SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-K
FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS
PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
(Mark One)
| þ | Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 |
OR
| o | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from ______________ to ______________ |
Commission File Number 000-14993
CARMIKE CINEMAS, INC.
| Delaware | 58-1469127 | |
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
| 1301 First Avenue, Columbus, Georgia | 31901 | |
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | (Zip Code) |
(706) 576-3400
(Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, par value $.03 per share
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes o No þ
As of March 15, 2004, 12,088,512 shares of Common Stock were outstanding. The aggregate market value of the shares of Common Stock, par value $.03 per share, held by non-affiliates was approximately $281,035,603.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Specified portions of Carmike Cinemas, Inc.s Proxy Statement relating to the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III.
Table of Contents
| * | Incorporated by reference from Proxy Statement relating to the 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. |
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
Overview
We are one of the largest motion picture exhibitors in the United States. As of December 31, 2003, we owned, operated or had an interest in 299 theatres with 2,253 screens located in 35 states, making us the second largest exhibitor in the country by number of theatres and the fourth largest by number of screens. We owned 70 of these theatres, leased 225 of these theatres and operated an additional four theatres under shared ownership. Of our 299 theatres, 259 show films on a first-run basis and 40 are discount theatres.
We target small- to mid-size non-urban markets. More than 80% of our theatres are located in communities with populations of fewer than 100,000 people. We believe there are several benefits of operating in small- to mid-size markets, including:
| | Less competition from other exhibitors. We believe a majority of our theatres have limited competition for patrons. We believe most of our markets are already adequately screened and our smaller markets in particular cannot support significantly more screens. In addition, because most of our principal competitors are focused on building megaplexes, we do not expect many of our markets to be targeted by our competitors for new theatres. | |||
| | Lower operating costs. We believe that we benefit from lower labor, occupancy and maintenance costs than most other large exhibitors. For example, as of December 31, 2003, approximately 48% of our hourly employees worked for the federal minimum wage. Additionally, we own 70, or approximately 23%, of our theatres, which we believe provides us with further cost benefits. We believe the percentage of our owned theatres is among the highest of the large public theatre exhibitors. | |||
| | Fewer alternative entertainment opportunities. In our typical markets, patrons have fewer entertainment alternatives than in larger markets, where options such as professional sports and cultural events are more likely to be available. | |||
| | Greater access to film product. We believe we are the sole exhibitor in 74.4% of our film licensing zones, which we believe provides us with greater flexibility in selecting films that meet the preferences of patrons in our markets. | |||
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The following table sets forth geographic information regarding our theatre circuit as of December 31, 2003:
| State |
Theatres |
Screens |
State |
Theatres |
Screens |
|||||||||||||||
Alabama |
17 | 152 | New Mexico | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||||||
Arkansas |
10 | 88 | New York | 1 | 8 | |||||||||||||||
Colorado |
8 | 57 | North Carolina | 36 | 296 | |||||||||||||||
Delaware |
1 | 14 | North Dakota | 7 | 40 | |||||||||||||||
Florida |
10 | 80 | Ohio | 6 | 39 | |||||||||||||||
Georgia |
27 | 226 | Oklahoma | 10 | 52 | |||||||||||||||
Idaho |
4 | 17 | Pennsylvania | 25 | 189 | |||||||||||||||
Illinois |
2 | 6 | South Carolina | 14 | 102 | |||||||||||||||
Iowa |
9 | 87 | South Dakota | 5 | 35 | |||||||||||||||
Kansas |
1 | 12 | Tennessee | 28 | 224 | |||||||||||||||
Kentucky |
10 | 51 | Texas | 12 | 91 | |||||||||||||||
Louisiana |
3 | 22 | Utah | 3 | 39 | |||||||||||||||
Maryland |
1 | 8 | Virginia | 10 | 67 | |||||||||||||||
Michigan |
1 | 5 | Washington | 1 | 12 | |||||||||||||||
Minnesota |
9 | 76 | West Virginia | 4 | 28 | |||||||||||||||
Missouri |
1 | 8 | Wisconsin | 2 | 18 | |||||||||||||||
Montana |
13 | 74 | Wyoming | 2 | 9 | |||||||||||||||
Nebraska |
5 | 19 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Totals | 299 | 2,253 | ||||||||||||||||||
From time to time, we convert weaker performing theatres to discount theatres for the exhibition of films that have previously been shown on a first-run basis. Many of these theatres are typically in smaller markets where we are the only exhibitor in the market. At December 31, 2003, we operated 40 theatres with 165 screens as discount theatres. We also operate a very small number of theatres for the exhibition of first-run films at a reduced admission price.
We are the sole exhibitor in many of the small- to mid-size markets in which we operate. The introduction of a competing theatre in these markets could significantly impact the performance of our theatres. In addition, the type of motion pictures preferred by patrons in these markets is typically more limited than in larger markets, which increases the importance of selecting films that will appeal to patrons in our specific theatre markets.
Theatre Development and Operations
Development
We carefully review small- to mid-size markets to evaluate the return on capital of opportunities to build new theatres or renovate our existing theatres. The circumstances under which we believe we are best positioned to benefit from building new theatres are in markets in which:
| | we believe building a new theatre provides an attractive cash flow opportunity; | |||
| | we already operate a theatre and could best protect that theatre by expanding our presence; | |||
or
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| | a film licensing zone is currently underserved by an exhibitor. |
In general, we do not believe that building theatres in film licensing zones in which competitors operate provides attractive investment opportunities for us.
Our bankruptcy, as discussed below under the caption Our Reorganization, and the excessive number of screens resulting from the industrys overbuilding of theatres in the last few years have been significant influences on our current growth strategy. We opened two theatres during the year ended December 31, 2003. If opportunities exist where new construction will be profitable to us, we will consider building additional theatres in future periods. From our bankruptcy through December 31, 2003, we closed 33% of our theatres. We continuously analyze our theatres and evaluate approaches to optimize our portfolio.
