SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-K
x
|
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2004
Commission file number 0-21630
ACTION PERFORMANCE COMPANIES, INC.
| ARIZONA | 86-0704792 | |
| (State of Incorporation) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1480 South Hohokam Drive
Tempe, Arizona 85281
(602) 337-3700
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:
| Title of Each Class |
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
|
| Common Stock, par value $.01 per share | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes x No o
The aggregate market value of Common Stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant (16,477,322 shares) based on the closing price of the registrants Common Stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on March 31, 2004, which was the last business day of the registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $251,608,707. For purposes of this computation, all officers, directors and 10% beneficial owners of the registrant are deemed to be affiliates. Such determination should not be deemed to be an admission that such officers, directors or 10% beneficial owners are, in fact, affiliates of the registrant.
As of December 10, 2004, there were outstanding 18,468,848 shares of registrants common stock, par value $.01 per share.
Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of the registrants definitive Proxy Statement for the 2005 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report.
ACTION PERFORMANCE COMPANIES, INC.
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FISCAL YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
The statements contained in this report on Form 10-K that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding our expectations, anticipation, intentions, beliefs, or strategies regarding the future. Forward-looking statements also include statements regarding revenue, margins, expenses, and earnings analysis for fiscal 2005 and thereafter; our strategy to cultivate new and existing license agreements, improve and expand the collectable die-cast marketplace, enhance our distribution model, improve our cost structure, and enhance existing and introduce new products; and the success of particular product or marketing programs. All forward-looking statements included in this report are based on information available to us as of the filing date of this report, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from the forward-looking statements. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the factors discussed in Item 1, Business - Risk Factors.
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Introduction
We are the leading designer and marketer of licensed motorsports products related to NASCAR, including die-cast scaled replicas of motorsports vehicles, apparel, and memorabilia. NASCAR is the most prominent motorsports sanctioning body in the United States and sanctions the Nextel Cup (formerly Winston Cup) series of stock car races. We currently have exclusive license agreements with many of the most recognized names in NASCAR. We also design and sell products relating to other motorsports, including racing sanctioned by the NHRA, Formula One, the IRL, IROC, and the World of Outlaws. We distribute our products through a broad range of channels, including a network of wholesale distributors, leading mass-market retailers, mobile trackside stores, QVC, and our members-only collectors club catalog. Sales of our products related to NASCAR represented approximately 70% of our revenue during fiscal 2004, down from 80% in 2003, in part as a result of the Funline acquisition (See Recent Acquisitions).
We focus on securing long-term license agreements with top motorsports drivers and team owners. These license agreements generally provide us with an exclusive right to market certain die-cast, apparel, and other products bearing the drivers name, likeness, and image for periods typically ranging from six to ten years. Racing fans are interested in purchasing products associated with top drivers and team owners. As a result, we believe these license agreements provide us with a significant competitive advantage.
We derive approximately 40% of our revenue from sales of licensed die-cast scaled replicas of motorsports vehicles in the collectible and mass-merchant retail markets. In the United States, we market our Action Racing Collectables, AP, Revell, and Brookfield Collectors Guild collectible die-cast brands primarily through our network of wholesale distributors. We market our Winners Circle NASCAR die-cast and Funline brand stylized die-cast products to mass-merchant retailers and our RCCA brand though our collectors club, which is managed by QVC. In Germany, we market our Minichamps collectible die-cast brand primarily through a worldwide network of wholesale distributors.
We derive approximately 45% of our revenue from sales of licensed apparel, gifts, and memorabilia. These products are marketed in the United States primarily under our Chase Authentics brand, Trevco brand, and Winners Circle brand. We market our Chase Authentics brand products through wholesale distributors and our Winners Circle brand products to mass-merchant retailers.
We derive approximately 15% of our revenue from trackside sales in the United States. We market Chase Authentics brand apparel and memorabilia and Action Racing Collectables brand die-cast at mobile trackside stores. Approximately 90% of our trackside sales are derived from the sale of apparel and memorabilia.
In this report, we refer to various distinct segments of motorsports racing, including the National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing, or NASCAR; the National Hot Rod Association, or NHRA; Formula One; the Indy Racing League, or IRL; and International Race of Champions, or IROC; and the World of Outlaws.
Our fiscal year ends September 30. In this report, unless otherwise noted, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001, and 2000, refer to our fiscal years.
Our website is located at www.action-performance.com. Through our website, we make available free of charge our annual reports on Form 10-K, our proxy statements, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, our current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) under the Securities Exchange Act. These reports are available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file those materials with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We also post on our website the charters of our Audit, Compensation, and Nominating/Corporate Governance Committees; our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, and Code of Ethics for the CEO and Senior Financial Officers, and any amendments or waivers thereto; and any other corporate governance materials contemplated by SEC or NYSE regulations. The documents are also available in print to any shareholder who requests them by contacting our
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corporate secretary at the company offices.
The Motorsports Industry
Motorsports is one of the fastest growing spectator sports in the United States. Racing formats in the United States include, among others, NASCAR, NHRA, IRL, IROC, and World of Outlaws.
The most popular auto racing format in the United States is stock car racing, the racing of specially equipped standard passenger automobiles. The most prominent stock car sanctioning organization is NASCAR, which was founded and developed in the late 1940s in the southeastern United States. Today, NASCAR operates three primary racing series: The Nextel Cup (formerly Winston Cup), the Busch Grand National, and the Craftsman Truck Series, each with races throughout the United States. Of these, the Nextel Cup, which in the 2004 season consisted of 39 televised events, is the most popular in terms of attendance and television viewership. The Busch series included 34 racing events in the 2004 season, and the Craftsman Truck series included 25 events. We focus our product offerings on the Nextel Cup (formerly Winston Cup) items. Busch series and Craftsman Truck series product offerings are limited primarily to promotional items.
Sales of our products related to NASCAR represented approximately 70% of our revenue during fiscal 2004. Based on television viewership and trackside attendance, motorsports racing is one of the most attended and most watched professional sports in the world. Over the last three years, network television ratings for the Nextel Cup series have consistently ranged between 5.4 and 5.7 and cable television ratings have consistently ranged between 4.3 and 4.5. NASCAR is the second most watched regular season sport, second only to the NFL. NASCAR Nextel Cup viewership is approximately 8 million per event. Over the last three years, network television ratings for the Busch series have consistently ranged between 2.1 and 2.2 and cable television ratings have consistently ranged between 1.3 and 1.6. The NASCAR Busch Series viewership is approximately 2 million per event.
Since 2000, new speedways have been opened in the Kansas City and Chicago metropolitan areas. These new speedways are bringing NASCAR and other major motorsports events to new geographic markets with much larger population bases than many of the traditional NASCAR venues located in the southeastern United States, further expanding the awareness of NASCAR racing. In addition NASCAR has been moving events from tracks in a geographic market with a smaller population base to tracks in geographic markets with a larger population base, such as Phoenix International Raceway and Texas Motor Speedway.
In June 2003, NASCAR changed the name of its top racing series from the Winston Cup to the Nextel Cup. The change was the result of NASCAR signing Nextel as the sponsor of its top series for a 10-year period, starting with the 2004 season.
