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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
Form 10-K
 
     
(Mark one)    
þ
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
    FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004
 
OR
 
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
    FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM           TO           .
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-24647
 
TERAYON COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
     
DELAWARE
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION
  77-0328533
(IRS EMPLOYER
IDENTIFICATION NO.)
4988 GREAT AMERICA PARKWAY
SANTA CLARA, CALIFORNIA 95054
(408) 235-5500
(ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE, OF THE
REGISTRANT’S PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
 
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
     
Title of Each Class:   Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered:
     
None   None
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
COMMON STOCK, par value $0.001 per share
(TITLE OF CLASS)
      Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirement for the past 90 days.     Yes þ          No o
      Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.     o
      Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).     Yes þ          No o
      The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $140,449,000 on June 30, 2004. For purposes of this calculation only, the registrant has excluded stock beneficially owned by directors and officers. By doing so, the registrant does not admit that such persons are affiliates within the meaning of Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933 or for any other purpose.
      Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: Common Stock, $0.001 par value, 76,786,521 shares outstanding as of February 28, 2005.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
      LIST HEREUNDER THE DOCUMENTS FROM WHICH PARTS THEREOF HAVE BEEN INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE AND THE PART OF THE FORM 10-K INTO WHICH SUCH INFORMATION IS INCORPORATED:
      Terayon Communication Systems, Inc definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report Part III
 
 


INDEX
TERAYON COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS, INC.
             
        Page No.
         
 PART I
   BUSINESS     3  
   PROPERTIES     11  
   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS     11  
   SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS     13  
 
 PART II
   MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES     13  
   SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA     16  
   MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS     17  
   QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK     54  
   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA     56  
   CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE     93  
   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES     93  
   OTHER INFORMATION     95  
 
 PART III
   DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT     95  
   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION     95  
   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS     95  
   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS     95  
   PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES     96  
 
 PART IV
   EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES     96  
 SIGNATURES     100  
 EXHIBIT 10.1
 EXHIBIT 10.26
 EXHIBIT 10.27
 EXHIBIT 10.28
 EXHIBIT 10.33
 EXHIBIT 21.1
 EXHIBIT 23.1
 EXHIBIT 31.1
 EXHIBIT 31.2
 EXHIBIT 32.1
 EXHIBIT 32.2

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SPECIAL NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
      This Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 which are subject to the safe harbor created by those sections. All statements included or incorporated by reference in this report, other than statements that are purely historical in nature, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are generally written in the future tense and/or are preceded by words such as may, will, should, expect, plan, anticipate, believe, estimate, predict, future, intend, or certain or the negative of these terms or similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include statements regarding:
  •  Our belief our current cash balances will be sufficient to satisfy our cash requirements for at least the next 12 months;
 
  •  Our belief that we are well positioned to capitalize on the emerging video market because of the success our digital video solution (DVS) products have had with the major U.S. cable operators and satellite providers, as well as our current success in digital ad insertion;
 
  •  Our belief that our full transition to an original design manufacturer in Asia during 2005 may allow us to remain competitive in the marketplace and maintain favorable margins on our products;
 
  •  Our expectation that, to the extent we are successful in shifting our product mix to higher margin DVS product revenues, our margins may increase;
 
  •  Our belief that we are well positioned to capitalize on the growing demand for broadband providers to provide advanced video services to their subscribers;
 
  •  Our belief that the ongoing migration of major broadband providers to all-digital networks represents a significant opportunity for companies like us with products and technologies that enable them to maximize their bandwidth and to utilize important new transport methods;
 
  •  Our belief that television providers will increasingly rely on overlay to maintain or even increase their advertising revenues and that our digital video processing systems will enable them to more cost-effectively do this;
 
  •  Our belief that cable, digital broadcast satellite and telecommunications companies will continue their investments in equipment to provide advanced services in a cost-effective manner to increase average revenues per unit from their subscribers;
 
  •  Our expectation that research and development expenses will continue to decrease in 2005; and
 
  •  Our expectation that general and administrative expenses will continue to decrease in 2005.
      Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties. The forward-looking statements contained in this report are based on information that is currently available to us and expectations and assumptions that we deemed reasonable at the time the statements were made. We do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements in this report or in any of our other communications, except as required by law. All such forward-looking statements should be read as of the time the statements were made and with the recognition that these forward-looking statements may not be complete or accurate at a later date. The business risks discussed in Item 7 of this Report on Form 10-K, among other things, should be considered in evaluating our prospects and future financial performance.
      This Report on Form 10-K includes trademarks and registered trademarks of Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. (Terayon or Company). Products or service names of other companies mentioned in this Report on Form 10-K may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.