The following table shows information about the changes in our theatre circuit during the periods presented:
| Average | ||||||||||||
| Screens/ | ||||||||||||
| Theatres |
Screens |
Theatre |
||||||||||
Total at December 31, 2000 |
352 | 2,438 | 6.9 | |||||||||
New Construction |
1 | 16 | ||||||||||
Closures |
(30 | ) | (121 | ) | ||||||||
Total at December 31, 2001 |
323 | 2,333 | 7.2 | |||||||||
New Construction |
0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Closures |
(15 | ) | (71 | ) | ||||||||
Total at December 31, 2002 |
308 | 2,262 | 7.3 | |||||||||
New Construction |
2 | 31 | ||||||||||
Closures |
(11 | ) | (40 | ) | ||||||||
Total at December 31, 2003 |
299 | 2,253 | 7.5 | |||||||||
Operations
Our theatre operations are under the supervision of our Chief Operating Officer, General Manager of Operations and four division managers. The division managers are responsible for implementing our operating policies and supervising our eighteen operating districts. Each operating district has a district manager who is responsible for overseeing the day-to-day operations of our theatres. Corporate policy development, strategic planning, site selection and lease negotiation, theatre design and construction, concession purchasing, film licensing, advertising, and financial and accounting activities are centralized at our corporate headquarters.
We have an incentive bonus program for theatre level management, which provides for bonuses based on incremental improvements in theatre profitability, including concession sales. As part of this program, we evaluate mystery shopper reports on the quality of service, cleanliness and film presentation at individual theatres.
Box office admissions. The majority of our revenues come from the sale of movie tickets. For the year ended December 31, 2003, box office admissions totaled $332.1 million, or 67% of total revenues. At December 31, 2003, of our 299 theatres, 259 showed first-run films, which we
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license from distributors owned by the major studios, as well as from independent distributors. The remaining 40 of our theatres featured pictures at a discount price.
Most of the tickets we sell are sold at our theatre box offices immediately before the start of a picture. As of December 31, 2003, at 38 of our theatres, patrons can buy tickets in advance either over the phone or on the Internet. These alternate sales methods do not currently represent a meaningful portion of our revenues, nor are they expected to be in the near term.
Concessions. Concession sales are our second largest revenue source after box office admissions, constituting 30% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003. Our strategy emphasizes quick and efficient service built around a limited menu primarily focused on higher margin items such as popcorn, candy and soft drinks. In addition, in a limited number of markets, we offer bottled water, frozen drinks, coffee, ice cream, hot dogs and pretzels in order to respond to competitive conditions. We actively seek to promote concession sales through the design and appearance of our concession stands, the introduction of special promotions from time to time, by reducing wait times and by training our employees to up-sell products. In addition, our management incentive bonus program includes concession results as a component of determining the bonus awards. We manage all inventory purchasing centrally with authority required from our central office before orders may be placed.
During 2003, we purchased substantially all of our concession supplies and janitorial supplies from Showtime Concession, except for beverage supplies. We are by far the largest customer of Showtime Concession. Our current agreement with Showtime Concession will expire on December 8, 2006. If this relationship were disrupted, we could be forced to negotiate a number of substitute arrangements with alternative vendors which are likely to be, in the aggregate, less favorable to us than the current arrangement.
During 2003, we purchased our beverage supplies from The Coca-Cola Company. Our current agreement with The Coca-Cola Company will expire on June 30, 2004. Under the agreement, The Coca-Cola Company may raise beverage supply costs and, in fact, has increased such costs by 3.3% beginning January 31, 2004 through the term of the agreement. If beverage supply costs are increased at a higher rate or we are unable to negotiate favorable terms with The Coca-Cola Company or a competing beverage supplier when the agreement is up for renewal, our margins on concessions may be negatively impacted.
Other revenues. Most of our theatres include electronic video games located in or adjacent to the lobby. We also generate revenues through on-screen advertising on all of our screens. We operate two family entertainment centers under the name Hollywood Connection® which feature multiplex theatres and other forms of family entertainment. These revenue streams comprised the remaining 3% of our revenue generation for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Film Licensing
We obtain licenses to exhibit films by directly negotiating with film distributors. We license films through our booking office located in Columbus, Georgia. Our Senior Vice President - Film, in consultation with our Chief Executive Officer, directs our motion picture bookings.
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Prior to negotiating for a film license, our Senior Vice President - Film and film-booking personnel evaluate the prospects for upcoming films. The criteria considered for each film include cast, director, plot, performance of similar films, estimated film rental costs and expected MPAA rating. Because we only license a portion of newly released first-run films, our success in licensing depends greatly upon the availability of commercially popular motion pictures, but also upon our knowledge of the preferences of patrons in our markets and insight into trends in those preferences. We maintain a database that includes revenue information on films previously exhibited in our markets. We use this historical information to match new films with particular markets so as to maximize revenues. The table below depicts the industrys top 10 films for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to our top 10 films for the same period, based on reported gross receipts:
| Industry |
Carmike Cinemas |
|||||||
1.
|
Finding Nemo | 1. | Finding Nemo | |||||
2.
|
Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl | 2. | Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl | |||||
3.
|
The Matrix Reloaded | 3. | Bruce Almighty | |||||
4.
|
Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King | 4. | The Matrix Reloaded | |||||
5.
|
Bruce Almighty | 5. | X2: X-Men United | |||||
6.
|
X2: X-men United | 6. | Lord of the Rings: The Return on the King | |||||
7.
|
Elf | 7. | Elf | |||||
8.
|
Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines | 8. | Anger Management | |||||
9.
|
Bad Boys II | 9. | 2 Fast 2 Furious | |||||
10.
|
The Matrix Revolutions | 10. | The Hulk |
Film Rental Fees
We typically enter into licenses that provide for rental fees based on either firm terms established prior to the opening of the picture or on a mutually agreed settlement upon the conclusion of the film run. Under a firm terms formula, we pay the distributor a specified percentage of the box office receipts, and this percentage declines over the term of the run. Firm term film rental fees are generally the greater of (1) 60 to 70% of gross box office receipts, gradually declining to as low as 30% over a period of four to seven weeks or (2) a specified percentage (e.g., 90%) of the excess gross box office receipts over a negotiated allowance for theatre expenses (commonly known as a 90-10 arrangement). The settlement process allows for negotiation based upon how a film actually performs. A firm terms agreement could result in lower than anticipated film rent if the film outperforms expectations especially with respect to the films run and, conversely, there is a downside risk when the film underperforms.
