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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 

FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS

PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d) OF THE

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

  x   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

         For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2002

 

OR

 

  ¨   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

         For the transition period from                          to                         

 

Commission File Number: 0-29357

 


 

CHORDIANT SOFTWARE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

 

93-1051328

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 

20400 Stevens Creek Blvd., Suite 400

Cupertino, California 95014

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

 

(408) 517-6100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 


 

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  None

 

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock $.001 Par Value per Share

(Title of Class)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes  x    No  ¨

 

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of June 28, 2002, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $74,718,948.

 

As of March 19, 2003, there were 64,416,911 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

Certain portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than April 30, 2003, in connection with the registrant’s 2003 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, are incorporated herein by reference into Part II and Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 



Table of Contents

CHORDIANT SOFTWARE, INC.

 

FORM 10-K

 

INDEX

 

           

PAGE


PART I

ITEM 1.

    

BUSINESS

  

3

ITEM 2.

    

PROPERTIES

  

25

ITEM 3.

    

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

  

25

ITEM 4.

    

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

  

25

PART II

ITEM 5.

    

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

  

26

ITEM 6.

    

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

  

28

ITEM 7.

    

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

  

29

ITEM 7A.

    

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

  

49

ITEM 8.

    

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

  

50

ITEM 9.

    

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES

  

82

PART III

ITEM 10.

    

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

  

82

ITEM 11.

    

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

  

82

ITEM 12.

    

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

  

82

ITEM 13.

    

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

  

82

ITEM 14.

    

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

  

83

PART IV

ITEM 15.

    

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS
ON FORM 8-K

  

84

SIGNATURES

  

85

CERTIFICATIONS

  

86

 

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PART I

 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

 

Except for the historical information contained herein, this Annual Report contains certain information that is forward-looking in nature. This information is based on our current expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about our business and our industry, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our or our industry’s results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied in, or contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “will,” “may,” “should,” “estimate,” “predict,” “guidance,” “potential,” “continue” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. As well as a result of several factors more fully described under the caption “Risk Factors” as well as those discussed elsewhere in this document. These and many other factors could affect the future financial and operating results of Chordiant. Chordiant undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events after the date of this report.

 

ITEM 1.   BUSINESS

 

Overview

 

Chordiant is an enterprise software vendor that offers a transactional customer system for global consumer companies that seek to improve the quality of customer interactions and to reduce costs through increased employee productivity and process efficiencies. Chordiant concentrates on serving global customers in retail financial services, communications and consumer direct industries.

 

We deliver a complete customer system that includes software applications and tools and services that enable businesses to successfully integrate their customer information and corporate systems for an accurate, real-time view of their customers across all forms of customer interaction.

 

We believe our system offers great flexibility to businesses to set business policies and processes to control the quality of servicing, fulfillment and marketing to their customers. Our system enables companies to control and change their business policies and process. We believe that we are leaders in providing business process driven solutions for customer management.

 

Our software architecture is based on the J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) industry standard that is widely supported by vendors and widely adopted by business customers in the industries we serve. We believe that solutions based on other architectures are less capable of meeting the current and future requirements of global consumer companies.

 

Industry Background

 

The enterprise market opportunity is large, global and comprised of multiple industries. We believe customers today place increasing value on real-time access to information, products and services and on their unique business processes. In an increasingly competitive environment, companies are faced with: reducing the cost of servicing; automating business processes; increasing customer retention; and maximizing lifetime profitability of existing customer relationships. To be successful in building long-term, profitable relationships with customers, we believe companies must take a strategic approach to attract, retain and service valuable customers. Companies need to develop and execute a new set of strategies that provide users with improved customer interactions for servicing, marketing and fulfillment processes.

 

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In the current economy, companies must be more responsive to customer needs and must deliver superior customer service and satisfaction to differentiate themselves from their competitors. Companies must provide relevant and targeted information and experiences each time an individual customer interacts with the business to service customers efficiently and retain their customers. Moreover, companies must recognize that every customer interaction provides an opportunity to sell additional, and more valuable, products and services and to increase customer loyalty through personalized customer interaction.

 

Many business-to-consumer companies are seeking to improve their ability to interact with individual customers in a real-time environment and to deliver the appropriate service at every point of customer contact. This requires integration of the company’s business processes from multiple lines of business to consistently market, sell and deliver service to their customers throughout the enterprise. By combining the total view of customer information in real-time with real-time processes and policies, companies are enabled to interact with customers across multiple dimensions of their businesses and to serve individual customers proactively. We believe companies enabled to combine a real-time single view of the customer can proactively follow through on marketing offers and service inquiries to market and serve effectively each customer’s individual needs.

