FORM 10-Q
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
þ
|
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| For the quarterly period ended MARCH 31, 2005 | ||
o
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| For the transition period from to | ||
| Commission file number 1-10816 |
MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION
| WISCONSIN | 39-1486475 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer | |
| incorporation or organization) | Identification No.) | |
| 250 E. KILBOURN AVENUE | 53202 | |
| MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN | (Zip Code) | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) |
(414) 347-6480
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
| YES þ | NO o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
| YES þ | NO o |
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
| CLASS OF STOCK | PAR VALUE | DATE | NUMBER OF SHARES | |||||||
Common stock
|
$ | 1.00 | 4/30/05 | 94,374,078 | ||||||
MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page No. | ||||||||
| 3 | ||||||||
| 4 | ||||||||
| 5 | ||||||||
| 6-11 | ||||||||
| 12-36 | ||||||||
| 36 | ||||||||
| 36 | ||||||||
| 37 | ||||||||
| 39 | ||||||||
| 40 | ||||||||
| 41 | ||||||||
| Bridge Credit Agreement | ||||||||
| Five-Year Credit Agreeent | ||||||||
| Computation of Net Income | ||||||||
| Certification of CEO under Section 302 | ||||||||
| Certification of CFO under Section 302 | ||||||||
| Certification of CEO and CFO under Section 906 | ||||||||
Page 2
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
| March 31, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
| (In thousands of dollars) | ||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Investment portfolio: |
||||||||
Securities, available-for-sale, at market value: |
||||||||
Fixed maturities |
$ | 5,476,635 | $ | 5,413,662 | ||||
Equity securities |
5,326 | 5,326 | ||||||
Short-term investments |
185,065 | 163,639 | ||||||
Total investment portfolio |
5,667,026 | 5,582,627 | ||||||
Cash |
2,031 | 2,829 | ||||||
Accrued investment income |
63,960 | 67,255 | ||||||
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves |
16,233 | 17,302 | ||||||
Prepaid reinsurance premiums |
6,344 | 6,836 | ||||||
Premiums receivable |
87,485 | 95,396 | ||||||
Home office and equipment, net |
33,954 | 36,382 | ||||||
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs |
26,663 | 27,714 | ||||||
Investments in joint ventures |
406,719 | 414,309 | ||||||
Other assets |
134,063 | 130,041 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 6,444,478 | $ | 6,380,691 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Loss reserves |
$ | 1,134,100 | $ | 1,185,594 | ||||
Unearned premiums |
139,101 | 143,433 | ||||||
Short- and long-term debt (note 2) |
655,215 | 639,303 | ||||||
Income taxes payable |
154,575 | 109,741 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
163,806 | 158,981 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
2,246,797 | 2,237,052 | ||||||
Contingencies (note 3) |
||||||||
Shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Common stock, $1 par value, shares authorized
300,000,000; shares issued, 3/31/05 - 122,366,592
12/31/04 - 122,324,295;
shares outstanding, 3/31/05 - 95,573,151
12/31/04 - 96,260,864 |
122,367 | 122,324 | ||||||
Paid-in capital |
257,298 | 270,450 | ||||||
Treasury stock (shares at cost, 3/31/05 - 26,793,441
12/31/04 - 26,063,431) |
(1,364,438 | ) | (1,313,473 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax |
66,691 | 123,383 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
5,115,763 | 4,940,955 | ||||||
Total shareholders equity |
4,197,681 | 4,143,639 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 6,444,478 | $ | 6,380,691 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
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MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
| (In thousands of dollars, except per share data) | ||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||
Premiums written: |
||||||||
Direct |
$ | 342,287 | $ | 358,170 | ||||
Assumed |
202 | 17 | ||||||
Ceded |
(30,250 | ) | (29,125 | ) | ||||
Net premiums written |
312,239 | 329,062 | ||||||
Decrease in unearned premiums, net |
3,840 | 12,454 | ||||||
