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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003

Commission File Number 333-59348


MIDWEST GENERATION, LLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation ororganization)
  33-0868558
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One Financial Place
440 South LaSalle Street, Suite 3500
Chicago, Illinois
(Address of principal executive offices)

 

60605
(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code:
(312) 583-6000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Not Applicable

(Title of Class)   (Name of each exchange on which registered)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
8.30% Series A Pass-Through Certificates due 2009
8.56% Series B Pass-Through Certificates due 2016
(Title of Class)


        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý    No o

        Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. ý

        Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o    No ý

        Aggregate market value of the registrant's common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 27, 2003: $0. Number of units outstanding of the registrant's Membership Interests as of March 10, 2004: 100 units (all units held by an affiliate of the registrant).




TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
   
  Page
PART I
Item 1.   Business   1
Item 2.   Properties   22
Item 3.   Legal Proceedings   23
Item 4.   Submission Of Matters To A Vote Of Security Holders   23

PART II
Item 5.   Market For Registrant's Common Equity And Related Stockholder Matters   24
Item 6.   Selected Financial Data   25
Item 7.   Management's Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition And Results Of Operations   26
Item 7a.   Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk   65
Item 8.   Financial Statements And Supplementary Data   65
Item 9.   Changes In And Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting and Financial Disclosure   65
Item 9a.   Controls And Procedures   65

PART III
Item 10.   Managers And Executive Officers Of The Registrant   101
Item 11.   Executive Compensation   102
Item 12.   Security Ownership Of Certain Beneficial Owners And Management   102
Item 13.   Certain Relationships And Related Transactions   102
Item 14.   Principal Accounting Fees And Services   103

PART IV
Item 15.   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules And Reports On Form 8-K   104
    Signatures   113

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PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

The Company

        Midwest Generation, LLC, which is referred to as Midwest Generation in this annual report, was formed on July 12, 1999 as a Delaware limited liability company with Edison Mission Midwest Holdings Co. as the sole owner. Edison Mission Midwest Holdings is a wholly owned subsidiary of Midwest Generation EME, LLC, which is in turn a wholly owned subsidiary of Edison Mission Energy, which is referred to as EME in this annual report. EME is a wholly owned subsidiary of Mission Energy Holding Company and is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Edison International. Midwest Generation was formed for the purpose of owning or leasing, making improvements to, and operating and selling the capacity and energy of, the power generation assets it purchased from Commonwealth Edison, which are referred to as the Illinois Plants. Midwest Generation acquired the Illinois Plants on December 15, 1999 for a purchase price of approximately $4.9 billion, with adjustments for changes in the book value of inventories and pro-rations related to specific items, including but not limited to taxes, rents and fees. Concurrent with the acquisition of the Illinois Plants, Midwest Generation assigned its right to purchase the Collins Station, a 2,698 MW gas and oil-fired generating station located in Illinois, to four third-party entities. After this assignment, and the purchase of the facility by the third parties, an affiliate of Midwest Generation leased and Midwest Generation subleased the Collins Station. Each of the leases and subleases had an initial term of 33.75 years. Prior to the acquisition of the Illinois Plants, Midwest Generation had no significant business activity.

        As of December 31, 2003, Midwest Generation had $692.7 million of debt maturing on December 15, 2004, and lease obligations totaling $2.2 billion, as described in Notes 6 and 11 to the financial statements included in Part II to this annual report. Midwest Generation's debt obligations to Edison Mission Overseas Co., a subsidiary of Edison Mission Midwest Holdings, are on terms matching those of a credit agreement between Edison Mission Midwest Holdings and commercial lenders. Midwest Generation is a guarantor of Edison Mission Midwest Holdings' obligations, which include $692.7 million of debt maturing in December 2004 that will need to be repaid or refinanced. Edison Mission Midwest Holdings, together with Midwest Generation, currently do not have sufficient cash to repay this indebtedness when due. Midwest Generation expects that this debt will be refinanced well in advance of its December maturity, although there is no assurance that this will be accomplished. A failure to repay or refinance Edison Mission Midwest Holdings' $692.7 million obligation is likely to result in a default under Edison Mission Midwest Holdings' financing documents. These events could make it necessary for Midwest Generation to file a petition for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. Midwest Generation's independent auditors' audit opinion for the year ended December 31, 2003 contains an explanatory paragraph that indicates the financial statements included in Part II of this annual report have been prepared on the basis that Midwest Generation will continue as a going concern and that the uncertainty about Edison Mission Midwest Holdings' ability to repay or refinance its $692.7 million obligation raises substantial doubt about Midwest Generation's ability to continue as a going concern. Accordingly, the financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the resolution of this uncertainty. See "—Liquidity and Capital Resources" and "—Management's Overview, Risks Related to the Business and Critical Accounting Policies" in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

        Midwest Generation owns or leases 9,218 megawatts (MW) consisting of the following as of December 31, 2003:

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        In connection with the acquisition of the Illinois Plants, Midwest Generation entered into three separate five-year power purchase agreements for the coal-fired stations, the Collins Station and the peaker stations with Commonwealth Edison. These power purchase agreements expire on December 31, 2004. Subsequent to the acquisition, Commonwealth Edison assigned its rights and obligations under these power purchase agreements to its affiliate, Exelon Generation. For the past four years, Midwest Generation has derived the substantial majority of its revenue from the sale of energy and capacity to Exelon Generation under these power purchase agreements. As permitted by the power purchase agreements, during 2002 and 2003, Exelon Generation released 5,428 MW from Midwest Generation's coal-fired stations, Collins Station and peaker stations from the power purchase agreements for 2004, thereby retaining 3,859 MW for 2004. Midwest Generation has entered into a contract with Edison Mission Marketing & Trading, Inc., a marketing affiliate, to sell energy and capacity into the wholesale market, to engage in hedging activities and to provide scheduling and other services. Edison Mission Marketing & Trading also purchases natural gas and enters into fuel hedging arrangements on Midwest Generation's behalf. Midwest Generation has also entered into an agreement with another affiliate, Edison Mission Energy Services, Inc., to provide fuel and transportation services related to coal and fuel oil.

        In August 2000, Midwest Generation completed a sale-leaseback transaction with respect to the Powerton and Joliet power facilities to third-party lessors for an aggregate purchase price of $1.367 billion. In connection with this transaction, Midwest Generation facilitated the issuance of $333.5 million 8.30% Series A Pass-Through Certificates due 2009 and $813.5 million 8.56% Series B Pass-Through Certificates due 2016 through a private placement. In 2001, these certificates were subsequently exchanged for certificates that were registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and are identical in all material respects to the privately held certificates, pursuant to an exchange offer.

        EME, Mission Energy Holding Company and Edison International are each registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission and have financial statements that are filed in accordance with rules enacted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. For more information regarding each of these companies, see their respective annual reports on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.

        Midwest Generation's principal executive offices are located at One Financial Place, 440 South LaSalle Street, Suite 3500, Chicago, Illinois 60605, and its telephone number is (312) 583-6000.

