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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2004

Commission File Number 1-15799

Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Florida
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  65-0701248
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
     
590 Madison Avenue
New York, New York

(Address of principal executive offices)
  10022
(Zip Code)

(212) 409-2000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ

     As of August 13, 2004, there were outstanding 46,383,167 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.0001 par value.



 


Table of Contents

LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JUNE 30, 2004

TABLE OF CONTENTS

             
        Page
  FINANCIAL INFORMATION        
 
           
  Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited):        
 
           
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003.     2  
 
           
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003.     3  
 
           
  Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Capital Deficit for the six months ended June 30, 2004.     4  
 
           
  Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003.     5  
 
           
  Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.     6  
 
           
  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.     18  
 
           
  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.     28  
 
           
  Controls and Procedures.     28  
 
           
  OTHER INFORMATION        
 
           
  Legal Proceedings.     29  
 
           
  Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.     29  
 
           
  Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.     29  
 
           
        30  
 Sec 302 Chief Executive Officer Certification
 Sec 302 Chief Financial Officer Certification
 Sec 906 Chief Executive Officer Certification
 Sec 906 Chief Financial Officer Certification

 


Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited):

LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
                 
    June 30,   December 31,
    2004
  2003
ASSETS
               
 
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 1,881     $ 3,648  
Trading securities owned
    1,170       1,013  
Receivables from clearing brokers
    11,865       21,245  
Assets of limited partnership
    4,956       6,472  
Exchange memberships owned, at historical cost
    1,505       1,505  
Furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements, net
    4,613       4,828  
Restricted assets
    1,064       1,063  
Other assets
    5,656       4,363  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total assets
  $ 32,710     $ 44,137  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
               
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ CAPITAL DEFICIT
               
 
               
Securities sold, but not yet purchased
  $ 121     $ 4,070  
Accrued compensation
    1,551       2,502  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    8,828       8,510  
Liabilities of limited partnership
    456       3,230  
Deferred rent credit
    6,039       5,817  
Accrued interest
    2,218       1,999  
Accrued interest to former parent
    2,015       1,545  
Notes payable
    7,000       7,000  
Senior convertible notes payable
    18,010       20,000  
Subordinated note payable
    2,500       2,500  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total liabilities
    48,738       57,173  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Commitments and contingencies
           
 
Limited partners’ interest in limited partnership
    4,379       3,136  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
               
Shareholders’ capital deficit:
               
Preferred stock, $.0001 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
           
Common stock, $.0001 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding, 44,369,834 and 43,627,130
    4       4  
Additional paid-in capital
    57,115       56,685  
Accumulated deficit
    (77,526 )     (72,861 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total shareholders’ capital deficit
    (20,407 )     (16,172 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ capital deficit
  $ 32,710     $ 44,137  
 
   
 
     
 
 

See accompanying notes to condensed
consolidated financial statements

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
                                 
    Three Months Ended   Six Months Ended
    June 30,
  June 30,
    2004
  2003
  2004
  2003
Revenues:
                               
Commissions
  $ 6,448     $ 13,998     $ 17,551     $ 21,953  
Principal transactions, net
    598       1,815       1,992       2,785  
Investment banking fees
    211       1,019       440       1,676  
Investment advisory fees
    45       573       743       1,188  
Interest and dividends
    421       422       868       851  
Syndications and underwritings
    93       (5 )     155       30  
Gain on debt cancellation
    1,310             1,310        
Other
    990       1,385       2,234       2,565  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total revenues
    10,116       19,207       25,293       31,048  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
                               
Expenses:
                               
Compensation and benefits
    6,303       12,530       17,676       21,178  
Brokerage, communication and clearance fees
    881       1,271       1,946       3,072  
Rent and occupancy
    1,508       2,039       3,060       3,465  
Professional services
    648       1,017       2,038       1,760  
Interest
    532       542       1,077       1,047  
Write-off of leasehold improvements, net
          779             779  
Depreciation and amortization
    262       295       502       651  
Other
    2,222       1,326       3,327       2,776  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Total expenses
    12,356       19,799       29,626       34,728  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
Loss before income taxes and limited partners’ interest
    (2,240 )     (592 )     (4,333 )     (3,680 )
Limited partners’ interest in earnings of limited partnership
    (262 )     (134 )     (431 )     (69 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Loss before income taxes
    (2,502 )     (726 )     (4,764 )     (3,749 )
Income taxes (benefit)
    4       36       (99 )     82  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Net loss
  $ (2,506 )   $ (762 )   $ (4,665 )   $ (3,831 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
Net loss per Common Share (basic and diluted)
  $ (0.06 )   $ (0.02 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.09 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
Number of shares used in computation (basic and diluted)
    44,144,139       42,034,378       43,887,890       42,029,820  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

