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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
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(Mark One)
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þ
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 |
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or |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the transition period
from to |
Commission File No. 0-22701
Gevity HR, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Florida |
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65-0735612 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
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600 301 Blvd West
Bradenton, FL |
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34205 |
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(Address of principal executive offices)
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(Zip Code) |
(Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code):
(941) 741-4300
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
None
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act:
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers
pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of
registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated
filer (as defined in Exchange Act
Rule 12b-2). Yes þ No o
The aggregate market value of the registrants voting stock
held by non-affiliates (based upon the June 30, 2004,
$26.19 closing sale price for the registrants common
stock, $.01 par value per share, on the Nasdaq National
Market) was approximately $662.4 million.
The number of shares of the registrants common stock,
outstanding as of February 28, 2005 was 27,461,975.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
PART III Portions of the registrants
definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2005 Annual Meeting
of shareholders expected to be held May 12, 2005, are
incorporated herein by reference in Part III.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
PART I
General
Gevity HR, Inc. (the Company) is a leading
provider of a comprehensive, fully integrated employee
management solution to small- and medium-sized businesses. The
Companys solution allows it to effectively become the
insourced human resource department for its clients. Gevity
creates value for its clients by helping them achieve workforce
alignment, obtain administrative relief and access business
protection services.
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Workforce alignment is the term used by the Company to refer to
the engagement of the right people in the right place at the
right time doing the right things. The Company assists its
clients in achieving workforce alignment by helping them find
exceptional talent, implement formal HR processes and
professional management standards, and utilize employee
motivation and retention practices. |
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Administrative relief is obtained by clients through the
Companys management of employee administrative matters,
such as processing of payroll, taxes and insurance premiums and
by the Companys comprehensive record keeping and
technology. |
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Business protection is provided to clients by the Company
helping to ensure employment-related regulatory compliance and
sound risk management practices, encompassing up-to-date
regulatory compliance and cost- effective risk management
practices and insurance programs. |
In the delivery of its solution to its clients, the Company
provides employee recruitment and development assistance,
payroll and benefits administration, access to workers
compensation insurance, health, welfare and retirement plans and
employment-related regulatory guidance. The Companys
solution is delivered through a combination of dedicated HR
professionals, a shared processing center and a Web portal.
Gevitys employee management solution is designed to
positively impact its clients business results by:
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increasing clients productivity by improving employee
satisfaction and generating greater employee retention; |
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allowing clients and their employees to focus on revenue
producing activities rather than human resource matters; and |
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reducing clients exposure to consequences of
non-compliance with human resource related regulatory and tax
matters. |
The Company serves a growing and diverse client base of small-
and medium-sized businesses in a wide variety of industries. The
Companys clients have employees located in all
50 states and the District of Columbia. These clients and
their employees are served by a network of offices in Alabama,
Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Maryland,
Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina,
Tennessee and Texas. In addition, the Company has internal
employees located on site at certain client facilities. As of
December 31, 2004, the Company served approximately
8,500 clients, as measured by individual client Federal
Employer Identification Numbers (FEIN), with
approximately 130,000 active client employees. For the year
ended December 31, 2004, the Companys top
25 clients represented approximately 5% of its client
billings, with no single client representing more than 1.1% of
its client billings.
The Companys operations are conducted through a number of
wholly-owned limited partnerships and wholly-owned limited
liability companies. The terms Company or
Gevity as used in this report includes
Gevity HR, Inc. and such partnerships and limited liability
companies.
The Company was incorporated in Florida in 1997 and consummated
its initial public offering in 1997 after acquiring all of the
interest in a limited partnership originally organized in 1993
to acquire the assets of the Companys predecessor
professional employer organization business. In May 2002, the
Companys shareholders voted to change the Companys
name from Staff Leasing, Inc. to
Gevity HR, Inc.
2
Until 2002, the Companys business was primarily focused on
providing cost effective insurance offerings and payroll
processing services for its clients. During the past two years,
the Company has shifted its business model to focus on providing
its clients with a comprehensive, full service human resource
management solution. The Company believes that this important
shift in focus allows the Company to better serve its client
base and to grow its business.
In October of 2004, the Company announced that in addition to
the services offered by Gevity on a co-employment
platform, which facilitates co-insurance under the
Companys plans, clients can now also opt for a custom
model. This new option adds the significant flexibility for the
client to retain benefits and insurance programs of the
clients choice and experience the full value of the
Companys end-to-end, single point solution. The Company
introduced this concept on a pilot basis in its Baltimore,
Maryland office that opened in 2004. Broader market introduction
is expected in the second quarter of 2005.
Human Resource Outsourcing Industry
The human resource outsourcing industry is large and growing
rapidly. Some of the key factors driving growth of the industry
include businesses desire to outsource non-core business
functions, reduce regulatory compliance risk, rationalize the
number of service providers that they use and reduce costs by
integrating human resource systems and processes. The Company
believes that smaller businesses, i.e. those with between one
and 500 employees, represent a large part of this market.
According to Dun & Bradstreet, Inc., there are over
10 million businesses of this size in the United States.