 

We believe that companies need a complete customer system that provides for a flexible, integrated solution that supports all customer contact with a comprehensive single view of the customer combined with consistent business processes. Today, customer data must be accessed from multiple sources, applications and transaction systems to respond to customer inquiries following company-specific business rules. Unlike traditional customer profiles, a single view of the customer must be updated in real time for each customer contact and must reflect the customer’s contact history and other relevant information. A completely customer-focused software solution improves the ability to attract, serve and retain customers on a personalized basis and to understand their needs and preferences, which enables companies to provide consistent interactions through any communication channel.

 

The business channels and communication touch points between companies and their employees, partners and customers have grown to include not only traditional channels such as direct mail, the telephone, retail stores and direct sales forces, but also electronic channels such as e-mail, web commerce sites and web self-service sites. As a result, valuable customer data is stored in numerous, disparate back-office systems, numerous enterprise software applications as well as data stores that are commonly transactional systems, fulfillment systems and a variety of customer data sources. Because most companies lack an integrated customer information infrastructure and maintain customer data in these various disparate systems, consolidating data in real-time and addressing the multiple dimensions of the business interactions with various customers to create a single customer view is a difficult task. We believe that companies need to implement an integrated enterprise information platform to incorporate marketing, selling and servicing interactions to effectively meet their customer’s individual needs.

 

There are many challenges to implementing an enterprise approach that is focused on individual customers. These challenges include providing customers access to information and functionality that traditionally resides within complex back-end systems and integrating and managing disparate systems and generating relevant processes in real-time. Successful integration of these systems and the creation of a comprehensive single view of the customer allow companies to control routing and prompting of appropriate responses to the customer in an automated and dynamic process.

 

Many existing enterprise application offerings do not meet the new requirements of an enterprise view of customer relationships. Traditional applications for sales-force automation, call centers and field service management were originally designed for departmental functions and use by employees rather than customers. For instance, many companies continue to rely heavily on telephone-based customer service representatives and are struggling to integrate branch, retail operations, web and e-mail channels. Companies have responded to the lack of integration among existing products by attempting to design and build their own e-business software applications. The cost and time involved in custom building these new systems can be prohibitive, and the

 

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expertise required to design and integrate the systems are often beyond the capabilities of many companies. Additionally, most commercially available and custom-built systems lack the flexibility to integrate existing and anticipated technologies or to allow customization to keep up with constantly changing technologies and businesses.

 

The Chordiant 5 Solution

 

Until now, the complexities of multi-dimensional customer interactions have forced enterprises to settle for prepackaged customer system applications that require predetermined, inflexible, vendor-defined customer data models, processes and solutions. Custom-built solutions sometimes yielded better results, but have been slow to build, costly to deliver and expensive to maintain.

 

Today the business environment and customer needs are in a constant state of change. The complexities of marketing, selling and servicing multiple product lines to many customers have confounded the efforts of prepackaged customer system application vendors, delivering only static versus dynamic customer system solutions. We believe that a customer system solution with real-time capabilities and multi-dimensional customer interactions that are delivered across the enterprise and are powered by business rules and processes address this complex business environment and constantly changing customer needs.

 

Chordiant 5 is an enterprise customer system solution designed for global enterprises seeking to optimize marketing, selling and servicing efforts. We have designed our solution to integrate customer information from different data sources, generate business processes based on a customer’s specific profile and requests, and provide uniform service and data to customers across multiple channels. Our customer system is designed to enable companies to deliver appropriate offers and information to a targeted customer at the time of customer need. We believe that companies that use our products can increase the value derived from their customers through improved retention rates, improved cost efficiencies and selling opportunities that result from a personalized customer interaction.

 

The Chordiant 5 solution includes the Chordiant 5 Enterprise Platform, Chordiant 5 Marketing and Chordiant 5 Selling & Servicing products. This integrated suite of applications is built upon our JX architecture and conforms to the latest industry standards supporting J2EE (Java 2 Enterprise Edition) application servers and XML (Extensible Mark-up Language) and SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) software interfaces. This open industry platform is designed to improve integration with existing corporate IT (Information Technology) assets to leverage existing business data and information technology systems.

