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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2004 |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the Transition Period
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Commission File Number: 001-31216
McAfee, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware |
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77-0316593 |
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number) |
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3965 Freedom Circle
Santa Clara, California
(Address of principal executive offices) |
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95054
(Zip Code) |
Registrants telephone number, including area code:
(408) 988-3832
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act:
Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value,
together with associated Rights
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers
pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the
registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated
filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Act). Yes þ No o
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by
non-affiliates of the issuer as of the last business day of the
Registrants most recently completed second fiscal quarter
(June 30, 2004) was approximately $2.8 billion. The
number of shares outstanding of the issuers common stock
as of February 28, 2005 was 163,500,000.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III are
incorporated by reference from the Registrants Proxy
Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on
May 25, 2005.
This document contains 126 pages.
MCAFEE INC.
FORM 10-K
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1
PART I
General
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking
statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The statements
contained in the Report on Form 10-K that are not
purely historical are forward-looking statements within the
meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and
Section 21E of the Exchange Act, including, without
limitation, statements regarding our expectations, beliefs,
intentions or strategies regarding the future. All
forward-looking statements included in this Report on
Form 10-K are based on information available to us on the
date hereof. These statements involve known and unknown risks,
uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual
results to differ materially from those implied by the
forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify
forward-looking statements by terminology such as
may, will, should,
could, expects, plans,
anticipates, believes,
estimates, predicts,
potential, targets, goals,
projects, continue, or variations of
such words, similar expressions, or the negative of these terms
or other comparable terminology. Although we believe that the
expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are
reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of
activity, performance or achievements. Therefore, actual results
may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any
forward-looking statements. Neither we nor any other person can
assume responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of
forward-looking statements. Important factors that may cause
actual results to differ from expectations include, but are not
limited to, those discussed in Risk Factors
beginning on page 10 in this document. We undertake no
obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking
statements for any reason.
We were incorporated in 1992. In June 2004, we changed our name
to McAfee, Inc. from Network Associates, Inc. We previously
changed our name from McAfee Associates, Inc. to Network
Associates, Inc. in conjunction with our December 1997 merger
with Network General Corporation. In July 2004, we completed the
sale of the Sniffer business assets acquired in the Network
General merger. In 1999, our subsidiary McAfee.com sold to the
public its Class A common stock as a part of its initial
public offering. In September 2002, we repurchased the 25%
minority interest in McAfee.com and merged McAfee.com with and
into us.
This report includes registered trademarks and trade names of
McAfee and other corporations. Trademarks or trade names owned
by McAfee and/or its affiliates include: McAfee and
Network Associates.
McAfee, Inc. is headquartered at 3965 Freedom Circle,
Santa Clara, California, 95054, and the telephone number at
that location is (408) 988-3832. The McAfee web site is
www.mcafee.com.
OVERVIEW
We are a leading supplier of computer security solutions
designed to prevent intrusions on networks and protect computer
systems from a large variety of threats and attacks. We offer
two families of products, McAfee System Protection Solutions and
McAfee Network Protection Solutions. Our computer security
solutions are offered primarily to large enterprises,
governments, small and medium-sized businesses and consumer
users. We operate our business in five geographic regions: North
America; Europe, Middle East and Africa, (collectively referred
to as EMEA); Japan; Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan)
and Latin America. See Note 19 to the consolidated
financial statements for a description of revenues, operating
income and assets by geographic region.
Our McAfee Protection-in-Depth Strategy is designed to provide a
complete set of system and network protection solutions
differentiated by intrusion prevention technology that can
detect and block known and
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unknown attacks. To more effectively market our products in our
various geographic sales regions, as more fully described below,
we have combined complementary products into separate product
groups as follows:
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McAfee System Protection Solutions, which delivers anti-virus
and security products and services designed to protect systems
such as desktops and servers and |
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McAfee Network Protection Solutions, which offers products
designed to maximize the performance and security of networks
and network intrusion prevention with McAfee IntruShield and
McAfee Foundstone. We sold our Sniffer Technologies product line
to Network General Corporation on July 16, 2004.
Previously, this product line included products designed to
capture data, monitor network traffic and collect and report on
key network statistics, and comprised a significant portion of
our revenue. |
The majority of our net revenue has historically been derived
from our McAfee Security anti-virus products and our Sniffer
Technologies network fault identification and application
performance management products, which we sold in July 2004. We
have also focused our efforts on building a full line of
complementary network and system protection solutions. On the
system protection side, we strengthened our anti-virus lineup by
adding complementary products in the anti-spam and host
intrusion prevention categories. On the network protection side,
we have added products in the network intrusion prevention and
detection category, and through our October 2004 Foundstone
acquisition, vulnerability management products and services. We
continuously seek to expand our product lines.
In 2004, our net revenue was $910.5 million and net income
was $225.1 million. See Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
McAfee System Protection Solutions
McAfee System Protection Solutions help large enterprises,
small/medium businesses, consumers, government agencies and
educational organizations assure the availability and security
of their desktops, application servers and web service engines.
The McAfee System Protection Solutions portfolio features a
range of products including anti-virus, anti-spyware, managed
services, application firewalls and McAfee Entercept for
host-based intrusion prevention. Each is backed by the McAfee
Anti-Virus Emergency Response Team, a leading threat research
organization. A substantial majority of our net revenue has
historically been derived from our McAfee Security anti-virus
products.
McAfee System Protection Solutions also includes McAfee Consumer
Security, offering both traditional retail products and our
on-line subscription services. Our consumer retail and on-line
subscription applications allow users to protect their PCs from
malicious code and other attacks, repair PCs from damage caused
by viruses and spyware and block spam and other undesirable
content. Our retail products are sold through retail outlets,
including Best Buy, CompUSA, Costco, Dixons, Frys, Office
Depot, Office Max, Staples, Wal-Mart and Yamada, to single users
and small home offices in the form of traditional boxed product.
