UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
Commission File #0-6072
EMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Georgia | 58-1035424 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of | (IRS Employer ID Number) | |
| incorporation of organization) |
660 Engineering Drive
Norcross, Georgia 30092
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrants Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (770) 263-9200
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.10 par value
(Title of Class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days: Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or amendment to this Form 10-K: [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Act) Yes [X] No [ ]
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by persons other than directors or executive officers on June 29, 2002 was $217 million, based on a closing price of $20.69 per share. The basis of this calculation does not constitute a determination by the registrant that all of its directors and executive officers are affiliates as defined in Rule 405.
As of March 3, 2003, the number of shares of the registrants common stock outstanding was 10,658,038 shares.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain information contained in the Companys definitive proxy statement for the 2003 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of the registrant is incorporated herein by reference in Parts II, III and IV of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
EMS Technologies, Inc. makes available free of charge, on or through its website at www.ems-t.com, its annual, quarterly and current reports, and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after electronically filing such reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Information contained on the Companys website is not part of this report.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
GENERAL
SUMMARY
EMS Technologies, Inc. (the Company) designs, manufactures and markets products that are important in many kinds of wireless communications. The Company focuses on the needs of the mobile information user, with an increasing emphasis on broadband applications for high-data-rate, high-capacity wireless communications.
The Company is organized into four reportable business segments: Space & Technology, LXE, EMS Wireless and SATCOM. Each segment is separately managed and comprises a range of products and services that share distinct operating characteristics. However, the Company believes that one of its competitive strengths is the technological and marketing synergy that occurs among the segments, as well as among the Companys various product lines. The Company believes that this synergy creates a path for highly advanced technologies developed for narrow space and defense markets to migrate to products for broader markets.
1. Space & Technology
This segment manufactures custom-designed, highly engineered hardware for use in space (both commercial and defense satellite electronics), aerospace (defense electronics), and ground (commercial broadband hubs and terminals) applications. Orders in this segment typically involve long-term contracts with production schedules that can extend a year or more, and most revenues are recognized under percentage-completion accounting. Space & Technology products are sold primarily to space and aerospace prime contractors or commercial communication system integrators, rather than to end-users. The Space & Technology segment accounted for 43%, 45%, and 42% of consolidated net sales in 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively.
A major source of business is the defense market. Orders in this market were strong in 2002, with defense sales doubling from the prior year. The Company believes that military applications for secure communications, surveillance, and electronic counter-measures will continue to offer opportunities well-suited for the Companys unique technology base and its considerable experience on such programs.
A major strategic emphasis in this segment is the development of broadband technologies for use in high-data-rate, high-capacity satellite communication systems. This strategic emphasis has resulted in the formation, in mid-2002, of the EMS Satellite Networks business group within the Space & Technology/Montreal operations. This business group is focused on high speed, two-way Internet via satellite hubs and terminals that use the DVB-RCS open standard pioneered by EMS. EMS Satellite Networks has supplied DVB-RCS hubs and terminals to eight of the worlds ten largest satellite operators, several of which have begun commercial deployment.
2. LXE
The LXE segment is conducted through a wholly owned subsidiary, LXE Inc., and manufactures wireless mobile computers and other wireless local area network (LAN) products for logistics and other enterprise applications. Typical uses include real-time data communications on inventory movement in a large warehouse, manufacturing facility, or seaport. The manufacturing cycle for each order is generally just a few days, and revenues are recognized upon shipment of hardware. Hardware is marketed to end-users and to third parties that incorporate their products and services with the Companys hardware for delivery to end-users. The LXE segment accounted for 28%, 30% and 27% of consolidated net sales in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
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3. EMS Wireless
The EMS Wireless segment manufactures base-station antennas and repeaters for PCS/cellular communications systems. The manufacturing cycle for each order is generally just a few days, and revenues are recognized upon shipment of hardware. Hardware is marketed to wireless service providers and to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) for mobile voice/paging services, as well as for other emerging high-speed wireless systems. The EMS Wireless segment accounted for 15%, 15% and 22% of consolidated net sales in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
4. SATCOM
The SATCOM segment is a division of the Companys wholly owned Canadian subsidiary, EMS Technologies Canada, Ltd. (EMS Canada), and manufactures earth-based antennas, terminals and other hardware for communications via satellite link. Typical applications include voice/data communications aboard corporate jets, search-and-rescue systems that use satellite surveillance, and tracking/messaging for long-haul trucks. The manufacturing cycle for most orders is generally just a few days, and revenues are recognized upon shipment of hardware. Hardware is marketed to third parties who incorporate their products and services with the Companys hardware for delivery to end-users. The SATCOM segment accounted for 11%, 8% and 6% of consolidated net sales in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
The discussion of the Companys business set forth in this Item 1 is qualified by the materials appearing below under the headings Risk Factors and Forward-Looking Statements.
BACKGROUND
In its Space & Technology segment, the Company has developed strong expertise in components and subsystems. In the mid-1970s, the Company pioneered the use of ferrite materials for electronic beam-forming. Electronic beam-forming networks (BFNs) allow a satellite to steer and adjust the shape of its antenna pattern. BFN technology was originally used in military communication satellites to combat interference from the ground, but this technology has important new applications in both commercial and defense satellite communication systems. For example, BFN technology enables a spot-beam approach, in which a satellite focuses its transmit-and-receive capabilities to a specific geographic area of the earth. When coupled with the use of high frequencies, such as the Ka-band, this spot-beam technology allows for increased data-rates and capacities.
The Company also produced the first all-electronic switch matrix to provide flexible interconnectivity between uplink and downlink channels in communication satellites. These switch matrices have found application in a number of commercial and military satellite systems. This technology has also evolved and is providing enhanced capabilities in todays latest radar imaging and communication satellites.
The core technologies required to accomplish space-based BFNs are directly applicable to a range of defense applications, including line-of-sight communications, radar, signal intelligence, and electronic countermeasure systems. Further, the Company has produced highly-engineered antenna, signal-management, and signal processing hardware that are used in many critical weapon systems.
In 1999, the Company added expertise in space systems, payload integration and ground terminal technologies by acquiring the Space Systems and Products Division of Spar Aerospace Limited, based in Montreal. This division (now the Space & Technology/Montreal division of EMS Canada) has long been a leading participant in the Canadian and international space industries. It has produced payloads and full antenna systems for major communications and remote sensing satellites, as well as robotics for NASAs Space Shuttle and the International Space Station, and is leading the Companys broadband initiatives.
In the early 1980s, the Company sought to diversify its predominantly defense-related business base by moving into commercial markets. As a result, the Company used its expertise in wireless technologies to develop the LXE product line of wireless mobile computers and network products. By communicating with the host computer network in real-time, these LXE products enhance the productivity of mobile workers
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and improve the accuracy and timeliness of transaction-processing data. LXEs principal market is for material management functions in warehouses and distribution centers (the logistics market), including seaports. A major factor in the long-term growth of the logistics market and the LXE product line has been expanding use by many industries of more advanced information technologies, including wireless networking, enterprise software and auto-identification (such as barcoding).
