Back to GetFilings.com



Table of Contents

CONFORMED COPY

8/6/2004 9:34

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended July 11, 2004

OR

     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______________________ to ___________________.

Commission file number 333-57925

The Restaurant Company


(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Delaware   62-1254388

 
 
 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. employer identification no.)
     
6075 Poplar Avenue, Suite 800, Memphis, TN   38119

 
 
 
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

(901) 766-6400


(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by ü whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ü No

Indicate by ü whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes            No ü

Number of shares of common stock outstanding: 10,820.

1


TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
EX-10.14 AMENDMENT NO.7 TO REVOLVING CREDIT AGREEMENT
EX-31.1 SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION OF THE PEO
EX-31.2 SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION OF THE PFO


Table of Contents

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
THE RESTAURANT COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
(In Thousands)
                                 
    Twelve   Twelve   Twenty-Eight   Twenty-Eight
    Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended
    July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
  July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
REVENUES:
                               
Food sales
  $ 72,500     $ 72,286     $ 171,255     $ 166,018  
Franchise and other revenue
    5,172       5,338       11,534       11,595  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Revenues
    77,672       77,624       182,789       177,613  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
                               
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation shown below):
                               
Food cost
    20,707       20,814       48,944       47,253  
Labor and benefits
    25,098       25,152       59,572       59,022  
Operating expenses
    15,061       14,941       35,087       34,905  
General and administrative
    6,718       6,870       16,911       15,787  
Depreciation and amortization
    3,884       4,162       9,050       9,921  
Interest, net
    3,675       3,774       8,603       9,044  
Provision for (benefit from) disposition of assets
    (81 )     53       282       55  
Asset write-down
    8       150       455       150  
Other, net
    (109 )     (126 )     (268 )     (287 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Costs and Expenses
    74,961       75,790       178,636       175,850  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Income before income taxes
    2,711       1,834       4,153       1,763  
Provision for income taxes
    (867 )     (396 )     (1,355 )     (382 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
NET INCOME
  $ 1,844     $ 1,438     $ 2,798     $ 1,381  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

2


Table of Contents

THE RESTAURANT COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands)
                 
    July 11,    
    2004   December 28,
    (Unaudited)
  2003
ASSETS
               
CURRENT ASSETS:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 7,895     $ 4,962  
Restricted cash
    5,212       4,808  
Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,139 and $1,003
    9,267       10,647  
Inventories, net
    7,359       6,199  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    1,772       1,597  
Deferred income taxes
    2,219       2,219  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total current assets
    33,724       30,432  
 
   
 
     
 
 
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization
    115,232       118,848  
GOODWILL
    27,035       27,035  
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net of accumulated amortization of $5,611 and $5,265
    3,707       4,053  
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES
    9,097       9,097  
OTHER ASSETS
    7,252       6,857  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
  $ 196,047     $ 196,322  
 
   
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated balance sheets.

3


Table of Contents

THE RESTAURANT COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands, Except Par and Share Amounts)

                 
    July 11,    
    2004   December 28,
    (Unaudited)
  2003
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER’S INVESTMENT
               
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
               
Current maturities of long-term debt and capital lease obligations
  $ 366     $ 466  
Accounts payable
    7,348       11,133  
Franchise advertising contributions
    4,296       4,093  
Accrued expenses
    21,339       21,164  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total current liabilities
    33,349       36,856  
 
   
 
     
 
 
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS, less current maturities
    717       869  
LONG-TERM DEBT
    148,009       148,009  
OTHER LIABILITIES
    7,886       7,299  
STOCKHOLDER’S INVESTMENT:
               
Common stock, $.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized, 10,820 issued and outstanding
    1       1  
Other comprehensive income
    41       42  
Accumulated earnings
    6,044       3,246  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total stockholder’s investment
    6,086       3,289  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
  $ 196,047     $ 196,322  
 
   
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated balance sheets.