Forward-Looking Statements

        This annual report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that reflect Midwest Generation's current expectations and projections about future events based on Midwest Generation's knowledge of present facts and circumstances and assumptions about future events. Other information distributed by Midwest Generation that is incorporated in this annual report, or that refers to or incorporates this annual report, may also contain forward-looking statements. In this annual report and elsewhere, the words "expects," "believes," "anticipates," "estimates," "intends," "plans," "probable" and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements necessarily involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to

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differ materially from those anticipated. Some of the risks, uncertainties and other important factors that could cause results to differ, or that otherwise could impact Midwest Generation, include:

        Additional information about the risk factors listed above and other risks and uncertainties is contained throughout this annual report and in the Notes to Financial Statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations that appear in Part II of this annual report. Readers are urged to read this entire annual report and carefully consider the risks, uncertainties and other factors that affect Midwest Generation's business. The information contained in this annual report is subject to change without notice, and Midwest Generation is not obligated to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements. Readers should review future reports filed by Midwest Generation with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Description of Business

Industry Overview

        Until the enactment of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, utilities and government-owned power agencies were the only producers of bulk electric power intended for sale to third parties in the United States. The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act encouraged the development of independent power by removing regulatory constraints relating to the production and sale of electric energy by certain non-utilities and requiring electric utilities to buy electricity from specified types of non-utility power producers, known as qualifying facilities, under specified conditions. The passage of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 further encouraged the development of independent power by significantly expanding the options available to independent power producers with respect to their regulatory status and by liberalizing transmission access. As a result, a significant market for electric power produced by independent power producers, such as Midwest Generation, developed in the United States.

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        Beginning in the mid-1990s, industry restructuring and opening of retail markets to competition in several states led some utilities to divest generating assets, which created new opportunities for growth of independent power in the United States. In those jurisdictions that have deregulated retail markets, industry trends and regulatory initiatives resulted in a new set of market relationships in which independent generators and marketers compete with incumbent distribution utilities for sales to end-users on the basis of price, reliability and other factors. As a result of the 2000-2001 California power crisis and related volatility in wholesale markets, some states have either discontinued or delayed implementation of initiatives involving deregulation and some utilities have delayed or cancelled plans to divest their generating assets. These developments have generally not affected the progress of industry restructuring in Illinois, where Midwest Generation's power plants are located. However, as discussed further below, competition, regulatory uncertainty and lower energy prices have adversely affected independent power producers, including Midwest Generation. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Management's Overview, Risks Related to the Business and Critical Accounting Policies."

Facilities Overview

The Crawford Station

        The Crawford Station is a 542 MW coal-fired power plant located in Cook County, Illinois, and is within the city limits of Chicago. The Crawford Station occupies approximately 72 acres, inclusive of the switchyard. The operating units are referred to as Units 7 and 8 and began operations in 1958 and 1961, respectively.

        Southern Powder River Basin coal is loaded into barges at the Will County Station and delivered by barge on a "just-in-time" basis. Natural gas is used for ignition and combustion support and for full boiler operation, when economical. Peoples Gas delivers natural gas under a delivery contract that includes balancing storage, which is also shared by the Fisk Station.

The Fisk Station

        The Fisk Station is a 326 MW coal-fired power plant located in Cook County, Illinois, and is within the city limits of Chicago. The Fisk Station is located on approximately 44 acres, inclusive of the switchyard. The operating unit comprising the Fisk Station is referred to as Unit 19 and began operations in 1959.

        Southern Powder River Basin coal is loaded into barges at the Will County Station, delivered by barge on a "just-in-time" basis. Natural gas is used for ignition and combustion support and for full boiler operation, when economical. Peoples Gas delivers natural gas under a delivery contract that includes balancing storage, which is shared by the Crawford Station.

The Joliet Station

        The Joliet Station is located in Joliet, Will County, Illinois, approximately 40 miles southwest of Chicago on approximately 467 acre site. The operating units comprising the Joliet Station are referred to as Units 6, 7 and 8. Only Units 7 and 8 are subject to the leveraged lease transaction described in this annual report. The operation of Units 6, 7 and 8 began in 1959, 1965 and 1966, respectively. Joliet Unit 6 is a 290 MW coal-fired unit located adjacent to, but across the DesPlaines River from, Joliet Units 7 and 8. Joliet Units 7 and 8 are coal-fired and have a combined capacity of 1,044 MW.

        The Joliet Station burns Southern Powder River Basin coal which is shipped by rail. With the completion of a new rail spur in early 2003, direct deliveries are received from the Union Pacific Railroad. Natural gas is delivered for the boilers as a startup and stabilizing fuel by Nicor Gas Company under a delivery contract.

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The Powerton Station

        The Powerton Station is a 1,538 MW coal-fired station located in Pekin, Tazwell County, Illinois, approximately 16 miles southwest of Peoria or 166 miles from Chicago on an approximately 568 acre site. The Powerton Station is subject to the leveraged lease transaction described in this annual report. The site also includes an approximately 1,440 acre lake. The operating units comprising the Powerton Station are referred to as Units 5 and 6 and began operations in 1972 and 1975, respectively.

        The Powerton Station burns Southern Powder River Basin coal which is shipped by rail by the Illinois and Midland Railroad Company from interchange points with the Union Pacific Railroad.

The Waukegan Station

        The Waukegan Station is a 789 MW coal-fired power plant located in Waukegan, Lake County, Illinois, on Lake Michigan. The Waukegan Station occupies approximately 194 acres, inclusive of the switchyard. The operating units comprising the Waukegan Station are referred to as Units 6, 7 and 8 and began operations in 1952, 1958 and 1962, respectively.

        Unit 6 utilizes oil for ignition and startup, while Unit 7 utilizes oil or natural gas and Unit 8 utilizes natural gas for ignition and startup. The Waukegan Station burns Southern Powder River Basin coal which is shipped by rail by the Union Pacific Railroad.

The Will County Station

        The Will County Station is a 1,092 MW coal-fired power plant located in Romeoville, Will County, Illinois. The Will County Station is located on approximately 215 acres, inclusive of the switchyard. The operating units comprising the Will County Station are referred to as Units 1, 2, 3 and 4 and began operations between 1955 and 1963. Beginning in January 2003, operations at Units 1 and 2, representing 310 MW of capacity, were suspended. See "—Management's Overview, Risks Related to the Business and Critical Accounting Policies—Management's Overview" and "—Market Risk Exposures" in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" for additional discussion of the market conditions leading up to the decision to suspend operations at Units 1 and 2.

        The Will County Station burns Southern Powder River Basin coal which is shipped by rail by the Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway Company from interchange points with the Union Pacific Railroad. The Will County Station uses No. 2 fuel oil for ignition and combustion support, which is delivered by tanker truck to a 100,000 gallon on-site storage tank.