The Company believes that this segment of the human resource
outsourcing market is particularly attractive because:
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This segment is large and has a low penetration rate of
outsourced comprehensive human resources services. |
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Small- and medium-sized businesses typically have fewer
in -house resources than larger businesses and, as a
result, are generally more dependent on their outsourced service
providers. |
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The quality of service, ease of use, and responsiveness to
clients needs are the primary considerations of businesses
of this size in selecting a service provider. |
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Businesses of this size generally do not require customized
solutions, enabling service providers to obtain significant
scale advantages if they operate on an integrated technology
platform. |
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This segment is characterized by a relatively short sales cycle
and lower client acquisition costs. |
Professional Services Provided by the Company
The Company provides a broad range of tools and services to its
clients. These tools and services are primarily offered to the
Companys clients on a bundled or all-inclusive
basis. In addition to the Companys core services, clients
may elect to offer to their employees health and welfare and
retirement programs. The Company provides these tools and
services to its clients through the following core activities:
Workforce Alignment Engage the
right people in the right place at the right time doing the
right things
Find Exceptional Talent
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New hire forms kit |
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Interview process and procedures |
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Candidate background screening |
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Candidate drug testing |
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Essentials management training interviewing |
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Formal Human Resource Processes and Professional Management
Standards
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Employee handbook |
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Human resource forms library |
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Performance management process |
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Progressive counseling procedures |
Employee Motivation and Retention Practices
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Benefit and insurance plan options |
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Retirement plan options |
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Employee relations consultations |
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Employee reward and recognition program |
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Employee assistance program |
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Essentials management training managing and engaging
employees |
Administrative Relief Manage
employee administration
Processing of Payroll, Taxes and Premiums
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Administrative processing: |
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Payroll processing |
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Paid time off processing |
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Tax processing and payment |
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W-2 preparation and delivery |
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Health and welfare plan processing |
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Unemployment claims support |
Comprehensive Record Keeping and Technology
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Gevity
Centralsm
self-service portal and Internet tools |
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Web access to Human Resource Management System including account
information, employee data and reports |
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Web access for employees to personal information and paycheck
history |
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Searchable database for human resource fast answers, law
summaries, model documents, news and trends, and company policies |
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Job description creation tool |
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Salary survey tool |
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Performance appraisal tool |
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Employee assessment tools |
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Virtual intranet capability to post human resource
documents, company-specific information and related links |
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Payroll and human resource -related reports |
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Business Protection Help ensure
employment-related regulatory compliance and sound risk
management practices
Up-to-Date Regulatory Compliance
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Policy and procedure audit |
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Separation counseling procedures |
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Harassment prevention program and training |
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Labor law posters |
Cost-Effective Risk Management Practices and Insurance
Programs
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Workers compensation insurance options |
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Risk assessment |
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Employment Practices Liability Insurance (EPLI) options |
Gevity Institute
There is a large body of study describing the positive impact of
human resource practices on key financial outcomes such as
productivity, revenue growth and profitability. However, most of
the data concentrates on large employers. There is little
information available regarding this important topic that
focuses on small- and medium-sized employers.
As a result, the Company established the Gevity Institute to
identify and quantify the relationship between human resource
practices and the performance of smaller businesses. The
Institutes goal is to become a unique and recognized
authority on how professional human resource management impacts
small- to medium-sized business success, and to help the
Companys clients improve their business results by
applying this expertise in their firms.
The Gevity Institute is currently working in collaboration with
Cornell University on a study that examines the financial impact
of small employer human resource practices. The studys
first phase concluded that employees and employee management are
widely recognized as key elements in the success of small firms.
However, 90% of the small business owners surveyed said they did
not know which employee management practices could help them
achieve the best results for their business.
Following up on these findings, the second phase of the study
focused more specifically on the relationship between employee
management practices and a small business performance. The
study yielded answers regarding the type of people management
practices that work best to achieve optimal employee
contributions in building a small business success.
Confirming the link between employee performance and a small
business success, the study showed that workforce
alignment, or having the right people in the right place at
the right time doing the right things, helped the business
succeed and was a clear characteristic of the most successful
businesses surveyed. In effect, the investment made by these
businesses in achieving an aligned workforce was perhaps as
crucial as any other investment they made to grow their
businesses.
The next phase of this study examines the relationship between
the use of people management practices and key employee
attitudes and behaviors such as discretionary effort and
productivity. Finally, the study will attempt to quantify the
financial impact of employee management practices on key
business measures including revenue and profit growth.
In an effort to further examine the impact of employee
management practices, the Gevity Institute is also working with
the International Association of Business Communicators (IABC)
to study the business impact of effective employee communication
practices in small- to medium-sized businesses.
