UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003
or
| o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Commission File Number 000-21326
Anika Therapeutics, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
| Massachusetts (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
04-3145961 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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160 New Boston Street, Woburn, Massachusetts (Address of Principal Executive Offices) |
01801 (Zip Code) |
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code): (781) 932-6616
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Yes o No ý
The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of June 30, 2003, the last day of the Registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $19,074,000 based on the average bid and ask price per share of Common Stock of $3.22 as of such date as reported on the NASDAQ National Market. Shares of our Common Stock held by each executive officer, director and each person or entity known to the registrant to be an affiliate have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates; such exclusion shall not be deemed to constitute an admission that any such person is an "affiliate" of the registrant. At March 18, 2004, there were issued and outstanding 9,990,530 shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain information required in response to Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III are hereby incorporated by reference from the registrant's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 10, 2004. Such Proxy Statement shall not be deemed to be "filed" as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K except for the parts therein which have been specifically incorporated by reference herein.
FORM 10-K
ANIKA THERAPEUTICS, INC.
For Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2003
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the documents incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including, without limitation, statements regarding:
Furthermore, additional statements identified by words such as "seek", "designed," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "will," "develop," "would," future," "can," "may," "could," and other expressions that are predictions of, or indicate future events and trends and which do not relate to historical matters identify forward-looking statements.
You should not rely on forward-looking statements because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond our control, including those factors described in the section titled "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating Results," in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause our actual results, performance or
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achievement to be materially different from the anticipated future results, performance or achievement, expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based upon the current assumptions of our management and are only expectations of future results. You should carefully review all of these factors, and you should be aware that there may be other factors that could cause these differences, including those factors discussed in the sections titled "Business" and "Management's Discussions and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect changes in underlying assumptions or factors, of new information, future events or other changes.
Overview
Anika Therapeutics develops, manufactures and commercializes therapeutic products and devices intended to promote the protection and healing of bone, cartilage and soft tissue. These products are based on hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring, biocompatible polymer found throughout the body. Due to its unique biophysical and biochemical properties, HA plays an important role in a number of physiological functions such as the protection and lubrication of soft tissues and joints, the maintenance of the structural integrity of tissues, and the transport of molecules to and within cells. Our currently marketed products consist of ORTHOVISC®, which is an HA product used in the treatment of some forms of osteoarthritis in humans, and HYVISC®, which is an HA product used in the treatment of equine osteoarthritis. In December 2003 we entered into a licensing, distribution, supply and marketing agreement with Ortho Biotech Products, L.P., a member of the Johnson & Johnson family of companies, for ORTHOVISC covering the U.S. and Mexico, and in February 2004 we received marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for ORTHOVISC. ORTHOVISC has been approved for sale and marketed internationally since 1996. HYVISC is marketed in the U.S. through Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. We manufacture AMVISC® and AMVISC® Plus, HA viscoelastic supplement products used in ophthalmic surgery, for Bausch & Lomb Incorporated. We also manufacture CoEase for Advanced Medical Optics, Inc., STAARVISC®II, for STAAR Surgical Company, and ShellGel for Cytosol Ophthalmics, Inc., each an injectable ophthalmic viscoelastic product.
Our current strategy is to:
In 2003, approximately 51% of our revenue was from the sale of ophthalmic viscoelastic products to Bausch & Lomb. Sales to new distributors of our ophthalmic products added in 2001 and 2002 amounted to approximately 18% of our total revenue in 2003. ORTHOVISC contributed approximately 20% of our total revenue in 2003 and HYVISC contributed approximately 11% of our total revenue in 2003. We continue to seek distributors for ORTHOVISC to expand our international markets.
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The following sections provide more specific information on our products and related activities:
ORTHOVISC®
ORTHOVISC is indicated for the treatment of pain in osteoarthritis of the knee in patients who have failed to respond adequately to conservative non-pharmacologic therapy and to simple analgesics, such as acetaminophen. It is a sterile, non-pyrogenic, clear, viscoelastic solution of hyaluronan contained in a single-use syringe. ORTHOVISC consists of high molecular weight, ultra-pure natural hyaluronan dissolved in physiological saline. A natural complex sugar of the glycosaminoglycan family, hyaluronan is a high molecular weight polysaccharide composed of repeating disaccharide units of sodium glucuronate and N-acetylglucosamine. ORTHOVISC is injected into the knee joint in a series of three intra-articular injections one week apart.
Osteoarthritis is a debilitating disease causing pain, inflammation and restricted movement in joints. It occurs when the cartilage in a joint gradually deteriorates due to the effects of mechanical stress, which can be caused by a variety of factors including the normal aging process. In an osteoarthritic joint, particular regions of articulating surfaces are exposed to irregular forces, which result in the remodeling of tissue surfaces that disrupt the normal equilibrium or mechanical function. As osteoarthritis advances, the joint gradually loses its ability to regenerate cartilage tissue and the cartilage layer attached to the bone deteriorates to the point where eventually the bone becomes exposed. Advanced osteoarthritis often requires surgery and the possible implantation of artificial joints. The current treatment options for osteoarthritis before joint replacement surgery include viscosupplementation, analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroid injections.
In February 2004, we received marketing approval from the FDA for ORTHOVISC based on integrated effectiveness data from two randomized, controlled, double-blind, multi-center, pivotal U.S. clinical studies encompassing a total of 458 patients suffering from osteoarthritis of the knee. Safety data from a third U.S. trial were also included in the FDA review. Our third pivotal clinical trial for ORTHOVISC commenced in February 2001. In May 2002 we completed patient enrollment of our third trial which included 373 patients in 26 centers in the U.S. and Canada. In accordance with trial protocol, we took six months to complete the follow-up on the final patients and in May 2003 we filed a Pre-Market Approval (PMA) application with the FDA.