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PART I
Item 1. Business
Overview
      We were founded in 1993 to provide cable operators with a cable data system enabling them to offer high-speed, broadband Internet access to their subscribers. By 1999, we were primarily selling this cable data system — composed of cable modems and cable modem termination systems (CMTS) — which utilized our proprietary Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (S-CDMA) technology. Also in 1999, we initiated an acquisition strategy to expand our product offerings within the cable industry and outside of the cable industry to the telecom and satellite industries. With the market downturn in 2000, we refocused our business to target the cable industry and began selling data and voice products based on industry standard specifications, particularly the Data Over Cable System Interface Specification (DOCSIS), thereby beginning our transition from proprietary-based products to standards-based products, and our digital video solutions (DVS) products to cable operators and satellite providers. Since 2000, we have terminated all of our acquired telecom and satellite-focused businesses and incurred restructuring charges in connection with these actions.
      In 2004, we decided to refocus our business and make DVS the center of our strategic direction. In particular, we have begun expanding our focus beyond cable operators to more aggressively pursue opportunities for our DVS products with television broadcasters, telecom carriers and satellite television providers. Additionally, as part of this decision, we also determined that we would continue to sell equipment for home access solutions (HAS), including cable modems, embedded multimedia terminal adapters (eMTA) and home networking devices, but ceased future investment in our CMTS product line. This decision was based on weak sales of the CMTS products and the anticipated extensive research and development investment required to support the product line in the future. As part of our decision to cease investment in the CMTS product line, we have incurred severance, restructuring charges and asset impairment charges.
      We were incorporated in California and reincorporated in Delaware in 1998. Our principal executive headquarters are located at 4988 Great America Parkway, Santa Clara, California 95054. Our telephone number is (408) 235-5500.
Industry Dynamics
      We participate in the worldwide market for equipment sold primarily to broadband providers, including cable operators, television broadcasters, telecom carriers and satellite providers. Our business is influenced by the following significant trends in our industry:
Expansion of the all-digital network
      During the next several years, we believe that broadband providers will, if they have not already done so, migrate their networks to all-digital operation in order to deliver new services and substantially improve network efficiency. This effort may require broadband providers to deploy new digital video products.
Ability to leverage network infrastructures to offer multiple products and services
      Within the last few years, several broadband providers have begun offering a “triple play” bundle of services that includes video, voice and high-speed data, over a single network, with the objective of capturing higher average revenues per subscriber, typically referred to as average revenues per unit. The delivery of “triple play” services has led to increased competition between the broadband providers, particularly among the various verticals, i.e. increased competition between the cable operators and telecom carriers. This competition has led the broadband providers to improve their infrastructure by purchasing equipment that allows them to provide the “triple play” of services.

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      An example of the competition between the broadband providers is the delivery of voice services where cable operators and other Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) providers are challenging the traditional telecom carriers. Consumer acceptance of VoIP telephony services has increased substantially during 2004. U.S. cable operators have been rolling out VoIP service in many of their cable systems during the past year and are currently expanding the service to new systems. In addition to cable operators, there are several other growing VoIP service providers — such as Vonage — which do not have their own physical networks, but utilize existing cable and telecom broadband networks. To offer voice service, cable operators and other VoIP service providers require that their residential subscribers use an eMTA or other consumer premise equipment (CPE) device.
Broadband providers must combat ad skipping technologies
      Consumers increasing use of personal video recorders (PVR) capable of skipping over commercial advertisements is a growing threat to broadband providers who face the possibility of lower advertising revenues from advertisers who are charged in large part on the number of viewers watching a program. To overcome the reduction of ad viewers because of ad skipping PVRs, broadband providers are increasingly seeking solutions of digital overlay techniques to directly insert ads into the program being aired. These “overlaid ads” typically appear in a lower corner of the television picture and cannot be skipped by PVRs as they appear within the TV program itself. We feel that television broadcasters will increasingly rely on overlay to maintain or even increase their advertising revenues.
Continued network investment to support new product requirements in competitive markets
      The cable, digital broadcast satellite, and telecommunications companies will continue their investments in equipment to provide advanced services in a cost-effective manner to increase ARPU from their subscribers. Though U.S. cable operators continued to decrease their capital spending in 2004, the amount of the decline was substantially lower than the previous year. According to Kagen Research, LLC in 2004 U.S. cable operators spent $9.5 billion on capital equipment, compared to $10.6 billion in 2003, a decline of $1.1 billion or 10% year over year. However, this compares favorably to the $3.6 billion or 27% decrease from the $14.5 billion spent in 2002 to 2003’s $10.6 billion. In addition, we believe that telecom carriers (in particular regional bell operating companies) offering low-priced broadband Internet services will become an increasing source of competition to traditional home video providers as they continue to upgrade their networks to offer video services including high definition digital television (HDTV) services.
Business
      We develop, market and sell equipment for DVS including our CherryPicker line of products and equipment for HAS including cable modems, eMTAs and home networking devices. Our DVS equipment allows broadband providers to deliver advanced digital video services, such as HDTV to generate advertising revenue by carrying ads for local advertisers and to build their brand awareness by overlaying their corporate logo directly into their programming. Our HAS enable cable operators to deliver and manage cost-effective broadband Internet access and VoIP telephony service.
      The delivery of broadband voice, video and data services requires expertise in radio frequency (RF) modulation, Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) digital video formats and Internet Protocol (IP). Our products leverage our expertise in these technologies and our experience in designing, developing and manufacturing complex equipment, such as digital video processing equipment. We provide our customers hardware and software products that allow them to deliver and manage cost-effective, robust broadband offerings for subscribers.
      In the digital video management system market, our expertise in MPEG processing technologies has helped us secure a leadership position in statistical remultiplexing and providing the cable and satellite operators with bandwidth management capabilities for standard definition (SD) and HDTV. Our DVS products enable broadband providers to maximize their SD and HDTV digital programming through rate shaping, grooming and advertisement insertion. We believe we are well positioned to capitalize on the growing