5
Clients
As of December 31, 2004, the Company served approximately
8,500 clients, as measured by individual client FEIN, with
approximately 130,000 active client employees. In addition,
the Company had clients classified in over 500 Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) codes. The following
table shows the Companys client distribution by major SIC
code industry grouping for the years indicated, ranked as a
percentage of gross billings to clients:
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Year Ended December 31, | |
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Services(1)
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38.5 |
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37.7 |
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34.8 |
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Finance/Insurance/Real Estate
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14.7 |
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11.6 |
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7.8 |
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Manufacturing
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12.6 |
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12.6 |
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12.9 |
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Construction(2)
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11.0 |
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14.6 |
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17.5 |
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Retail Trade
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8.9 |
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10.3 |
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Wholesale Trade
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7.5 |
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7.1 |
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6.8 |
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Restaurants
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2.9 |
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4.5 |
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Transportation
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2.0 |
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2.0 |
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Agriculture
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1.8 |
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2.4 |
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3.0 |
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Other
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0.9 |
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0.3 |
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Total
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100.0 |
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100.0 |
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100.0 |
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The Services category consists principally of clients in the
following industries: health services, business services,
personal services (e.g., laundry and dry cleaning, beauty and
barber shops), hotel and lodging services, computer services,
legal services, building maintenance, social services and
miscellaneous repair services. |
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The Construction category consists principally of general
contracting and other trade work, such as heating, ventilation,
air-conditioning, plumbing, electrical and flooring. This
category does not include workers engaged in roofing or other
high-elevation exposure risk activities. |
As part of its current client selection strategy, the Company
offers its services to businesses within specified industry
codes. All prospective clients are evaluated individually on the
basis of total predicted profitability. This analysis takes into
account workers compensation risk and claims history,
unemployment claims history, payroll adequacy, and credit status.
With respect to potential clients operating in certain
industries believed by the Company to present a level of risk
exceeding industry norms, more rigorous approval requirements
must be met before the Company agrees to provide services to the
potential client. This process may include an on-site inspection
and review of workers compensation and unemployment claims
experience for the last three years.
The Company considers industries to be high risk if there is a
likelihood of a high frequency of on-the-job accidents involving
client employees or a likelihood that such accidents will be
severe. In addition, under the terms of the Companys
workers compensation agreement, prospective clients
operating in certain industries or with historically high
workers compensation insurance claims experience must also
be approved by the Companys insurance carrier before the
Company enters into a contract to provide services.
The Company maintains a client review program that includes a
detailed profitability and risk analysis of all of its clients.
Based on the results of these analyses, the Company may modify
its pricing or, if necessary, terminate certain clients that the
Company believes would otherwise be detrimental or not
contribute to its long-term profitability.
The Companys client retention rate for 2004 was
approximately 77%. This rate is computed by dividing the number
of clients at the end of the period by the sum of the number of
clients at the beginning of the period plus the number of
clients added during the period. The client retention rate is
affected by a number of
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factors, including the natural instability of the smaller
business market and the number of clients that were terminated
by the Company for reasons that include unacceptable risk and
low profitability to the Company.
In order to use the Companys professional services, all
clients are required to enter into a professional services
agreement, which generally provides for an initial one-year
term, subject to termination by the Company or the client at any
time upon 30 days prior written notice or less. Following
the initial term, the contract may be renewed, terminated or
continued on a month-to-month basis. Under the co-employment
business service model, which covered substantially all of the
Companys clients in 2004, the Company and the client each
become a co-employer of the clients employees, and
the Company operates as a licensed professional employer
organization. Clients are also offered the option to use the
Companys services without the Company becoming a
co-employer of the clients employees, in which case tax
filings are made under the clients FEIN and the client
provides its own workers compensation insurance and health
and welfare plans.
The Company retains the ability to immediately terminate the
client (and co-employment relationship, if applicable) upon
non-payment by a client. The Company manages its credit risk
through the periodic nature of payroll, client credit checks,
owner guarantees, the Companys client selection process
and its right to terminate the professional services agreement
and the co-employment relationship with the client employees, if
applicable.
Under the professional services agreement applicable to the
co-employment model, employment-related liabilities are
contractually allocated between the Company and the client. For
instance, the Company assumes responsibility for, and manages
the risks associated with, each clients employee payroll
obligations, including the liability for payment of salaries and
wages (including payroll taxes) to each client employee and, at
the clients option, responsibility for providing group
health, welfare, and retirement benefits to such individuals.
These Company obligations are fixed, whether or not the client
makes timely payment of the associated service fee. In this
regard, it is important to understand that, unlike payroll
processing service providers, the Company issues to each of the
client employees Company payroll checks drawn on the
Companys bank accounts. The Company also reports and
remits all required employment information and taxes to the
Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and issues a federal
Form W-2 to each client employee under the appropriate
Company FEIN.
Under the co-employment model, the Company assumes the
responsibility for compliance with employment-related
governmental regulations that can be effectively managed away
from the clients worksite. The Company provides
workers compensation insurance coverage to each client
employee under the Companys master insurance policy. The
client, on the other hand, contractually retains the general
day-to-day responsibility to direct, control, hire, terminate,
set the wages and salary of, and manage each of the
clients employees. The client employee services are
performed for the exclusive benefit of the clients
business. The client also remains responsible for compliance
with those employment-related governmental regulations that are
more closely related to the day-to-day management of client
employees.