The EMS Wireless segment includes PCS/cellular base station antennas and repeaters. The leading product in this line (marketed under the DualPol trademark) employs polarization-diversity technology. These antennas allow cell-site tower structures that are much simpler and less obtrusive than conventional antenna towers. In addition, these antennas offer superior coverage and resistance to signal-fading, as compared with networks with conventional vertically-polarized antennas. The Company also offers a line of repeaters and in-building products, as well as a full line of lower-priced, conventional antennas for both cellular and PCS networks. These infrastructure products, along with a family of accessory products, are marketed to service providers and to OEMs domestically and internationally.
The Company has also established an industry-leading position in the market for mobile earth-based SATCOM (satellite communications) antennas and terminals. Initially these products were developed for international search and rescue, in which satellite technology helps locate downed aircraft or ocean-going ships in distress. The most successful component of the Companys SATCOM product lines was developed for advanced communications by corporate jets. In these aeronautical applications, the Companys antennas are mounted atop the jets tail fin and are automatically steered to remain pointed at a communications satellite during flight; these systems provide voice, data and video communications via satellite. The Company has introduced other SATCOM products, including (1) a high-speed data product to provide both voice and data connections with speeds up to 128 kbps, (2) a packet-data terminal to provide two-way real-time data communications for messaging, tracking and monitoring in the transportation, public safety and remote industrial controls markets, and (3) a maritime high-speed terminal for digital communications at sea. SATCOM has also made initiatives with software products used for incident management for search and rescue applications with customers around the world.
MARKETS AND PRODUCTS
Space & Technology Markets
In the U.S., satellite technology was historically funded by the military for defense applications. Commercial use was cost-effective only for specialized high-capacity applications in the telecommunications and broadcast industries. However, satellite-based voice and data networks are increasingly being used for a variety of lower-cost, high-volume commercial applications as a result of improvements in satellite technology. New commercial applications include mobile telephony and data communications.
Satellites provide a number of advantages over terrestrial facilities for many high-speed communications service applications:
| 1. | Satellites enable high-speed communications service where a terrestrial alternative is not available or is not adequate. | |
| 2. | Unlike the cost of terrestrial networks, the cost to provide services by satellite does not increase with the distance between sending and receiving stations. | |
| 3. | In contrast to the installation of fiber optic cable, satellite networks can be rapidly and cost-effectively deployed, once the satellite is in orbit. |
Demand for commercial satellites will be determined by several factors, including:
| 1. | growth in demand for new satellite-based applications, such as mobile communications or data services; | |
| 2. | growth in business networking; |
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| 3. | growth in direct-to-home television and related voice, video and data systems; and | |
| 4. | development of new satellite-based communications architectures to provide basic telephone and television services in developing regions of the world. |
The Company believes that its Space & Technology business will be able to make significant contributions in defense systems of increasing national importance, such as secure satellite communications, secure intelligence and imagery collection satellite, advanced electronic warfare, and secure line-of-sight communications. EMSs base of technologies, including ferrite ceramics for radio frequency management and advanced antennas for low-observable aircraft, are well suited to many advanced defense applications. As a result, EMS continues to supply hardware to important U.S. and international military satellites for communication, sensing and surveillance. In addition, EMS is applying its technologies to a number of significant weapon systems such as F/A-22 (intra-flight datalink antennas), CV-22 (suite of integrated RF countermeasures subsystems), JSTARS (synthetic aperture radar phase shifters), and Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (common data link antenna switching).
Space & Technology Products
The Company designs and manufactures innovative satellite communications products. These products include satellite systems, subsystems and components that address the need for reliable, high-speed communications. The products developed by the Company for the Space & Technology segment comprise six main lines:
| 1. | Space systems | |
| 2. | Antenna products | |
| 3. | Electronic products for space | |
| 4. | Ferrite subsystems and components for space and defense | |
| 5. | Electronics and subsystems for defense, and | |
| 6. | Ground products for satellite broadband networks. |
Space Systems
The Company designs and builds payloads and payload equipment for a wide variety of fixed, mobile and broadband communications satellites. For example, EMS is building an advanced active-array radar antenna for RADARSAT-2 (a remote sensing satellite) that can capture images on earth with three-meter resolution. We are also constructing specialized payloads such as S-Band transponders for the Japanese HTV unmanned supply spacecraft. In 2002, EMS completed the redesign of a repeater for the SARR 2000 search and rescue satellite, and our work on the next phase of this important program will focus on telemetry control and power design. In addition, the Company has developed scientific instruments such as the MAESTRO spectrometer for Canadas SCISAT program.
Antenna Products
For over thirty years, EMS has been providing innovative products for satellite antennas. The Company has experience in a variety of frequency ranges, including the UHF, S, C, X, Ku, Ka, Q, V and W bands. The Companys antenna products use a wide variety of technologies and architectures for fixed, mobile and broadcast applications. They include shaped reflectors, dual aperture shaped reflectors, direct radiating arrays, steerable antennas, omni antennas, Gregorian and Cassegrain antennas, lens antennas, deployable reflectors, dual polarized antennas, and phased arrays.
The Companys antenna products are believed to be well-positioned in potential growth markets such as broadband service systems (with Company antennas being used on Telesats Anik-F2 and Eutelsats W3A satellite), and mobile telephony systems (with antennas on the Inmarsat IV satellites). Varying by frequency or market served, EMSs antennas pace industry standards by maximizing available spacecraft power and reducing radio interference between beams.
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EMS is pursuing new commercial opportunities for terrestrial antennas, such as the recently awarded contract for high-frequency antennas for helicopter obstacle avoidance systems. The Space & Technology segment also manufactures an aeronautical antenna for a multi-channel video system used in commercial aircraft. The video system combines the Companys antennas with electronics and small flat-panel video screens installed in each seat back, and is installed and marketed by the Companys customer. The Companys antennas for video systems are now mainly deployed with an airline based in New York.
Electronic Products for Space
Microwave products and subsystems are an integral part of many space systems. They control the microwave communications signals processed in a spacecraft, and include low-noise amplifiers, repeaters, transponders and solid-state power amplifiers.
Power products provide highly efficient (up to 95%) conditioning of electric power aboard a spacecraft. In addition to their efficiency, the Companys power products have low mass and very low noise levels, and are hardened against the radiation that spacecraft experience at various orbit levels. Recent contracts include electronic power conditioners for Superbird 6 and the S-Band Transponder for the Japanese HTV vehicle.
Certain of the Companys microwave and power products, such as crystal oscillators, electronic power conditioners, transponders and low-noise amplifiers, have become industry standards. The same microwave technologies are being used to build the next generation of international search-and-rescue satellite (SARSAT) signal repeater panels to be installed on selected civil government satellites to allow immediate location of distress signals from planes, ships and lost hikers.
The Company also has a long heritage of supplying space-qualified computers, controllers and digital signal processors. This equipment is used for antenna-pointing mechanism electronics, payload control, attitude control, power switching, command decoding and telemetry gathering. EMS-built processors and digital products are critical elements on-board the International Space Station. The significant advancements EMS has made in spacecraft data-processing capacity are being applied to the next generation of space computers and processors for both manned and unmanned systems, promising a 100-fold improvement in on-board computation power.
Ferrite Subsystems and Components
EMS pioneered the use of ferrite materials in space and defense systems. Ferrite products provide phase and amplitude control of communications signals. The design, development and manufacture of ferrite products require considerable specialized in-house capabilities. These products include ferrite circulators, isolators, phase shifters, switches and switching networks, and transmit-receive networks. Ferrite products are integrated into satellite, shipboard, ground-based and airborne applications, including direct broadcast, direct audio, commercial and military communications, earth observation, multimedia, and defense systems. The Companys ferrite products have been utilized in such programs as XM Radio, GEOSAT, ENVISAT, TDRSS, MILSTAR/AEHF and ACTS.
