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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

     
þ   QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2004

OR

     
o   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM __________ TO __________

Commission File Number: 1-14267

REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
     
DELAWARE
(State of Incorporation)
  65-0716904
(IRS Employer Identification No.)
     
110 S.E. 6TH STREET, 28TH FLOOR
FT. LAUDERDALE, FLORIDA

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
  33301
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (954) 769-2400

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes   x   No    o

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes   x   No    o

     On July 30, 2004, the registrant had outstanding 151,827,058 shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share.



 


Table of Contents

REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC.

INDEX

             
        Page
  PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION        
 
           
  Financial Statements        
 
           
  Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2004 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2003.     3  
 
           
  Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended
June 30, 2004 and 2003.
    4  
 
           
  Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2004.     5  
 
           
  Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2004 and 2003.     6  
 
           
  Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.     7  
 
           
ITEM 2.
  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     23  
 
           
ITEM 3.
  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.     35  
 
           
ITEM 4.
  Controls and Procedures.     35  
 
           
  PART II. OTHER INFORMATION        
 
           
ITEM 2.
  Changes in Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.     36  
 
           
ITEM 4.
  Submission of Matters to a Vote by Security Holders.     36  
 
           
ITEM 6.
  Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K.     37  
 CEO Certification Pursuant to Section 302
 CFO Certification Pursuant to Section 302
 CEO Certification Pursuant to Section 906
 CFO Certification Pursuant to Section 906

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except share data)
                 
    June 30,   December 31,
    2004
  2003
    (Unaudited)        
ASSETS
               
CURRENT ASSETS:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 65.7     $ 119.2  
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $16.1 and $19.0, respectively
    269.2       248.9  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    76.2       182.1  
Deferred tax assets
    8.4       5.8  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total Current Assets
    419.5       556.0  
RESTRICTED CASH
    220.9       215.0  
RESTRICTED MARKETABLE SECURITIES
    38.1       182.4  
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
    1,965.0       1,931.0  
GOODWILL, NET
    1,566.0       1,558.1  
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
    25.0       25.0  
OTHER ASSETS
    87.3       86.6  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
  $ 4,321.8     $ 4,554.1  
 
   
 
     
 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 111.9     $ 129.1  
Accrued liabilities
    128.9       118.6  
Deferred revenue
    90.9       88.5  
Notes payable and current maturities of long-term debt
    2.4       231.1  
Other current liabilities
    103.1       104.7  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total Current Liabilities
    437.2       672.0  
LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF CURRENT MATURITIES
    1,296.9       1,289.2  
ACCRUED LANDFILL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND LEGAL COSTS
    238.5       225.5  
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES
    384.7       353.5  
OTHER LIABILITIES
    124.4       109.4  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
               
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
               
Preferred stock, par value $.01 per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
           
Common stock, par value $.01 per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; 184,799,268 and 183,431,611 issued, including shares held in treasury, respectively
    1.8       1.8  
Additional paid-in capital
    1,378.3       1,347.8  
Deferred compensation
    (1.7 )      
Retained earnings
    1,138.7       1,039.3  
Treasury stock, at cost (32,664,200 and 25,604,100 shares, respectively)
    (677.0 )     (484.3 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax
          (.1 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
Total Stockholders’ Equity
    1,840.1       1,904.5  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
  $ 4,321.8     $ 4,554.1  
 
   
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in millions, except per share data)
                                 
    Three Months Ended    Six Months Ended 
    June 30,
  June 30,
    2004
  2003
  2004
  2003
REVENUE
  $ 683.2     $ 637.3     $ 1,320.5     $ 1,231.9  
EXPENSES:
                               
Cost of operations
    431.2       399.3       834.7       767.0  
Depreciation, amortization and depletion
    65.5       59.4       123.5       116.2  
Accretion
    3.4       3.1       6.7       6.2  
Selling, general and administrative
    66.9       62.0       129.4       123.6  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
OPERATING INCOME
    116.2       113.5       226.2       218.9  
INTEREST EXPENSE
    (19.2 )     (19.8 )     (39.9 )     (40.2 )
INTEREST INCOME
    1.4       2.3       3.4       4.5  
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET
    (.2 )     1.5       .3       2.3  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
    98.2       97.5       190.0       185.5  
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
    37.3       37.1       72.2       70.5  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
INCOME BEFORE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES
    60.9       60.4       117.8       115.0  
CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES, NET OF TAX
                      (37.8 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
NET INCOME
  $ 60.9     $ 60.4     $ 117.8     $ 77.2  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE:
                               