The objective of the studies was to assess the effectiveness of ORTHOVISC for the treatment of joint pain. Patients were divided into three and four ORTHOVISC injection regimen groups and two control groups: arthrocentesis and saline injection. Patients were evaluated for improvement in pain as measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) at four follow-up assessments over weeks 7 through 22 of the studies. The primary effectiveness analysis compared the proportion of ORTHOVISC patients achieving a greater improvement from baseline in WOMAC pain score versus controls. Patients in both groups experienced a statistically significant improvement as measured by change in WOMAC pain scores. An integrated safety analysis, which included 562 patients treated with ORTHOVISC, had an extremely low rate of adverse events. There were no serious adverse events associated with ORTHOVISC.
In December 2003 we entered into a ten-year licensing and supply agreement (the OBI Agreement) with Ortho Biotech Products, L.P., a member of the Johnson & Johnson family of companies, to market ORTHOVISC in the U.S. and Mexico. Under the OBI Agreement, Ortho Biotech will perform sales, marketing and distribution functions. Additionally, Ortho Biotech licensed the right to further develop and commercialize ORTHOVISC as well as other new products for the treatment of pain associated with osteoarthritis based on our proprietary viscosupplementation technology. In support of the license, the OBI Agreement provides that Ortho Biotech will fund post-marketing clinical trials for new indications of ORTHOVISC. We received an initial payment of $2.0 million upon entering into the OBI Agreement and a milestone payment of $20 million in February 2004, as a result of obtaining FDA approval of
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ORTHOVISC. Under the OBI Agreement, we will be the exclusive supplier of ORTHOVISC to Ortho Biotech. The OBI Agreement provides for additional performance- and sales-based milestone payments to us contingent upon planned manufacturing upgrades, insurance reimbursement approval, and achieving specified sales targets, in addition to royalty and transfer fees. The OBI Agreement is subject to early termination in certain circumstances and is otherwise renewable by Ortho Biotech for consecutive five-year terms.
We have a number of distribution relationships servicing international markets including Canada, the U.K., Italy, Germany and other European countries, Turkey, and parts of the Middle East. We are continuing to seek to establish long-term distribution relationships in other regions, but can make no assurances that we will be successful in doing so. See the section captioned "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Overview" and "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating Results."
HYVISC®
HYVISC is a high molecular weight injectable HA product for the treatment of joint dysfunction in horses due to non-infectious synovitis associated with equine osteoarthritis. HYVISC has viscoelastic properties that lubricate and protect the tissues in horse joints. HYVISC is distributed by Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. in the United States.
OPHTHALMIC PRODUCTS
The ophthalmic products we manufacture include the AMVISC and AMVISC Plus product line, CoEase, STAARVISC-II, and ShellGel. Our injectable ophthalmic viscoelastic products are high molecular weight HA products used as viscoelastic agents in ophthalmic surgical procedures such as cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. These products coat, lubricate and protect sensitive tissues such as the endothelium and maintain the space between them, thereby facilitating ophthalmic surgical procedures.
Anika manufactures the AMVISC product line for Bausch & Lomb. We entered into a supply agreement (the B&L Agreement) with Bausch & Lomb Surgical, a unit of Bausch & Lomb, in July 2000. Bausch & Lomb Surgical was subsequently merged into Bausch & Lomb. Under the terms of the B&L Agreement, effective January 1, 2001, we became Bausch & Lomb's exclusive provider of AMVISC and AMVISC Plus in the U.S. and international markets. The B&L Agreement expires December 31, 2007 and supersedes the prior supply agreement with Bausch & Lomb that was set to expire December 31, 2001. The B&L Agreement is subject to early termination and/or reversion to a non-exclusive basis under certain circumstances. The B&L Agreement lifted certain contractual restrictions on our sales of certain ophthalmic products to other companies, subject to the payment of royalties to Bausch & Lomb for these sales. In exchange, we agreed to a reduction in unit selling prices that was retroactively effective to April 1, 2000 and the elimination of minimum unit purchase obligations by Bausch & Lomb. See also the section captioned "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating ResultsDependence on Marketing Partners" and "Reliance on a Small Number of Customers."
Research and Development of Potential Products
As discussed below in the section titled "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating Results," we have not obtained FDA approval for the sales and marketing in the U.S. of the potential products described below.
INCERT®
INCERT is a family of chemically modified, cross-linked forms of HA designed to prevent surgical adhesions. Surgical adhesions occur when fibrous bands of tissues form between adjacent tissue layers
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during the wound healing process. Although surgeons attempt to minimize the formation of adhesions, they nevertheless occur quite frequently after surgery. Adhesions in the abdominal and pelvic cavity can cause particularly serious problems such as intestinal blockage following abdominal surgery, and infertility following pelvic surgery. Fibrosis following spinal surgery can complicate re-operation and may cause pain.
INCERT-S is our product designed to reduce post-surgical fibrosis following spinal surgery. We are planning to initiate a pilot human clinical trial in Europe in the second quarter of 2004 involving patients undergoing spinal surgery. We cannot assure you that: (1) we will begin or successfully complete clinical trials of INCERT-S; (2) if completed, regulatory approval for sales in the U.S. or internationally will be obtained; or (3) if regulatory approvals are obtained, meaningful sales of INCERT-S will be achieved.
Anika co-owns issued U.S. patents covering the use of INCERT for adhesion prevention. See the section captioned "Patent and Propriety Rights."
Cosmetic Tissue Augmentation
Our products for cosmetic tissue augmentation are based on a family of chemically modified, cross-linked forms of HA designed for longer duration in the body. Cosmetic tissue augmentation is a therapy designed as a soft tissue filler for facial wrinkles, scar remediation and lip augmentation. This new class of tissue filler technology based on HA is intended to supplant collagen-based products currently on the market.