These products include for-fee software updates and technical
support services. Our on-line subscription services are
delivered through the use of an Internet browser at our
McAfee.com web site and through multiple on-line service
providers, such as AOL and Comcast, and original equipment
manufacturers, or OEMs, such as Apple, Dell, Gateway/eMachines
and NEC.
Our McAfee System Protection Solutions previously included our
Magic Service Solutions product line, offering management and
visibility of desktop and server systems. In January 2004, we
sold our Magic Solutions product line to BMC Software.
McAfee Network Protection Solutions
McAfee Network Protection Solutions helps enterprises, small
businesses, government agencies, educational organizations and
service providers maximize the availability, performance and
security of their network infrastructure. The McAfee Network
Protection Solutions portfolio features a range of products
including IntruShield for network intrusion detection and
prevention and Foundstone for intrusion detection and prevention
and vulnerability management.
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We acquired Foundstone on October 1, 2004. We intend to
integrate Foundstones products with our intrusion
prevention technologies and systems management capabilities to
deliver enhanced risk management of prioritized assets,
automated shielding and risk remediation, and automated policy
enforcement and compliance.
Expert Services and Technical Support
We have established Expert Services and Technical Support to
provide professional assistance in the design, installation,
configuration and implementation of our customers networks
and acquired products. Expert Services is focused on two service
markets: Consulting Services and Education Services.
Consulting Services support product integrations and deployment
with an array of standardized and custom offerings. Consulting
Services also offer other services in both the security and
networking areas, including early assessment and design work, as
well as emergency outbreak and network troubleshooting
assistance. Our consulting services organization is organized
around our product groups. The majority of our consulting
services are now delivered through the consulting resources
acquired in the Foundstone acquisition.
Education Services offer customers an extensive curriculum of
web and classroom-based training focused on the deployment and
operation of McAfees security products.
The PrimeSupport program provides our customers on-line and
telephone-based technical support in an effort to ensure that
our products are installed and working properly. To meet
customers varying needs, PrimeSupport offers a choice of
the on-line ServicePortal or the telephone-based Connect,
Priority and Enterprise. All PrimeSupport programs include
software updates and upgrades. PrimeSupport is available to all
customers worldwide from various regional support centers.
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PrimeSupport ServicePortal Consists of a
searchable, knowledge base of technical solutions and links to a
variety of technical documents such as product FAQs and
technical notes. |
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PrimeSupport Connect Provides toll-free
telephone access to technical support during regular business
hours and access to the on-line ServicePortal. |
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PrimeSupport Priority Provides priority,
unlimited, toll-free (where available) telephone access to
technical support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and
access to the on-line ServicePortal. |
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PrimeSupport Enterprise Offers proactive,
personalized service and includes an assigned technical support
engineer from our Enterprise support team, proactive support
contact (telephone or email) with customer-defined frequency,
election of five designated customer contacts and access to the
on-line ServicePortal. |
In addition, we also offer our consumer users technical support
services made available at our mcafee.com website on both a free
and fee-based basis, depending on the support level selected.
Research and Development
We are committed to malicious code and vulnerability research
through our McAfee Anti-virus and Vulnerability Emergency
Response Team (AVERT). AVERT conducts research in the areas of
host intrusion prevention, network intrusion prevention,
wireless intrusion prevention, malicious code defense, security
policy and management, high-performance assurance and forensics
and threats, attacks, vulnerabilities and architectures.
In December 2004, we agreed to sell the assets of McAfee Labs,
our research and development organization focused on exploiting
government research, to SPARTA, Inc. The transaction is expected
to close in the first half of 2005. McAfee will remain as the
general contractor on certain of its government contracts until
government approval is obtained for SPARTA as the general
contractor.
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Strategic Alliances
From time to time, we enter into strategic alliances with third
parties to support our future growth plans. These relationships
may include joint technology development and integration,
research cooperation, co-marketing activities and sell-through
arrangements. For example, we have an alliance with America
Online under which, among other things, our on-line PC
anti-virus services are offered to AOL members as part of their
basic membership. We also provide our host-based email scanning
services and personal firewall services as a value-added service
to AOL. As part of our NTT DoCoMo alliance, we are jointly
developing technology to provide built-in anti-virus protection
against mobile threats to owners of 3G FOMA handsets. Other
alliances involve Comcast, Dell, NEC, Telecom Italia, Telefonica
and Wanadoo.
Product Licensing Model
We typically license our products to corporate and government
customers on a perpetual basis. Most of our licenses are sold
with maintenance contracts, and typically these are sold on an
annual basis. As the maintenance contracts near expiration, we
contact customers to renew their contracts, as applicable. We
typically sell perpetual licenses in connection with sales of
our hardware-based products in which software is bundled with
the hardware platform.
For our largest customers (over 2,000 nodes) and government
agencies, we also offer two-year term-based licenses. Our
two-year term licensing model also creates the opportunity for
recurring revenue through the renewal of existing licenses. By
offering two-year licenses, as opposed to traditional perpetual
licenses, we are also able to meet a lower initial cost
threshold for customers with annual budgetary constraints. We
also offer one-year licensing arrangements in Japan. The renewal
process provides an opportunity to cross-sell new products and
product lines to existing customers.
On-Line Subscriptions and Managed Applications
For our on-line subscription services, customers essentially
rent the use of our software. Because our on-line
subscription services are version-less, or
self-updating, customers subscribing to these services are
assured of using the most recent version of the software
application, eliminating the need to purchase product updates or
upgrades. Our on-line subscription consumer products and
services are found at our www.mcafee.com web site where
consumers download our anti-virus application using their
Internet browser which allows the application to detect and
eliminate viruses on their PCs, repair their PCs from damage
caused by viruses, optimize their hard drives and update their
PCs virus protection system with current software updates
and upgrades. Our www.mcafee.com web site also offers customers
access to McAfee Personal Firewall Plus, McAfee SpamKiller and
McAfee Privacy Service, as well as combinations of these
services through bundles. Our on-line subscription services are
also available to customers and small business through various
relationships with internet service providers
(ISPs), such as AOL and Comcast. Our business
model allows for ISPs to make McAfee subscription services
available as either a premium service or as a feature included
in the ISPs service. At December 31, 2004, we had
approximately 8.5 million McAfee consumer on-line
subscribers, which includes on-line customers obtained through
our alliances with ISPs and OEMs.