Net premiums earned |
316,079 | 341,516 | ||||||
Investment income, net of expenses |
57,003 | 53,141 | ||||||
Realized investment gains, net |
1,565 | 9,321 | ||||||
Other revenue |
10,261 | 11,461 | ||||||
Total revenues |
384,908 | 415,439 | ||||||
Losses and expenses: |
||||||||
Losses incurred, net |
98,866 | 190,677 | ||||||
Underwriting and other expenses, net |
67,895 | 67,314 | ||||||
Interest expense |
10,722 | 10,248 | ||||||
Total losses and expenses |
177,483 | 268,239 | ||||||
Income before tax and joint ventures |
207,425 | 147,200 | ||||||
Provision
for income tax |
59,660 | 40,131 | ||||||
Income from joint ventures, net of tax |
34,248 | 23,004 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 182,013 | $ | 130,073 | ||||
Earnings per share (note 4): |
||||||||
Basic |
$ | 1.91 | $ | 1.32 | ||||
Diluted |
$ | 1.90 | $ | 1.31 | ||||
Weighted average common shares
outstanding - diluted (shares in
thousands, note 4) |
95,784 | 99,174 | ||||||
Dividends per share |
$ | 0.0750 | $ | 0.0375 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Page 4
MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
| (In thousands of dollars) | ||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 182,013 | $ | 130,073 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Amortization of deferred insurance policy
acquisition costs |
5,632 | 5,454 | ||||||
Increase in deferred insurance policy
acquisition costs |
(4,581 | ) | (5,152 | ) | ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
4,519 | 4,627 | ||||||
Decrease in accrued investment income |
3,295 | 1,823 | ||||||
Decrease in reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves |
1,069 | 893 | ||||||
Decrease in prepaid reinsurance premiums |
492 | 239 | ||||||
Decrease in premium receivable |
7,911 | 17,632 | ||||||
(Decrease) increase in loss reserves |
(51,494 | ) | 48,137 | |||||
Decrease in unearned premiums |
(4,332 | ) | (12,694 | ) | ||||
Increase in income taxes payable |
44,834 | 65,652 | ||||||
Equity earnings in joint ventures |
(49,872 | ) | (33,027 | ) | ||||
Distributions from joint ventures |
60,375 | 41,550 | ||||||
Other |
36,503 | (20,812 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
236,364 | 244,395 | ||||||
Cash flows from investing activities: |
||||||||
Purchase of fixed maturities |
(289,505 | ) | (942,035 | ) | ||||
Additional investment in joint ventures |
(1,760 | ) | (4,085 | ) | ||||
Sale of equity securities |
616 | 1,604 | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of fixed maturities |
85,089 | 669,429 | ||||||
Proceeds from maturity of fixed maturities |
49,372 | 63,771 | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(156,188 | ) | (211,316 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: |
||||||||
Dividends paid to shareholders |
(7,201 | ) | (3,696 | ) | ||||
Net proceeds from short-term debt |
14,947 | 208 | ||||||
Reissuance (return) of treasury stock |
570 | (365 | ) | |||||
Repurchase of common stock |
(68,567 | ) | (26,654 | ) | ||||
Common stock issued |
703 | 17,776 | ||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(59,548 | ) | (12,731 | ) | ||||
Net increase in cash and short-term investments |
20,628 | 20,348 | ||||||
Cash and short-term investments at beginning of period |
166,468 | 161,346 | ||||||
Cash and short-term investments at end of period |
$ | 187,096 | $ | 181,694 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
Page 5
MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Note 1 Basis of presentation and summary of certain significant accounting policies
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of MGIC Investment Corporation (the Company) and its wholly-owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all of the other information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2004 included in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for that year.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have not been audited by independent auditors in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), but in the opinion of management such financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, necessary to summarize fairly the Companys financial position and results of operations. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2005.