Electronics and Subsystems for Defense
Electronic warfare is increasingly important to modern defense strategy. Electronic warfare systems perform many crucial military operations, such as targeting for weapons systems, disrupting enemy communications, and jamming enemy attempts to track or target aircraft. The Company has developed unique signal processing capabilities that are key to advanced electronic warfare systems. These capabilities, combined with our antenna, ferrite, and microwave products, create significant subsystems in aircraft electronic protection suites. Major programs that use these products include AN/ALQ-172 Low Band, and AN/ALQ-211 SIRFC. The Company believes that there will also be significant opportunities to apply these capabilities in unmanned aerial vehicle systems and the newest generation of tactical aircraft.
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Ground Products for Satellite Broadband Networks
The new EMS Satellite Networks business group is establishing itself as a major brand in the high-speed, two-way satellite communications market, and deliveries have been completed to SES/Satlynx and to key customers in Russia, Europe, Canada, the United States and Japan. EMS has been a pioneer in the development of the DVB-RCS world-wide open standard for communicating high-speed, two-way Internet data. The proven commercial stability of the Companys DVB-RCS hub is one of the key differentiators in the market place for this product. The latest generation of terminals was launched in 2002, with significant reductions in cost from the preceding generation. These new lower-priced terminals are expected to encourage a more rapid rate of adoption and deployment of commercial broadband services via satellite.
LXE Markets
Major technological advances and changes in the regulatory environment have led to the development and proliferation of wireless data networks that extend the reach of existing hard-wired networks. Wireless local area networks (LANs) now accommodate notebook, pen-based, and other handheld computers, as well as rugged computers mounted on vehicles, such as forklifts. By providing network connectivity for mobile users, these products increase the accuracy, timeliness and convenience of data collection and information access. In the past, these wireless LAN systems were developed for operation using proprietary narrow-band UHF radios at 450 MHz. Current wireless LAN systems comply with open system (IEEE 802.11) standards and operate at data rates of 11 Mbps at 2.4 GHz. Evolving 802.11-based products increase data transmission rates to 54 Mbps in both the 2.4 GHz and 5.7 GHz bands. The development of these advanced products and widespread adoption of the 802.11 wireless LAN standard is creating new applications in established industrial markets and in other vertical markets, such as transportation and service applications.
The Companys rugged computers and wireless LANs have been installed at more than 6,500 sites world-wide, including the facilities of many Fortune 500 companies and some of the worlds largest materials-handling installations.
LXE Products
The Companys wireless data systems, which generally incorporate bar-code scanning or other auto-identification capabilities, are increasingly based on the IEEE 802.11 open system standard and feature rugged mobile computers specifically designed for demanding industrial environments. A typical system consists of mobile computers which incorporate wireless LAN radios and auto-identification capabilities, network access points which provide a radio link to the wired network and host computers, and software that manages and facilitates the communications process.
Mobile Computers
The Company offers several types of mobile computers, all of which utilize radio frequency technology:
| 1. | Hand-held mobile computers are small and lightweight, and are available in a number of form factors with varying degrees of ruggedization; and | |
| 2. | Vehicle-mounted mobile computers are larger, heavy-duty products for use on forklifts, cranes and other mobile materials handling equipment. These can also be used in fixed positions where network cabling is impractical, or in cart-mounted solutions using a self-contained battery and power supply. |
All mobile computers incorporate built-in radios that operate on wireless networks using either the IEEE 802.11 network standard at 2.4 GHz, or a licensed, narrowband frequency. The Companys mobile computers incorporate Intel® processors that allow support for terminal emulation, client-server, or browser-based applications.
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The Companys latest generation of mobile computers has significantly more computing power than previous models, as well as improved power-management features and superior ergonomics. The MX3 mobile handheld computer supports the Windows CE operating system and offers many of the performance features of a desktop PC in a handheld computer. New handheld product introductions include the Windows CE-based MX4 and MX5, both designed for extremely demanding environmental conditions in the warehouse and intermodal yard. The VX series of vehicle-mounted computers feature even better environmental specifications and ruggedization, and includes two Pentium-class models that support the Windows 98, 2000, and XP operating systems.
Wireless Networks
The wireless communications link between a mobile computer and a host network consists of: (1) a series of access points that are attached to a customers hardwired network at appropriate locations, and (2) wireless transceivers located in each mobile computer. The access points connect the wireless network to the hardwired network. The wireless transceivers act as wireless LAN interface cards.
LXE provides and supports wireless network equipment compatible with the existing 802.11 standards, as well as its proprietary system at 900 MHz. LXE also offers a complete suite of supporting products and services for its wireless networks, including wireless network management tools, wireless security tools, facility analysis, installation and support.
Host Connectivity Software
LXE also provides terminal emulation software and communications gateways that allow any of LXEs mobile computers to interface seamlessly to a customers legacy applications. LXEs host connectivity software supports UNIX, IBM midrange, and IBM mainframe legacy systems.
Other Products and Services
In addition to the basic system hardware and software, the Company offers a wide range of accessory products and services, including bar-code scanners, battery chargers, portable printers, pre- and post-sale professional services, and repair and maintenance services.
EMS Wireless Markets
National and international infrastructure for terrestrial-based wireless communications has expanded since the mid 1990s to support growing worldwide demand, although infrastructure build-out has slowed substantially during the past two years. This demand has been fueled by:
| | decreasing prices for wireless handsets, | |
| | a more favorable regulatory environment, | |
| | greater competition among service providers, and | |
| | more availability of services and RF spectrum. |
In addition, many developing countries are installing wireless telephone networks as an alternative to installing, expanding or upgrading traditional hard-wired networks. Emerging wireless data applications may also expand the market by allowing service providers to increase revenue-generating traffic on their networks.
Specific technological trends have also affected the wireless industry. For example, in the late 1990s the continuing growth of the wireless communications market strained the capacity of traditional analog cellular systems that can carry only one call per channel of radio spectrum. As a result, many service providers have installed new digital equipment to increase per-channel capacity by factors ranging from three to eight. In addition, service providers have constructed PCS digital networks that operate at twice the frequency level of cellular systems; this provides the greater bandwidth necessary for an expanded range of voice and data services. However, PCS technology requires smaller cells than analog technology and, as a result, approximately four times the number of base stations to complete its geographical build-out.
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In 2002 and 2001, EMS Wireless product sales were substantially lower than during 2000 due to a slowdown in capital spending by the telecommunications industry across all product types, and slower-than-expected sales for repeater products typically associated with more complex networks. However, the Company is a preferred supplier to the leading wireless service providers in North America, and based on industry analysts reports, and information from customers and other distribution-channel participants, the Company believes that it is, for North American PCS/cellular communications systems, the leading supplier of base station antennas of the types designed and manufactured by the Company. The Company has manufacturing facilities in Brazil, from which it is also exporting to other South American countries and to Eastern Europe.
In addition to technical performance of the antennas, key competitive factors in this market are manufacturing capacity and ability to provide quick turnaround time in response to an order. The Company believes its turnaround times are the fastest in the industry.