Before cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles
  $ .40     $ .38     $ .76     $ .71  
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax
                      (.23 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Basic earnings per share
  $ .40     $ .38     $ .76     $ .48  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding
    153.1       160.7       154.6       161.4  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE:
                               
Before cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles
  $ .39     $ .37     $ .75     $ .70  
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax
                      (.23 )
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Diluted earnings per share
  $ .39     $ .37     $ .75     $ .47  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding
    155.7       162.5       157.0       162.9  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
CASH DIVIDENDS PER COMMON SHARE
  $ .06     $     $ .12     $  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in millions)
                                                                 
    Common Stock
                                  Accumulated    
                    Additional                           Other   Comprehensive
    Shares,   Par   Paid-In   Deferred   Retained   Treasury   Comprehensive   Income
    Net
  Value
  Capital
  Compensation
  Earnings
  Stock
  Income (Loss)
  For the Period
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2003
    157.8     $ 1.8     $ 1,347.8     $     $ 1,039.3     $ (484.3 )   $ (.1 )        
Net income
                            117.8                 $ 117.8  
Cash dividends
                            (18.4 )                  
Issuance of common stock
    1.4             27.9                                
Issuance of restricted stock and deferred stock units
                2.6       (2.6 )                        
Amortization of deferred compensation
                      .9                          
Purchase of common stock for treasury
    (7.1 )                             (192.7 )            
Change in value of investments, net of tax
                                        .1       .1  
 
                                                           
 
 
Total comprehensive income
                                            $ 117.9  
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2004
    152.1     $ 1.8     $ 1,378.3     $ (1.7 )   $ 1,138.7     $ (677.0 )   $          
 
   
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
         

The accompanying notes are an integral part of this statement.

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REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)
                 
    Six Months Ended
    June 30,
    2004
  2003
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
               
Net income
  $ 117.8     $ 77.2  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
    74.8       69.1  
Landfill depletion and amortization
    46.0       44.6  
Amortization of intangible and other assets
    2.7       2.5  
Accretion
    6.7       6.2  
Amortization of deferred compensation
    .9        
Deferred tax provision
    28.7       25.3  
Provision for doubtful accounts
    1.4       4.6  
Income tax benefit from stock option exercises
    5.8       3.1  
Other non-cash charges
    .2       (2.0 )
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax
          37.8  
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of effects from business acquisitions and dispositions:
               
Accounts receivable
    (21.4 )     (31.2 )
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    99.8       (3.7 )
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    (9.5 )     (20.3 )
Other liabilities
    8.0       39.1  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
    361.9       252.3  
 
   
 
     
 
 
CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Purchases of property and equipment
    (118.0 )     (88.1 )
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment
    2.6       2.9  
Cash used in business acquisitions, net of cash acquired
    (37.6 )     (18.2 )
Cash proceeds from business dispositions
          3.2  
Amounts due and contingent payments to former owners
    (2.1 )     (3.9 )
Change in restricted cash
    (5.2 )     (17.8 )
Change in restricted marketable securities
    144.3        
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
    (16.0 )     (121.9 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
CASH USED IN FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Proceeds from notes payable and long-term debt
    32.5       36.3  
Payments of notes payable and long-term debt
    (245.5 )     (1.6 )
Issuance of common stock
    24.7       27.8  
Purchases of common stock for treasury
    (192.7 )     (86.8 )
Dividends
    (18.4 )      
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
    (399.4 )     (24.3 )
 
   
 
     
 
 
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
    (53.5 )     106.1  
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD
    119.2       141.5  
 
   
 
     
 
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD
  $ 65.7     $ 247.6  
 
   
 
     
 
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

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REPUBLIC SERVICES, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(All tables in millions, except per share data)

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

     Republic Services, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a leading provider of non-hazardous solid waste collection and disposal services in the United States.

     The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain information related to the Company’s organization, significant accounting policies and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted. In the opinion of management, these Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all material adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to fairly state the financial position and the results of operations for the periods presented, and the disclosures herein are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for a full year. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto appearing in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.

     The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and necessarily include amounts based on estimates and assumptions made by management. Actual results could differ from these amounts. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include the depletion and amortization of landfill development costs, liabilities for final capping, closure and post-closure costs, valuation allowances for accounts receivable, liabilities for potential litigation, claims and assessments, and liabilities for environmental remediation, deferred taxes and self-insurance.