We are evaluating various development options for these products and are assessing a worldwide commercialization strategy which includes seeking to establish a relationship with a corporate partner. We plan to initiate a pivotal clinical trial in the U.S. in the second quarter of 2004. We cannot assure you that: (1) we will establish a relationship with a corporate partner; (2) we will begin or successfully complete clinical trials of our products for cosmetic tissue augmentation; (3) if completed, regulatory approval for sales in the U.S. or internationally will be obtained; or (4) if regulatory approvals are obtained, meaningful sales of our products will be achieved.
Manufacturing of Hyaluronic Acid
We have been manufacturing HA since 1983 in our facility located in Woburn, Massachusetts. This facility is approved by the FDA for the manufacture of medical devices and drugs. We have developed a proprietary manufacturing process for the extraction and purification of HA from avian combs, a source of high molecular weight HA. We have taken steps to minimize risks associated with the availability of raw materials by obtaining regulatory approval in 2003 to outsource certain key intermediates for some of our products. We believe that sufficient supplies of these materials are generally available, or maintained in inventory, to meet anticipated demand.
Patent and Proprietary Rights
We have a policy of seeking patent protection for patentable aspects of our proprietary technology. Our issued patents expire between 2009 and 2022. We co-own certain U.S. patents and a patent application with claims relating to the chemical modification of HA and certain adhesion prevention uses and certain drug delivery uses of HA. We also solely own patents covering composition of matter and certain manufacturing processes. We also hold a license from Tufts University to use technologies claimed in a U.S. patent for the anti-metastasis applications of HA oligosaccharides. The license expires upon expiration of the underlying patent. We intend to seek patent protection for products and processes developed in the course of our activities when we believe such protection is in our best interest and when the cost of seeking such protection is not inordinate relative to the potential benefits. See also the section captioned "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating ResultsWe may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property."
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Other entities have filed patent applications for or have been issued patents concerning various aspects of HA-related products or processes. In addition, the products or processes we develop may infringe the patent rights of others in the future. Any such infringement may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. See also the section captioned "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating ResultsWe may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property."
We also rely upon trade secrets and proprietary know-how for certain non-patented aspects of our technology. To protect such information, we require all employees, consultants and licensees to enter into confidentiality agreements limiting the disclosure and use of such information. These agreements, however, may not provide adequate protection. See also the section captioned "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating ResultsWe may be unable to adequately protect our intellectual property."
We have granted Bausch & Lomb a royalty-free, worldwide, exclusive license to our manufacturing inventions which relate to the AMVISC products, effective upon the earlier of (1) the termination date of the B&L Agreement or (2) the loss of exclusivity there under.
We have granted Ortho Biotech an exclusive, non-transferable royalty bearing license to use and sell ORTHOVISC (and other products developed pursuant to the OBI Agreement) in the U.S. and Mexico, as well as a license to manufacture and have manufactured such products in the event that we are unable to supply Ortho Biotech with products in accordance with the terms of the OBI Agreement.
Government Regulation
United States Regulation
Our research (including clinical research), development, manufacture, and marketing of products are subject to regulation by numerous governmental authorities in the U.S. and other countries. In the U.S., medical devices are subject to extensive and rigorous regulation by the FDA and by other federal, state and local authorities. The Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FDC Act) governs the testing, safety, effectiveness, clearance, approval, manufacture, labeling, packaging, distribution, storage, record keeping, reporting, marketing, advertising, and promotion of our products. Noncompliance with applicable requirements can result in, among other things, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, failure of the government to grant premarket clearance or approval of products, withdrawal of clearances and approvals, and criminal prosecution.
Medical products regulated by the FDA are generally classified as drugs, biologics, and/or medical devices. AMVISC, ShellGel, CoEase and STAARVISC are approved as Class III medical devices in the U.S. for ophthalmic surgical procedures in intraocular use in humans. ORTHOVISC is approved as a Class III medical device in the U.S. for treatment of pain resulting from osteoarthritis of the knee in humans. HYVISC is approved as an animal drug for intra-articular injection in horse joints to treat degenerative joint disease associated with synovitis. In the past, most HA products for human use have been regulated as medical devices. We believe that the our products for CTA and INCERT will have to meet the regulatory requirements of Class III devices, including premarket approval (PMA).
Unless a new device is exempted from premarket notification, its manufacturer must obtain marketing clearance from the FDA through a premarket notification (510(k)) or approval through a PMA before the device can be introduced into the market. Product development and approval within the FDA regulatory framework takes a number of years and involves the expenditure of substantial resources. This regulatory framework may change or additional regulation may arise at any stage of our product development process and may affect approval of, or delay an application related to, a product, or require additional expenditures by us. There is no assurance that the FDA review of marketing applications will result in product approval on a timely basis, or at all.
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In the U.S., medical devices intended for human use are classified into three categories (Class I, II or III), on the basis of the controls deemed reasonably necessary by the FDA to assure their safety and effectiveness. Class I devices are subject to general controls, for example, labeling and adherence to the FDA's Good Manufacturing Practices/Quality System Regulation (GMP/QSR). Most Class I devices are exempt from premarket notification. Class II devices are subject to general and special controls (for example, performance standards, postmarket surveillance, and patient registries). Most Class II devices are subject to premarket notification and may be subject to clinical testing for purposes of premarket notification and clearance for marketing. Class III is the most stringent regulatory category for medical devices. Most Class III devices require PMA approval from the FDA.
The PMA approval process is lengthy, expensive, and typically requires, among other things, valid scientific evidence which typically includes extensive data such as pre-clinical and clinical trial data to demonstrate a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness.