According to NASCAR research, NASCAR boasts more Fortune 500 primary and major associate sponsors than any other sport in the United States and NASCAR ranks fourth in major sports licensed product sales, reporting an estimated $2.1 billion in calendar 2003. The demographic profiles and loyal fan bases in motorsports have attracted significant corporate sponsorship to many aspects of the motorsports industry. Sponsors support racing team and venue operations, seek driver endorsements, and sponsor major media coverage of motorsports. Major corporate sponsors of motorsports include the major automobile manufacturers, consumer product companies, and nationally recognized retail organizations.
We believe that the long-term nature of the broadcast contracts will provide the incentive for networks to promote events heavily to increase ratings, further the reach of NASCAR popularity into less penetrated markets, and accelerate corporate sponsorship.
Our Competitive Strengths
We believe our leading market position is a result of the following competitive strengths:
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Ability to Attract Additional Licensors and Distribution Partners
Our position as the leading designer and marketer of NASCAR-related motorsports products enhances our appeal to new and existing licensors and distribution partners. We believe our market-leading position enables us to maintain advantageous license agreements with existing licensors and to secure new license agreements with up-and-coming drivers; to enhance our distribution channels; to secure additional shelf space in mass-retail establishments; and to conduct successful special promotional programs.
License Agreements
We have exclusive license agreements with many of the most recognized names in NASCAR, such as the Estate of Dale Earnhardt Sr., Dale Earnhardt Jr., Jeff Gordon, Dale Jarrett, Bobby Labonte, Tony Stewart, Rusty Wallace, and various other drivers and teams. These license agreements generally provide us with an exclusive right to market certain die-cast, apparel, and other products bearing the drivers name, likeness, and image for periods typically ranging from six to ten years. Racing fans generally are interested in purchasing products associated with top drivers and teams. As a result, we believe these license agreements provide us with a significant competitive advantage.
Significant Design and Development Expertise
We have significant expertise in product design and in the development of innovative marketing and special promotional programs for our drivers, teams, and large corporate sponsors. This expertise enables us to offer products with significant customer appeal, to develop innovative marketing campaigns and special promotional programs to promote the sale of our products, and to attract additional consumer interest and revenue opportunities for our licensors and the corporate sponsors of our promotional programs.
High Quality and Authenticity
Our well-recognized brands are known for high quality and authenticity, providing us with a solid base of existing customers as well as an attractive platform to launch new products. We believe that the significant time and effort we devote to the quality and authenticity of our products enhances their appeal and attractiveness to motorsports fans.
Broad Distribution
We have established a broad range of distribution channels through which our products are marketed, including a network of wholesale distributors that sell to thousands of specialty retailers; leading mass-market retailers, including Wal-Mart, Kmart, Target, and Toys R Us; mobile trackside stores; QVC; our collectors catalog club; and the goracing.com Internet site.
Highly Scalable Operating Model
Our operating model allows us to service higher levels of sales with limited increases in operating expenses and capital investment. The principal elements of this operating structure include the following:
| | NASCAR die-cast unit manufacturing costs are largely fixed due to outsourcing under fixed-price contracts. | |||
| | Royalties are paid generally as a percentage of sales, although often subject to guaranteed minimums. | |||
| | Due to our agreements with distributors and QVC, incremental volume does not proportionately increase our operating expenses. | |||
| | Research and development is limited to basic design and engineering. | |||
| | Capital expenditures are principally limited to tooling for die-cast. | |||
| | Functions, such as manufacturing and others outside of our core skills, are generally outsourced. | |||
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This model allows us to focus on our core strengths, which are the design and marketing of motorsports products and innovative programs that appeal to motorsports fans. Because we strive to structure our operations, so that many of our operating expenses are fixed, increases in sales generally will result in increased operating margins. We can limit advertising expenditures and still increase revenues given the nature of our licensed products.
Our Growth Strategy
Our objective is to grow by leveraging our competitive strengths to maximize our business opportunities resulting from the continued growth and popularity of motorsports in general, and NASCAR in particular. Key elements of our strategy include the following:
Capitalizing on Existing License Agreements and Cultivating New License Agreements
We intend to capitalize on our existing license agreements and cultivate new relationships with up-and-coming drivers and teams to assure we continue to have the leading portfolio of license agreements. We currently have license agreements with many of the leading racecar drivers, car owners, manufacturers, sanctioning bodies, racetrack operators, and corporate sponsors. These license agreements enable us to design and sell distinctive products that appeal to motorsports enthusiasts. We believe that these relationships provide us with a competitive advantage.
Improve and Expand the Collectable Die-cast Marketplace
We plan to increase the sales of our die-cast products while enhancing their value as collectibles. This strategy will involve limiting the variety and size of production runs of individual products, and better matching product supply and demand. We also plan to increase our consumer marketing activities at the retail level in order to increase customer demand, increase sales at the dealer level, speed the velocity of our products through our distribution channels, and introduce new consumers to NASCARthemed products and the attractiveness of the hobby of collecting die-cast products.
Enhance our Distribution Model
We plan to broaden the distribution reach of our Winners Circle brand, which currently is distributed through mass-merchant retailers, such as Wal-Mart, Kmart, and Target. We intend to sell more products through our existing mass-merchant retail customers and through additional mass-merchant retail customers. In addition, we intend to enlarge our distribution network in high foot traffic retail outlets, such as department stores, drug stores, grocery stores, dollar stores, club stores, and auto parts stores.
We believe that the sale of our products through a wide range of retail outlets will enhance our ability to reach casual NASCAR fans who may not visit specialty hobby stores or attend NASCAR race events. In addition, we intend to utilize our value priced Winners Circle die-cast products as a low-cost introduction to the hobby of collecting die-cast and to migrate a portion of those buyers to our premium ARC and Elite products.
We currently distribute our wholesale die-cast collectable products through a 15-member distributor group that in turn distributes these products at the retail dealer level. We plan to take steps to make our wholesale distribution channel more efficient in order to reduce overall costs, gain better visibility at the dealer level, and improve our speed to market.
Improve Cost Structure
We plan to reduce our costs. This includes consolidating redundant functions across our various subsidiaries, pooling the purchase of like goods on a company-wide basis to achieve cost advantages, and keeping tight controls on discretionary spending of all kinds.
Our goal is for selling, general, and administrative expenses to grow at a rate lower than the sales growth rate of our company.
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Continuing to Enhance Existing and Introducing New Products
We continually seek to enhance our existing products and to introduce new products that appeal to motorsports enthusiasts. During the last three years, we have launched several new products, such as die-cast replicas of raced versions of motorsports vehicles, replica die-cast engines, and a NASCAR gift line. We added the existing product lines of the acquired entities and intend to expand each of the acquired product lines by adding NASCAR-licensed product.
Recent Acquisitions
In June 2002, we acquired Trevco Trading Corp. Trevco designs and distributes primarily licensed seasonal gift products, including products under NASCAR driver and team licenses. Products are produced by a contract manufacturer in China and sold on a direct import basis, by both in-house and independent sales representatives to mass retailers, many of which were not our customers historically. We have entered into a long-term outsourcing agreement with Trevcos contract manufacturer to continue current production and to design and produce future product lines. We have enhanced the historical product line with our licenses and sell those products to mass-merchant retailers and through our domestic distributors. We believe we broadened our management depth in gift design, procurement, and marketing with this acquisition.
