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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002

Commission file number 1-11607

DTE ENERGY COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

     
Michigan   38-3217752
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
2000 2nd Avenue, Detroit, Michigan   48226-1279
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

313-235-4000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

     
Title of each class   Name of each exchange on which registered

 
Common Stock, without par value, with contingent
preferred stock purchase rights
  New York and Chicago Stock Exchanges
     
8.75% Equity Security Units   New York Stock Exchange
     
8 5/8% Trust Preferred Securities*   New York Stock Exchange
     
7.8% Trust Preferred Securities **   New York Stock Exchange


*   Issued by MCN Financing II. The payments of dividends and payments on liquidation or redemption are guaranteed by DTE Energy.
 
**   Issued by DTE Energy Trust I. DTE Energy fully and unconditionally guarantees the payments of all amounts due on these securities to the extent DTE Energy Trust I has funds available for payment of such distributions.

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

     None     

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer. Yes x No o

Based on the closing price on June 28, 2002, our most recently completed second quarter, the aggregate market value of our Common Stock held by non-affiliates was $7.5 billion.

At January 31, 2003, 167,662,916 shares of DTE Energy’s Common Stock, substantially all held by non-affiliates, were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Certain information in DTE Energy Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2003 Annual Meeting of Common Shareholders to be held April 17, 2003, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than 120 days after the end of the Registrant’s fiscal year covered by this report on Form 10-K, is incorporated herein by reference to Part III (Items 10, 11, 12 and 13) of this Form 10-K.



 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Definitions
Forward-Looking Statements
Part I
Items 1 & 2. Business & Properties
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
Part II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
Item 6. Selected Financial Data
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Part III
Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant
Item 11. Executive Compensation
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
Part IV
Item 14. Controls and Procedures
Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K
Signatures
Certifications
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
Chief Executive Officer Certification
Chief Financial Officer Certification


Table of Contents

DTE ENERGY COMPANY

ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2002

TABLE OF CONTENTS

             
        Page  
       
 
DEFINITIONS         1  
             
FORWARD-LOOKING            
STATEMENTS         3  
             
PART I            
     Items 1 & 2.   Business & Properties     4  
             
     Item 3.   Legal Proceedings     24  
             
     Item 4.   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders     24  
             
PART II            
     Item 5.   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters     25  
             
     Item 6.   Selected Financial Data     26  
             
     Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     27  
             
     Item 7A   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     45  
             
     Item 8.   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data     46  
             
     Item 9.   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     100  
             
PART III            
     Item 10.   Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant     100  
             
     Item 11.   Executive Compensation     100  
             
     Item 12.   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management     100  
             
     Item 13.   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions     100  
             
PART IV            
     Item 14   Controls and Procedures     101  
             
     Item 15.   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K     102  
             
SIGNATURES         107  
             
CERTIFICATIONS         108  

 


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Definitions

     
Bcf   Billion cubic feet
     
Company   DTE Energy Company and subsidiary companies
     
Coke and Coke Battery   Raw coal is heated to high temperatures in ovens to drive off impurities, leaving a carbon residue called coke. Coke is combined with iron ore to create a high metallic iron that is used to produce steel. A series of coke ovens configured in a module is referred to as a battery.
     
Customer Choice   Choice programs are statewide initiatives giving customers in Michigan the option to choose alternative suppliers for electricity and gas.
     
Detroit Edison   The Detroit Edison Company (a wholly owned subsidiary of DTE Energy Company) and subsidiary companies
     
Distributed Generation   Electric energy produced at or close to the point of use, in contrast to central station generation which generally produces electricity at large power plants and transmits and distributes power over long distances. Distributed generation includes fuel cells, small gas turbine engines called micro-turbines, and other devices capable of producing two kilowatts to one megawatt of power.
     
DTE Energy   DTE Energy Company, the parent of Detroit Edison and Enterprises
     
Enterprises   DTE Enterprises Inc. (successor to MCN Energy) and subsidiary companies
     
EPA   United States Environmental Protection Agency
     
FERC   Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
     
GCR   A gas cost recovery mechanism authorized by the MPSC that was reinstated by MichCon in January 2002, permitting MichCon to pass the cost of natural gas to its customers.
     
ITC   International Transmission Company (a wholly owned subsidiary of DTE Energy Company)
     
kWh   Kilowatthour
     
Mcf   Thousand cubic feet
     
MCN Energy   MCN Energy Group Inc. and subsidiary companies that were merged into Enterprises
     
MichCon   Michigan Consolidated Gas Company and subsidiary companies
     
MMcf   Million cubic feet of gas
     
MPSC   Michigan Public Service Commission
     
MW   Megawatt
     
MWh   Megawatthour
     
NRC   Nuclear Regulatory Commission
     
PSCR   A power supply cost recovery mechanism authorized by the MPSC that allowed Detroit Edison to recover through rates its fuel, fuel-related and purchased power electric expenses. The clause was suspended under Michigan’s restructuring legislation signed into law June 5, 2000, which lowered and froze electric customer rates.

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Section 29 tax credits   Tax credits as authorized under Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code that are designed to stimulate investment in and development of alternate fuel sources.
     
Securitization   Detroit Edison financed specific stranded costs at lower interest rates through the sale of rate reduction bonds by a wholly owned special purpose entity, the Detroit Edison Securitization Funding LLC.
     
SFAS   Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
     
Stranded Costs   Costs incurred by utilities in order to serve customers in a regulated environment that are not expected to be recoverable if customers switch to alternative suppliers of electricity and gas.
     
Synfuels   The synthetic fuel process involves chemically modifying and binding particles of coal to produce a fuel that is used for power generation and coke production.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain information presented herein includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve certain risks and uncertainties that may cause actual future results to differ materially from those contemplated, projected, estimated or budgeted in such forward-looking statements. There are many factors that may impact forward-looking statements including, but not limited to, the following:

  the effects of weather and other natural phenomena on operations and sales to customers;
 
  economic climate and growth in the geographic areas where we do business;
 
  environmental issues, including changes in the climate, and regulations;
 
  nuclear regulations and risks associated with nuclear operations;
 
  ability to utilize Section 29 tax credits or sell interests in facilities producing such credits;
 
  implementation of electric and gas Customer Choice programs;
 
  implementation of electric and gas utility restructuring in Michigan;
 
  employee relations;
 
  unplanned outages;
 
  access to capital markets and capital market conditions and other financing efforts which can be affected by credit agency ratings;
 
  the timing and extent of changes in interest rates;
 
  the level of borrowings;
 
  changes in the cost of fuel, purchased power and natural gas;
 
  effects of competition;
 
  impact of FERC and MPSC proceedings and regulations;
 
  contributions to earnings by non-regulated businesses;
 
  changes in federal or state tax laws and their interpretations, including the code, regulations, rulings, court proceedings and audits;
 
  ability to recover costs through rate increases;
 
  property insurance;
 
  the cost of protecting assets against or damage due to terrorism; and
 
  changes in accounting standards and financial reporting regulations.

New factors emerge from time to time. We cannot predict what factors may arise or how such factors may cause our results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which such statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

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PART I

Items 1 & 2. Business & Properties

GENERAL

In 1995, DTE Energy incorporated in the state of Michigan. DTE Energy owns three regulated companies, Detroit Edison, the International Transmission Company (ITC) and MichCon, and numerous non-regulated subsidiaries engaged in energy marketing and trading, energy services, and various other electricity, coal and gas related businesses. DTE Energy is an exempt holding company under the Public Utility Holding Company Act (PUHCA) of 1935. DTE Energy and all of its subsidiary companies are exempt from the provisions of such Act, except Section 9 (a) (2) that relates to the acquisition of securities of public utility companies and Section 33 that relates to the acquisition of foreign (non-U.S.) utility companies.

Detroit Edison, incorporated in the state of Michigan in 1967, is a public utility subject to regulation by the MPSC and FERC. Detroit Edison is engaged in the generation, purchase, distribution and sale of electric energy to 2.1 million customers in a 7,600 square mile area in southeastern Michigan.

ITC, incorporated in the state of Michigan in 2000, is regulated by the FERC for rates, conditions of service and operations relating to the transmission of electricity. In January 2001, Detroit Edison transferred its transmission assets to ITC, then a wholly owned subsidiary of Detroit Edison. On May 31, 2001, Detroit Edison distributed 100% of the shares of ITC to DTE Energy. In December 2002, DTE Energy reached a definitive agreement to sell ITC. The sale closed on February 28, 2003. See Notes 4 and 21 for a further discussion of the ITC sale.

MichCon is a Michigan corporation organized in 1898. MichCon became an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of DTE Energy in conjunction with the acquisition of MCN Energy (now referred to as Enterprises), which was completed on May 31, 2001. See Note 4 for a further discussion of the MCN Energy acquisition. MichCon is a natural gas utility subject to regulation by the MPSC. MichCon is engaged in the purchase, storage, transmission and distribution of natural gas to 1.2 million customers in a 14,700 square mile area throughout Michigan.

Our website is www.dteenergy.com. Available free of charge on our website is information such as previously filed reports with the SEC, press releases and other informational resources regarding DTE Energy and our subsidiaries. The information on our website is updated as soon as reasonably practicable. The information on our website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part of this Form 10-K or any other filing we make with the SEC. Additionally, our previously filed reports and statements are also available at the SEC’s website: www.sec.gov.

References in this report to “we,” “us” and “our” are to DTE Energy and its subsidiaries, collectively.

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We operate our businesses through three strategic business units (Energy Resources, Energy Distribution and Energy Gas). The balance of our business consists of Corporate & Other. Based on this structure, we set strategic goals, allocate resources and evaluate performance. Each business unit has regulated and non-regulated operations, and contributed to DTE Energy’s 2002 diluted earnings per share of $3.83. See Note 19 — Segment and Related Information, for financial information by segment for the last three years. A discussion of each business follows.





ENERGY RESOURCES

Power Generation

Description

Power Generation comprises our regulated power generation business and plants within Detroit Edison. These plants are regulated by numerous federal and state governmental agencies, including the MPSC, NRC and the EPA. Electricity is generated from Detroit Edison’s numerous fossil plants, its hydroelectric pumped storage plant and its nuclear plant, and then sold principally throughout Michigan, the Midwest and Ontario, Canada. The electricity we produce is sold to four major classes of customers: residential, commercial, industrial and wholesale.

Weather, economic factors and electricity prices affect sales to customers. Our peak load and highest total system sales generally occur during the third quarter of the year driven by air conditioning and cooling-related demands. During 2002, sales to automotive and automotive-related customers accounted for approximately 13% of total Power Generation operating revenues. Power Generation sales are not dependent upon a limited number of customers. The loss of any one or a few customers is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on Power Generation.

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Our power is generated from a variety of fuels and is supplemented with market purchases. The table below details our energy supply mix and average cost per unit:

                                                     
        2002             2001             2000          
       
           
           
         
(in Thousands of MWh)
                                               
Power Generated and Purchased
                                               
Power Plant Generation
                                               
 
Fossil
                                               
   
Coal
    37,381       64 %     38,424       69 %     40,039       67 %
   
Natural Gas
    1,414       2       1,283       2       1,667       3  
   
Other
    222       1       4             394       1  
 
Nuclear (Fermi 2)
    9,301       16       8,555       16       8,239       14  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    48,318       83       48,266       87       50,339       85  
Purchased Power
    9,807       17       7,482       13       8,877       15  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
System Output
    58,125       100 %     55,748       100 %     59,216       100 %
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
Average Unit Cost ($/MWh)
                                               
Generation (1)
  $ 12.53             $ 12.31             $ 12.78          
 
 
           
           
         
Purchased Power (2)
  $ 39.16             $ 78.24             $ 62.57          
 
 
           
           
         
Overall Average Unit Cost
  $ 17.02             $ 21.15             $ 20.24          
 
 
           
           
         


(1)   Represents fuel costs associated with power plants.
 
(2)   Includes amounts associated with hedging activities.

