UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
FORM 10-K
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x
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR
15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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| For the fiscal year ended January 25, 2004 | ||||
| OR | ||||
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o
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR
15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number 1-13740
BORDERS GROUP, INC.
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Michigan (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
38-3294588 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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100 Phoenix Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Address of principal executive offices) |
48108 (Zip code) |
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(734) 477-1100
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the act:
| Title of Class | Name of Exchange on which registered | |
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Common Stock
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New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the act:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [X] No [ ]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $1,387,051,607 based upon the closing market price of $17.95 per share of Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange as of July 25, 2003.
Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of March 23, 2004: 78,316,235
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrants Proxy Statement for the May 20, 2004 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III.
BORDERS GROUP, INC. INDEX
PART I
| Item 1. | Business |
Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements reflect managements current expectations and are inherently uncertain. The Companys actual results may differ significantly from managements expectations. Exhibit 99.1, Cautionary Statement Under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K identifies the forward-looking statements and describes some, but not all, of the factors that could cause these differences.
General
Borders Group, Inc., through its subsidiaries, Borders, Inc. (Borders), Walden Book Company, Inc. (Waldenbooks), Borders U.K. Limited, Borders Australia Pty Limited and others (individually and collectively, the Company), is the second largest operator of book, music and movie superstores and the largest operator of mall-based bookstores in the world based upon both sales and number of stores. At January 25, 2004, the Company operated 482 superstores under the Borders name, including 24 in the United Kingdom, nine in Australia, two in Puerto Rico, and one each in Singapore and New Zealand. The Company also operated 716 mall-based and other bookstores primarily under the Waldenbooks name in the United States and 36 bookstores under the Books etc. name in the United Kingdom.
Segment Information
The Company is organized based upon the following operating segments: domestic Borders stores, International Borders and Books etc. stores, Waldenbooks stores, and Corporate (consisting of the unallocated portion of interest expense, certain corporate governance costs and corporate incentive costs).
Borders
Borders is a premier operator of book, music and movie superstores in the United States, offering customers selection and service that the Company believes to be superior to other such superstore operators. A key element of the Companys strategy is to continue its growth and increase its profitability through the ongoing expansion and refinement of its Borders superstore operations. In 2003, the Company opened 41 new Borders superstores, achieved average sales per square foot of $229 and average sales per superstore of $5.8 million. Borders superstores also achieved compound annual net sales growth of 5.4%, 8.0% and 13.6% for the three years ended January 25, 2004, January 26, 2003 and January 27, 2002, respectively.
Each Borders superstore offers customers a vast assortment of books, music and movies, superior customer service, value pricing and an inviting and comfortable environment designed to encourage browsing. Borders superstores carry an average of 97,000 book titles, with individual store selections ranging from 59,000 titles to 176,000 titles, across numerous categories, including many hard-to-find titles. As of January 25, 2004, 435 of the 445 domestic Borders superstores were in a book, music and movie format, which also feature an extensive selection of pre-recorded music, with an emphasis on hard-to-find recordings and categories such as jazz, classical and world music, and a broad assortment of DVDs, focusing on new release and catalog movies. A typical Borders superstore carries approximately 26,000 titles of music and over 9,000 titles of movies.
Borders superstores average 25,200 square feet in size, including approximately 12,900 square feet devoted to books, 4,100 square feet devoted to music, 1,300 square feet devoted to a café, 800 square feet devoted to newsstand, 600 square feet devoted to movies and 200 square feet devoted to gifts and stationery. Stores opened in 2003 averaged 20,600 square feet. Each store is distinctive in appearance and architecture and is designed to complement its local surroundings, although Borders utilizes certain standardized specifications to increase the speed and lower the cost of new store openings.