4


Table of Contents

THE RESTAURANT COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(In Thousands)
                                 
    Twelve   Twelve   Twenty-Eight   Twenty-Eight
    Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended
    July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
  July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
                               
Net income
  $ 1,844     $ 1,438     $ 2,798     $ 1,381  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
                               
Depreciation and amortization
    3,884       4,162       9,050       9,921  
Accretion of Senior Discount Notes
                      7  
Other non-cash income and expense items
    150       107       373       243  
Provision for (benefit from) disposition of assets
    (81 )     53       282       55  
Asset write-down
    8       150       455       150  
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities
    (5,609 )     (1,174 )     (4,078 )     266  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total adjustments
    (1,648 )     3,298       6,082       10,642  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    196       4,736       8,880       12,023  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
                               
Cash paid for property and equipment
    (4,403 )     (2,820 )     (7,602 )     (4,989 )
Proceeds from sale of assets held for disposition
    1,284             1,770       10  
Payments on notes receivable
    92       28       137       229  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (3,027 )     (2,792 )     (5,695 )     (4,750 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
                               
Proceeds from long-term debt
          3,750             3,750  
Payments on long-term debt
          (8,853 )           (10,853 )
Principal payments under capital lease obligations
    (108 )     (149 )     (252 )     (349 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net cash used in financing activities
    (108 )     (5,252 )     (252 )     (7,452 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (2,939 )     (3,308 )     2,933       (179 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:
                               
Balance, beginning of period
    10,834       8,942       4,962       5,813  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Balance, end of period
  $ 7,895     $ 5,634     $ 7,895     $ 5,634  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

5


Table of Contents

THE RESTAURANT COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

Organization

The Restaurant Company (the “Company,” “Perkins,” or “TRC”) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Restaurant Holding Corporation (“RHC”). TRC conducts business under the name “Perkins Restaurant and Bakery”. TRC is also the sole stockholder of TRC Realty LLC, The Restaurant Company of Minnesota and Perkins Finance Corp. RHC’s principal stockholders are Donald N. Smith (“Mr. Smith”), TRC’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and BancBoston Ventures, Inc. (“BBV”). Mr. Smith is also the Chairman of Friendly Ice Cream Corporation (“FICC”), which operates and franchises approximately 546 restaurants, located primarily in the northeastern United States.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of TRC have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and therefore do not include all information and notes necessary for complete financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. The results for the periods indicated are unaudited but reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) which management considers necessary for a fair presentation of the operating results. Results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of a full year of operations. The notes to the financial statements contained in the 2003 Annual Report on Form 10-K should be read in conjunction with these statements.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

Accounting Reporting Period

The Company’s fiscal calendar year consists of thirteen four-week periods ending on the last Sunday in December. The first quarter each year will include four four-week periods. The first and second quarters ended on April 18 and July 11, respectively. The third and fourth quarters of 2004 will end on October 3 and December 26, respectively.

Contingencies

The Company is a party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Management does not believe it is likely that these proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

On June 9, 2000, the Company entered into an agreement to guarantee fifty percent of borrowings up to a total guarantee of $1,500,000 for use by a franchisee to remodel and upgrade existing restaurants. As of July 11, 2004, there was $3,000,000 in borrowings outstanding under this agreement of which the Company guaranteed $1,500,000. The franchisee continues to attempt to refinance the indebtedness, at which time the Company’s obligation under the current agreement would terminate. Under the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, this guarantee has been determined by the Company not to be a variable interest in the franchisee.

Provision for Disposition of Assets and Asset Write-Down

During the quarter ended July 11, 2004, the Company sold one property and recorded a net gain of $81,000. The Company also completed the sale of one property that was under contract on April 18, 2004. A loss of $356,000 on this property was accrued in the first quarter.