Film Licensing Zones
Film licensing zones are geographic areas established by film distributors where any given film is allocated to only one theatre within that area. In our markets, these zones generally encompass three to five miles. In film licensing zones where we have little or no competition, we obtain film licenses by selecting a film from among those offered and negotiating directly with the distributor. In competitive film licensing zones, a distributor will allocate its films among the exhibitors in the zone. When films are licensed under the allocation process, a
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distributor will choose which exhibitor is offered a movie and then that exhibitor will negotiate film rental terms directly with the distributor for the film.
Relationship With Distributors
We depend on, among other things, the quality, quantity, availability and acceptance by movie-going customers of the motion pictures produced by the motion picture production companies and licensed for exhibition to the motion picture exhibitors by distribution companies. Disruption in the production of motion pictures by the major studios and/or independent producers or poor performance of motion pictures could have an adverse effect on our business.
While there are numerous distributors that provide quality first-run movies to the motion picture exhibition industry, the following ten major distributors accounted for approximately 99.8% of our box office admissions for the year ended December 31, 2003: Buena Vista, DreamWorks, Fox, MGM/UA, Miramax, New Line Cinema, Paramount, Sony, Universal and Warner Brothers.
Management Information Systems
We have developed a proprietary computer system, which we call IQ-Zero, that is installed in each of our theatres. IQ-Zero allows us to centralize most theatre-level administrative functions at our corporate headquarters, creating significant operating leverage. IQ-Zero allows corporate management to monitor ticket and concession sales and box office and concession staffing on a daily basis, enabling our theatre managers to focus on the day-to-day operations of the theatre. In addition, it also coordinates payroll, tracks theatre invoices and generates operating reports analyzing film performance and theatre profitability. IQ-Zero also generates information we use to quickly detect theft. IQ-2000 is an enhanced version of the IQ-Zero system and has been installed in our theatres built since 1999. IQ-2000 facilitates new services such as advanced ticket sales and Internet ticket sales. Its expanded capacity will allow for future growth and more detailed data tracking and trend analysis. There is active communication between the theatres and corporate headquarters, which allows our senior management to react to vital profit and staffing information on a daily basis and perform the majority of the theatre-level administrative functions.
Competition
The motion picture exhibition industry is fragmented and highly competitive. In markets where we are not the sole exhibitor, we compete against regional and independent operators as well as the larger theatre circuit operators.
Our operations are subject to varying degrees of competition with respect to film licensing, attracting customers, obtaining new theatre sites or acquiring theatre circuits. In those areas where real estate is readily available, there are few barriers preventing competing companies from opening theatres near one of our existing theatres, which may have a material adverse effect on our theatres. Competitors have built or are planning to build theatres in certain areas in which
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we operate, which have resulted and may continue to result in excess capacity in such areas which adversely affects attendance and pricing at our theatres in such areas.
From the mid- to late-1990s, industry screen count grew faster than attendance. As a result of this rapid overbuilding, the total number of screens reached an all-time high of 37,396 in 2000, according to the MPAA. When the economics of many of these theatres became unsustainable, most major exhibitors, ourselves included, were required to restructure and to close underperforming locations. At December 31, 2003, the domestic screen count had declined to 35,786. We believe the reduction in screen count, combined with the trends described above, has meaningfully improved the economics of the film exhibition industry.
The opening of large multiplexes and theatres with stadium seating by us and certain of our competitors has tended to, and is expected to continue to, draw audiences away from certain older and smaller theatres, including theatres operated by us. In addition, demographic changes and competitive pressures can lead to a theatre location becoming impaired. However, at this time we are not aware of any such situations.
In addition to competition with other motion picture exhibitors, our theatres face competition from a number of alternative motion picture exhibition delivery systems, such as cable television, satellite and pay-per-view services and home video systems. The expansion of such delivery systems could have a material adverse effect upon our business and results of operations. We also compete for the publics leisure time and disposable income with all forms of entertainment, including sporting events, concerts, live theatre and restaurants.
Regulatory Environment
The distribution of motion pictures is in large part regulated by federal and state antitrust laws and has been the subject of numerous antitrust cases. Certain consent decrees resulting from such cases bind certain major motion picture distributors and require the motion pictures of such distributors to be offered and licensed to exhibitors, including us, on a theatre-by-theatre basis. Consequently, exhibitors such as our company cannot assure themselves of a supply of motion pictures by entering into long-term arrangements with major distributors but must compete for licenses on a film-by-film and theatre-by-theatre basis.
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which became effective in 1992, and certain state statutes and local ordinances, among other things, require that places of public accommodation, including theatres (both existing and newly constructed), be accessible to patrons with disabilities. The ADA requires that theatres be constructed to permit persons with disabilities full use of a theatre and its facilities. Also, the ADA may require certain modifications be made to existing theatres in order to make them accessible to patrons and employees who are disabled. For example, we are aware of several lawsuits that have been filed against other exhibitors by disabled moviegoers alleging that certain stadium seating designs violate the ADA.
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On June 30, 1998, we executed a settlement agreement with the U.S. Department of Justice under Title III of the ADA. Under the settlement agreement, we agreed to complete the readily achievable removal of barriers to accessibility, or alternatives to barrier removal, at two theatres in Des Moines, Iowa and to distribute to all of our theatres a questionnaire designed to assist our management in the identification of existing and potential barriers and a threshold determination of what steps might be available for removal of such existing and potential barriers. We were not required to pay any damages or fines. We continue to assess the impact of such questionnaires on our theatres. We construct new theatres to be accessible to the disabled and believe we are otherwise in substantial compliance with applicable regulations relating to accommodating the needs of the disabled. We have a Director of ADA Compliance to monitor our ADA requirements.