EMS Wireless Products
The Company has developed several advanced base station antennas for the PCS/cellular wireless infrastructure market, and has a new line of repeaters and other wireless signal distribution products.
Dual Polarization Antenna Products
The Companys DualPol antenna utilities polarization diversity to combine the functionality of three vertically polarized antennas (two receive and one transmit) into a single, compact device. With fewer antennas required, DualPol technology allows the supporting antenna tower to be much smaller and less expensive than for a traditional PCS/cellular antenna site, which must support the weight and wind-loading of a large mounting structure atop the tower. An increasingly important factor in establishing the location of a cell site is the aesthetics of the tower structure. Unlike traditional vertical-polarization cellular antennas, the Companys DualPol antennas can be mounted in a very compact configuration that can fit on top of existing utility poles, or be disguised, for example, in a clock tower. The mounting flexibility not only benefits the service provider in obtaining site approvals, but also results in lower installation and structure costs. Further, these antennas offer superior coverage and resistance to signal-fading, as compared with networks with conventional vertical-polarization antennas.
The Companys AcCELLerator antenna combines multiple DualPol antennas pre-packaged in a compact cylindrical enclosure that provides the same multi-sector coverage as a large, nine-antenna, spatially diverse base station, yet with a less visually obtrusive structure.
The Companys Micro AcCELLerator antenna is a much smaller version of the AcCELLerator, and was originally designed to help a Houston service provider gain zoning approval for new cell sites. Micro AcCELLerator antennas provide a complete, three-sector cell site in a highly integrated package as small as six inches in diameter, which is mounted atop an unobtrusive monopole. This configuration led to a new line of Custom Site Solutions consisting of the micro version of the AcCELLerator in an aesthetically pleasing mounting fixture (most often atop a light pole) that has application in shopping malls and office centers.
Vertical-Polarization Antenna Products
The Companys lower-cost vertically polarized antennas apply beam-shaping techniques of amplitude and phase weighting to achieve the most effective antenna performance for specific applications. The Companys OptiFill antennas are designed for use in a typical crowded coverage area. These antennas utilize null filling, upper sidelobe suppression and electronic down-tilt to lower co-channel interference, reduce the number of dropped calls, and improve sound quality. The Companys OptiRange antennas are designed to maximize gain, and are
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useful in systems that have large cells, such as rural areas or initial urban system roll-outs with a small number of base stations.
Repeaters and Other Wireless Signal Distribution Products
During 2001, the Company acquired a small manufacturer of repeaters and other wireless signal distribution products. This acquisition provided two new product lines. The first product line enables carriers to extend indoor RF coverage through the use of indoor repeaters and fiberoptic-based RF distribution systems. The second product line helps carriers extend their coverage in rural areas or uneven terrain through the use of outdoor repeaters.
SATCOM Markets
The first aeronautical systems for telephony utilized a ground-based network. These networks were not only limited in the voice-quality of their communications, but they were unable to provide coverage over water for international travel. Evolution of aeronautical telephony involved a special antenna aboard the aircraft that allowed the use of satellite transmissions, not only for voice but also for limited data and fax capabilities. Reflecting the need for mobile communications in the business world, aeronautical satellite communications systems of some type are now commonly used in corporate jets around the world. Current developments are directed towards higher-speed satellite-based video and Internet-access applications. The market acceptance of the Companys HSD-64 and HSD-128 high speed data products has positioned EMS as a market leader in this segment, serving both military and commercial applications.
The Company believes that it is the top supplier of antennas for voice/data communications aboard corporate aircraft, with an over-90% share of this market. To date, there are more than 1,000 EMS installations on over 50 different types of aircraft. The Company has major contracts with Gulfstream, Honeywell and Bombardier the industrys largest users of general aviation communications equipment.
The Company has also pursued opportunities in the land mobile market. Customers in this market use small SATCOM terminals for such functions as tracking and two-way messaging for transportation or public safety, or remote monitoring of industrial process controls. A growing concern in this market is that terminals utilize an open architecture that would be compatible with other communications systems. The Companys PDT-100 terminal addresses many of this markets needs, with its compact size, strong and reliable performance, and open architecture.
For over two decades, satellite-based surveillance systems have saved lives and led to the safe recovery of thousands of disaster and accident victims. One of the worlds largest search-and-rescue systems is COSPAS-SARSAT, sponsored by Canada, France, Russia and the U.S. The COSPAS-SARSAT satellites continuously listen for distress transmissions, determine the location of those transmissions, and provide alerts to worldwide search-and-rescue operations. The Company believes that it is a leading provider to COSPAS-SARSAT search-and-rescue systems of ground station equipment, including high-performance terminals that handle a systems vital communications function.
SATCOM Products
The Companys SATCOM line of products include the following:
Aeronautical Antennas
The Company has developed a family of aeronautical communications products, including an industry-leading Inmarsat antenna, the AMT-50, which is a mechanically-steered antenna that is connected to an aircrafts navigational system and automatically remains directed toward a geostationary communications satellite for voice and low data-rate communications. This antenna is either mounted within the aircrafts tail or under a small, unobtrusive radome atop an aircrafts tail. The Company believes that this product has the leading market share in the
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high-end corporate jet market. The Company has also developed its CALQUEST product, which is a complete satellite telephone system for use over North and Central America on a wide range of turbo-prop and jet aircraft.
EMS has an aeronautical product, called the HSD-128, that provides aircraft operators with high-speed data capability using the new Aeronautical Swift64 and Mobile Packet Data Services from Inmarsat. These services, which have been operational in the land transportable market for nearly two years, will support data rates of up to 64 Kbps (which the HSD-128s two-channel capability increases to 128 Kbps), a considerable advance on other service offerings currently available in the market. These new services can provide economical airborne access to the business support services typically found in a ground-based office, including voice, data, e-mail, Internet and corporate Intranet products.
The Company has also developed a steerable antenna system designed to provide live television to jet aircraft from a broadcast satellite. The system includes a mechanically steerable antenna system, mechanical positioner, and a beam-steering unit to keep the antenna properly pointed at the satellite during the motion associated with flight. This DBS antenna and the AMT-50 Inmarsat antenna can be mounted together under a single radome (designed and supplied by the Company) atop a jets tail fin. These products are sold by the Company as part of a full system for delivery of live video service to aircraft, provided by Honeywell.
Other Mobile Terminals
EMSs packet-data terminal provides fail-safe, two-way messaging and location information anywhere in North America. The PDT-100 terminal features GPS technology and combines what the Company believes are the fastest response times with the lowest terminal and airtime prices currently offered in this market. The PDT-100 is commercially available and in use throughout North and Central America providing tracking and messaging to the transportation industry.
The PDT-100 also serves as a valuable tool for the public safety market, offering communications to police, enforcement officers and other public safety employees who must travel outside of traditional wireless coverage maps. This terminal can also be used to monitor industrial controls in remote areas (such as controls on an oil or gas pipeline).
In 2002, the Company added a maritime high-speed terminal to complement its land-mobile and industry-leading aeronautical products. The maritime terminal delivers clear digital voice communications, as well as e-mail and Internet capabilities, through Inmarsats global maritime service.