     As of January 1, 2003, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations” (“SFAS 143”). SFAS 143 required the Company to change the methodology it used to record final capping, closure and post-closure costs relating to its landfills. As of January 1, 2003, the Company recorded an after-tax expense of $20.8 million, or $33.6 million on a pre-tax basis, as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle resulting from the adoption of SFAS 143. In addition, the Company also recorded an after-tax expense of $17.0 million, or $27.4 million on a pre-tax basis, as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle for its methane gas collection systems. This change in accounting for methane gas collection systems was prompted by a thorough evaluation of the Company’s landfill accounting policies in connection with the adoption of SFAS 143 and is consistent with the methodology used by other participants in the waste industry.

     In January 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Interpretation 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities"(“FIN 46”). FIN 46 introduced a new consolidation model which determines control and consolidation based upon the majority beneficiary of the potential variability in gains and losses of the entity being evaluated. This interpretation was effective for all variable interest entities beginning March 31, 2004. The Company evaluated its organizational structure and concluded that FIN 46 has no impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

     There are no other new accounting pronouncements that are significant to the Company.

     At June 30, 2004, the Company had $38.1 million of restricted marketable securities held as financial guarantees. These securities consist of mutual funds invested in short-term investment grade securities, including mortgage-backed securities and U.S. Government obligations. These securities are available for sale and, as a result, are stated at fair value based on quoted market prices. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2004, the

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Company recorded a $(.3) million and $ .1 million unrealized gain (loss), net of tax, to other comprehensive income related to the change in fair value of these securities.

2. ACCRUED LANDFILL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND LEGAL COSTS

Landfill, Environmental and Legal Costs

     A summary of liabilities recorded for landfill, environmental and legal costs is as follows:

                 
    June 30,   December 31,
    2004
  2003
Landfill final capping, closure and post-closure costs
  $ 213.8     $ 204.7  
Remediation
    55.1       54.7  
Environmental and legal costs
    3.6       3.7  
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
    272.5       263.1  
Less: Current portion (included in other current liabilities)
    34.0       37.6  
 
   
 
     
 
 
Long-term portion
  $ 238.5     $ 225.5  
 
   
 
     
 
 

Life Cycle Accounting

     The Company uses life cycle accounting and the units-of-consumption method to recognize certain landfill costs over the life of the site. In life cycle accounting, all costs to acquire and construct a site are capitalized, and charged to expense based upon the consumption of cubic yards of available airspace. Costs and airspace estimates are developed annually by engineers. These estimates are used by the Company’s operating and accounting personnel to annually adjust the Company’s rates used to expense capitalized costs. Changes in these estimates primarily relate to changes in available airspace, inflation and applicable regulations. Changes in available airspace include changes due to the addition of airspace lying in probable expansion areas.

Total Available Disposal Capacity

     As of June 30, 2004, the Company owned or operated 58 active solid waste landfills with total available disposal capacity of approximately 1.8 billion in-place cubic yards. Total available disposal capacity represents the sum of estimated permitted airspace plus an estimate of expansion airspace that the Company believes has a probable likelihood of ultimately being permitted.

Probable Expansion Airspace

     Before airspace included in an expansion area is determined as probable expansion airspace and, therefore, included in the Company’s calculation of total available disposal capacity, the following criteria must be met:

  1.   The land associated with the expansion airspace is either owned by the Company or is controlled by the Company pursuant to an option agreement;

  2.   The Company is committed to supporting the expansion project financially and with appropriate resources;

  3.   There are no identified fatal flaws or impediments associated with the project, including political impediments;

  4.   Progress is being made on the project;

  5.   The expansion is attainable within a reasonable time frame; and

  6.   The Company believes it is likely the expansion permit will be received.

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     Upon meeting the Company’s expansion criteria, the rates used at each applicable landfill to expense or accrue costs to acquire, construct, cap, close and maintain a site during the post-closure period are adjusted to include probable expansion airspace. These rates are also adjusted to include all additional costs to be capitalized or accrued associated with the expansion airspace.

     The Company has identified three steps that landfills generally follow to obtain expansion permits. These steps are as follows:

  1.   Obtaining approval from local authorities;

  2.   Submitting a permit application with state authorities; and

  3.   Obtaining permit approval from state authorities.

     Once a landfill meets the Company’s expansion criteria, management continuously monitors each site’s progress in obtaining the expansion permit. If at any point it is determined that an expansion area no longer meets the required criteria, the probable expansion airspace is removed from the landfill’s total available capacity and the rates used at the landfill to expense costs to acquire, construct, cap, close and maintain a site during the post-closure period are adjusted accordingly.

