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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934. |
Commission File No. 0-28178
CARBO Ceramics Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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72-1100013 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) |
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number) |
6565 MacArthur Boulevard
Suite 1050
Irving, Texas 75039
(Address of principal executive offices)
(972) 401-0090
(Registrants telephone number)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the
Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the
Act:
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed
all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past
90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers
pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of
registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this
Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated
filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the
Act). Yes þ No o
The aggregate market value of the Common Stock held by
non-affiliates of the Registrant, based upon the closing sale
price of the Common Stock on June 30, 2004 as reported on
the New York Stock Exchange, was approximately $881,384,732.
Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by
each person who owns 10% or more of the outstanding Common Stock
have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be
affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not
necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
As of February 25, 2005, Registrant had outstanding
16,007,797 shares of Common Stock.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement for Registrants Annual
Meeting of Shareholders to be held April 19, 2005 are
incorporated by reference in Parts II and III.
PART I
General
CARBO Ceramics Inc. (the Company) is the
worlds largest producer and supplier of ceramic proppant
for use in the hydraulic fracturing of natural gas and oil
wells. In addition, the Company is the largest provider of
fracture diagnostic services through its subsidiary, Pinnacle
Technologies, Inc. (Pinnacle).
Hydraulic fracturing is the most widely used method of
increasing production from oil and gas wells. The hydraulic
fracturing process consists of pumping fluids down a natural gas
or oil well at pressures sufficient to create fractures in the
hydrocarbon-bearing rock formation. A granular material, called
proppant, is suspended and transported in the fluid and fills
the fracture, propping it open once high-pressure
pumping stops. The proppant-filled fracture creates a permeable
channel through which the hydrocarbons can flow more freely from
the formation to the well and then to the surface.
There are three primary types of proppant that can be utilized
in the hydraulic fracturing process: sand, resin-coated sand and
ceramic. Sand is the least expensive proppant, resin-coated sand
is more expensive and ceramic proppant is typically the highest
cost. The higher initial cost of ceramic proppant is justified
by the fact that the use of these proppants in certain well
conditions results in an increase in the production rate of oil
and gas, an increase in the total oil or gas that can be
recovered from the well and consequently, an increase in cash
flow for the operators of the well. The increased production
rates are primarily attributable to the higher strength and more
uniform size and shape of ceramic proppant versus alternative
materials.
Based on the Companys internally generated market
information, the Company estimates that it supplies
approximately 48% of the ceramic proppant and 8% of all proppant
used worldwide. During the year ended December 31, 2004,
the Company generated approximately 53% of its revenues in the
U.S. and 47% in international markets.
Pinnacle provides fracture diagnostic services, sells fracture
simulation software and provides fracture design services to oil
and gas companies worldwide. Pinnacles fracture simulation
software FracproPT® is the most widely used model in the
world. Using proprietary technology and software, Pinnacle can
map fractures as they are created, providing well operators with
key information regarding the dimensions and orientation of the
fracture. This information is vital in optimizing the design of
individual fracture treatments and well placement within a
reservoir. The Company currently estimates that less than 3% of
wells fractured worldwide utilize fracture diagnostics. For the
year ended December 31, 2004, Pinnacle accounted for less
than 10% of the Companys total revenues, net income and
operating assets.
Demand for ceramic proppant and fracture diagnostic services
depends primarily upon the demand for natural gas and oil and on
the number of natural gas and oil wells drilled, completed or
re-completed worldwide. More specifically, the demand for the
Companys products and services is dependent on the number
of oil and gas wells that are hydraulically fractured to
stimulate production.
Products
The Company manufactures four distinct ceramic proppants.
CARBOHSPtm
and CARBOPROP® are premium priced, high strength
proppants designed primarily for use in deep gas wells.
CARBOHSPtm
was the original ceramic proppant and was introduced in 1979.
The Company continues to manufacture and sell an improved
version of this original product.
CARBOHSPtm
has the highest strength of any of the ceramic proppants
manufactured by the Company and is used primarily in the
fracturing of deep gas wells. CARBOPROP®, which was
introduced by the Company in 1982, is slightly lower in weight
and strength than
1 FracproPT®
is a registered trademark of Gas Technology Institute and is
used under license by Pinnacle.
1
CARBOHSPtm
and was developed for use in deep gas wells that do not require
the strength of
CARBOHSPtm.
CARBOLITE® and CARBOECONOPROP® are
lightweight proppants designed for use in gas wells of moderate
depth and shallower oil wells. CARBOLITE®,
introduced in 1984, is used in medium depth oil and gas wells,
where the additional strength of ceramic proppant may not be
essential, but where higher production rates can be achieved due
to the products uniform size and spherical shape.
CARBOLITE®, is the Companys product most
commonly used in oil wells. CARBOECONOPROP®,
introduced in 1992 to compete directly with sand-based proppant,
is the Companys lowest priced product and sales volume of
this product has grown at a faster rate than the Companys
other ceramic proppants. The introduction of
CARBOECONOPROP® has resulted in ceramic proppant
being used by operators of oil and gas wells that had not
previously used ceramics. The Company believes that many of the
users of CARBOECONOPROP® had previously used sand or
resin-coated sand.(2)
Competition
The Companys chief worldwide competitor is Saint-Gobain
Proppants (Saint-Gobain), formerly Norton Proppants.