Similarly, our small and medium sized business on-line
subscription products and services, or our Managed VirusScan
offerings, provide these customers the most up-to-date
anti-virus software. Our Managed VirusScan service provides
anti-virus protection for both desktops and file servers. In
addition, McAfee Managed Mail Protection screens emails to
detect and quarantine viruses and infected attachments, and Spam
and Desktop Firewall ASaP blocks unauthorized network access and
stops known network threats. Our McAfee Managed Small Business
service has approximately 2.2 million active subscriptions
as of December 31, 2004.
We also make our on-line subscription products and services
available over the Internet in what we refer to as a managed
environment. Unlike our on-line subscription service solutions,
these managed service providers, or MSP, solutions are
customized, monitored and updated by networking professionals
for a specific customer.
5
Sales and Marketing
To augment and capitalize upon our marketing efforts, our sales
and marketing activities are directed primarily at large
corporate and government customers, small and medium-sized
accounts, as well as resellers, distributors, system
integrators, internet service providers and OEMs worldwide
through the channels listed below.
Our United States sales force is organized by type of customer
product line supported. Some of our largest accounts are handled
by a direct sales organization. Other medium to large customers
are served primarily through reseller partners, and the sales
organizations supporting these partners are also organized by
product line. One set of sales representatives focuses on the
McAfee anti-virus installed base. A second focuses on our newer
intrusion prevention products and risk management. Small
business customers are served exclusively through our reseller
partners with a telesales organization responsible for lead
generation and a channel support team responsible for partner
training and contract management.
We have sales and support operations in EMEA, Japan, North
America, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan) and Latin America. In
2004, 2003, and 2002 based on net revenue in our regions,
revenues outside of North America accounted for approximately
39%, 35% and 37% of our net revenues, respectively. Within our
international sales regions, sales forces are organized by
country when and where local demand and sales force
considerations make it advisable.
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Resellers and Distributors |
The majority of our products are sold through partners,
including corporate resellers, retailers and, indirectly,
through distributors in all of our geographic regions. In
addition, our channel efforts include strategic alliances with
complementary manufacturers and publishers to expand our reach
and scale. We currently utilize corporate resellers, including
ASAP Software, CDW, Dell, Insight, Softmart, Software House
International and Software Spectrum, as well as network
integrators who offer our solutions and sell site licenses of
our software to corporate, small business and government
customers.
Independent software distributors who currently supply our
products include GE Access, Ingram Micro, MOCA and Tech Data.
Our relationship with Merisel America terminated during 2004.
These distributors supply our products primarily to large
retailers, value-added resellers, or VARs, mail order and
telemarketing companies. Both through our authorized
distributors and directly with certain retail resellers either
through a consignment model or a non-consignment model, we sell
our retail packaged products to several of the larger computer
and software retailers, including Best Buy, CompUSA, Costco,
Dixons, Frys, Office Depot, Office Max, Staples, Wal-Mart
and Yamada. Members of our channel sales force work closely with
our major reseller and distributor accounts to manage demand
generating activities, training, order flow, and affiliate
relationship management.
Our top ten distributors typically account for between 49% and
63% of our net revenues in any quarter. Our agreements with our
distributors are not exclusive and may be terminated by either
party without cause. Terminated distributors may not continue to
represent our products. If one of our significant distributors
terminated its relationship with us, we could experience a
significant interruption in the distribution of our products.
We utilize a sell-through business model for distributors under
which we recognize revenue on products sold through distributors
at the time our distributors resell the products to their
customers. Under this business model, our distributors are
permitted to purchase software licenses at the same time they
fill customer orders and to pay for hardware and retail products
only when these products are resold to the distributors
customers. In addition, prior to the resale of our products, our
distributors are permitted unlimited, unconditional rights of
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return. After sale by the distributor to its customer, there is
generally no right of return from the distributor to us with
respect to such product, unless we approve the return from the
final customer to the distributor.
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Original Equipment Manufacturers |
OEMs license our products for resale to end users or inclusion
with their products. For example, we are a security services
provider for PC hardware manufacturers such as Apple, Dell,
Gateway/eMachines and NEC. Depending on the arrangement, OEMs
may sell our software bundled with the PC or related services,
pre-install our software and allow us to complete the sale, or
sublicense a single version of our products to end users who
must register the product with us in order to receive updates.
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Other Marketing Activities |
Channel marketing is the means by which we market, promote,
train and incent our resellers and distributors to promote our
products to their end-user customers. We offer our resellers and
distributors technical and sales training classes, marketing and
sales assistance kits. We also provide specific cooperative
marketing programs for end-user seminars, catalogs, demand
creation and sales events.
One of the principal means of marketing our products and
services is through the Internet. In addition to the
www.mcafee.com website, each of our product groups has their own
individual websites. A number of these websites are localized to
serve the various geographic regions in which we operate. Not
only does each of these websites contain various marketing
materials and information about our products, but website
visitors may download and purchase products or obtain free
trials of our products or trial subscriptions for on-line
subscription products and services. We also promote our products
and services through advertising activities in trade
publications, direct mail campaigns and strategic arrangements.
In addition, we attend trade shows, sponsor conferences and
publish a quarterly newsletter, which is mailed to existing and
prospective customers.
We also market our products through the use of rebate programs.
Within most countries we typically offer two types of rebate
programs, volume incentive rebates to channel partners and
promotional rebates to end-users. The channel partner earns a
volume incentive rebate primarily based upon its sale of our
products to end-users. From time to time, we also make rebates
available to individual users of various products purchased
through multiple channels.