     During the three months ended June 30, 2004, the Company reclassified 70.3 million cubic yards of available airspace related to a certain landfill from permitted airspace to expansion airspace. The expansion airspace may require a conditional use permit from the local municipality, which the Company currently does not possess. Based upon an evaluation of facts at this time, the Company believes that this matter will be resolved in its favor. The Company also believes that the expansion airspace continues to meet its criteria for inclusion in total available disposal capacity. If this matter is not resolved in the Company’s favor, the expansion airspace would not meet the Company’s criteria for inclusion in total available disposal capacity. This could result in a non-cash impairment charge, the amount of which cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. See Note 3, Property and Equipment, of the Notes to the Company’s Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of asset impairments.

Capitalized Landfill Costs

     Capitalized landfill costs include expenditures for land, permitting costs, cell construction costs and environmental structures. Capitalized permitting and cell construction costs are limited to direct costs relating to these activities, including legal, engineering and construction associated with excavation, liners and site berms. Interest is capitalized on landfill construction projects while the assets are undergoing activities to ready them for their intended use. Capitalized landfill costs also include final capping, closure and post-closure assets accrued in accordance with SFAS 143 as discussed below.

     Costs related to acquiring land, excluding the estimated residual value of unpermitted, non-buffer land, and costs related to permitting and cell construction are depleted as airspace is consumed using the units-of-consumption method.

     Capitalized landfill costs may also include an allocation of purchase price paid for landfills. For landfills purchased as part of a group of several assets, the purchase price assigned to the landfill is determined based upon the discounted future expected cash flows of the landfill relative to the other assets within the group. If the landfill meets the Company’s expansion criteria, the purchase price is further allocated between permitted airspace and expansion airspace based upon the ratio of permitted versus probable expansion airspace to total available airspace. Landfill purchase price is amortized using the units-of-consumption method over the total available airspace including probable expansion airspace where appropriate.

Final Capping, Closure and Post-Closure Costs

     The Company accounts for final capping, closure and post-closure in accordance with SFAS 143.

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     The Company has future obligations for final capping, closure and post-closure costs with respect to the landfills it owns or operates as set forth in applicable landfill permits. Final capping, closure and post-closure costs include estimated costs to be incurred for final capping and closure of landfills and estimated costs for providing required post-closure monitoring and maintenance of landfills. The permit requirements are based on the Subtitle C and Subtitle D regulations of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), as implemented and applied on a state-by-state basis. Obligations associated with monitoring and controlling methane gas migration and emissions are set forth in applicable landfill permits and these requirements are based upon the provisions of the Clean Air Act of 1970, as amended. Final capping typically includes installing flexible membrane and geosynthetic clay liners, drainage and compact soil layers, and topsoil, and is constructed over an area of the landfill where total airspace capacity has been consumed and waste disposal operations have ceased. These final capping activities occur throughout the operating life of a landfill. Other closure activities and post-closure activities occur after the entire landfill ceases to accept waste and closes. These activities involve methane gas control, leachate management and groundwater monitoring, surface water monitoring and control, and other operational and maintenance activities that occur after the site ceases to accept waste. The post-closure period generally runs for up to 30 years after final site closure for municipal solid waste landfills and a shorter period for construction and demolition landfills and inert landfills.

     Estimates of future expenditures for final capping, closure and post-closure are developed annually by engineers. These estimates are reviewed by management at least annually and are used by the Company’s operating and accounting personnel to adjust the rates used to capitalize and amortize these costs. These estimates involve projections of costs that will be incurred during the remaining life of the landfill for final capping activities, after the landfill ceases operations and during the legally required post-closure monitoring period. Additionally, the Company currently retains post-closure responsibility for several closed landfills.

     Under SFAS 143, a liability for an asset retirement obligation must be recognized in the period in which it is incurred and should be initially measured at fair value. Absent quoted market prices, the estimate of fair value should be based on the best available information, including the results of present value techniques in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 7, “Using Cash Flow and Present Value in Accounting Measurements” (“SFAC 7”). The offset to the liability must be capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Changes in the liability due to the passage of time are recognized as operating items in the income statement and are referred to as accretion expense. Changes in the liability due to revisions to estimated future cash flows are recognized by increasing or decreasing the liability with the offset adjusting the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset.

     In applying the provisions of SFAS 143, the Company has concluded that a landfill’s asset retirement obligation includes estimates of all costs related to final capping, closure and post-closure. Costs associated with a landfill’s daily maintenance activities during the operating life of the landfill, such as leachate disposal, groundwater and gas monitoring, and other pollution control activities, are charged to expense as incurred. In addition, costs historically accounted for as capital expenditures during the operating life of a landfill, such as cell development costs, are capitalized when incurred, and charged to expense using life cycle accounting and the units-of-consumption method based on the consumption of cubic yards of available airspace.