Our theatre operations are also subject to federal, state and local laws governing such matters as construction, renovation and operation of our theatres as well as wages, working conditions, citizenship, and health and sanitation requirements and licensing. We believe that our theatres are in material compliance with such requirements.
We own, manage and/or operate theatres and other properties which may be subject to certain U.S. federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to environmental protection, including those governing past or present releases of hazardous substances. Certain of these laws and regulations may impose joint and several liability on certain statutory classes of persons for the costs of investigation or remediation of such contamination, regardless of fault or the legality of original disposal. These persons include the present or former owner or operator of a contaminated property and companies that generated, disposed of or arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances found at the property. Other environmental laws, such as those regulating wetlands, may affect our site development activities, and some environmental laws, such as those regulating the use of fuel tanks, could affect our ongoing operations. Additionally, in the course of maintaining and renovating our theatres and other properties, we periodically encounter asbestos containing materials that must be handled and disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances. Such laws may impose liability for release of asbestos containing materials and may entitle third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury associated with asbestos containing materials. We believe that our activities are in material compliance with such requirements.
Employees
As of December 31, 2003, we had approximately 9,030 employees, of which 38 were covered by collective bargaining agreements and 7,688 were part-time. As of December 31, 2003, approximately 48% of our employees were paid at the federal minimum wage and, accordingly, the minimum wage largely determines our labor costs for those employees. We believe we are more dependent upon minimum wage employees than most other motion picture exhibitors. Although our ability to secure employees at the minimum wage in our smaller markets is advantageous to us because it lowers our labor costs, we are also more likely than other exhibitors to be immediately and adversely affected if the minimum wage is raised.
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Properties
As of December 31, 2003, we owned 70 of our theatres and leased 225 of our theatres. We operated an additional four theatres under shared ownership.
We typically enter into long-term leases that provide for the payment of fixed monthly rentals, contingent rentals based on a percentage of revenue over a specified amount and the payment of property taxes, common area maintenance, insurance and repairs. We, at our option, can renew a substantial portion of our theatre leases at the then fair rental rate for various periods with renewal periods of up to 20 years.
We own our headquarters building, which has approximately 48,500 square feet, in Columbus, Georgia. Pursuant to the terms of industrial revenue bonds which were issued in connection with the construction of the corporate office, our interest in the building is encumbered by a lien in favor of the Downtown Development Authority of Columbus, Georgia.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are involved in routine litigation and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of our business, such as personal injury claims, employment matters, contractual disputes and claims alleging ADA violations. Currently, we do not have pending any litigation or proceedings that we believe will have a material adverse effect, either individually or in the aggregate, upon us. In addition, we emerged from bankruptcy under chapter 11 on January 31, 2002. The chapter 11 filing and our subsequent reorganization are discussed under Our Reorganization.
Trademarks and Tradenames
We own or have rights to trademarks or trade names that are used in conjunction with the operations of our theatres. We own Carmike Cinemas® and Hollywood Connection® trademarks. In addition, our logo is our trademark. Coca-Cola® is a registered trademark used in this annual report on Form 10-K and is owned by and belongs to The Coca-Cola Company.
Website Access
Our website address is www.carmike.com. You may obtain free electronic copies of our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports, at our website under the heading Corporate Information. These reports are available on our website as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Our Reorganization
On August 8, 2000, we and our subsidiaries Eastwynn Theatres, Inc., Wooden Nickel Pub, Inc. and Military Services, Inc. filed voluntary petitions for relief under chapter 11 of the
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bankruptcy code. On January 4, 2002, the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware entered an order confirming our Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization Under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code, dated as of November 14, 2001. The plan of reorganization became effective on January 31, 2002.
In our reorganization, substantially all of our unsecured and partially secured liabilities as of August 8, 2000, were subject to compromise or other treatment until the plan of reorganization was confirmed by the bankruptcy court. Generally, actions to enforce or otherwise effect repayment of all pre-chapter 11 liabilities as well as all pending litigation against us were stayed while we continued our business operations as debtors-in-possession.
Background
Our reorganization resulted from a sequence of events and the unforeseen effect that these events had in the aggregate on us. Weak film performance during the summer of 2000 contributed to our lower revenues for that summer, which were significantly below our internal projections. Like our competitors, we had increased our costs by expending significant funds in building megaplexes and in making improvements to existing theatres in order to attract and accommodate larger audiences. Consequently, the effect of poor summer returns was substantial on our efforts to comply with the financial covenants under our then $200 million revolving credit facility and $75 million term loan credit agreement, which we sometimes refer to as the pre-reorganization bank facilities. On June 30, 2000, we were in technical default of certain financial covenants contained in the pre-reorganization bank facilities and were unable to negotiate amendments with the lenders to resolve these compliance issues, as we had been able to do in the past. On July 28, 2000, the agents under the pre-reorganization bank facilities issued a payment blockage notice to us and the indenture trustee for our 9 3/8% senior subordinated notes due 2009, (the Original Senior Subordinated Notes), prohibiting our payment of the semi-annual interest payment in the amount of $9.4 million due to the noteholders on August 1, 2000. Faced with, among other things, significant operating shortfalls, unavailability of credit and problems dealing with our lenders, we voluntarily filed for bankruptcy in order to continue our business.