Saint-Gobain Proppants is a division of Compagnie de
Saint-Gobain, a large French glass and materials company.
Saint-Gobain manufactures ceramic proppants that directly
compete with each of the Companys products.
Saint-Gobains primary manufacturing facility is located in
Fort Smith, Arkansas. In addition, Mineracao Curimbaba
(Curimbaba), based in Brazil, manufactures a
sintered bauxite product similar to the Companys
CARBOHSPtm,
which is marketed in the United States under the name
Sinterball. Curimbaba has notified the Company that
it intends to introduce an intermediate strength ceramic
proppant similar to the Companys CARBOPROP®.
The Company believes that it would be difficult for Curimbaba to
introduce such a product without infringing patents held by the
Company and, as described below under Item 3. Legal
Proceedings, the Company and Curimbaba are currently
involved in litigation to determine if Curimbabas product
infringes a Company patent. The Company believes that Curimbaba
has not expanded its U.S. product line to include a
lightweight ceramic proppant and is unlikely to do so in light
of patents held by the Company.
In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of
competitors based overseas. Borovichi Refractory Plant
(Borovichi) is a manufacturer of ceramic proppant
located in Borovichi, Russia that began producing proppant in
1996. The Company has recently learned of a second competitor in
Russia, FORES Refractory Plant (FORES). While the
Company has limited information about Borovichi and FORES, the
Company believes that each of these companies currently
manufactures only an intermediate strength ceramic proppant and
markets its products primarily within Russia. In addition, the
Company is aware of three small manufacturers located in Russia
that have not produced volumes significant to impact the market
to date. The Company is also aware of two principal
manufacturers of ceramic proppant in China; Yixing Orient
Petroleum Proppant Company, Ltd. and GuiZhou LinHai New Material
Company, Ltd. Each of these companies produces intermediate
strength ceramic proppants that are marketed primarily in China.
Competition for
CARBOHSPtm
and CARBOPROP® principally includes ceramic proppant
manufactured by Saint-Gobain, Curimbaba and Borovichi. The
Companys CARBOLITE® and
CARBOECONOPROP® products compete primarily with
ceramic proppant produced by Saint-Gobain and with sand-based
proppant for use in the hydraulic fracturing of medium depth
natural gas and oil wells. The leading suppliers of mined sand
are Unimin Corp., Badger Mining Corp., Fairmount Minerals
Limited, Inc., Ogelbay-Norton Company, and US Silica Company.
The leading suppliers of resin-coated sand are Borden Chemical,
Inc. Oilfield Products Group and Santrol, a subsidiary of
Fairmount Minerals.
The Company believes that the most significant factors that
influence a customers decision to purchase the
Companys products are (i) price/performance ratio,
(ii) on-time delivery performance, (iii) technical
support and (iv) proppant availability. The Company
believes that its products are competitively priced and
(2) CARBOHSPtm,
CARBOPROP®, CARBOLITE®, and
CARBOECONOPROP® are registered marks of CARBO
Ceramics Inc.
2
that its delivery performance is excellent. The Company also
believes that its superior technical support has enabled it to
persuade customers to use ceramic proppant in an increasingly
broad range of applications and thus increased the overall
market for the Companys products. Since 1993, the Company
has consistently expanded its manufacturing capacity and plans
to continue its strategy of adding capacity to meet anticipated
future increases in sales demand.
The Company continually conducts testing and development
activities with respect to alternative raw materials to be used
in the Companys existing and alternative production
methods. The Company is not aware of the development of
alternative products for use as proppant in the hydraulic
fracturing process that would significantly impact the use of
ceramic proppants. The Company believes that the main barriers
to entry into the ceramic proppant industry are the patent
rights held by the Company and certain of its current
competitors, the know-how and trade secrets
necessary to manufacture a competitive product and the capital
costs involved in building production facilities of sufficient
size to be operated efficiently.
Customers and Marketing
The Companys largest customers are, in alphabetical order,
BJ Services Company, Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. and
Schlumberger Limited, the three largest participants in the
worldwide petroleum pressure pumping industry. These companies
collectively accounted for approximately 65% of the
Companys 2004 revenues and approximately 71% of the
Companys 2003 revenues. However, the end users of the
Companys products are the operators of natural gas and oil
wells that hire the pressure pumping service companies to
hydraulically fracture wells. The Company works both with the
pressure pumping service companies and directly with the
operators of natural gas and oil wells to present the technical
and economic advantages of using ceramic proppant. The Company
generally supplies its customers with products on a just-in-time
basis, with transactions governed by individual purchase orders.
Continuing sales of product depend on the Companys direct
customers and the well operators being satisfied with both
product quality and delivery performance.
The Company recognizes the importance of a technical marketing
program when selling a product that offers financial benefits
over time but is initially more costly than alternative
products. The Company markets its products both to its direct
customers and to owners and operators of natural gas and oil
wells. The Companys sales and marketing staff regularly
calls on and keeps close contact with the people who are
influential in the proppant purchasing decision: production
companies, regional offices of oilfield service companies that
offer pressure pumping services and various completion
engineering consultants. Beginning in 1999, the Company
increased its marketing efforts to production companies and has
continued to expand its relationships with production companies.