     The Company defines final capping as activities required to permanently cover a portion of a landfill that has been completely filled with waste. Final capping occurs in phases throughout the life of a landfill as specific areas are filled to capacity and the final elevation for that specific area is reached in accordance with the provisions of the operating permit. The Company considers final capping events to be discrete activities that are recognized as asset retirement obligations separately from other closure and post-closure obligations. These capping events occur generally during the operating life of a landfill and can be associated with waste actually placed under an area to be capped. As a result, the Company uses a separate rate per ton for recognizing the principal amount of the liability associated with each capping event. The Company amortizes the asset recorded pursuant to this approach as waste volume equivalent to the capacity covered by the capping event is placed into the landfill based upon the consumption of cubic yards of available airspace covered by the capping event.

     The Company recognizes asset retirement obligations and the related amortization expense for closure and post-closure (excluding obligations for final capping) using the units-of-consumption method over the total remaining capacity of the landfill. The total remaining capacity includes probable expansion airspace.

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     In general, the Company engages third parties to perform most of its final capping, closure and post-closure activities. Accordingly, the fair market value of these obligations is based upon quoted and actual prices paid for similar work. The Company does intend to perform some of its final capping, closure and post-closure obligations using internal resources. Where internal resources are expected to be used to fulfill an asset retirement obligation, the Company has added a profit margin onto the estimated cost of such services to better reflect their fair market value as required by SFAS 143. These services primarily relate to managing construction activities during final capping, and maintenance activities during closure and post-closure. If the Company does perform these services internally, the added profit margin would be recognized as a component of operating income in the period the obligation is settled.

     SFAC 7 states that an estimate of fair value should include the price that marketplace participants are able to receive for bearing the uncertainties in cash flows. However, when utilizing discounted cash flow techniques, reliable estimates of market premiums may not be obtainable. In this situation, SFAC 7 indicates that it is not necessary to consider a market risk premium in the determination of expected cash flows. While the cost of asset retirement obligations associated with final capping, closure and post-closure can be quantified and estimated, there is not an active market that can be utilized to determine the fair value of these activities. In the case of the waste industry, no market exists for selling the responsibility for final capping, closure and post-closure independent of selling the landfill in its entirety. Accordingly, the Company believes that it is not possible to develop a methodology to reliably estimate a market risk premium and has excluded a market risk premium from its determination of expected cash flow for landfill asset retirement obligations in accordance with SFAC 7.

     The Company’s estimates of costs to discharge asset retirement obligations for landfills are developed in today’s dollars. These costs are inflated each year to reflect a normal escalation of prices up to the year they are expected to be paid. The Company uses a 2.5% inflation rate, which is based on a ten-year historical moving average of the U.S. Consumer Price Index and is the rate used by most waste industry participants.

     These estimated costs are then discounted to their present value using a credit-adjusted, risk-free rate. The Company’s credit-adjusted, risk-free rate was determined to be 6.50% and 6.75% for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003, respectively, based upon the estimated all-in yield the Company believes it would need to offer to sell thirty-year debt in the public market. Changes in asset retirement obligations due to the passage of time are measured by recognizing accretion expense in a manner that results in a constant effective interest rate applied to the average carrying amount of the liability. The effective interest rate used to calculate accretion expense is the Company’s credit-adjusted, risk-free rate.

     In accordance with SFAS 143, changes due to revision of the estimates of the amount or timing of the original undiscounted cash flows used to record a liability are recognized by increasing or decreasing the carrying amount of the asset retirement obligation liability and the carrying amount of the related asset. Upward revisions in the amount of undiscounted estimated cash flows used to record a liability must be discounted using the credit-adjusted, risk-free rate in effect at the time of the change. Downward revisions in the amount of undiscounted estimated cash flows used to record a liability must be discounted using the credit-adjusted, risk-free rate that existed when the original liability was recognized.

     The Company reviews its calculations with respect to landfill asset retirement obligations at least annually. If there is a significant change in the facts and circumstances related to a landfill during the year, the Company will review its calculations for the landfill as soon as practical after the significant change has occurred. During the three months ended March 31, 2004, the Company completed its annual review and recorded a $2.6 million net reduction in operating costs primarily related to changes in estimates and assumptions concerning the cost and timing of future final capping, closure and post-closure activities.

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     The following table summarizes the activity in the Company’s asset retirement obligation liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2004 and 2003:

                 
    Six Months
    Ended June 30,
    2004
  2003
Asset retirement obligation liability, beginning of year
  $ 204.7     $ 196.9  
Cumulative effect of change in account principle
          (14.5 )
Additions incurred during the period
    9.4       8.6  
Revisions in estimates of future cash flows
    (3.1 )      
Acquisitions during the period