Operations During Reorganization
We could not pay pre-petition debts without prior bankruptcy court approval during our bankruptcy case. Immediately after the commencement of our bankruptcy case, we sought and obtained several orders from the bankruptcy court which were intended to stabilize our business and enable us to continue operations as debtors-in-possession. The most significant of these orders:
| | permitted us to operate our consolidated cash management system during our bankruptcy case in substantially the same manner as it was operated prior to the commencement of our bankruptcy case; | |||
| | authorized payment of pre-petition wages, vacation pay and employee benefits and reimbursement of employee business expenses; | |||
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| | authorized payment of pre-petition sales and use taxes we owed; | |||
| | authorized us to pay up to $2.3 million of pre-petition obligations to critical vendors, common carriers and workers compensation insurance, to aid us in maintaining operation of our theatres, and $37.2 million to film distributors as set forth below; and | |||
| | authorized debt service payments for the loan related to Industrial Revenue Bonds issued by the Downtown Development Authority of Columbus, Georgia. | |||
As debtors-in-possession, we had the right during the reorganization period, subject to bankruptcy court approval and other limitations, to assume or reject executory contracts and unexpired leases on our theatres. In this context, assumption means that we agree to perform our obligations and cure all existing defaults under the contract or lease, and rejection means that we are relieved from our obligations to perform further under the contract or lease but are subject to a claim for damages for breach of the rejected contract or lease. Any damages resulting from rejection of executory contracts and unexpired leases were treated as general unsecured claims in our reorganization. During the reorganization period, we received approval from the bankruptcy court to reject theatre leases relating to 136 of our theatre locations.
As of the date of our bankruptcy petition, film distributors held claims against us aggregating approximately $37.2 million. After we commenced our bankruptcy, several distributors elected to cease supplying us with new film product until their claims against us for pre-petition film exhibition fees were paid in full. We negotiated an agreement with each of our principal film distributors to repay their pre-petition claims for film exhibition fees in full in 17 weekly installments. Based on those agreements, the film distributors began to supply us with new film product again. Our payments under the agreements began on September 18, 2000 and were concluded by December 26, 2000.
In connection with our reorganization, we reached an agreement to restructure our master lease facility, which we refer to as the Original MoviePlex Lease, with MoviePlex Realty Leasing, L.L.C. and entered into the Second Amended and Restated Master Lease, dated as of September 1, 2001. Under our new MoviePlex master lease, we leased six MoviePlex properties for 15 years with an option to extend the term for an additional five years. The Original MoviePlex Lease was terminated and pre-petition defaults under the Original MoviePlex Lease were cured up to a maximum amount of $493,680. The initial first twelve months base rent for the six theatres is an aggregate of $5.4 million per year ($450,000 per month), subject to periodic increases thereafter and certain additional rent obligations such as percentage rent. Percentage rent is an amount equal to 12% of all aggregate revenue we earn in the leased theatres in excess of one-half of ten times our base rent for any lease year.
Our Plan Of Reorganization
The material features of the plan of reorganization are described below:
| | The plan of reorganization provided for the issuance or reservation for future issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of common stock in the aggregate (20,000,000 shares of common stock are authorized in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation), and for the |
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| cancellation of all of our then existing Class A and Class B common stock and preferred stock. As of December 31, 2003, we had 9,088,512 shares of a single class of common stock outstanding. | ||||
| | The holders of our cancelled Class A and Class B common stock received in the aggregate 22.2% of the shares reserved for issuance under the plan of reorganization. | |||
| | The holders of our cancelled Series A preferred stock received in the aggregate 41.2% of the shares reserved for issuance under the plan of reorganization. These holders are affiliates of Carmike and have board representation. | |||
| | Certain holders of $45.7 million in aggregate principal amount of the cancelled 9 3/8% senior subordinated notes we issued prior to our reorganization received in the aggregate 26.6% of the shares reserved for issuance under the plan of reorganization. These holders are affiliates of Carmike and have board representation. | |||
| | We reserved 1,000,000 shares of our common stock for issuance under a new management incentive plan, which we refer to as the 2002 Stock Plan. Under the 2002 Stock Plan, 780,000 shares were authorized for issuance to Michael W. Patrick pursuant to his new employment agreement as our Chief Executive Officer and 220,000 were authorized for issuance to seven other members of our senior management. | |||
| | Certain banks holding claims in our reorganization received replacement debt and cash in the amount of $35.6 million, representing accrued and unpaid post-petition interest on their prior claims from August 8, 2000 to January 31, 2002. The prior bank claims arose under (1) the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among the banks party thereto and Wachovia Bank, N.A., as agent, and us, dated as of January 29, 1999, and amended as of March 31, 2000 and (2) the term loan credit agreement among the banks party thereto, Wachovia Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, Goldman Sachs Credit Partners, L.P., as syndication agent, and First Union National Bank, as documentation agent, and us, dated as of February 25, 1999, as amended as of July 13, 1999, and further amended as of March 31, 2000. The replacement debt was approximately $254.5 million and carried interest at the greater of: (a) at our option, (i) a specified base rate plus 3.5% or (ii) an adjusted LIBOR plus 4.5%; and (b) 7.75% per annum. | |||
| | We issued $154.3 million of our former 10 3/8% senior subordinated notes due 2009 in exchange for $154.3 million aggregate principal amount of the claims in our reorganization concerning the 9 3/8% senior subordinated notes. | |||
| | Leases covering 136 of our underperforming theatres were rejected. Lease terminations and settlement agreements are being negotiated for the resolution of lease termination claims, and the restructuring or other disposition of lease obligations. | |||
| | We agreed to pay our general unsecured creditors the amount of their allowed claims in our reorganization, including claims for damages resulting from the rejection of executory contracts and unexpired leases, plus interest on those amounts at an annual rate of 9.4%. At December 31, 2003, the amount of such claims remaining unpaid was $29.5 million, and the aggregate accrued interest on such claims was $3.7 million. Of the $29.5 million in | |||
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| remaining claims, $21.5 million are disputed. As such, our ultimate liability for these claims is uncertain and is subject to bankruptcy court resolution. |
On the effective date of our reorganization, we entered into a $254.5 million term loan credit agreement, which governed the terms of the banks replacement debt. On the same date we closed on a revolving credit agreement totaling $50.0 million. We borrowed $20.0 million of the revolving credit agreement in partial repayment of our obligations owing to the banks under the term loan credit agreement, and we repaid all outstanding amounts under the revolving credit agreement.