Emergency Management Products
The Company is a leading provider of the ground-station equipment associated with satellite-based search-and-rescue systems, including the local-user terminals (LUTs) that process information received from satellites. Using a low-earth-orbit satellite system, a LUT can determine the location of the maritime or aviation beacons that transmit distress signals, and display the results for intervention by emergency authorities. This terminal technology can also be adapted for routine tracking and management of aviation and maritime fleets.
Another LUT model uses satellites in geostationary orbit, which reduces the critical time needed to detect and identify distress beacon signals. This system is PC-based and can be efficiently managed through Internet protocols. In addition to satellite ground stations for search-and-rescue, EMS offers software for incident management and rescue coordination. The Company has also combined new communications technologies with Web-based geographic information systems and graphical tools. The Company believes that fast, widespread distribution of graphical data via the Web will allow for more effective coordination of rescue efforts.
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SALES AND MARKETING
The Companys sales and marketing strategy varies depending upon the segment. Due to the technical nature of the Companys products, internal personnel with strong engineering backgrounds must conduct some of these sales efforts. Particularly in the Space & Technology segment, many of these personnel have other engineering or management responsibilities within the Company. The Company also utilizes independent marketing representatives, both in the U.S. and internationally. These individuals are selected for their knowledge of the local markets and their ability to provide technical support and ongoing, direct contact with the Companys current and potential customers.
In the Space & Technology segment, the development of major business opportunities often involves significant bid-and-proposal efforts; this work can include complex engineering to determine the technical feasibility and cost-effectiveness of various design approaches. Most of the Companys bid-and-proposal costs are reported in cost of sales, although a portion of these costs is classified as selling, general and administrative expense. Total bid-and-proposal costs were $5.0 million in 2002, $4.4 million in 2001 and $3.6 million in 2000.
The markets for space and satellite communications comprise a relatively small number of customers, which are typically well known large corporations. The Companys Space & Technology marketing efforts rely on ongoing communications with this base of potential customers, both to determine the customers future needs and to inform customers of the Companys capabilities. Because the Company can often receive multiple orders from many of these customers, technical support and service after the sale are also crucial to maintaining a strong supply relationship.
The Companys sales and marketing strategy for its other business segments involves:
| 1. | direct sales to end users, and | |
| 2. | indirect sales through third parties that often incorporate their products and services with the Companys hardware for delivery to end-users. Third parties include: |
| a. | strategic partners, | ||
| b. | value-added resellers, | ||
| c. | original equipment manufacturers, and | ||
| d. | distributors, including representatives in 35 countries. |
Direct sales of LXE systems are performed by an internal sales support staff, by 20 regional sales persons in North America, and by nine international subsidiaries (seven in Europe). For EMS Wireless, an internal staff and three regional sales offices in North America perform sales and marketing. For marketing of SATCOM products, the Company relies on its relationships with major airframe manufacturers, avionics manufacturers, a network of completion centers that install aeronautical products, and value-added resellers.
BACKLOG
The backlog of consolidated orders at December 31, 2002, was $108 million, compared with $157 million one year earlier. EMS Wireless, LXE and many SATCOM customers typically require short delivery cycles; as a result these segments usually convert orders into revenues within a few weeks, and they do not build up an order backlog that extends substantially beyond one fiscal quarter. However, backlog is very important in the Space & Technology segment, due to the long-term nature of that business. The backlog for Space & Technology at December 31, 2002 was $73 million compared with $111 million one year earlier. This reduction is due to a reduction in the backlog for commercial space applications.
MATERIALS
Materials used in the Companys Space & Technology products consist of magnetic microwave ferrites, metals such as aluminum and brass, permanent magnet materials and electronic components such as transistors, diodes, ICs, resistors, capacitors and printed circuit boards.
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Most of the magnetic microwave ferrite materials are purchased from two suppliers, and permanent magnet materials are purchased from a limited number of suppliers. Electronic components and metals are available from a larger number of suppliers and manufacturers.
The electronic components and supplies, printed circuit assemblies, and molded parts needed for the Companys various standard products are generally available from a variety of sources. However, LXE systems include bar code scanners in almost all orders, and a significant number of the scanners are purchased from Symbol Technologies, Inc. (Symbol), which is also a competitor of the Company; however, there are alternative suppliers that manufacture and sell bar code scanners under license agreements with Symbol. The Company believes that LXEs competitors also rely on scanning equipment purchased from or licensed by Symbol. In addition, Symbol and the Company have a license agreement, which allows the Company to utilize Symbols patented integrated scanning technology in certain products.
The Companys advanced technology products often require sophisticated subsystems supplied or cooperatively developed by third parties having specialized expertise, production skills and economies of scale. Important examples include critical specialized components and subsystems required for successful completion of particular Space & Technology programs, and application-specific integrated circuitry and computers incorporated in LXE products. In such cases, the performance, reliability and timely delivery of the Companys products can be heavily dependent on the effectiveness of those third parties.
The Company believes that its present sources of required materials are adequate. The Company does not believe that the loss of any supplier or subassembly manufacturer would have a material adverse effect on its business. In the past, shortages of supplies and delays in the receipt of necessary components have not had a material adverse effect on shipments of the Companys products. However from time to time, the Companys rollout of new standard products or its performance on Space & Technology programs has been affected by quality and scheduling problems with developers/suppliers of critical subsystems.
COMPETITION
The Company believes itself to be, in sales, a major independent supplier of (1) satellite components, subsystems and systems, (2) wireless local-area computer network products for logistics systems, (3) base station antennas and other wireless infrastructure products for cellular and PCS mobile networks, and (4) aeronautical SATCOM communications systems for voice, telephony and video. However, the Companys markets are highly competitive. Some of the Companys competitors have substantial resources and facilities that exceed those of the Company, but the Company also competes against smaller, specialized firms.
In the Space & Technology segment, the Company competes with divisions of certain large U.S. industrial concerns, such as Raytheon, Hughes, Loral, M/A-Com, and Rockwell, as well as non-U.S. companies such as COMDEV and RACAL. Some of these companies, as well as others, are both potential competitors of the Company for certain contracts and potential customers on other contracts. Certain major customers could also elect to internally develop and manufacture the products that they presently purchase from the Company.
In the LXE market, the Companys principal competitors are Unova, Symbol (which holds patents protecting the barcode scanning devices supplied to LXE for incorporation in these products), and Psion Teklogix. In the EMS Wireless segment, the Company competes with divisions of certain large U.S. and international companies, including Allen Telecom, Andrew Corporation and Alcatel. In the SATCOM market, the company competes with Honeywell, Thales, Thrane & Thrane, Qualcomm and TSI.
The Company believes that the key competitive factors in all of its segments continue to be product performance, technical expertise and support to customers, adherence to delivery schedules, and price.
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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Space & Technology segment conducts most of its research and development in direct response to the unique technical requirements of a customers order, and most of these costs are included with the overall manufacturing costs for specific orders. The remaining segments conduct substantial internally funded research and development activities. In 2002, 2001 and 2000, the Company spent $26.1 million, $27.1 million and $27.7 million, respectively, on internally sponsored research and development.
EMPLOYEES
As of December 31, 2002, the Company and its subsidiaries employed a total of approximately 1,700 persons. Over 70% of the Companys employees are directly involved in engineering or manufacturing activities.
