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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

Commission File Number: 000-24786

Aspen Technology, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ý    No o

        As of May 13, 2004, there were 41,279,008 shares of the registrant's common stock (par value $0.10 per share) outstanding.

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

ASPEN TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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ASPEN TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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ASPEN TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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ASPEN TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1. Interim Condensed and Consolidated Financial Statements

        In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated condensed financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures required for complete financial statements are not included herein. It is suggested that these unaudited interim consolidated condensed financial statements be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2003, which are contained in the Annual Report on 10-K of Aspen Technology, Inc. (the Company), as previously filed with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented have been included. The consolidated condensed balance sheet presented as of June 30, 2003 has been derived from the consolidated financial statements that have been audited by the Company's independent auditor. The results of operations for the three and nine month periods ended March 31, 2004 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

2. Sale of Installments Receivable

        Installments receivable represent the present value of future payments related to the financing of noncancelable term and perpetual license agreements that provide for payment in installments primarily over a one- to six-year period. A portion of each installment agreement is recognized as interest income in the accompanying consolidated condensed statements of operations. The interest rates utilized for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 were within the range of 7.0% to 7.5%.

        The Company has arrangements to sell certain of its installments receivable to two financial institutions. The Company sold, with limited recourse, certain of its installment contracts for aggregate proceeds of approximately $7.7 million and $41.4 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, respectively, and $16.6 million and $49.2 million during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2003, respectively. The financial institutions have certain recourse to the Company upon nonpayment by the customer under the installments receivable. The amount of recourse is determined pursuant to the provisions of the Company's contracts with the financial institutions. Collections of these receivables reduce the Company's recourse obligations, as defined. Generally, no gain or loss is recognized on the sale of the receivables due to the consistency of the discount rates used by the Company and the financial institutions.

        At March 31, 2004, there was approximately $51 million of additional availability under the arrangements. The Company expects that there will be continued ability to sell installments receivable, as the collection of the sold receivables will reduce the outstanding balance and the availability under the arrangements can be increased. The Company's potential recourse obligation related to these contracts is within the range of $3.0 million to $6.1 million. In addition, the Company is obligated to pay additional costs to the financial institutions in the event of default by the customer.

        In December 2003, the Company entered into an arrangement to sell certain of its accounts receivable to a third financial institution, Silicon Valley Bank, pursuant to which the Company has the ability to sell receivables through January 1, 2005. Under this agreement, the total outstanding balance of sold receivables may not exceed $30 million at any one time. The Company has agreed to act as the

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bank's agent for collection of the sold receivables. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004, the Company sold receivables for aggregate proceeds of $10.4 million and $28.5 million, respectively, under this agreement. As of March 31, 2004 there was $3.8 million in availability.

3. Derivative Instruments and Hedging

        The Company follows the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities." SFAS No. 133, as amended by SFAS No. 138, requires that all derivatives, including foreign currency exchange contracts, be recognized on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. If a derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative are either offset against the change in fair value of assets, liabilities or firm commitments through earnings or recognized in other comprehensive income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative's change in fair value is to be immediately recognized in earnings.

        Forward foreign exchange contracts are used primarily by the Company to hedge certain balance sheet exposures resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Such exposures primarily result from portions of the Company's installments receivable that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily the Euro, the Japanese Yen and the British Pound Sterling. These foreign exchange contracts are entered into to hedge recorded installments receivable made in the normal course of business, and accordingly, are not speculative in nature. As part of its overall strategy to manage the level of exposure to the risk of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, the Company hedges the majority of its installments receivable denominated in foreign currencies.

        In May 2002, as part of the acquisition of Hyprotech, the Company initiated loans with two foreign subsidiaries. The two loans, denominated in British pounds and Canadian dollars, were intended to be a natural hedge against foreign currency risk associated with installment receivable contracts acquired with Hyprotech that were denominated in a currency other than their functional currency. The loan denominated in British pounds was repaid in December 2003 and the loan denominated in Canadian dollars was repaid in January 2004.

        At March 31, 2004, the Company had effectively hedged $9.4 million of installments receivable and accounts receivable denominated in foreign currency. The Company does not hold or transact in financial instruments for purposes other than to hedge foreign currency risk. The gross value of the long-term installments receivable that were denominated in foreign currency was $26.0 million and $29.3 million at March 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The installments receivable held as of March 2004 mature at various times through July 2009. There have been no material net gains or losses recorded relating to hedge contracts for the periods presented.

        The Company records its foreign currency exchange contracts at fair value in its consolidated balance sheet and the related gains or losses on these hedge contracts are recognized in earnings. Gains and losses resulting from the impact of currency exchange rate movements on forward foreign exchange contracts are designated to offset certain accounts and installments receivable and are recognized as other income or expense in the period in which the exchange rates change and offset the foreign currency losses and gains on the underlying exposures being hedged. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003 the net gain recognized in the consolidated statements of

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operations was not material. A small portion of the forward foreign currency exchange contract is designated to hedge the future interest income of the related receivables. The ineffective portion of a derivative's change in fair value is recognized currently through earnings regardless of whether the instrument is designated as a hedge. The gains and losses resulting from the impact of currency rate movements on forward currency exchange contracts are recognized in other comprehensive income for this portion of the hedge. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2004 and 2003, net loss deferred in other comprehensive income was not material.

        The following table provides information about the Company's foreign currency derivative financial instruments outstanding as of March 31, 2004. The information is provided in U.S. dollar amounts (in thousands), as presented in the Company's consolidated financial statements. The table presents the notional amount (at contract exchange rates) and the weighted average contractual foreign currency rates:

*

The estimated fair value is based on the estimated amount at which the contracts could be settled based on the spot rates as of March 31, 2004. The market risk associated with these instruments resulting from currency exchange rate movements is expected to offset the market risk of the underlying installments being hedged. The credit risk is that the Company's banking counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. The Company minimizes such risk by limiting its counterparties to major financial institutions. In addition, the potential risk of loss with any one party resulting from this type of credit risk is monitored. Management does not expect any loss as a result of default by other parties. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will be able to mitigate market and credit risks described above.

4. Stock-Based Compensation Plans

        The Company issues stock options to its employees and outside directors and provides employees the right to purchase stock pursuant to stockholder approved stock option and employee stock purchase programs. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation for employees under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and has elected the disclosure-only alternative under SFAS No. 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148. For pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized over the vesting period, typically four years, and the estimated fair value of the stock purchases is amortized over the six-month purchase period.

        Had compensation cost for the Company's stock plans been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates, as prescribed in SFAS No. 123, the Company's net income (loss) attributable to

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common shareholders, and net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per share would have been as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

        The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions used for grants during the applicable period:

5. Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

        Basic earnings per share was determined by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share was determined by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders by diluted weighted average shares outstanding. Diluted weighted average shares reflects the dilutive effect, if any, of potential common shares. To the extent their effect is dilutive, potential common shares include common stock options and warrants, based on the treasury stock method, convertible debentures and

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preferred stock, based on the if-converted method, and other commitments to be settled in common stock. The calculations of basic and diluted net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per share and basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding are as follows (in thousands, except per share data):