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demand for broadband providers to provide advanced video services to their subscribers, including bandwidth intensive applications such as HDTV and Video on Demand (VOD).
      We believe our DVS processing systems enable broadband providers to more cost-effectively overlay ads directly into their programming. Currently, our DM 6400 Network CherryPicker (for cable operators and satellite providers) and our BP 5100 (for television broadcasters) enable the overlay of ads completely within the digital domain. This approach is more efficient compared to the traditional approach which requires the ad and the program to first be converted from digital to analog video, at which point the ad is overlaid and then both are re-encoded back to digital. Since our method works entirely in the digital domain, there is no need for costly decoders to convert the digital video to analog and separate re-encoders to then convert the analog video back to digital.
Business Strategy
      Our goal is to be the leading provider of DVS and HAS in order to optimize the delivery of video, voice and data for broadband service providers on a worldwide solution basis. To achieve this goal, we are pursuing the following strategies:
  •  capitalize on the increasing demand for advanced video services, including HDTV and VOD, by leveraging our strength in the market for digital video bandwidth management products;
 
  •  use our expertise in DOCSIS, IP, MPEG and RF technologies to evolve our solutions into an intelligent access platform capable of more effectively delivering and managing “triple play” bundled services for broadband providers;
 
  •  increase the distribution capabilities of our DVS products through reseller channels including developing new and expanding existing system integration partnerships such as Harmonic, Inc, Tandberg Television, Ltd, and Thomson Electronics
 
  •  selectively enhance our HAS product portfolio to increase the value-added services for broadband providers to offer to their subscribers; and
 
  •  improve margins through focused product cost-reduction efforts and by streamlining operational activities across all product lines.
      The ongoing migration of major broadband providers to all-digital networks represents a significant opportunity for companies like us with products and technologies that enable them to maximize their bandwidth and to utilize important new transport methods such as Gigabit Ethernet. We feel we are well positioned to capitalize on this emerging market in large part because of the success our proven DVS products have had with the major U.S. cable operators and satellite providers.
Products
DVS products
      Our CherryPicker line of digital video processing systems give cable, telecom and satellite operators exceptional flexibility in managing their digital video content, including the rate shaping of video content to maximize the bandwidth for SD and high definition (HD) programming, grooming customized channel line-ups, carrying ads for local advertisers and branding themselves by inserting their corporate logos into their programming.
      The CherryPicker line currently includes two models, the DM 6400 and the DM 3200. Our DM 6400 helps cable operators seamlessly insert commercials for local advertisers into their digital programming without the need for a cumbersome and inefficient digital-to-analog-back-to-digital process that requires additional equipment. According to Kagen Research LLC, in 2004, U.S. cable operators earned more than $4.3 billion running ads for local advertisers, a 13% increase over the $3.8 billion billed in 2003. We believe this market will continue to grow and that we are well positioned in this space based on our current success in digital ad insertion and the relationships we have with the major advertising server companies, primarily

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SeaChange and C-Cor. Our DM6200 provides statistical remultiplexing functionality, ad insertion, and advance stream processing.
      Our BP5100 digital video processing system has been developed specifically for television broadcasters, utilizing the same proven statistical remultiplexing technology and components from the CherryPicker line. The BP5100 provides broadcasters with exceptional flexibility in managing their digital video content, including the rate shaping of video content to maximize the bandwidth for SD and HD programming, grooming customized channel line-ups, carrying ads for local advertisers and branding themselves by inserting their corporate logos into their programming.
      Our CP 7600 professional grade digital-to-analog multichannel integrated decoder enables operators to optimize their digital infrastructure by reducing the need for analog equipment and pushing what is needed to the “edge’ of their networks. This in turn allows operators to focus their efforts on transitioning the rest of the networks to all digital operation.
      Our CP 7585 off-air demodulator allows cable and satellite operators to convert SD or HDTV programming transmitted over-the-air by television broadcasters from the 8VSB format to the ASI format used by cable and satellite operators. This allows cable and satellite providers to retransmit broadcasters programming over their own networks.
HAS products
      Our Terayon TJ 700x series cable modems have been deployed by cable operators worldwide to deliver high-speed Internet access, online gaming and other broadband services. The TJ 700x cable modem series currently includes the TJ 715x DOCSIS 2.0 certified modem, the Euro-DOCSIS 1.1 certified TJ 720x and the TJ 735x, which has been designed specifically for Japanese cable television operators.
      Our terminal adapter (TA) series of eMTA are cable modems that support the delivery of VoIP-based cable telephony service, in addition to high-speed Internet access. The TA eMTAs are designed specifically for VoIP cable telephony and are based on the PacketCable standard, which Cable Television Laboratories, Inc (CableLabs) has developed for cable VoIP. Our eMTAs are also based on the DOCSIS and Euro-DOCSIS specifications so they can be deployed by cable operators worldwide.
      Our Wx-54G wireless networking module can be attached to any member of our TJ 700x family of cable modems to provide high-speed, wireless Internet connectivity to multiple PCs and other devices within a cable subscriber“s home.
Product research and development
      We maintain ongoing research and development activities for our current product lines and to determine the potential of possible future products.
      For current product lines, our research and development efforts are focused on developing new features and functionality that address customer requirements and which keep our products competitive with products from other vendors. Another key goal of our ongoing research and development activities is to improve the gross margins for our existing products by reducing the component and manufacturing costs of these products.
      We are engaged in substantial research and development activities to investigate the potential of possible future products and to improve our existing products by adding new functionality and by reducing their cost of manufacture. We currently anticipate that overall research and development spending in 2005 will decrease compared to 2004, but will be more focused on DVS products and applications, which have strategic importance to the company. A key area for ongoing research and development will be to develop new applications for our DVS products.
      Developing new and innovative solutions is important for us to remain competitive with larger companies that devote considerably more resources to product development.