RISK FACTORS
The business operations of EMS Technologies, Inc. involve significant risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect its financial condition, results of operations, and future development. In addition to domestic economic conditions, which can change unexpectedly and generally affect U.S. businesses, these risks and uncertainties include the following:
Competing technology could be superior to ours, and could cause customer orders and revenues to decline.
The markets in which we compete are very sensitive to technological advances. As a result, technological developments by competitors can cause our products to be less desirable to customers, or even to become obsolete. Those developments could cause our customer orders to diminish, which would have an adverse impact on our revenues and could cause the market value of our shares to decline.
Our competitors marketing and pricing strategies could make their products more attractive than ours. This could cause reductions in customer orders or profits.
We operate in highly competitive technology markets. Our competition may pursue aggressive marketing strategies, such as significant price discounting. These competitive activities could cause our customers to purchase our competitors products rather than ours, and reduce our sales and profit margins below expected levels.
If our customers fail to find adequate funding for major potential programs, our sales could decline.
Major communications infrastructure programs, such as proposed satellite communications systems or PCS/cellular systems for large urban areas, are important sources of our current and anticipated future revenues. We also participate in a number of large defense programs. Programs of these types cannot proceed unless the customer can raise adequate funds, from either governmental or private sources. As a result, our expected revenues can be adversely affected by political developments or by conditions in private capital markets. Expected revenues can also be adversely affected if private capital markets are not receptive to a customers proposed business plans.
Slow public acceptance of new communications systems could limit purchases by our customers.
Construction and expansion of new communications systems depend on public demand for the new services. As a result, growth rates in our revenues from wireless infrastructure products and proposed high-speed satellite communications systems are likely to be heavily affected by the timing and extent of public willingness to buy mobile and/or broadband communications services. If public acceptance of the new systems does not develop as expected, our customers are unlikely to place the levels of orders we expect, and our revenues and profits would also fall short of expectations.
Among the factors that could affect the growth of markets for new wireless communications systems is the potential concern about alleged health risks relating to radio frequency (RF) emissions. Media reports and some studies have suggested that RF emissions from wireless handsets and cell sites may be associated with various health problems, including cancer, and may interfere with electronic medical devices,
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including hearing aids and pacemakers. In addition, lawsuits have been filed against participants in the wireless industry alleging various adverse health consequences as a result of wireless equipment emissions. Additional studies of radio frequency emissions are ongoing. Consumers may be discouraged from purchasing new wireless services if consumers health concerns over radio frequency emissions increase. In addition, concerns over RF emissions could lead government authorities to increase restrictions on the location and operation of wireless-related hardware, or could result in wireless companies being held liable for costs or damages associated with these concerns.
We can encounter technical problems or contractual uncertainties, which can cause delays, added costs, lost sales, and liability to customers.
Technical difficulties can cause delays and additional costs in our technology development efforts. We are particularly exposed to this risk in new product development efforts, and in fixed-price contracts on technically advanced programs in our Space & Technology segment that require novel approaches and solutions. Technical difficulties could cause us to miss expected delivery dates for new product offerings, which could cause customer orders to fall short of expectations. Our products may perform mission-critical functions in space applications. If we experience technical problems and are unable to adhere to a customers schedule, the customer could experience costly launch delays or re-procurements from other vendors. The customer may then be contractually entitled to substantial financial damages from us. The customer would also be entitled to cancel future deliveries, which would reduce our future revenues and could make it impossible for us to recover our design, tooling or inventory costs, or our remaining commitments to third-party suppliers.
Due to technological uncertainties in new or unproven applications of technology, a contract may be broadly defined in its early stages, with a structure to accommodate future changes in the scope of work or contract value as technical development progresses. In such cases, management must evaluate these contract uncertainties and estimate the future expected levels of scope of work and likely contract value changes to determine the appropriate level of revenue associated with costs incurred. Actual changes may vary from expected changes, resulting in a reduction of revenues and earnings recognized in future periods.
Our transitions to new product offerings can be costly and disruptive, and could adversely affect our revenues or profitability.
Because our businesses involve constant efforts to improve existing technology, we regularly introduce new generations of products. During these transitions, customers may reduce purchases of older equipment more rapidly than we expect, or may choose not to migrate to our new products, which can cause lower revenues and excessive inventories. In addition, product transitions create uncertainty about both production costs and customer acceptance. These potential problems are generally more severe if our product introduction schedule is delayed by technical development problems. These problems could cause our revenues or profitability to be less than expected.
Our products may unexpectedly infringe third party patents, which could cause us to have substantial liability to our customers or the patent owners.
As we regularly develop and introduce new technology, we have a risk that our new products or manufacturing techniques infringe on patents held or currently being processed by others. The U.S. Patent Office does not publish patents until 18 months after their initial filing. Thus, we may be unaware of a pending patent until well after we have introduced an infringing product. In addition, questions of whether a particular product infringes a particular patent can involve significant uncertainty. As a result of these factors, third-party patents may interfere with
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marketing plans, or may, from time to time, create significant expense to defend or pay damages on infringement claims or to respond to customer indemnification claims.
We depend on highly skilled employees, who could become unavailable.
Because our products and programs are technically sophisticated, we must attract and retain employees with advanced technical and program-management skills. Other employers also often recruit persons with these skills, both generally and in focused engineering fields. If skilled employees were to become unavailable to us, our performance obligations to our customers could be affected and our revenues could decline.
We depend on highly skilled suppliers, who may become unavailable or fail to achieve desired levels of technical performance.
In addition to our requirements for basic materials and electronic components, our advanced technological products often require sophisticated subsystems supplied or cooperatively developed by third parties. To meet those requirements, our suppliers must have specialized expertise, production skills and economies of scale. Our ability to perform according to contract requirements, or to introduce new products on the desired schedule, can be heavily dependent on our ability to identify and engage appropriate suppliers, and on the effectiveness of those suppliers in meeting our development and delivery objectives. If key suppliers were unavailable when we needed them, our ability to meet our performance obligations to our customers could be affected and our revenues and earnings could decline.
Changes in government regulations that limit the availability of radio frequency licenses or cause us to incur increased expenses could cause our revenues or profitability to decline.
Many of our products are incorporated into wireless communications systems that are regulated in the U.S. by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and internationally by other government agencies. Changes in government regulations could reduce the growth potential of our markets by limiting either the access to or availability of frequency spectrum. Changes in government regulations could make the competitive environment more difficult by restricting our customers efforts to develop or introduce new technologies and products. Finally, changes in government regulations could substantially increase the difficulty and cost of compliance with government regulations for both our customers and us. All of these factors could result in reductions in our profits and revenues.
The export license process for space products has become uncertain, increasing the chance that we may not obtain required export licenses in a timely or cost-effective manner.
As a result of 1998 legislation, products for use on commercial satellites are included on the U.S. Munitions List and are subject to State Department licensing requirements. The licensing process is time-consuming, and political considerations can increase the time and difficulty of obtaining licenses for export of technically advanced products. The license process may prevent particular sales, and in general has created schedule uncertainties that are encouraging foreign customers, such as those in Western Europe, to develop internal or other foreign sources rather than use U.S. suppliers. If we are unable to obtain required export licenses when we expect them or at the costs we expect, our revenues and profits could be harmed.
Export controls on space technology restrict our ability to hold technical discussions with customers, suppliers and internal engineering resources, which reduces our ability to obtain sales from foreign customers or to perform contracts with the desired level of efficiency or profitability.