The Company increased the size of its technical sales force in
recent years and plans to continue to increase its efforts to
educate end users on the benefits of using ceramic proppant.
While the Companys products have historically been used in
very deep wells that require high-strength proppant, the Company
believes that there is economic benefit to well operators of
using ceramic proppant in shallower wells that do not
necessarily require a high-strength proppant. The Company
believes that its education-based technical marketing efforts
have allowed it to capture a greater portion of the market for
sand-based proppant in recent years and will continue to do so
in the future.
The Company provides a variety of technical support services and
has developed computer software that models the return on
investment achievable by using the Companys ceramic
proppant versus other proppant in the hydraulic fracturing of a
natural gas or oil well. In addition to the increased technical
marketing effort, the Company has engaged in large-scale field
trials to demonstrate the economic benefits of its products and
validate the findings of its computer simulations. Occasionally,
the Company will sell its products on a discounted basis in
exchange for a production companys agreement to provide
production data for direct comparison of the results of
fracturing with ceramic proppant as compared to alternative
proppants.
The Companys worldwide sales and marketing activities are
coordinated by its North American and international marketing
managers. The Companys international marketing efforts in
2004 were conducted through its sales offices in Aberdeen,
Scotland, and Moscow, Russia and through commissioned sales
agents located in South America, China and Australia.
3
The Companys products and services are used worldwide by
U.S. customers operating domestically and abroad, and by
foreign customers. Sales outside the United States accounted for
47%, 36% and 30% of the Companys sales for 2004, 2003 and
2002, respectively. The increase in international sales in 2004
was primarily attributable to increased demand for the
Companys products in Russia. The distribution of the
Companys international and domestic revenues is shown
below, based upon the region in which the customer used the
products and services:
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2004 | |
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2003 | |
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2002 | |
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($ In millions) | |
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Location
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United States
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$ |
118.7 |
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$ |
108.0 |
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$ |
88.0 |
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International
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104.4 |
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61.9 |
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38.3 |
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Total
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$ |
223.1 |
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$ |
169.9 |
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$ |
126.3 |
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Distribution
The Company maintains finished goods inventories at its plants
in New Iberia, Louisiana; Eufaula, Alabama; McIntyre, Georgia;
and Luoyang, China; and at 11 remote stocking facilities located
in Rock Springs, Wyoming; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma;
San Antonio, Texas; Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Grande
Prairie, Alberta, Canada; Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Jebel Ali,
United Arab Emirates; Adelaide, Australia; Tianjin, China;
Tyumen, Russia; and Singapore. The North American remote
stocking facilities consist of bulk storage silos with truck
trailer loading facilities. The Company owns the facilities in
San Antonio, Rock Springs, Edmonton and Grande Prairie and
subcontracts the operation of the facilities and transportation
to a local trucking company in each location. The remaining
North American stocking facilities are owned and operated by
local companies under contract with the Company. International
remote stocking sites are duty-free warehouses operated by
independent owners. North American sites are typically supplied
by rail, and international sites are typically supplied by
container ship. In total, the Company leases 279 rail cars for
use in the distribution of its products and has plans to
increase this total to approximately 440 rail cars in 2005. The
increase in railcars will be necessary to support the increased
volume of domestic shipments anticipated upon completion of the
Companys new manufacturing facility in Wilkinson County,
Georgia. The price of the Companys products sold for
delivery in the lower 48 United States and Canada includes
just-in-time delivery of proppant to the operators well
site, which eliminates the need for customers to maintain an
inventory of ceramic proppant.
Raw Materials
Ceramic proppant is made from alumina-bearing ores (commonly
referred to as clay, bauxite, bauxitic clay or kaolin, depending
on the alumina content), that are readily available on the world
market. Bauxite is largely used in the production of aluminum
metal, refractory material and abrasives. The main deposits of
alumina-bearing ores in the United States are in Arkansas,
Alabama and Georgia; other economically mineable deposits are
located in Australia, Brazil, China, Gabon, India, Jamaica,
Russia and Surinam.
For the production of
CARBOHSPtm
in the Companys New Iberia, Louisiana, and McIntyre,
Georgia, facilities, the Company uses calcined, abrasive-grade
bauxite imported from Australia, and typically purchases its
annual requirements at the sellers current prices. The
Company has entered into an agreement with a foreign supplier to
supply its anticipated need for this ore at a fixed price
through 2005. While prices for the material are fixed through
2005, the Company has seen recent increases in the cost (which
is borne by the Company) of transporting this material to the
U.S. For the production of CARBOPROP®, also
produced in both New Iberia and McIntyre, the Company uses a
variety of materials that meet specific chemical and
mineralogical requirements. Raw material for the production of
CARBOPROP® may be either as-mined bauxitic clays or
a blend of bauxite and kaolin, either of which is readily
available to the Company at sellers current prices or
through long-term contracts.
4
The Companys Eufaula facility uses primarily locally mined
kaolin for the production of CARBOLITE® and
CARBOECONOPROP®. The Company has entered into a
contract that requires a supplier to sell to the Company up to
200,000 net tons of kaolin per year and the Company to
purchase from the supplier 70% of the Eufaula facilitys
annual kaolin requirements through 2010.