In July 2002, we acquired terry and golf product businesses, which operate as McArthur Towel and Sports, Inc. McArthur distributes terry and golf products primarily to specialty retailers and institutions. A portion of the acquired product line is decorated with team logos under licenses with professional teams in the National Football League, National Hockey League, National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, Professional Golf Association, and colleges and universities. We distribute the products to teams for in-stadium promotions and to specialty and mass-merchant retailers, golf pro shops, and other organizations that promote and sponsor events with licensed premiums and gifts. We are expanding the existing products by designing and producing similar specialty licensed products with our licensed NASCAR driver and team logos and images. We are also designing and distributing to the specialty retailers die-cast decorated with team logos under licenses with professional teams. We also believe the acquisition allowed us to broaden our management depth in corporate promotions.
In September 2002, we acquired a producer of premium leather jackets and other apparel, which we operate as Jeff Hamilton Collection, Inc. In connection with the acquisition, we purchased the Jeff Hamilton marks. A portion of the product line is decorated with team logos under licenses with the National Basketball Association, National Football League, and other major sports leagues. The product is marketed primarily to specialty fashion and other upstairs retail channels. In the fourth quarter of 2004, we determined the Jeff Hamilton operation should be managed as a product line of our existing apparel operations and not as a stand-alone subsidiary. In 2005, we will be integrating the related operations into our existing apparel operations. In 2005 we also intend to expand the Jeff Hamilton product line by leveraging our existing NASCAR licenses into new, high-margin apparel. At September 30, 2004, we had intangibles totaling $4.3 million related to the Jeff Hamilton marks. Our ability to recover these marks is dependent on the success of the integration and the new NASCAR line.
In September 2003, we acquired Funline Merchandise Co., Inc., a distributor of stylized non-NASCAR motorsports die-cast. Funline distributes Muscle Machines, Jesse James WEST COAST CHOPPERS, and other popular die-cast collectible vehicles. Funline distributes its products primarily to the mass-merchant retail market. Since these products are sold at lower price-points than our NASCAR die-cast product lines, we intend to use the Funline products and price points with our existing distribution channels. We are expanding the existing products by designing and distributing similar stylized die-cast vehicles with our licensed NASCAR driver and team logos and images to sell in other distribution channels. We believe we have enhanced our product line as a result of the acquisition. We also believe the acquisition allowed us to broaden our management depth in dealing with product design and trade processes in China.
Licenses
We focus on developing long-term relationships with, and we engage in comprehensive efforts to license, popular drivers, team owners, and other personalities in each top racing category, their sponsors, various sanctioning bodies, and others in the motorsports industry. Through these licensing efforts, we develop opportunities to market
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innovative products that appeal to motorsports enthusiasts. We believe that our license agreements with top racecar drivers and other licensors significantly enhance the consumer appeal and marketability of our products. By aligning our company with top racing personalities and providing them with a broad range of revenue opportunities, we believe that we will be able to leverage those relationships to attract additional licensors in order to generate increased revenue for our company as well as increased earnings for the licensors.
Significant Driver License and Endorsement Agreements; Significant Team Owner Licenses
We have long-term license agreements with former NASCAR Winston Cup Points champions Dale Earnhardt, Jeff Gordon, Dale Jarrett, Bobby Labonte, Tony Stewart, Rusty Wallace, and 13-time NHRA Funny Car champion John Force. These licenses generally provide us with a right of first refusal to market certain die-cast, apparel, and other products bearing the drivers name and likeness. The license agreements also generally provide that, to the extent that we exercise our right of first refusal, the driver will not personally market and will not permit others to market, through the same channels of distribution used by our company, any products bearing the drivers likeness that are the same or similar to products marketed by our company. Each of the license agreements requires us to pay the licensor royalties based on a percentage of the wholesale or retail price of licensed products that we sell. Certain of the license agreements also provide for minimum guaranteed royalty payments each year during the term of the agreement. Certain of these license agreements give the licensors the right to terminate or significantly shorten the term of the agreements if our business is sold or transferred or if there is a significant change in our management team.
We also have personal service and endorsement agreements with popular racecar drivers. During the term of the endorsement agreements, we have the right to use the drivers name, likeness, signature, and endorsement in connection with the advertisement, promotion, and sale of the die-cast collectibles and other products approved by the driver and marketed by our company.
We also have license agreements with several of the most popular NASCAR race car team owners, including Chip Ganassi Racing with Felix Sabates; Dale Earnhardt, Inc. and The Estate of Dale Earnhardt, Inc.; Evernham Motorsports, LLC; Hendrick-Gordon Licensing, LLC, which is the licensing entity for Hendrick Motorsports, Inc. and JG Motorsports, Inc.; Redline Sports Marketing, Inc., which is the licensing entity for the Joe Gibbs race teams; Richard Childress Racing Enterprises, Inc.; and Robert Yates Racing, Inc. The team owner licenses provide us with either the exclusive right or a right of first refusal to market certain products bearing the likeness and number of each owners NASCAR cars and other racing vehicles. To the extent that we exercise our right of first refusal, the team owner licenses provide that the licensor will not permit others to market, through the same distribution channels used by our company, any of the licensed products. Certain of the team owner licenses also provide that the licensors will not directly market any of the licensed products through such channels. Each of the license agreements with the team owners requires us to pay the licensor royalties based on a percentage of the wholesale or retail price of licensed products that we sell. Certain of the license agreements also provide for minimum guaranteed royalty payments to the licensors.
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The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the license or personal service agreements with the drivers and team owners described above:
| Licensor |
Driver |
Expiration Date |
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The Estate of Dale Earnhardt and Dale Earnhardt, Inc.
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Dale Earnhardt | November 7, 2011 | ||
Hendrick-Gordon Licensing, LLC (1)
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Jeff Gordon | December 31, 2010 | ||
| Jimmie Johnson (1) | ||||
Rusty Wallace and Rusty Wallace, Inc.
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Rusty Wallace | December 31, 2007 | ||
John Force Racing, Inc.
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John Force | December 31, 2007 | ||
Robert Yates Racing, Inc.
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Dale Jarrett | December 31, 2017 | ||
| Elliott Sadler | ||||
Richard Childress Racing Enterprises, Inc.
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Kevin Harvick | May 23, 2012 | ||
| Jeff Burton | ||||
| Dave Blaney | ||||
Redline Sports Marketing, Inc. (Joe Gibbs race teams)
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Bobby Labonte | December 31, 2006 | ||
| Tony Stewart | ||||
| Jason Leffler | ||||
Dale Earnhardt, Inc.
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Dale Earnhardt, Jr. | December 31, 2005 | ||
Evernham Motorsports, LLC
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Bill Elliott, Jr. | May 23, 2012 | ||
| Jeremy Mayfield | ||||
| Kasey Kahne | ||||
Chip Ganassi Racing with Felix Sabates
|
Sterling Marlin | December 31, 2011 | ||
| Casey Mears | ||||
| Jamie McMurray |
(1) We hold a license with JG Motorsports, Inc. through December 31, 2005, for Jeff Gordon product. The license with Hendrick-Gordon Licensing, LLC begins January 1, 2006. The license with Hendrick-Gordon Licensing, LLC provides additional rights with regard to Jimmie Johnson product and other Hendrick Motorsport drivers. Prior to January 1, 2006, we do not have an exclusive long-term license for Jimmie Johnson product.