In some cases, employment-related liabilities are shared between
the Company and the client. The following table summarizes the
general division of responsibilities for employment-related
regulatory compliance under the professional services agreement
applicable to the co-employment model:
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Client |
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All rules and regulations governing the reporting,
collection and payment of federal and state payroll taxes on
wages, including: (i) federal income tax withholding
provisions of the Internal Revenue Code; (ii) state and/or
local income tax withholding provisions; (iii) Federal
Income Contributions Act (FICA); (iv) Federal Unemployment
Tax Act (FUTA); and (v) applicable state unemployment tax
provisions, |
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Worksite and employee safety under the Occupational
Safety and Health Act (OSHA) and related or similar federal,
state or local regulations
Government contracting requirements as regulated by,
including, but not limited to: (i) Executive Order 11246;
(ii) Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973;
(iii) Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance
Act of 1974; (iv) Walsh-Healy Public Contracts Act;
(v) Davis-Bacon Act; (vi) the |
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Client |
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including managing claims
Applicable workers compensation laws that
cover:(i) procuring workers compensation insurance;
(ii) completing and filing all required reports; and
(iii) claims processing
COBRA (Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation
Act of 1986) continuation coverage for employees covered under
health plans sponsored by Gevity
Laws governing the garnishment of wages, including
Title III of the Consumer Credit Protection Act
All rules and regulations governing administration,
procurement and payment of all Company sponsored employee
benefit plans elected by the client or client employee
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and the Family and
Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA)*
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Service Contract Act of 1965; and (vii) any and all related
or similar federal, state or local laws, regulations, ordinances
and statutes
Professional licensing and liability
Internal Revenue Code Sections 414(m), (n) and
(o) relating to client maintained benefit plans
Laws affecting the assignment and ownership of
intellectual property rights
Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act
(WARN)
Laws affecting the maintenance, storage and disposal
of hazardous materials
Title VII (Civil Rights Act of 1964, as
amended), Immigration Reform and Control Act, the Americans with
Disabilities Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act,
Older Workers Benefit Protection Act
All other federal, state, county or local laws,
regulations, ordinances and statutes which regulate
employees wage and hour matters, prohibit discrimination
in the workplace or govern the employer/employee relationship
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) and the Family
and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA)* |
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The Company and the client are each responsible for certain
provisions under the terms of each act. |
Under the co-employment model, the Company charges its clients a
professional service fee that is designed to yield a profit and
to cover the cost of certain employment-related taxes,
workers compensation insurance coverage and human resource
services provided to the client. The component of the
professional service fee related to human resource management
varies according to the size of the client, the amount and
frequency of the payroll payments and the method of delivery of
such payments. If the client elects to obtain the Companys
services directly, without the co-employment model, the Company
charges a professional service fee that is designed to cover the
cost of its delivery of services and still yield a profit to the
Company.
Under the co-employment model, the component of the service fee
related to workers compensation and unemployment insurance
is based, in part, on the clients historical claims
experience. In addition, the client may choose to offer certain
health, welfare and retirement benefits to its client employees.
The Company invoices each client for the service fee and costs
of selected benefit plans, as well as the wages and other
employment-related taxes of each client employee. The gross
billings are invoiced at the time that each periodic payroll is
delivered to the client.
Service Delivery and Information Technology
The Company delivers its services through a combination of human
resource consultants located in the field offices, at the
Companys headquarters and in certain cases on-site at the
client location, as well as through Gevity Central, a
self-service portal, which provides real-time, 24x7 access to a
broad range of human
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resource tools and services through the Internet. In order to
provide proactive client relationship management, each of the
Companys clients is assigned a single human resource
consultant to serve as the client relationship manager. This
allows the client to interface with the Company through a single
point person.
As of December 31, 2004, the Company had approximately 190
human resource consultants with significant experience in the
human resource industry. Many of the Companys human
resource consultants hold industry recognized certifications
from organizations such as the Society of Human Resource
Management.
As of December 31, 2004, the Company had invested
approximately $45 million and is continuing to invest
capital resources in the development and enhancement of its
information and technology infrastructure. This investment is
intended to better serve the Companys client base, achieve
a high level of client satisfaction and allow the Company to
improve efficiencies in its operations.
The Company processes payroll for all of its client employees
using Oracles Human Resource Management System
(HRMS) and Payroll processing application. The
Oracle system enables the Company to effectively manage its
existing operations and maintain appropriate controls. The
Oracle HRMS and Payroll systems provide the Company with the
capability to promptly and accurately deliver human resource
services and generate comprehensive management reports. The
Companys information systems manage all data relating to
client employee enrollment, payroll processing, benefits
administration, management information and other requirements of
the clients operations. The current systems have
high-volume processing capabilities that allow the Company to
produce and deliver payrolls to its clients, each customized to
the needs of such clients.
The Company continues its development and deployment of
Gevity Central, which allows clients to input their
payroll data directly into the Companys payroll
applications via the Internet. Clients can regularly add or
delete employees, view reports, and change payroll information.
Gevity Central is fully integrated with the
Companys HRMS and Payroll applications, Customer
Relationship Management solution and financial reporting
package, as well as the Companys comprehensive line of
online tools and services. This full integration results in
improved client satisfaction, as well as improved efficiencies
and operating margins for the Company. Oracles portal
software provides the foundation, enabling a robust, client
configurable portal, and the Companys custom-developed
software provides additional ease of use and service
capabilities.
At the end of 2004, approximately 77% of the client employee
base interacted with the Company via Gevity Central. Use
of this technology is expected to increase in 2005 as
approximately 93% of clients are registered to use Gevity
Central.
The combination of the Oracle systems for access and
functionality and Gevity Central online capabilities
provides a unique solution capable of growing and adapting to
the evolving needs of the Companys clients.
The Companys information technology staff consisted of 75
colleagues at December 31, 2004. The Company believes the
development of its information technology is an integral part of
achieving its growth objectives and intends to continue to
invest in its technology infrastructure.
Sales and Marketing
The Company markets its services through a direct sales force
which, as of December 31, 2004, consisted of 166 business
development managers. In order to exercise more control over the
client selection process, the Company uses a direct sales force
rather than selling through agents. The Company does not expect
to increase its sales force during 2005.