Risk Factors
The following are risk factors for Carmike.
Our business will be adversely affected if there is a decline in the number of motion pictures available for screening or in the appeal of motion pictures to patrons.
Our business depends to a substantial degree on the availability of suitable motion pictures for screening in our theatres and the appeal of such motion pictures to patrons in our specific theatre markets. Our results of operations will vary from period to period based upon the number and popularity of the motion pictures we show in our theatres. A disruption in the production of motion pictures by, or a reduction in the marketing efforts of, the major studios and/or independent producers, a lack of motion pictures, the poor performance of motion pictures in general or the failure of motion pictures to attract the patrons in our theatre markets will likely adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our substantial lease and debt obligations could impair our financial flexibility and our competitive position.
We now have, and will continue to have, significant debt obligations. Our current long-term debt obligations are as follows:
| | Our new term loan credit agreement provides for borrowings of up to $100.0 million, of which all was outstanding as of February 27, 2004. | |||
| | Our new revolving credit agreement provides for borrowings of up to $50.0 million. There were no amounts outstanding as of February 27, 2004. | |||
| | Our 7.500% senior subordinated notes, issued as of February 4, 2004, total $150.0 million. | |||
| | Amounts owed on our industrial revenue bonds total $0.7 million at December 31, 2003. | |||
| | As of February 27, 2004, we estimate that our general unsecured creditors will receive an aggregate of $21.4 million plus interest at an annual rate of 9.4% in resolution of their allowed claims, with a final maturity date of January 31, 2007. As of February 27, 2004, total accrued interest on these claims was approximately $4 million. Of these claims, $21.4 million are disputed. | |||
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We also have, and will continue to have, significant lease obligations. As of December 31, 2003, our total capital and operating lease obligations for leases with terms over one year totaled $641.8 million.
These obligations could have important consequences for us. For example, they could:
| | limit our ability to obtain necessary financing in the future and make it more difficult for us to satisfy our lease and debt obligations; | |||
| | require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to payments on our lease and debt obligations, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other corporate requirements; | |||
| | make us more vulnerable to a downturn in our business and limit our flexibility to plan for, or react to, changes in our business; and | |||
| | place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors that might have stronger balance sheets or better access to capital by, for example, limiting our ability to enter into new markets or renovate our theatres. | |||
If we are unable to meet our lease and debt obligations, we could be forced to restructure or refinance our obligations, to seek additional equity financing or to sell assets, which we may not be able to do on satisfactory terms or at all. As a result, we could default on those obligations.
We may not generate sufficient cash flow to meet our needs.
Our ability to service our indebtedness and to fund potential capital expenditures for theatre construction, expansion or renovation will require a significant amount of cash, which depends on many factors beyond our control. Our ability to make scheduled payments of principal, to pay the interest on or to refinance our indebtedness is subject to general industry economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations to meet our needs.
Our business is subject to significant competitive pressures.
Large multiplex theatres, which we and some of our competitors built, have tended to and are expected to continue to draw audiences away from certain older theatres, including some of our theatres. In addition, demographic changes and competitive pressures can lead to the impairment of a theatre. Over the last several years, we and many of our competitors have closed a significant number of theatres. Our competitors or smaller entrepreneurial developers may purchase or lease these abandoned buildings and reopen them as theatres in competition with us.
We face varying degrees of competition from other motion picture exhibitors with respect to licensing films, attracting customers, obtaining new theatre sites and acquiring theatre circuits. In those areas where real estate is readily available, there are few barriers preventing competing companies from opening theatres near one of our existing theatres. Competitors have built and are planning to build theatres in certain areas in which we operate. In the past, these
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developments have resulted and may continue to result in excess capacity in those areas, adversely affecting attendance and pricing at our theatres in those areas. Even where we are the only exhibitor in a film licensing zone (and therefore do not compete for films), we still may experience competition for patrons from theatres in neighboring zones. There have also been a number of consolidations in the film exhibition industry, and the impact of these consolidations could have an adverse effect on our business if greater size would give larger operators an advantage in negotiating licensing terms.
Our theatres also compete with a number of other motion picture delivery systems including cable television, pay-per-view, video disks and cassettes, satellite and home video systems. New technologies for motion picture delivery (such as video on demand) could also have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. While the impact of these alternative types of motion picture delivery systems on the motion picture exhibition industry is difficult to determine precisely, there is a risk that they could adversely affect attendance at motion pictures shown in theatres.
Theatres also face competition from a variety of other forms of entertainment competing for the publics leisure time and disposable income, including sporting events, concerts, live theatre and restaurants.
Our revenues vary significantly depending upon the timing of the motion picture releases by distributors.
Our business is seasonal, with higher revenues generated during the summer months and year-end holiday season. While motion picture distributors have begun to release major motion pictures more evenly throughout the year, the most marketable motion pictures are usually released during the summer months and the year-end holiday season, and we usually earn more during those periods than in other periods during the year. Additionally, the unexpected emergence of a hit film may occur in these or other periods. As a result, the timing of motion picture releases affects our results of operations, which may vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year.
If we do not comply with the covenants in our credit agreements or otherwise default under them, we may not have the funds necessary to pay all our amounts that could become due.
On February 4, 2004, we completed an offering of $150 million of 7.500% senior subordinated notes due 2014 to institutional investors and entered into new senior secured credit facilities consisting of a $50 million revolving credit facility and a $100 million five-year term loan. The notes offering and the new credit facilities replaced our post-bankruptcy term loan credit agreement, post-bankruptcy revolving credit agreement and 10 3/8% senior subordinated notes, which had been in place since our reorganization. Under the indenture that governs the 7.500% senior subordinated notes and the agreements relating to the new senior secured credit facilities, we are subject to limitations on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, make capital expenditures and other customary covenants.