Stock-based compensation
The Company has certain stock-based compensation plans. Effective January 1, 2003, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, prospectively to all employee awards granted or modified on or after January 1, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 123 did not have a material effect on the Companys results of operations or its financial position. Under the fair value method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the service period which generally corresponds to the vesting period. Awards under the Companys plans generally vest over periods ranging from one to five years. The cost related to stock-based employee compensation included in the determination of net income for 2005 and 2004 is less than that which would have been recognized if the fair value based method had been applied to all awards since the original effective date of SFAS No. 123. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if the fair value method had been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards in each period.
Page 6
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
| (in thousands of dollars, | ||||||||
| except per share data) | ||||||||
Net income, as reported |
$ | 182,013 | $ | 130,073 | ||||
Add stock-based employee compensation
expense included in reported net income,
net of tax |
2,522 | 1,758 | ||||||
Deduct stock-based employee compensation
expense determined under fair value method
for all awards, net of tax |
(3,622 | ) | (2,325 | ) | ||||
Pro forma net income |
$ | 180,913 | $ | 129,506 | ||||
Earnings per share: |
||||||||
Basic, as reported |
$ | 1.91 | $ | 1.32 | ||||
Basic, pro forma |
$ | 1.90 | $ | 1.31 | ||||
Diluted, as reported |
$ | 1.90 | $ | 1.31 | ||||
Diluted, pro-forma |
$ | 1.89 | $ | 1.31 | ||||
New Accounting Standards
The guidance contained in EITF 03-1 has been delayed by FSP EITF 03-1-1, Effective Date of Paragraphs 10-20 of EITF Issue No. 03-1 The meaning of Other-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments. The delay of the effective date will be superseded with the final issuance of proposed FSP EITF Issue 03-1-a, Implementation Guidance for the Application of Paragraph 16 of EITF Issue No. 03-1 which was subject to comments through October 29, 2004. As a result of the comments received, the FASB will reconsider EITF 03-1 in its entirety, therefore the impact of FSP EITF 03-1-a on the Companys financial position or results of operations cannot be determined at this time. Under the proposed guidance, it may be more likely that a decrease in the market value of certain investments in the Companys fixed income portfolio will be required to be recognized as a realized loss in the statement of operations than under existing accounting standards.
In December 2004 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Statement No. 123R, Share-Based Payment. This statement is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. The fair value recognition provisions of FASB No 123 were voluntarily adopted by the Company in 2003 prospectively to all employee awards granted or modified on or after January 1, 2003 under FASB No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation Transition and Disclosure. The adoption did not have a material effect on the Companys results of operations or its financial position. FASB No. 123R requires that the compensation
Page 7
cost relating to share-based payment transactions be measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instrument issued and be recognized in the financial statements of the company. In April 2005 the effective date of this statement was delayed. FAS 123R is now effective for annual reporting periods that begin after June 15, 2005. The statement will be adopted by the Company beginning January 1, 2006 under the modified prospective method. The adoption will not have a material effect on the Companys results of operations or its financial position.
Note 2 Short- and long-term debt
The Company has a $285 million commercial paper program, which is rated A-1 by Standard and Poors (S&P) and P-1 by Moodys. At March 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company had $155.5 million and $100.5 million in commercial paper outstanding with a weighted average interest rate of 2.85% and 1.10%, respectively.
In March of 2005, the Company obtained a $300 million, five year revolving credit facility, expiring in 2010. The facility replaced the previous $285 million facility that was due to expire in 2006. Under the terms of the credit facility, the Company must maintain shareholders equity of at least $2.25 billion and Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation (MGIC) must maintain a risk-to-capital ratio of not more than 22:1 and maintain policyholders position (which includes MGICs statutory surplus and its contingency reserve) of not less than the amount required by Wisconsin insurance regulation. At March 31, 2005, the Company met these requirements. The facility will continue to be used as a liquidity back up facility for the outstanding commercial paper. The remaining credit available under the facility after reduction for the amount necessary to support the commercial paper was $144.5 million at March 31, 2005.