Human clinical trials for significant risk devices must be conducted under an Investigational Device Exemption (IDE), which must be submitted to the FDA and either be approved or be allowed to become effective before the trials may commence. There can be no assurance that submission of an IDE will result in the ability to commence clinical trials. In addition, the IDE approval process could result in significant delay. Even if the FDA approves an IDE or allows an IDE for a clinical investigation to become effective, clinical trials may be suspended at any time for a number of reasons, including, among others, failure to comply with applicable requirements, if there is reason to believe that the risks to clinical subjects are not outweighed by the anticipated benefits to clinical subjects and the importance of the knowledge to be gained, informed consent is inadequate, the investigation is scientifically unsound, there is reason to believe that the device, as used, is ineffective. A trial may be terminated if an unanticipated adverse device effect presents an unreasonable risk to subjects. If clinical studies are suspended or terminated, we may be unable to continue the development of the investigational products affected.
Upon completion of required clinical trials, for Class III medical devices, results are presented to the FDA in a PMA application. In addition to the results of clinical investigations, the PMA applicant must submit other information relevant to the safety and effectiveness of the device, including, among other things, the results of non-clinical tests; a full description of the device and its components; a full description of the methods, facilities and controls used for manufacturing; and proposed labeling. The FDA usually also conducts an on-site inspection to determine whether an applicant conforms with the FDA's current GMP/QSR. FDA review of the PMA may not result in timely or any PMA approval, and there may be significant conditions on approval, including limitations on labeling and advertising claims and the imposition of post-market testing, tracking, or surveillance requirements.
Product changes after approval where such change affects safety and effectiveness as well as the use of a different facility for manufacturing, could necessitate additional FDA review and approval by the FDA. Post approval changes in labeling, packaging or promotional materials may also necessitate further FDA review and approval by the FDA.
Legally marketed products are subject to continuing requirements by the FDA relating to manufacturing, quality control and quality assurance, maintenance of records and documentation, reporting of adverse events, and labeling and promotion. The FDC Act requires device manufacturers to comply with GMP/QSR. The FDA enforces these requirements through periodic inspections of device manufacturing facilities. In complying with standards set forth in the GMP/QSR regulations, manufacturers must continue to expend time, money and effort in the area of production and quality control to ensure full technical compliance. Other federal, state, and local agencies may inspect manufacturing establishments as well.
A set of regulations known as the Medical Device Reporting regulations obligates manufacturers to inform FDA whenever information reasonably suggests that one of their devices may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury, or when one of their devices malfunctions and if the malfunction
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were to recur, the device or a similar device would be likely to cause or contribute to a death or serious injury.
In addition to regulations enforced by the FDA, we are subject to regulation under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Environmental Protection Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and other existing and future federal, state and local laws and regulations as well as those of foreign governments. Federal, state and foreign regulations regarding the manufacture and sale of medical products are subject to change. We cannot predict what impact, if any, such changes might have on our business.
The process of obtaining approvals from the FDA and foreign regulatory authorities can be costly, time consuming, and subject to unanticipated delays. Approvals of our products, processes or facilities may not be granted on a timely basis or at all, and we may not have available resources or be able to obtain the financing needed to develop certain of such products. Any failure or delay in obtaining such approvals could adversely affect our ability to market our products in the U.S. and in other countries.
Foreign Regulation
In addition to regulations enforced by the FDA, we and our products are subject to certain foreign regulations. International regulatory bodies often establish regulations governing product standards, packing requirements, labeling requirements, import restrictions, tariff regulations, duties and tax requirements. ORTHOVISC is approved for sale and is marketed in Canada, Europe, Turkey, and Israel. In Europe, ORTHOVISC is sold under Conformité Européene (CE mark) authorization, a certification required under European Union (EU) medical device regulations. The CE mark allows ORTHOVISC to be marketed without further approvals in most of the EU nations as well as other countries that recognize EU device regulations. In October 1996, we received an EC Design Examination and an EC Quality System Certificate from a European Notified Body, which entitled us to affix the CE mark to ORTHOVISC as a viscoelastic supplement or a replacement for synovial fluid in human joints. We may not be able to achieve and/or maintain compliance required for CE marking or other foreign regulatory approvals for any or all of our products. The requirements relating to the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, marketing, pricing, advertising, promotion and reimbursement also vary widely from country to country.
Competition
We compete with many companies, including, among others, large pharmaceutical firms and specialized medical products companies. Many of these companies have substantially greater financial and other resources, larger research and development staffs, more extensive marketing and manufacturing organizations and more experience in the regulatory process than us. We also compete with academic institutions, governmental agencies and other research organizations, which may be involved in research, development and commercialization of products. Many of our competitors also compete against us in securing relationships with collaborators for their research and development and commercialization programs.
General competition in our industry is based primarily on product efficacy, safety, timing and scope of regulatory approvals, availability of supply, marketing and sales capability, reimbursement coverage, product pricing and patent protection. Some of the principal factors that may affect our ability to compete in our HA development and commercialization market include:
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We are aware of several companies that are developing and/or marketing products utilizing HA for a variety of human applications. In some cases, competitors have already obtained product approvals, submitted applications for approval or have commenced human clinical studies, either in the U.S. or in certain foreign countries. There exists major competing products for the use of HA in ophthalmic surgery. In addition, certain HA products for the treatment of osteoarthritis in the knee have received FDA approval and have been marketed in the U.S. since 1997, as well as select markets in Canada, Europe and other countries. In December 2003, the FDA approved an HA product for the treatment of facial wrinkles which has been marketed internationally since 1996. There is a risk that we will be unable to compete effectively against our current or future competitors.