We expect an adequate supply of fuel and purchased power to meet our obligation to serve customers. We have short and long-term supply contracts for expected fuel and purchased power requirements as detailed in the following table:

                         
    2003  
   
 
    Contracted     Open  
Expected Supply  
   
 
Coal
            88 %     12 %
Natural Gas
            10 %     90 %
Purchased Power
            90 %     10 %

Detroit Edison’s generating capability is heavily dependent upon coal. The coal is purchased from various sources in different geographic areas under agreements that vary in both pricing and terms. Detroit Edison expects to obtain the majority of its coal requirements through long-term and medium-term contracts with the balance to be obtained through short-term agreements and spot purchases. Detroit Edison has contracts with eight coal suppliers for a total purchase of up to 29.6 million tons of low-sulfur western coal to be delivered from 2003 through 2006. Detroit Edison also has contracts with three suppliers for the purchase of approximately 4.0 million tons of Appalachian coal to be delivered from 2003 through 2005. These existing long-term coal contracts include provisions for price escalation as well as de-escalation. Given the geographic diversity of supply, Detroit Edison believes it can meet the expected generation requirements. We have long-term transportation contracts with companies to provide rail car and vessel services for delivery of purchased coal to our generating facilities.

We purchase power from other electricity generators, suppliers and wholesalers. These purchases supplement our generation capability to meet customer demand during peak cycles. For example, when high temperatures occur during the summer we require additional electricity to meet demand. This access to additional power is an efficient and economical way to meet our obligation to customers without increasing capital expenditures to build additional base-load power facilities.

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Regulation

Detroit Edison’s Power Generation business is subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the MPSC. The MPSC issues orders pertaining to rates, recovery of certain costs, including the costs of generating facilities and regulatory assets, conditions of service, accounting and operating-related matters. Detroit Edison’s MPSC-approved rates charged to customers have historically been designed to allow for the recovery of costs, plus an authorized rate of return on our investments. The FERC regulates Detroit Edison with respect to financing authorization and wholesale electric activities. The NRC has regulatory jurisdiction over all phases of the operation, construction, licensing and decommissioning of Detroit Edison’s Fermi 2 nuclear plant.

Since 1996 there have been several important acts, orders, court rulings and legislative actions in the state of Michigan which affect our Power Generation operations. In 1996, the MPSC began an initiative designed to give all of Michigan’s electric customers added choices and the opportunity to benefit from lower electric generation costs resulting from competition. In 1998, the MPSC authorized the electric Customer Choice program that allowed for a limited number of customers to purchase electricity from suppliers other than their local utility. The local utility would continue to transport the electric supply to the customers’ facilities, thereby retaining distribution margins. The electric Customer Choice program was phased in over a three-year period, with all customers having the option to choose their electric supplier by January 2002.

In 2000, the Michigan Legislature enacted legislation that reduced electric rates by 5% and reaffirmed January 2002 as the date for full implementation of the electric Customer Choice program. This legislation also contained provisions freezing rates through 2003 and preventing rate increases for residential customers through 2005 and for small business customers through 2004. The legislation and an MPSC order issued in 2001 established a methodology to enable Detroit Edison to recover costs related to its generation operations (stranded costs) that may not otherwise be recoverable due to electric Customer Choice related lost sales and margins. The legislation also provides for the recovery of the costs associated with the implementation of electric Customer Choice. The MPSC has determined that these costs be treated as regulatory assets. Additionally, the legislation provides for recovery of costs incurred as a result of changes in taxes, laws and other governmental actions including the Clean Air Act.

Due to MPSC orders issued in 1997 and 1998, that altered the regulatory process in Michigan and provided a plan for transition to competition for the generation business of Detroit Edison, effective December 1998, Detroit Edison’s generation business no longer met the criteria of SFAS No. 71, “Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation.” Since the June 2000 legislation was enacted into law and with the issuance of subsequent clarifying MPSC orders in 2001 and 2002, rates for retail customers and transition charges for electric Customer Choice customers will be set to recover Detroit Edison’s generation costs. Such costs will be billed and recovered from both retail and choice customers and thus satisfy the criteria of SFAS No. 71. In addition, we have the legislative authority to defer regulatory costs in 2002 and 2003 and to begin recovery of such costs starting in 2004 after the mandated rate freeze expires. As a result, we resumed application of SFAS No. 71 for our generation business in the fourth quarter of 2002.

In November 2002, the MPSC requested Michigan gas and electric utilities to justify why their retail rates should not be lowered due to potential personal property tax reductions. We have responded and await further MPSC action.

For additional information regarding our regulatory environment, see Note 6 — Regulatory Matters.

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Properties

Detroit Edison owns generating properties and facilities that are all located in the state of Michigan. Substantially all the net utility properties of Detroit Edison are subject to the lien of its mortgage. Power Generation plants owned and in service as of December 31, 2002 are as follows:

                                   
              Summer Net          
      Location by     Rated Capability (1) (2)          
      Michigan    
         
Plant Name   County     (MW)     (%)     Year in Service  

 
   
   
   
 
Fossil-fueled Steam-Electric
                               
 
Belle River (3)
  St. Clair     1,026       9.3 %   1984 and 1985
 
Conners Creek
  Wayne     200       1.8     1999  
 
Greenwood
  St. Clair     785       7.1     1979  
 
Harbor Beach
  Huron     103       0.9     1968  
 
Marysville
  St. Clair     167       1.5     1930, 1943 and 1947
 
Monroe (4)
  Monroe     3,000       27.1     1971, 1973 and 1974
 
River Rouge
  Wayne     510       4.6     1957 and 1958
 
St. Clair
  St. Clair     1,409       12.7     1953, 1954, 1959, 1961 and 1969
 
Trenton Channel
  Wayne     730       6.6     1949, 1968 and 1999
 
         
   
         
 
            7,930       71.6          
Oil or Gas-fueled Peaking Units
  Various     1,102       10.0     1966-1971, 1981 and 1999
Nuclear-fueled Steam-Electric Fermi 2 (5)
  Monroe     1,111       10.1     1988  
Hydroelectric Pumped Storage Ludington (6)
  Mason     917       8.3     1973  
 
         
   
         
 
            11,060       100.0 %        
 
         
   
         


(1)   Summer net rated capabilities of generating units in service are based on periodic load tests and are changed depending on operating experience, the physical condition of units, environmental control limitations and customer requirements for steam, which otherwise would be used for electric generation.
 
(2)   Excludes one oil-fueled unit, St. Clair Unit No. 5 (250 MW), in cold standby status.
 
(3)   The Belle River capability represents Detroit Edison’s entitlement to 81.39% of the capacity and energy of the plant. See Note 8 — Jointly Owned Utility Plant.
 
(4)   The Monroe Power Plant provided 33% of Detroit Edison’s total 2002 power plant generation.
 
(5)   Fermi 2 has a design electrical rating (net) of 1,150 MW.
 
(6)   Represents Detroit Edison’s 49% interest in Ludington with a total capability of 1,872 MW. Detroit Edison leased 306 MW of Ludington to First Energy for the six-year period June 1, 1996 through May 31, 2002.

Strategy and Competition

Our strategy for Power Generation is to build upon Detroit Edison’s solid reputation. We will continue to strive to be the preferred electricity supplier in southeast Michigan. We believe that we can accomplish our goal by working with our customers and communities to be a reliable supplier of electricity. To control expenses, we plan to optimize our fuel blends and make investments in our generating plants that will reduce unplanned plant outages and improve operating efficiencies, thereby increasing generation output without proportional additional fuel requirements. Revenues from year to year will vary due to weather conditions, economic factors, regulatory events and other risk factors as discussed in the “Risk Factors” section that follows.

Alternative suppliers of generation services in the retail and wholesale markets create competition in the electric generating business. Effective January 1, 2002, the electric Customer Choice program expanded in Michigan whereby all electric customers can choose to purchase their electricity from alternative suppliers. Approximately 6% of Detroit Edison’s retail generation sales were lost in 2002 as a result of

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customers participating in the electric Customer Choice program. We expect to lose between 10% to 13% of retail sales in 2003 as a result of customers choosing to participate in the program.

Energy Services

Description

Non-regulated Energy Services has three business lines: Coal-Based Fuels, On-Site Energy Projects and Merchant Generation.

Coal-Based Fuels

Coal-Based Fuels operations include producing synthetic fuel from nine synfuel plants and producing coke from three coke battery plants. Both processes generate tax credits under Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code. Section 29 is designed to stimulate investment in and development of alternate fuel sources. Synfuel-related Section 29 tax credits expire in 2007. Section 29 tax credits for two of our three coke batteries expired at the end of 2002 with the third expiring in 2007.

The synthetic fuel process involves chemically modifying and binding particles of coal to produce a fuel that is used for power generation and coke production. The modification involves a three-step process that produces a solid synthetic fuel product that has characteristics similar to those of high-quality mined coal. The potential benefits of this process can include increased use of lower quality coal, improved coking qualities of the coal, reduced dust and air emissions, and improved material handling. During 2002, we sold a 95% interest in two of our synfuel projects.

The coke battery facilities produce coke that is used in blast furnaces within the steel industry. DTE Energy is one of the largest producers in the U.S. of coke for the steel industry. During 2001, we sold a 49% interest in two of our coke battery projects, and in 2002, consistent with the original purchase and sale agreement, our third coke battery project interest was reduced from 95% to 5%.

                             
    2002     2001     2000  
(Dollars in Millions)  
   
   
 
Coal-Based Fuels Statistics
                       
 
Synfuel Plants:
                       
   
Operational
    9       5       2  
 
 
   
   
 
   
Tax Credits Generated (1)
  $ 180.2       64.1       11.7  
 
 
   
   
 
 
Coke Battery Plants:
                       
   
Operational
    3       3       3  
 
 
   
   
 
   
Tax Credits Generated (1)
  $ 57.4       88.6       106.5  
 
 
   
   
 


(1)   DTE Energy’s portion of total tax credits generated

On-Site Energy Projects

Energy Services owns and operates on-site facilities, including pulverized coal injection, power generation, steam production, chilled water, wastewater treatment and compressed air. Many of these facilities deliver utility services to industrial, commercial and institutional customers.

Merchant Generation

Energy Services develops and operates peaking and gas-fired electric generating plants. We have four electric generating plants in operation, all located in the Great Lakes region. We have contracts for approximately 39% of the 2003 output of these plants.

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Properties

Coal-Based Fuels owns interest in and operates nine synfuel plants at eight production sites. Additionally, we have interests in three coke battery facilities in the United States, two of which we operate.

Coal Based Fuels

                           
Facility   Location   % Owned     Industry Served  

 
 
   
 
Synthetic Fuels
                       
 
DTE Red Mountain, LLC
  Tarrant, AL     100 %   Foundry Coke/Steel
 
DTE Belews Creek, LLC
  Belews Creek, NC     100 %   Utility
 
DTE Utah, LLC
  Price, UT     100 %   Industrial/Utility
 
DTE Indy Coke, LLC
  Indianapolis, IN     100 %   Foundry Coke/Steel
 
DTE Clover, LLC
  Bledsoe, KY     5 %   Utility
 
DTE Smith Branch, LLC
  Pineville, WV     5 %   Steel/Export
 
DTE River Hill, LLC
  Karthaus, PA     100 %   Utility
 
DTE Buckeye, LLC (2 plants)
  Cheshire, OH     100 %   Utility
Coke Battery
                       
 
EES Coke Battery Co.
  River Rouge, MI     51 %   Steel
 
Indiana Harbor
  East Chicago, IN     5 %   Steel
 
Burns Harbor
  Burns Harbor, IN     51 %   Steel

On-Site Energy Projects owns and/or operates energy facilities throughout the United States. The significant properties are varied in both use and function and are listed below:

     On-Site Energy Projects

         
Facility   Location   Type

 
 
PCI Enterprises   River Rouge, MI   Pulverized Coal
DTE Sparrows Point   Sparrows Point, MD   Pulverized Coal
DTE Northwind   Detroit, MI   Steam & Chilled Water
DTE Moraine   Moraine, OH   Compressed Air
DTE Tonawanda   Tonawanda, NY   Chilled & Waste Water
Metro Energy   Romulus, MI   Electricity, Hot and Chilled Water

The Merchant Generation fleet consists of four natural gas-fired electric generating plants that are all located in the Great Lakes region.

     Merchant Generation

                         
Facility   Location   % Owned     Capacity (in MW)  

 
 
   
 
Georgetown
  Indianapolis, IN     100 %     240  
River Rouge
  Detroit, MI     100 %     240  
Crete
  Crete, IL     50 %     320  
East China
  East China Twp, MI     100 %     320  

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Strategy and Competition

Our strategy for Energy Services is to continue leveraging our extensive energy-related operating experience and project management capability to develop and grow the on-site energy and merchant generating businesses. We continue to evaluate opportunities to sell interests in some or all of our synfuel plants.

We anticipate building around our core strengths in the markets where we operate. In determining which markets to compete in, we examine closely the regulatory environment, the number of competitors and our ability to achieve sustainable margins. We plan to maximize the effectiveness of our inter-related businesses as we expand from our current regional focus. As we pursue growth opportunities, our first priority will be to achieve value-added returns, and then trend towards increased operational scale.