The Company had $300 million, 7.5% Senior Notes due in October 2005 and $200 million, 6% Senior Notes due in 2007 outstanding at March 31, 2005 and 2004. The Company intends to refinance the $300 million of Senior Notes due in October through the issuance of senior debt. In March 2005, the Company obtained a bank commitment for a credit facility of $300 million expiring on the earlier of 364 days from the closing date of the facility or the repayment of the 7.5% Senior Notes. The Company intends to draw upon this facility to refinance these Senior Notes if they cannot otherwise be refinanced. At March 31, 2005 and 2004, the market value of the outstanding debt was $667.3 million and $641.7 million, respectively.
Interest payments on all long-term and short-term debt were $8.6 million and $7.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In March 2005, a swap designated as a cash flow hedge was amended to coincide with the new credit facility. Under the terms of the swap contract, the Company pays a fixed rate of 5.07% and receives an interest rate based on LIBOR. The swap has an expiration date coinciding with the maturity of the credit facility and is designated as a cash flow hedge. The cash flow swap outstanding at March 31, 2005 and 2004 is evaluated quarterly using regression analysis with any ineffectiveness being recorded as an expense. To date this evaluation has not resulted in any hedge ineffectiveness. Swaps are subject to credit risk to the extent the counterparty would be unable to discharge its obligations under the swap agreements.
Page 8
Expense on the interest rate swaps for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 of approximately $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively, was included in interest expense. Gains or losses arising from the amendment or termination of interest rate swaps are deferred and amortized to interest expense over the life of the hedged items.
Note 3 Litigation and contingencies
The Company is involved in litigation in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate resolution of this pending litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position or results of operations of the Company.
Consumers are bringing a growing number of lawsuits against home mortgage lenders and settlement service providers. In recent years, seven mortgage insurers, including the Companys MGIC subsidiary, have been involved in litigation alleging violations of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, which is commonly known as RESPA, and the Fair Credit Reporting Act, which is commonly known as FCRA. MGICs settlement of class action litigation against it under RESPA became final in October 2003. MGIC settled the named plaintiffs claims in litigation against it under FCRA in late December 2004 following denial of class certification in June 2004. There can be no assurance that MGIC will not be subject to future litigation under RESPA or FCRA.
Spokesmen for insurance commissioners in Colorado and North Carolina have been publicly reported as saying that those commissioners are considering investigating or reviewing captive mortgage reinsurance arrangements. Insurance departments or other officials in other states may also conduct such investigations or reviews. The anti-referral fee provisions of RESPA provide that HUD as well as the insurance commissioner or attorney general of any state may bring an action to enjoin violations of these provisions of RESPA. The insurance law provisions of many states prohibit paying for the referral of insurance business and provide various mechanisms to enforce this prohibition. While the Company believes its captive reinsurance arrangements are in conformity with applicable laws and regulations, it is not possible to predict the outcome of any such reviews or investigations nor is it possible to predict their effect on the Company or the mortgage insurance industry.
Under its contract underwriting agreements, the Company may be required to provide certain remedies to its customers if certain standards relating to the quality of the Companys underwriting work are not met. The cost of remedies provided by the Company to customers for failing to meet these standards has not been material to the Companys financial position or results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.
Note 4 Earnings per share
The Companys basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS) have been calculated in accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share. The Companys net income is the same for both basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is based on the weighted average
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number of common shares outstanding. Diluted EPS is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents which include stock awards and stock options. The following is a reconciliation of the weighted average number of shares used for basic EPS and diluted EPS.