Research and Development
Our research and development efforts primarily consist of the development of new medical applications for our HA-based technology and the management of clinical trials for certain product candidates and the preparation and processing of applications for regulatory approvals at all relevant stages of development. Our development of new products is presently accomplished primarily through in-house research and development personnel and resources as well as through collaboration with other companies and scientific researchers. As of December 31, 2003, we had six employees engaged primarily in research and development and engineering and two employees engaged in regulatory matters. For the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, research and development expenses were $2.6 million, $3.9 million, and $4.3 million, respectively. We anticipate that we will continue to commit significant resources to research and development, including clinical trials, in the future.
Under the OBI Agreement, Ortho Biotech has the right (1) to file for regulatory approval to market ORTHOVISC in Mexico at its sole cost and expense and (2) to further develop ORTHOVISC by carrying out clinical trials. Under the OBI Agreement, Ortho Biotech has agreed to begin a clinical trial for a new indication for ORTHOVISC or a Phase IV clinical trial within twelve months of the FDA approval of ORTHOVISC.
In the second quarter of 2004 we are planning to initiate a pilot human clinical trial in Europe for INCERT-S, our product designed to reduce post-surgical fibrosis following spinal surgery. We also are planning to initiate a pivotal clinical trial in the U.S. in the second quarter of 2004 for our product for CTA. We cannot assure you that: (1) we will begin or successfully complete clinical trials of our INCERT-S or CTA products; (2) if completed, regulatory approval for sales in the U.S. or internationally will be obtained; or (3) if regulatory approvals are obtained, meaningful sales of our products will be achieved
There is a risk that our efforts will not be successful in (1) developing our existing product candidates, (2) expanding the therapeutic applications of our existing products, or (3) resulting in new applications for our HA technology. There is also a risk that we may choose not to pursue development of potential product candidates. We may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for any new applications we develop. Furthermore, even if all regulatory approvals are obtained, there can be no assurances that we will achieve meaningful sales of such products or applications.
Employees
As of December 31, 2003, we had approximately 62 full-time employees. We consider our relations with our employees to be good. None of our employees are represented by labor unions.
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Environmental Laws
We believe that we are in compliance with all federal, state and local environmental regulations with respect to our manufacturing facilities and that the cost of ongoing compliance with such regulations does not have a material effect on our operations. Our leased manufacturing facility is located within the Wells G&H Superfund site in Woburn, MA. We have not been named and are not a party to any such legal proceedings regarding the Wells G&H Superfund site.
Product Liability
The testing, marketing and sale of human health care products entail an inherent risk of allegations of product liability, and we cannot assure you that substantial product liability claims will not be asserted against us. Although we have not received any material product liability claims to date and have coverage under our insurance policy of $5,000,000 per occurrence and $5,000,000 in the aggregate, we cannot assure you that if material claims arise in the future, our insurance will be adequate to cover all situations. Moreover, we cannot assure you that such insurance, or additional insurance, if required, will be available in the future or, if available, will be available on commercially reasonable terms. Any product liability claim, if successful, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operation.
Recent Developments
On February 5, 2004, we announced that we had received marketing approval from the FDA for ORTHOVISC. We also announced that pursuant to the OBI Agreement we would receive a milestone payment of $20 million from Ortho Biotech related to the FDA approval.
Available Information
Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other information, including amendments and exhibits to such reports, filed or furnished pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, are available free of charge in the "SEC Filings" section of our website located at http://www.anikatherapeutics.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after the reports are filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Our corporate headquarters is located in Woburn, Massachusetts, where we lease approximately 10,000 square feet of administrative and research and development space. We extended our lease for this facility in 2003 for an initial one-year term ending in October 2004. We also lease approximately 37,000 square feet of space at a separate location in Woburn, Massachusetts, for our manufacturing facility and warehouse. This facility has received all FDA and state regulatory approvals to operate as a sterile device and drug manufacturer. We extended our lease for this facility in 2003 for an additional five-year term ending in February 2009. For the year ended December 31, 2003, we had aggregate lease costs of approximately $685,000.
Securities and Exchange Commission Investigation. In May 2000, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a formal order of investigation in connection with certain revenue recognition matters. On January 13, 2003 we announced that we had entered into a settlement with the SEC concluding and resolving this investigation, which pertained to the company's historical accounting for and disclosures concerning sales of ORTHOVISC under a long-term supply and distribution agreement with Zimmer, Inc. To conclude this matter, we consented to the entry of an order to comply with sections 13(a),
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13(b)(2)(A) and 13(b)(2)(B) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and rules 12b-20, 13a-1 and 13a-13 promulgated thereunder. The settlement did not impose any monetary sanctions against us, and it is not expected to affect our results of operations or financial condition. We neither admitted nor denied the findings in the SEC's administrative cease and desist order resolving the matter.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of the security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
COMMON STOCK INFORMATION
Our common stock has traded on the Nasdaq National Market since November 25, 1997, under the symbol "ANIK." The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid prices of our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market. These prices represent prices between dealers and do not include retail mark-ups, markdowns, or commissions and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
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Bid Range |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year Ended December 31, 2003 |
||||||
| High |
Low |
|||||
| First Quarter | $ | 1.82 | $ | 0.97 | ||
| Second Quarter | 4.17 | 1.45 | ||||
| Third Quarter | 6.75 | 2.64 | ||||
| Fourth Quarter | 11.65 | 5.67 | ||||
| |
Bid Range |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year Ended December 31, 2002 |
||||||
| High |
Low |
|||||
| First Quarter | $ | 1.54 | $ | 0.99 | ||
| Second Quarter | 1.42 | 1.01 | ||||
| Third Quarter | 1.30 | 0.83 | ||||
| Fourth Quarter | 1.35 | 0.88 | ||||
At December 31, 2003, the closing price per share of our common stock was $9.74 as reported on the Nasdaq National Market and there were approximately 297 holders of record.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain earnings, if any, for use in our business and do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Payment of future dividends, if any, on our common stock will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors after taking into account various factors, including our financial condition, operating results, anticipated cash needs, and plans for expansion.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The Balance Sheet Data at December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the Statement of Operations Data for each of the three years ended December 31, 2003 have been derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for such years, included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The Balance Sheet Data at December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, and the Statement of Operations Data for each of the two years in the period ended
12
December 31, 2000 have been derived from the audited Consolidated Financial Statements for such years, not included in this Annual Report.