We may be unable to fund our additional capital needs.
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Our access to capital may be limited because of our current leverage. In addition, because of our bankruptcy, we may have difficulty obtaining financing for new development on terms that we find attractive. Traditional sources of financing new theatres through landlords may be unavailable for a number of years.
The opening of large multiplexes by our competitors and the opening of newer theatres with stadium seating in certain of our markets have led us to reassess a number of our theatre locations to determine whether to renovate or to dispose of underperforming locations. Further advances in theatre design may also require us to make substantial capital expenditures in the future or to close older theatres that cannot be economically renovated in order to compete with new developments in theatre design.
We are subject to restrictions imposed by our lenders that limit the amount of our capital expenditures. As a result, we may be unable to make the capital expenditures that we would otherwise believe necessary. In addition, we cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that currently anticipated revenue growth will be realized or that future capital will be available for us to fund our capital expenditure needs.
We may be limited in our ability to utilize, or may not be able to utilize, net operating loss carryforwards to reduce our future tax liability.
As of December 31, 2003, after utilizing approximately $25.0 million for 2003, we had approximately $90.4 million of federal and state operating loss carryforwards with which to offset our future taxable income. Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 imposes an annual limitation on the use of a corporations net operating loss carryforwards if the corporation undergoes an ownership change, which in general terms is a change in beneficial ownership of the companys stock that exceeds 50 percentage points during a three year testing period.
The determination of whether we underwent an ownership change for purposes of section 382 as a result of the issuance of common stock pursuant to our plan of reorganization (the Plan Stock Issuance) is subject to a number of highly complex legal issues and factual uncertainties. In our federal income tax return for 2002, we reported the Plan Stock Issuance as causing a section 382 ownership change, although the matter is not free from doubt and arguments can be advanced to support the contrary position. Based on our reported tax treatment, we believe that the special exception in section 382(l)(5) available to debtors in bankruptcy applied, so that our net operating loss carryforwards did not become subject to a section 382 limitation as a result of the Plan Stock Issuance. If, however, we underwent a second ownership change within two years following our date of reorganization that is, by January 31, 2004 and assuming that the Plan Stock Issuance caused an ownership change, our net operating losses would have become subject to a section 382 limitation of zero and their future use effectively would have been eliminated. While we do not believe that the sale of our common stock in the offering we completed on February 4, 2004 caused a second ownership change, future changes in the direct or indirect beneficial ownership of our common stock, which may be beyond our control, could trigger an ownership change and thus limit, or possibly eliminate altogether, our ability to use these net operating loss carryforwards in a subsequent taxable year.
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If it were determined that we did not undergo an ownership change as a result of the Plan Stock Issuance, the issuance of common stock in our recently completed offering would trigger an ownership change, which would cause our net operating loss carryforwards to become subject to an annual limitation on their use equal to the value of our equity immediately prior to the date of the ownership change, subject to certain adjustments, multiplied by the applicable federal long-term tax-exempt interest rate.
Deterioration in our relationships with any of the major film distributors could adversely affect our access to commercially successful films and could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our business depends to a significant degree on maintaining good relationships with the major film distributors that license films to our theatres. A deterioration in our relationships with any of the major film distributors could adversely affect our access to commercially successful films and adversely affect our business and results of operations. We suffered such a deterioration for a period of time while we were in bankruptcy. When we commenced our bankruptcy, several film distributors ceased supplying us with new film product in light of their claims against us for exhibition fees aggregating approximately $37.2 million. Those film distributors recommenced supplying us with new film product upon our agreeing to pay their claims in full, which we did in 17 weekly installments ending on December 26, 2000.
Because the distribution of motion pictures is in large part regulated by federal and state antitrust laws and has been the subject of numerous antitrust cases, we cannot ensure a supply of motion pictures by entering into long-term arrangements with major distributors. Rather, we must compete for licenses on a film-by-film and theatre-by-theatre basis and are required to negotiate licenses for each film and for each theatre individually.
Our success depends on our ability to retain key personnel.
We believe that our success is due in part to our experienced management team. We depend in large part on the continued contribution of our senior management and, in particular, Michael W. Patrick, our President and Chief Executive Officer. Losing the services of one or more members of our senior management could adversely affect our business and results of operations. We entered into a five-year employment agreement with Michael W. Patrick as Chief Executive Officer on January 31, 2002, the term of which extends for one year each December 31, provided that neither we nor Mr. Patrick chooses not to extend the agreement. We maintain no key man life insurance policies for any senior officers or managers except for a $1.8 million policy covering Mr. Patrick.
We face uncertainties related to digital cinema.
If a digital cinema roll-out progresses rapidly, we may not have adequate resources to finance the conversion costs. Digital cinema is in an experimental stage in the motion picture exhibition
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industry. There are multiple parties competing to be the leading manufacturer of digital cinema technology. However, there are significant obstacles to the acceptance of digital cinema, including quality of image and costs. Electronic projectors will require substantial investment in re-equipping theatres. If the conversion process rapidly accelerates, we may have to raise additional capital to finance the conversion costs associated with it. The additional capital necessary may not, however, be available to us on terms we deem acceptable.
A prolonged economic downturn could materially affect our business by reducing amounts consumers spend on attending movies.
Our business depends on consumers voluntarily spending discretionary funds on leisure activities. Movie theatre attendance may be affected by prolonged negative trends in the general economy that adversely affect consumer spending. Any reduction in consumer confidence or disposable income in general may affect the demand for movies or severely impact the motion picture production industry such that our business and operations could be adversely affected.
Compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act could require us to incur significant capital expenditures and litigation costs in the future.