2
The number of Borders domestic stores located in each state and the District of Columbia as of January 25, 2004 are listed below:
| Number of | ||||
| State | Stores | |||
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Alaska
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1 | |||
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Arizona
|
10 | |||
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California
|
70 | |||
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Colorado
|
13 | |||
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Connecticut
|
7 | |||
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Delaware
|
2 | |||
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District of Columbia
|
3 | |||
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Florida
|
26 | |||
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Georgia
|
15 | |||
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Hawaii
|
6 | |||
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Idaho
|
2 | |||
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Illinois
|
32 | |||
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Indiana
|
11 | |||
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Iowa
|
3 | |||
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Kansas
|
6 | |||
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Kentucky
|
3 | |||
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Louisiana
|
1 | |||
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Maine
|
2 | |||
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Maryland
|
11 | |||
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Massachusetts
|
13 | |||
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Michigan
|
17 | |||
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Minnesota
|
8 | |||
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Mississippi
|
1 | |||
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Missouri
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8 | |||
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Montana
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3 | |||
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Nebraska
|
2 | |||
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Nevada
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6 | |||
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New Hampshire
|
4 | |||
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New Jersey
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17 | |||
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New Mexico
|
4 | |||
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New York
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24 | |||
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North Carolina
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8 | |||
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Ohio
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16 | |||
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Oklahoma
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4 | |||
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Oregon
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7 | |||
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Pennsylvania
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20 | |||
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Rhode Island
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2 | |||
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South Dakota
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1 | |||
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Tennessee
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6 | |||
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Texas
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18 | |||
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Utah
|
4 | |||
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Vermont
|
1 | |||
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Virginia
|
11 | |||
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Washington
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9 | |||
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West Virginia
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1 | |||
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Wisconsin
|
6 | |||
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Total
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445 | |||
Waldenbooks
Waldenbooks is the nations leading operator of mall-based bookstores in terms of sales and number of stores, offering customers a convenient source for new releases, hardcover and paperback bestsellers, periodicals and a standard selection of other titles. Waldenbooks generates cash flow that the Company uses to finance the Companys growth initiatives. Waldenbooks achieved average sales per square foot of $275 and average sales per store of $1.1 million for 2003. Waldenbooks stores average approximately 3,900 square feet in size, and carry an average of 17,800 titles, ranging from 4,900 in an airport store to 29,900 in a large format store. Waldenbooks also operates one of the longest-running customer loyalty programs in the nation, the Preferred Reader Program.
3
The number of Waldenbooks stores located in each state and the District of Columbia as of January 25, 2004 are listed below:
| Number of | ||||
| State | Stores | |||
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Alabama
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4 | |||
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Alaska
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5 | |||
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Arizona
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8 | |||
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Arkansas
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6 | |||
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California
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53 | |||
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Colorado
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11 | |||
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Connecticut
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13 | |||
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Delaware
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3 | |||
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District of Columbia
|
2 | |||
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Florida
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41 | |||
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Georgia
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21 | |||
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Hawaii
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11 | |||
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Idaho
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3 | |||
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Illinois
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34 | |||
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Indiana
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16 | |||
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Iowa
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11 | |||
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Kansas
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7 | |||
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Kentucky
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10 | |||
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Louisiana
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6 | |||
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Maine
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2 | |||
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Maryland
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19 | |||
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Massachusetts
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23 | |||
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Michigan
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25 | |||
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Minnesota
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7 | |||
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Mississippi
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5 | |||
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Missouri
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14 | |||
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Montana
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4 | |||
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Nebraska
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5 | |||
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Nevada
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3 | |||
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New Hampshire
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5 | |||
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New Jersey
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23 | |||
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New Mexico
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2 | |||
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New York
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39 | |||
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North Carolina
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21 | |||
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North Dakota
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3 | |||
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Ohio
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38 | |||
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Oklahoma
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10 | |||
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Oregon
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9 | |||
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Pennsylvania
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50 | |||
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Rhode Island
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5 | |||
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South Carolina
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12 | |||
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South Dakota
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2 | |||
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Tennessee
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10 | |||
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Texas
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44 | |||
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Utah
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3 | |||
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Vermont
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4 | |||
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Virginia
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27 | |||
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Washington
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14 | |||
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West Virginia
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8 | |||
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Wisconsin
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13 | |||
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Wyoming
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2 | |||
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Total
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716 | |||
International
The Companys International operations began in 1997 with the acquisition of Books etc. in the United Kingdom and the opening of a superstore in Singapore. Since then, the Company has expanded its International operations to establish a presence on four continents. The Company opened seven International superstores in 2003.