The Companys sales force is distributed throughout its 41
branch offices. The Company plans to expand its national
coverage and add sales offices in selected major metropolitan
areas over the next few years. The Companys business
development managers are compensated through a combination of
salary and commission that has, for top producers, generated
annual earnings in excess of $200,000.
As the Companys focus has shifted to selling human
resource tools and services to slightly larger target clients,
rather than selling low cost insurance offerings, an associated
change has been required in the profile of
9
the sales force. As a result, the Company has revised the
profile of its targeted sales candidates and has also
restructured its hiring practices.
The new sales candidate profile typically includes attributes
such as: strong analytical skills; knowledge of technology;
experience working with small business owners; good business
acumen; proven high performance and strong prospecting sales
skills. Generally the candidate will also have prior employment
experience in the field of outsourcing, human resource
consulting, benefits consulting or human resource information
systems.
As a result of the Companys aggressive hiring efforts with
respect to business development managers during the last two
years, many regions of the country have business development
managers who have a relatively short tenure with the Company.
For example, the average tenure of the sales force in
California, the Midwest and the Northeast is less than
16 months. This group makes up approximately 48% of the
overall sales force.
Consequently, the Company continues to expand and improve its
training and orientation programs. For many years, the Company
provided a formal one-week training program for new business
development manager hires, together with on-the-job training. In
2003, the Company implemented a comprehensive and expanded
training program for all new sales associates and also designed
a new training program for all existing sales associates. Both
training courses emphasize the advantages available to clients
through the Companys expansive technology-based service
delivery model and also include substantial focus on the
Companys sales process.
The Company also restructured the compensation system of its
sales force in 2003 and anticipates further restructuring its
sales compensation programs during 2005. Historically, business
development managers had no defined sales territory and earned
commissions based entirely on their individual production
levels. In certain instances, this led to internal competition
as business development managers competed against each other for
the same potential clients.
The new client acquisition model subdivides all markets into
individually assigned and identified sales territories and is
intended to result in the development of market share by
territory. The new compensation structure pays a higher base
salary to attract more qualified sales candidates and provides
an incentive based on the efforts of all business development
managers in a particular geographic region, thus facilitating a
collaborative environment between business development managers.
The Company generates sales leads from various external sources
as well as from direct sales efforts and inquiries. Each
business development manager visits his or her clients on-site
periodically in order to maintain an ongoing relationship and to
seek new business referrals. The Company also generates sales
leads from independent referral relationship partners and an
information database of small businesses. The Company uses a
referral incentive program with its relationship partners to
encourage increased referral activity.
Competition
The human resource outsourcing industry is highly fragmented.
The Company seeks to compete through its ability to provide a
full-service human resource solution to its clients through
dedicated HR professionals and its advanced information
technology solutions. The Company believes its primary
competitors to be single point solution providers who offer
segments of the entire service offering that the Company
provides to its clients in an all-inclusive offering. These
competitors include certain information technology outsourcers
and broad-based outsourcing and consultancy firms that are now
providing or may seek to provide human resource outsourcing
services; companies that provide a discrete group of
transactional services, such as payroll or benefits
administration and aspire to provide additional services; and
other consulting companies that perform individual projects,
such as development of human resource strategy and human
resource information systems.
The Company believes that it is one of the largest co-employers
of client employees in the United States in terms of active
client employees and revenues. Historically, most of the
Companys competitors have focused upon discrete processes,
but many of them are now promoting integrated process management
offerings that may be viewed as competitive with the
Companys offerings. Many of these businesses that operate
under the co-employment business model, especially the larger
ones such as Administaff, Inc. and
10
companies that primarily provide payroll processing services and
also have co-employment businesses, including Automatic Data
Processing, Inc. and Paychex, Inc., are capitalizing on the
co-employment model and transforming their businesses into
full-service human resource outsourcing companies while still
offering workers compensation and group health benefit
insurance programs. The Company expects competition to increase,
and competitors to develop broad service capabilities that match
the Companys offerings.
Vendor Relationships
The Company provides its services to its client employees under
arrangements with a number of partners. The maintenance of
insurance plans, including workers compensation plans and
health benefit plans that cover client employees, is a
significant part of the Companys business. If the Company
were required to obtain replacement contracts, such replacement
could cause a significant disruption to the Companys
business and possible dissatisfaction with the Companys
service offering because of the possible lack of continuity
between current and new health care providers and the associated
plan terms and conditions. This could lead to a decrease in
client retention and an adverse effect on the Companys
future results of operations or financial condition.
|
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Workers Compensation Insurance |
Following is a description of the Companys workers
compensation insurance program, which covers all clients who are
insured under the co-employment model:
The Company has had a loss sensitive workers compensation
insurance program since January 1, 2000. The program is
insured by CNA Financial Corporation (CNA) for the
2000, 2001 and 2002 program years. The program is currently
insured by member insurance companies of American International
Group, Inc. (AIG) and includes coverage for the 2003
and 2004 program years. In states where private insurance is not
permitted, client employees are covered by state insurance funds.