The Collins Station

        The Collins Station is a 2,698 MW gas and oil-fired power plant located in Grundy County, near Morris, Illinois. The Collins Station consists of five units referred to as Units 1- 5. The Collins Station was built in 1977 and occupies approximately 3,723 acres, inclusive of a portion of Heideke Lake, the station's cooling lake. The Collins Station contains five dual-fueled boilers originally fired using No. 6 fuel oil, but now capable of burning natural gas or oil. This dual fuel capacity gives the Collins Station the flexibility to switch between natural gas and fuel oil. Beginning in January 2003, operations at Units 4 and 5, representing 1,060 MW of capacity, were suspended. See "—Management's Overview, Risks Related to the Business and Critical Accounting Policies—Management's Overview" and "—Market Risk Exposures" in "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" for additional discussion of the market conditions leading up to the decision to suspend operations at Units 4 and 5.

        Natural gas is procured in the monthly and daily spot markets, shipped at the seller's risk to Chicago, and then delivered to the Collins Station by Nicor Gas Company under a delivery contract

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that runs through 2004. Nicor Gas Company manages storage inventory and purchases gas for Midwest Generation under an agency agreement that runs concurrently with the delivery contract.

On-Site and Off-Site Peaking Facilities

        The on-site peaking units consist of four peaking facilities: Crawford, Fisk, Waukegan and Joliet. The on-site peaking units were commissioned in 1968, except for Joliet, which was commissioned in 1969. The Joliet on-site peaking facilities, representing 101 MW of capacity, are scheduled to be decommissioned by the third quarter of 2004.

        The off-site peaking units consist of four peaking facilities: Calumet, Electric Junction, Lombard and Sabrooke. The off-site peaking units were commissioned in 1969, except for Electric Junction, which was commissioned in 1970. Midwest Generation decommissioned its 45 MW Bloom peaking facility in 2003.

        Both the on-site peaking units and the off-site peaking units burn either No. 2 fuel oil, No. 1 fuel oil (jet fuel) or natural gas. Natural gas is purchased in the monthly and daily spot markets and is shipped at the seller's risk to Chicago. Peoples Gas provides delivery services, including balancing storage, to the site under tariffs approved by the Illinois Commerce Commission. Midwest Generation purchases No. 1 fuel oil and No. 2 fuel oil from bids taken annually. Shipments to the various sites are in tanker trucks and inventory is replenished as needed by the site. The oil price is tied to the Oil Price Information Service posted price (the market price) on the date of delivery. Truck delivery charges are at fixed agreed-upon prices.

Power Markets

        Beginning in 2003, Midwest Generation has been selling a significant portion of its energy into wholesale power markets. As discussed further below, Exelon Generation has released 5,428 MW of Midwest Generation's generating capacity from the power purchase agreements entered into by Exelon Generation and Midwest Generation, leaving 3,859 MW of Midwest Generation's generating capacity subject to the power purchase agreements with Exelon Generation for the remainder of 2004. All these power purchase agreements expire on December 31, 2004. Energy produced by Midwest Generation not under contract with Exelon Generation is sold at market prices to utilities, third-party electricity retailers and power marketers through Edison Mission Marketing & Trading.

        With respect to the capacity that has been released from the power purchase agreements with Exelon Generation, Midwest Generation's coal units derive their revenue from forward sales to regional utilities and power marketers and from sales on a spot basis, and the Collins Station and the peaking units derive revenue from sales on a spot basis.

        The primary markets currently available to Midwest Generation for sales of electricity and capacity not subject to the power purchase agreements are direct "wholesale customers" and broker-arranged "over-the-counter customers." Wholesale customer transactions are bilateral sales to regional buyers, including investor-owned utilities, municipal utilities, rural electric cooperatives and retail energy suppliers. Wholesale customer transactions include real-time, daily and longer term structured sales; they are not arranged through brokers and may be tailored to meet the specific requirements of wholesale electricity consumers. Over-the-counter markets are generally accessed through third-party brokers and electronic exchanges, and include forward sales of electricity. The most liquid over-the-counter markets in the Midwest region are sales into the control area of Cinergy, referred to as "Into Cinergy," and, to a lesser extent, sales into the control areas of Commonwealth Edison and American Electric Power, referred to as "Into ComEd" and "Into AEP," respectively. Due to geographic proximity, "Into ComEd" has been the primary market for Midwest Generation. Since 2002, liquidity has decreased significantly in these markets and continues to be limited because of the

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decision by many trading entities to reduce or discontinue operations. In addition, the financial problems of other trading entities have resulted in far fewer creditworthy participants in these markets.

        The emergence of "Into Cinergy," "Into ComEd" and "Into AEP" as commercial hubs for the trading of physical power not only facilitates transparency of wholesale power prices in these markets, but also provides liquidity required to support risk management strategies utilized to mitigate exposure to electricity price volatility. Energy is traded in the form of physically delivered megawatt-hours. Delivery is either made (1) into the receiving control area's transmission system (i.e., Cinergy's, ComEd's, or AEP's transmission system) by the seller's daily election of control area interface, or (2) by procuring energy generated from a source within the receiving control area. Almost all of Midwest Generation's plants are capable of meeting the current "Into ComEd" delivery criteria. Performance of transactions in these markets is subject to contracts that generally provide for liquidated damages supported by a variety of credit requirements, which may include independent credit assessment, parent company guarantees, letters of credit and cash margining arrangements. As noted, however, liquidity in all of these markets has been adversely affected by the financial problems of trading and marketing entities.

        As discussed below, the prices for certain sales by Midwest Generation could be adversely affected if Commonwealth Edison's transmission system is integrated into the transmission system administered by PJM Interconnection, LLC, commonly referred to as PJM, and if market power mitigation measures for the Northern Illinois Control Area, referred to as NICA, as currently proposed by PJM, and pending before the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, or FERC, are adopted. See "Item 1. Business—Transmission."

        For a discussion of the risks related to Midwest Generation's sale of electricity, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Market Risk Exposures."

Transmission

        Currently, sales of power produced by Midwest Generation that is not under a power purchase agreement with Exelon Generation require using transmission which must be obtained from Commonwealth Edison. An independent system operator does not yet oversee operations of the Commonwealth Edison control area; however, it has requested that such operations be placed under the control of PJM effective May 1, 2004. Such request is currently pending decision by FERC (see further discussion of this proceeding below). In addition, a number of other utilities in the region participate in the Midwest Independent System Operator (Midwest ISO), a Regional Transmission Organization (RTO) authorized pursuant to the FERC's Order No. 2000, where a bilateral market with a single rate for transmission within the RTO already exists. The regional market is further supported by open access transmission under various utility company transmission tariffs that are not within the Midwest ISO. The open access transmission tariffs of the Midwest ISO and others in the region allow Midwest Generation to utilize their transmission and distribution systems to sell power at wholesale on a non-discriminatory basis relative to the system owners. Such tariffs are vital to allow Midwest Generation to compete in the deregulated electricity markets because they provide a uniform set of prices and standards of transmission service that have been approved by regulatory agencies and are publicly available.