6


Table of Contents

During the first quarter of 2004, the Company sold one property and recorded a net loss on the sale of approximately $7,000. Also, the Company determined that impairment existed with respect to two Company-operated restaurants. This determination was made based on the Company’s projections that the future cash flows of these restaurants would not exceed the present carrying value of the assets. Accordingly, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $446,000 to adjust the assets of these restaurants to net realizable value.

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The increase or decrease in cash and cash equivalents due to changes in operating assets and liabilities for the twelve and twenty-eight weeks ended July l1 and July 13, consists of the following (in thousands):

                                 
    Twelve   Twelve   Twenty-Eight   Twenty-Eight
    Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended
    July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
  July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
(Increase) Decrease in:
                               
Receivables
  $ 3     $ (292 )   $ 522     $ 941  
Inventories
    (913 )     93       (1,160 )     (632 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    282       283       (175 )     (202 )
Other assets
    (247 )     (60 )     (48 )     236  
Increase (Decrease) in:
                               
Accounts payable
    (988 )     3,173       (3,785 )     (2,351 )
Accrued expenses
    (3,989 )     (4,670 )     (19 )     2,065  
Other liabilities
    243       299       587       209  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
  $ (5,609 )   $ (1,174 )   $ (4,078 )   $ 266  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

In addition, the Company converted $347,000 of accounts receivable to long-term notes receivable during the quarter. Other supplemental cash flow information is as follows (in thousands):

                                 
    Twelve   Twelve   Twenty-Eight   Twenty-Eight
    Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended
    July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
  July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
Cash paid for interest
  $ 7,683     $ 8,192     $ 7,848     $ 8,389  
Income taxes paid
    897       42       2,586       117  
Income tax refunds received
    96       23       97       59  

7


Table of Contents

Segment Reporting

The following presents revenue and other financial information by business segment for the twelve and twenty-eight weeks ended July 11 and July 13 (in thousands):

                                         
    Restaurants
  Franchise
  Manufacturing
  Other
  Totals
Twelve weeks ended July 11, 2004:
                                       
Revenue from external customers
  $ 64,963     $ 5,173     $ 7,536     $     $ 77,672  
Intersegment revenue
                2,056             2,056  
Segment profit (loss)
    6,867       4,320       1,329       (10,672 )     1,844  
Twelve weeks ended July 13, 2003:
                                       
Revenue from external customers
  $   64,373     $   5,236     $   7,913     $ 102     $   77,624  
Intersegment revenue
                2,089             2,089  
Segment profit (loss)
    5,578       4,457       1,964       (10,561 )     1,438  
                                         
    Restaurants
  Franchise
  Manufacturing
  Other
  Totals
Twenty-eight weeks ended July 11, 2004:
                                       
Revenue from external customers
  $ 154,055     $ 11,534     $ 17,200     $     $ 182,789  
Intersegment revenue
                4,772             4,772  
Segment profit (loss)
    16,214       9,833       2,987       (26,236 )     2,798  
Twenty-eight weeks ended July 13, 2003:
                                       
Revenue from external customers
  $ 149,228     $ 11,358     $ 16,790     $ 237     $ 177,613  
Intersegment revenue
                5,323             5,323  
Segment profit (loss)
    11,473       9,867       3,919       (23,878 )     1,381  

8


Table of Contents

A reconciliation of other segment loss is as follows (in thousands):

                                 
    Twelve   Twelve   Twenty-Eight   Twenty-Eight
    Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended
    July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
  July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
General and administrative expenses
  $ 5,747     $ 5,765     $ 14,466     $ 13,143  
Depreciation and amortization expenses
    554       678       1,311       1,581  
Interest expense, net
    3,675       3,774       8,603       9,044  
Provision for (benefit from) disposition of assets
    (81 )     53       282       55  
Asset write-down
    8       150       455       150  
Provision for income taxes
    867       396       1,355       382  
Other
    (98 )     (255 )     (236 )     (477 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
  $ 10,672     $ 10,561     $ 26,236     $ 23,878  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