The insured loss sensitive programs provide insurance coverage
for claims incurred in each plan year but which may be paid out
over future periods dependent upon the nature and extent of the
worksite injury. The fully insured loss sensitive programs
provide for a sharing of risk between the insurance companies
and the Company whereby the Company is responsible for paying,
through the respective insurance company, the first
$1.0 million per occurrence of claims through 2003 and
$2.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2004,
and the respective insurance company is responsible for amounts
in excess of the Companys per occurrence amount. For the
2004 program year, the Company purchased additional insurance
coverage from Munich American Reassurance Company for the layer
of claims between $1.0 million and $2.0 million per
occurrence, thereby effectively limiting the Companys
liability to the first $1.0 million per occurrence.
In addition, for policy years 2000 through 2003, the Company
obtained aggregate stop-loss insurance coverage through CNA and
AIG, as applicable, further limiting its ultimate liability. The
stop loss coverage provided by CNA for the 2000-2002 program
years limits the Companys aggregate exposure for claims
below the $1.0 million per occurrence level to 130% of the
expected losses as determined by CNA. The stop loss coverage
provided by AIG for the 2003 program year limits the
Companys aggregate exposure for claims below the
$1.0 million per occurrence level to 175% of the expected
losses as determined by AIG. The Company did not purchase
aggregate stop loss coverage for the 2004 program year, as the
Company believed that the risk of losses exceeding the proposed
aggregate stop loss level was remote.
Effective September 30, 2004, the Company entered into
agreements with AIG and CNA whereby the Company purchased
insurance from AIG to cover the Companys workers
compensation claims liability up to the $1.0 million per
occurrence deductible level for policy years 2000, 2001 and
2002. CNA remains the insurer on the underlying claims for these
policy years. The insurance purchased from AIG also provides the
Company greater protection relative to the aggregate insurance
stop-loss coverage by effectively reducing the Companys
maximum exposure for claims that fall below the
$1.0 million deductible level from 130% of expected total
losses to approximately 117% of expected total losses over the
life of the 2000, 2001 and 2002 policies. The insurance
purchased from AIG was funded substantially through the release
by CNA to the
11
Company of restricted marketable securities previously pledged
to CNA as collateral and the release by CNA to the Company of
premium payments and deposits previously paid to CNA.
Of the total premium paid by the Company to AIG, AIG deposited
$94.4 million into an interest bearing loss fund account to
fund all claims under the program up to AIGs aggregate
limit. Interest on the loss fund (which will be reduced as
claims are paid out over the life of the policy) will accrue to
the benefit of the Company at a fixed annual rate of 3.0% until
all claims are closed. AIG will return to the Company that
portion of the loss fund account, if any, not used or retained
to pay claims, including interest earned, at intervals of 36,
60, 84 and 120 months from the date of the inception of the
agreement. The maximum return amount, which is based upon a
pre-determined formula, at 36 and 60 months is limited to
$5.5 million for each payment due, with no limit as to the
return amount at either 84 and 120 months.
With respect to the 2003 and 2004 policy years, the Company,
through its Bermuda-based insurance subsidiary, remits premiums
to AIG to cover AIGs estimates of claims related to the
first $1.0 million ($2.0 million for policy year 2004)
per occurrence. AIG deposits the funds into an interest bearing
loss fund account to fund all claims up to the $1.0 million
per occurrence amount ($2.0 million for policy year 2004).
Interest on the loss fund (which will be reduced as claims are
paid out over the life of the policy) will accrue to the benefit
of the Company at fixed annual rates. Under the 2003 program
year, the Company paid $85.0 million of such premium and is
guaranteed to receive a 2.42% per annum fixed return on
$73.5 million and 1.85% on $11.5 million so long as
the program and the interest accrued under the program, remain
with AIG for at least 7 years. If the program is terminated
prior to end of the 7 year period, the interest rate is
adjusted downward based upon a sliding scale. Under the 2004
program year, the Company paid $111.4 million of such
premiums and is guaranteed to receive a 2.92% per annum
fixed return so long as the program and the related interest
accrued under the program remain with AIG for a 10 year
period. If the program is terminated prior to the end of the
10 year period, the interest rate is adjusted downward
based upon a sliding scale. Both program years provide for an
initial premium true-up eighteen months after the policy
inception and annually thereafter. The true-up is based upon a
pre-determined loss factor times the amount of incurred claims
as of the date of the true-up.
See the further discussion of the Companys workers
compensation policies at Item 7. Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations Critical Accounting
Estimates-Workers Compensation Receivable/ Reserves.
Following is a description of the Companys health plans,
which are offered to all clients who are served under the
co-employment model:
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Florida(1) Blue
Cross and Blue Shield of Florida (BCBSFL) is the
Companys primary partner in Florida, delivering medical
care benefits to approximately 21,000 Florida based client
employees. The Companys policy with BCBSFL is a minimum
premium policy expiring September 30, 2005. Pursuant to
this policy, the Company is obligated to reimburse BCBSFL for
the cost of the claims incurred by participants under the plan,
plus the cost of plan administration. The administrative costs
per covered client employee associated with this policy are
specified by year and aggregate loss coverage is provided to the
Company at the level of 115% of projected claims. The
Companys obligation to BCBSFL, related to incurred but not
reported claims, is secured by a letter of credit. As of
December 31, 2004, the amount of the letter of credit for
BCBSFL securing such obligations was $6.0 million. The
amount of the letter of credit was initially intended to
approximate one months claims payments. The policy allows
for an adjustment to the letter of credit amount based on
premium volume and for increases to the claims payment factor to
a maximum of two months of expected claims payments.