Customers
We primarily market our products to large corporate and
government customers through resellers and distributors, except
for the very largest companies where we sell direct. A majority
of our products are distributed indirectly through resellers and
distributors. During 2004, Ingram Micro and TechData accounted
for approximately 22% and 11% of our net revenue, respectively.
We market our products to individual consumers directly through
on-line distribution channels and indirectly through traditional
distribution channels, such as retail stores and OEMs. McAfee
Consumer is responsible for on-line distribution of our products
sold to individual consumers over the Internet or for
Internet-based products, including products distributed by our
on-line partners, and for the licensing of technology to
strategic distribution partners for sale to individual
consumers, with certain exceptions.
Product Development, Investments, and Acquisitions
We believe that our ability to maintain our competitiveness
depends in large part upon our ability to successfully enhance
existing products, develop and acquire new products and develop
and integrate acquired products. The market for computer
software includes low barriers to entry, rapid technological
change, and is highly competitive with respect to timely product
introductions. As part of our growth strategy, we have made and
expect to continue to make investments in complementary
businesses, products and technologies.
In addition to developing new products, our internal development
staff is focused on developing upgrades and updates to existing
products and modifying and enhancing any acquired products.
Future upgrades and updates may include additional
functionality, respond to user problems or address compatibility
problems with new or changing operating systems and environments.
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For 2004, 2003 and 2002, we expensed $172.7 million,
$184.6 million and $148.8 million, respectively, on
research and development. See Managements Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations.
Manufacturing and Suppliers
Our manufacturing operations consist primarily of assembly,
testing and quality control of materials, components,
subassemblies and systems for our IntruShield, E-ppliance and
Foundstone products. We use a limited number of third-party
manufacturers for these manufacturing operations. Reliance on
third-party manufacturers, including software replicators,
involves a number of risks, including the lack of control over
the manufacturing process and the potential absence or
unavailability of adequate capacity. The loss of one of our
third-party manufacturers could disrupt our business.
Hardware-based products entail other risks, such as the
unavailability of critical components that are supplied by a
limited number of parties and greater obsolescence risks.
Competition
The markets for our products are intensely competitive and are
subject to rapid changes in technology. We also expect
competition to increase in the near-term. We believe that the
principal competitive factors affecting the markets for our
products include, but are not limited to:
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performance |
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quality |
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breadth of product group |
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integration of products |
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brand name recognition |
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price |
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functionality |
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innovation |
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customer support |
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frequency of upgrades and updates |
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manageability of products |
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reputation |
We believe that we compete favorably against our competitors in
each of these areas. However, some of our competitors have
longer operating histories, greater brand recognition, stronger
relationships with channel partners, larger technical staffs,
established relationships with hardware vendors and/or greater
financial, technical and marketing resources. These factors may
provide our competitors with an advantage in penetrating markets
with their network security and management products.
Anti-Virus. Our principal competitors in the anti-virus
market are Symantec and Computer Associates. Trend Micro remains
the strongest competitor in the Asian anti-virus market.
Dr. Ahns, F-Secure, Hauri, Panda, and Sophos are also
showing growth in their respective markets. Microsoft continues
to execute on its announced plans to enter all segments of the
anti-virus market and in furtherance of these plans has recently
acquired anti-virus providers GeCAD Software and Sybari Software
and anti-spyware provider Giant Company Software.
Network Security and Intrusion Detection and Protection.
Our principal competitors in the security market vary by product
type. For intrusion detection and prevention products, we
compete with Cisco Systems, Fortinet, Internet Security Systems,
Juniper Networks, Symantec and 3Com.
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Other Competitors. In addition to competition from large
technology companies such as EMC, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, and
Novell that may offer network and system protection products as
enhancements to their operating systems, we also face
competition from smaller companies and shareware authors that
may develop competing products.
Proprietary Technology
Our success depends significantly upon proprietary software
technology. We rely on a combination of patents, trademarks,
trade secrets and copyrights to establish and protect
proprietary rights to our software. However, these protections
may be inadequate or competitors may independently develop
technologies or products that are substantially equivalent or
superior to our products. Often, we do not obtain signed license
agreements from customers who license products from us. In these
cases, we include an electronic version of an end-user license
in all of our electronically distributed software and a printed
license in the box for our products. Since none of these
licenses are signed by the licensee, many legal authorities
believe that such licenses may not be enforceable under the laws
of many states and foreign jurisdictions. In addition, the laws
of some foreign countries either do not protect these rights at
all or offer only limited protection for these rights. The steps
taken by us to protect our proprietary software technology may
be inadequate to deter misuse or theft of this technology. For
example, we are aware that a substantial number of users of our
anti-virus products have not paid any license or support fees to
us.
Employees
As of December 31, 2004, we employed approximately 2,950
individuals worldwide. With limited exceptions, none of our
employees are represented by a labor union. We consider the
relationships with our employees to be positive. Competition for
qualified management and technical personnel is intense in the
software industry. Our continued success depends in part upon
our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. To date,
we believe that we have been successful in recruiting qualified
employees, but there is no assurance that we will continue to be
successful in the future.
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RISK FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk.
The risks described below are not the only ones facing our
company. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we
deem immaterial may also impair our business operations. Any of
the following risks could materially adversely affect our
business, operating results and financial condition and could
result in a complete loss of your investment.
Our Financial Results Will Likely Fluctuate.
Our revenues and operating results have varied significantly in
the past. We expect fluctuations in our operating results to
continue. As a result, we may not sustain profitability. Also,
we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our financial
results should not be relied upon as an indicator of our future
results. Our historical operating results include revenues and
expenses related to our Magic and our Sniffer product lines for
periods prior to their disposition in January 2004 and July
2004, respectively. For 2004, Magic and Sniffer accounted for
$2.9 million and $90.9 million, or less than 1% and
approximately 10%, respectively, of our total revenues. Our
expenses are based in part on our expectations regarding future
revenues and our post-Sniffer support obligations, making
expenses in the short term relatively fixed. We may be unable to
adjust our expenses in time to compensate for any unexpected
revenue shortfall.