International superstores as of January 25, 2004 are listed below:
| Number of | ||||
| Country | Stores | |||
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Australia
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9 | |||
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New Zealand
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1 | |||
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Puerto Rico
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2 | |||
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Singapore
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1 | |||
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United Kingdom
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24 | |||
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Total
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37 | |||
International superstores, which operate under the Borders name, achieved average sales per square foot of $340 and average sales per store of $9.2 million for 2003. International superstores range between 14,200 and 42,400 square feet in size, and are located in both city center as well as suburban locations. All International superstores offer book, music and movie products. Furthermore, the Company believes it has a competitive advantage due to its depth of
4
The Company also operated 36 stores under the Books etc. name in the United Kingdom as of January 25, 2004, which are small-format stores located primarily in central London or in various airports in the United Kingdom. These stores primarily offer books and average 4,700 square feet in size, with the largest being 10,700 square feet and the smallest being 600 square feet.
Borders.com and Waldenbooks.com
From May 1998 to August 2001, the Company operated an Internet commerce site, Borders.com. In 2001, the Company entered into an agreement with an affiliate of Amazon.com, Inc. (Amazon) for Amazon to develop and operate a Web site utilizing the Borders.com URL (the Mirror Site). Operation of the Mirror Site began August 1, 2001. As of that date, the Company stopped selling merchandise via its Company-owned and -operated Borders.com Web site and the Internet. In 2002, the Company entered into an additional agreement with Amazon, for Amazon to develop and operate a Web site utilizing the Waldenbooks.com URL (the Second Mirror Site). Operation of the Second Mirror Site began November 11, 2002.
Under these agreements, Amazon is the merchant of record for all sales made through the Mirror Sites, and determines all prices and other terms and conditions applicable to such sales. Amazon is responsible for the fulfillment of all products sold through the Mirror Sites and retains all payments from customers. The Company receives referral fees for products purchased through the Mirror Sites. The agreements contain mutual indemnification provisions, including provisions that essentially allocate between the parties responsibilities with respect to any liabilities for sales, use and similar taxes, including penalties and interest, associated with products sold on the Mirror Sites. Currently, taxes are not collected with respect to products sold on the Mirror Sites except in certain states.
Also in 2002, Borders entered into an agreement with Amazon to allow customers ordering certain book, music and movie products through certain of Amazons Web sites to purchase and pick up the merchandise at Borders stores in the United States (Express In-Store Pick Up). Under this agreement, the Company is the merchant of record for all sales made through this service, and determines all prices and other terms and conditions applicable to such sales. The Company fulfills all products sold through Express In-Store Pick Up. In addition, the Company assumes all risk, cost and responsibility related to the sale and fulfillment of all products sold. The Company recognizes revenue upon customers pick up of the merchandise at the store. The Company also pays referral fees to Amazon pursuant to this agreement. This service was offered to customers beginning November 27, 2002.
In November of 2003, the Company announced a multi-year extension of the Mirror Sites and Express In-Store Pick Up agreements with Amazon.