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Customers
      We market and sell our DVS and HAS products to multiple vertical target markets consisting of the largest cable and satellite operators and broadcasters in each major geographic area, including North America; Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA), and Asia.
      Our principal customers include the following:
  Adelphia Communications
Comcast
Cox Communications
EchoStar
Harmonic
Hughes Electronics (DirectTV)
i-CABLE Communications
J-Com (Cross Beam Networks), a subsidiary of Sumitomo Corporation (Sumitomo)
Thomson Electronics (a prime technology partner of FOX Broadcasting Company)
      We believe that a substantial majority of our revenues will continue to be derived from sales to a relatively small number of customers for the foreseeable future. For example, two customers, Adelphia and Comcast accounted for approximately 18% and 12%, respectively, of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2004. Three customers Adelphia, Cross Beam Networks and Comcast accounted for approximately 22%, 16% and 13%, respectively of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003. In connection with our decision in October 2004 to cease future investment in our CMTS product line, Adelphia, one of our largest CMTS customers, indicated that it will no longer purchase CMTS products from us. Although the majority of revenue in prior years from Adelphia has primarily been derived from the sale of CMTS products, we have also sold our DVS and HAS products to Adelphia and may be unable to continue to sell DVS and HAS products to Adelphia, and this loss may have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations in 2005. Additionally, the loss of any other of our significant customers, especially customers who generate a significant amount of DVS revenue, generally could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Market Competition
      The market for broadband equipment vendors is extremely competitive and is characterized by rapid technological change, and more recently, market consolidation. In the past, most cable data systems were based on vendors’ proprietary technology. As a result, modems only worked with CMTSs from the same vendor, and therefore operators generally had to purchase CMTSs and modems from the same vendor. With the advent of DOCSIS certified and qualified products, customers can purchase interoperable CMTSs and CPE products from a variety of equipment manufacturers. The move to standards-based products may lead to additional pricing pressures and further declining gross margins in our HAS product line. Additionally, we believe that there may be pressure to develop industry standards and specifications for video products and applications, and such standards and specifications could impact pricing and gross margins of our DVS products in the same way it has affected the cable data systems.
      In the market for DVS solutions, we believe we are the market leader in video grooming and remultiplexing with our CherryPicker digital video processing system. However, several companies have entered this market from time to time, including Motorola and privately held BigBand Networks. We believe that there may be pressure to develop industry standards and specifications for DVS products and applications, and such standards and specifications could impact pricing and gross margins of the DVS products and applications in the same way it has affected the cable data systems.
      Our main competitors in the sale of HAS products are Ambit, Arris, Motorola, Scientific-Atlanta and Thomson.

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      The principal competitive factors in our market include the following:
  •  product performance, features and reliability;
 
  •  price;
 
  •  size and financial stability of operations;
 
  •  breadth of product line;
 
  •  sales and distribution capabilities;
 
  •  technical support and service;
 