Operational factors that may cause our revenues, gross margins
and operating results to fluctuate significantly from period to
period, include, but are not limited to:
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introduction of new products, product upgrades or updates by us
or our competitors; |
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volume, size, timing and contractual terms of new licenses and
renewals of existing licenses; |
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our perpetual plus licensing program, in the near
term; |
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the mix of products we sell and services we offer and whether
(i) our products are sold directly by us or indirectly
through distributors, resellers, ISPs such as AOL, and
others, (ii) the product is hardware or software based and
(iii) in the case of software licenses, the licenses are
perpetual licenses or time-based subscription licenses; |
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system, supply of manufactured products and personnel
limitations may adversely impact our ability to process the
large number of orders that typically occur near the end of a
fiscal quarter; |
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costs or charges related to our acquisitions or dispositions,
including our acquisitions of Foundstone in 2004 and of
Entercept Security Technologies and IntruVert Networks in 2003,
the dispositions of our Magic and Sniffer product lines and the
announced disposition of our McAfee Labs assets; |
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the components of our revenue that are deferred, including our
on-line subscriptions and that portion of our software licenses
attributable to support and maintenance; |
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stock-based compensation charges; |
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costs and charges related to certain events, including our
ongoing cost reduction and profitability plan, Sarbanes-Oxley
compliance efforts, litigation, reductions in force, relocation
of personnel and previous financial restatements; and |
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factors that lead to substantial drops in estimated values of
long-lived assets below their carrying value. |
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Seasonal and Macroeconomic Factors |
Our net revenue is typically lower in the first quarter when
many businesses experience lower sales, flat in the summer
months, due in part to the European holiday season, and higher
in the fourth quarter as customers typically complete annual
budgetary cycles.
10
It Is Difficult for Us to Accurately Estimate Operating
Results Prior to the End of a Quarter.
Although a significant portion of our revenue in any quarter
comes from previously deferred revenue, a meaningful part of our
revenue in any quarter depends on contracts entered into or
orders booked and shipped to end-user customers in that quarter.
Historically, we have experienced a trend toward more product
orders, and therefore, a higher percentage of revenue shipments,
in the last month of a quarter. Some customers believe they can
enhance their bargaining power by waiting until the end of a
quarter to place their order. Because we expect this trend to
continue, any failure or delay in the closing of new orders in a
given quarter could have a material adverse effect on our
quarterly operating results. Furthermore, because of this trend,
it is difficult for us to accurately estimate operating results
prior to the end of a quarter.
Our Business Transformation, Dispositions and Cost Reduction
Plan, Expose Us to Significant Risks.
In 2003, we continued our business transformation with the
IntruVert and Entercept acquisitions, followed by the sale of
our Magic Solutions and Sniffer Technologies product lines in
January and July 2004, respectively, the Foundstone acquisition
in October 2004, the announced sale of our McAfee Labs assets in
January 2005 and the changing of our name back to McAfee. Early
in 2004, we also began our ongoing cost reduction and
profitability plan with an objective of significantly improving
our operating margins by mid-2005. In January 2005 we completed
the move of our European finance and sales order operations
organization from the Netherlands to Ireland. These activities
are intended to, among other things, streamline our business,
better leverage the McAfee brand, better position us as the
leading provider of intrusion prevention solutions, and help
accelerate profit and growth. Risks related to these activities
include:
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our growth and/or profitability may not increase in the
near-term or at all and we may fail to achieve desired savings
or performance targets on a timely basis or at all; |
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an increased dependence on our channel and other partners to
sell our products, particularly to enterprise and small to
medium sized business (SMB) customers, following the
transfer of a significant portion of our direct sales force in
the Sniffer transaction; |
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our strategic positioning may result in our competing more
directly with larger, more established competitors, such as
Cisco Systems and Microsoft; |
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our business, including internal finance and IT operations, has
been and may continue to be disrupted and strained due to, among
other things, our cost saving measures, our Sniffer post-closing
support obligations (including our obligation to produce
stand-alone audited historical Sniffer financial statements) and
personnel losses; |
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we have centralized our order processing operations from Latin
America to Plano, Texas and we have also moved the EMEA shared
services center and our localization operations from Amsterdam
to Cork, Ireland. We have also transitioned a significant
portion of our research and development personnel to our
research facility in Bangalore, India. These events could result
in the loss of personnel unwilling to relocate, reduced service
levels due to time zone differences, difficulties in finding
personnel with sufficient language capabilities and loss of
direct, on-the-ground finance and accounting oversight in the
sales regions being serviced on a remote basis; |
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we may experience an undesired loss of sales, research and
development, finance and other personnel and it may be difficult
for us to find suitable replacements; |
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we have installed a new customer relationship management system,
providing our finance and sales teams information in a different
format than previously available and, in some cases, with less
information. During the transition period to our new system, we
may experience, among other things, related reduced operational
efficiencies, losses of information and a decreased ability to
monitor or forecast our business; |
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we may be unable to successfully expand our McAfee brand
significantly beyond our anti-virus products; |
11
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many of our products and service capabilities were recently
acquired and the income potential for these products and
services is unproven and the market for these products is
volatile; |
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there may be customer confusion around our strategy. |
We Are Subject to Intense Competition in the System and
Network Protection Markets, and We Expect to Face Increased
Competition in the Future.
The markets for our products are intensely competitive and we
expect both product and pricing competition to increase. Some of
our competitors have longer operating histories, greater name
recognition, larger technical staffs, established relationships
with hardware vendors and/or greater financial, technical and
marketing resources. We face competition in specific product
markets. Principal competitors include:
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in the anti-virus product market, Symantec and Computer
Associates. Trend Micro remains the strongest competitor in the
Asian anti-virus market. F-Secure, Dr. Ahns, Panda
and Sophos are also showing growth in their respective markets.