The Companys production facility in McIntyre, Georgia,
uses locally mined uncalcined kaolin for the production of
CARBOECONOPROP®. During 2002 and 2003, the Company
acquired on both a fee simple and leasehold basis, acreage in
Wilkinson County, Georgia, which contains approximately
12 million tons of raw material suitable for production of
CARBOLITE® and CARBOECONOPROP®. At
current production rates, the acquired raw material would supply
the needs of the McIntyre facility for a period in excess of
60 years. Based on anticipated production capacity after
the planned construction of a second plant in the area, these
raw material reserves would supply the needs of both plants for
a period in excess of 30 years. The Company has entered
into a long-term agreement with a third party to mine and
transport this material at a fixed price subject to annual
adjustment. The agreement requires the Company to utilize the
third party to mine and transport at least 80% of the McIntyre
facilitys annual kaolin requirement.
The Companys production facility in Luoyang, China, uses
locally mined kaolin and bauxite for the production of
CARBOPROP® and CARBOLITE®. Each of these
materials is purchased under long-term contracts with a minimum
term of eight years. The contracts stipulate a fixed price
subject to periodic adjustment. Under the terms of the agreement
covering the purchase of bauxite, the Company has an obligation
to purchase, in total, a minimum of 10,000 metric tons of
bauxite per year or 100% of its annual requirements for bauxite
if it purchases less than 10,000 metric tons per year. Under the
terms of the agreement covering the purchase of kaolin, the
Company has an obligation to purchase a minimum of 80% of its
annual requirement for kaolin from a single supplier. There is
no minimum purchase commitment under the terms of either
agreement.
Production Process
Ceramic proppants are made by grinding or dispersing ore to a
fine powder, combining the powder into small pellets and firing
the pellets in a rotary kiln.
The Company uses two different methods to produce ceramic
proppant. The Companys plants in New Iberia, Louisiana;
McIntyre, Georgia; and Luoyang, China, use a dry process (the
Dry Process) which utilizes clay, bauxite, bauxitic
clay or kaolin. The raw material is ground, pelletized and
screened. The manufacturing process is completed by firing the
product in a rotary kiln. The Company believes its competitors
also use some form of the Dry Process to produce their ceramic
proppant.
The Companys plant in Eufaula, Alabama, uses a wet process
(the Wet Process), which starts with kaolin from
local mines which is formed into a water slurry. The slurry is
then pelletized in a dryer and the pellets are then fired in a
rotary kiln. The Company believes that the Wet Process is unique
to its plant in Eufaula, Alabama. The Company will utilize the
Wet Process in a production facility currently under
construction in Wilkinson County, Georgia.
Patent Protection and Intellectual Property
The Company makes ceramic proppant by processes and techniques
that involve a high degree of proprietary technology, some of
which are protected by patents.
The Company owns four U.S. patents and one Argentinean
patent. Two of these U.S. patents and the foreign patent
relate to the CARBOPROP® product. One of these
U.S. patents relates to the CARBOLITE® and
CARBOECONOPROP® products. The Companys
U.S. patents relating to the CARBOPROP® product expire
in 2006. The Companys U.S. patent relating to the
CARBOLITE® and CARBOECONOPROP® products expires in
2009.
The Company owns two U.S. patent applications (together
with a number of foreign counterparts to one of the applications
in foreign jurisdictions) that cover ceramic proppant and
processes for making ceramic proppant. A request for continued
examination of one of these patent applications will be filed
with the
5
U.S. Patent Office in 2005. The Company also owns two
U.S. patent applications (together with a number of
counterparts to one of the applications in foreign
jurisdictions) that cover scouring and grinding media, and
processes for their preparation. The applications are in the
early stages of the patent prosecution process, and patents may
not issue on such applications in any jurisdiction for some
time, if they issue at all.
The Company believes that its patents have been and will
continue to be important in enabling the Company to compete in
the market to supply proppant to the natural gas and oil
industry. The Company intends to enforce, and has in the past
vigorously enforced, its patents. The Company is currently, as
described below under Item 3. Legal
Proceedings, and may from time to time in the future be,
involved in litigation to determine the enforceability, scope
and validity of its patent rights. Past disputes with the
Companys main competitor have been resolved in settlements
that permit the Company to continue to benefit fully from its
patent rights. The Company and this competitor have
cross-licensed certain of their respective patents relating to
intermediate and low density proppant on both a royalty-free and
royalty-bearing basis. Royalties under these licenses are not
material to the Companys financial results. As a result of
these cross licensing arrangements, the Company is able to
produce a broad range of ceramic proppant while third parties
are unlikely to be able to produce certain of these ceramic
proppants without infringing on the patent and/or licensing
rights held by the Company, the above-referenced competitor or
both. In addition to patent rights, the Company uses a
significant amount of trade secrets, or Know-how,
and other proprietary information and technology in the conduct
of its business. None of this Know-how and
technology is licensed to or from third parties.