Additional Product Licenses
We maintain other licenses with various other drivers, car owners, sponsors, and manufacturers, including other NASCAR drivers, on a non-exclusive basis, NHRA drivers and teams, Formula One teams, Ford Motor Company, several divisions of General Motors Corp., and Daimler-Chrysler. We also maintain licenses for some products with professional sports organizations, such as the National Basketball Association, National Football League, National Hockey League, Major League Baseball, and various professional sports franchises and collegiate sports teams. We maintain a license with Payupsucker, Inc., the licensing entity for Jesse James, under which we make WEST COAST CHOPPERS(TM) vehicles.
Other License Agreements
We have a license agreement with Revell-Monogram, Inc. that gives us the exclusive right to use the Revell Racing, Revell Select, and Revell Collection trademarks in connection with sales of NASCAR, NHRA, and certain other motorsports-related die-cast collectibles in the United States and Canada. The license also gives us an
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exclusive right to use the Revell trademarks described above in connection with NASCAR, NHRA, and certain motorsports-related die-cast products. The term of the Revell license runs through December 31, 2007, at which time we may automatically extend for successive one-year terms if sales exceed $12 million annually.
We have a license agreement with NASCAR that gives us the non-exclusive right to use the NASCAR name and logo on all of our NASCAR-related products and product packaging as well as on related sales, marketing, and promotional materials. We pay NASCAR royalty payments based on a percentage of the wholesale or retail price of licensed products that we sell. The license agreement had an original expiration of October 7, 2003, with respect to licensed products that bear both the NASCAR mark and the name, image, or likeness of a NASCAR driver, team, or track, automatically renewed for a five year period beginning October 7, 2003, and automatically renews for an additional five-year period beginning October 7, 2008, unless there is an event of default, as defined in the license agreement.
Our license agreement with VF Imagewear (east), Inc. (VFI), formerly VF Knitwear, gives VFI the right to use the Chase brands in a variety of retail distribution channels. In some distribution channels, VFI has the exclusive right to use certain of the Chase brands. VFI pays us royalties based on its sales of Chase-branded apparel. VFI pays us a higher royalty in those distribution channels where its rights are exclusive. The license agreement expires on December 31, 2008, subject to VFIs right to extend the agreement for two successive five-year terms.
Products
Our principal products are NASCAR-related die-cast scaled replicas of actual motorsports vehicles, apparel, and memorabilia. We added seasonal gifts, leather jackets, terry products, and stylized die-cast motorsports vehicles to our product lines through acquisitions in 2002 and 2003.
Die-cast
We design our collectible die-cast products as high-quality collectible items. We design and market replicas of motorsports-related vehicles that are constructed using die-cast bodies and chassis with free-spinning wheels and tires. The die-cast replicas that we offer in the United States relate principally to the NASCAR Nextel Cup (formerly Winston Cup) and NHRA drag racing. In Germany, we offer Formula One and high-end auto manufacturer die-cast replicas. Since our September 2003 acquisition of Funline, we also offer stylized non-NASCAR motorsports die-cast.
Our die-cast replicas are scaled replicas of actual racing vehicles, pit wagons, trucks and trailers, and vehicle transporters. We produce our die-cast replicas to a reduced scale of the actual size of the vehicle, ranging from scales of 1:9 to 1:96, with the predominant scales being 1:24 and 1:64. Many of our die-cast replicas include features, such as opening hoods and trunks, detailed engines, and working suspensions. We also devote a significant amount of time and effort to the production of our die-cast replicas to assure that the resulting products display a level of quality and detail that is superior to competing products.
We sell approximately 90% of our die-cast replicas on a wholesale basis. At retail, our die-cast replicas price ranges vary depending on size, type of vehicle, and level of detail. Our 1:24 scale product is priced at retail at prices ranging from approximately $40.00 to $120.00, with most product retailing at prices of $60.00 to $70.00. We offer our die-cast replicas primarily through our wholesale distributor network to specialty retailers, our collectors club, and direct response television through our relationship with QVC, our trackside stores, and special promotional programs.
We enhance the collectible value and appeal of our products through various measures. These measures include the following:
| | designing die-cast collectibles that include features that are not offered by our competitors; | |||
| | limiting the quantities of each collectible item that we produce and sell; | |||
| | specifying, on certain products themselves and on the packaging material of certain other die-cast collectibles, the quantity of that limited-edition item actually produced; | |||
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| | offering certain items for specified periods only through our collectors club; and | |||
| | designing packaging concepts to improve the display of each collectible item. | |||
We design and market licensed miniature die-cast replicas for the mass-merchant retail market through our Winners Circle brand of products. Our Winners Circle die-cast products range in price at retail from $5.00 to $20.00, depending on size, type of vehicle, and level of detail.
We believe that our presence in the mass-merchant retail die-cast market furthers our strategy to expand our presence in licensed die-cast racecar replica marketing channels and expands our line of licensed motorsports merchandise for mass-merchant retail customers to include both die-cast products and apparel. Prior to our acquisition of the Winners Circle brand and related die-cast inventory and tooling from Hasbro Inc. in May 2001, we licensed to Hasbro the rights to produce specific motorsports-related products for sale in the mass-merchant retail market. The mass-merchant retail market die-cast products manufactured and marketed under the Winners Circle brand are distinct from and are designed not to compete directly with our limited edition motorsports die-cast collectible products.
The Funline die-cast product line, acquired in late 2003, has been designed and marketed for the mass-merchant retail market and ranges in price at retail from $2.00-$20.00, depending on size, type of vehicle, and level of detail. The Funline product line includes hot-rod cars, monster trucks, motorcycles, military vehicles, and choppers in scales ranging primarily from 1:5 to 1:64 scales.
Apparel and Memorabilia
We design and market various licensed motorsports apparel, including tee shirts, jackets, hats, and memorabilia, such as coffee mugs, ornaments, towels, key chains, and tote bags. Each of these products generally features the name, likeness, image, and car number of a popular racecar driver or other licensed logos and images.
Our licensed motorsports apparel items utilize creative designs that are printed or applied to high-quality shirts, hats, jackets, and other products. We design and sell our motorsports apparel products in a wide range of styles and sizes. We distribute our apparel and memorabilia products to mass-merchant retailers, through mobile trackside stores, and to wholesale distributors.
We sell Winners Circle branded apparel to mass-merchant retailers. Most of our apparel that is sold in other distribution channels bears our Chase brand marks, including Chase Authentics and a stylized C, which is generally embroidered on the shirt cuff or pocket. NASCAR drivers, including Jeff Gordon, Dale Jarrett, Bobby Labonte, Terry Labonte, and Rusty Wallace, have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to assure that licensed apparel products bearing their names, likeness, or signatures will also bear Chase brand marks. These drivers have also agreed to endorse Chase-branded apparel as the exclusive trackside apparel of the top NASCAR drivers.
Sales and Distribution
We distribute our products through a broad range of channels, including a network of wholesale distributors, leading mass-market retailers, our collectors club, QVC, and mobile trackside stores. We advertise our die-cast collectibles in newspapers and magazines covering motorsports and the collectibles markets. We also take measures to increase consumer awareness of our products through radio and television advertising targeted at programs of interest to motorsports enthusiasts.