  •  relationships with service providers; and
 
  •  in the HAS market, compliance with industry specifications and standards.
      Some of the above competitive factors are outside of our control. Conditions in the market could change rapidly and significantly as a result of technological advancements. The development and market acceptance of alternative technologies could decrease the demand for our products or render them obsolete. Our competitors may introduce products that are less costly, provide superior performance or achieve greater market acceptance than our products. Many of our current and potential competitors have greater financial, technical, marketing, distribution, customer support and other resources, as well as better name recognition and access to customers than we do. These competitive pressures have impacted and are likely to continue to adversely impact our business.
Sales and Marketing
      We market and sell our products directly to broadband providers through our direct sales forces in North America, EMEA, and Asia. We also market and sell our products through distributors, system integrators, and resellers throughout the world.
      We support our sales activities through marketing communication vehicles, such as industry press, trade shows, advertising and the Internet. Through our marketing efforts, we strive to educate broadband service providers on the technological and business benefits of our products, as well as our ability to provide quality support and service. We participate in the major trade shows and industry events in the United States and throughout the world. Industry referrals and reference accounts are significant marketing tools we develop and utilize.
      We also make our products available for customers to test, which is very often a prerequisite for making a sale of our more complex products. These tests can be very comprehensive and lengthy, which can dramatically increase the sales cycle for these products. Participating in these tests often requires us to devote considerable time and resources from our engineering and customer support organizations.
International Sales
      We have international sales offices in Brussels, Belgium, Hong Kong, Shanghai, China and Tel Aviv, Israel. In fiscal 2004, 2003 and 2002, approximately 45%, 44% and 68%, respectively of our net revenues were from customers outside of the U.S. Sales to Japan which is the only other country into which we made sales in excess of 10% of net revenues in the preceding three years, were 6%, 16% and 28%, in fiscal 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. During 2004, we emphasized sales to U.S., Japanese and EMEA customers while placing a lower emphasis on other locations, such as Canada and South America. See Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Risks Related to Our Business, including the information under the heading “We are dependent upon international sales and there are many risks associated with international operations” for information about the risks associated with our international operations. Also see Note 13 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
      The majority of our international sales are currently invoiced in U.S. dollars. However, we do enter into certain transactions in Euros and other currencies. Invoicing in other currencies subjects us to risks associated

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with foreign exchange rate fluctuations. Although we do not currently have any foreign currency hedging arrangements in place, we will consider the need for hedging or other strategies to minimize these risks if the amount of invoicing in non-dollar denominated transactions materially increases.
      Our international operations are subject to certain risks common to foreign operations in general, such as governmental regulations and import restrictions. In addition, there are social, political, labor and economic conditions in specific countries or regions as well as difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, and potential adverse foreign tax consequences, among other factors that could also have an impact on our business and results of operations outside of the United States.
Customer Service and Technical Support
      We believe that our ability to provide consistently high quality service and support will continue to be a key factor in attracting and retaining customers. Our technical services and support organization, with personnel in North America, EMEA and Asia, offers support 24 hours a day, seven days per week. Prior to the deployment of our products, each customer’s needs are assessed and proactive solutions are implemented, including various levels of training, periodic management and coordination meetings and problem escalation procedures.
Backlog
      Most of our revenues are generated from orders booked and shipped within the current quarter. Assuming product availability, our practice is to ship our products promptly upon the receipt of purchase orders from our customers. Therefore, we believe that backlog information is not material to an understanding of our business.
Manufacturing
      Our finished goods are produced by subcontract manufacturers. Our video equipment is single sourced from a manufacturer in San Jose, California. Our modems are sourced from a manufacturer in China.
      Our manufacturing operations employ semiconductors, electromechanical components and assemblies and raw materials such as plastic resins and sheet metal. Although we believe the materials and supplies necessary for our manufacturing operations are currently available in the quantities required, we sometimes experience a short supply of certain component parts as a result of strong demand in the industry for those parts.
      Our subcontractors purchase materials, supplies and product subassemblies from a substantial number of vendors. For many of our products, there are existing alternate sources of supply. However, we sole source certain components contained in our products, such as the semiconductors used in our products. While this has not resulted in material disruptions in the past, should any change in these relationships or disruptions to our vendors’ operations occur, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected.
      In an effort to prevent shortages of supplies used in the manufacturing process by some of our subcontractors, we source and inventory various raw products and components, as part of our supply chain program. In doing so we may put ourselves at risk of carrying inventory that may become excessive for our future sales, based on current sales forecasts or become obsolete before utilization by those manufactures.
Intellectual Property
      We rely on a combination of patent, trade secret, copyright and trademark laws and contractual restrictions to establish and protect proprietary rights in our products. Even though we seek to establish and protect proprietary rights in our products, there are risks. Our pending patent applications may not be granted. Even if they are granted, the claims covered by the patent may be reduced from those included in our applications. Any patent might be subject to challenge in court and, whether or not challenged, might not be broad enough to prevent third parties from developing equivalent technologies or products without a license from us.