 

Key benefits of our customer system include the following:

 

Comprehensive single view of the customer in real-time.    Companies that have a comprehensive profile of each customer and that distribute information throughout their enterprise to the points of customer contact can provide a more consistent and personalized consumer experience. Our integration and data management technology helps companies develop a real-time profile of the customer by integrating, consolidating and managing data derived from external and internal sources. Our system uses multiple data sources, existing applications and transaction systems to build a comprehensive profile of the customer and generate the appropriate response at the time of customer contact.

 

Automated, sophisticated decision-making processes.    Business rules-driven processes help companies to make automated, yet informed, decisions about customer inquiries. Our system supports customizable business processes allowing companies to manage processes and execute business rules consistently. Our business process designer is a software application that allows companies to customize and automate their unique processes and business rules. Business rules, policies and processes can be changed and reused quickly in a number of customer-facing applications. Our sophisticated routing engine is designed to allow companies to instantly determine how to respond to specific customer inquiries and generate offers appropriate for particular customers.

 

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Consistent customer experience across multiple channels.    We believe that companies providing customers with a consistent experience across multiple communication channels enjoy greater customer satisfaction because customers are able to receive the same reliable service and information regardless of how choose to contact the company. There is a large and increasing number of customer communications channels, including web, e-mail, fax, self-service systems, mobile devices, call centers and retail outlets. Our system implements a common set of business processes and rules uniformly across systems already existing in different customer communications channels.

 

Standard and customizable business services.    We believe that companies that implement their unique business processes will realize greater levels of efficiency, consistency and customer satisfaction. We believe this results in customer cost improvements and customer service index improvements. Our solution provides a broad set of standard business objects, or fundamental business functions, that are common across industries. These standard business objects can be modified to accommodate specific customer and business processes, policies and transactions of individual companies. Additionally, our solution adapts to many existing company transaction systems and legacy data warehouses thereby leveraging these existing investments companies have previously made. We believe our solution allows companies an increased return on their existing information systems as measured by increased retention rates, increased revenue per customer and increased profitability.

 

Strategy

 

Our goal is to continue to provide a complete customer system that includes software applications, tools and services to business to consumer enterprises that enables them to provide superior and real time relationship marketing, personalized service and support to their customers.

 

Key elements of our strategy include the following:

 

Target leading global business-to-consumer companies.    We continue to focus on the global leaders in the primary business-to-consumer markets by providing solutions to the financial services, telecommunications and retail industries. These industries are characterized by complex transaction-oriented product offerings and large numbers of dispersed customers, partners, providers and suppliers. We intend to leverage our experience and continue to target sales and marketing activities through our direct sales force and integration partners to expand worldwide market share in our target markets. We believe that companies in these industries can realize significant business benefits and obtain a competitive advantage by implementing our solutions.

 

Extend technology leadership and position.    We intend to continue to devote resources to the design and development of new and innovative product capabilities. We have designed our latest version of our solution, Chordiant 5 Enterprise Platform, on the latest industry standards, including J2EE, XML and SOAP. We believe that the Chordiant 5 solution, based on these industry standards, meets the latest corporate standards in support of enterprise applications and computing.

 

Extend technology and integration alliances.    We have developed existing technology and integration alliance partnerships with which we expect to continue to partner in our efforts to expand our presence in our target markets and meet the needs of customers and prospects. We will continue to seek strategic alliances to further assist in developing, marketing and selling our solutions. This approach is intended to leverage the technology and resources available to perform application design and development services for our customers and provides additional marketing and technical expertise in industry segments. To help ensure that we deliver comprehensive solutions to our customers, we have established strategic relationships with organizations in three general categories:

 

    Systems integrators;

 

    Technology platform vendors; and

 

    Software platform vendors.

 

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Growth through vertical concentration and customer references.    We plan to achieve additional market success by referencing customers who are successful in using our solution. Our most successful customers become valuable references for our future sales opportunities. To ensure that all our customers become our references, we strive to:

 

    Deliver superior customer service to our customers, to ensure their long-term satisfaction and success with our solutions;

 

    Work with experienced and knowledgeable systems integrators to enable our customers to implement successfully large-scale deployments of our solutions;

 

    Deliver high quality customer education and training on our products to assist our customers to meet and exceed their business expectations; and

 

    Hire and retain expert consultants to assist our customers in implementation of our solutions.