Pinnacle owns two U.S. patent applications (together with a
number of counterparts to one of the applications in numerous
foreign jurisdictions) that cover certain of its proprietary
systems. The patent applications are in the early stages of the
patent prosecution process, and patents may not issue on such
applications in any jurisdiction for some time, if they issue at
all. Pinnacle also licenses several patents from third parties
for use in its business. In addition to patent rights, Pinnacle
uses a significant amount of Know-how and other
proprietary technology in the conduct of its business, and a
substantial portion of this Know-how and technology
is licensed by Pinnacle from third parties.
Production Capacity
The Company believes that constructing adequate capacity ahead
of demand while incorporating new technology to reduce
manufacturing costs are important competitive strategies to
increase its overall share of the market for proppant. Prior to
1993, the Companys production capacity was in excess of
its sales requirements. Since that time, the Company has been
expanding its capacity in order to meet the generally increasing
demand for its products. In 1993, the Company increased the
capacity of the Eufaula facility from 90 million pounds per
year to 170 million pounds per year, in response to the
increasing demand for the Companys CARBOLITE®
and CARBOECONOPROP® products. In 1995, the Company
completed a 40 million-pound per year capacity expansion at
the New Iberia facility, intended to meet increasing demand for
CARBOHSPtm
and CARBOPROP®. In 1996, the Company commenced
operation of its second 80 million-pound per year expansion
of the Eufaula plant bringing total capacity at the facility to
250 million pounds per year. Subsequent modifications to
the Eufaula plant and revisions to certain permits increased its
capacity to 260 million pounds per year in late 2004. In
2003, the Company completed installation of additional equipment
in its New Iberia facility to increase production capacity to
120 million pounds per year.
In June 1999, the Company substantially completed construction
of a new manufacturing facility in McIntyre, Georgia. Design
capacity of the plant was 200 million pounds per year and
the total initial cost of the plant was approximately
$60 million. During 2002 and 2003, the Company spent
approximately $17.2 million to expand the capacity of the
McIntyre facility to 275 million pounds per year. This
expansion was completed in early 2003.
In late 2002, the Company completed construction of a new
manufacturing facility in Luoyang, China, at a cost of
approximately $10 million. The plant began operation on
schedule in the fourth quarter of 2002 and the first commercial
shipments were made from the plant in January 2003. In 2004, the
Company added a
6
second production line to the Luoyang, China facility at a cost
of approximately $6 million. The second production line
increased annual capacity at the Luoyang, China facility to
100 million pounds.
In 2004, the Company began construction of a new manufacturing
facility in Wilkinson County, Georgia. This facility is expected
to cost $62 million, have annual capacity of
250 million pounds, and be completed at the end of 2005.
The following table sets forth the current capacity of each of
the Companys existing manufacturing facilities:
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Annual Capacity | |
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Products | |
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(Millions of pounds) | |
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New Iberia, Louisiana
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120 |
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CARBOHSP and CARBOPROP® |
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Eufaula, Alabama
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260 |
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CARBOLITE® and CARBOECONOPROP® |
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McIntyre, Georgia
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275 |
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CARBOLITE®, CARBOECONOPROP® |
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CARBOHSP and CARBOPROP® |
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Luoyang, China
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100 |
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CARBOPROP® and CARBOLITE® |
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Total current capacity
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755 |
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The Company generally supplies its customers with products on a
just-in-time basis and operates without any material backlog.
Long-lived assets by geographic area
Long-lived assets, consisting of net property, plant and
equipment and goodwill, as of December 31 in the United
States and other countries are as follows:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| |
|
($ In millions) | |
|
Long-lived assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
United States
|
|
$ |
130.2 |
|
|
$ |
124.1 |
|
|
$ |
119.4 |
|
| |
International (primarily China)
|
|
|
17.0 |
|
|
|
14.4 |
|
|
|
11.8 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Total
|
|
$ |
147.2 |
|
|
$ |
138.5 |
|
|
$ |
131.2 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risks associated with the Companys international
operations are described under Item 7.
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations Trends, Risks and
Uncertainties Our international operations subject
us to risks inherent in doing business on an international level
that could adversely impact our results of operations.
Environmental and Other Governmental Regulations
The Company believes that its operations are in substantial
compliance with applicable federal, state and local
environmental and safety laws and regulations. The Company does
not anticipate any significant expenditure in order to continue
to comply with such laws and regulations.
Employees
At December 31, 2004, the Company had 426 full-time
employees. In addition to the services of its employees, the
Company employs the services of consultants as required. The
Companys employees are not represented by labor unions.
There have been no work stoppages or strikes during the last
three years that have resulted in the loss of production or
production delays. The Company believes its relations with its
employees are satisfactory.
7
Forward-Looking Information
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a
safe harbor for forward-looking statements. This
Form 10-K, the Companys Annual Report to
Shareholders, any Form 10-Q or any Form 8-K of the
Company or any other written or oral statements made by or on
behalf of the Company may include forward-looking statements
which reflect the Companys current views with respect to
future events and financial performance. The words
believe, expect, anticipate,
project and similar expressions identify
forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place
undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, each of
which speaks only as of the date the statement was made. The
Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise
any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new
information, future events or otherwise. The Companys
forward-looking statements are based on assumptions that we
believe to be reasonable but that may not prove to be accurate.