Aetna Health, Inc. Aetna Health, Inc.
(Aetna) is the Companys primary medical care
benefits provider for approximately 26,000 client employees
throughout the remainder of the country, including client
1BCBSFL is an independent licensee of the Blue Cross and Blue
Shield Associations.
12
employees acquired in the acquisition of the client service
agreements of EPIX Holdings Corporation (EPIX) on
March 26, 2004, and the acquisition of the client service
agreements of TeamStaff, Inc. (TeamStaff) on
November 17, 2003. The Companys 2004 policy with
Aetna provides for an HMO and PPO offering to plan participants.
The Aetna HMO medical benefit plans are subject to a guaranteed
cost contract that caps the Companys annual liability. The
Aetna PPO medical benefit plan is a retrospective funding
arrangement whereby the PPO plan is subject to a 7.5% additional
premium if actual claims are greater than projected at the
inception of the policy year. The maximum charge per year is
7.5% with a carryover into subsequent years of amounts that
exceed 7.5% per year.
Other Medical Benefit Plans The Company
provides coverage under various regional medical benefit plans
to approximately 1,500 client employees in various areas of
the country, including Kaiser Foundation Health Plan, Inc. in
California, HealthPartners (Minnesota) in Minnesota, Harvard
Pilgrim Healthcare in Massachusetts and Capital Health Plan in
the Tallahassee, Florida region. Such regional medical plans are
subject to fixed costs that cap the Companys annual
liability. Client employees acquired in the EPIX acquisition and
the TeamStaff acquisition were provided medical care benefits
under the medical benefit plans in which they participated on
the date of the respective acquisition through
September 30, 2004. These plans were fixed cost contracts
that capped the Companys annual liability. On
October 1, 2004, these employees were provided coverage
through the Companys ongoing plans.
Other Health Benefit Plans The Companys
dental plans, which include both a PPO and HMO offering, are
primarily provided by Aetna for all client employees who elect
coverage. Delta Dental and American Dental provided dental
coverage for certain client employees acquired in the EPIX and
TeamStaff acquisitions through September 30, 2004. All
dental plans are subject to guaranteed cost contracts that cap
the Companys annual liability.
In addition to dental coverage, the Company offers various other
guaranteed cost insurance programs to client employees, such as
vision care, life, accidental death and dismemberment,
short-term disability and long-term disability. The Company also
offers a flexible spending account for health care, dependent
care and transportation costs.
Beginning October 1, 2004, part-time client employees
became eligible to enroll in limited benefit programs from Star
HRG. These plans include fixed cost sickness and accident and
dental insurance programs, and a vision discount plan.
The Company offers to clients served under the co-employment
model a 401(k) retirement plan, designed to be a multiple
employer plan under Section 413(c) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). This plan design
enables owners of client companies and highly compensated client
employees, as well as highly compensated internal employees of
the Company, to participate. These persons were previously
excluded from the single employer 401(k) retirement plan offered
by the Company prior to April 1, 1997, in order to avoid
issues of discrimination in favor of highly compensated
employees. Generally, employee benefit plans are subject to
provisions of both the Code and the Employee Retirement Income
Security Act (ERISA).
In connection with the EPIX and TeamStaff acquisitions, the
Company assumed certain employee benefit plans, including two
multiple-employer 401(k) plans.
Internal Company Employees
As of December 31, 2004, the Company employed
993 internal employees of whom 513 were located at the
Companys headquarters in Bradenton, Florida. The remaining
employees were located in the Companys branch offices.
None of the Companys internal employees are covered by a
collective bargaining agreement.
13
Industry Regulation
Numerous federal and state laws and regulations relating to
employment matters, benefit plans and employment taxes affect
the operations of the Company or specifically address issues
associated with co-employment. Many of these federal and state
laws were enacted before the development of non-traditional
employment relationships, such as professional employer
organizations, temporary employment and other employment-related
outsourcing arrangements and, therefore, do not specifically
address the obligations and responsibilities of a professional
employer organization.
Other federal and state laws and regulations are relatively new,
and administrative agencies and federal and state courts have
not yet interpreted or applied these regulations to the
Companys business or its industry. The development of
additional regulations and interpretation of those regulations
can be expected to evolve over time. In addition, from time to
time, states have considered, and may in the future consider,
imposing certain taxes on gross revenues or service fees of the
Company and its competitors.
Twenty-five states, including eight states where the Company has
offices (Colorado, Florida, Minnesota, New Jersey,
New York, North Carolina, Texas and Tennessee), have
passed laws that have licensing, registration or other
regulatory requirements for professional employer organizations,
and several other states are currently considering similar
regulation. Such laws vary from state to state, but generally
codify the requirements that a professional employer
organization must reserve the right to hire, terminate and
discipline client employees and secure workers
compensation insurance coverage. In certain instances, the
Company delegates or assigns such rights to the client. The laws
also generally provide for monitoring the fiscal responsibility
of professional employer organizations and, in many cases, the
licensure of the controlling officers of the professional
employer organization.
In addition, some states through legislative or other regulatory
action have proposed to modify the manner in which the Company
is allowed to provide services to the its clients which could
increase the administrative cost associated with providing such
services. To the extent modifications are adopted in these
states, other states may follow. For example, California is
considering modifying the interpretation of the law that governs
workers compensation insurance coverage to require
insurance carriers to issue policies directly to the
Companys clients rather than through the Company under a
single master policy. Adoption of this interpretation would
increase the Companys administrative expense in providing
workers compensation coverage to its clients.