U.S. export controls severely limit unlicensed technical discussions with any persons who are not U.S. citizens. As a result, we are restricted in our ability to hold technical discussions between U.S. personnel and current or prospective non-U.S. customers or suppliers, between Canadian
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personnel and current or prospective U.S. customers or suppliers, and between U.S. employees and non-U.S. (including Canadian) employees. These restrictions reduce our ability to win cross-border space work, to utilize cross-border supply sources, to deploy technical expertise in the most effective manner, and to pursue cooperative development programs involving our U.S. and Canadian space facilities.
Economic or political conditions in other countries could cause our revenues or profitability to decline.
International sales significantly affect our financial performance. Almost $84 million in revenues for fiscal year 2002, or 27% of consolidated revenues, were derived from customers residing outside of North America. Adverse economic conditions in our customers countries, mainly in Western Europe, Latin America and the Pacific Rim, have affected us in the past, and could adversely affect future international revenues in all of our businesses, especially from our wireless local-area network and PCS/cellular infrastructure businesses. Unfavorable currency exchange rate movements could result in foreign exchange losses, or could adversely affect the marketability of our products by increasing the local-currency cost. In addition to these economic factors directly related to our markets, there are risks and uncertainties inherent in doing business internationally that could have an adverse effect on us, such as potential adverse effects from changes in foreign income tax laws, as well as unfavorable changes in laws and regulations governing a broad range of business concerns, including proprietary rights, legal liability and employee relations. All of these factors could cause significant harm to our revenues or profitability.
The level and profitability of our sales in certain markets depend on the availability and performance of other companies with which we have marketing relationships.
In some applications, including mobile satellite communications, we are seeking to develop marketing relationships with other companies that have, for example, specialized software and established customer service systems. In other markets, such as wireless local-area networks, a major element of our distribution channels is a network of value-added retailers and independent distributors. If we are unable to identify and structure effective relationships with other companies that are able to market our products, our revenues could fail to grow in the ways we expect.
Customer orders in backlog may not result in sales.
Our order backlog represents firm orders for products and services. However, our customers may cancel or defer orders for wireless products, in most cases without penalty. Cancellation or deferral of an order in our Space & Technology business typically involves penalties and termination charges for costs incurred to date, but these termination penalties would still be considerably less than what we would have expected to earn if the order could have been completed. We make management decisions based on our backlog, including hiring of personnel, purchasing of materials, and other matters that may increase our production capabilities and costs. Cancellations, delays or reductions of orders could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
We could incur an impairment loss on certain long-term inventory.
In the Space & Technology segment, we have capitalized $4 million of costs for certain long-term inventory. We believe that this quantity of inventory will be used to meet expected demand for this product over the next several years. However, if actual orders are much less than expected, then the value of this inventory would be impaired, resulting in an earnings charge.
Our business and revenue growth could be limited by our inability to obtain additional financing.
Our current cash and available credit facilities are not large enough to finance either potential growth in certain business areas, or synergistic
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acquisitions to complement our technical and product capabilities. We may not be able to secure sufficient additional credit or other financing, on acceptable terms, to support our growth objectives.
We may not effectively manage possible future growth, which could result in reduced earnings.
Historically, we have experienced broad fluctuations in demand for our products and services. These changes in demand have depended on many factors and have been difficult to predict. In recent years, there has been a general growth trend in certain of our businesses, as well as increasing complexity in the technologies and applications involved. These changes in our businesses place significant demands on both our management personnel and our management systems for information, planning and control. If we are to achieve further strong growth on a profitable basis, our management must identify and exploit potential market opportunities for our products and technologies, while continuing to manage our current businesses effectively. Furthermore, our management systems must support the changes to our operations resulting from our business growth.
We may make acquisitions and investments that could adversely affect our business.
To support growth, we may continue in the future to make acquisitions of and investments in businesses, products and technologies that could complement or expand our businesses. However, if we should be unable to successfully negotiate with a potential acquisition candidate, finance the acquisition, or effectively integrate the acquired businesses, products or technologies into our existing business and products, we could be adversely affected. Furthermore, to complete future acquisitions, we may issue equity securities, incur debt, assume contingent liabilities, or have amortization expenses and writedowns of acquired assets, which could cause our earnings per share to decline.
***************************
In addition to risks and uncertainties related to our operations, there are investment risks that could adversely affect the return to an investor in our common stock, and also could adversely affect our ability to raise capital for financing future operations.
Our quarterly results are volatile and difficult to predict. If our quarterly performance results fall short of market expectations, the market value of our shares are likely to decline.
The quarterly earnings contributions of some of our segments are heavily dependent on customer orders or product shipments in the final weeks or days of the quarter. This can create volatility in quarterly results, and hinders our ability to determine in advance whether quarterly earnings will meet prevailing analyst expectations. The market price for our shares is likely to be adversely affected by quarterly earnings results that are below analyst and market expectations.
Our share price may fluctuate significantly, and an investor may not be able to sell our shares at a price that would yield a favorable return on investment.
The market price of our stock will fluctuate in the future, and such fluctuations could be substantial. Price fluctuations may occur in response to a variety of factors, including:
| 1. | actual or anticipated operating results, | |
| 2. | announcements of technological innovations, new products or new contracts by us, our customers, our competitors or our customers competitors, | |
| 3. | government regulatory action, | |
| 4. | developments with respect to wireless and satellite communications, and | |
| 5. | general market conditions. |
In addition, the stock market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have particularly affected the market prices for the stocks of technology companies and that have been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies.
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Future sales of our common stock may cause our stock price to decline.
Our outstanding shares are freely tradable without restriction or further registration, and shares reserved for issuance upon exercise of stock options will also be freely tradable upon issuance. Sales of substantial amounts of common stock by our shareholders, including those who have acquired a significant number of shares in connection with business acquisitions or private investments, or even the potential for such sales, may depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of our equity securities.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The discussions of the Companys business in this Report, and in other public documents or statements that may from time to time incorporate or refer to these disclosures, contain various statements that are or may be deemed to be forward-looking. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
| 1. | statements about what the Company or management believes or expects, | |
| 2. | statements about anticipated technological developments or anticipated market response to or impact of current or future technological developments or product offerings, | |
| 3. | statements about trends in markets that are served or pursued by the Company, | |
| 4. | statements implying that the Companys technology or products are well suited for particular emerging markets, and | |
| 5. | statements about the Companys plans for product developments or market initiatives. |
These forward-looking statements may differ materially from actual results due to the variety of risks and uncertainties that affect the Company, including those set forth under the foregoing Risk Factors heading.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Information concerning the executive officers of the Company is set forth below:
Alfred G. Hansen, age 69, became President and Chief Executive Officer in January 2001. Mr. Hansen joined the Company as President and Chief Operating Officer in January 2000. He became a Director in 1999. From 1998 through 1999, Mr. Hansen was President of A.G. Hansen Associates, Inc., Marietta, Georgia, an aerospace marketing and manufacturing consultant. From 1995 to 1998, Mr. Hansen served as Executive Vice President of Lockheed Martin Aeronautical Systems, with broad operational responsibilities for its aerospace business, and as a Vice President of its parent company, Lockheed Martin Corporation. Mr. Hansen retired from the U.S. Air Force in 1989 as a four-star general, serving in his last assignment as commander of the Air Force Logistics Command.