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      We have entered into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees, and we enter into non-disclosure agreements with many of our suppliers, distributors and appropriate customers so as to limit access to and disclosure of our proprietary information. These contractual arrangements, as well as statutory protections, may not prove to be sufficient to prevent misappropriation of our technology or deter independent third-party development of similar technologies. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries may not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights.
      In connection with the development of the DOCSIS 2.0 specification by CableLabs, the research and development consortium, which the cable operators help fund we entered into an agreement with CableLabs whereby we licensed to CableLabs on a royalty-free basis all of our intellectual property rights to the extent that such rights may be asserted against a party desiring to design, manufacture or sell DOCSIS based products, including DOCSIS 2.0 based products. This license agreement grants to CableLabs the right to sublicense our intellectual property, including our intellectual property rights in our S-CDMA patents, to others, including manufacturers that compete with us in the marketplace for DOCSIS based products.
      To migrate their networks to all-digital operation, Comcast, Time-Warner and Cox, the three largest cable operators in the U.S., started their Next-Generation Network Architecture (NGNA) initiative in 2003 to develop a common approach to transform their cable systems into all-digital networks. Working as a group the operators can work more effectively with equipment vendors in defining the products and product capabilities required for the migration. In 2004 the participating operators commissioned CableLabs to manage the NGNA initiative and to develop a set of standards to which equipment vendors like us can build our products. The NGNA initiative is so far following the model successfully proven with the earlier DOCSIS initiative, which enabled the development of interoperable cable modems, CMTSs and other associated equipment that allowed U.S. operators to rollout broadband cable modem service much faster, more broadly and with greater success than telecom carriers could offer their competing DSL service. As it has with data services, CableLabs may request companies to contribute their video technologies to a DOCSIS-like technology pool on a royalty-free basis.
      The contractual arrangements, as well as statutory protections, we employ may not prove to be sufficient to prevent misappropriation of our technology or deter independent third-party development of similar technologies. We have in the past received letters claiming that our technology infringes the intellectual property rights of others. We have consulted with our patent counsel and have or are in the process of reviewing the allegations made by such third parties. If these allegations were submitted to a court, the court could find that our products infringe third party intellectual property rights. If we are found to have infringed third party rights, we could be subject to substantial damages and/or an injunction preventing us from conducting our business. In addition, other third parties may assert infringement claims against us in the future. A claim of infringement, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, divert our management’s resources, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing arrangements. These royalty or licensing arrangements may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all.
      We pursue the registration of our trademarks in the United States and have applications pending to register several of our trademarks throughout the world. However, the laws of certain foreign countries might not protect our products or intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Effective trademark, copyright, trade secret and patent protection may not be available in every country in which our products may be manufactured, marketed or sold.
Access to our reports
      Our Internet Web site address is www.terayon.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15 (d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge through our Web site as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). We will also provide those reports in electronic or paper form free of charge upon a

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request made to Mark A. Richman, Chief Financial Officer, c/o Terayon Communication Systems, Inc., 4988 Great America Parkway, Santa Clara, CA 94054. Furthermore, all reports we file with the Commission are available free of charge via EDGAR through the Commission’s Web site at www.sec.gov. In addition, the public may read and copy materials filed by us at the Commission’s public reference room located at 450 Fifth St., N.W., Washington, D.C., 20549 or by calling 1-800-SEC-0330.
Employees
      As of December 31, 2004, we had 255 employees, of which 178 were located in the United States, 37 in Israel and an aggregate of 40 in Canada, Europe, South America and Asia. We had 124 employees in research and development, 65 in marketing, sales and customer support, 21 in operations and 45 in general and administrative functions. In connection with our most recent restructuring plans that occurred throughout 2004, we terminated the employment of approximately 168 employees or 40% of our workforce. In addition, as a result of our ongoing restructuring activities and sale of certain assets to ATI Technologies Inc., (ATI) as of March 11, 2005, we had approximately 182 employees. None of our employees are represented by collective bargaining agreements. We believe that our relations with our employees are good.
Item 2. Properties
      Our principal executive offices are located in Santa Clara, California where we lease approximately 141,000 square feet under a lease that expires in October 2009. In connection with our restructuring plans announced January 27, 2004, we are seeking to sublease approximately 56,400 square feet of this space. In the United States, we have additional facilities in Costa Mesa, California. One of the facilities in Costa Mesa is subleased.
      In addition, we lease properties worldwide. We have a facility in Tel Aviv, Israel consisting of approximately 136,000 square feet under a lease that expires in October 2005. We currently sublease approximately 107,000 square feet of the Israel property. We have offices in Brussels, Belgium, Hong Kong, Shanghai, China, and Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. We currently sublease the facility in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. We believe that our existing facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the foreseeable future. For additional information regarding obligations under leases, see Note 4 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
      Beginning in April 2000, several plaintiffs filed class action lawsuits in federal court against us and certain of our officers and directors. Later that year, the cases were consolidated in the United States District Court, Northern District of California as In re Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation. The Court then appointed lead plaintiffs who filed an amended complaint. In 2001, the Court granted in part and denied in part defendants’ motion to dismiss, and plaintiffs filed a new complaint. In 2002, the Court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss that complaint, which, like the earlier complaints, alleges that the defendants violated the federal securities laws by issuing materially false and misleading statements and failing to disclose material information regarding our technology. On February 24, 2003, the Court certified a plaintiff class consisting of those who purchased or otherwise acquired our securities between November 15, 1999 and April 11, 2000.
      On September 8, 2003, the Court heard defendants’ motion to disqualify two of the lead plaintiffs and to modify the definition of the plaintiff class. On September 10, 2003, the Court issued an order vacating the hearing date for the parties’ summary judgment motions, and, on September 22, 2003, the Court issued another order staying all discovery until further notice and vacating the trial date, which had been November 4, 2003.
      On February 23, 2004, the Court issued an order disqualifying two of the lead plaintiffs. The order also states that plaintiffs’ counsel must provide certain information to the Court about counsel’s relationship with the disqualified lead plaintiffs, and it provides that defendants may serve certain additional discovery. On March 24, 2004, plaintiffs submitted certain documents to the Court in response to its order, and, on April 16,