        The Illinois Electric Service Customer Choice and Rate Relief Law of 1997 requires each Illinois electric utility that owns or controls transmission facilities or provides transmission services in Illinois, and is a member in the Mid-American Interconnected Network, such as Commonwealth Edison, to submit for approval by the FERC an application for establishing or joining an independent system operator. On December 11, 2002, Commonwealth Edison, American Electric Power and others filed with the FERC seeking permission to join PJM as their RTO. PJM is a prominent independent system

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operator providing system operations and market settlement throughout the Mid-Atlantic States. The effect of including Commonwealth Edison and American Electric Power in the PJM RTO would be to transfer functional control of their transmission systems to PJM and to eliminate so-called rate pancaking for transmission and ancillary services over a region that would extend significantly beyond the current western boundaries of PJM and into electricity markets in the Midwest. Rate pancaking occurs when energy must move through multiple, separately priced transmission systems to travel from its point of production to its point of delivery, and each transmission owner along the line charges separately for the use of its system. Another effect would be to make the transmission systems of Commonwealth Edison and American Electric Power subject to the PJM Open Access Transmission Tariff (referred to herein as the "PJM Tariff") and Market Rules. Under such rules (and assuming the inclusion of both Commonwealth Edison and American Electric Power in PJM), sales of power from the Midwest Generation plants can be made within the broad regional area encompassed by PJM without the necessity of securing physical reservations of transmission capacity, either through bilateral transactions with specific purchasers or into the PJM-dispatched markets without a named counterparty.

        Approval of the December 11 application of Commonwealth Edison and American Electric Power was granted by the FERC on April 1, 2003. However, the ability of American Electric Power to join PJM has been brought into question by the enactment of legislation in Virginia on April 2, 2003, requiring the approval of Virginia state authorities for any transfer of control from American Electric Power to PJM of American Electric Power transmission assets located in Virginia. In July 2003, state authorities in Kentucky placed similar obstatcles on the transfer of control of American Electric Power transmission assets located in that state.

        On April 16, 2003, Commonwealth Edison and PJM issued a joint press release stating that the integration of Commonwealth Edison into PJM would proceed separately from that of American Electric Power, notwithstanding the absence of a direct transmission link owned by Commonwealth Edison between its service territory and the existing PJM. In response, EME, Midwest Generation, and other affected parties filed with the FERC for clarification or rehearing of its April 1, 2003 order, and essentially contested the appropriateness of Commonwealth Edison joining PJM on an "islanded" basis, without a direct transmission link between its service territory and that of the existing PJM. On June 4, 2003, the FERC clarified that a series of pre-conditions imposed by an order issued on July 31, 2002, which tentatively approved the stated decisions of Commonwealth Edison and American Electric Power to join PJM together, continue to be applicable to the separate application of Commonwealth Edison to join PJM alone. On August 1, 2003, Commonwealth Edison filed a notice of appeal of the July 31, 2002 order and the June 4, 2003 order on rehearing with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.

        Processing by PJM of Commonwealth Edison's application to integrate Commonwealth Edison's operations under PJM separately from American Electric Power was delayed following the August 14, 2003 blackout in the Midwest and Northeast. On December 31, 2003, PJM and Commonwealth Edison made a filing with the FERC seeking its approval to commence full integration of Commonwealth Edison on May 1, 2004, without AEP. On January 21, 2004, EME and Midwest Generation filed a protest opposing the separate integration of Commonwealth Edison into PJM on an "islanded" basis on numerous grounds, including the adverse impact of a separate, stand-alone segment of PJM limited to the control area of Commonwealth Edison, which would be essentially disconnected from the rest of PJM by the states of Indiana and Ohio. One of the primary objections to such a circumscribed market within PJM, which would be subject to its market rules, is the fact that the PJM Market Monitor utilizes price mitigation techniques that do not take into account the availability of imports of electricity from non-PJM sources in evaluating the existence of competitive conditions and in deciding whether to apply restraints on bids from generators located within PJM—in this instance, the service territory of Commonwealth Edison. PJM subsequently filed its intended rules for the application of its market

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mitigation techniques to such territory, which EME and Midwest Generation have also opposed on numerous factual and legal grounds (see further discusssion below). It is not possible to predict the outcome of such further proceedings at this time.

        On July 23, 2003, the FERC issued an order finding that the regional through and out rates, or RTORs, of the Midwest ISO and PJM are unjust and unreasonable when applied to transactions sinking within the proposed Midwest ISO/PJM footprint and directed Midwest ISO and PJM to make a compliance filing within thirty days eliminating the RTORs. The FERC also initiated an investigation and hearing to determine whether the through and out rate under the tariffs of Commonwealth Edison, AEP and others (for which RTO membership has been delayed) are unjust, unreasonable or unduly discriminatory or preferential for transactions sinking in the proposed Midwest ISO/PJM footprint. Such actions by FERC were designed to achieve the elimination of transmission rate pancaking within the broad region encompassed by PJM, as expanded, and the Midwest ISO, which was one of several actions required as a condition of its approval in July 2002 of the decisions of Commonwealth Edison and American Electric Power to join PJM instead of the Midwest ISO. Numerous transmission owners sought rehearing of the July 23 order, and the FERC subsequently issued an order on rehearing on November 17, 2003, setting a new effective date of April 1, 2004, for the elimination of the through and out rates and making certain other adjustments to phase in the new rates. However, the affected parties in the region have continued to protest the alleged adverse financial impact of the described orders on them, and FERC subsequently moved the date for the elimination of the through and out rates to May 1, 2004. On March 5, 2004, the affected parties announced an agreement to postpone the date for the elimination of the through and out rates to December 1, 2004 in an effort to facilitate a settlement of the longer-term issues. Midwest Generation opposes such agreement on legal and policy grounds, but it has been filed with the FERC with a request for approval by March 19, 2004. The outcome cannot be predicted.

        In the meantime, on September 29 and 30, 2003, the FERC held a Commissioner-level hearing and inquiry into regional transmission organization issues related to the Midwest ISO and PJM. The purpose of the inquiry was to gather sufficient information to move forward in resolving the commitment made by several entities, including Commonwealth Edison, to establish a joint and common market in the Midwest and PJM region. Following such inquiry, on November 25, 2003, the FERC issued an order finding that the actions of the state of Virginia described above and similar actions of state authorities in Kentucky were impeding the ability of American Electric Power to join PJM and thus potentially thwarting the development of regional power markets in the Midwest. The order set for hearing certain issues that must be addressed in order to "exempt" a utility from a state law or regulation having such effect, and required a decision by the assigned Administrative Law Judge by March 15, 2004. Such hearings have been completed and the matter has been briefed and argued to the Administrative Law Judge, where it is currently under submission awaiting his decision. The November 25, 2003 order also required American Electric Power to be integrated into PJM by October 1, 2004.