Microsoft has continued to make acquisitions and has announced
its intention to enter all segments of the anti-virus market at
the end of 2005; and |
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in the market for our other intrusion detection and protection
products, Cisco Systems, Computer Associates, Internet Security
Systems, Juniper Networks, Symantec and 3Com Corporation. |
Other competitors for our various products could include large
technology companies. We also face competition from numerous
smaller companies and shareware authors that may develop
competing products.
Increasingly, our competitors are large vendors of hardware or
operating system software. These competitors are continuously
developing or incorporating system and network protection
functionality into their products. For example, Juniper Networks
acquired Netscreen and, through its acquisitions of Okena,
Riverhead and NetSolv, Cisco Systems may incorporate
functionality that competes with our content filtering and
anti-virus products. Similarly, Microsoft continues to execute
on its announced plans to boost the security of its Windows
platform with related acquisitions including its acquisition of
anti-virus providers GeCAD Software and Sybari Software and
anti-spyware provider Giant Company Software. The widespread
inclusion of products that perform the same or similar functions
as our products within computer hardware or other
companies software products could reduce the perceived
need for our products or render our products obsolete and
unmarketable. Furthermore, even if these incorporated products
are inferior or more limited than our products, customers may
elect to accept the incorporated products rather than purchase
our products. In addition, the software industry is currently
undergoing consolidation as firms seek to offer more extensive
suites and broader arrays of software products, as well as
integrated software and hardware solutions. This consolidation
may negatively impact our competitive position.
We Face Risks in Connection With The Material Weaknesses
Resulting From Our Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 Management
Report and Any Related Remedial Measures That We Undertake.
In the first quarter of 2004, we restated previously reported
quarters of 2003; and in the second quarter of 2004, we restated
the previously reported first quarter of 2004. These matters
were identified by us and reported to our auditors. In
conjunction with these restatements, our former auditors and our
current auditors, respectively, reported that the underlying
control issues giving rise to the respective restatement should
be considered a material weakness under standards established by
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. In response to
these restatements, we implemented additional controls over
financial reporting.
In conjunction with (i) our ongoing reporting obligations
as a public company and (ii) the requirements of
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act that management
report as of December 31, 2004 on the effectiveness of our
internal control over financial reporting and identify any
material weaknesses in our internal control over financial
reporting, we engaged in a process to document, evaluate and
test our internal controls and procedures, including corrections
to existing controls and additional controls and procedures that
we may implement. As a result of this evaluation and testing
process, our management identified material weaknesses in our
internal control over financial reporting relating to accounting
for income taxes, revenue accounting, and the financial close
and reporting process. See Item 9A in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K
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for additional disclosure about these material weaknesses. In
response to these material weaknesses in our internal control
over financial reporting, we have implemented, and may be
required to further implement, additional controls and
procedures. In addition, in response to these material
weaknesses, we may have to hire additional personnel, possibly
requiring significant time and expense. As a result of the
material weaknesses identified in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K, even though our management believes that our
efforts to remediate and re-test certain internal control
deficiencies have resulted in the improved operation of our
internal control over financial reporting, we cannot be certain
that the measures we have taken or that are planning to take
will sufficiently and satisfactorily remediate the identified
material weaknesses in full. Furthermore, we intend to continue
improving our internal control over financial reporting, and the
implementation and testing of these continued improvements could
result in increased cost and could divert management attention
away from operating our business.
In future periods, if the process required by Section 404
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act reveals further material weaknesses or
significant deficiencies, the correction of any such material
weakness or significant deficiency could require additional
remedial measures which could be costly and time-consuming. In
addition, the discovery of further material weaknesses could
also require the restatement of prior period operating results.
If a material weakness exists as of a future period year-end
(including a material weakness identified prior to year-end for
which there is an insufficient period of time to evaluate and
confirm the effectiveness of the corrections or related new
procedures), our management will be unable to report favorably
as of such future period year-end to the effectiveness of our
control over financial reporting. If we are unable to assert
that our internal control over financial reporting is effective
in any future period (or if our independent auditors are unable
to express an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal
controls), or if we continue to experience material weaknesses
in our internal control over financial reporting, we could lose
investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our
financial reports, which would have an adverse effect on our
stock price and potentially subject us to litigation.
We Face Risks Related to the Pending Formal Securities and
Exchange Commission and Department of Justice Investigations and
Our Accounting Restatements.
In the first quarter of 2002, the SEC commenced a Formal
Order of Private Investigation into our accounting
practices. In the first quarter of 2003, we became aware that
the DOJ had commenced an investigation into our consolidated
financial statements. In April and May 2002, we announced our
intention to file, and in June 2002 we filed with the SEC,
restated consolidated financial statements for 2000, 1999 and
1998 to correct certain discovered inaccuracies for these
periods.
As a result of information obtained in connection with the
ongoing SEC and DOJ investigations, we concluded in March 2003,
that we would restate our consolidated financial statements to,
among other things, reflect revenue on sales to our distributors
for 1998 through 2000 on a sell-through basis (which is how we
reported sales to distributors since the beginning of 2001).
The filing of our restated consolidated financial statements in
October 2003 did not resolve the pending SEC inquiry or DOJ
investigation into our accounting practices. We are engaged in
ongoing discussions with, and continue to provide information
regarding our consolidated financial statements for calendar
year 2000 and prior periods. The resolution of the SEC inquiry
and DOJ investigation into our prior accounting practices could
involve the imposition of fines or penalties or other remedies.
Critical Personnel May Be Difficult to Attract, Assimilate
and Retain.