See accompanying notes to condensed
consolidated financial statements

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES
IN SHAREHOLDERS’ CAPITAL DEFICIT
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
                                         
    Common Stock
           
                    Additional Paid-In   Accumulated    
    Shares
  Amount
  Capital
  Deficit
  Total
Balance, December 31, 2003
    43,627,130     $ 4     $ 56,685     $ (72,861 )   $ (16,172 )
Issuance of Common Stock
    742,704             430             430  
Net loss
                      (4,665 )     (4,665 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Balance, June 30, 2004
    44,369,834     $ 4     $ 57,115     $ (77,526 )   $ (20,407 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

See accompanying notes to condensed
consolidated financial statements

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
                 
    Six Months Ended
    June 30,
    2004
  2003
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net loss
  $ (4,665 )   $ (3,831 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
    502       651  
Adjustment to deferred rent credit
    222       143  
Accrued interest
    1,009        
Write-off of leasehold improvements, net
          779  
Loss on disposal of fixed assets
          3  
Limited partners’ interest in limited partnership
    431       69  
Gain on debt extinguishment
    (1,310 )      
 
               
Decrease (increase) in operating assets:
               
 
               
Trading securities owned
    (157 )     3,328  
Receivables from clearing brokers
    9,380       (8,999 )
Assets of limited partnership
    1,516       1,513  
Due from affiliates
          14  
Income taxes receivable
          2,043  
Other assets
    (1,293 )     78  
 
               
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
               
 
               
Securities sold, but not yet purchased
    (3,949 )     (371 )
Accrued compensation
    (951 )     1,686  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    318       (726 )
Due to former parent
          449  
Liabilities of limited partnership
    (2,774 )     40  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net cash used in operating activities
    (1,721 )     (3,131 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
               
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
 
               
Purchase of furniture, equipment and leasehold improvements
    (306 )     (468 )
Proceeds from sale of equipment
    19       92  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (287 )     (376 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
               
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
 
               
Increase in restricted assets
    (1 )     (6 )
Repayment of senior convertible note payable
    (1,000 )      
Issuance of common stock
    430       35  
Distributions to limited partners
    (308 )     (1,796 )
Contributions from limited partners
    1,120       174  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities.
    241       (1,593 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (1,767 )     (5,100 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
    3,648       11,752  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
  $ 1,881     $ 6,652  
 
   
 
     
 
 

See accompanying notes to condensed
consolidated financial statements

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

1.   Principles of Reporting

    The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. (“LTS” or the “Company”) and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly-owned. The subsidiaries of LTS include, among others, Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. (“Ladenburg”), Ladenburg Capital Management Inc. (“Ladenburg Capital”), Ladenburg Thalmann Europe, Ltd. and Ladenburg Capital Fund Management Inc. (“LCFM”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

    The interim financial data as of June 30, 2004 and for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003 are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. Because of the nature of the Company’s business, the results of any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.

    The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. The balance sheet at December 31, 2003 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all of the information and notes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statement presentation. The notes to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) provide additional disclosures and a further description of accounting policies.

    Prior to May 7, 2001, Ladenburg Capital and LCFM were the only subsidiaries of the Company. On May 7, 2001, LTS acquired all of the outstanding common stock of Ladenburg, and its name was changed from GBI Capital Management Corp. to Ladenburg Thalmann Financial Services Inc. As part of the consideration for the shares of Ladenburg, LTS issued the former stockholders of Ladenburg a majority interest in the LTS common stock. For accounting purposes, the acquisition has been accounted for as a reverse acquisition with Ladenburg treated as the acquirer of LTS. For a more complete description of this transaction, see Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.