We plan to focus on the following areas for growth:

  Acquisition of assets in the distressed energy market;
 
  Expansion of on-site energy projects;
 
  Select development of coal-fired generation; and
 
  Development of new tax advantaged opportunities.

Energy Marketing & Trading

Description

Energy Marketing & Trading consists of the wholesale electric and gas marketing and trading operations of DTE Energy Trading Company and CoEnergy Trading Company. We acquired CoEnergy Trading as part of the MCN Energy acquisition in May 2001. Energy Marketing & Trading focuses on physical power marketing and structured transactions for large customers, as well as the enhancement of returns from DTE Energy’s power plants, pipeline and storage assets. In pursuing these goals, Energy Marketing & Trading may enter into forwards, futures, swaps and option contracts.

Regulation

There have been numerous events that impacted the energy trading business. These events led to increased oversight and scrutiny of the trading business by state and federal regulatory agencies.

Strategy and Competition

Our strategy for Energy Marketing & Trading is to execute on our vision of the role energy trading plays in delivering value-added services to our customers. Over the past year many of the major market players have either ceased as going concerns or are no longer engaged in the energy trading business. We seek to gradually expand this business in a manner consistent with and complementary to the growth of our other business segments. We plan to focus on physical marketing and the optimization of our portfolio of energy assets. We have risk management and credit policies to monitor and minimize risk.

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Coal Services

Description

Coal Services specializes in minimizing energy production costs and maximizing reliability of supply for energy-intensive customers. We provide fuel, transportation and equipment management services tailored to the individual requirements of each customer. Our customers include electric utilities, merchant producers, integrated steel mills and large industrial producers with high energy requirements. We also operate a number of railcar maintenance and repair facilities serving coal transporters, as well as all other industries and rail car types.

                         
Coal Services   2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
Tons of Coal Shipped (in Millions)
    28.5       23.5       14.5  

Properties

We lease approximately 2,800 rail cars. We own fixed and mobile railcar maintenance and repair facilities in Nebraska and Indiana.

Strategy and Competition

We plan to leverage our position as one of the top North American coal marketers and our reputation as an efficient manager of transportation assets. Certain trends are taking place within our industry that could have an impact on how we compete in the future. Industry consolidation in the mining business is resulting in fewer but larger mines. Consolidation in the railroad industry is reducing the number of rail companies we can contract with to transport coal for our customers. We plan to work with suppliers and the railroads to promote secure and competitive access to the energy requirements for our customers. We are also exploring a technology that removes clay and dirt from waste coal. If the technology is commercially practical, it could contribute significantly to earnings and provide environmental benefits.

Biomass

Description

Biomass develops, owns and operates landfill gas recovery systems in the U.S. Landfill gas, a byproduct of solid waste decomposition, is composed of approximately equal portions of methane and carbon dioxide. Converting the methane into a renewable energy resource conserves fossil fuels. Biomass operations generate Section 29 tax credits that expire in 2007.

Biomass helps limit potential greenhouse gas emissions by developing and implementing landfill gas recovery systems that capture the gas and use it productively. Such a recovery system eliminates detrimental air emissions by preventing methane from migrating off-site and becoming a safety hazard or odor problem. Landfill gas recovery systems also provide local utilities, industry and consumers with an opportunity to use a competitive, renewable source of energy. Applications for this form of energy include steam and electricity generation, fueling of asphalt plants and kilns for brick manufacturing.

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(Dollars in Millions)   2002     2001     2000  
Biomass  
   
   
 
Landfill Sites
    30       28       27  
Gas Produced (in Bcf)
    27.5       24.2       24.4  
Tax Credits Generated (1)
  $ 12.9     $ 11.9     $ 11.4  


(1)   DTE Energy’s portion of total tax credits generated

Properties

Biomass has 30 operating sites and other projects are under development. These sites are located throughout the continental U.S.

Strategy and Competition

Biomass’ strategy capitalizes upon our industry experience of over 20 years. We are evaluating business growth through both development and acquisitions. We compete primarily with fossil fuels like natural gas, but we believe the environmental benefits of biomass along with reasonable and economic access to these landfill sites provide a platform for future growth.

ENERGY DISTRIBUTION

Power Distribution & Transmission

Description

The electric distribution services and the steam heating business of Detroit Edison and the electric transmission services of ITC comprise our regulated Power Distribution & Transmission business. This business transmits and distributes electricity generated by Energy Resources’ Power Generation business and alternative electric suppliers to Detroit Edison’s 2.1 million customers in southeastern Michigan. The transmission assets of ITC are operated by the Midwest Independent System Operator, a regional transmission operator responsible for evaluating and coordinating requests for transmission service on a non-discriminatory basis. In the fourth quarter of 2002, we entered into an agreement with Kohlberg, Kravis, Roberts and Company and Trimaran Capital Partners, L.L.C. to sell ITC for $610 million. The sale closed on February 28, 2003. In January 2003, we sold the steam heating business to Thermal Ventures II, LP.

Weather and economic factors affect our sales and revenues. Similar to the Power Generation business, our peak load and highest total system sales generally occur during the third quarter of the year driven by air conditioning and cooling-related demands. Power Distribution & Transmission’s sales are not dependent upon a limited number of customers. Additionally, customers participating in the electric Customer Choice program will not impact Power Distribution & Transmission’s operating revenues or the number of customers served. The loss of any one or a few customers is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on Power Distribution & Transmission.

                           
    2002     2001     2000  
(in MWh)  
   
   
 
Electric Deliveries
                       
 
Residential
    15,958       14,503       13,903  
 
Commercial
    18,395       18,777       19,762  
 
Industrial
    13,590       14,430       16,090  
 
Wholesale
    2,249       2,159       2,277  
 
 
   
   
 
 
    50,192       49,869       52,032  
 
Customer Choice
    3,510       1,268       202  
 
 
   
   
 
 
    53,702       51,137       52,234  
 
 
   
   
 

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Regulation

Detroit Edison’s Power Distribution is subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the MPSC. ITC’s transmission business is subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the FERC. The MPSC and FERC have regulatory jurisdiction over rates, conditions of service and other operating-related matters. As previously discussed, Michigan legislation prevents Detroit Edison from increasing rates to residential customers through 2005, for small business customers through 2004, and remaining customers through 2003. We expect the rates charged by ITC to remain at current levels through December 2004.

For additional information regarding our regulatory environment, see Note 6 — Regulatory Matters.

Properties

Detroit Edison owns and operates 662 distribution substations with a capacity of 30,843,000 kilovolt- amperes (kV) and 406,176 line transformers with a capacity of 24,493,806 kV amperes. Substantially all of the net utility properties of Detroit Edison are subject to the lien of its mortgage. Circuit miles of distribution lines owned and in service as of December 31, 2002 are as follows:

                 
Electric Distribution   Circuit Miles  
   
 
Operating Voltage — kV   Overhead     Underground  

 
   
 
4.8 kV to 13.2 kV
    27,429       11,510  
24 kV
    102       696  
40 kV
    2,350       328  
120 kV
    77       13  
 
 
   
 
 
    29,958       12,547  
 
 
   
 

ITC owns and operates 40 transmission stations with a capacity of 20,250,000 kV amperes. Circuit miles of transmission lines owned and in service as of December 31, 2002 are as follows:

                 
Electric Transmission   Circuit Miles  
   
 
Operating Voltage — kV   Overhead     Underground  

 
   
 
120 kV
    1,491       118  
230 kV
    86        
345 kV
    963       7  
 
 
   
 
 
    2,540       125  
 
 
   
 

Detroit Edison and Consumers Energy Company interchange energy through nine interconnections currently owned and operated by ITC and Michigan Electric Transmission Company (METC). Detroit Edison and Consumers Energy Company also have interchange agreements that permit the exchange of electric energy through 12 ITC and METC owned interconnections with First Energy, Indiana Michigan Power Company, Northern Indiana Public Service Company and Ontario Hydro Services Company. In addition, Detroit Edison has interchange agreements for the exchange of electric energy with Michigan South Central Power Agency and the City of Wyandotte.

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Strategy and Competition

Our strategy is to build upon Detroit Edison’s solid reputation of being a reliable distributor of electricity. We plan to focus on improving the quality of customer service and lowering operating costs by improving operating efficiencies as well as targeting capital investments in areas that have the greatest impact on reliability improvements with the goal of managing distribution rates charged to utility customers.

The decision to sell ITC is consistent with our strategic view that maximization of shareholder value and high levels of customer service are best achieved with assets we own, operate and exercise significant control. The sale was completed on February 28, 2003 and ITC will continue to provide transmission services to the Energy Distribution business. As Detroit Edison’s rates were designed to recover transmission costs, billings to Detroit Edison from ITC will be recovered from Detroit Edison’s utility customers. Rates charged by ITC to Detroit Edison are expected to remain at current levels through December 2004. Thereafter, rates would be subject to normal FERC regulation and market forces.

Competition in the regulated electrical distribution business is provided primarily by on-site generation by industrial customers and distributed generation applications by industrial and commercial customers. We do not expect significant competition for distribution to any group of customers.

Distributed Generation

Description

Distributed Generation, primarily consisting of DTE Energy Technologies (Dtech), invests in emerging technologies that complement our existing businesses. We currently have businesses that develop, market and distribute a broad portfolio of distributed generation products, provide application engineering, and monitor and manage system operations. Distributed generation units seek to generate safe, clean, reliable power at or near the point of use, rather than at large central power stations, which can provide very high efficiencies due to effective use of waste heat. Distributed generation products use a range of technologies, including internal combustion engines, external combustion engines, mini-turbines and fuel cells.

Distribution Generation has steadily increased the number of completed projects each year. The table below details the number of projects completed in the past three years.

                                 
            2002       2001       2000          
           
     
     
         
Distributed Generation Projects Completed
    876       319       85  

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Strategy and Competition

Our goal is to become a significant player in the distributed generation market, providing one-stop shopping that meets customers’ total energy needs. Key milestones toward this success include full commercialization of our internal combustion engine-driven products as well as our monitoring and system management operations. Additionally, we are completing the development of our first turbine-powered product. Our North American sales structure is in place and we are continuing to expand our support capabilities (both direct and with partners). Important objectives beyond North America will be the continued development of marketing relationships in Europe, Korea and Japan.

Competition in the distributed generation business currently is provided by other distributors of stand-by generators. We compete on the basis of cost and seek to better meet customer needs with our enhanced offerings including turn-key installations, project management, after sale service and system management operation. We anticipate increased future competition, including the entry of new competitors, for continuous duty products and services. To compete effectively, we develop proprietary products and services that are sold through our existing distribution channels in North America and exclusive arrangements in international markets.

ENERGY GAS

Gas Distribution

Description

Gas Distribution operations primarily consist of MichCon, our regulated gas utility. Gas Distribution provides gas sales and transportation delivery services to 1.2 million residential, commercial and industrial customers located throughout Michigan. The following table details sales and deliveries to these customers.

                   
    2002     2001(1)  
(in Millions)  
   
 
Gas Revenues
               
 
Gas Sales
  $ 1,104     $ 491  
 
End-user Transportation
    122       50  
 
Intermediate Transportation
    49       26  
 
Other
    94       48  
 
 
 
   
 
 
  $ 1,369     $ 615  
 
 
 
   
 
(in Bcf)
               
Gas Deliveries
               
 
Gas Sales
    170       95  
 
End-user Transportation
    170       81  
 
Intermediate Transportation
    492       304  
 
 
   
 
 
    832       480  
 
 
   
 


(1)   Includes the operations of MichCon from the May 31, 2001 acquisition date.

Gas Distribution makes gas sales primarily to residential and small-volume commercial and industrial customers. It provides end user transportation to large-volume commercial and industrial customers and gas Customer Choice customers who purchase natural gas directly from other suppliers and utilizes MichCon’s pipeline network to transport the gas to the customer’s facilities. Gas Distribution provides intermediate transportation to producers, brokers and other gas companies that own the natural gas transported, but are not the ultimate consumers. MichCon’s revenues and net income are impacted by weather and are concentrated in the first and fourth quarters of the year due to heating-related demand. MichCon’s operations are not dependent upon a limited number of customers, and the loss of any one or a few customers is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on MichCon.

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We obtain our natural gas supply from various sources in different geographic areas under agreements that vary in both pricing and terms.