Distribution
The Company believes that its centralized distribution system, consisting of 13 distribution facilities worldwide, combined with Borders use of its proprietary expert system to manage inventory, significantly enhances its ability to manage inventory on a store-by-store basis. Inventory is shipped from vendors primarily to the Companys distribution centers. Approximately 87% and 71% of the books carried by Borders and Waldenbooks, respectively, are processed through the Companys distribution facilities. Approximately 85% of the inventory that arrives from publishers is processed within 48 hours for shipment to the stores. New release titles and rush orders are processed within 24 hours. Borders purchases substantially all of its music and movie merchandise directly from manufacturers and utilizes the Companys own distribution center to ship approximately 95% of its music and movie inventory to its stores.
5
As of January 25, 2004, the Company utilized distribution centers in the following localities:
| Locality, Country | Number | |||
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Auckland, New Zealand
|
1 | |||
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California, United States
|
1 | |||
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Indiana, United States
|
1 | |||
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Ohio, United States
|
1 | |||
|
Pennsylvania, United States
|
1 | |||
|
Puerto Rico
|
2 | |||
|
Singapore
|
1 | |||
|
St. Columb, United Kingdom
|
1 | |||
|
Tennessee, United States
|
3 | |||
|
Victoria, Australia
|
1 | |||
|
Total
|
13 | |||
The Company has a 200,000 square-foot fulfillment center in La Vergne, Tennessee that supported Borders.com prior to August 2001. Pursuant to the Mirror Site agreement with Amazon as discussed above, Amazon assumed the fulfillment of online orders upon the transition to a co-branded site in August 2001. This fulfillment center also distributed the Companys special order merchandise to Borders and Waldenbooks stores. Pursuant to a March 15, 2001 agreement, Ingram Book Group (Ingram) became the primary provider of book fulfillment services for the Companys special order sales. The transaction included the sale to Ingram of a large percentage of the book inventory housed in this fulfillment center. The Company has since converted the La Vergne facility to support other products and retail store growth.
In general, books can be returned to their publishers at cost. Borders and Waldenbooks stores return books to the Companys centralized returns center in Nashville, Tennessee to be processed for return to the publishers. In general, Borders can return music and movie merchandise to its vendors at cost plus an additional fee to cover handling and processing costs.
Employees
As of January 25, 2004, the Company had a total of approximately 15,000 full-time employees and approximately 17,300 part-time employees. When hiring new employees, the Company considers a number of factors, including education, experience, diversity, personality and orientation toward customer service. All new store employees participate in a training program that provides up to two weeks of in-store training in all aspects of customer service and selling, including title searches for in-stock and in-print merchandise, merchandising, sorting, operation of point of sale terminals and store policies and procedures. The Company believes that its relations with employees are generally excellent. In general, the Companys employees are not represented by unions, with the exception of the employees of two Borders stores. Employees of both stores elected to be represented by the United Food and Commercial Workers International Union (UFCW). The employees of one of these stores have ratified a two-year contract.
Trademarks and Service Marks
Borders®, Borders Book Shop®, and Borders Books & Music®, among other marks, are all registered trademarks and service marks used by Borders. Brentanos®, Coopersmiths®, Waldenbooks®, Waldenbooks Preferred Reader® and Waldenkids®, among other marks, are all registered trademarks and service marks used by Waldenbooks. Books etc.® is a registered trademark and service mark used by Borders U.K. Limited. Borders.com® is a registered trademark and service mark used by Borders Online, Inc. The Borders, Waldenbooks, Books etc., Borders.com and Waldenbooks.com service marks are used as trade names in connection with their business operations.
6
Relationship with Kmart
General. Prior to its initial public offering in May 1995, the Company was a subsidiary of Kmart Corporation (Kmart); Kmart currently owns no shares of common stock of the Company. On January 22, 2002, Kmart filed for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, and emerged from Chapter 11 on May 6, 2003. Such filings have not affected the operations of the Company.
Kmart and the Company continue to have the following contractual relationships.