Revolving Credit Agreement

As of July 11, 2004, the Company has a secured $25,000,000 revolving line of credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) with a sub-limit for up to $7,500,000 of letters of credit. All amounts under the Credit Facility bear interest at floating rates based on the agent’s base rate or Eurodollar rates as defined in the agreement. All indebtedness under the Credit Facility is collateralized by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of the Company. The maturity date of the Credit Facility is January 1, 2005. Currently, the Company is negotiating with several financial institutions to replace the Credit Facility. The Company anticipates that these negotiations will be completed before expiration of the Credit Facility. As of July 11, 2004, there were no borrowings and approximately $5,481,000 of letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility.

At April 20, 2003, the Company failed to meet the criteria of one of the financial covenants of the Credit Facility. On May 14, 2003, the Company executed an amendment to the Credit Facility that waived the April 20, 2003 covenant violation, reduced the requirements of the financial covenants and lowered the total amount available under the Credit Facility from $40,000,000 to $25,000,000. The Company executed an amendment to the Credit Facility on March 25, 2004 that reduced the requirements of the financial covenants at the end of the first quarter 2004 and thereafter. Effective June 16, 2004, the Company executed an amendment to the Credit Facility that increased the sub-limit of letters of credit from $5,000,000 to $7,500,000. As of July 11, 2004, the Company was in compliance with the requirements of the financial covenants.

Subsequent Event

During the weekend of August 14, 2004, hurricane Charley struck central Florida where the Company has a large concentration of stores. Currently, the Company is compiling damage assessments from the storm. As of August 24, 2004, the Company estimates that the extent of property damage and the loss of business income, net of any potential insurance recoveries, will be approximately $250,000 to $300,000.

9


Table of Contents

ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE PERIOD ENDED JULY 11, 2004

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview:

The Company is a leading operator and franchisor of mid-scale restaurants located in 34 states and five Canadian provinces. As of July 11, 2004, the Company owned and operated 155 and franchised 331 Perkins Restaurants. Both the Company-operated and franchised Perkins Restaurants operate under the names “Perkins Restaurant and Bakery,” “Perkins Family Restaurant,” “Perkins Family Restaurant and Bakery,” or “Perkins Restaurant” and the mark “Perkins”. The Company also offers cookie doughs, muffin batters, pancake mixes, pies and other food products for sale to our Company-operated and franchised restaurants and bakery and food service distributors through Foxtail Foods (“Foxtail”), our manufacturing division. The business of Perkins was founded in 1958, and since then Perkins has continued to adapt its menus, product offerings, building designs and decor to meet changing consumer preferences. Perkins is a highly recognized brand in the geographic areas it serves.

The Company’s revenues are derived primarily from the operation of Company-owned restaurants, the sale of bakery products produced by Foxtail and franchise royalties. In order to ensure consistency and availability of Perkins’ proprietary products to each unit in the system, Foxtail offers cookie doughs, muffin batters, pancake mixes, pies and other food products to Company-operated and franchised restaurants through food service distributors. Sales to Company-operated restaurants are eliminated in the accompanying statements of operations. For the quarter ended July 11, 2004, revenues from Company-operated restaurants, Foxtail, and franchise and other accounted for 83.6%, 9.7% and 6.7% of total revenue, respectively.

10


Table of Contents

A summary of the Company’s results for the twelve and twenty-eight weeks ended July 11, 2004 and July 13, 2003 are presented in the following table. All revenues, costs and expenses are expressed as a percentage of total revenues.