           
      2003  
     
 
Gas Distribution
       
Contracted Supply
       
 
Fixed Price Purchases
    62 %
 
Market Price Purchases
    38 %
 
 
 
 
    100 %
 
 
 

Supply under contract represents approximately 89% of the expected 157 Bcf of supply requirements in 2003. We expect to meet the balance of gas supply requirements through open market purchases. As a result of varying demand primarily due to weather, MichCon may use existing gas in inventory to meet unanticipated customer obligations. Given the geographic diversity of supply, coupled with its 124 Bcf of storage capacity, MichCon believes it can meet the supply requirements for customers. MichCon has long-term firm transportation agreements expiring on various dates through 2011 for delivery of purchased natural gas to our distribution system.

Regulation

MichCon is subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the MPSC, which issues orders pertaining to rates, recovery of certain costs, including the costs of regulatory assets, conditions of service, accounting and operating-related matters. MichCon is subject to the requirements of other regulatory agencies with respect to safety, the environment and health.

In the late 1990s, the MPSC began an initiative designed to give all of Michigan’s natural gas customers added choices and the opportunity to benefit from lower gas costs resulting from competition. In 1999, the MPSC approved a comprehensive experimental three-year gas Customer Choice program that allowed an increasing number of customers to purchase natural gas from suppliers other than their local utility. The local utility would continue to transport the natural gas supply to the customers’ facilities, thereby retaining distribution margins. In December 2001, the MPSC issued an order that continues the gas Customer Choice program on a permanent and expanding basis beginning with the conclusion of the three-year temporary program on March 31, 2002. Under the expanded program, beginning April 1, 2002, up to approximately 40% of customers could elect to purchase gas from suppliers other than MichCon. Beginning in April 2003, up to approximately 60% of customers could participate, and beginning April 2004, all 1.2 million of MichCon’s gas customers could choose to participate. MichCon will continue to transport and deliver the gas to the participating customers’ premises at prices that generate favorable margins.

Under the December 2001 MPSC order, MichCon returned to a gas cost recovery (GCR) mechanism in January 2002 upon termination of its temporary Gas Sales Program. The GCR permits MichCon to pass the cost of natural gas to its customers. Under the Gas Sales Program, the MPSC suspended the GCR mechanism and MichCon’s sales rates included a gas commodity component that was fixed at $2.95 per thousand cubic feet (Mcf). Under this program, MichCon incurred commodity price risk associated with its ability to secure gas supplies at prices less than $2.95 per Mcf. Beginning in January 2002, MichCon’s gas sales rates include a gas commodity component designed to recover its actual gas costs.

For additional information regarding our regulatory environment, see Note 6 — Regulatory Matters.

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Properties

MichCon owns distribution, transmission and storage properties and facilities that are all located in the state of Michigan. At December 31, 2002, MichCon’s distribution system included 17,774 miles of distribution mains, 1,136,863 service lines and 1,241,516 active meters. MichCon owns 2,581 miles of transmission lines that deliver natural gas to the distribution districts and interconnect its storage fields with the sources of supply and the market areas. MichCon owns properties relating to four underground natural gas storage fields with an aggregate working gas storage capacity of approximately 124 Bcf. Substantially all of the net utility properties of MichCon are subject to the lien of its mortgage.

Strategy and competition

The strategy of the Gas Distribution business is to expand our role as the preferred provider of natural gas and high-value energy services within Michigan. We expect modest growth and to control costs in order to provide customers high-quality service at competitive prices.

Competition in the gas business primarily involves alternate fuels and energy sources. Natural gas continues to be the preferred space and water-heating fuel. Developers select natural gas in new construction because of the convenience, cleanliness and relative price advantage compared to propane, fuel oil and other alternative fuels.

Exploration & Production

Description

The Exploration & Production (E&P) business owns one of the industry’s largest Antrim gas reserve bases. Our emphasis is on developing and producing the 400 Bcf of proved reserves we owned as of December 31, 2002 predominantly located in northern Michigan. We drilled 90 wells (78 net of interest of others) in 2002. Wells drilled in the Antrim shale formations have high success rates and low drilling costs, and are therefore considered low risk.

Properties

The Michigan properties had 24.2 Bcf equivalents of production in 2002. E&P does not anticipate adding a significant amount of new reserves to its 400 Bcf of proven reserves at December 31, 2002.

Strategy

The E&P business is aggressively managing its Michigan oil and gas producing assets to optimize returns on investment. We have operator responsibilities for our Michigan properties with the goal of lowering the costs of producing reserves. E&P has rights to 86,050 acres (69,977 net of interest of others) of undeveloped leases. During 2003, E&P plans to continue developing this acreage and anticipates selling nearly all of its gas production to DTE Energy’s Energy Marketing & Trading segment. In addition, in order to leverage our E&P capabilities and the skills and experience of other non-regulated businesses, we are exploring opportunities in the coal bed methane gas production business.

Pipelines & Processing

Description

The Pipelines & Processing business has partnership interests in two interstate transmission pipelines, Portland Natural Gas Transmission System (Portland) and Vector Pipeline (Vector), seven carbon dioxide processing facilities and a 9.7 Bcf natural gas storage field. Additionally, we have contract rights to a 42.5 Bcf natural gas storage field. The assets of the Pipelines & Processing business are primarily supported by the Energy Marketing & Trading segment.

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Properties

                           
Pipelines & Processing
Property Classification
  % Owned     Description   Location

 
   
 
Pipelines
                       
 
Portland Pipeline
    16 %   295-mile pipeline with 216   Northeast U.S.
 
          MMcf per day capacity        
 
Vector Pipeline
    25 %   348-mile pipeline with   Midwest
 
          1,000 MMcf per day capacity        
Processing Plants
    90 %   202 MMcf per day capacity   Northern Michigan
Storage
                       
 
Washington 28
    50 %   9.7 Bcf of storage capacity   Washington Twp, MI
 
Washington 10
    %   42.5 Bcf of storage capacity   Washington Twp, MI

Strategy and Competition

Pipelines & Processing focuses on opportunities in the Midwest-to-Northeast region that supply natural gas to meet growing demand. We expect much of the growth in the demand for natural gas in the United States to occur within the Mid-Atlantic and New England regions. These regions currently lack the pipeline capacity and low-cost storage necessary to deliver gas volumes to meet growing demand. Portland and Vector are interstate pipeline projects that are intended to fill a large portion of that need, and are complemented by Energy Gas’ significant storage capacity. Pipelines & Processing has interests in seven processing plants that extract carbon dioxide from Antrim gas production making it suitable for transportation to nearby markets. Additionally, we have contract rights in natural gas storage fields, capable of storing up to 52.2 Bcf. We plan to continue identifying asset opportunities related to natural gas, storage and transmission and working with other DTE Energy affiliates to secure the market required to support asset investment.

CORPORATE & OTHER

Description

Corporate & Other includes administrative and general expenses, and interest costs that have not been allocated to regulated and non-regulated businesses. Corporate & Other also includes various other non-regulated investments, including assets held for sale and in emerging energy technologies.

Strategy and Competition

Our energy technology strategy is to invest in a profitable portfolio of energy technology companies that facilitate the creation of new businesses, and expand growth opportunities for existing DTE Energy businesses. We seek to gain early experience in emerging energy sectors where energy trends and technologies may create potentially profitable opportunities. The investment portfolio consists of direct investments in energy technology companies and venture funds. Our largest investment is in Plug Power Inc., a company that designs and develops on-site electric fuel cell power generation systems. In 2002, we invested $9 million in five emerging energy companies and $2 million in three energy technology venture funds.

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ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

We are subject to extensive environmental regulation. Additional costs may result as the effects of various chemicals on the environment are studied and governmental regulations are developed and implemented. We expect to continue recovering environmental costs related to utility operations through rates charged to our customers. Greater details on environmental issues are provided in the following Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements:

     
Note   Title

 
6   Regulatory Matters
7   Nuclear Operations
16   Commitments and Contingencies

Detroit Edison

Detroit Edison is subject to applicable permit requirements, and to potentially increasing stringent federal, state and local standards covering among other things, particulate and gaseous stack emission limitations, the discharge of waste into lakes and streams and the handling and disposal of waste material.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued ozone transport regulations and air quality standards relating to ozone and particulate air pollution. The new rules have led to additional controls on fossil-fueled power plants to reduce nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and particulate emissions. To comply with these new controls, Detroit Edison has spent approximately $460 million through December 2002 and estimates that it will incur an additional $300 to $400 million of future capital expenditures over the next five to eight years to satisfy these new control requirements. The EPA initiated enforcement actions against several major electric utilities citing violations of new source provisions of the Clean Air Act. Detroit Edison received and responded to information requests from the EPA on this subject. We cannot predict the future impact of this issue upon Detroit Edison.

Detroit Edison is required to demonstrate that the cooling water intake structures at all of its facilities minimize adverse environmental impact. Detroit Edison filed such demonstrations and in the event of a final adverse decision, may be required to install additional control technologies to further minimize the impact.

Various state and federal laws regulate Detroit Edison’s handling, storage and disposal of its waste materials. The EPA and the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) have aggressive programs to manage the clean up of contaminated property. Detroit Edison has extensive land holdings and, from time to time, must investigate claims of improperly disposed contaminants. Detroit Edison anticipates it will be periodically included in these types of environmental proceedings.

MichCon and Citizens

Prior to the construction of major natural gas pipelines, gas for heating and other uses was manufactured from processes involving coal, coke or oil. Enterprises (MichCon and Citizens, a wholly owned utility located in Adrian, Michigan) owns, or previously owned, 17 such former manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites. Investigations have revealed contamination related to the by-products of gas manufacturing at each site. Enterprises is remediating eight of the former MGP sites and is conducting more extensive investigations at three of the sites. Enterprises has received MDEQ closure of one site and a determination that it is not a responsible party for two other sites. While we cannot make any assurances, we believe that a cost deferral and rate recovery mechanism approved by the MPSC will prevent these costs from having a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

Other

Our non-regulated affiliates are subject to a number of environmental laws and regulations dealing with the protection of the environment from various pollutants. We believe these non-regulated affiliates are in substantial compliance with all environmental requirements.

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RISK FACTORS

There are various risks associated with the operations of DTE Energy’s regulated and non-regulated businesses. To provide a framework to understand the operating environment of DTE Energy, we are providing a brief explanation of the more significant risks associated with our businesses. Although we have tried to identify and discuss key risk factors, others could emerge in the future. Each of the following risks could affect our performance.

Weather — Weather significantly affects our operations. Deviations from normal hot and cold weather conditions affect our earnings and cash flow. Mild temperatures can result in decreased utilization of our assets, lowering income and cash flow. Damage due to ice storms, tornadoes, or high winds can damage our infrastructure and require us to perform emergency repairs and incur material unplanned expenses.

Regional and national economic conditions — Our businesses follow the economic cycles of the customers we serve. Should national or regional economic conditions decline, reduced volumes of electricity and gas we supply will result in decreased earnings and cash flow.

Environmental laws and liability — We are subject to numerous environmental regulations. These regulations govern air emissions, water quality, wastewater discharge, solid waste, and hazardous waste. Compliance with these regulations can significantly increase capital spending, operating expenses and plant down times. These laws and regulations require us to seek a variety of environmental licenses, permits, inspections, and other regulatory approvals. We may also incur liabilities because of our emission of gases that may cause changes in the climate, including issues related to global warming. The regulatory environment is subject to significant change, and therefore we cannot predict future issues.

Additionally, we may become a responsible party for environmental clean up at sites identified by a regulatory body. We cannot predict with certainty the amount and timing of future expenditures related to environmental matters because of the difficulty of estimating clean up costs. There is also uncertainty in quantifying liabilities under environmental laws that impose joint and several liability on all potentially responsible parties.

Operation of nuclear facilities — Ownership of an operating nuclear generating plant subjects Detroit Edison to significant additional risks. These risks among others, include plant security, environmental regulation and remediation, and operational factors than can significantly impact the performance and cost of operating a nuclear facility.

Section 29 tax credits — We have generated Section 29 tax credits from our synfuel, coke battery and biomass operations. Generating Section 29 tax credits is important to minimizing our income tax expense. We have received favorable private letter rulings on 7 of our 9 synfuel plants and expect the remaining two in 2003. The generation of tax credits is subject to review by the Internal Revenue Service. If we failed to prevail through the administrative and legal process, there could be additional tax liabilities owed for previously taken Section 29 tax credits which could impact our earnings and cash flows. The value of future credits generated may be affected by new tax legislation. The combination of overall industry audits of Section 29 credits, supply and demand for tax credits and new tax legislation could hinder our plan to sell interests in tax credit properties which could have an impact on our earnings and cash flows.