Our success depends in large part on our ability to attract and
retain senior management personnel, as well as technically
qualified and highly-skilled sales, consulting, technical and
marketing personnel. Personnel related issues include:
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Competition for Personnel; Need for Competitive Pay
Packages |
Competition for qualified individuals in our industry is
intense. To attract and retain critical personnel, we believe
that we must maintain an open and collaborative work
environment. We also believe we need to
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provide a competitive compensation package, including stock
options. Increases in shares available for issuance under our
stock option plans require stockholder approval. Institutional
stockholders, or our other stockholders generally, may not
approve future requests for option pool increases. For example,
at our 2003 annual meeting held in December 2003, our
stockholders did not approve a proposed increase in shares
available for grant under our employee stock option plans.
Additionally, beginning in July 2005, accounting standards will
require corporations to include a compensation expense in their
statement of income relating to the issuance of employee stock
options. As a result, we may decide to issue fewer stock
options, possibly impairing our ability to attract and retain
necessary personnel. Conversely, issuing a comparable number of
stock options could adversely impact our results of operations
when compared with periods prior to the effectiveness of these
new rules.
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Impact of Personnel Reductions |
In recent periods, we have sought to rationalize the size of our
employee base (including through the Sniffer sale). On
December 31, 2004, we had approximately 2,950 employees,
down from approximately 3,800 and 3,700 at the end of 2002 and
2003, respectively. Reductions in personnel, including as a
result of the Sniffer sale, may harm our business, employee
retention or our ability to attract new personnel by, among
other things, reducing overall employee morale, requiring
remaining personnel to perform a greater amount of, or new and
different, responsibilities or result in the loss of personnel
otherwise critical to our business.
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Reduced Productivity of New Hires; Senior Management
Additions |
Notwithstanding our ongoing efforts to reduce our general
personnel levels, we continue to hire in key areas and have
added a number of new employees in connection with our
IntruVert, Entercept and Foundstone acquisitions and increased
hiring activities in India. We increased our hirings in
Bangalore, India in connection with the relocation of a
significant portion of our research and development operations
to India.
Several members of our senior management were only added in the
last year, and we may add new members to senior management. In
January 2005, we hired Eric Brown as our new executive vice
president and chief financial officer, and in 2004, we promoted
Jake Pyles to the position of vice president of finance. In June
2004, we promoted Christopher Bolin to the position of executive
vice president and chief technology officer.
For new employees or management additions, there also may be
reduced levels of productivity as recent additions or hires are
trained or otherwise assimilate and adapt to our organization
and culture.
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Senior Management and Critical Personnel Losses |
Other than executive management who have at will
employment agreements, our employees are not typically subject
to an employment agreement or non-competition agreement. In
December 2004, Stephen Richards, our previous chief operating
officer and chief financial officer, retired and in November
2004 our controller resigned to pursue other opportunities. In
addition, in recent months we have experienced significant
turnover in our finance organization worldwide and replacing
these personnel remains difficult given the competitive market
for these skill sets.
It could be difficult, time consuming and expensive to replace
any key management member or other critical personnel.
Integrating new management and other key personnel also may be
difficult and costly. Changes in management or other critical
personnel may be disruptive to our business and might also
result in our loss of unique skills and the departure of
existing employees and/or customers. It may take significant
time to locate, retain and integrate qualified management
personnel.
We Face Risks Associated with Past and Future
Acquisitions.
We may buy or make investments in complementary companies,
products and technologies. For example, in October 2004, we
acquired Foundstone to bolster our risk assessment and
vulnerability management capabilities. We have not previously
acquired a company such as Foundstone, which offers high-end
security
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consulting services as part of their business model. We may not
realize the anticipated benefits from the Foundstone
acquisition. In addition to the risks described below,
acquisitions of professional services organizations present
unique employee retention and integration challenges as well as
customer retention challenges.
Integration of an acquired company or technology is a complex,
time consuming and expensive process. The successful integration
of an acquisition requires, among other things, that we:
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integrate and retain key management, sales, research and
development, and other personnel; |
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integrate the acquired products into our product offerings both
from an engineering and sales and marketing perspective; |
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integrate and support preexisting supplier, distribution and
customer relationships; |
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coordinate research and development efforts; and |
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consolidate duplicate facilities and functions and integrate
back office accounting, order processing and support functions. |
The geographic distance between the companies, the complexity of
the technologies and operations being integrated and the
disparate corporate cultures being combined may increase the
difficulties of integrating an acquired company or technology.
Managements focus on the integration of operations may
distract attention from our day-to-day business and may disrupt
key research and development, marketing or sales efforts. In
addition, it is common in the technology industry for aggressive
competitors to attract customers and recruit key employees away
from companies during the integration phase of an acquisition.
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Internal Controls, Policies and Procedures |
Acquired companies or businesses are likely to have different
standards, controls, contracts, procedures and policies, making
it more difficult to implement and harmonize company-wide
financial, accounting, billing, information and other systems.
Products or technologies acquired by us may include so-called
open source software. Open source software is
typically licensed for use at no initial charge, but imposes on
the user of the open source software certain requirements to
license to others both the open source software as well as the
software that relates to, or interacts with, the open source
software. Our ability to commercialize products or technologies
incorporating open source software or otherwise fully realize
the anticipated benefits of any such acquisition may be
restricted because, among other reasons:
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open source license terms may be ambiguous and may result in
unanticipated obligations regarding our products; |
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competitors will have improved access to information that may
help them develop competitive products; |
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open source software cannot be protected under trade secret law; |
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it may be difficult for us to accurately determine the
developers of the open source code and whether the acquired
software infringes third party intellectual property
rights; and |
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open source software potentially increases customer support
costs because licensees can modify the software and potentially
introduce errors. |
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Use of Cash and Securities |
Our available cash and securities may be used to acquire or
invest in companies or products, possibly resulting in
significant acquisition-related charges to earnings and dilution
to our stockholders. For example, in October 2004 we used
approximately $84.7 million, net of cash assumed, to
acquire Foundstone. Moreover, if we acquire a company, we may
have to incur or assume that companys liabilities,
including liabilities that may not be fully known at the time of
acquisition.