The Company believes that its operations are currently in
compliance in all material respects with applicable federal and
state statutes and regulations.
In order to qualify for favorable tax treatment under the Code,
401(k) plans must be established and maintained by an employer
for the exclusive benefit of its employees. Generally, an entity
is an employer of certain workers for federal
employment tax purposes if an employment relationship exists
between the entity and the workers under the common law test of
employment. In addition, the officers of a corporation are
deemed to be employees of that corporation for federal
employment tax purposes. The common law test of employment, as
applied by the IRS, involves an examination of many factors to
ascertain whether an employment relationship exists between a
worker and a purported employer. Such a test is generally
applied to determine whether an individual is an independent
contractor or an employee for federal employment tax purposes
and not to determine whether each of two or more companies is a
co-employer. Substantial weight is typically given
to the question of whether the purported employer directs and
controls the details of an individuals work. The courts
have provided that the common law employer test applied to
determine the existence of an employer-employee relationship for
federal employment tax purposes can be different than the common
law test applied to determine employer status for other federal
tax purposes. In addition, control and supervision have been
held to be less important factors when determining employer
status for ERISA purposes.
14
On May 13, 2002, the IRS released guidance applicable
solely to the tax-qualified status of defined contribution
retirement plans maintained by professional employer
organizations. In that guidance, the IRS declared that it would
not assert a violation of the exclusive benefit rule under
Section 401(a) of the Code if a professional employer
organization that maintains a single employer 401(k) retirement
plan for client employees takes certain remedial action by the
last day of the first plan year beginning on or after
January 1, 2003.
The Company maintains a frozen single employer 401(k) retirement
plan benefiting certain client employees and took remedial
action to qualify for the relief provided under the IRS guidance
within the applicable deadline. As part of the remedial action,
the plan was terminated. The Company has submitted an
application to request IRS approval to proceed with the plan
termination and distribution of assets (approximately
$0.9 million as of December 31, 2004).
In conjunction with the EPIX acquisition, the Company assumed
sponsorship of a frozen single employer plan. Prior to the
acquisition, EPIX took remedial action to qualify for the relief
provided under the IRS guidance. The plan was terminated prior
to the applicable deadline and an application was submitted to
the IRS to request approval to proceed with the plan termination
and distribution of assets (approximately $11 million at
December 31, 2004).
The status of the active multiple employer 401(k) retirement
plans maintained by the Company are unaffected by the IRS
guidance.
Employee pension and welfare benefit plans are also governed by
ERISA. ERISA defines an employer as any person
acting directly as an employer, or indirectly in the interest of
an employer, in relation to an employee benefit plan.
ERISA defines the term employee as any
individual employed by an employer. The courts have held
that the common law test of employment must be applied to
determine whether an individual is an employee or an independent
contractor under ERISA. However, in applying that test, control
and supervision are less important for ERISA purposes when
determining whether an employer has assumed responsibility for
an individuals benefits status. A definitive judicial
interpretation of employer in the context of a
professional employer organization or employee leasing
arrangement has not been established.
If the Company were found not to be an employer for ERISA
purposes, its former 401(k) retirement plan would not comply
with ERISA. Further, the Company would be subject to
liabilities, including penalties, with respect to its cafeteria
benefits plan for failure to withhold and pay taxes applicable
to salary deferral contributions by its clients employees.
In addition, as a result of such a finding, the Company and its
plans would not enjoy, with respect to client employees, the
preemption of state laws provided by ERISA and could be subject
to varying state laws and regulation, as well as to claims based
upon state common laws.
As a co-employer, the Company assumes responsibility and
liability for the payment of federal and state employment taxes
with respect to wages and salaries paid to client employees.
There are essentially three types of federal employment tax
obligations: (i) withholding of income tax governed by Code
Section 3401, et seq.; (ii) obligations under
FICA, governed by Code Section 3101, et seq.; and
(iii) obligations under FUTA, governed by Code
Section 3101, et seq. Under these Code sections, employers
have the obligation to withhold and remit the employer portion
and, where applicable, the employee portion of these taxes.
Among other employment tax issues related to whether
professional employer organizations are employers of client
employees are issues under the Code provisions applicable to
federal employment taxes. The issue arises as to whether the
Company is responsible for payment of employment taxes on wages
and salaries paid to such client employees. Code
Section 3401(d)(1), which applies to federal income tax
withholding requirements, contains an exception to the general
common law test applied to determine whether an entity is an
employer for purposes of federal income tax
withholding. The courts have extended this common law employer
exception to apply for both FICA and FUTA tax purposes. Code
Section 3401(d)(1)
15
states that if the person for whom services are rendered does
not have control of the payment of wages, the
employer for this purpose is the person having
control of the payment of wages. The Treasury Regulations issued
under Code Section 3401(d)(1) state that a third party can
be deemed to be the employer of workers under this Section for
income tax withholding purposes where the person for whom
services are rendered does not have legal control of the payment
of wages. Although several courts have examined Code
Section 3401(d)(1) with regard to professional employer
organizations, its ultimate scope has not been delineated.
Moreover, the IRS has,