All of the Companys forward-looking information is subject
to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to
differ materially from the results expected. Although it is not
possible to identify all factors, these risks and uncertainties
include the risk factors discussed below.
The Companys results of operations could be adversely
affected if its business assumptions do not prove to be accurate
or if adverse changes occur in the Companys business
environment, including but not limited to:
|
|
|
| |
|
a potential decline in the demand for oil and natural gas; |
| |
| |
|
potential declines or increased volatility in oil and natural
gas prices that would adversely affect our customers, the energy
industry or our production costs; |
| |
| |
|
potential reductions in spending on exploration and development
drilling in the oil and natural gas industry that would reduce
demand for our products and services; |
| |
| |
|
the development of alternative stimulation techniques; |
| |
| |
|
the development of alternative proppants for use in hydraulic
fracturing; |
| |
| |
|
general global economic and business conditions; |
| |
| |
|
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and |
| |
| |
|
the potential expropriation of assets by foreign governments. |
The Companys results of operations could also be adversely
affected as a result of worldwide economic, political and
military events, including war, terrorist activity or
initiatives by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries. For further information, see Item 7.
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations Trends, Risks and
Uncertainties.
Available Information
The Companys annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly
reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and
amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are made
available free of charge on the Companys internet website
at http://www.carboceramics.com as soon as reasonably
practicable after such material is filed with, or furnished to,
the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
The public may read and copy any materials the Company files
with the SEC at the SECs Public Reference Room at
450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington DC 20549. The public may
obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room
by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an
Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information
statements, and other information regarding issuers that file
electronically with the SEC, at http://www.sec.gov.
8
The Company maintains its corporate headquarters (approximately
8,000 square feet of leased office space) in Irving, Texas,
owns its manufacturing facilities, land and substantially all of
the related production equipment in New Iberia, Louisiana, and
Eufaula, Alabama, and leases its McIntyre, Georgia, facility
through 2016, at which time title will be conveyed to the
Company. The Company owns the buildings and production equipment
at its facility in Luoyang, China, and has been granted use of
the land on which the facility is located through 2051 under the
terms of a land use agreement with the Peoples Republic of
China. The Company maintains a sales office in Houston, Texas
(approximately 2,100 square feet of leased office space).
The facility in New Iberia, Louisiana, located on 24 acres
of land owned by the Company, consists of two production units
(approximately 85,000 square feet), a laboratory
(approximately 4,000 square feet) and an office building
(approximately 3,000 square feet). The Company also owns an
80,000 square foot warehouse on the plant grounds in New
Iberia, Louisiana.
The facility in Eufaula, Alabama, located on 14 acres of
land owned by the Company, consists of one production unit
(approximately 111,000 square feet), a laboratory
(approximately 2,000 square feet) and an office
(approximately 1,700 square feet).
The facility in McIntyre, Georgia, includes real property,
consisting of approximately 36 acres, plant and equipment
that are leased by the Company from the Development Authority of
Wilkinson County. The term of the lease commenced on
September 1, 1997 and terminates on December 1, 2016.
Under the terms of the lease, as amended in 2003, the Company
was responsible for all costs incurred in connection with the
premises, including costs of construction of the plant and
equipment. As an inducement to locate the facility in Wilkinson
County, Georgia, the Company received certain ad-valorem
property tax incentives. The lease and a related memorandum of
understanding define a negotiated value of the Companys
leasehold interest during the term of the lease. The lease also
calls for annual payments of additional rent to the Development
Authority of Wilkinson County. The total additional rent
payments are immaterial in relation to the cost of the facility
borne by the Company. At the termination of the lease, title to
all of the real property, plant and equipment will be conveyed
to the Company in exchange for nominal consideration. The
Company has the right to purchase the property, plant and
equipment at any time during the term of the lease for a nominal
price plus payment of any additional rent due to the Development
Authority of Wilkinson County through the remaining lease term.
The facility in Luoyang, China, is located on approximately
11 acres and consists of various production and support
buildings (approximately 106,000 square feet), a laboratory
(approximately 6,000 square feet), and two administrative
buildings (each of which is approximately 6,000 square
feet).
The Companys customer service and distribution operations
are located at the New Iberia facility, while its quality
control, testing and development functions operate at the New
Iberia, Eufaula and McIntyre facilities. The Company owns
distribution facilities in San Antonio, Texas; Rock
Springs, Wyoming; and Edmonton and Grande Prairie, Alberta,
Canada.
During 2002 and 2003, the Company completed the acquisition of
approximately 1,500 acres of land and leasehold interests
in Wilkinson County, Georgia, near its plant in McIntyre,
Georgia. The land contains approximately 12 million tons of
raw material for use in the production of the Companys
lightweight ceramic proppants. The Company has contracted with a
third party to mine and haul the reserves and bear the
responsibility for subsequent reclamation of the mined areas.
The Companys wholly-owned subsidiary, Pinnacle
Technologies, Inc., leases its corporate headquarters in
San Francisco, California (approximately 6,800 square
feet), and maintains leased offices totaling approximately
27,000 square feet in Houston, Texas; Centennial, Colorado;
Delft, The Netherlands; and Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Pinnacle
also owns its field office (approximately 2,800 square
feet) in Bakersfield, California.