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2004, we responded to this submission. We also have initiated discovery pursuant to the Court’s February 23, 2004 order.
      On October 16, 2000, a lawsuit was filed against us and the individual defendants (Zaki Rakib, Selim Rakib and Raymond Fritz) in the California Superior Court, San Luis Obispo County. This lawsuit is titled Bertram v. Terayon Communications Systems, Inc. The factual allegations in the Bertram complaint were similar to those in the federal class action, but the Bertram complaint sought remedies under state law. Defendants removed the Bertram case to the United States District Court, Central District of California, which dismissed the complaint and transferred the case to the United States District Court, Northern District of California. That Court eventually issued an order dismissing the case. Plaintiffs have appealed this order, and their appeal was heard on April 16, 2004. On June 9, 2004, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the order dismissing the Bertram case.
      The Court of Appeals’ opinion affirming dismissal of the Bertram case does not end the class action. We believe that the allegations in the class action are without merit, and we intend to contest this matter vigorously. This matter, however, could prove costly and time consuming to defend, and there can be no assurances about the eventual outcome.
      In 2002, two shareholders filed derivative cases purportedly on behalf of us against certain of our current and former directors, officers, and investors. (The defendants differed somewhat in the two cases.) Since the cases were filed, the investor defendants have been dismissed without prejudice, and the lawsuits have been consolidated as Campbell v. Rakib in the California Superior Court, Santa Clara County. We are a nominal defendant in these lawsuits, which allege claims relating to essentially the same purportedly misleading statements that are at issue in the pending securities class action. In the securities class action, we dispute making any misleading statements. The derivative complaints also allege claims relating to stock sales by certain of the director and officer defendants.
      We believe that there are many defects in the Campbell and O’Brien derivative complaints.
      On January 19, 2003, Omniband Group Limited, a Russian company (Omniband), filed a request for arbitration with the Zurich Chamber of Commerce, claiming damages in the amount of $2,094,970 allegedly caused by the breach of an agreement by us, Terayon Communications Systems Ltd. (Terayon Ltd.), a wholly owned subsidiary, Radwiz Ltd, (Radwiz), a former wholly-owned subsidiary to sell to Omniband certain equipment pursuant to an agreement between Omniband and Radwiz. On December 18, 2003, the panel of arbiters with the Zurich Chamber of Commerce allowed the arbitration proceeding to continue against Radwiz but dismissed the proceeding against us and Terayon Ltd. Omniband appealed the Zurich Chamber of Commerce’s decision to dismiss the proceeding against us and Terayon Ltd. and the decision was affirmed on October 15, 2004. On January 13, 2005, the Zurich Chamber of Commerce dismissed the case with prejudice after Omniband failed to respond and pay the arbitration fees.
      In January 2005, Adelphia Corporation sued us in the District Court of the City and County of Denver, Colorado. Adelphia’s complaint alleges, among other things, breach of contract and misrepresentation in connection with our sale of CMTS products to Adelphia and our announcement to cease future investment in the CMTS market. Adelphia seeks unspecified monetary damages and declaratory relief. We filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on February 24, 2005. As we believe that Adelphia’s allegations are without merit, we intend to contest this matter vigorously. This matter, however, could prove costly and time consuming to defend, and there can be no assurances about the eventual outcome
      We have received letters claiming that our technology infringes the intellectual property rights of others. We have consulted with our patent counsel and have or are in the process of reviewing the allegations made by such third parties. If these allegations were submitted to a court, the court could find that our products infringe third party intellectual property rights. If we are found to have infringed third party rights, we could be subject to substantial damages and/or an injunction preventing us from conducting our business. In addition, other third parties may assert infringement claims against us in the future. A claim of infringement, whether meritorious or not, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, divert our management’s resources,

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cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing arrangements. These royalty or licensing arrangements may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all.
      Furthermore, we have in the past agreed to, and may from time to time in the future agree to, indemnify a customer of its technology or products for claims against the customer by a third party based on claims that our technology or products infringe intellectual property rights of that third party. These types of claims, meritorious or not, can result in costly and time-consuming litigation; divert management’s attention and other resources; require us to enter into royalty arrangements; subject us to damages or injunctions restricting the sale of our products; require us to indemnify our customers for the use of the allegedly infringing products; require us to refund payment of allegedly infringing products to our customers or to forgo future payments; require us to redesign certain of our products; or damage our reputation, any one of which could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
      We are currently a party to various other legal proceedings, in addition to those noted above, and may become involved from time to time in other legal proceedings in the future. While we currently believe that the ultimate outcome of these other proceedings, individually and in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or overall results of operations, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties. Were an unfavorable ruling to occur in any of our legal proceedings, there exists the possibility of a material adverse impact on our results of operations for the period in which the ruling occurs. The estimate of the potential impact on our financial position and overall results of operations for any of the above legal proceedings could change in the future.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
      (a) The registrant’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders was held on December 16, 2004.
      (b) The meeting involved the election of three directors: Jerry D. Chase, Zaki Rakib and Mark Slaven. The following directors’ terms continued after the meeting: Alek Krstajic, Matthew D. Miller, Selim (Shlomo) Rakib, Lewis Solomon, Howard W. Speaks, Jr. and David Woodrow.
      (c) There were two matters voted on at the Meeting. A brief description of each of these matters and the results of the votes thereon, are as follows:
     1. Election of Directors
                 