 

Product Solutions

 

Our solutions are designed to address the enterprise requirements of global consumer companies serving millions of individual customers across multiple business channels integrating multiple lines of business. Our system is designed to enable global business-to-consumer enterprises to optimize marketing, selling and servicing efforts. The Chordiant 5 solution suite, our latest product release, is typically licensed as an integrated set of applications and functionalities, and is based on our JX architecture which provides an open systems based environment capable of deployment throughout a customer’s information technology infrastructure. This integrated suite includes the following products:

 

Chordiant 5 Marketing.    Chordiant 5 Marketing automates the ongoing, complex marketing processes required to plan, define, execute and optimize marketing campaigns of business-to-consumer enterprises. The Chordiant 5 Marketing solution is an integrated set of applications designed to support a full range of marketing relationship management processes. Chordiant 5 Marketing is comprised of the following applications:

 

    Chordiant 5 Marketing Director powers complex relationship marketing campaigns across all traditional media channels: direct mail, telesales, and print and broadcast advertising.

 

    Chordiant 5 Online Marketing provides the execution server for web and e-mail based marketing campaigns.

 

    Chordiant 5 Mobile Marketing provides the execution server for mobile devices such as cellular phones.

 

    Chordiant 5 OneReporting provides real-time access to detailed marketing and customer information for creating reports, analysis and intelligent marketing decision-making.

 

Chordiant 5 Selling and Servicing.    Chordiant 5 Selling & Servicing provides role-based application interfaces that optimize real-time, process driven interactions between a company and its customers. The solution provides a company’s employees who interact with customers and business partners a series of role-based interfaces for matching a company’s unique business policies and processes to individual customers to optimize selling and servicing interactions. The application automates a company’s business policies and processes accelerate customer sales cycles, improve customer interactions and gain consistent customer interactions. By using Chordiant 5 Selling & Services applications, companies are able to increase the effectiveness of sales or service offerings by matching customer profiles and contact histories with appropriate offers to increase cross- sell effectiveness and opportunities. The Chordiant 5 Selling & Servicing application suite is comprised of the following products:

 

    Chordiant 5 Branch Advisor is a web browser-based application that allows customer information and application functionality to be broadly shared within and outside a company. Chordiant 5 Advisor helps a company’s employees and partners optimize customer selling and servicing interactions through a company’s branch, back-office and partner/retail operations.

 

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    Chordiant 5 Call Center Advisor is a web browser-based application designed to provide a full set of servicing and selling business processes for high volume transactional call centers. The desktop environment is completely browser-based and utilizes unique server-side computer telephony integration provided in the Chordiant 5 Enterprise Platform for call handling, queuing, routing and sequencing customer communications, application processes and work fulfillment. The environment is designed to meet the significant performance and time-dependency requirements supporting high-volume transaction and business processes common to enterprise contact centers.

 

The Chordiant 5 Enterprise Platform.    The Chordiant 5 Enterprise Platform provides a number of servers for managing a company’s business to consumer policies, processes, profiles and integration interfaces and connections. The Chordiant 5 Enterprise Platform includes the Chordiant 5 Foundation Server, a set of Chordiant 5 application connectors, and four optional Chordiant 5 application server products.

 

    Chordiant 5 Foundation Server provides the software infrastructure to allow companies to access multiple data resources residing with a company’s transaction systems and fulfillment systems while integrating with many existing enterprise back-office applications. Chordiant 5 Foundation Server integrates and communicates with telephony equipment, legacy systems and transactional applications. The Foundation Server enables multiple workflow-driven interfaces and support for electronic communications, telephony systems and switches, relational databases, back-office business applications and legacy data warehouses. The Foundation Server includes a business process server, an integration server, an integrated set of application components and integrated tool environment for application customization and deployment.

 

    Chordiant 5 Collaboration Server is a Web-based interaction server that includes functionality for online chat, Web page publishing, synchronized co-browsing, and provides support for advanced Web applications.

 

    Chordiant 5 Rules Server is a configurable business policies server that allows companies to implement policies specific to their customer profiles, offers and business processes.

 

    Chordiant 5 Knowledge Server is a knowledge based server designed to provide intelligent responses to customer requests that are based on customer profiles, offerings of interest and an optimized set of similar inquiries.

 

    Chordiant 5 Connectors are connectivity applications that allow a business to access information and communications systems for maintaining persistent, real-time connections between information technology systems.

 

    Chordiant 5 Interaction Server is an interaction server for delivering complicated interactions to a web browser at the user interface such as smart forms, answer checking, and guided interactions.