9
|
|
| Item 3. |
Legal Proceedings |
The Company and Curimbaba are currently involved in litigation
in Texas federal district court to determine if Curimbabas
intermediate strength product infringes a patent owned by the
Company. The Company does not believe that this proceeding will
have a material adverse effect on its business or its results of
operations.
From time to time, the Company is the subject of legal
proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. The
Company does not believe that any of these proceedings will have
a material adverse effect on its business or its results of
operations.
|
|
| Item 4. |
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during
the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2004.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
Dr. C. Mark Pearson (age 49) has served as President
and Chief Executive Officer since April 2001. Prior to assuming
these positions, Dr. Pearson served as the Companys
Senior Vice President of Marketing & Technology from
March 1997 to 2001. Prior to joining the Company,
Dr. Pearson was an Associate Professor of Petroleum
Engineering at the Colorado School of Mines from 1995 to March
1997. Dr. Pearson held various positions with Atlantic
Richfield Company from 1984 to 1995.
Paul G. Vitek (age 46) has been the Senior Vice President
of Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer since
January 2000. Prior to serving in his current capacity,
Mr. Vitek served as Vice President of Finance from February
1996 and has served as Treasurer and Secretary of the Company
since 1988.
Mark L. Edmunds (age 49) has been the Vice President,
Operations since April 2002. From 2000 until joining the
Company, Mr. Edmunds served as Business Unit Manager and
Plant Manager for FMC Corporation. Prior to 2000,
Mr. Edmunds served Union Carbide Corporation and The Dow
Chemical Company in a variety of management positions including
Director of Operations, Director of Internal Consulting and
Manufacturing Operations Manager.
Christopher A. Wright (age 40) has been a Vice President of
the Company since May 2002. Mr. Wright has been President
of Pinnacle Technologies, Inc., a provider of fracture
diagnostic products and services, and subsidiary of the Company,
since its founding in 1992.
All officers are elected at the Annual Meeting of the Board of
Directors for one-year terms or until their successors are duly
elected. There are no arrangements between any officer and any
other person pursuant to which he was selected as an officer.
There is no family relationship between any of the named
executive officers or between any of them and the Companys
directors.
PART II
|
|
| Item 5. |
Market for Registrants Common Equity and Related
Stockholder Matters |
Common Stock Market Prices and Dividends
The Companys Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock
Exchange (ticker symbol CRR). The approximate number of holders,
including both record holders and individual participants in
security position listings, of the Companys Common Stock
at February 15, 2005 was 13,600.
10
High and low stock prices and dividends for the last two fiscal
years were:
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| |
|
Sales Price | |
|
Cash | |
|
Sales Price | |
|
Cash | |
| |
|
| |
|
Dividends | |
|
| |
|
Dividends | |
| Quarter Ended |
|
High | |
|
Low | |
|
Declared | |
|
High | |
|
Low | |
|
Declared | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
March 31
|
|
$ |
66.45 |
|
|
$ |
50.10 |
|
|
$ |
0.10 |
|
|
$ |
35.90 |
|
|
$ |
30.72 |
|
|
$ |
0.09 |
|
|
June 30
|
|
|
74.00 |
|
|
|
61.15 |
|
|
|
0.10 |
|
|
|
39.97 |
|
|
|
32.65 |
|
|
|
0.09 |
|
|
September 30
|
|
|
73.37 |
|
|
|
64.07 |
|
|
|
0.12 |
|
|
|
39.25 |
|
|
|
35.29 |
|
|
|
0.10 |
|
|
December 31
|
|
|
77.80 |
|
|
|
67.78 |
|
|
|
0.12 |
|
|
|
53.65 |
|
|
|
36.14 |
|
|
|
0.10 |
|
The Company currently expects to continue its policy of paying
quarterly cash dividends, although there can be no assurance as
to future dividends because they depend on future earnings,
capital requirements and financial condition.
|
|
| Item 6. |
Selected Financial Data |
The following selected financial data are derived from the
audited consolidated financial statements of the Company. The
data should be read in conjunction with Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations and the financial statements and notes thereto
included elsewhere in this Report.