Wholesale Distribution Network
Die-cast collectibles, apparel, and memorabilia products are marketed on a wholesale basis through distributors. Virtually all of the products of our U.S. operations are distributed by 15 U.S. distributors to dealers in the United States and Canada. The products of our German operations are distributed worldwide through a network of 48 distributors operating in 45 countries throughout the world. The distributors solicit orders for our die-cast and apparel products from thousands of specialty retailers throughout the United States and thousands of specialty retailers in other countries throughout the world. The retailers include stores specializing in motorsports collectibles and apparel, stores specializing in other sports collectible items, and a limited number of hobby shops.
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Mass-Merchant Retailers
Our in-house sales force and independent representatives market our Winners Circle die-cast products on a wholesale basis to major discount and department stores, such as Wal-Mart, Kmart, Toys R Us, and Target. We also utilize our in-house sales force and independent representatives to market motorsports apparel and memorabilia products on a wholesale basis to the same discount and department stores and to automotive retail stores and convenience stores.
Collectors Club
We market certain of our die-cast collectibles, for exclusive periods, through our collectors club. Club members pay a lifetime membership fee to QVC that entitles them to receive a membership kit and monthly catalogs. The collectors club has approximately 80 thousand active members who have made a purchase in the last year.
Under a ten-year outsourcing and exclusive supply agreement, QVC assumed responsibilities for the day-to-day marketing and distribution operations of our collectors club in 2001. Under the agreement, we retain ultimate control over the decision-making processes regarding pricing, production quantities, marketing, and promotion of the products to be sold to club members.
QVC Direct Response Television and Internet
We sell our products to QVC, which markets and sells our die-cast collectible products during a weekly television program on QVC called For Race Fans Only. Viewers can order our products, which are generally products that we sell to our wholesale distributors, but have been specially produced and packaged, and are marked For Race Fans Only.
We market our die-cast, apparel, and memorabilia products through our goracing.com Internet site, which serves as an online motorsports retail store. Through a ten-year agreement, QVC has assumed the day-to-day responsibility for operating and promoting our Internet site and processing online orders.
Mobile Trackside Stores
We operate approximately 30 fully equipped trackside stores to capitalize on the large base of potential customers that attend NASCAR-sanctioned races and other events throughout the United States. Some or all of our mobile trackside stores travel to each NASCAR Nextel Cup race (39 events in 2004) as well as to other selected racing events. Each mobile trackside store is decorated with the logos and color scheme of a particular racing team and driver and sells a complete assortment of licensed motorsports die-cast collectibles, apparel, and memorabilia dedicated to that team and driver. These mobile stores represent the only authorized trackside opportunities for racing enthusiasts to purchase motorsports products using the name and likeness of the driver and racing team featured in the store.
Promotional Programs
We develop, design, and implement special promotional programs that feature themes or events intended to reinforce brand and corporate awareness for sponsors and other entities, while increasing the market for our companys products. These promotions often involve the top drivers in a variety of motorsports series. We design and market a broad variety of specially designed die-cast vehicles, apparel, and memorabilia for these programs. For example, in association with DreamWorks, we designed racecars themed around Shrek 2 that were raced in NASCAR and NHRA events during 2004.
In addition to our special promotional programs, we work with large corporate sponsors to design and create promotional programs aimed at increasing the awareness of their brands and encouraging consumers to purchase their products. We provide all levels of creative services (design, graphic layout, and advertising support) and have the capacity to produce a wide array of promotional products, such as die-cast replica racecars, tee-shirts, and hats. We also provide in-house marketing and distribution support for these promotional programs, including in-bound order processing and order fulfillment. For some programs, corporate sponsors use our products developed for their program as a free or low-cost award with the purchase of their own products, as sweepstakes offers, as employee
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gifts, or other promotions. We have successfully completed recent programs with NAPA Auto Parts and General Motors. The products that we develop and sell in conjunction with these programs generally are sold directly to the sponsors rather than through our usual distribution channels.
Design and Production
Die-cast Scaled Vehicles
We design each die-cast replica that we market. Many of our die-cast replicas include features, such as opening hoods and trunks, detailed engines, and working suspensions. We also devote a significant amount of time and effort to the production of our die-cast replicas to assure that the resulting products display a level of quality and detail that is superior to competing products. For example, we produce most of our die-cast replicas with pad printing instead of stickers or decals. Our mass-merchant retail die-cast replicas have fewer features than our die-cast replicas.
Our design artists take numerous photographs of the actual racing cars, trucks, and other vehicles to be produced as die-cast replicas. Working from these photographs, our artists and engineers use computer software to create detailed scale renderings of the vehicles. After approval of the rendering by the vehicle owner, driver, team sponsor, and other licensors whose approval may be required, we supply computerized renderings to one of our manufacturers in China. The manufacturer produces a sample or model, which we then inspect for quality and detail. After final approval, the manufacturer produces the die-cast replicas, packages them, and ships the finished products to us or, in certain instances, directly to our customers.
Virtually all of our die-cast replicas marketed in the United States are manufactured under an agreement with Early Light Industrial Co. Ltd., a manufacturer in China. We have had a relationship with Early Light since 1994. The term of the agreement currently extends through October 31, 2006 and automatically renews for five successive one-year periods unless terminated by either party by giving written notice to the other party at least 90 days prior to the end of the then-current term.
We own the tooling that Early Light uses to produce die-cast replicas for our company under the manufacturing agreement. We invested $7.5 million in 2004 for tooling used in manufacturing by Early Light. We believe the breadth and quality of the tooling program provides us with a competitive advantage in the motorsports collectible market.
We believe that Early Light is dedicated to high quality and productivity as well as support for new product development. There are significant risks, however, inherent in relying on a single manufacturer for a substantial portion of our die-cast products.
We source the die-cast collectibles marketed by our German operations from other manufacturers in China. We invested $7.0 million in 2004 for tooling used by these manufacturers. We currently do not have a formal, long-term agreement with any of these manufacturers.
We source the die-cast stylized vehicles marketed under the Funline brand from four manufacturers in China. We invested $7.2 million in 2004 for tooling used by these manufacturers. We have no formal, long-term agreements with any of these manufacturers. We are in the process of consolidating the manufacture of Funline product with Early Light.
Apparel and Memorabilia
We currently obtain substantially all of our licensed motorsports apparel and memorabilia products on a purchase order basis from approximately 200 third-party manufacturers and suppliers located primarily in the United States. The apparel and memorabilia suppliers present product ideas and artistic designs to us. We then select those products and artistic designs that we believe will appeal to motorsports enthusiasts and distinguish our apparel and memorabilia products from those of our competitors. We engage in a bidding process for certain items, such as embroidered hats or tee shirt blanks, in order to negotiate favorable prices and other terms. We also purchase and resell certain finished items, such as tote bags and coolers, from domestic and foreign companies under licenses with drivers and other licensors.
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We work closely with the third-party apparel and memorabilia manufacturers in order to assure that products conform to design specifications and meet or exceed our quality requirements. We believe that a number of alternative manufacturers for each of these products are readily available in the event that we are unable to obtain products from any particular manufacturer. We own the tooling and dies used to manufacture certain of our motorsports consumer products. As we develop new motorsports apparel and memorabilia products that require specialized tooling, we intend to build or purchase the new tooling that will be required to permit the third-party manufacturers to produce those items.