Tax Allocation and Indemnification Agreement: Prior to the completion of its initial public offering (IPO), the Company was included in the consolidated federal income tax returns of Kmart and filed on a combined basis with Kmart in certain states. Pursuant to a tax allocation and indemnification agreement between the Company and Kmart (Tax Allocation Agreement) the Company will remain obligated to pay to Kmart any income taxes the Company would have had to pay if it had filed separate tax returns for the tax period beginning on January 26, 1995, and ending on June 1, 1995, the date of the consummation of the IPO (to the extent that it has not previously paid such amounts to Kmart). In addition, if the tax liability attributable to the Company for any previous tax period during which the Company was included in a consolidated federal income tax return filed by Kmart or a combined state return is adjusted as a result of an action of a taxing authority or a court, then the Company will pay to Kmart the amount of any increase in such liability and Kmart has agreed to pay to the Company the amount of any decrease in such liability (in either case together with interest and penalties). The Companys tax liability for previous years will not be affected by any increase or decrease in Kmarts tax liability if such increase or decrease is not directly attributable to the Company. After completion of the IPO, the Company continued to be subject under existing federal regulations to several liability for the consolidated federal income taxes for any tax year in which it was a member of any consolidated group of which Kmart was the common parent. Pursuant to the Tax Allocation Agreement, however, Kmart agreed to indemnify the Company for any federal income tax liability of Kmart or any of its subsidiaries (other than that which is attributable to the Company) that the Company could be required to pay and the Company agreed to indemnify Kmart for any of the Companys separate company taxes.
Lease Guaranty Agreement: Borders leases for 13 of its retail stores and its distribution center in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania have been guaranteed by Kmart. Under the terms of a lease guaranty, indemnification and reimbursement agreement entered into upon completion of the IPO, as amended, (Lease Guaranty Agreement), the underlying leases will be transferable by Borders, subject to a right of first refusal in favor of Kmart with respect to sites within a three-mile radius of a Kmart store and, with respect to all other sites, a right of first offer in favor of Kmart. The Company and Borders are required to indemnify Kmart with respect to (i) any liabilities Kmart may incur under the lease guarantees, except those liabilities arising from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Kmart, and (ii) any losses incurred by Kmart after taking possession of any particular premises, except to the extent such losses arise solely from the acts or omissions of Kmart. Under the terms of the Lease Guaranty Agreement, in the event of (i) the Companys or Borders failure to provide any required indemnity, (ii) a knowing and material violation of the limitations on transfers of guaranteed leases set forth in the agreement, or (iii) certain events of bankruptcy, Kmart will have the right to assume any or all of the guaranteed leases and to take possession of all of the premises underlying such guaranteed leases; provided, that in the event of a failure or failures to provide required indemnities, the remedy of taking possession of all of the premises underlying the guaranteed leases may be exercised only if such failures relate to an aggregate liability of $10.0 million or more and only if Kmart has provided 100 days prior written notice. In the event of a failure to provide required indemnities resulting in losses of more than the equivalent of two months rent under a particular lease but less than $10.0 million, Kmart may exercise such remedy of possession as to the premises underlying the guaranteed lease or leases to which the failure to provide the indemnity relates and one additional premise for each such premises to which the failure relates, up to a maximum, in any event, of five additional premises, and thereafter, with respect to such additional premises, Kmart remedies and indemnification rights shall terminate. In the event of a failure to provide required indemnities resulting in liabilities of less than the equivalent of two months rent under a particular lease, Kmart may exercise such remedy of possession only as to the premises underlying the guaranteed lease or leases to which the failure to provide the indemnity relates. The Lease Guaranty Agreement will remain in effect until the expiration of all lease guarantees, which the Company believes will be in January 2020.