The Consolidated Financial Statements for fiscal years 1999 through 2001 were audited by Arthur Andersen LLP (Andersen) who has ceased operations. A copy of the report previously issued by Andersen on our financial statements as of December 31, 2001 and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2001 is included elsewhere in this Annual Report. Such report has not been reissued by Andersen.
Statement of Operations Data
(In thousands, except per share data)
| |
Years ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
||||||||||||
| Product revenue | $ | 15,330 | $ | 13,129 | $ | 11,299 | $ | 12,935 | $ | 13,426 | |||||||
| Licensing revenue | 74 | 58 | 13 | 3,400 | 400 | ||||||||||||
| Total revenue | 15,404 | 13,187 | 11,312 | 16,335 | 13,826 | ||||||||||||
| Cost of product revenue | 8,005 | 8,109 | 8,229 | 9,871 | 6,664 | ||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 7,399 | 5,078 | 3,083 | 6,464 | 7,162 | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 6,804 | 8,353 | 10,494 | 7,448 | 7,184 | ||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 827 | (3,040 | ) | (6,758 | ) | 174 | 1,248 | ||||||||||
| Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | | | (3,625 | ) | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 827 | $ | (3,040 | ) | $ | (6,758 | ) | $ | 174 | $ | (2,377 | ) | ||||
| Diluted income (loss) per common share: | |||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | $ | 0.08 | $ | (0.31 | ) | $ | (0.68 | ) | $ | 0.02 | $ | 0.12 | |||||
| Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | | | | | (0.35 | ) | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 0.08 | $ | (0.31 | ) | $ | (0.68 | ) | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.23 | ) | ||||
| Diluted common shares outstanding | 10,850 | 9,934 | 9,934 | 10,042 | 10,221 | ||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data
(In thousands)
| |
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
|||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 14,592 | $ | 11,002 | $ | 9,065 | $ | 8,266 | $ | 6,441 | ||||||
| Marketable securities | | 2,500 | 3,994 | 10,040 | 13,743 | |||||||||||
| Working capital | 18,450 | 14,921 | 16,756 | 23,083 | 18,973 | |||||||||||
| Total assets | 21,873 | 20,087 | 22,916 | 28,979 | 32,511 | |||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (13,569 | ) | (14,396 | ) | (11,357 | ) | (4,599 | ) | (4,773 | ) | ||||||
| Treasury stock | (27 | ) | (280 | ) | (280 | ) | (280 | ) | (960 | ) | ||||||
| Stockholders' equity | 17,984 | 17,064 | 20,104 | 26,712 | 25,712 | |||||||||||
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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following section of this Annual Report on Form 10-K titled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" contains statements that are not statements of historical fact and are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance, or achievement to differ materially from anticipated results, performance, or achievement, expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties. We discuss many of these risks and uncertainties at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and under the heading "Business" and "Risk Factors and Certain Factors Affecting Future Operating Results." The following discussion should also be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements of Anika Therapeutics, Inc. and the Notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
Management Overview
Anika Therapeutics develops, manufactures and commercializes therapeutic products and devices intended to promote the protection and healing of bone, cartilage and soft tissue. These products are based on hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring, biocompatible polymer found throughout the body. Due to its unique biophysical and biochemical properties, HA plays an important role in a number of physiological functions such as the protection and lubrication of soft tissues and joints, the maintenance of the structural integrity of tissues, and the transport of molecules to and within cells. Our marketed products include therapies used in eye surgery and for the treatment of joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. Products in development include chemically modified, cross-linked forms of HA to prevent surgical adhesions and for cosmetic tissue augmentation (CTA).
Our Products Since we primarily focus on the development and marketing of our products, we have historically entered into various agreements for the distribution of our marketed products. ORTHOVISC®, our product for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee in humans, has been marketed internationally since 1996. Sales of ORTHOVISC, which to-date have been only to international customers, contributed approximately 20% of our revenue in 2003. In December 2003, we entered into the OBI Agreement with Ortho Biotech for the marketing of ORTHOVISC in the U.S. and Mexico. In February 2004 we received marketing approval from the FDA for ORTHOVISC and in March 2004 launched ORTHOVISC in the U.S. We market HYVISC®, our product for the treatment of joint dysfunction in horses associated with equine osteoarthritis, through an exclusive agreement with Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc. Sales of HYVISC contributed approximately 11% of our revenue in 2003. Our ophthalmic business includes HA viscoelastic products used in ophthalmic surgery. Our ophthalmic products included CoEase®, STAARVISC-II and Shellgel distributed by Advanced Medical Optics, Inc., STAAR Surgical Company, and Cytosol Ophthalmics, Inc., respectively. Those three products contributed approximately 18% of revenue in 2003. We also manufacture AMVISC® and AMVISC® Plus, also ophthalmic products, for Bausch & Lomb under an exclusive supply agreement. These sales to Bausch & Lomb contributed approximately 51% to our revenue in 2003.