We Face Risks Related to Our International Operations.
During 2004 net revenue in our operating regions outside of
North America represented approximately 39% of our net revenue.
We intend to focus on international growth and expect
international revenue to remain a significant percentage of our
net revenue.
Related risks include:
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longer payment cycles and greater difficulty in collecting
accounts receivable; |
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increased costs and management difficulties related to the
building of our international sales and support organization; |
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the acceptance of our business strategy and the reorganization
of our international sales forces by regions; |
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the ability to successfully localize software products for a
significant number of international markets; |
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our ability to effectively provide service and support for our
hardware based products from the U.S.; |
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our ability to successfully establish, manage and staff shared
service centers for worldwide sales and finance and accounting
operations centralized from locations in the U.S. and Europe; |
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our ability to adapt to sales practices and customer
requirements in different cultures; |
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compliance with more stringent consumer protection and privacy
laws; |
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currency fluctuations, including recent weakness of the
U.S. dollar relative to other currencies, or the
strengthening of the U.S. dollar in future periods that may
have an adverse impact on revenues, and risks related to hedging
strategies; |
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political instability in both established and emerging markets; |
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tariffs, trade barriers and export restrictions; |
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a high incidence of software piracy in some countries; and |
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international labor laws and our relationship with our employees
and regional work councils. |
Additionally, our sales forces are organized by geographic
region. This structure may lead to sales force competition for
sales to multinational customers and may reduce our ability to
effectively market our products to multinational customers.
We May Incur Significant Stock-Based Compensation Charges
Related to Repriced Options, Assumed McAfee.com Options,
IntruVert Restricted Stock and Options, Foundstone Options and
Compensation Expenses Related to the Sniffer Bonus Plan and
Foundstone Retention Payments.
We may incur stock-based compensation charges related to
(i) employee options repriced in April 1999 (Repriced
Options), (ii) McAfee.com options we assumed in the
acquisition of the publicly traded McAfee.com shares in
September 2002 (McAfee.com Options)
(iii) unvested IntruVert options that were cancelled in May
2003 related to this acquisition (the IntruVert
Options) and exchanged for cash placed in escrow,
(iv) unvested IntruVert restricted stock that was cancelled
in May 2003 related to this acquisition (the IntruVert
Restricted Stock), and exchanged for monthly cash payments
as the former employees provide services to us,
(v) unvested Foundstone options assumed by us as part of
the acquisition, (vi) the
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Sniffer Bonus Plan and (vii) Foundstone key employee
retention payments. The size of the charges related to the
Repriced Options and McAfee.com Options could be significant
depending on the movements in the market value of our common
stock. As a result of Financial Accounting Standards Board
Interpretation No. 44, effective July 1, 2000,
Repriced Options and McAfee.com Options are subject to variable
accounting treatment. The stock-based compensation charge (or
credit) for the Repriced Options is determined by the excess of
our closing stock price at the end of a reporting period over
the fair value of our common stock on July 1, 2000,
equivalent to $20.375. The stock-based compensation charge (or
credit) for the McAfee Options is determined by the excess of
our closing stock price over the exercise price of the option
minus $11.85 payable upon exercise of the option. Remeasurement
of the charge continues until the earlier of the date of
exercise, forfeiture or cancellation without replacement. The
resulting compensation charge (or credit) to earnings will be
recorded over the remaining life of the options subject to
variable accounting treatment.
For 2004 and 2003, stock-based compensation charges of
approximately $6.7 million and $3.4 million,
respectively, were recorded for McAfee.com Options, and a
stock-based compensation charge of approximately
$3.3 million was recorded in 2004 for the Repriced Options.
During the remaining life of both the McAfee.com Options and
Repriced Options, we may record additional stock-based
compensation charges or credits. Such charges or credits cannot
be forecasted. We estimate that a $1 increase in our stock price
at December 31, 2004 would increase our future stock
compensation charge by approximately $0.7 million.
For the cash paid to cancel the IntruVert Options that was
placed in escrow, we have been recognizing compensation expense
as the former IntruVert employees provide services to us. For
2005, we expect to recognize $1.2 million in expense
related to these payments, and an additional $0.8 million
through 2007. For the IntruVert Restricted Stock, we have been
recognizing compensation expense monthly since the acquisition
and will continue to do so through 2006 as the former IntruVert
employees provide services to us. For 2005, we expect the
expense to be approximately $0.4 million with respect to
the IntruVert Restricted Stock.
In connection with the Foundstone acquisition, we exchanged
McAfee stock options for Foundstone stock options. Approximately
$1.4 million in compensation expense may be recorded
through 2008 related to unvested McAfee options which were
exchanged for unvested Foundstone options. We expect to record
approximately $0.6 million in compensation expense in 2005.
In connection with the Sniffer disposition, we implemented the
Sniffer Bonus Plan primarily to encourage Sniffers
management to assist us in the sales process and remain with the
business through the sale. Subject to reduction in certain
cases, we expect total related cash payments of approximately
$7.7 million, of which approximately $5.3 million was
paid in 2004 and the balance is payable in the first quarter of
2006.
Approximately $25.0 million of the amount paid to acquire
Foundstone was placed into escrow accounts. Of this amount,
approximately $5.6 million was placed into a key employee
escrow account and is being paid to four Foundstone employees as
they provide services to us through September 2007. The
Foundstone employees forfeit any unvested amounts if their
employment is terminated under provisions in the escrow
agreements. Any forfeited amounts will be returned to us. We
recognized compensation expense of approximately
$0.3 million in 2004, and expect to record approximately
$2.9 million of expense in 2005.
We Depend on Revenue from Our Flagship Anti-Virus
Products.
Our McAfee anti-virus software products account for a
substantial majority of our net revenues. Because of this
revenue concentration, our business could be harmed by a decline
in demand for, or in the prices of, our McAfee anti-virus
so