                                 
    Twelve   Twelve   Twenty-Eight   Twenty-Eight
    Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended   Weeks Ended
    July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
  July 11, 2004
  July 13, 2003
Revenues:
                               
Food sales
    93.3 %     93.1 %     93.7 %     93.5 %
Franchise and other revenue
    6.7       6.9       6.3       6.5  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Revenues
    100.0       100.0       100.0       100.0  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Costs and Expenses:
                               
Cost of sales (excluding depreciation shown below):
                               
Food cost
    26.7       26.8       26.8       26.6  
Labor and benefits
    32.3       32.4       32.6       33.2  
Operating expenses
    19.4       19.2       19.2       19.7  
General and administrative
    8.6       8.9       9.3       8.9  
Depreciation and amortization
    5.0       5.4       5.0       5.6  
Interest, net
    4.7       4.9       4.7       5.1  
Provision for (benefit from) disposition of assets
    (0.1 )     0.1       0.2        
Asset write-down
          0.2       0.2       0.1  
Other, net
    (0.1 )     (0.3 )     (0.2 )     (0.2 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total Costs and Expenses
    96.5       97.6       97.8       99.0  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Income before income taxes
    3.5       2.4       2.2       1.0  
Provision for income taxes
    (1.1 )     (0.5 )     (0.7 )     (0.2 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net Income
    2.4 %     1.9 %     1.5 %     0.8 %
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

Net Income for the second quarter of 2004 was $1,844,000 versus net income of $1,438,000 for the second quarter of 2003. For the year-to-date period ended July 11, 2004, net income was $2,798,000 compared to $1,381,000 for the year-to-date period ended July 13, 2003.

11


Table of Contents

Revenues:

Total revenues for the second quarter of 2004 increased 0.1% from the prior year second quarter. Year-to-date total revenues increased 2.9% over the prior year-to-date period. This increase is primarily due to increased restaurant sales.

Same store comparable sales in Company-operated restaurants decreased approximately 0.5% for the second quarter and increased approximately 1.9% year-to-date. The decrease for the quarter is attributable to a decrease of 3.5% in comparable guest visits offset by an increase in the average guest check of 3.0%. The year-to-date increase is attributable to a 4.1% increase in the average guest check offset by a decrease of 2.2% in comparable guest visits. Approximately one-half of the increase in average guest check is due to favorable product mix while the remainder is primarily due to selective menu price increases.

Revenues from Foxtail decreased approximately 4.8% from the prior year quarter and increased 2.4% over the prior year-to-date period and constituted approximately 9.7% and 9.4%, respectively, of the Company’s total revenues. The decrease for the quarter is primarily due to a decrease in sales to customers within the Perkins system.

Franchise revenue, composed primarily of franchise royalties, decreased 1.2% over the second quarter of 2003 and increased 1.5% year-to-date. Royalty revenues increased for the year-to-date period primarily due to an estimated 2.6% increase in franchise restaurant comparable sales partially offset by a decrease in the average number of franchise restaurants. Since the second quarter of 2003, the Company’s franchisees have opened 8 restaurants and have closed 20 restaurants.

Costs and Expenses:

Food cost:

In terms of total revenues, food cost decreased 0.1 percentage points from the second quarter of 2003 and increased 0.2 percentage points over the previous year-to-date period. Restaurant food cost, as a percentage of restaurant sales, decreased 0.5 percentage points for both the quarter and year-to-date periods primarily due to selective menu price increases, decreased discounting and efficiencies gained from the implementation of our new menu during the first quarter of 2003. These efficiencies were partially offset by increases in commodity costs, primarily beef, pork, dairy and eggs. As a percentage of Foxtail sales, Foxtail food cost increased 2.5 and 2.6 percentage points for the quarter and year-to-date periods, respectively, primarily due to increases in the costs of raw materials, particularly eggs, milk and other dairy products.

Labor and benefits:

Labor and benefits expense, as a percentage of total revenues, decreased 0.1 percentage points from the second quarter of 2003 and decreased 0.6 percentage points for the year-to-date period ended July 11, 2004. The decrease is primarily due to increased labor productivity at Company-operated restaurants partially offset by an increase in incentives, employee insurance and average wage rates.

Federal and state minimum wage laws impact the wage rates of the Company’s hourly employees. Certain states do not allow tip credits for servers which results in higher payroll costs as well as greater exposure to increases in minimum wage rates. In the past, the Company has been able to offset increases