14
Product revenue by region
| |
|
2003 |
2002 |
2001 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opthalmic products | U.S. | 69 | % | 75 | % | 67 | % | ||
ORTHOVISC |
Turkey |
14 |
% |
10 |
% |
16 |
% |
||
| Canada | 2 | % | 2 | % | 4 | % | |||
| Europe | 3 | % | 4 | % | 7 | % | |||
| Middle East | 1 | % | 2 | % | 1 | % | |||
| 20 | % | 18 | % | 28 | % | ||||
HYVISC |
U.S. |
11 |
% |
7 |
% |
5 |
% |
Our current pre-clinical products include INCERT®, a product for the prevention of post surgical adhesions, and a product for cosmetic tissue augmentation (CTA). We plan to begin human clinical trials for both of these products in the second quarter of 2004.
Orthovisc® U.S. We received marketing approval from the FDA for ORTHOVISC in February 2004. ORTHOVISC is indicated for the treatment of pain in osteoarthritis of the knee in patients who have failed to respond adequately to conservative non-pharmacologic therapy and to simple analgesics, such as acetaminophen. The current treatment options for osteoarthritis before joint replacement surgery include viscosupplementation, analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroid injections. ORTHOVISC, our viscosupplement, is injected into the knee joint in a series of three intra-articular injections one week apart. In May 2003 we filed a Pre-Market Approval (PMA) application for ORTHOVISC with the FDA. In November 2003 we received an approvable letter from the FDA for ORTHOVISC and in February 2004 we received marketing approval from the FDA.
Under the OBI Agreement, Ortho Biotech will perform sales, marketing and distribution functions for ORTHOVISC in the U.S. and Mexico. Additionally, Ortho Biotech licensed the right to further develop and commercialize ORTHOVISC as well as other new products for the treatment of pain associated with osteoarthritis based on our proprietary viscosupplementation technology. In support of the license, the OBI Agreement provides that Ortho Biotech is required to fund post-marketing clinical trials for new indications of ORTHOVISC. Under the OBI Agreement, we will be the exclusive supplier of ORTHOVISC to Ortho Biotech. The OBI Agreement provides for additional performance- and sales-based milestone payments to us contingent upon planned manufacturing upgrades, insurance reimbursement approval, and achieving specified sales targets in addition to royalty and transfer fees. The OBI Agreement is subject to early termination in certain circumstances and it otherwise is renewable by Ortho Biotech for consecutive five-year terms.
We received an initial payment of $2.0 million in December 2003 upon entering into the agreement with Ortho Biotech and a milestone payment of $20 million in February 2004 as a result of obtaining FDA approval for ORTHOVISC. In accordance with our revenue recognition policy, these payments will be recognized ratably over the initial ten-year term of the OBI Agreement beginning with the first quarter of 2004. The OBI Agreement also provides for additional performance-based milestone payments to us contingent upon planned manufacturing upgrades and insurance reimbursement approval. We expect to recognize these milestone payments, if achieved, ratably over the remaining term of the agreement. Sales-based milestone payments to us provided for in the OBI Agreement are based on Ortho Biotech achieving specified annual sales levels.
On an on-going and long-term basis, the OBI Agreement also provides for us to receive royalty and transfer fees. Our unit transfer price to Ortho Biotech is determined based on a fixed percentage of Ortho Biotech's net sales per unit, subject to a minimum. This transfer pricing is fixed each quarter based upon Ortho Biotech's net sales of ORTHOVISC for the quarter ended two quarters prior. As a result, we expect
15
to experience fluctuating unit pricing of our sales of ORTHOVISC to Ortho Biotech each quarter. Royalties are to be paid to us quarterly based upon a percentage of Ortho Biotech's yearly net sales.
Our agreement with Ortho Biotech has provisions for maintaining certain inventory levels affecting raw materials and work-in-process. As a result, we expect to reflect an increase in these inventory levels in 2004 as compared with 2003. We may also benefit from improved gross profit margins partially due to increased manufacturing volumes as a result of initial stocking orders by Ortho Biotech required for the launch of ORTHOVISC in addition to the increased overall sales volume.
Financial Overview In 2003, we achieved net income of $827,000, or $.08 per share, and revenue of $15.4 million. We increased sales in each of our product groups primarily due to the full year impact of new distribution agreements or through expanded relationships with existing customers. Sales of AMVISC and AMVISC Plus to Bausch & Lomb were relatively flat in 2003 compared to 2002 and contributed 51% of total revenue in 2003 compared to 59% in 2002. We expect sales of AMVISC products to Bausch & Lomb to be relatively level in 2004 compared to 2003 and for their percentage contribution to our total revenue to decline.
Cost of product revenue Our cost of product revenue includes material, labor and manufacturing overhead costs, obsolescence charges, packaging and shipping costs. Our costs of product revenue may vary over time based on the mix of products sold. Over the past three years we have experienced a decrease in the cost of product revenue as a percentage of product revenue primarily due to increased manufacturing efficiencies and product volume combined with cost cutting efforts. We expect to see continued improvement in 2004 due to further manufacturing efficiencies and increased product volume.
Research and development Our research and development costs consists primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel and fees paid to outside consultants and outside service providers. Our research and development costs decreased in 2003 primarily due to lower fees paid to outside service providers associated with our clinical trial for ORTHOVISC. We expect to incur costs associated with human clinical trials for our product candidates in 2004 and to increase personnel-related expenses as we expand our research and development efforts. As a result, we expect an increase in research and development costs in 2004 compared to 2003.
Selling, general and administrative Selling, general and administrative costs consists primarily of salaries and related expenses for personnel in executive, finance and accounting, human resources, information technology, and sales and marketing functions. Other costs include professional fees for legal and accounting, fees for consulting and outside services, and insurance costs.
2004 Strategy Our strategy for 2004 is to continue to focus on our strengths and to build on our accomplishments. Our focus, therefore, is to build on our existing products and advance our preclinical programs. The key strategy is to:
16
Summary of Critical Accounting Policies; Significant Judgments and Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We monitor our estimates on an on-going basis for changes in facts and circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could occur in the future. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from our estimates if past experience or other assumptions do not turn out to be substantially accurate.