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Years Ended December 31, | |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
|
2001 | |
|
2000 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| |
|
($ In thousands, except per share data) | |
|
Statement of Income Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Revenues
|
|
$ |
223,054 |
|
|
$ |
169,936 |
|
|
$ |
126,308 |
|
|
$ |
137,226 |
|
|
$ |
93,324 |
|
| |
Cost of sales
|
|
|
129,701 |
|
|
|
102,316 |
|
|
|
78,753 |
|
|
|
82,919 |
|
|
|
61,330 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Gross profit
|
|
|
93,353 |
|
|
|
67,620 |
|
|
|
47,555 |
|
|
|
54,307 |
|
|
|
31,994 |
|
| |
Selling, general and administrative expenses(1)
|
|
|
27,955 |
|
|
|
20,606 |
|
|
|
16,875 |
|
|
|
14,732 |
|
|
|
8,837 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Operating profit
|
|
|
65,398 |
|
|
|
47,014 |
|
|
|
30,680 |
|
|
|
39,575 |
|
|
|
23,157 |
|
| |
Other, net
|
|
|
824 |
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
563 |
|
|
|
1,106 |
|
|
|
268 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Income before income taxes
|
|
|
66,222 |
|
|
|
47,087 |
|
|
|
31,243 |
|
|
|
40,681 |
|
|
|
23,425 |
|
| |
Income taxes
|
|
|
24,549 |
|
|
|
17,518 |
|
|
|
11,529 |
|
|
|
14,483 |
|
|
|
8,595 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Net income
|
|
$ |
41,673 |
|
|
$ |
29,569 |
|
|
$ |
19,714 |
|
|
$ |
26,198 |
|
|
$ |
14,830 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Earnings per share
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Basic
|
|
$ |
2.62 |
|
|
$ |
1.90 |
|
|
$ |
1.29 |
|
|
$ |
1.76 |
|
|
$ |
1.01 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Diluted
|
|
$ |
2.60 |
|
|
$ |
1.88 |
|
|
$ |
1.28 |
|
|
$ |
1.74 |
|
|
$ |
1.00 |
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
December 31, | |
| |
|
| |
| |
|
2004 | |
|
2003 | |
|
2002 | |
|
2001 | |
|
2000 | |
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
| |
|
($ In thousands, except per share data) | |
|
Balance Sheet Data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Current assets
|
|
$ |
146,282 |
|
|
$ |
92,709 |
|
|
$ |
64,867 |
|
|
$ |
76,502 |
|
|
$ |
47,415 |
|
| |
Current liabilities excluding bank borrowings
|
|
|
29,192 |
|
|
|
16,432 |
|
|
|
17,940 |
|
|
|
11,127 |
|
|
|
9,415 |
|
| |
Bank borrowings-current
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
Property, plant and equipment, net
|
|
|
125,385 |
|
|
|
116,664 |
|
|
|
111,797 |
|
|
|
82,527 |
|
|
|
78,007 |
|
| |
Total assets
|
|
|
297,517 |
|
|
|
235,124 |
|
|
|
199,610 |
|
|
|
159,029 |
|
|
|
125,422 |
|
| |
Total shareholders equity
|
|
|
244,367 |
|
|
|
200,139 |
|
|
|
168,585 |
|
|
|
136,942 |
|
|
|
106,140 |
|
| |
Cash dividends per share
|
|
$ |
0.440 |
|
|
$ |
0.380 |
|
|
$ |
0.360 |
|
|
$ |
0.345 |
|
|
$ |
0.300 |
|
|
|
| (1) |
Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses for
2003, 2002, 2001 and 2000 include costs of start-up activities
of $80,000, $1,099,000, $35,000 and $27,000, respectively.
Start-up costs for 2003 are related to expansion of the McIntyre
and New Iberia facilities and initial operation of the new China |
11
|
|
|
facility. Start-up costs for 2002 and 2001 are related to the
new production facility in China, including organizational and
administrative costs associated with plant construction plus
labor, materials and utilities expended to bring installed
equipment to operating condition. Start-up costs in 2000 consist
of labor, materials and utilities expended in bringing installed
equipment to normal operating conditions at the Companys
plant in McIntyre, Georgia. SG&A expenses in 2002 also
include the accrual of a $993,000 reserve related to a legal
judgment against the Company. SG&A expenses in 2004 and 2003
also include losses of $1,144,000 and $717,000, respectively,
associated with the disposal of certain equipment and impairment
of certain Pinnacle software. |
|
|
| Item 7. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations |
Executive Level Overview
CARBO Ceramics Inc. generates revenue through the sale of
products and services to the oil and gas industry. The
Companys principal business consists of manufacturing and
selling ceramic proppant for use in the hydraulic fracturing of
oil and natural gas wells. The Companys products and
services help oil and gas producers increase production and
recovery rates from their wells, thereby lowering overall
reservoir development costs. As a result, the Companys
business is dependent to a large extent on the level of drilling
activity in the oil and gas industry worldwide. However, the
Company has increased its revenues and income over an extended
period and across various industry business cycles by increasing
its share of the worldwide market for all types of proppant.
While the Companys ceramic proppants are more expensive
than alternative non-ceramic proppants, the Company has been
able to demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of its products to
numerous operators of oil and gas wells through increased
technical marketing activity. The Company believes its future
prospects will benefit from both an expected increase in
drilling activity worldwide and the desire of industry
participants to lower their overall development costs.
Recently, the Company has expanded its operations outside the
United States. International revenues represented 47%, 36% and
30% of total revenues, respectively, over the past three years.
In 2002 the Company constructed a manufacturing plant in China,
its first plant located outside the United States, and completed
a second production line at the facility in 2004 that doubled
that plants capacity. In 2004, the Company opened a sales
office in Moscow, Russia and established distribution operations
in this country. The Company also continues to evaluate the
possibility of building a production facility in Russia. The
Company believes international operations will continue to
represent an important role in its future growth.
Revenue growth in recent years has been driven primarily by
increases in sales volume. Because the Companys products
compete in part against lower-cost alternatives, price increases
for the Companys products have been minimal in recent
years and the Company expects future growth will continue to be
dependent on increasing sales volume. As a result, the Company
initiated construction of significant new manufacturing capacity
in 2004 to me