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, or the ADA, and certain state statutes and local ordinances, among other things, require that places of public accommodation, including both existing and newly constructed theatres, be accessible to customers with disabilities. The ADA requires that theatres be constructed to permit persons with disabilities full use of a theatre and its facilities. The ADA may also require that certain modifications be made to existing theatres in order to make them accessible to patrons and employees who are disabled. We are subject to a settlement agreement arising from a complaint filed with the U.S. Department of Justice concerning theatres operated by us in Des Moines, Iowa. As a result of the settlement agreement, we removed barriers to accessibility at two Des Moines theatres and distributed to all of our theatre managers a questionnaire designed to assist our central management in identifying existing and potential barriers and determining what steps might be available for removal of such existing and potential barriers.
We are aware of several lawsuits that have been filed against other motion picture exhibitors by disabled moviegoers alleging that certain stadium seating designs violated the ADA. If we fail to comply with the ADA, remedies could include imposition of injunctive relief, fines, awards for damages to private litigants and additional capital expenditures to remedy non-compliance. Imposition of significant fines, damage awards or capital expenditures to cure non-compliance could adversely affect our business and operating results.
We are subject to other federal, state and local laws which limit the manner in which we may conduct our business.
Our theatre operations are subject to federal, state and local laws governing matters such as construction, renovation and operation of our theatres as well as wages, working conditions, citizenship and health and sanitation requirements and licensing. While we believe that our theatres are in material compliance with these requirements, we cannot predict the extent to
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which any future laws or regulations that regulate employment matters will impact our operations. At December 31, 2003, approximately 48% of our employees were paid at the federal minimum wage and, accordingly, the minimum wage largely determines our labor costs for those employees. Increases in the minimum wage will increase our labor costs.
Disruption of our relationship with our primary concession suppliers could harm our margins on concessions.
We purchase substantially all of our concession supplies, except for beverage supplies, as well as janitorial supplies from Showtime Concession Supply, Inc. and are by far its largest customer. In return for our concession supplies, we pay Showtime Concession at set prices that are based on the type of concession supplied. Our current agreement with Showtime Concession will expire on December 8, 2006. If this relationship were disrupted, we could be forced to negotiate a number of substitute arrangements with alternative vendors which are likely to be, in the aggregate, less favorable to us than the current arrangement.
We purchase our beverage supplies from The Coca-Cola Company. Our current agreement with The Coca-Cola Company will expire on June 30, 2004. Under the agreement, The Coca-Cola Company may raise beverage supply costs and, in fact, has increased such costs by 3.3% beginning January 31, 2004 through the term of the agreement. If beverage supply costs are increased at a higher rate or we are unable to negotiate favorable terms with The Coca-Cola Company or a competing beverage supplier when the agreement is up for renewal, our margins on concessions may be negatively impacted.
Our development of new theatres poses a number of risks.
We plan to continue to expand our operations through the development of new theatres and the expansion of existing theatres. Developing new theatres poses a number of risks. Construction of new theatres may result in cost overruns, delays or unanticipated expenses related to zoning or tax laws. Desirable sites for new theatres may be unavailable or expensive, and the markets in which new theatres are located may deteriorate over time. Additionally, the market potential of new theatre sites cannot be precisely determined, and our theatres may face competition in new markets from unexpected sources. Newly constructed theatres may not perform up to our expectations.
We face significant competition for potential theatre locations and for opportunities to acquire existing theatres and theatre circuits. Because of this competition, we may be unable to add to our theatre circuit on terms we consider acceptable.
If we determine that assets are impaired, we will be required to recognize a charge to earnings.
The opening of large multiplexes and theatres with stadium seating by us and certain of our competitors has tended to, and is expected to continue to, draw audiences away from certain older theatres, including some of our theatres. In addition, demographic changes and competitive pressures can lead to the impairment of a theatre. Whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or a group of assets may not be
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recoverable, we review those assets to be held and used in the business for impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill. We also periodically review and monitor our internal management reports and the competition in our markets for indicators of impairment of individual theatres. If we determine that assets are impaired, we are required to recognize a charge to earnings.
We had impairment charges in four of the last five fiscal years totaling $187.5 million. Our impairment charge recognized for 2001 was significantly larger than in prior years due to the write-off of leasehold improvements on rejected theatres, the impact of closing owned theatres, the diminished value of our entertainment centers and the write-down of surplus equipment removed from closed theatres. Additionally, in 2001 we included equipment in the theatre valuation calculations based on the reduced capital building program in the future as well as the excess supply of equipment in inventory. We incurred no impairment charge in 2002. For fiscal year 2003, our impairment charge was $1.1 million. Through December 31, 2003, we believe we have properly tested for impairments. There can be no assurance that we will not take additional charges in the future related to the impairment of our assets.
Our bankruptcy reorganization could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We estimate that our aggregate liability at December 31, 2003 for general unsecured creditors is approximately $29.5 million, which includes our estimated liability for damages resulting from the rejection of executory contracts and unexpired leases which we have not already paid. As of December 31, 2003, total accrued interest on these claims was $3.7 million. Subsequent to December 31, 2003, we paid approximately $7.6 million of these claims, with $0.5 million reduced due to changes in estimates. Certain of these claims remain unsettled and are subject to ongoing negotiation and possible litigation. We estimate the amount of the disputed claims at December 31, 2003 to be $21.5 million; however, the final amounts we pay in satisfaction of the claims will depend on the bankruptcy courts determination. In addition, new claims could be asserted that could exceed our estimate. The final amounts paid in connection with these claims could materially exceed our current estimates, which could reduce our profitability or cause us to incur losses that would impair our ability to make required principal and interest payments on our indebtedness and affect the trading price of our common stock.
In addition, our past inability to meet our obligations that resulted in our filing for bankruptcy protection, or the perception that we may not be able to meet our obligations in the future, could adversely affect our ability to obtain adequate financing, to enter into new leases for theatres or to retain or attract high-quality employees. It could also adversely affect our relationships with our suppliers.
Our business makes us vulnerable to future fears of terrorism.
If future terrorist incidents or threats cause our customers to avoid crowded settings such as theatres, our attendance would be adversely affected.
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We have significant stockholders with the ability to influence our actions.
Entities affiliated with Goldman, Sachs & Co. beneficially ow