We have identified the policies below as critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations. The impact and any associated risks related to these policies on our business operations is discussed throughout Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations where such policies affect our reported and expected financial results. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting policies, see Note 2 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Revenue Recognition and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Product revenue is recognized upon confirmation of regulatory compliance and shipment to the customer as long as there is (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement, (2) delivery has occurred and risk of loss has passed, (3) the sales price is fixed or determinable and (4) collection of the related receivable is probable. Amounts billed or collected prior to recognition of revenue are classified as deferred revenue. When determining whether risk of loss has transferred to customers on product sales or if the sales price is fixed or determinable we evaluate both the contractual terms and conditions of our distribution and supply agreements as well as our business practices. Under our agreement with Bausch & Lomb, the price for units sold in a calendar year is dependent on total unit volume of sales of certain ophthalmic products during the year. Accordingly, unit prices for sales occurring in interim quarters are subject to possible retroactive price adjustments when the actual annual unit volume for the year becomes known. In accordance with our revenue recognition policy, the amount of revenue subject to the contracted price adjustment is recorded as deferred revenue until the annual unit volume becomes known and the sales price becomes fixed. ORTHOVISC has been sold through several distribution arrangements as well as outsource order-processing arrangements (logistic agents). Sales of product through third party logistics agents in certain markets are recognized as revenue upon shipment by the logistics agent to the customer.
We recognize non-refundable upfront payments received as part of supply, distribution, and marketing arrangements, ratably over the terms of the arrangements to which the payments apply. Milestone payments received as part of supply, distribution, and marketing arrangements are evaluated under Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21, "Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables," to determine whether the delivered item has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis and whether objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered item exists. We recognize milestone payments as revenue upon achievement of the milestone only if (1) it represents a separate unit of accounting as defined in EITF 00-21, (2) the milestone payments are non-refundable, (3) substantive effort is involved in achieving the milestone, and (4) the amount of the milestone is reasonable in relation to the effort expended or the risk associated with achievement of the milestone. If any of these conditions are not met, we defer the milestone payments and recognize them as revenue over the remaining term of the contract as we complete its performance obligations. In February 2004, as part of the OBI agreement, we received a milestone payment of $20 million as a result of obtaining FDA approval for ORTHOVISC. We evaluated the terms of the OBI Agreement and the circumstances under which the milestone was paid and determined that the milestone payment did not meet all of the conditions to be recognized upon
17
achievement, therefore, we expect to defer the milestone payment of $20 million and recognize it ratably over the initial ten-year term of the OBI Agreement beginning with the first quarter of 2004.
Reserve for Obsolete/Excess Inventory. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. We regularly review our inventories and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based on certain factors that may impact the realizable value of our inventory including, but not limited to, technological changes, market demand, inventory cycle time, regulatory requirements and significant changes in our cost structure. If ultimate usage varies significantly from expected usage or other factors arise that are significantly different than those anticipated by management, additional inventory write-down or increases in obsolescence reserves may be required.
We generally produce finished goods based upon specific orders or in anticipation of specific orders. As a result, we generally do not establish reserves against finished goods. Under certain circumstances we may purchase raw materials or manufacture work-in-process or finished goods inventory in anticipation of receiving regulatory approval for the use of the raw materials in our manufacturing process or sale of the finished goods inventory. We evaluate the value of inventory on a quarterly basis and may, based on future changes in facts and circumstances, determine that a write-down of inventory is required in future periods.
Restatement of Results
On January 28, 2003, we announced a restatement of our previously-reported results for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2002. The restatement involved revenue recognized for the sale in the third quarter of 2002 of certain units of HYVISC. A new "clean room" at our facility that at the time did not have a required regulatory approval for the manufacture of HYVISC from the FDA was used in the production of these units. Because the product was shipped in the absence of this regulatory approval, we determined, and our independent accountants concurred, that revenue from that sale should not have been recognized. As a result of the restatement, revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2002 was reduced by $326,000 and the net loss for those periods increased by $170,000, or $0.02 per share. Total HYVISC inventory at September 30, 2002, was $173,000, which included $157,000 in HYVISC inventory from the restated transaction, and $17,000 in HYVISC inventory produced in the new clean room which was previously included in our pre-restatement inventory. Included in our inventory at December 31, 2002 was $293,000 in HYVISC inventory produced in the new clean room.
In June 2003, we received regulatory approval to use the new clean room for the manufacture of HYVISC. In addition, we received regulatory approval for the re-release of the HYVISC inventory manufactured using the new clean room prior to receipt of the regulatory approval. The re-release of the HYVISC inventory was subject to certain conditions, including testing of the material and maintenance of certain records, which conditions were met. In June we began shipping the re-released HYVISC inventory and as of December 31, 2003 none of the re-released inventory remained in inventory.
We had previously obtained all required regulatory approvals for the use of the new clean room in the manufacture of our products designed for human use: ORTHOVISC (at the time, not approved for sale in the U.S.), AMVISC, AMVISC Plus, STAARVISC-II, Shellgel, and CoEase.
18
Results of Operations
Year ended December 31, 2003 compared to year ended December 31, 2002
Statement of Operations Detail
| |
Year Ended December 31, |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2003 |
2002 |
|||||
| Product revenue | $ | 15,330,000 | $ | 13,129,000 | |||
| Licensing revenue | 74,000 | 58,000 | |||||
| Total revenue | 15,404,000 | 13,187,000 | |||||
| Cost of product revenue | 8,005,000 | 8,109,000 | |||||
| Gross profit | 7,399,000 | 5,078,000 | |||||
| Operating Expenses: | |||||||
| Research and development | 2,595,000 | 3,928,000 | |||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 4,209,000 | 4,425,000 | |||||