 

Customers

 

We target global market leaders in business-to-consumer industries, particularly companies in the financial services, telecommunications, travel and leisure industries. Our customers, include: USAA, Chase Insurance, Prudential Financial Services ltd, Hutchinson 3G, Lloyds TSB Bank, Bank of Ireland, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, Signal Iduna, Canadian Tire Financial Services, Barclays Bank, Direct Line, CIBC Bank, Halifax plc, Nokia, British Telecom and British Sky Broadcasting (BskyB). As of December 31, 2002, we have licensed our software products and provided services to more than 150 customers. Our customers represent companies of all sizes, but our sales efforts are targeted on large global institutions from industries such as financial services, communications, and retail. No customer accounted for more than 18% of our revenues in either years ending December 31, 2002 or 2001.

 

A small number of customers account for a significant portion of our total revenues. As a result, the loss or delay of individual orders or delays in the product implementations for a customer can have a large impact on our

 

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revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2002, revenues from USAA, Hutchinson 3 G and Lloyds TSB accounted for approximately 17%, 13% and 11%, respectively, of our total revenues. In 2001, revenues from Lloyds TSB, EDS, Hutchinson 3 G and The Royal Bank of Scotland accounted for approximately 18%, 13%, 10% and 10%, respectively, of our total revenues. We expect that revenues from a small number of customers will continue to account for a majority of our total revenues in the future as historical implementations are completed and replaced with new projects from new and existing customers.

 

Technology

 

We design and build products to provide enterprise customer management solutions for large companies serving individual consumers. Our JX architecture is an open standards based enterprise platform based on industry standard J2EE and XML technology. Our JX architecture delivers XML connectivity and a J2EE standard object environment. Our JX architecture and in particular the Chordiant Enterprise Platform are J2EE compliant. This industry standard set of development specifications leverages the strengths of the Java programming language to enable software applications that are easier to develop, configure and integrate with legacy and third-party information technology systems.

 

Our JX technology architecture has the following characteristics:

 

Reliability

 

    Our JX architecture addresses three major problems that typically cause reliability problems with enterprise software products: software components not being available, transaction failures and inconsistent software versions deployed across distributed systems.

 

    Software Failover:  Our JX architecture uses J2EE’s failover capabilities for automatic software component failover. Therefore, if a component is not available on one system, a second system can respond without discernable impact from the end user’s perspective.

 

    Enterprise Java Bean (EJB) Containers:  Our JX architecture makes use of J2EE’s EJB container function to account for transaction failures. If an object is written as an EJB, and an associated operation aborts, the object is restored to its original state. This ensures that a customer’s data is not lost during a transactional operation.

 

    Java Archive:  Our JX architecture also uses J2EE’s Java Archive (JAR) capabilities to control version consistency of components. This ensures that system administrators do not install inconsistent versions of software across multiple machines, and end users do not run inconsistent applications that might cause a system crash or data loss.

 

Performance & Scalability

 

Excessive network traffic, serialized program execution, lack of load balancing or interpretive execution can cause performance and scalability problems in a corporate computing environment. Our JX architecture undergoes rigorous testing to ensure that it is suitable for deployment in scalable, high performance production systems. Our JX architecture features:

 

    Application Partitioning and Deployment:  JX components can be separated and automatically distributed across available nodes in the network by using J2EE’s Java Bean technology.

 

    Automated Load Balancing:  Our JX architecture leverages J2EE’s automated load balancing capability. As the number of requests or transactions on a system increases, JX automatically balances the load across multiple CPUs or systems.

 

    Compiling Extensions:  Java programming can be used to extend or customize any component within our JX architecture. This allows for software code optimization and system performance improvements.

 

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Middleware Interoperability

 

The Chordiant 5 Foundation Server is based completely on our JX architecture and is typically deployed in enterprise environments that require interoperability with a company’s existing or newly developed information technology systems. The architecture enables:

 

    Legacy Interoperability:  Enterprise systems need connectivity with back-office legacy systems. Our JX architecture supports connectivity components compatible with the JCA 1.0 (Java Connector Architecture) specification.

 

    Middleware Interoperability:  Enterprise applications inherently need to inter-operate with traditional middleware services and our architecture supports: MQ Series, Corba, RMI, IIOP, RPCs, Encina and Tuxedo.

 

Certain of our products use technology modules from third party technology providers including Sun Microsystems, IBM and BEA Systems. Our products are based on open system standards and are designed to be scalable and integrate with a company’s various information technology systems, networks and telephony systems. Our enterprise platform solutions are based on industry standards and support industry standard J2EE application servers including IBM WebSphere and BEA WebLogic. Our Server software runs on UNIX server platforms from Sun Microsystems and IBM.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

We license our solutions and sell services primarily through a direct sales organization that is complemented by the selling and support efforts of systems integrators and technology vendors. Our market focus is in the business-to-consumer segment of the economy with a targeted effort on leading consumer focused industries and companies using multiple channels as the means of conducting business and serving customers. We target our sales and marketing efforts, together with our product design efforts, on industries such as retail banking, insurance, consumer financial services, telecommunications and retailers.