In connection with our acquisition of Trevco Trading Corporation, we entered into a manufacturing agreement with a Hong Kong company, expiring in September 2006, for the manufacture and design of licensed ornaments, figurines, and other gifts.
Competition
Our motorsports die-cast products compete with similar licensed and unlicensed product, marketed as collectibles, and, to a lesser extent, marketed as toys. Our motorsports apparel and memorabilia compete with similar products sold or licensed by drivers, team owners, sponsors, and other licensors with which we currently do not have licenses as well as with sports apparel licensors and manufacturers in general, and with unlicensed products. Other companies also may increase their participation in our markets. Our promotional products compete for advertising dollars against other specialty advertising programs and media, such as television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and billboards.
We believe that our relationships and licenses with top racecar drivers, car owners, and other popular licensors represent a significant advantage over our competitors in the motorsports collectible and consumer products industry. We strive to expand and strengthen these relationships and to develop opportunities to market innovative licensed collectible and consumer products that appeal to motorsports enthusiasts. Our ability to compete successfully depends on a number of factors both within and outside our control.
Intellectual Property
Our business depends upon valuable trademarks and other rights that we license from third parties. We regard our trademarks, trade dress, copyrights, and other intellectual properties as important to our success. Our intellectual property rights consist primarily of our trademarks, trade names, logos, and art. We have copyright protection for all original material that we produce to promote our products and services.
We have registered trademarks for certain of our Action names and logos, and our Winners Circle, Chase, Trevco, Muscle Machines, and certain goracing.com brands. We have applied for federal registration in the United States for various other Action names and logos, as well as goracing.com and other marks.
Employees
As of September 30, 2004, we had approximately 590 full-time employees. We have experienced no work stoppages, and we are not a party to a collective bargaining agreement. We believe that we maintain good relations with our employees.
Executive Officers
The following table sets forth certain information regarding each of our executive officers.
| Name |
Age |
Position Held |
||||
Fred W. Wagenhals
|
63 | Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer | ||||
David M. Riddiford
|
39 | Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, Treasurer, and Director | ||||
Melodee L. Volosin
|
40 | Chief Operating Officer, Executive Vice President, and Director | ||||
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Fred W. Wagenhals, founded our company during 1992, and has served as our Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer for more than five years.
David M. Riddiford has served as our Chief Financial Officer, Secretary, Treasurer, and Director since November 2004. Mr. Riddiford served from August 2001 until October 2004 as Senior Vice President and Treasurer of The Dial Corporation, a consumer goods company marketing a diversified line of consumer products under various brand names. The Dial Corporation was public until acquired by Henkel KgaA in March 2004. From 1998 to August 2001, Mr. Riddiford served as Vice President and Treasurer of The Dial Corporation.
Melodee L. Volosin has served as our Chief Operating Officer since August 2004, as our Executive Vice President Sales since December 1999 and as a director since January 1997. Ms. Volosin served as our Vice President Wholesale Division from September 1997 until December 1999.
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Risk Factors
The following factors, in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this report, should be carefully considered in evaluating our company and our business.
Any decrease in popularity or growth rate of motorsports, and NASCAR racing in particular, could adversely affect our business, including our net sales.
The popularity of motorsports and its appeal to consumers have a significant effect on sales of our products. Motorsports competes for television viewership, event attendance, merchandise sales, and sponsorship funding with other sports, entertainment, and recreational events. The competition for the attention of consumers in the sports, entertainment, and recreation industries is intense. Sales of licensed merchandise related to NASCAR racing accounted for approximately 70% of our revenue during 2004. We expect that products related to NASCAR racing will continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. As a result, the popularity of NASCAR sanctioned racing is critical to the success of our business. The popularity of NASCAR racing depends on many factors, including the extent and popularity of television coverage of NASCAR racing events. Any decrease in the popularity or growth rate of motorsports, and NASCAR racing in particular, could have a material adverse effect on our business, including our net sales.
If our existing license agreements are not profitable, or if we are unable to enter into profitable license agreements in the future or renew our existing profitable license agreements, our business could be adversely affected.
We market our products under license agreements with racecar drivers, team owners, sponsors, automobile and truck manufacturers, NASCAR, NHRA, and other entities. We believe these license agreements are critical to the consumer appeal and marketability of our products because most racing fans are interested in purchasing products associated with top drivers and teams. The license agreements vary in scope and duration, but generally authorize us to sell specified licensed products for designated periods of time. Some license agreements require us to pay minimum royalties or other fixed amounts regardless of the level of sales of the licensed products or the profitability of those sales.
The success of any particular license agreement depends on many factors, including the following:
| | the reasonableness of the license fees under the applicable license agreement to revenue generated by sales of the licensed products under the agreement; | |||
| | the popularity and success of the particular licensor; and | |||
| | in the case of driver licensors, the performance, public image, and health of the driver. | |||
A drivers popularity could be adversely affected if the driver fails to maintain a successful racing career or engages in behavior that the general public considers objectionable. If our existing license agreements were not profitable, our business would be adversely affected.
Our business also depends on our ability to enter into profitable license agreements with new licensors, including up-and-coming drivers, and to renew our existing profitable license agreements on advantageous terms in the future. It is difficult to predict which car drivers, team owners, and other licensors will prove to be successful licensors, particularly in the case of up-and-coming drivers. In some cases the process for obtaining the license rights from potential licensors is competitive. Our ability to renew our existing profitable license agreements depends largely on our relationship with the particular licensor, which may be affected by a number of factors outside our control. If we are unable to enter into profitable license agreements with new licensors or renew our existing profitable license agreements, particularly our licenses for Dale Earnhardt, Jr. products that expires December 31, 2005, our business could be materially adversely affected.
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If we were unable to enforce and preserve our rights under our license agreements, we would lose the competitive advantage provided by these agreements.
The ability to enforce our rights under our license agreements may be limited by the interpretation and enforcement of those agreements. Some license agreements contain provisions that allow the licensor to terminate the agreement upon the occurrence of certain events, including a change in the drivers team owner or sponsor, a change of control of our company, or designated changes in our management team. Other license agreements contain provisions that depend upon our achieving designated performance levels. For example, some of our exclusive license agreements become non-exclusive if designated sales figures are not met. The termination, cancellation, or inability to renew or enforce any of our material license agreements would have a material adverse effect on our business.
If we were unable to maintain and capitalize on our key license agreements, our business would be adversely affected.
A large portion of our revenue is generated under a relatively small number of our most successful license agreements. Products sold under licenses from our top five drivers under license accounted for approximately 50% to 60% of our sales in 2004. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to capitalize on revenue opportunities from these licenses, which involves various factors, including the following:
| | our ability to maintain our relationships with these licensors; and | |||
| | our ability to develop and market motorsports products and special promotions that appeal to our customers and that capitalize on the success of these licensors. | |||
Our failure to maintain these key licenses or to capitalize on the revenue opportunities utilizing these licenses would have a material adverse effect on our business.
Any disruptions in the business of our third-party manufacturers, particularly Early Light Industrial Co. Ltd., could adversely affect our business.