Nominee   For   Withheld
         
Jerry D. Chase
    67,458,655       1,038,909  
Zaki Rakib
    67,227,409       1,270,155  
Mark Slaven
    67,334,317       1,163,247  
     2. Ratification of the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the registrant’s auditors for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
                 
For   Against   Abstain
         
67,855,478
    558,429       53,657  
PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
      Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ National Market under the symbol “TERN”. Public trading of our common stock commenced on August 18, 1998. Prior to that time, there was no public market

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for our common stock. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low per share sale prices of our common stock, as reported by the NASDAQ National Market.
                   
    High   Low
         
2004:
               
 
First Quarter
  $ 6.25     $ 2.96  
 
Second Quarter
  $ 3.99     $ 1.66  
 
Third Quarter
  $ 2.38     $ 1.44  
 
Fourth Quarter
  $ 2.98     $ 1.52  
2003:
               
 
First Quarter
  $ 2.84     $ 1.39  
 
Second Quarter
  $ 3.20     $ 1.57  
 
Third Quarter
  $ 8.25     $ 2.52  
 
Fourth Quarter
  $ 8.04     $ 4.05  
      As of February 28, 2005, there were approximately 588 holders of record of our common stock, as shown on the records of our transfer agent. The number of record holders does not include shares held in “street name” through brokers.
      We do not pay any cash dividends on our common stock. We currently expect to retain future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.
      The following table summarizes our equity compensation plan information as of December 31, 2004. Information is included for both equity compensation plans approved by our stockholders and equity compensation plans not approved by our stockholders.
                         
            Common stock
            available for
            future issuance
    Common stock to       under equity
    be issued upon   Weighted-average   compensation
    exercise of   exercise price of   plans (excluding
    outstanding options   outstanding options   securities reflected
    and rights   and rights   in column (a))
Plan Category   (a)   (b)   (c)
             
Equity compensation plans approved by Terayon stockholders(1)
    9,875,526     $ 4.16       6,704,961  
Equity compensation plans not approved by Terayon stockholders(2)
    6,927,312     $ 6.96       5,212,115  
                   
Totals
    16,802,838     $ 5.32       11,917,076 (3)
                   
 
1.  Includes options to purchase common stock outstanding under the Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. 1995 Stock Option Plan as amended, Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. 1997 Equity Incentive Plan as amended, Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as amended, Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. 1998 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan as amended, and the Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan Offering for Foreign Employees.
 
2.  Includes options to purchase common stock outstanding under the Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. 1999 Non-Officer Equity Incentive Plan, as amended. See Note 10 in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
3.  Includes 1,202,733 shares of common stock available for purchase under the Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. 1998 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

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1995 Plan
      In March 1995, our Board of Directors approved a stock option plan (1995 Plan) that authorized shares for future issuance to be granted as options to purchase shares of our common stock. As of December 31, 2004 a total of 4,229,494 shares have been authorized for issuance related to the 1995 Plan.
1997 Plan
      In March 1997, our Board of Directors approved an equity incentive plan (1997 Plan) that authorized 1,600,000 shares for future issuance to be granted as options to purchase shares of our common stock. In June 1998, our Board of Directors authorized the adoption of the amended 1997 Plan, increasing the aggregate number of shares authorized for issuance under the 1997 Plan to 6,600,000 shares (5,000,000 additional shares). The amendment also provided for an increase to the authorized shares each year on January 1, starting with January 1, 1999, if the number of shares reserved for future issuance was less than 5% of our outstanding common stock, then the authorized shares would be increased to a balance equal to 5% of the common stock outstanding. There were no increases to the 1997 Plan in 1998 or 1999. On January 1, 2000, 2,384,528 shares were added to the 1997 Plan for a total of 8,984,528 shares.
      The 1997 Plan was amended on June 13, 2000 to increase the shares authorized for issuance by 3,770,000 additional shares and to provide for an increase in the number of shares of common stock beginning January 1, 2000 through January 1, 2007, by the lesser of 5% of the common stock outstanding on such January 1 or 3,000,000 shares. In May 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the adoption of an amendment to reduce the number of authorized shares in the 1997 Plan by 6,237,826 shares. As of December 31, 2004, a total of 15,516,702 shares have been authorized for issuance related to the 1997 Plan.
1998 Plan
      In June 1998, our Board of Directors authorized the adoption of the 1998 Non-Employee Directors’ Stock Option Plan (1998 Plan), pursuant to which 400,000 shares of our common stock have been reserved for future issuance to our non-employee directors. In 2002, our Board of Directors amended the 1998 Plan to increase the shares authorized for issuance by 400,000 additional shares. As of December 31, 2004, a total of 800,000 shares have been authorized for issu