 

The sales process generally ranges from three to twelve months depending on the level of knowledge that prospective customers need about the use and benefits of our solutions and the involvement of systems integrators. During the sales process, we typically approach the senior management teams of the business and information technology departments of a prospective customer’s organization. We utilize sales teams consisting of sales and technical professionals who work with our systems integration partners to create company specific proposals, presentations and demonstrations that address the needs of the business and technology requirements.

 

Our ability to achieve significant revenue growth in the future will depend in large part on how successfully we recruit, train and retain sufficient direct sales, technical and global services personnel, and how well we continue to establish and maintain relationships with our strategic partners. We believe that the complexity of our products and the large-scale deployments anticipated by our customers will require a number of highly trained global services personnel.

 

In the United States we have sales offices in Wayne, Pennsylvania, Mahwah, New Jersey and in the greater metropolitan areas of Boston, Chicago, Dallas, New York and San Antonio. Our corporate offices are located in Cupertino, California. Outside the United States, we have offices in London, Paris, Amsterdam, Frankfurt and Munich.

 

We focus our marketing efforts on educating potential customers, generating new sales opportunities and creating awareness of our solutions. We conduct a variety of marketing programs to educate our target market, including direct marketing campaigns, seminars, trade shows, press relations and industry analyst programs.

 

Our marketing organization is integral in acquiring, organizing and prioritizing customer and industry feedback to help provide product direction to our development organization. We also have a detailed product management process that surveys customers and identifies market needs to help predict and prioritize future customer requirements.

 

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Our Services

 

We offer a comprehensive set of customer services including professional consulting services and product support and training services. We believe that providing high quality customer service is critical to achieving rapid product implementation, customer success and continued revenue growth.

 

Professional Services

 

We provide implementation consulting, education and customer support services to licensed customers through our worldwide professional services organization. Our professional services consulting teams assist customers and systems integrator partners in the design and implementation of our software solutions.

 

Our professional services organization deploys consultants as part of the project team alongside systems integration partners and members of the customer’s internal team to provide technical knowledge, business engineering, project guidance and quality assessments during project implementation. In the design stage, we provide a variety of professional services that help determine a customer’s business processes and the technical requirements of the solutions implementation. In the implementation stage, we use a delivery methodology to assist customers and integration partners in planning and managing the implementation. Typically, systems integrators, supported by our consultants, manage the overall project and implement the products with a customer’s existing communications, applications, databases and transaction systems. In the final phases of an implementation, the systems integrators provide deployment services to enable a customer’s internal team to implement the system, train internal users and provide first-level end-user support to the enterprise users.

 

Our deployment methodology includes:

 

    User requirements and needs analysis;

 

    Business process engineering consultation;

 

    Technical architectural analysis and performance planning;

 

    Project management support services;

 

    Technical support for customer specific development and deployment; and

 

    Technical support for software integration and communications integration.

 

Although our primary strategy is to leverage our strategic systems integration partners for implementations, our internal professional services organization is integral in implementing our software solutions for our customers. We believe that our consulting services enhance the use and administration of our software solutions, facilitate the implementation of our solutions and result in sharing best business practices with client and systems integrator project teams. In addition to implementing our software, our professional services organization works closely with our internal research and development organization to enhance existing, and design our new software solutions. Experience and knowledge gained by our professional services organization through repeated implementation of our products is routinely shared with our research and development staff.

 

We provide our customers with support and maintenance services including telephone support, web-based support and updates to our products and documentation. We believe that providing a high level of technical support is critical to customer satisfaction. We also offer extensive training programs to our customers and other companies with which we have relationships to accelerate the implementation and adoption of our solutions by the users within a company. Fees for our training services are typically charged separately from our software license, maintenance and consulting fees.

 

Services revenues provided by us in the year ended December 31, 2002 accounted for approximately 56% of our total revenues.