        As described above, there currently is a proposal pending before FERC to integrate Commonwealth Edison into PJM on an "islanded" basis effective May 1, 2004. On February 5, 2004, PJM filed proposed revisions to the PJM Tariff to incorporate market power mitigation measures for the NICA, which would become effective upon Commonwealth Edison's integration into PJM on a stand-alone basis, currently scheduled for May 1, 2004. In its February 5, 2004 filing, PJM claimed that, while the NICA markets were expected to generally be competitive, mitigation measures were required to control the exercise of market power in certain circumstances. With regard to the NICA energy market, PJM has proposed that in certain circumstances, sales by marginal units would be capped at the greater of such units' incremental operating cost plus ten percent or the NICA market price. With regard to sales of capacity in the NICA, PJM also has proposed that offers of capacity be capped at $30 per megawatt-day, plus any additional amounts that are demonstrated to compensate the seller for

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its opportunity costs or other annual avoidable incremental costs. In certain circumstances, this offer cap could be increased to $160 per megawatt-day. On February 26, 2004, Midwest Generation filed a protest to PJM's proposed market power mitigation measures for the NICA which contested the need for these mitigation measures and requested that FERC defer Commonwealth Edison's integration into PJM until American Electric Power's scheduled integration into PJM on October 1, 2004. It is not possible to predict at this time whether PJM's proposed market power mitigation measures for the NICA will be accepted by FERC, either in whole, or in part. If FERC should accept these market power mitigation measures as currently proposed by PJM, the prices for certain sales by Midwest Generation could be adversely affected.

        For a discussion of the risks related to Midwest Generation's transmission service, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Market Risk Exposures."

Power Purchase Agreements

        On December 15, 1999, Midwest Generation entered into three separate five-year power purchase agreements with Commonwealth Edison that expire on December 31, 2004. In January 2001, Commonwealth Edison assigned these agreements to its affiliate, Exelon Generation. Under these agreements, Midwest Generation agreed to make the capacity of specific units of the Illinois Stations available to Exelon Generation. These agreements allow Midwest Generation to sell any excess energy, including energy not dispatched by Exelon Generation, to other purchasers under specified conditions. Payments under these power purchase agreements constituted approximately 65% of Midwest Generation's energy and capacity revenues during the year ended December 31, 2003 and 99% during all three years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, with the balance coming from third-party sales of energy. As discussed in detail below, Exelon Generation has released 5,428 MW of Midwest Generation's generating capacity from the power purchase agreements for 2004. Therefore, 3,859 MW of Midwest Generation's generating capacity remains subject to power purchase agreements with Exelon Generation in 2004.

Coal-Fired Stations Power Purchase Agreement

        The power purchase agreement for the coal-fired stations provides for capacity payments for the units under contract, whether or not energy is generated, and for energy payments for energy taken by Exelon Generation. The capacity payments compensate Midwest Generation for fixed charges such as debt service, labor and insurance, and the energy payment compensates Midwest Generation for variable costs of the actual electricity production taken by Exelon Generation. Exelon Generation also compensates Midwest Generation for the cost of startups, shutdowns and some low-load operations, which are not covered by the normal energy charge rate. Midwest Generation also supplies ancillary services with respect to the coal-fired stations. If Exelon Generation does not request all available energy from the coal-fired stations under the power purchase agreement, Midwest Generation may sell the excess energy to third parties, subject to certain conditions.

        Pursuant to the provisions of the coal-fired power purchase agreement, Exelon Generation has elected to retain 2,383 MW of coal-fired capacity for contract year 2004, thus releasing from the contract 3,262 MW of capacity. The final contract year under this power purchase agreement is 2004.

        The following table lists the coal-fired units from which Exelon Generation is committed to purchase capacity and energy during 2004 and the units which have been released from the terms of the power purchase agreement, along with related pricing information set forth in the power purchase agreement.

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2004—Coal-Fired Units

 
  Unit Size
(MW)

  Summer(1)
Capacity Charge
($ per MW Month)

  Non-Summer(1)
Capacity Charge
($ per MW Month)

  Energy Prices
($/MWhr)

Units under Contract                
  Waukegan Unit 7   328   11,000   1,375   17.0
  Crawford Unit 8   326   11,000   1,375   17.0
  Will County Unit 4   520   11,000   1,375   17.0
  Joliet Unit 8   522   11,000   1,375   17.0
  Waukegan Unit 8   361   21,300   2,663   20.0
  Fisk Unit 19   326   21,300   2,663   20.0
   
           
    2,383            

Released Units(2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Waukegan Unit 6   100      
  Crawford Unit 7   216      
  Will County Unit 1(3)   156      
  Will County Unit 2(3)   154      
  Will County Unit 3   262      
  Joliet Unit 6(4)   314      
  Joliet Unit 7   522      
  Powerton Unit 5   769      
  Powerton Unit 6   769      
   
           
    3,262            
   
           
    5,645            
   
           

(1)
"Summer" months are June through September, and "Non-Summer" months are the remaining months in the year.

(2)
Released units refer to those option units for which Exelon Generation has not exercised its right to purchase capacity and energy during 2004, and which are thus released from the terms of the power purchase agreement.

(3)
Operations currently suspended at these units.

(4)
Under the power purchase agreement, Joliet Unit 6 sold to Exelon Generation based on 314 MW of net power output. Exelon Generation subsequently sold 24 MW of auxiliary power to Joliet Units 7 and 8 via internal power distribution lines. Under merchant operation, the Joliet Station nets the power transferred out between Joliet Unit 6 and Joliet Units 7 and 8 reducing Joliet Unit 6 net output to the grid to 290 MW.

        As noted in the above table, the coal-fired units' power purchase agreement sets forth different capacity charges for the summer months and the non-summer months. The capacity payments are based on the contracted amounts identified in the power purchase agreement and are adjusted by a factor that is in part based on the group equivalent availability factor. If the group equivalent availability factor is higher than a specified threshold, then the adjustment factor calculation provides Midwest Generation with the opportunity to increase the normal monthly capacity payment, but if the group equivalent availability factor is lower than the minimum, then Midwest Generation is penalized by a loss in the monthly capacity payment. The monthly capacity payment adjustment factor provides Midwest Generation with an incentive to maintain the individual units at high equivalent availabilities. The group equivalent availability factor required in the calculation for potentially achieving the full monthly capacity payment for the coal-fired units is 65% for the summer months and 55% for the non-summer months.

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Collins Station Power Purchase Agreement

        The Collins Station power purchase agreement provides for capacity payments for the units under contract, whether or not energy is generated, and for energy payments for energy generated by Midwest Generation and taken by Exelon Generation. The capacity payments provide Midwest Generation revenue for fixed charges such as debt service, labor and insurance, and the energy payment partially compensates Midwest Generation for variable costs of actual electricity production taken by Exelon Generation. The agreement also includes the requirement that Midwest Generation supply ancillary services with respect to units under contract. Exelon Generation is obligated to dispatch and purchase a specified minimum amount of electric energy or pay an additional payment calculated under the agreement to meet this minimum purchase requirement. If Exelon Generation does not request all available energy from the units under contract, Midwest Generation may sell the excess energy to third parties, subject to several conditions.