7
Executive Officers of the Company
Set forth below is certain information regarding the executive officers of the Company:
| Name | Age | Position | ||
|
Gregory P. Josefowicz
|
51 | Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
|
Vincent E. Altruda
|
54 | President, Borders Stores Worldwide | ||
|
Thomas D. Carney
|
57 | Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary | ||
|
Daniel T. Smith
|
39 | Senior Vice President, Human Resources | ||
|
Michael G. Spinozzi
|
44 | Executive Vice President, Chief Marketing Officer | ||
|
Cedric J. Vanzura
|
40 | President, Waldenbooks and Corporate Information Technology | ||
|
Edward W. Wilhelm
|
45 | Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
Gregory P. Josefowicz has served as President, Chief Executive Officer and as a director of the Company since November 1999, and as Chairman of the Board since January 2002. For more than five years prior to joining the Company, he served in a variety of executive positions with Jewel-Osco, a food and drug retailer that is currently a division of Albertsons, Inc., most recently as President. Mr. Josefowicz also serves as a director of Ryerson Tull, Inc., a distributor and processor of metals, and Spartan Stores, Inc., a food retailer.
Vincent E. Altruda has served as President of the Companys International operations since December 1997 and as President of Borders Stores Worldwide since February 2004. From February 1997 through December 1997, Mr. Altruda served as Senior Vice President of Borders Store Development. From February 1995 through February 1997, Mr. Altruda served as Senior Vice President of Borders Store Operations. From December 1992 through February 1995, Mr. Altruda served as Vice President of Borders Store Operations.
Thomas D. Carney has been Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of the Company since December 1994. For more than five years prior to joining the Company, Mr. Carney was a Partner at the law firm of Dickinson, Wright, Moon, Van Dusen & Freeman in Detroit, Michigan.
Daniel T. Smith has served as Senior Vice President of Human Resources of the Company since March 2000. From April 1998 to March 2000, Mr. Smith served as Vice President of Human Resources of Waldenbooks. Mr. Smith served as Director of Human Resources for Waldenbooks from April 1996 to April 1998. He also served as Director of Compensation and Benefits of the Company from July 1995 to April 1996.
Michael G. Spinozzi has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer of the Company since January 2002. He also served as Senior Vice President of Sales and Marketing of Borders Stores from March 2001 to January 2002. Prior to joining the Company, he spent 19 years with Jewel-Osco stores, a food and drug retailer that is currently a division of Albertsons, Inc., and was most recently Senior Vice President of Marketing and Merchandising.
Cedric J. Vanzura has served as President of Waldenbooks and Corporate Information Technology since March 2003. Prior to rejoining the Company, Mr. Vanzura served as Chief Strategy Officer, Information Systems and Services for General Motors Corporation from 2000 to 2003. He was President and Chief Operating Officer for Lifemasters, a national disease management provider, from 1999 to 2000. From 1994 to 1999, Mr. Vanzura served in a variety of management positions with the Company, most recently as President of Borders Online.
Edward W. Wilhelm has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since August 2000. From 1997 through August 2000, Mr. Wilhelm served as Vice President of Planning, Reporting and Treasury for the Company. From 1994 through 1997, Mr. Wilhelm served as Vice President of Finance.
Risk Factors
The following risk factors and other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K should be carefully considered. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones the Company faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company or that the Company currently deems immaterial also may
8
Expansion Strategy
The Companys growth strategy is dependent principally on its ability to open new superstores and operate them profitably. The Company has been engaged in an aggressive expansion program, pursuant to which it has opened 41 domestic superstores in 2003. In 2004, however, the Company expects to open 18 to 20 domestic superstores. The Company is reducing the number of domestic superstore openings in order to ensure adequate focus and resources will be available for an expanded remodel program, through which the Company expects to complete major remodels of 40 to 50 existing stores. The Company has also opened seven International superstores in 2003, and expects to open six to eight International superstores in 2004.
In general, the rate of the Companys expansion depends, among other things, on general economic and business conditions affecting consumer confidence and spending, the availability of qualified management personnel and the Companys ability to manage the operational aspects of its growth. It also depends upon the availability of adequate capital, which in turn depends in a large part upon cash flow generated by Borders and Waldenbooks.