Rate regulation — We operate in a regulated industry. Our rates are set by the MPSC and cannot be increased without their authorization. We may be impacted by new regulations or interpretations by the MPSC, FERC or other regulatory bodies. New legislation, regulations or interpretations could change how our business operates, impact our ability to recover costs through rate increases or may require us to incur additional expenses.

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Competition — Deregulation and restructuring in the electric and gas industry, including customer choice programs could result in increased competition and unrecovered costs that could affect the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of our regulated businesses.

Supply and price of raw materials — We are dependent on coal for much of our electrical generating capacity. Price fluctuation and supply disruptions could have a negative impact on our ability to profitably generate electricity. Our access to natural gas supplies is critical to ensure reliability of service for our regulated gas customers. We have hedging policies in place to mitigate negative fluctuations in commodity supply prices.

Labor relations — Unions represent a majority of our employees. A union choosing to strike as a negotiating tactic could have an impact on our business.

Unplanned outages — Unforeseen maintenance may be required to safely produce electricity or comply with environmental regulations. This occurrence could result in spot market purchases of electricity in excess of our costs of generation.

Access to capital markets and interest rates — Our ability to access capital markets is important to operate our businesses. Heightened concerns about the energy industry, the level of borrowing by other energy companies and the market as a whole could limit our access to capital markets. Changes in interest rates could increase our borrowing costs.

Upstream cash flows from subsidiaries — Cash flows from subsidiaries are required to pay interest expenses and dividends on DTE Energy debt and securities. Should a major subsidiary not be able to pay dividends or transfer cash flows to DTE Energy, our ability to pay dividends and interest would be restricted.

Property tax reform — We are one of the largest payers of property taxes in the state of Michigan. Should the legislature change how schools are financed, we could face increased property taxes on our Michigan facilities.

Credit ratings — Increased scrutiny of the energy industry and regulatory changes could result in credit agencies reexamining our credit rating. A change in our rating could restrict our ability to access capital markets at attractive rates and increase our borrowing costs.

Property insurance — While we seek to adequately insure our property, catastrophic damage as a result of acts of God, terrorism, war or a combination of significant unforeseen items occurring at one time could impact our operations and economic losses might not be covered in full by insurance.

Terrorism — Damage to downstream infrastructure or our own assets by terrorist groups would impact our operations. At Fermi 2, we have already increased security as a result of an NRC order and further security increases are expected. Additionally, we may assist other energy companies if terrorists were to strike their energy facilities.

Energy trading markets — Recent events in the energy trading industry have increased the level of scrutiny on the energy trading business and the energy industry as a whole. A decline in the confidence in the energy trading market along with stricter credit requirements has led to a decrease in the number of trading entities resulting in decreased liquidity in the energy trading market.

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EMPLOYEES

The table below shows our employees as of December 31, 2002:

                         
    Represented     Non-represented     Total  
   
   
   
 
Detroit Edison
    4,346       3,873       8,219  
MichCon
    1,508       738       2,246  
Other
    22       608       630  
 
 
   
   
   
Total
    5,876       5,219       11,095  
 
 
   
   
 

There are several bargaining units for our represented employees. Of the 5,876 represented employees, 4,919 are under contracts that expire in June or October 2004. The contracts of the remaining represented employees expire in 2005.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF DTE ENERGY

                 
                Present
                Position
Name   Age (1)     Present Position   Held Since

 
   
 
Anthony F. Earley, Jr.     53     Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive
    Officer, President, Chief Operating Officer
  8-1-98
Gerard M. Anderson     44     Group President, Energy Resources   5-31-01
Robert J. Buckler     53     Group President, Energy Distribution   5-31-01
Stephen E. Ewing     58     Group President, Energy Gas   5-31-01
David E. Meador     45     Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer   5-31-01
Bruce D. Peterson     46     Senior Vice President and General Counsel   6-25-02
S. Martin Taylor     62     Senior Vice President   4-28-99
Susan M. Beale     54     Vice President and Corporate Secretary   12-11-95
Daniel G. Brudzynski     42     Vice President and Controller   2-8-01


(1)   As of December 31, 2002

Under our By-Laws, the officers of DTE Energy are elected annually by the Board of Directors at a meeting held for such purpose, each to serve until the next annual meeting of directors or until their respective successors are chosen and qualified. With the exception of Messrs. Peterson and Ewing, all of the above officers have been employed by DTE Energy in one or more management capacities during the past five years.

Stephen E. Ewing was elected group president for DTE Energy Gas on May 31, 2001. He joined DTE Energy having previously served as president and chief operating officer of MCN Energy and president and chief executive officer of MichCon during the previous five years.

Bruce D. Peterson was elected Senior Vice President and General Counsel on June 25, 2002. Mr. Peterson was a partner with Hunton & Williams in Washington, D.C. prior to joining DTE Energy. He joined Hunton & Williams in 1982 and later rejoined that firm in 1988 after serving in the U.S. Foreign Service, Department of State.

Pursuant to Article VI of our Articles of Incorporation, directors of DTE Energy will not be personally liable to the company or its shareholders in the performance of their duties to the full extent permitted by law.

Article VII of our Articles of Incorporation provides that each current or former director or officer of DTE Energy, or each current and former employee or agent of the company or a director, officer, employee or

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agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise (including the heirs, executors, administrators or estate of such person), shall be indemnified by the company to the full extent permitted by the Michigan Business Corporation Act or any other applicable laws as presently or hereafter in effect. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with all of our officers and directors, these agreements set forth procedures for claims for indemnification as well as contractually obligating us to provide indemnification to the maximum extent permissible by law.

We and our directors and officers in their capacities as such are insured against liability for alleged wrongful acts (to the extent defined) under three insurance policies providing aggregate coverage in the amount of $100 million.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We are involved in certain legal (including commercial matters), administrative and environmental proceedings before various courts, arbitration panels and governmental agencies concerning claims arising in the ordinary course of business. These proceedings include contract disputes, environmental reviews and investigations, and pending judicial matters. We cannot predict the final disposition of such proceedings. We regularly review legal matters and record provisions for claims that are considered probable of loss. The resolution of pending proceedings is not expected to have a material effect on our financial statements in the period they are resolved. For additional discussion on legal matters, see the following Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements:

     
Note   Title

 
6   Regulatory Matters
7   Nuclear Operations
16   Commitments and Contingencies

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

We did not submit any matters to a vote of security holders in the fourth quarter of 2002.

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Part II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, which is the principal market for such stock, and the Chicago Stock Exchange. The following table indicates the reported high and low sales prices of our Common Stock on the Composite Tape of the New York Stock Exchange and dividends paid per share for each quarterly period during the past two years:

                                 
                            Dividends  
                            Paid  
Calendar   Quarter     High     Low     Per Share  

 
   
   
   
 
2002
                               
 
  First   $ 45.75     $ 39.65     $ 0.515  
 
  Second   $ 47.70     $ 42.65     $ 0.515  
 
  Third   $ 44.56     $ 33.05     $ 0.515  
 
  Fourth   $ 46.90     $ 38.20     $ 0.515  
2001
                               
 
  First   $ 40.20     $ 33.13     $ 0.515  
 
  Second   $ 47.13     $ 39.79     $ 0.515  
 
  Third   $ 47.04     $ 41.30     $ 0.515  
 
  Fourth   $ 45.00     $ 39.90     $ 0.515  

At December 31, 2002, there were 167,462,430 shares of our common stock outstanding. These shares were held by a total of 109,443 shareholders of record.

Our By-Laws nullify Chapter 7B of the Michigan Business Corporation Act (Act). This Act regulates shareholder rights when an individual’s stock ownership reaches 20% of a Michigan corporation’s outstanding shares. A shareholder seeking control of the company cannot require our Board of Directors to call a meeting to vote on issues related to corporate control within 10 days, as stipulated by the Act. See Note 11 — Common Stock and Earnings Per Share for additional information, including information concerning the Shareholders’ Rights Plan.

The amount of future dividends will depend on our earnings, financial condition and other factors that are periodically reviewed by our Board of Directors. Although there can be no assurances, we anticipate paying dividends at the current rate of $0.515 per quarter for the foreseeable future. See Note 11 — Preferred Securities and Note 12 — Long-Term Debt for possible restrictions on the payment of dividends.

Pursuant to Article I, Section 8.(c) and Article II, Section 3.(c) of our By-laws, as amended through September 1, 1999, notice is given that the 2004 Annual Meeting of the company’s Common Shareholders will be held on Wednesday, April 28, 2004.

All of our equity compensation plans have been approved by shareholders. See Note 18 — Stock Based Compensation for additional detail. See below for information as of December 31, 2002.

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                    Number of  
    Number of             securities  
    securities to be             remaining available  
    issued upon     Weighted-average     for future issuance  
    exercise of     exercise price of     under equity  
    outstanding options     outstanding options     compensation plans  
   
   
   
 
Plans approved by shareholders
    5,480,595     $ 39.87       10,439,000  

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following selected financial data should be read with the accompanying Management’s Discussion and Analysis and Notes.

                                           
      2002     2001(1)     2000     1999     1998  
     
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions, except per share amounts)
                                       
Operating Revenues
  $ 6,749     $ 5,791     $ 4,638     $ 4,499     $ 4,174  
Net Income (2)
                                       
 
Regulated operations
  $ 460     $ 384     $ 427     $ 434     $ 412  
 
Non-regulated operations (3)
    172       152       57       49       31  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    632       536       484       483       443  
 
Merger, restructuring and goodwill amortization
          (204 )     (16 )            
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Net Income
  $ 632     $ 332     $ 468     $ 483     $ 443  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Diluted Earnings Per Share (2)
                                       
 
Regulated operations
  $ 2.79     $ 2.50     $ 2.99     $ 3.00     $ 2.83  
 
Non-regulated operations (3)
    1.04       .98       .40       .33       .22  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    3.83       3.48       3.39       3.33       3.05  
 
Merger, restructuring and goodwill amortization
          (1.32 )     (.12 )            
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Diluted Earnings Per Share
  $ 3.83     $ 2.16     $ 3.27     $ 3.33     $ 3.05  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Dividends Declared Per Share of Common Stock
  $ 2.06     $ 2.06     $ 2.06     $ 2.06     $ 2.06  
At year end:
                                       
Total Assets
  $ 19,238     $ 18,881     $ 12,656     $ 12,316     $ 12,088  
Long-Term Debt Obligations, including capital leases
  $ 7,514     $ 7,654     $ 4,039     $ 4,091     $ 4,323  
Redeemable Preferred Stock
  $ 271     $ 274     $     $     $  
Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 4,565     $ 4,589     $ 4,009     $ 3,909     $ 3,698  


(1)   Includes the operations of MCN Energy from the May 31, 2001 acquisition date.
 
(2)   2001 earnings were favorably impacted by $3 million or $.02 per share due to an accounting change.
 
(3)   Includes Corporate & Other.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Diluted Earnings Per Share Increased — Our earnings in 2002 were $632 million, or $3.83 per diluted share, compared to earnings of $332 million, or $2.16 per diluted share in 2001. The comparability of earnings was affected by merger and restructuring charges and goodwill amortization associated with the MCN Energy merger that reduced 2001 after-tax earnings by $204 million, or $1.32 per diluted share. Excluding merger and restructuring charges and goodwill amortization, operating earnings increased $96 million or $.35 per diluted share in 2002 compared to 2001. The increase was due to improved margins in our regulated Energy Resources business, a full year of contributions from our Energy Gas business that was acquired in May 2001 in conjunction with the MCN Energy acquisition and increased contribution from our non-regulated businesses, primarily synfuels. Partially offsetting these improvements were higher operation and maintenance expenses, and interest expense. The issuance of 29 million shares of DTE Energy common stock in conjunction with the May 2001 MCN Energy acquisition, net of 10.5 million shares repurchased in 2001, and the issuance of 6.325 million shares in June 2002, also impacted the earnings per share comparison.

Earnings in 2001 decreased $136 million, or $1.11 per diluted share from 2000. As previously discussed, the earnings decline was due to significant merger and restructuring charges and goodwill amortization recorded in 2001. Additionally, merger and restructuring charges were recorded in 2000 reducing income by $16 million, or $.12 per diluted share. Excluding merger and restructuring charges and goodwill amortization, earnings increased $52 million, or $.09 per diluted share in 2001 compared to 2000. The improvement in earnings primarily reflects contributions from our Energy Gas business and from our non-regulated businesses. Partially offsetting these improvements were increased interest on long-term debt and lower margins from regulated electricity operations.