        Pursuant to the provisions of the Collins Station power purchase agreement, Exelon Generation has elected to retain 1,084 MW of capacity of the units at the Collins Station for contract year 2004, thus releasing from the contract 1,614 MW of capacity. The final contract year under this power purchase agreement is 2004.

        The following table lists the generating units at the Collins Station from which Exelon Generation is committed to purchase capacity and energy during 2004 and the generating units which have been released from the terms of the power purchase agreement, along with related pricing information set forth in the power purchase agreement.

2004—Collins Station

Generating Unit

  Unit Size
(MW)

  Summer(1)
Capacity Charge
($ per MW Month)

  Non-Summer(1)
Capacity Charge
($ per MW Month)

  Energy Prices
($/MWhr)

Units Under Contract                
  Collins Unit 1   554   8,333   2,083   34
  Collins Unit 3   530   8,333   2,083   34
   
           
    1,084            

Released Units(2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Collins Unit 2   554      
  Collins Unit 4(3)   530      
  Collins Unit 5(3)   530      
   
           
    1,614            
   
           
    2,698            
   
           

(1)
"Summer" months are June through September, and "Non-Summer" months are the remaining months in the year.

(2)
Released units refer to those generating units for which Exelon Generation has exercised its right to terminate the power purchase agreement, and which are thus released from the terms of the power purchase agreement.

(3)
Operations currently suspended at these units.

        As noted in the above table, the Collins Station power purchase agreement sets forth different capacity charges for the summer months and non-summer months. The capacity payments are based on the contracted amounts identified in the agreement and are adjusted by a factor that is in part based on the group equivalent availability factor. With respect to all energy purchased under the power purchase agreement, Exelon Generation is obligated to pay: a monthly capacity charge for the reserved units which varies according to the time of year; a per megawatt-hour energy charge; various charges

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for start-up of the reserved units; low load charges that apply at any hour in which Exelon Generation schedules a reserved unit to operate at an output below a level specified in the agreement; and an annual settlement amount to the extent natural gas prices exceed a specified amount and Exelon Generation dispatches more than a threshold amount of energy. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Management's Overview" for discussion related to the Collins Station lease. In addition, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Management's Overview, Risks Related to the Business and Critical Accounting Policies—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" for discussion related to the asset impairment for Midwest Generation's Collins Station.

Peaking Units Power Purchase Agreement

        The peaking units power purchase agreement provides for capacity payments for the units under contract, whether or not energy is generated, and for energy payments for energy taken by Exelon Generation. If Exelon Generation does not request all available energy from the units under contract, Midwest Generation may sell the excess energy to third parties, subject to several conditions.

        Pursuant to the provisions of the power purchase agreement, Exelon Generation has elected to retain 392 MW of capacity of the peaking units for contract year 2004, thus releasing from the contract 552 MW of capacity. The final contract year under this power purchase agreement is 2004.

        The following table shows the peaking units from which Exelon Generation is committed to purchase capacity and energy during 2004 and the peaking units which have been released from the terms of the power purchase agreement, along with related pricing information set forth in the power purchase agreement.

2004—Peaking Units

Generating Unit

  Unit Size
(MW)

  Summer(1)
Capacity Charge
($ per MW Month)

  Non-Summer(1)
Capacity Charge
($ per MW Month)

  Energy Prices
($/MWhr)

Units Under Contract   392   9,500   1,500   60-95
Released Units(2)   552      
   
           
    944            
   
           

(1)
"Summer" months are June through September, and "Non-Summer" months are the remaining months in the year.

(2)
Released units refer to those peaking units for which Exelon Generation has exercised its right to terminate the power purchase agreement, and which are thus released from the terms of the power purchase agreement.

        See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Management's Overview, Risks Related to the Business and Critical Accounting Policies—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" for discussion related to asset impairment charges for Midwest Generation's peaking units.

Fuel Supply

        Coal is used to fuel 5,621 MW of Midwest Generation's generating capacity. The coal is purchased from several suppliers that operate mines in the Southern Powder River Basin of Wyoming. The coal is purchased under a variety of supply agreements ranging up to ten years in length. The total volume of coal consumed annually has been between 15 million to 18 million tons, largely dependent on the amount of generation.

        All coal is transported under long-term transportation agreements with the Union Pacific Railroad and various delivering carriers. As of December 31, 2003, Midwest Generation leased approximately

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3,460 railcars to transport the coal from the mines to the generating stations. The railcar leases have terms that range from as short as 9 months up to 16 years, with options to extend the lease for or purchase some railcars at the end of the lease term. The coal is transported nearly 1,200 miles from the mines to the stations.

        Coal for the Fisk and Crawford Stations is first shipped by rail to the Will County Station where it is transferred from the railcars, blended as necessary to meet station specifications, and loaded into river barges. These barges are towed by an independent contractor under a transportation agreement with Midwest Generation to the stations.

        The 2,698 MW Collins Station is a gas-fired steam generating station which may also burn fuel oil. Approximately 3,000,000 barrels of usable on-site fuel oil storage exist at the station. Edison Mission Marketing & Trading purchases the natural gas and provides price risk management services for both fuel oil and natural gas. All fuel oil purchasing is done, as necessary, by Edison Mission Energy Services, Inc., another Midwest Generation affiliate.

        Approximately 899 MW of peaking capacity in the form of simple cycle combustion turbines are located throughout the northern part of Illinois. These units are fueled with either natural gas or distillate fuel oils, depending on the specific site. The natural gas is purchased by Edison Mission Marketing & Trading. The distillate fuel oil is purchased by Edison Mission Energy Services under annual contracts with local suppliers, and the residual fuel oil is purchased as required by generation forecasts.

        See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies," for additional discussion of contractual commitments related to Midwest Generation's fuel supply contracts.

Operation of the Stations

        The operating performance of the stations, based on equivalent availability factors for the years 2001 to 2003, is shown below. The equivalent availability factor, a ratio expressed as a percentage, is the number of megawatt-hours that each station is available to generate electricity divided by the product of the capacity of each station (in MW) and the number of hours in the period.

Equivalent Availability Factor

Facility

  2001(1)
  2002(1)
  2003(2)
 
Collins   83.0 % 92.5 % 87.5 %
Crawford   79.6 % 88.1 % 84.9 %
Fisk   85.0 % 77.4 % 91.5 %
Joliet Unit 6   78.5 % 89.7 % 83.8 %
Joliet Units 7 and 8   73.1 % 88.6 % 86.6 %
Powerton   88.8 % 80.2 % 73.7 %
Waukegan   91.9 % 79.0 % 85.1 %
Will County   79.4 % 91.2 % 82.8 %

(1)
In 2001 and 2002, all units were under contract and equivalent availabilities shown are as calculated under the contract. Certain forced outages are considered non-curtailing or "excused" under the power purchase agreement if they occur during low demand periods. As such, these equivalent availabilities can be 1% to 4% higher than the actual equivalent availabilities calculated under an operating basis.

