. In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations (effective for the Company on January 1, 2003). This Statement addresses financial accounting and reporting for obligations associated with the retirement of tangible longlived assets and the associated asset retirement costs. In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of LongLived Assets (effective for the Company on January 1, 2002). This Statement supersedes SFAS No. 121, Accounting for the Impairment of LongLived Assets and for LongLived Assets to Be Disposed Of and APB Opinion No. 30, Reporting the Results of Operations Reporting the Effects of Disposal of a Segment of a Business, and Extraordinary, Unusual and Infrequently Occurring Events and Transactions. The Company is in the process of evaluating the financial statement impact of SFAS No. 143 and SFAS No. 144.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT
MARKET RISK
The Company does not purchase or hold any derivative financial instruments for
trading purposes. The Company has significant commodity price risk exposure to
jet fuel price increases. Currently, a onecent change in the fuel price per
gallon affects annual fuel costs by
14
approximately $3.1 million. To help manage this exposure, the Company began purchasing primarily crude oil call options during 2000. Settlement of these options during the first half of 2001 resulted in nonoperating expense of $2.6 million for 2001. At December 31, 2001, the Company had swap agreements for crude oil contracts in place to hedge approximately 24% of its 2002 and 20% of its 2003 expected jet fuel requirements. At December 31, 2001, these contracts had unrealized pretax losses of $5.0 million. A hypothetical 10% increase in jet fuel prices would increase 2002 fuel expense by approximately $16 million and 2003 fuel expense by approximately $17 million. A hypothetical 10% decrease in jet fuel prices would decrease 2002 fuel expense by approximately $17 million and 2003 fuel expense by approximately $18 million. This analysis includes the effect of the fuel hedging contracts in place at December 31, 2001. A hypothetical 10% change in the average interest rates incurred on variable rate debt during 2001 would correspondingly change the Companys net earnings and cash flows associated with these items by approximately $3.0 million.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
See Item 14.
ITEM 9. DISAGREEMENTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8K
(a) Financial Statements:
| |
Page(s) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2001 and 2000 | 1718 | |
| Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 |
19 | |
| Statements of Shareholders Equity for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 |
20 | |
| Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 |
21 | |
| Notes to Financial Statements | 2230 | |
| Report of Independent Public Accountants | 32 | |
| Financial Statement Schedule II, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts, for the years ended December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001 |
33 |
See Exhibit Index on page 34
(b) No reports on Form 8K were filed during the fourth quarter of 2001.
15
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| ALASKA AIRLINES, INC. | ||||
By: |
/s/ WILLIAM S. AYER William S. Ayer Chief Executive Officer and President |
Date: February 25, 2002 |
||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on February 25, 2002 on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated.
| /s/ JOHN F. KELLY John F. Kelly |
Chairman and Director | |||
/s/ BRADLEY D. TILDEN Bradley D. Tilden |
Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
|||
/s/ TERRI K. MAUPIN Terri K. Maupin |
Staff Vice President/Finance and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) |
|||
/s/ WILLIAM S. AYER William S. Ayer |
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director |
|||
/s/ GEORGE D. BAGLEY George D. Bagley |
Executive Vice President/Operations and Director |
|||
/s/ RONALD F. COSGRAVE Ronald F. Cosgrave |
Director |
|||
/s/ MARY JANE FATE Mary Jane Fate |
Director |
|||
/s/ R. MARC LANGLAND R. Marc Langland |
Director |
|||
/s/ J. KENNETH THOMPSON J. Kenneth Thompson |
Director |
16
BALANCE SHEETS
Alaska Airlines, Inc.