 

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Customer Support

 

Our customers have a choice of support and maintenance options depending on the level of service desired. Our technical support is available to clients by telephone, over the web and by e-mail. We maintain a technical support hotline staffed by engineers from 8:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m., Eastern time, Monday through Friday, from our corporate headquarters in Cupertino, California, and local support during business hours for European customers from London, England. An optional premium service is also available providing technical support 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Additionally, we provide product enhancement releases to all customers as part of our support and maintenance contracts. We use a customer service automation system to track each customer inquiry until it is resolved. We also make use of our website and a secured customer forum to provide product information and technical support information worldwide 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

 

Educational Services

 

We provide educational services through an outsourced arrangement to train and enable our systems integrators and customers to use our products. Our training partners offer a comprehensive series of training modules to provide the knowledge and skills to successfully deploy, use and maintain our products. These training courses focus on the technical aspects of our products as well as business issues and processes. A complete set of modules covering business engineering, project management and development engineering are available. Training courses can be provided on-site for a custom session for a fee and through classroom and lab instruction.

 

We have entered into a two-year agreement, beginning March 19, 2002, with our training partner Merit International, pursuant to which Merit will provide exclusive training and certain consulting services for negotiated fees. Upon the effective date of the agreement, we transferred to Merit our training operations including selected employees.

 

Product Development

 

We have made substantial investments in research and development through internal development, acquisitions and technology licensing. Our product development efforts are focused on extending our enterprise software solutions, application components and business process functionality, and continued integration of key industry-specific transaction systems and services. Our product development organization is responsible for new software products, product architecture, core technologies, product testing, quality assurance and ensuring the compatibility of our products with third-party hardware and software platforms.

 

During 2002 we completed the acquisition of OnDemand, Inc. adding our company’s product development organization and product offerings.

 

Our product development resources are organized into a number of development teams including:

 

    Enterprise Platform and Tools development;

 

    Applications, including our Marketing, Selling and Servicing applications;

 

    Documentation; and

 

    Product test and release management.

 

Our product development teams have extensive experience in enterprise and distributed computing, J2EE and object oriented development, data management, workflow engineering, transaction system interfaces and Internet technologies. Our research and development expenditures were $22.4 million, $24.6 million and $20.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2002, we recorded charges of $1.0 million for acquired in-process research and development costs in connection with our 2002 acquisition.

 

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Strategic Partnerships

 

Establishing partnerships and alliances with third parties that provide additional services and resources for implementing our solutions to enhance our sales and service organizations’ productivity is an important element of our strategy. These relationships and alliances fall into the following categories:

 

Consulting and System Integration Relationships.    To enhance the productivity of our sales and service organizations, we have established relationships with systems integrators, complementary technology providers and alternative service providers. We have established relationships and trained professionals at a number of systems integrators including: Accenture, Electronic Data Systems Corporation, IBM Global Services, Logica plc, Ecsoft and Merit International. We plan to expand these relationships to increase our capacity to sell and implement our products. We have trained consultants in these organizations for the implementation and support of our solutions. We believe that expanding our relationships with systems integrators and independent consulting firms will enable the Company to gain a greater share of the customer system market.

 

Technology Partnerships.    We make extensive use of industry platforms and embrace a number of core technologies in our solution offerings. We have formed partnerships with vendors of software and hardware technology platforms. We currently maintain technology relationships with vendors such as Avaya/Lucent, Alcatel/Genesys, BEA Systems, Cisco Systems, IBM, Oracle and Sun Microsystems. Many of these companies voluntarily provide us with early releases of new technology platforms, education related to those platforms and limited access to their technical resources to facilitate adoption of their technology. We believe that these relationships allow us to focus on our core competencies, and to accelerate our application development efforts around J2EE and XML standards by making use of industry J2EE application servers.

 

Competition

 

The market for our products is highly competitive, rapidly evolving and can be affected by new product introductions and other market activities of industry participants. The competitive landscape is quickly evolving to address the convergence of customer interaction applications, back-office systems and e-business services. To realize the potential of this convergence, companies must be able to offer personalized marketing and sales and extend e-business services to all points of customer contact. This must be done through an integrated system and customer data model tailored by each company to meet its specific customer requirements.

 

We believe that most large-scale customer system deployments have been the result of large internal development projects, custom solutions from systems integrators or the application of personal and departmental productivity tools. We also face competition from customers’ internal development efforts, custom system integration, as well as other software providers that offer integration and development platforms. We believe that the market for enterprise customer relationship management has historically not been well-served by the application software industry.