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
| (Shares in thousands) | ||||||||
Weighted
average shares - Basic |
95,265 | 98,674 | ||||||
Common stock equivalents |
519 | 500 | ||||||
Weighted
average shares - Diluted |
95,784 | 99,174 | ||||||
Note 5 Comprehensive income
The Companys total comprehensive income, as calculated per SFAS No. 130, Reporting Comprehensive Income, was as follows:
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| March 31, | ||||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | |||||||
| (In thousands of dollars) | ||||||||
Net income |
$ | 182,013 | $ | 130,073 | ||||
Other comprehensive (loss) income |
(56,692 | ) | 8,399 | |||||
Total comprehensive income |
$ | 125,321 | $ | 138,472 | ||||
Other comprehensive income (loss) (net of tax): |
||||||||
Change in unrealized net derivative gains and losses |
$ | 711 | $ | (111 | ) | |||
Amortization of deferred losses on derivatives |
203 | 270 | ||||||
Change in unrealized gains and losses on investments |
(58,356 | ) | 9,263 | |||||
Other |
750 | (1,023 | ) | |||||
Other comprehensive (loss) income |
$ | (56,692 | ) | $ | 8,399 | |||
At March 31, 2005, accumulated other comprehensive income of $66.7 million included $67.7 million of net unrealized gains on investments and ($1.0) million relating to derivative financial instruments. At December 31, 2004, accumulated other comprehensive income of $123.4 million included $126.0 million of net unrealized gains on investments, ($1.9) million relating to derivative financial instruments and ($0.7) million relating to the accumulated other comprehensive loss of the Companys joint venture investment.
Page 10
Note 6 Benefit Plans
The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit cost for the pension and other postretirement benefit plans:
| March 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| Other Postretirement | ||||||||||||||||
| Pension Benefits | Benefits | |||||||||||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||
| (In thousands of dollars) | ||||||||||||||||
Service cost |
$ | 2,210 | $ | 2,491 | $ | 919 | $ | 946 | ||||||||
Interest cost |
2,371 | 2,250 | 984 | 954 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(3,355 | ) | (2,590 | ) | (560 | ) | (430 | ) | ||||||||
Recognized net actuarial loss (gain) |
| 379 | 127 | 187 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of transition obligation |
| | 71 | 133 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost |
185 | 183 | | | ||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost |
$ | 1,411 | $ | 2,713 | $ | 1,541 | $ | 1,790 | ||||||||
The Company previously disclosed in its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004 that it expected to contribute approximately $10.9 million and $4.9 million, respectively, to its pension and postretirement plans in 2005. As of March 31, 2005, no contributions have been made.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Overview
Business and General Environment
The Company, through its subsidiary Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation (MGIC), is the leading provider of private mortgage insurance in the United States to the home mortgage lending industry. The Companys principal products are primary mortgage insurance and pool mortgage insurance. Primary mortgage insurance may be written through the flow market channel, in which loans are insured in individual, loan-by-loan transactions. Primary mortgage insurance may also be written through the bulk market channel, in which portfolios of loans are individually insured in single, bulk transactions.
The Companys results of operations are affected by:
| | Premiums written and earned |
Premiums written and earned in a year are influenced by:
| | New insurance written, which increases the size of the in force book of insurance. New insurance written is the aggregate principal amount of the mortgages that are insured during a period and is referred to as NIW. NIW is affected by many factors, including the volume of low down payment home mortgage originations and competition to provide credit enhancement on those mortgages, including competition from other mortgage insurers and alternatives to mortgage insurance, such as 80-10-10 loans. | |||
| | Cancellations, which reduce the size of the in force book of insurance that generates premiums. Cancellations due to refinancings are affected by the level of current mortgage interest rates compared to the mortgage coupon rates throughout the in force book. | |||
| | Premium rates, which are affected by the risk characteristics of the loans insured and the percentage of coverage on the loans. | |||
| | Premiums ceded to reinsurance subsidiaries of certain mortgage lenders and risk sharing arrangements with the GSEs. | |||
Premiums are generated by the insurance that is in force during all or a portion of the period. Hence, lower average insurance in force in one period compared to another is a factor that will reduce premiums written and earned, although this effect may be mitigated (or enhanced) by differences in the average premium rate between the two periods as well as by premium that is ceded. Also, NIW and cancellations during a period will generally have a greater effect on premiums written and earned in subsequent periods than in the period in which these events occur.