(2)
In 2003, equivalent availability was reported on an operating basis as certain units became merchant.

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Operation and Maintenance

        Midwest Generation's operating and maintenance plan, as well as several planned overhauls of major equipment and controls, is consistent with Midwest Generation's goal of prudently operating and maintaining the units. Midwest Generation utilizes computerized maintenance systems to plan and schedule all maintenance activities. Midwest Generation also employs a preventative maintenance program complemented by new predictive maintenance technologies such as lubrication analysis, thickness testing, thermography, vibration analysis and acoustic analysis.

Transmission and Interconnection

        Station units at Joliet, Will County, Crawford and Waukegan and off-site peakers located at Electric Junction, Lombard, Calumet, and Sabrooke are connected to Commonwealth Edison's 138kV transmission system. The offsite peakers are connected via transmission substations, and the remaining units including the Fisk Station are connected through various circuit breakers and transformers. Power output from the Collins Station's units is connected to Commonwealth Edison's 765kV transmission system and 345kV transmission system. The two Joliet units subject to the leveraged lease transactions and the two Powerton units deliver their power into Commonwealth Edison's 345kV transmission system.

Insurance

        Midwest Generation maintains insurance coverage consistent with that normally carried by companies engaged in similar business and owning similar properties. Midwest Generation's insurance program includes all-risk property insurance, including business interruption, covering real and personal property, including losses from boilers, machinery breakdowns, and the perils of earthquake and flood, subject to specific sublimits. Midwest Generation also carries general liability insurance covering liabilities to third parties for bodily injury or property damage resulting from operations, automobile liability insurance and excess liability insurance. Further, Midwest Generation has the benefit of title insurance obtained at the time it acquired the Illinois Plants. Limits and deductibles in respect of these insurance policies are comparable to those carried by other electric generating facilities of similar size. However, no assurance can be given that Midwest Generation's insurance will be adequate to cover all losses.

Seasonality

        Under the terms of the power purchase agreements with Exelon Generation, Midwest Generation receives significantly higher capacity payments during June through September, the summer months. Accordingly, Midwest Generation's operating results are substantially higher during these months and lower, including expected losses, during non-summer months. In addition, Midwest Generation expects that future electric revenues from sales into the wholesale markets will be higher in the third quarter of each year due to higher demand for energy resulting from warmer weather in the summer months.

Competition

Federal

        The Energy Policy Act of 1992 laid the groundwork for a competitive wholesale market for electricity. Among other things, the Energy Policy Act expanded the FERC's authority to order electric utilities to transmit third-party electricity over their transmission lines, thus allowing qualifying facilities under the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978, power marketers and those qualifying as exempt wholesale generators under the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935 to compete more effectively in the wholesale market. In an order dated November 9, 1999, the FERC determined that,

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based on the facts stated in Midwest Generation's application, Midwest Generation is an exempt wholesale generator.

        In 1996, the FERC issued Order No. 888, also known as the Open Access Rules, which require utilities to offer eligible wholesale transmission customers non-discriminatory open access on utility transmission lines on a comparable basis to the utilities' own use of the lines. In addition, the Open Access Rules directed jurisdictional public utilities that control a substantial portion of the nation's electric transmission networks to file uniform, non-discriminatory open access tariffs containing the terms and conditions under which they would provide such open access transmission service. The FERC subsequently issued Order Nos. 888-A, 888-B and 888-C to clarify the terms that jurisdictional transmitting utilities are required to include in their open access transmission tariffs. The FERC also issued Order No. 889, which required those transmitting utilities to abide by specified standards of conduct when using their own transmission systems to make wholesale sales of power, and to post specified transmission information, including information about transmission requests and availability, on a publicly available computer bulletin board.

        In December 1999, the FERC issued Order No. 2000, which required all transmission-owning utilities to file by December 15, 2000, a statement of their plans with respect to placing operating control over their transmission assets under a Regional Transmission Organization, or RTO, meeting certain criteria set forth in the Order. Although Order No. 2000 did not mandate that a utility join an RTO, it set forth various incentives for voluntary joining and required utilities to explain in detail their reasons for deviating from the objectives set forth in the Order. RTOs meeting the FERC's criteria in Order No. 2000 were required to be operationally independent of the transmission-owning utilities whose assets they controlled and to possess other essential attributes, such as regional scope and configuration, the authority to receive and rule upon requests for service, a separate tariff governing all transactions of the RTO, a market monitoring capability, and other features.

        In subsequent orders, the FERC has progressively tightened its policies in favor of RTO formation, including an explicit proposal that approvals of market-based rate authority for affiliates of utilities owning transmission should be tied to the utilities' placing functional control over their transmission assets in an RTO meeting the criteria of Order No. 2000. On January 15, 2003, the FERC proposed to allow additional percentage points on a utility's return on equity in its transmission rates when it participates in an RTO, divests its RTO-operated transmission assets, or pursues additional measures that promote efficient operation and expansion of the transmission grid. As outlined below, the FERC has also proposed to establish a standard market design that would govern transmission service and energy trading arrangements in all regions of the country.

        On July 31, 2002, the FERC issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking having the stated purpose of remedying the remaining opportunities for undue discrimination in transmission and establishing a standardized transmission service and wholesale market design, or SMD, that would provide a "level playing field" for all entities that seek to participate in wholesale electric markets. The SMD proposal includes a number of features that, taken together, should provide a flexible transmission service and an open and transparent spot market design that convey the right pricing signals for investment in transmission and generation facilities, and for other purposes. Comments on certain features of the SMD proposal were filed by interested parties in October 2002 and during the first quarter of 2003. The SMD proposal has also engendered considerable comment, and in some cases opposition, including in the U.S. Congress, and the anticipated timetable for issuance of a final rule is now unclear.

        In April 2003, the FERC attempted to address some more controversial aspects of its SMD proposal in a "White Paper," which set forth the elements of its SMD proposal that it regarded as the most fundamental features of a sound wholesale market "platform" and modified its proposal as to other aspects that it regarded as subject to regional variation. Currently, the SMD policies are being implemented in different degrees and on different schedules in various parts of the country, and are

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the subject of active consideration and focus by stakeholders in wholesale markets in the Midwest. These and other regulatory initiatives by the FERC are ongoing, and it is not possible to predict the extent of future developments or how they might affect the wholesale power business.