ASSETS
| As of December 31 (In Millions) |
2000 |
2001 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Assets | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 101.0 | $ | 490.2 | ||
| Marketable securities | 360.6 | 170.4 | ||||
| Receivables from related companies | 53.0 | 71.2 | ||||
| Receivablesless allowance for doubtful accounts (2000 $1.7; 2001 $1.8) | 76.5 | 67.0 | ||||
| Inventories and suppliesnet | 34.5 | 37.8 | ||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | 87.2 | 68.1 | ||||
| Total Current Assets | 712.8 | 904.7 | ||||
| Property and Equipment | ||||||
| Flight equipment | 1,527.2 | 1,856.5 | ||||
| Other property and equipment | 299.3 | 307.4 | ||||
| Deposits for future flight equipment | 192.0 | 87.0 | ||||
| 2,018.5 | 2,250.9 | |||||
| Less accumulated depreciation & amortization | 488.0 | 566.6 | ||||
| 1,530.5 | 1,684.3 | |||||
| Capital leases: | ||||||
| Flight and other equipment | 44.4 | 44.4 | ||||
| Less accumulated amortization | 33.8 | 35.9 | ||||
| 10.6 | 8.5 | |||||
| Total Property and EquipmentNet | 1,541.1 | 1,692.8 | ||||
| Intangible Assets | 13.0 | 12.5 | ||||
| Other Assets | 109.2 | 131.7 | ||||
| Total Assets | $ | 2,376.1 | $ | 2,741.7 | ||
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
17
BALANCE SHEETS
Alaska Airlines, Inc.
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY
| As of December 31 (In Millions Except Share Amounts) |
1999 |
2000 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Liabilities | |||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 117.1 | $ | 96.1 | |||
| Payables to related companies | 0.5 | 4.4 | |||||
| Accrued aircraft rent | 74.2 | 81.7 | |||||
| Accrued wages, vacation and payroll taxes | 59.1 | 67.1 | |||||
| Other accrued liabilities | 127.1 | 188.2 | |||||
| Air traffic liability | 212.3 | 219.5 | |||||
| Current portion of long-term debt and capital lease obligations | 66.7 | 43.2 | |||||
| Total Current Liabilities | 657.0 | 700.2 | |||||
| LongTerm Debt & Capital Lease Obligations | 609.2 | 863.3 | |||||
| Other Liabilities and Credits | |||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 126.1 | 150.5 | |||||
| Deferred revenue | 133.0 | 165.8 | |||||
| Other liabilities | 147.2 | 171.5 | |||||
| 406.3 | 487.8 | ||||||
| Commitments | |||||||
| Shareholders Equity | |||||||
| Common stock, $1 par value Authorized: 1,000 shares Issued: 2000 and 2001500 shares |
| | |||||
| Capital in excess of par value | 324.8 | 324.8 | |||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | | (3.1 | ) | ||||
| Retained earnings | 378.8 | 368.7 | |||||
| 703.6 | 690.4 | ||||||
| Total Liabilities and Shareholder's Equity | $ | 2,376.1 | $ | 2,741.7 | |||
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
18
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Alaska Airlines, Inc.
| Year Ended December 31 (In Millions) |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating Revenues | ||||||||||
| Passenger | $ | 1,519.6 | $ | 1,617.9 | $ | 1,608.3 | ||||
| Freight and mail | 80.0 | 76.4 | 78.2 | |||||||
| Othernet | 81.2 | 54.7 | 64.4 | |||||||
| Total Operating Revenues | 1,680.8 | 1,749.0 | 1,750.9 | |||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||||
| Wages and benefits | 523.9 | 576.7 | 646.7 | |||||||
| Contracted services | 55.6 | 66.1 | 71.2 | |||||||
| Aircraft fuel | 205.2 | 313.1 | 269.8 | |||||||
| Aircraft maintenance | 96.0 | 128.8 | 125.1 | |||||||
| Aircraft rent | 157.2 | 144.3 | 137.6 | |||||||
| Food and beverage service | 49.1 | 51.0 | 55.5 | |||||||
| Commissions | 91.0 | 65.1 | 64.1 | |||||||
| Other selling expenses | 82.2 | 98.5 | 102.7 | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 67.9 | 83.9 | 103.6 | |||||||
| Loss on disposition of assets | 0.4 | 1.3 | 5.0 | |||||||
| Landing fees and other rentals | 66.5 | 74.4 | 99.5 | |||||||
| Other | ||||||||||