We depend on third parties to manufacture all of our motorsports die-cast replicas and most of our apparel and racing fan memorabilia. As a result, we have limited control over the manufacturing processes themselves and any significant difficulties encountered by the third-party manufacturers that result in product defects, production delays, cost overruns, or the inability to fulfill orders on a timely basis could have a material adverse effect on our business.
In particular, we rely on one manufacturer, Early Light Industrial Co. Ltd., which operates facilities in one town in China, to produce most of our die-cast products. In 2004, products manufactured by Early Light accounted for approximately 30% of our revenue (40% in 2003). Our manufacturing agreement with Early Light extends through October 31, 2006, and then automatically renews for successive one-year periods unless terminated by either party. We generally do not have long-term contracts with our other third-party manufacturers.
We own most of the tools and dies used in the manufacturing process, but we believe that it would take a period of time for us to secure other third-party manufacturers to produce our products with our tools and dies in the event our relationship with Early Light was terminated. Our operations would be adversely affected by the following:
| | the loss of our relationship with certain of our current manufacturers, particularly Early Light; | |||
| | the disruption or termination of the operations of one or more of our current key manufacturers, particularly Early Light; or | |||
| | the disruption or termination of sea or air transportation with our China-based die-cast manufacturers, even for a relatively short period of time. | |||
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Furthermore, a material portion of the tools, dies, and molds used to manufacture our die-cast products and certain of our apparel and memorabilia products are located in the facilities of our third-party manufacturers. Any significant damage to the facilities of our third-party manufacturers, particularly to Early Lights facility, could result in the loss of or damage to a material portion of our key tools, dies, and molds and the resultant production delays while new facilities are being arranged and replacement tools, dies, and molds are being produced. We do not maintain an inventory of sufficient size to provide protection for any significant period against an interruption of manufacturing resources, particularly if we are required to obtain alternative manufacturing sources. Therefore, any significant damage to the facilities of our third-party manufacturers, particularly to Early Lights facility, would have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our business could be adversely affected if we are unable to continue to design and market high-quality products that appeal to our customers.
Our success depends on our ability to continue to create and market new products, especially those related to our most popular licensors. Demand for our motorsports products depends on a wide variety of factors, including the following:
| | the popularity of motorsports, particularly NASCAR racing; | |||
| | the popularity of the drivers, teams, and others with which we have licenses; | |||
| | the success of our special promotional programs; | |||
| | marketing and advertising expenditures devoted to motorsports; | |||
| | cultural and demographic trends; and | |||
| | general economic conditions. | |||
Because these factors can change rapidly, customer demand also can shift quickly. We frequently are able to market new products successfully for only a limited time.
Our ability to increase our sales and marketing efforts to stimulate customer demand and our ability to monitor third-party manufacturing arrangements to maintain satisfactory delivery schedules and product quality are important factors in our long-term prospects. Because of the amount of time and financial resources that may be required to bring new products to market, we may not always be able to forecast accurately required production quantities or to respond to changes in customer tastes and demands. We could experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results if we are unable to respond quickly to market changes or a slowdown in demand for our products.
The demand for certain of our die-cast products depends, in part, on their collectible value and appeal. We cannot assure that these products will achieve or maintain long-term collectible appeal or value.
We face a variety of risks associated with the acquisition and integration of new business operations.
We plan to consider opportunities to acquire other businesses. Our growth may be slower than anticipated if we are unable to identify suitable acquisition candidates and make acquisitions on commercially acceptable terms.
The integration of the management, personnel, operations, products, services, technologies, and facilities of any businesses that we acquire in the future could involve unforeseen difficulties. These difficulties could disrupt our ongoing business, distract our management and employees, and increase our expenses.
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Unforeseen liabilities and difficulties can arise in connection with the operation of acquired businesses. Contractual or other remedies may not be sufficient to compensate us in the event unforeseen liabilities or other difficulties arise. We may not be able to achieve revenue increases, integrate facilities, functions, and personnel in order to achieve operating efficiencies; or otherwise realize anticipated strategic advantages or cost savings as a result of acquisitions. The inability to achieve revenue increases or cost savings could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results.
We face risks associated with our exclusive relationship with QVC and the outsourcing of the operations of our collectors club.
We have outsourced the day-to-day operations and distribution of our collectors club products to QVC since 2001 under a ten-year exclusive agreement, although we remain responsible for acquisition of licenses, product selection, development, and manufacturing. We face risks associated with our agreement with QVC, including the following:
| | the ability of QVC to operate the collectors club in a successful manner; | |||
| | potential damage to our reputation as a result of reduced levels of customer service; and | |||
| | reduced sales generated from collectors club products. | |||
Any disruption in the operations and distribution of collectors club products by QVC could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Our business could be adversely affected by the loss of key members of our senior management, particularly Fred W. Wagenhals.
Our future success depends substantially upon the efforts and abilities of Fred W. Wagenhals, our Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer. In particular, Mr. Wagenhals relationships with our licensors and third-party manufacturers are important to the success of our business. Some of our license agreements provide the licensor with the option to terminate or materially modify the terms of the agreement in the event that Mr. Wagenhals no longer serves our company in certain designated capacities. The loss of services of Mr. Wagenhals would have a material adverse effect on our company. We maintain key person insurance on the life of Mr. Wagenhals in the amount of $3.0 million.
We depend on a limited number of mass-merchant retailers to purchase a significant portion of our products.
Sales to our largest customer, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., were approximately 17.4% of revenue in 2004. Accounts receivable from Wal-Mart at September 30, 2004, totaled $14.1 million. Sales to our second largest customer were approximately 3.5% of revenue in 2004. If a significant customer discontinues selling our products, performs poorly, does not pay for purchased products, reorganizes, or liquidates and is unable to continue selling our products, our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows could be adversely affected. Our failure or inability to replace a customer could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We depend on a limited number of wholesale distributors to sell a significant portion of our products.
We currently market our products on a wholesale basis through 15 distributors operating in the United States. Sales to our 15 wholesale distributors were approximately 15.5% of revenue in 2004. Accounts receivable from our 15 wholesale distributors at September 30, 2004, totaled $9.5 million, net of allowance. We depend on these distributors to sell our products to thousands of specialty retailers throughout the United States. If a significant distributor discontinues selling our products, performs poorly, does not pay for purchased products, reorganizes, or liquidates and is unable to continue selling our products, our business, financial condition, operating results, and cash flows could be adversely affected. Our failure or inability to replace poorly performing distributors could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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We may experience seasonal fluctuations in sales that could affect our earnings and the trading price of our common stock.
We may experience seasonality in our business, which could result in unfavorable quarterly earnings comparisons and affect the trading price of our common stock. Because the auto-racing season is concentrated between the months of February and November, the second and third calendar quarters of each calendar year (our third and fourth fiscal quarters) generally are characterized by higher sales of motorsports products. In addition, variances in our quarter-to-quarter operating results may result from various factors, including the following:
| | the timing and extent of body changes to racecars; | |||
| | the timing and extent of driver, sponsor and team changes; | |||
| | the timing of and ability to complete special promotional programs, which typically result in significant levels of revenue and expense and involve difficult coordination and scheduling issues with multiple parties; | |||
| | the timing of major races, which generally generate significant levels of revenue and income; and | |||
| | the timing of Chinese New Year, which affects our ability to work with Early Light to bring our products to market in time for the beginning of the racing season. | |||
As a result of these and other factors, we may experience seasonality and quarterly fluctuations in our business, which could result in unfavorable quarterly earnings comparisons and affect the trading price of our common stock. Fluctuations in quarterly sales may require us to take temporary measures, including changes in personnel levels and production and marketing activities. These factors and any seasonal and cyclical patterns that emerge in consumer purchasing could result in unfavorable quarterly earnings comparisons. Any shortfall in revenue or fluctuations in operating results may have an adverse effect on our business and stock price. You should not rely on quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results as an indication of future performance.