        Over the past few years, the U.S. Congress has considered various legislative proposals to restructure the electric industry that would require, among other things, retail customer choice, repeal of the Public Utility Holding Company Act, and prospective, partial repeal of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act. There are also a number of other proposals that have been introduced in Congress that incorporate provisions related to restructuring electricity markets. Different versions of such legislation passed both houses of Congress late in the last session and included provisions related to repeal of the Public Utility Holding Company Act, providing the FERC with new authority related to imposing reliability standards but restricting the FERC's ability to mandate adoption of a standard wholesale market design. A joint Conference Committee produced a report that was acceptable to the House, but was unable to obtain sufficient votes in the Senate to limit extended debate by opponents of the conference report seeking to delay final adoption of the bill (known as a filibuster). It is unclear at this time whether the Senate will be able to muster sufficient votes in the current session to overcome a filibuster and obtain the needed waivers from budgetary rules and pass the Conference report. While there are some pending efforts to enact portions of the comprehensive energy bill on an individual basis, the Congressional leadership and administration have thus far opposed such efforts and the likelihood of success is uncertain.

State

        In response to pressure from retail electric customers, particularly large industrial users, the state commissions or state legislatures of many states have considered whether to open the retail electric power market to competition. Retail competition is possible when a customer's local utility agrees, or is required, to unbundle its distribution service (for example, the delivery of electric power through its local distribution lines) from its transmission and generation service (for example, the provision of electric power from the utility's generating facilities or wholesale power purchases). Several state commissions and legislatures have issued orders or passed legislation requiring utilities to offer unbundled retail distribution service. Volatility in California and other regional power markets has resulted in several states slowing, and in some cases reversing or reassessing, their plans to allow retail competition. Retail competition in Illinois commenced on October 1, 1999 for mostly large commercial and industrial customers, and full access, for residential customers, occurred by May 1, 2002 under the Illinois electric restructuring act of 1997. However, as noted above, Midwest Generation sells power only into the wholesale market.

Regulatory Matters

General

        Federal laws and regulations govern, among other things, transactions by and with purchasers of power, including utility companies, the operations of a power plant and the ownership of a power plant. Under limited circumstances where exclusive federal jurisdiction is not applicable or specific exemptions or waivers from state or federal laws or regulations are otherwise unavailable, federal and/or state utility regulatory commissions may have broad jurisdiction over non-utility owned electric power plants. Energy-producing projects are also subject to federal, state and local laws and regulations that govern the geographical location, zoning, land use and operation of a project. Federal, state and local environmental requirements generally require that a wide variety of permits and other approvals be obtained before the commencement of construction or operation of an energy-producing facility and that the facility then operate in compliance with these permits and approvals.

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        Midwest Generation is subject to a varied and complex body of laws and regulations that are in a state of flux. Intricate and changing environmental and other regulatory requirements could necessitate substantial expenditures and could create a significant risk of expensive delays or significant loss of value in a power plant if Midwest Generation were to become unable to function as planned due to changing requirements or local opposition.

U.S. Federal Energy Regulation

        The FERC has ratemaking jurisdiction and other authority with respect to interstate wholesale sales and transmission of electric energy under the Federal Power Act and with respect to certain interstate sales, transportation and storage of natural gas under the Natural Gas Act of 1938. The Securities and Exchange Commission has regulatory powers with respect to upstream owners of electric and natural gas utilities under the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935. The enactment of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 and the adoption of regulations under that Act by the FERC provided incentives for the development of cogeneration facilities and small power production facilities using alternative or renewable fuels by establishing certain exemptions from the Federal Power Act and the Public Utility Holding Company Act for the owners of qualifying facilities. The passage of the Energy Policy Act in 1992 further encouraged independent power production by providing additional exemptions from the Public Utility Holding Company Act for exempt wholesale generators, such as Midwest Generation. An "exempt wholesale generator" under the Public Utility Holding Company Act is an entity determined by the FERC to be exclusively engaged, directly or indirectly, in the business of owning and/or operating specified eligible facilities and selling electric energy at wholesale or, if located in a foreign country, at wholesale or retail.

The Federal Power Act

        The Federal Power Act grants the FERC exclusive jurisdiction over the rates, terms and conditions of wholesale sales of electricity and transmission services in interstate commerce, including ongoing, as well as initial, rate jurisdiction. This jurisdiction allows the FERC to revoke or modify previously approved rates after notice and opportunity for hearing. These rates may be based on a cost-of-service approach or, in geographic and product markets determined by the FERC to be workably competitive, may be market based. Exempt wholesale generators and other non-qualifying facility independent power projects are subject to the Federal Power Act and to the FERC's ratemaking jurisdiction thereunder, but the FERC typically grants exempt wholesale generators the authority to charge market-based rates to purchasers which are not affiliated electric utility companies as long as the absence of market power is shown. In addition, the Federal Power Act grants the FERC jurisdiction over the sale or transfer of jurisdictional facilities, including wholesale power sales contracts, and in some cases jurisdiction over the issuance of securities or the assumption of specified liabilities and some interlocking directorates. In granting authority to make sales at market-based rates, the FERC typically also grants blanket approval for the issuance of securities and partial waiver of the restrictions on interlocking directorates. The FERC has indicated its intention to review some of the waivers of financial reporting rules currently granted to some entities with market rate authority.

        Midwest Generation is subject to the FERC ratemaking regulation under the Federal Power Act. In addition, the FERC's order, as is customary with market-based rate schedules, reserved the right to revoke Midwest Generation's market-based rate authority on a prospective basis if it is subsequently determined that Midwest Generation or any of its affiliates possess excessive market power. If the FERC were to revoke Midwest Generation's market-based rate authority, it would be necessary for Midwest Generation to file, and obtain the FERC's acceptance of, its rate schedule as a cost-of-service rate schedule. In addition, the loss of market-based rate authority would subject Midwest Generation to the accounting, record keeping and reporting requirements that are imposed on utilities with cost-based rate schedules.

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The Public Utility Holding Company Act

        Unless exempt or found not to be a holding company by the Securities and Exchange Commission, a company that falls within the definition of a holding company must register with the Securities and Exchange Commission and become subject to Securities and Exchange Commission regulation as a registered holding company under the Public Utility Holding Company Act. "Holding company" is defined in Section 2(a)(7) of the Public Utility Holding Company Act to include, among other things, any company that owns 10% or more of the voting securities of an electric utility company. "Electric utility company" is defined in Section 2(a)(3) of the Public Utility Holding Company Act to include any company that owns or operates facilities used for generation, transmission or distribution of electric energy for sale. Exempt wholesale generators and foreign utility companies are not deemed to be electric utility companies, and ownership or operation of qualifying facilities does not cause a company to become an electric utility company. Securities and Exchange Commission precedent also indicates that it does not consider "paper facilities," such as contracts and tariffs used to make power sales, to be facilities used for the generation, transmission or distribution of electric energy for sale, and power marketing activities will not, therefore, result in an entity being deemed to be an electric utility company.

        A registered holding company is required to limit its utility operations to a single integrated utility system and to divest any other operations not functionally related to the operation of that utility system. In addition, a registered holding company will require Securities and Exchange Commission approval for the issuance of securities, other major financial or business transactions, such as mergers, and transactions between and among the holding company and holding company subsidiaries.

        Edison International, Midwest Generation's ultimate parent company, is a hold