    LCFM is the sole general partner of the Ladenburg Focus Fund, L.P. (“Focus Fund”), an open-ended private investment fund that invests its capital in publicly traded equity securities and options strategies. Due to the controlling voting interest of LCFM, the accounts of the limited partnership were consolidated with the Company’s accounts. The comparative 2003 condensed consolidated financial statements as previously reported were adjusted to reflect the consolidation of the limited partnership. This adjustment had no effect on the Company’s capital deficit at June 30, 2003 or its net loss for the six -month period ended June 30, 2003. The assets of the limited partnership consist principally of a receivable from the Company’s clearing broker of $4,956 and $6,469 as of June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively. The liabilities of the limited partnership consist principally of securities sold, but not yet purchased, of $441 and $3,215 as of June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively.

    The Company’s liquidity position continues to be adversely affected by its inability to generate cash from operations. Accordingly, the Company has been forced to cut expenses as necessary. In order to accomplish this, the Company has implemented certain cost-cutting procedures throughout its operations. During the third and fourth quarters of 2002, the first and second quarters of 2003, and the second quarter of 2004, the Company reduced the size of its workforce. The Company decreased its total number of employees from 658 at June 30, 2002 to 242 at June 30, 2004. During the fourth quarter of 2002, the Company terminated the operations of Ladenburg Capital. Ladenburg Capital filed to withdraw as a broker-dealer at that time, which withdrawal became effective in January 2004. Ladenburg has agreed to and is currently servicing the

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — CONTINUED
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

    Ladenburg Capital accounts, and many of the Ladenburg Capital employees were offered and have accepted employment with Ladenburg. This further reduced support staff expenses, operating expenses and general administrative expenses.

    The Company’s overall capital and funding needs are continually reviewed to ensure that its liquidity and capital base can support the estimated needs of its business units. These reviews take into account business needs as well as regulatory capital requirements of the Company’s broker-dealer subsidiary. If, based on these reviews, it is determined that the Company requires additional funds to support its liquidity and capital base, the Company would seek to raise additional capital through other available sources, including through borrowing additional funds on a short-term basis from the Company’s significant shareholders or from other parties, including the Company’s clearing brokers, although there can be no assurance such funding would be available. Additionally, the Company may attempt to raise funds through a private placement, a rights offering or other type of financing. If the Company continues to be unable to generate cash from operations and is unable to find alternative sources of funding as described above, it would have an adverse impact on the Company’s liquidity and operations and the Company may be unable to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis and do not reflect any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

    Organization

    Ladenburg is a full service broker-dealer that has been a member of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) since 1879. Ladenburg clears its customers’ transactions through a correspondent clearing broker on a fully disclosed basis. Broker-dealer activities include principal and agency trading and investment banking and underwriting activities. Ladenburg provides its services principally for middle market and emerging growth companies and high net worth individuals through a coordinated effort among corporate finance, capital markets, investment management, brokerage and trading professionals. Ladenburg is subject to regulation by, among others, the SEC, the NYSE, National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (“NASD”), Commodities Futures Trading Commission and National Futures Association. Ladenburg Capital previously operated as a broker-dealer subject to regulation by the SEC and the NASD. Ladenburg Capital acted as an introducing broker, market maker, underwriter and trader for its own account.

2.   Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

    The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

    The Company considers all highly liquid financial instruments with an original maturity of less than three months to be cash equivalents.

    Securities owned and securities sold, but not yet purchased, which are traded on a national securities exchange or listed on Nasdaq are valued at the last reported sales prices of the year. Futures contracts are also valued at their last reported sales prices. Securities owned, which have exercise or holding period restrictions, are valued at fair value as determined by the Company’s management. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in valuation are reflected in net gain on principal transactions.

    Principal transactions, agency commissions and related clearing expenses are recorded on a trade-date basis.

    Investment banking revenues include fees earned from providing merger-and-acquisition and financial restructuring advisory services and from private and public offerings of debt and equity securities. Investment

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — CONTINUED
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

    banking fees are recorded upon the closing of the transaction, when it can be determined that the fees have been irrevocably earned.

    Investment advisory fees are received quarterly, in advance, but are recognized as earned on a pro rata basis over the term of the contract.