Strategic direction — We are committed to increasing our annual earnings at a 6% average rate. Our growth strategy is to strengthen the core electric and gas utilities, add to our portfolio of non-regulated businesses and leverage investments in energy technology. Non-regulated growth is expected to shift over the next few years from profits from tax advantaged coal-based fuels businesses that generate Section 29 tax credits to growth from energy technologies, on-site energy projects, generation projects, energy trading, coal services, waste coal recovery and coal bed methane.

We operate our businesses through three strategic business units (Energy Resources, Energy Distribution and Energy Gas). Each business unit has regulated and non-regulated operations. The balance of our business consists of Corporate & Other. Based on this structure, we set strategic goals, allocate resources and evaluate performance.

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    2002     2001(1)     2000  
(in Millions, except per share data)  
   
   
 
Net Income (Loss)
                       
Energy Resources
                       
   
Regulated — Power Generation
  $ 241     $ 183     $ 252  
 
 
   
   
 
   
Non-regulated
                       
     
Energy Services
    182       115       100  
     
Energy Marketing & Trading
    25       44       10  
     
Other
    7       6       (7 )
   
 
 
   
   
 
   
Total Non-regulated
    214       165       103  
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
    455       348       355  
 
 
   
   
 
Energy Distribution
                       
   
Regulated — Power Distribution & Transmission
    153       186       175  
   
Non-regulated
    (16 )     (10 )     (10 )
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
    137       176       165  
 
 
   
   
 
Energy Gas
                       
   
Regulated — Gas Distribution
    66       15        
   
Non-regulated
    26       11        
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
    92       26        
 
 
   
   
 
Corporate & Other
    (52 )     (14 )     (36 )
 
 
   
   
 
Total
                       
   
Regulated
    460       384       427  
   
Non-regulated (2)
    172       152       57  
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
    632       536       484  
 
 
   
   
 
Merger and Restructuring Charges
          (175 )     (16 )
MCN Energy Merger Goodwill Amortization
          (29 )      
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
  $ 632     $ 332     $ 468  
 
 
   
   
 
Diluted Earnings Per Share
                       
Regulated
    $ 2.79     $ 2.50     $ 2.99  
Non-regulated (2)
      1.04       .98       .40  
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
    3.83       3.48       3.39  
Merger and Restructuring Charges
          (1.13 )     (.12 )
MCN Energy Merger Goodwill Amortization
          (.19 )      
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
  $ 3.83     $ 2.16     $ 3.27  
 
 
   
   
 


(1)   2001 earnings were favorably impacted by $3 million, or $.02 per share, due to an accounting change.
 
(2)   Includes Corporate & Other.

ENERGY RESOURCES

Power Generation

The power generation plants of Detroit Edison comprise our regulated power generation business. Electricity is generated from Detroit Edison’s numerous fossil plants, its hydroelectric pumped storage plant and its nuclear plant and sold principally throughout Michigan and the Midwest to residential, commercial, industrial and wholesale customers.

Factors impacting income: Power Generation earnings increased $58 million in 2002 and decreased $69 million in 2001, compared to the prior year. As subsequently discussed, these results reflect changes in gross margins, increased operation and maintenance expenses, lower depreciation and amortization expenses and reduced property taxes.

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    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                       
Operating Revenues
  $ 2,711     $ 2,788     $ 2,911  
Fuel and Purchased Power
    (1,048 )     (1,231 )     (1,242 )
 
 
   
   
 
Gross Margin
    1,663       1,557       1,669  
Operation and Maintenance (1)
    (626 )     (571 )     (492 )
Depreciation and Amortization
    (331 )     (385 )     (468 )
Taxes other than Income
    (156 )     (148 )     (176 )
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Income
    550       453       533  
Other Income and (Deductions)
    (189 )     (184 )     (161 )
Income Tax Provision
    (120 )     (83 )     (120 )
Cumulative Effect of Accounting Change (Note 15)
          (3 )      
 
 
   
   
 
Net Income
  $ 241     $ 183     $ 252  
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Income as a Percent of Operating Revenues
    20 %     16 %     18 %


(1)   Excludes merger and restructuring charges in 2001 and 2000.

Gross margins in 2002 improved $106 million due primarily to significantly lower purchased power costs, partially offset by reduced operating revenues. Average purchased power cost per unit in 2002 declined $39.08 per Megawatthour (MWh) from 2001 levels. The decline in revenues was due to a full year impact of a 5% legislatively mandated rate reduction for commercial and industrial customers that began in April 2001. Revenues from wholesale customers were reduced reflecting lower power prices. Revenues from retail customers were affected by customers switching to alternative suppliers under the electric Customer Choice program (Note 6). Partially offsetting these revenue reductions was the impact of weather, resulting in a 10% increase in cooling demand during 2002.

Gross margins in 2001 declined by $112 million reflecting lower operating revenues, slightly offset by lower fuel and purchased power costs. The reduced operating revenues were due to the impact of an economic recession, the electric Customer Choice program and securitization. Sales rates for commercial and industrial customers were lowered by the 5% rate reduction in April 2001. Commercial and industrial sales decreased due to increased participation of customers in the electric Customer Choice program. Industrial sales also reflect reduced auto and steel production, and the end of a special energy sales agreement with a large steel manufacturer in March of 2001. Partially offsetting these declines were increased revenues from residential and wholesale customers as well as higher revenues from providing other energy related services. Residential customer revenues reflect higher demand resulting from weather, partially offset by the impact of a 5% rate reduction that began in June 2000. Revenues from wholesale customers increased due to gains from settling forward sales contracts. The sales contracts were entered into to effectively close forward purchase contracts that hedged power supply costs. Accordingly, the gains from forward sales contracts were substantially offset by losses from forward purchase contracts, which are recorded as part of fuel and purchased power costs. Fuel and purchased power costs were also affected by lower system output resulting from reduced electric sales, as well as the result of using a more favorable power supply mix. The supply mix reflects an increased usage of lower-cost power from our generating plants and reduced usage of higher-cost purchased power.

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        2002             2001             2000          
       
           
           
         
(in Thousands of MWh)
                                               
Power Generated and Purchased
                                               
Power Plant Generation
                                               
 
Fossil
                                               
   
Coal
    37,381       64 %     38,424       69 %     40,039       67 %
   
Natural Gas
    1,414       2       1,283       2       1,667       3  
   
Other
    222       1       4             394       1  
 
Nuclear (Fermi 2)
    9,301       16       8,555       16       8,239       14  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    48,318       83       48,266       87       50,339       85  
Purchased Power
    9,807       17       7,482       13       8,877       15  
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
System Output
    58,125       100 %     55,748       100 %     59,216       100 %
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
Average Unit Cost ($/MWh)
                                               
Generation (1)
  $ 12.53             $ 12.31             $ 12.78          
 
 
           
           
         
Purchased Power (2)
  $ 39.16             $ 78.24             $ 62.57          
 
 
           
           
         
Overall Average Unit Cost
  $ 17.02             $ 21.15             $ 20.24          
 
 
           
           
         


(1)   Represents fuel costs associated with power plants.
 
(2)   Includes amounts associated with hedging activities.

Operation and maintenance expense increased $55 million in 2002 and $79 million in 2001. Expense in both periods reflect an increase in planned and unplanned maintenance and reliability work for our power generation facilities, which reduces random outages at power plants and our reliance on purchased power. Additionally, both periods include higher employee pension and health care benefit costs, costs allocated from DTE Energy corporate for corporate support services, as well as the cost of funding the low income and energy efficiency fund. The funding of the low income and energy efficiency program was required under Michigan legislation and is recovered in current sales rates.

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $54 million in 2002 and $83 million in 2001. The declines reflect the extension of the amortization period from seven years to 14 years for certain regulatory assets that were securitized in 2001. See Note 6 — Regulatory Matters.

Taxes other than income increased $8 million in 2002 and decreased $28 million in 2001. The 2001 decrease was due to lower property taxes resulting from new valuation tables approved by the Michigan State Tax Commission (STC). Several local taxing jurisdictions have taken legal action against the state of Michigan to prevent the STC from implementing the new valuation tables. See Note 16 — Commitments and Contingencies.

Outlook — Electric restructuring is expected to continue to result in increased customer choice in the retail electric generation business. Effective January 1, 2002, the electric Customer Choice program in Michigan was expanded to allow all electric customers to purchase their electricity from suppliers other than their local utility. As a result of customers choosing to participate in the electric Customer Choice program Detroit Edison lost 6% of retail sales in 2002 and estimates losing 10% to 13% of such sales in 2003. If Detroit Edison is unable to recover its fixed costs from retail customers due to lost sales under electric Customer Choice (stranded costs), Michigan law allows for the recovery of all such amounts from electric Customer Choice customers. Detroit Edison recorded a $21 million regulatory asset in 2002 representing stranded costs and other recoverable costs under Michigan legislation. The regulatory asset was calculated based on a refinement to the methodology approved by the Michigan Public Service Commission (MPSC). The regulatory asset will be subject to review in future regulatory proceedings and we cannot predict the outcome of this matter. See Note 6 — Regulatory Matters.

Operating results are expected to vary as a result of various external factors such as weather, changes in economic conditions and the level of customer participation in the electric Customer Choice program.

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Energy Services

Energy Services is comprised of Coal-Based Fuels, On-Site Energy Projects and Merchant Generation. Coal-Based Fuels operations include producing synthetic fuel from nine synfuel plants and producing coke from three coke battery plants. Both processes generate tax credits under Section 29 of the Internal Revenue Code. On-Site Energy Projects include pulverized coal, power generation, steam production, chilled water, wastewater treatment and compressed air. Merchant Generation owns and operates four gas-fired peaking electric generating plants and develops and acquires gas and coal-fired generation.

                           
      2002     2001     2000  
     
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                       
Operating Revenues
                       
 
Coal-Based Fuels
  $ 599     $ 365     $ 293  
 
On-Site Energy Projects
    63       53       33  
 
Merchant Generation
    20       16       12  
 
 
   
   
 
 
    682       434       338  
Fuel and Purchased Power
    (380 )     (116 )     (61 )
Operation and Maintenance
    (320 )     (323 )     (260 )
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization
    (23 )     (36 )     (29 )
Taxes other than Income
    (14 )     (6 )     (1 )
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Loss
    (55 )     (47 )     (13 )
Other Income and (Deductions)
    (27 )     (11 )     (15 )
Income Tax Benefit
    264       173       128  
 
 
 
   
   
 
Net Income
  $ 182     $ 115     $ 100  
 
 
   
   
 

Factors impacting income: Earnings increased $67 million in 2002 and $15 million in 2001. Both periods reflect an increase in synfuel production, partially offset by a reduction in coke battery ownership. Four new synfuel production facilities became operational in 2002, compared to three new facilities in 2001. We sold a 95% interest in two of our synfuel projects during 2002. Tax credits from coke battery production decreased in both years reflecting the sale of a 49% interest in two of our coke battery projects in 2001. In 2002, consistent with the original purchase and sale agreement, our interest in the third coke battery was reduced from 95% to 5%.

Operating revenues and expenses increased significantly in 2002 and 2001 reflecting higher synfuel production. Synfuel projects generate operating losses which are offset by the resulting tax credits.

                               
(Dollars in Millions)   2002     2001     2000  
         
   
   
Coal-Based Fuels Statistics
                       
 
Synfuel Plants:
                       
   
Operational
    9       5       2  
 
 
   
   
 
   
Tax Credits Generated (1)
  $ 180.2     $ 64.1     $ 11.7  
 
 
   
   
 
 
Coke Battery Plants:
                       
   
Operational
    3       3       3  
 
 
   
   
 
   
Tax Credits Generated (1)
  $ 57.4     $ 88.6     $ 106.5  
 
 
   
   
 


(1)   DTE Energy’s portion of total tax credits generated

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Outlook — Energy Services strategy is to continue leveraging our extensive energy-related operating experience, and construction management capability to develop and grow the on-site energy and merchant generating businesses. We continue to evaluate opportunities to sell interests in some or all of our synfuel plants. Sales of interests in synfuel projects allow us to accelerate cash flow while maintaining a stable net income base. Coke battery tax credits expired at two of our three facilities in 2002 and the synfuel tax credits are scheduled to expire in 2007.