 

Internal Development

 

Many of our customers and potential customers have in the past attempted to develop customer service, call center and customer relationship management systems in-house, either alone or with the help of systems integrators. Internal information technology departments have staffed projects to build their own systems utilizing a variety of tools. In some cases, such internal development projects have been successful in satisfying the needs of an organization. Custom development has the inherent limitation of being a high-cost alternative because it relies on building the entire solution from scratch and the resulting configuration is difficult to upgrade to take advantage of new requirements and new channels of communication. We expect that internal development will continue to be a significant source of competition. The competitive factors in this area require that we produce solutions that integrate effectively with the customer’s existing information systems, scale to meet the needs of the customer’s enterprise, and cost less than the result of an internal development effort. We cannot assure that we will be able to compete effectively against such internal development efforts.

 

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Custom System Integration Projects

 

A second source of competition results from systems integrators engaged to build a custom development application. The introduction of a systems integrator typically increases the likelihood of success for the customer. The competitive factors in this area require that we demonstrate to the customer the cost savings and advantages of a configurable, upgradeable and commercially supported product developed by a dedicated professional software organization.

 

We frequently rely on system consulting and systems integration firms for implementation and other global services, as well as recommendations of our products during the evaluation stage of the purchase process. Many of these third parties have similar and often more established relationships with our competitors. We cannot assure that these third parties, many of whom have significantly greater resources than us, will not market software products in competition with us.

 

Application Software Competitors

 

As discussed above, our primary competition is in-house internal development. However, other competitors include providers of traditional customer relationship management, enterprise resources planning, call center and marketing automation software. Although these vendors have started to pursue the enterprise-wide opportunity of providing enterprise-wide solutions and services to all points of customer contact, we believe they are limited by their lack of multi-channel integration, real-time data models for integration of multiple data sources and lack of business process application generation and their database application architecture. Our competitors include; among others, companies such as: PeopleSoft, Inc., Pegasystems, Inc., E.phipany, Inc. and Siebel Systems, Inc.

 

These competitors have longer operating histories, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources, significantly greater name recognition and a larger installed base of customers than we do. In addition, some competitors have well-established relationships with our current and potential customers. As a result, these competitors may be able to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements, or to devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we can.

 

There is no one competitor, nor are there a small number of competitors that are dominant in our market. There are many factors that may increase competition in the enterprise customer relationship management market, including (i) entry of new competitors, (ii) alliances among existing competitors, (iii) consolidation in the software industry and (iv) technological changes or changes in the use of the Internet. Increased competition may result in price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition. We cannot assure that we will be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors or that competitive pressures faced by us will not materially and adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.

 

We believe that the principal competitive factors affecting our market include product features such as adaptability, scalability, ability to integrate with other products and technologies, functionality and ease-of-use, the timely development and introduction of new products and product enhancements, as well as product reputation, quality, performance, price, customer service and support, and the vendor’s reputation. Although we believe that our solutions currently compete well with regard to such factors, there can be no assurance that we can maintain our competitive position against current and potential competitors.

 

We believe that the principal competitive factors in our target markets include:

 

    Enterprise architecture and support of J2EE industry standards;

 

    The breadth and depth of solutions;

 

    Product quality and performance;

 

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    Relationships with systems integrators;

 

    The ability to implement solutions;

 

    Establishment of a significant base of reference customers;

 

    The ability of products to operate with multiple software applications;

 

    Customer service; and

 

    Product price.

 

Although we believe that our product competes favorably with these factors, our market is relatively new and is evolving rapidly. We may not be able to maintain our competitive position against current and potential competitors, especially those with significantly greater financial and personnel resources.

 

Intellectual Property and Propriety Rights

 

Our success is dependent upon our ability to develop and protect proprietary technology and intellectual proprietary rights. We rely primarily on a combination of contractual provisions, confidentiality procedures, trade secrets, and copyright and trademark laws to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights.

 

We license our products through non-exclusive license agreements that impose restrictions on customers’ ability to utilize the software. In addition, we seek to avoid disclosure of our trade secrets, including requiring employees, customers and others with access to our proprietary information to execute confidentiality agreements with us and restricting access to our source code. We also seek to protect our rights in our products, documentation and other written materials under trade secret and copyright laws. Due to rapid technological change, we believe factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product developments and enhancements to our existing products are more important than the various legal protections of our technology to establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position.

 

We integrate third party software into our products. Integrated technology represents under 10% of the value of our software products and has historically ranged from 4% to 7% of license revenue. The third party software may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we cannot maintain licenses to key third party software, shipments of our products could be delayed until equivalent software is developed or licensed and integrated into our products. Moreover, although we are generally indemnified against claims if technology licensed from third parties infringes the int