    Dividends are recorded on an ex-dividend date basis and interest is recorded on an accrual basis.

    Ladenburg and its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return and certain combined state and local income tax returns. The amount of current and deferred taxes payable or refundable is recognized as of the date of the financial statements, utilizing currently enacted tax laws and rates. Deferred tax expenses or benefits are recognized in the financial statements for the changes in deferred tax liabilities or assets between years. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. As of June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003, the valuation allowance was approximately $22,000 and $20,638, respectively.

    Depreciation of furniture and equipment is provided by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

    SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities,” requires that a cost associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized and measured initially at its fair value in the period in which the liability is incurred. For operating leases, a liability for costs that will continue to be incurred under the lease for its remaining term without economic benefit to the entity shall be recognized and measured at its fair value when the entity ceases using the right conveyed by the lease (the “cease-use date”). The fair value of the liability at the “cease-use date” shall be determined based on the remaining lease rentals, reduced by estimated sublease rentals that could be reasonably obtained for the property. (See Note 6.)

    SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, SFAS No. 148 amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. The Company has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 148.

    SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” allows the use of the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. Alternatively, SFAS No. 123 allows entities to continue to apply the intrinsic value method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees”, and related interpretations and provide pro forma disclosures of net income (loss) and income (loss) per share, as if the fair value based method of accounting had been applied to employee awards. As permitted by SFAS No. 123, the Company continues to account for such compensation under APB No. 25 and related interpretations, pursuant to which no compensation cost has been recognized in connection with the issuance of stock options, as all options granted under the employee incentive plan had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The following table illustrates the effect on the Company’s net loss for the three and six -month periods ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, had the Company elected to recognize compensation expense for the stock option plan, consistent with the method prescribed by SFAS No. 123.

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — CONTINUED
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

                                 
    Three Months Ended   Six Months Ended
    June 30,
  June 30,
    2004
  2003
  2004
  2003
Net loss, as reported
  $ (2,506 )   $ (762 )   $ (4,665 )   $ (3,831 )
 
                               
Stock-based employee compensation determined under the fair value based method
    (393 )     (418 )     (844 )     (800 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
                               
Pro forma net loss
  $ (2,899 )   $ (1,180 )   $ (5,509 )   $ (4,631 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
                               
Net loss per Common Share (basic and diluted), as reported
  $ (0.06 )   $ (0.02 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.09 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
                               
Pro forma net loss per Common Share (basic and diluted)
  $ (0.07 )   $ (0.03 )   $ (0.13 )   $ (0.11 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

    During the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, options and warrants to purchase 10,686,890 and 2,709,572 common shares, and during both the 2004 and 2003 periods, 11,296,747 common shares issuable upon the conversion of notes payable, were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share as the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

    During the six months ended June 30, 2004, options to purchase 5,249,500 shares of common stock were granted. The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during the first and second quarters of 2004 was $0.70 and $0.92, respectively, estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

                 
    First Quarter 2004
  Second Quarter 2004
Risk free interest rate
    3.83 %     4.72 %
Volatility
    110.70 %     100.23 %
Dividend yield
    0       0  
Expected lives
  10 years   10 years

3.   Securities Owned and Securities Sold, But Not Yet Purchased

    The components of securities owned and securities sold, but not yet purchased, as of June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003 are as follows:

                 
            Securities Sold,
    Securities   But Not
June 30, 2004
  Owned
  Yet Purchased
Common stock
  $ 1,072     $ 116  
Government and government agency bonds
    48        
Municipal obligations
    3        
Corporate bonds
    47       5  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
  $ 1,170     $ 121  
 
   
 
     
 
 

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LADENBURG THALMANN FINANCIAL SERVICES INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — CONTINUED
(Dollars in Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

                 
December 31, 2003
               
Common stock
  $ 760     $ 4,065  
Equity and index options
    59        
Municipal obligations
    56        
Corporate bonds
    138       5  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
  $ 1,013     $ 4,070  
 
   
 
     
 
 

    As of June 30, 2004 and December 31, 2003, approximately $1,033 and $960, respectively, of the securities owned are deposited with the Company’s clearing broker and, pursuant to the agreement, the securities may be sold or re-hypothecated by the clearing broker.

4.   Shareholders’ Equity