The Companys expansion into international markets has additional risks. It is costly to establish international facilities and operations, and to promote the Companys brands internationally. Sales from the Companys International segment may not offset the expense of establishing and maintaining the related operations and, therefore, these operations may not be profitable on a sustained basis. The Company is also subject to a number of risks inherent in selling abroad, including, but not limited to, risks with respect to foreign exchange rate fluctuations, local economic and political conditions, restrictive governmental policies and laws (such as trade protection measures, limitations on the repatriation of funds, nationalization and consumer protection laws and restrictions on pricing or discounts), difficulty in developing and simultaneously managing a larger number of unique foreign operations as a result of distance, language and cultural differences, tax and other laws and policies of the U.S. and other jurisdictions and geopolitical events, including war and terrorism. In addition, local companies may have a substantial competitive advantage because of their greater understanding of, and focus on, the local customer, as well as their more established local brand name recognition. Also, the Company may not be able to hire, train, retain, motivate and manage required personnel, which may limit the Companys growth internationally.
The Companys future results will depend, among other things, on its success in implementing its expansion strategy. If stores are opened more slowly than expected, sales at new stores reach targeted levels more slowly than expected (or fail to reach targeted levels) or related overhead costs increase in excess of expected levels, the Companys ability to successfully implement its expansion strategy would be adversely affected. In addition, the Company expects to open new superstores in certain markets in which it is already operating superstores, which could adversely affect sales at those existing stores.
There can be no assurance that the Company will sustain its accelerated rate of superstore growth or that it will achieve and sustain acceptable levels of profitability, particularly as other leading national and regional book, music and movie store chains develop and open superstores.
Waldenbooks
Waldenbooks results are highly dependent upon conditions in the mall retailing industry, including overall mall traffic. Mall traffic has been sluggish over the past several years and the Company expects it to remain sluggish for the foreseeable future. In addition, increased competition from superstores has adversely affected Waldenbooks sales. As a result, Waldenbooks comparable store sales results have been negatively affected. There can be no assurance that mall traffic will not decline further or that superstore competition, or other factors, will not further adversely affect Waldenbooks sales.
Seasonality
The Companys business is highly seasonal, with sales generally highest in the fourth quarter. During 2003, 35.5% of the Companys sales and 96.4% of the Companys operating income were generated in the fourth quarter. The
9
Competition
The retail book business is highly competitive. Competition within the retail book industry is fragmented, with Borders facing direct competition from other national superstore operators, as well as regional chains and superstores. In addition, Borders and Waldenbooks compete with each other, as well as other specialty retail stores that offer books in a particular area of specialty, independent single store operators, discount stores, drug stores, warehouse clubs, mail order clubs and mass merchandisers. In the future, Borders and Waldenbooks may face additional competition from other categories of retailers entering the retail book market.
The music and movie businesses are also highly competitive and Borders faces competition from large established music chains, established movie chains, as well as specialty retail stores, movie rental stores, discount stores, warehouse clubs and mass merchandisers. In addition, consumers receive television and mail order offers and have access to mail order clubs. The largest mail order clubs are affiliated with major manufacturers of pre-recorded music and may have advantageous marketing relationships with their affiliates.
The Internet has emerged as a significant channel for retailing in all media categories that the Company carries. In particular, the retailing of books and music over the Internet is highly competitive. In addition, the Company faces competition from companies engaged in the business of selling books, music and movies via electronic means, including the downloading of music content.
Consumer Spending Patterns
Sales of books, music and movies have historically been dependent upon discretionary consumer spending, which may be affected by general economic conditions, consumer confidence and other factors beyond the control of the Company. In addition, sales are dependent on a hit-driven merchandising strategy. A decline in consumer spending on books, music and movies, or in bestseller book, music and movie buying could have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial condition and results of operations and its ability to fund its expansion strategy.