Page 12
| | Investment income |
The investment portfolio is comprised almost entirely of highly rated, fixed income securities. The principal factors that influence investment income are the size of the portfolio and its yield.
| | Losses incurred |
Losses incurred are the expense that results from a payment delinquency on an insured loan. As explained under Critical Accounting Policies in Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004, this expense is recognized only when a loan is delinquent. Losses incurred are generally affected by:
| | The state of the economy, which affects the likelihood that loans will become delinquent and whether loans that are delinquent cure their delinquency. | |||
| | The product mix of the in force book, with loans having higher risk characteristics generally resulting in higher delinquencies and claims. | |||
| | The average claim payment, which is affected by the size of loans insured (higher average loan amounts tend to increase losses incurred), the percentage coverage on insured loans (deeper average coverage tends to increase incurred losses), and housing values, which affect the Companys ability to mitigate its losses through sales of properties with delinquent mortgages. | |||
| | The distribution of claims over the life of a book. Historically, the first years after a loan is originated are a period of relatively low claims, with claims increasing substantially for several years after that and then declining, although persistency and the condition of the economy can affect this pattern. | |||
| | Underwriting and other expenses. | |||
The operating expenses of the Company generally vary primarily due to contract underwriting volume, which in turn generally varies with the level of mortgage origination activity. Contract underwriting generates fee income included in Other revenue.
The Companys results of operations are also affected by income from joint ventures. Joint venture income principally consists of the aggregate results of the Companys investment in two less than majority owned joint ventures, Credit-Based Asset Servicing and Securitization LLC (C-BASS) and Sherman Financial Group LLC (Sherman).
C-BASS: C-BASS is primarily an investor in the credit risk of credit-sensitive single-family residential mortgages. It finances these activities through borrowings included on its balance sheet and by securitization activities generally conducted through off-balance sheet entities. C-BASS generally retains the first-loss and other subordinate securities created in the securitization. The loans owned by C-BASS and underlying C-BASSs mortgage securities investments are serviced by Litton Loan Servicing LP, a subsidiary of C-BASS (Litton). Littons servicing operations primarily support
Page 13
C-BASSs investment in credit risk, and investments made by funds managed or co-managed by C-BASS, rather than generating fees for servicing loans owned by third-parties.
C-BASSs consolidated results of operations are affected by:
| | Net interest income |
Net interest income is principally a function of the size of C-BASSs portfolio of whole loans and mortgage and other securities, and the spread between the interest income generated by these assets and the interest expense of funding them. Interest income from a particular security is recognized based on the expected yield for the security.
| | Gain on sale and liquidation |
Gain on sale and liquidation results from sales of mortgage and other securities, and liquidation of mortgage loans. Securities may be sold in the normal course of business or because of the exercise of call rights by third parties. Mortgage loan liquidations result from loan payoffs, from foreclosure or from sales of real estate acquired through foreclosure.
| | Servicing revenue |
Servicing revenue is a function of the unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans serviced and servicing fees and charges. The unpaid principal balance of mortgage loans serviced by Litton is affected by mortgages acquired by C-BASS because servicing on subprime and other mortgages acquired is generally transferred to Litton. Litton also services or provides special servicing on loans in mortgage securities owned by funds managed or co-managed by C-BASS. Litton also may obtain servicing on loans in third party mortgage securities acquired by C-BASS or when the loans become delinquent by a specified number of payments (known as special servicing).
| | Gain on securitization |
Gain on securitization is a function of the face amount of the collateral in the securitization and the margin realized in the securitization. This margin depends on the difference between the proceeds realized in the securitization and the purchase price paid by C-BASS for the collateral. The proceeds realized in a securitization include the value of securities created in the securitization that are retained by C-BASS.
| | Revenues from money management activities |
These revenues include management fees from C-BASS issued collateralized bond obligations (CBOs), equity in earnings from C-