Don T. Scartz, age 60, was elected Executive Vice President of the Company in February 2003, and is also Chief Financial Officer (since 1995) and Treasurer (since 1981). He served as Senior Vice President since 1995, as Vice President-Finance from 1981 to 1995, and as Secretary from 1982 to 1991. He joined the Company as Controller in 1978. He also serves as the Chief Financial Officer of each of the Companys operating subsidiaries. He became a Director of the Company in 1995.
William S. Jacobs, age 57, became General Counsel and Secretary of the Company in 1992, and Vice President in 1993. He is also responsible for the legal affairs of the operating subsidiaries. Previously, he was engaged in the private practice of law, and in such capacity had served as the Companys principal corporate legal counsel since 1982.
Gerald S. Bush, age 46, is Senior Vice President of the Company, and President of its Space & Technology/Montreal operations. He joined the Company in January 1999, when the Company acquired the Satellite Products business of Spar Aerospace Limited (Spar), where Dr. Bush had been Vice President and General Manager since 1998. Dr. Bush joined Spar in 1981 and served in various engineering and program management positions until 1995, when he became Director of Manufacturing for the Spar Satellite Products business, and in 1996 he became Vice President of Operations for that business.
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James S. Childress, age 58, was appointed as a Vice President of the Company, and as President and General Manager of the LXE subsidiary, in 2001. He joined the Company in August 2000 as Vice President of Business Development at LXE. Prior to joining EMS, he served as Vice President of EG&G Technical Services, Inc., a leading provider of technical and support services to the U.S. Departments of Defense, Energy, Transportation, Treasury, Justice and Commerce, and to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. He joined EG&G in 1998 following a career in the U.S. Air Force focused on logistics and systems acquisition. In the Air Force, he attained the rank of major general, and last served as commander of the San Antonio Air Logistics Center.
Jay R. Grove, age 39, is a Vice President of the Company, and Senior Vice President and General Manager of its Space & Technology/Atlanta operations. He joined the Company in January 2001. Formerly he was a director of Mobile SATCOM Systems for ViaSat, Inc., an advanced digital satellite telecommunications and wireless signal processing equipment provider.
T. Gerald Hickman, age 61, is a Vice President of the Company, and Senior Vice President and General Manager, EMS Wireless (since March 2000). He joined the Company in 1988 as Vice President, Marketing, and prior to his current position was a Vice President in the Companys EMS Wireless division.
Neilson A. Mackay, age 61, is a Vice President of the Company, and Senior Vice President and General Manager, SATCOM Products (since 2001). He joined the Company in January 1993, when the Company acquired an Ottawa, Ontario-based space satellite communications business of which he was serving as President.
Donald F. Osborne, age 42, is a Vice President of the Company, and since August 2002 has served as Senior Vice President and General Manager for the EMS Satellite Networks group, a part of the Space & Technology/Montreal operations. Prior to that position, he served as Senior Vice President and General Manager of the Space & Technology/Montreal operations. He joined the Company in January 1999, when the Company acquired the Spar Satellite Products business, where Mr. Osborne had been Vice President, Marketing since 1986. Mr. Osborne joined Spar in 1983 as a mechanical engineer.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Companys corporate headquarters and its Georgia operations are located in two buildings owned by the Company (comprising 250,000 square feet of floor space on 21 acres), as well as in 142,000 square feet of leased office space (leases to expire prior to 2004) in three other buildings, all located in or near Technology Park, Norcross, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta. The combined Georgia facilities comprise clean rooms, a microelectronics laboratory, materials storage and control areas, assembly and test areas, offices, engineering laboratories, a ferrites laboratory, drafting and design facilities, a machine shop, a metals finishing facility and painting facilities.
The Companys Canadian operations include a 330,000 square-foot facility surrounded by 34 acres of undeveloped land in a suburb of Montreal. One-fourth of the facility comprises manufacturing, assembly and laboratory space, including advanced near-field and far-field test range areas and a subsystem and payload integration area. Three-fourths of the facility is used for engineering and administrative office space. The facilitys location in the province of Quebec affords it significant tax incentives and credits sponsored by the provincial government. The Company also leases approximately 63,000 square feet of office and manufacturing space for its operations located in Ottawa, Ontario; the lease on this facility expires in 2007.
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The Companys EMS Wireless division leases an 11,000 square-foot manufacturing facility in Curitiba, Brazil, from its local industrial partner (a manufacturer of antenna towers for wireless telecommunications). The lease is annually renewable, and management expects to continue the lease on terms comparable to those of the current lease.
The Company has leased several small sites in the U.K., Europe and Australia for LXE sales offices and a SATCOM engineering facility. If any of these leases were terminated, the Company believes that it could arrange for comparable replacement facilities on favorable terms.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The common stock of EMS Technologies, Inc. is traded in the over-the-counter market (NASDAQ symbol ELMG). At March 3, 2003, there were approximately 500 shareholders of record, and the Company believes that there were approximately 4,000 beneficial shareholders, based upon broker requests for distribution of Annual Meeting materials. The price range of the stock is shown below:
| 2002 Price Range | 2001 Price Range | |||||||||||||||
| High | Low | High | Low | |||||||||||||
First Quarter |
$ | 22.65 | 14.77 | 17.06 | 11.50 | |||||||||||
Second Quarter |
25.60 | 17.10 | 16.15 | 13.35 | ||||||||||||
Third Quarter |
22.65 | 10.02 | 17.10 | 13.80 | ||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
17.36 | 10.30 | 17.50 | 14.00 | ||||||||||||
The Company has never paid a cash dividend with respect to shares of its common stock, and has retained its earnings to provide cash for the operation and expansion of its business. Future dividends, if any, will be determined by the Board of Directors in light of the circumstances then existing, including the Companys earnings and financial requirements and general business conditions.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
| Years ended December 31 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (in thousands, except net earnings per share) | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | 1998 | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 310,434 | 291,086 | 273,143 | 242,414 | 177,163 | |||||||||||||||
Cost of sales |
209,993 | 196,572 | 181,937 | 167,118 | 115,127 | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
62,460 | 55,364 | 50,635 | 45,211 | 38,666 | ||||||||||||||||
Research and development expenses |
26,122 | 27,093 | 27,735 | 21,816 | 13,140 | ||||||||||||||||
Contract reserve adjustment |
(3,500 | ) | 3,500 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Write-down of NetSat 28 assets |
| | 2,891 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
15,359 | 8,557 | 9,945 | 8,269 | 10,230 | ||||||||||||||||
Non-operating (expense) income |
(108 | ) | 403 | 409 | 2,055 | 1,120 | |||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain (loss) |
1,179 | (22 | ) | (234 | ) | (745 | ) | 482 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(3,670 | ) | (4,891 | ) | (4,326 | ) | (2,827 | ) | (1,729 | ) | |||||||||||
Earnings before income taxes |
12,760 | 4,047 | 5,794 | 6,752 | 10,103 | ||||||||||||||||
Income tax (expense) benefit |
(4,173 | ) | 820 | (1,303 | ) | (1,912 | ) | (3,927 | ) | ||||||||||||
Earnings before accounting change |
8,587 | 4,867 | 4,491 | 4,840 | 6,176 | ||||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in
accounting principle |
| (351 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||