Foreign Exchange Risk
The results of operations of the International segment are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations as the financial results of the applicable subsidiaries are translated from the local currency into U.S. dollars upon consolidation. As exchange rates vary, sales and other operating results, when translated, may differ materially from expectations. In addition, the Company is subject to gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, which could vary based on fluctuations in exchange rates and the timing of the transactions and their settlement.
Potential for Uninsured Losses and/or Claims
The Company is subject to the possibility of uninsured losses from risks such as terrorism, earthquakes, or floods, for which no, or limited, insurance coverage is maintained. The Company is also subject to risk of losses which may arise from adverse litigation results.
Reliance on Key Personnel
Management believes that the Companys continued success will depend to a significant extent upon the efforts and abilities of Mr. Gregory P. Josefowicz, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, as well as certain other key officers of the Company and each of its subsidiaries. The loss of the services of Mr. Josefowicz or of such other key officers could have a material adverse effect on the Company. The Company does not maintain key man life insurance on any of its key officers.
10
Availability of Information
The Companys Web site is located at www.bordersgroupinc.com. The Company makes available on this Web site under Investors, free of charge, annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after having electronically filed or furnished such materials to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Also available on this Web site under Investors, free of charge, is a copy of the Companys Code of Ethics Relating to Financial Reporting.
Item 2. Properties
Borders leases all of its stores. Borders store leases have an average initial term of 15 to 20 years with multiple three- to five-year renewal options. At January 25, 2004, the average unexpired term under Borders existing store leases in the United States was 12.6 years prior to the exercise of any options. The expiration of Borders leases for stores open at January 25, 2004 are as follows:
| Number of | ||||
| Lease Terms to Expire During 12 Months Ending on or about January 31 | Stores | |||
|
2004
|
10 | |||
|
2005
|
6 | |||
|
2006
|
6 | |||
|
2007
|
7 | |||
|
2008
|
12 | |||
|
2009 and later
|
404 | |||
|
Total
|
445 | |||
Waldenbooks leases all of its stores. Waldenbooks store leases generally have an initial term of 10 years. At present, the average unexpired term under Waldenbooks existing store leases is approximately 2.5 years. The expiration of Waldenbooks leases for stores open at January 25, 2004 are as follows:
| Number of | ||||
| Lease Terms to Expire During 12 Months Ending on or about January 31 | Stores | |||
|
2004
|
326 | |||
|
2005
|
95 | |||
|
2006
|
67 | |||
|
2007
|
46 | |||
|
2008
|
67 | |||
|
2009 and later
|
115 | |||
|
Total
|
716 | |||
The Company leases all of its International superstores. International store leases generally have an initial term of 15 to 25 years. At present, the average unexpired term under existing International store leases is approximately 13.7 years. The expiration of International superstore leases for stores open at January 25, 2004 are as follows:
| Number of | ||||
| Lease Terms to Expire During 12 Months Ending on or about January 31 | Stores | |||
|
2004
|
| |||
|
2005
|
1 | |||
|
2006
|
| |||
|
2007
|
1 | |||
|
2008
|
2 | |||
|
2009 and later
|
33 | |||
|
Total
|
37 | |||
11
Books etc. operated 36 stores in the United Kingdom as of January 25, 2004. Books etc. generally leases its stores under operating leases with terms ranging from 5 to 25 years. The average remaining lease term for Books etc. stores is 10.4 years.
The Company leases a portion of its corporate headquarters in Ann Arbor, Michigan and owns the remaining building and improvements. The Company leases all distribution centers.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
In August 1998, The Intimate Bookshop, Inc. (Intimate) and its owner, Wallace Kuralt, filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Company, Barnes & Noble, Inc., and others alleging violations of the Robinson-Patman Act. On September 30, 2003, the Court granted the defendants Motion For Summary Judgment and dismissed the case. Intimate filed a Notice of Appeal and, on January 30, 2004, the matter was settled for an amount that is not material.
Two former employees,