Energy Marketing & Trading

Energy Marketing & Trading consists of the electric and gas marketing and trading operations of DTE Energy Trading Company and CoEnergy Trading Company, which was acquired as part of the MCN Energy acquisition in May 2001. Energy Marketing & Trading focuses on physical power marketing and structured transactions, as well as the enhancement of returns from DTE Energy’s natural gas pipeline and storage assets. To this end, Energy Marketing & Trading enters into forwards, futures, swaps and option contracts as part of its trading strategy.

Factors impacting income: Earnings decreased $19 million in 2002 and increased $34 million in 2001 due to varying mark-to-market gains resulting from changes in gas and electric prices. Commodity price risk of the Energy Marketing & Trading segment is managed by utilizing derivative financial contracts to offset the risk inherent in the segment’s portfolio of electric and gas supply and sales agreements. The segment’s objective is to enter into new transactions that can be hedged and profitable from an economic standpoint. Energy Marketing & Trading accounts for this risk minimization strategy by marking to market its commodity forwards and financial derivatives so they substantially offset. This fair value accounting better aligns financial reporting with the way the business is managed and its performance measured.

In 2001, Energy Marketing & Trading experienced earnings volatility as a result of its production-related gas supply as well as from open positions related to its long-term gas transportation and storage assets. The segment receives gas produced from DTE Energy’s Exploration & Production (E&P) operations which is used to meet its commitments under long- term contracts with cogeneration customers. The E&P gas does not qualify for mark-to-market accounting. Energy Marketing & Trading recorded a gain in 2001 totaling approximately $50 million, net of taxes, primarily attributable to marking to market sales contracts with power generation customers without recording an offsetting loss from marking to market the production-related gas supply. In December 2001, Energy Marketing & Trading entered into hedge transactions that substantially mitigate the earnings volatility related to the gas contracts with power generation customers.

Energy Marketing & Trading deploys a gas storage, marketing and trading strategy primarily utilizing the facilities owned and operated by DTE Energy. Employing a combination of physical and financial contracts, in conjunction with the injection and withdrawal capabilities of the storage fields, the segment is able to capture seasonal price spreads. As forward prices change, the timing of the physical flow of gas is optimized to obtain the highest margin. Trades under this strategy are marked to market against the forward curve. Through December 2002, physical gas in storage was marked to the current spot price under fair value accounting rules. This difference in accounting for forward trades and gas in storage resulted in earnings volatility in 2002 and 2001 when price changes in the spot month did not correspond with those in future delivery months. Gas in storage in December 2002 was priced at a spot market rate of $5.10 per thousand cubic feet (Mcf), compared to $2.77 per Mcf in December 2001 and a May 31, 2001, acquisition date rate of $4.10 per Mcf. Significantly smaller changes in forward prices occurred during these same periods. As a result, the mark-to-market gains and losses on gas inventory were only partially offset by mark-to-market losses and gains on the storage-related derivatives.

Outlook — Energy Marketing & Trading will seek to gradually expand this business in a manner consistent with and complementary to the growth of our other business segments. Gas storage and

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transportation capacity enhances its ability to provide reliable and custom-tailored, bundled services to large-volume end users and utilities. This capacity, coupled with the synergies from DTE Energy’s other businesses, positions the segment to capitalize on opportunities for expansion of its market base.

Energy Marketing & Trading manages commodity price risk by utilizing derivative financial contracts to more fully balance its portfolio of gas and electric supply and sales agreements. Energy Marketing & Trading attempts to maintain a balanced, or flat book from an economic standpoint. However, Energy Marketing & Trading will experience earnings volatility as a result of its gas inventories and associated hedges. As discussed in Note 2, effective January 1, 2003, gas inventory does not qualify for mark-to-market accounting as a result of the rescission of Financial Accounting Standards Board Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 98-10.

Non-regulated — Other

Our other non-regulated businesses are comprised of our Coal Services and Biomass units. Coal Services specializes in minimizing energy production costs and maximizing reliability of supply for energy-intensive use customers. Biomass develops, owns and operates landfill recovery systems in the U.S. Gas produced from these landfill sites qualifies for Section 29 tax credits.

Factors impacting income: Earnings rose $1 million in 2002 and $13 million in 2001, reflecting higher revenues from an increase in the shipment of coal, as well as an increase in revenues and tax credits resulting from an increase in gas produced.

Outlook — We expect to continue to grow our Coal Services and Biomass units. Biomass currently has 30 operating sites and other projects under development. Section 29 tax credits related to Biomass operations expire in 2007.

ENERGY DISTRIBUTION

Power Distribution & Transmission

Power Distribution & Transmission operations include the electric distribution services and steam heating businesses of Detroit Edison, and the electric transmission services of the International Transmission Company (ITC). Energy Distribution distributes electricity generated by Energy Resources and alternative electric suppliers to Detroit Edison’s 2.1 million customers.

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                       
Operating Revenues
  $ 1,365     $ 1,263     $ 1,218  
Fuel and Purchased Power
    (26 )     (10 )     (29 )
Operation and Maintenance (1)
    (568 )     (477 )     (460 )
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization
    (268 )     (259 )     (251 )
Taxes other than Income
    (135 )     (126 )     (113 )
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Income
    368       391       365  
Other Income and (Deductions)
    (135 )     (131 )     (129 )
Income Tax Provision
    (80 )     (74 )     (61 )
 
 
   
   
 
Net Income
  $ 153     $ 186     $ 175  
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Income as a Percent of Operating Revenues
    27 %     31 %     30 %


(1)   Excludes merger and restructuring charges in 2001 and 2000.

Factors impacting income: Earnings decreased $33 million in 2002 and increased $11 million in 2001. The 2002 decrease is due primarily to increased operating and maintenance expenses, partially offset by higher operating revenue. Operation and maintenance expenses were affected by expenses associated with restoring power to customers who lost service during two catastrophic storms during 2002, as well as

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heat-related maintenance expenses due to prolonged periods of above normal summer temperatures and the related stress placed on the distribution system. Additionally, operation and maintenance expenses reflect increased costs associated with customer service process improvements, uncollectible accounts expense, and employee benefit expenses. Operating revenues increased due primarily to higher residential sales attributable to greater cooling demand.

The 2001 earnings improvement is due primarily to higher residential sales resulting from weather, partially offset by the impact of a 5% rate reduction that began in June 2000.

Below are volumes associated with the regulated power distribution and transmission business:

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
(in Thousands of MWh)
                       
Electric Deliveries
                       
Residential
    15,958       14,503       13,903  
Commercial
    18,395       18,777       19,762  
Industrial
    13,590       14,430       16,090  
Wholesale
    2,249       2,159       2,277  
 
 
   
   
 
 
    50,192       49,869       52,032  
Electric Choice
    3,510       1,268       202  
 
 
   
   
 
Total Electric Deliveries
    53,702       51,137       52,234  
 
 
   
   
 

Outlook — Regulated electric system deliveries are expected to continue to increase in 2003 due to continued territory and economic growth. Operating results are expected to vary as a result of various external factors such as weather, changes in economic conditions and the severity and frequency of storms. In January 2003, we sold our steam business and will record a net of tax loss in the 2003 first quarter of approximately $13 million. In the fourth quarter of 2002, we entered into an agreement to sell ITC for $610 million. The sale closed on February 28, 2003 and generated a net of tax gain of approximately $75 million.

Several Midwest utilities seek to recover lost transmission revenues associated with the creation of multiple regional transmission organizations in the Midwest. Positions advocated by several parties in a Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) proceeding could require that Detroit Edison and its customers be responsible for increased transmission costs. Detroit Edison continues to actively participate in this proceeding and depending upon the outcome would subsequently seek rate recovery of these costs.

Non-Regulated

Non-regulated energy distribution operations consist primarily of DTE Energy Technologies that markets and distributes a broad portfolio of distributed generation products, provides application engineering, and monitors and manages system operations.

Factors impacting income: Losses increased $6 million during 2002 due primarily to expenses associated with the establishment of new sales offices in the distributed generation business.

Outlook — DTE Energy Technologies expects to continue the expansion of its product portfolios and support capabilities in North America and the development of marketing relationships in other parts of the world. We plan to develop and launch new products in 2003 that are critical to our plan to increase revenues and generate operating profits by 2004.

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ENERGY GAS

Gas Distribution

Gas Distribution operations include gas distribution services primarily provided by MichCon, our gas utility that purchases, stores and distributes natural gas to 1.2 million residential, commercial and industrial customers located throughout Michigan.

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                       
Operating Revenues
  $ 1,369     $ 615     $  
Fuel and Purchased Power
    (774 )     (304 )      
 
 
   
   
 
Gross Margins
    595       311          
Operation and Maintenance (1)
    (297 )     (194 )      
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization
    (104 )     (61 )      
Taxes other than Income
    (51 )     (24 )      
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Income
    143       32        
Other Income and (Deductions)
    (41 )     (38 )      
Income Tax Benefit (Provision)
    (36 )     21        
 
 
   
   
 
Net Income
  $ 66     $ 15     $  
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Income as a Percent of Operating Revenues
    10 %     5 %     %


(1)   Excludes merger and restructuring charges in 2001 and 2000.

Factors impacting income: Gas Distribution had income of $66 million in 2002 compared to $15 million in 2001. The significant improvement in 2002 reflects a full year of operations from MichCon, which was acquired in conjunction with the MCN Energy merger in May 2001. In contrast to 2001, the 2002 results include the January through April period when demand for natural gas is at its highest.

Warmer than normal weather during 2002 and 2001 reduced Gas Distribution’s earnings by $11 million and $13 million, respectively. Operations and maintenance expenses in 2002 were affected by higher uncollectible accounts expense, employee benefit expenses, and costs associated with customer service process improvements.

The pro-forma impact of the MCN Energy acquisition on DTE Energy is discussed in Note 4 — Acquisitions and Dispositions.

Outlook — Gas restructuring is expected to continue to result in increased customer choice in the gas sales business. In December 2001, the MPSC issued an order that continues the gas Customer Choice program on a permanent and expanding basis beginning with the conclusion of the three-year temporary program on March 31, 2002. Under the expanded program, beginning April 1, 2002, up to approximately 40% of customers could elect to purchase gas from suppliers other than MichCon. Beginning in April 2003, up to approximately 60% of customers could participate and beginning April 2004, all 1.2 million of MichCon’s gas customers could choose to participate. Since MichCon continues to transport and deliver the gas to the participating customer premises at prices comparable to margins earned on gas sales, customers switching to other suppliers have little impact on MichCon’s earnings. As of December 2002, approximately 190,000 customers were participating in the gas Customer Choice program.

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Under the MPSC order, MichCon returned to a gas cost recovery (GCR) mechanism upon termination of its three-year experimental Gas Sales Program in December 2001. Under the GCR mechanism, the gas commodity component of MichCon’s sales rates is designed to recover the actual costs of gas purchases. In December 2001, the MPSC issued an order permitting MichCon to implement GCR factors up to $3.62 per Mcf for January 2002 billings and up to $4.38 per Mcf for the remainder of 2002. The order also allowed MichCon to recognize a regulatory asset of approximately $14 million representing the difference between the $4.38 factor and the $3.62 factor for volumes that were unbilled at December 31, 2001. The regulatory asset will be subject to the 2002 GCR reconciliation process. In July 2002, in response to a petition for rehearing filed by the Michigan Attorney General, the MPSC directed the parties to address MichCon’s implementation of the December 2001 order and the impact of that implementation on rates charged to MichCon’s customers. Also, in July 2002, an MPSC Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) issued a Proposal for Decision on MichCon’s 2002 GCR plan case. In that decision the ALJ recommended adoption of the MPSC Staff’s proposed $26.5 million reduction in gas cost due to MichCon’s decision to utilize storage gas during 2001 that resulted in a gas inventory decrement for the 2001 calendar year. On March 12, 2003, the MPSC ordered MichCon to reduce revenues by $26.5 million for purposes of calculating the 2002 GCR expense in the 2002 GCR reconciliation proceeding. See Note 6 — Regulatory Matters — Gas Industry Restructuring and Note 22 — Subsequent Event — Regulatory Matters — Gas Industry Restructuring.

Gas Distribution’s future operating results will vary as a result of weather and changes in economic conditions.

Non-regulated

Non-regulated operations include the gas and oil Exploration & Production business, and the gas Pipelines & Processing business. E&P produces gas from proven reserves owned in northern Michigan and sells the gas to the Energy Marketing & Trading segment. Pipelines & Processing has partnership interests in two interstate transmission pipelines, seven carbon dioxide processing facilities and a natural gas storage field. The assets of these businesses primarily support the Energy Marketing & Trading segment.