Our competitive position depends on a number of factors, and we may encounter competition from companies that are able to devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns than we do.
Our competitive position depends on a number of factors, both within and outside our control, including the following:
| | our relationships with and the popularity of race car drivers, teams, and other licensors of the products we sell; | |||
| | our ability to develop and maintain effective marketing programs that enable us to sell products to motorsports fans; | |||
| | the success of our distribution channels; and | |||
| | our ability to recognize industry trends, anticipate shifts in consumer demands, and identify and market new products. | |||
Other companies may increase their participation in the motorsports markets. Certain current and potential competitors may be able to devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing or inventory availability policies, and devote substantially more resources to their business than we do.
Our motorsports die-cast collectibles and mass-merchant retail die-cast replicas compete with die-cast and other motorsports collectibles and die-cast replicas of motorsports vehicles that are sold through mass-merchant retail channels. Our motorsports apparel and memorabilia compete with similar products sold or licensed by drivers,
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owners, sponsors, and other licensors with which we currently do not have licenses as well as with sports apparel licensors and manufacturers in general. Our promotional programs must compete for advertising dollars against other specialty advertising programs and media, such as television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and billboards.
We face risks associated with our international operations.
We obtain our die-cast products from overseas manufacturers, particularly Early Light, the primary China-based third-party manufacturer of our die-cast products. Because of the manufacturing of these products overseas, we face risks in addition to the risks generally involved in utilizing third-party manufacturers. We also maintain business operations in Germany, and we market motorsports products throughout the world. Our reliance on third-party manufacturers to provide personnel and facilities in China; our maintenance of personnel, equipment, and inventories abroad; and our plans to expand our product sales in international markets expose us to certain economic and political risks and operating challenges. These risks and challenges include the following:
| | coordination of multi-national operations; | |||
| | compliance with local laws and regulatory requirements, as well as changes in such laws and requirements; | |||
| | difficulties in supervising foreign operations; | |||
| | the requirement to provide an international letter of credit in an amount equal to the purchase order for purchases of die-cast products from China-based manufacturers; | |||
| | overlap of tax issues; | |||
| | political and economic conditions abroad; and | |||
| | the possibility of expropriation or nationalization of assets. | |||
To the extent we are unable to adequately address these risks and challenges, some of which are beyond our control, our business may be adversely affected.
Because we import our die-cast products, our business is subject to potential adverse trade regulations and restrictions.
Protectionist trade legislation in either the United States or China, such as a change in the current tariff structures, export compliance laws, or other trade policies, could adversely affect our ability to obtain our products from our third-party manufacturers or the price at which we can obtain those products. Any developments that adversely affect trade relations between the United States and China in the future could impact our ability to obtain die-cast products from our third-party manufacturers.
Substantially all of our products are subject to U.S. Customs Service duties and regulations. These regulations include requirements that we disclose information regarding the country of origin on our products, such as Made in China. Within its discretion, the U.S. Customs Service may also establish new regulations, including regulations regarding the amount of duty to be paid and the value of merchandise to be reported. Our costs could increase if the Generalized System of Preferences program is not renewed or extended each year. The Generalized System of Preferences allows selected products of beneficiary countries to enter the United States duty free. In addition, we could be adversely affected if countries that are currently accorded Most Favored Nation status by the United States, such as China, cease to have such status. We cannot predict what regulatory changes may occur or the type or amount of any financial impact these changes may have on us in the future. Failure to comply with these regulations may result in the imposition of additional duties or penalties or forfeiture of merchandise.
In addition, China may impose new quotas, duties, tariffs, or other changes or restrictions. This could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and ability to continue to import products at current or increased levels.
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We have exposure to Chinese and European currency rate fluctuations.
Our die-cast manufacturers invoice us in U.S. dollars. These manufacturers may be subject to the effects of exchange rate fluctuations should the Chinese currency not be stable with the U.S. dollar. The value of the Chinese currency depends to a large extent on the Chinese government policies and Chinas domestic and international economic and political developments. Since 1994, the official exchange rate for the conversion of the Chinese currency to U.S. dollars has generally been stable. However, we can offer no assurance that this currency will continue to remain stable against the U.S. dollar. The cost of our products could ultimately be affected by changes in the value of Chinese currency.
Substantially all of our sales are denominated in either U.S. dollars or euros, with less than 10% being denominated in euros. As a result, international customers for our products primarily bear any risks associated with exchange rate fluctuations subsequent to the date of the purchase order. We may, however, experience losses as a result of exchange rate fluctuations between the dollar and the euro. We have sought to partially manage such exposure by entering into forward exchange contracts or engaging in similar hedging strategies and may do so in the future. Any currency exchange strategy may be unsuccessful in avoiding exchange-related losses, and the failure to manage currency risks effectively may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and operating results. In addition, revenue earned in foreign countries may be subject to taxation by more than one jurisdiction, which would adversely affect our earnings.
Any material increase in the cost of the raw materials used to manufacture our products could have a material adverse effect on our cost of sales.
We do not directly purchase the raw materials used to manufacture most of our products. We may, however, be subject to variations in the prices we pay our third-party manufacturers for products if their raw materials, labor, or other costs increase. We may not be able to pass along cost increases to our customers. As a result, any material increase in the cost of raw materials, labor, or other costs associated with the manufacturing of our products could have a material adverse effect on our cost of sales.
Our ability to recover the value of our goodwill and other intangibles is dependent on the success of our strategies.
We evaluate goodwill and other intangibles for impairment annually, and when impairment indicators arise, in accordance with SFAS 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. For goodwill, we first compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds the fair value of a reporting unit, additional tests would be used to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. We use a present value technique to measure reporting unit fair value. If the carrying amount of any other intangible asset exceeds its fair value, we would recognize an impairment loss for the difference between fair value and the carrying amount. We have not recognized any impairment losses to date. If events occur and circumstances change, causing the fair value of a reporting unit to fall below its carrying amount, impairment losses may be recognized in the future.
Specifically, in the fourth quarter of 2004, we determined the Jeff Hamilton products should be managed as a product line of our existing apparel operations and not as a stand-alone subsidiary. In 2005, we will be integrating the related operations into our existing apparel operations. In 2005 we also intend to expand the Jeff Hamilton product line by leveraging our existing NASCAR licenses into new, high-margin apparel. At September 30, 2004, we had intangibles totaling $4.3 million related to the Jeff Hamilton marks. Our ability to recover these marks is dependent on the success of the integration and the new NASCAR line.
We have limited protection of our intellectual property, and others could infringe on or misappropriate our rights.
We regard our trademarks, trade dress, copyrights, and other intellectual properties as important to our success. Our failure to protect our intellectual property could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial position. Our intellectual property rights consist primarily of our trademarks, trade names, logos, and art. We have
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