Factors impacting income: Earnings were $26 million in 2002 compared with $11 million in 2001. The results reflect a full year of operations of the E&P and Pipeline & Processing businesses that were acquired in conjunction with the MCN Energy acquisition in May 2001.

Outlook — We expect to further develop our gas production properties in northern Michigan and our pipelines, processing and storage assets to support other DTE Energy businesses. Additionally, we expect to continue exploring opportunities in the coal bed methane gas production business to leverage our E&P capabilities, skills and experience.

CORPORATE & OTHER

Corporate & Other had a loss of $52 million in 2002 compared with a loss of $14 million in 2001. The increased loss was due to higher interest expense resulting from increased debt and a full year impact of corporate debt assumed in the MCN Energy acquisition. Additionally, results reflect a reserve of $11 million (pre-tax) for the possible loss associated with direct loans to and the guarantee of debt of a technology investment.

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CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY

                             
        2002     2001     2000  
       
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                       
Cash and Cash Equivalents
                       
Cash Flow From (Used For)
                       
 
Operating activities:
                       
   
Net income, depreciation, depletion and amortization
  $ 1,391     $ 1,127     $ 1,226  
   
Merger and restructuring charges
          215        
   
Deferred income taxes
    (208 )     (7 )     (133 )
   
Working capital and other
    (209 )     (524 )     (78 )
 
 
   
   
 
 
    974       811       1,015  
 
Investing activities (1)
    (1,115 )     (2,286 )     (674 )
 
Financing activities (2)
    6       1,679       (310 )
   
 
 
   
   
 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
  $ (135 )   $ 204     $ 31  
 
 
   
   
 


(1)   Includes acquisition of MCN Energy in 2001.
 
(2)   Includes $1.75 billion of securitization bonds issued in 2001.

Operating Activities

Our consolidated net cash from operating activities increased $163 million in 2002 and decreased $204 million in 2001. We use cash derived from operating activities to maintain and expand our core electric and gas utility businesses and to grow our non-regulated businesses. In addition, we use cash from operations to retire long-term debt and pay dividends. The increase in 2002 was attributable to higher net income, after adjusting for noncash items (depreciation, amortization and deferred taxes), partially offset by higher working capital requirements. Working capital requirements reflect an increase in accounts receivable and gas inventories. Accounts receivable collections were slowed in our utility business due to billing issues associated with our new combined billing system that have been resolved. The decline in 2001 resulted primarily from lower earnings, after adjusting for noncash items including merger and restructuring charges, and higher working capital requirements. Working capital was affected by the seasonal requirements in the second half of 2001 of the gas business where cash is used to finance increases in gas inventories and customer accounts receivable.

Outlook — We expect our cash flow from operations will increase in 2003 due to earnings growth, and by better managing our working capital requirements, including the continued focus of reducing past due accounts receivable. These expected improvements will be partially offset by a $222 million contribution to our pension plan in January 2003.

Investing Activities

Our net cash used for investing activities decreased $1.2 billion in 2002 and increased $1.6 billion in 2001. The cash consideration portion of the MCN Energy acquisition totaled $1.2 billion and impacts the comparison of the periods. In 2002, capital expenditures in regulated and non-regulated businesses were lower, partially offset by reduced proceeds from the sale of non-strategic assets. In 2001, higher regulated capital expenditures at Detroit Edison were due to new air quality regulations that require reductions in nitrogen oxide levels as discussed in the following “Environmental Matters” section.

Outlook — Our strategic direction anticipates base level capital investments and expenditures for existing businesses in 2003 totaling approximately $850 million, of which approximately $700 million will be in regulated gas and electric operations and the remaining $150 million in non-regulated businesses.

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Approximately $100 million of the regulated capital expenditures will be incurred by our Power Generation business to comply with new ozone and air quality regulations. Investments in new non-regulated growth businesses could push actual capital investments and expenditures over $1 billion. The actual level of non-regulated investments and expenditures will depend on new market opportunities. We also sold ITC in 2003 for approximately $610 million.

The proposed level of investments and expenditures in future years is expected to be financed primarily with internally generated funds, including proceeds from the sale of non-strategic assets. We will evaluate divesting of assets and investments that do not meet certain return criteria or are not consistent with our strategic direction to maximize shareholder value.

We believe that we will have sufficient capital resources, both internal and external, to meet anticipated capital requirements.

Financing Activities

Our consolidated net cash related to financing activities decreased $1.7 billion in 2002 and increased $2 billion in 2001. The 2001 issuance of $1.75 billion of securitization bonds and the 2001 issuance of $1.35 billion of long-term debt to finance the acquisition of MCN Energy impacts the comparison of the periods. In 2002, proceeds from the issuance of debt and common stock were used for the redemption of higher cost debt and to reduce short-term borrowings. In 2001, proceeds from the issuance of securitization bonds and other Detroit Edison and MichCon debt were used to repay debt and repurchase our common stock. Details of 2002 financing activities follows:

  In January 2002, DTE Energy Trust I, a wholly owned trust of the company, issued $180 million of 7.8% Trust Preferred Securities. The proceeds were used to redeem the 8-5/8% Trust Originated Preferred Securities and the 9-3/8% Redeemable Cumulative Preferred Securities.
 
  In April 2002, DTE Energy issued $200 million of 6.65% senior notes, due 2009. The proceeds were used to retire MCN Energy Enterprises Remarketable Securities that had an aggregate principal amount of $100 million, and to reduce short-term borrowings.
 
  In June 2002, DTE Energy issued 6.9 million equity-linked security units at $25 per unit. An equity security unit consists of a stock purchase contract and a senior note of DTE Energy. DTE Energy used the net proceeds of $167 million from this issuance for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of short-term borrowings.
 
  In June 2002, DTE Energy also issued 6.325 million shares of common stock at $43.25 per share, grossing $273.6 million. Net proceeds from the common stock offering were $265 million and were used for general corporate purposes.
 
  In October 2002, Detroit Edison issued $225 million of 5.20% senior notes, due 2012, and $225 million of 6.35% senior notes, due 2032. The proceeds were used for general corporate purposes, including debt redemptions and the repayment of short-term borrowings.
 
  In December 2002, Detroit Edison issued $64 million of 5.45% tax exempt bonds and $56 million of 5.25% tax exempt bonds, due 2032. The proceeds were used for the refunding of tax exempt bonds and to finance costs to be incurred for pollution control facilities at our power plants.

In October 2002, DTE Energy, Detroit Edison and MichCon entered into separate revolving credit facilities with a syndicate of banks totaling $1.2 billion. Our revolving credit facilities contain customary covenants. One important aspect of these agreements requires us to maintain a debt to total capitalization ratio of not more than .65 to 1, and an “earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization” to interest ratio of no less than 2 to 1. See Note 13 — Short-Term Credit Arrangements and Borrowings.

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DTE Energy, Detroit Edison and MichCon have effective shelf registrations with the SEC that allow for the issuance of up to $1.9 billion of debt and equity securities.

In February 2003, MichCon issued $200 million of 5.7% senior notes, due in 2033. The proceeds were used for debt redemption.

Outlook — Our capitalization objective is to maintain our credit ratings through a strong balance sheet. Our capitalization objective is a 50% to 55% leverage target (excluding certain debt, principally securitization debt.) We have issued guarantees for the benefit of various non-regulated subsidiary transactions. We do not anticipate any credit rating downgrades, however in the event that our credit rating is downgraded below investment grade certain of these guarantees would require us to post cash or letters of credit valued at approximately $200 million at December 31, 2002.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

There are estimates used in preparing the consolidated financial statements that require considerable judgment. Such estimates relate to regulation, risk management and trading activities, Section 29 tax credits, goodwill, pension and post retirement costs, and the allowance for doubtful accounts.

Regulation

A significant portion of our business is subject to regulation. Detroit Edison, MichCon and ITC currently meet the criteria of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 71, “Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation.” Application of this standard results in differences in the application of generally accepted accounting principles between regulated and non-regulated businesses. SFAS No. 71 requires the recording of regulatory assets and liabilities for certain transactions that would have been treated as revenue or expense in non-regulated businesses. Future regulatory changes or changes in the competitive environment could result in discontinuing the application of SFAS No. 71 for some or all of our businesses. If we were to discontinue the application of SFAS No. 71 on all our operations, we estimate that the extraordinary noncash loss would be as follows:

         
(in millions)        
Regulated Entity        

MichCon
  $ (28 )
Detroit Edison (1)
    (27 )
ITC
    (6 )
 
 
 
Total
  $ (61 )
 
 
 

     
(1)   Excludes securitized regulatory assets

Management believes that currently available facts support the continued application of SFAS No. 71 and that all regulatory assets and liabilities are recoverable or refundable in the current rate environment.

Risk Management and Trading Activities

All derivatives are recorded at fair value and shown as “Assets or liabilities from risk management and trading activities” in the consolidated statement of financial position. Risk management activities are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” Through December 2002, trading activities were accounted for in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 98-10, “Accounting for Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities.” Effective January 2003, trading activities are accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 133. See Note 2- New Accounting Pronouncements.

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The offsetting entry to “Assets or liabilities from risk management and trading activities” is to other comprehensive income or earnings depending on the use of the derivative, how it is designated and if it qualifies for hedge accounting. The fair values of derivative contracts were adjusted each reporting period for changes using market sources such as:

  published exchange traded market data
 
  prices from external sources
 
  price based on valuation models

Market quotes are more readily available for short duration contracts. Effective in 2003, fair value measurements must be evidenced by similar transactions in the marketplace.

Section 29 Tax Credits

We have generated Section 29 tax credits from our synfuel, coke battery and biomass operations. Seven of our synthetic fuel facilities have received favorable private letter rulings from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) with respect to their operations. The remaining two rulings have been requested and are expected in 2003. These tax credits are subject to review by the IRS and if we fail to prevail through the administrative and legal process, there could be a significant tax liability owed for previously taken Section 29 tax credits. Our portion of tax credits generated was $250 million in 2002, up from $165 million in 2001 and $130 million in 2000. Outside firms assist us in assuring we operate in accordance with our private letter rulings and within the parameters of the law, as well as calculating the value of tax credits.

Goodwill

Certain of our business units have goodwill resulting from purchase business combinations. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” each of our reporting units with goodwill is required to perform impairment tests annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the value of goodwill may be impaired. In order to perform these impairment tests, we must determine the reporting unit’s fair value using valuation techniques, which use estimates of discounted future cash flows to be generated by the reporting unit. These cash flow estimates involve judgments based on a broad range of information and historical results. To the extent estimated cash flows are revised downward, the reporting unit may be required to write down all or a portion of its goodwill which would adversely impact our earnings. As of December 31, 2002, our goodwill totaled $2.1 billion and we determined that no impairment exists.

Pension and Postretirement Costs

Our cost of providing pension and postretirement benefits are dependent upon a number of factors, including rates of return on plan assets, the discount rate and the rate of increase in health care costs.

We had pension income for qualified pension plans of $9 million in 2002 and pension expense of $159 million in 2001 and $9 million in 2000. Postretirement benefits expense for all plans was $70 million in 2002, $104 million in 2001 and $44 million in 2000. Pension and postretirement benefits expense is calculated based upon a number of actuarial assumptions, including an expected long-term rate of return on our plan assets of 9.0% at December 31, 2002. In developing our expected long-term rate of return assumption, we evaluated input from our consultants, including their review of asset class return expectations as well as long-term inflation assumptions. Projected returns by such consultants are based on broad equity and bond markets. Our expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is based on an asset allocation assumption of 65% in equity markets, 28% in fixed income markets, and 7% invested in other assets. Because of market volatility, we periodically review our asset allocation and rebalance our portfolio when considered appropriate. Given market conditions we believe that 9% is a reasonable long-term rate of return on our plan assets, despite the recent financial market downturn. We will continue to evaluate our actuarial assumptions, including our expected rate of return, at least annually.

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We base our determination of the expected return on plan assets for pension benefits on a market-related valuation of assets which reduces year-to-year volatility. This market-related valuation recognizes changes in fair value in a systematic manner over a three-year period. Because of this method, the future value of assets will be impacted as previously deferred gains or losses are recorded. We have unrecognized net losses due to the recent unfavorable performance of the financial markets. As of December 31, 2002, we had cumulative losses of approximately $375 million which remain to be recognized in the calculation of the market-related value of assets. These unrecognized net losses may result in increases in our future pension expense.

The discount rate that we utilize for determining future pension and postretirement benefit obligations is based on a review of long-term bonds that receive one of the two highest ratings given by a recognized rating agency. The discount rate determined on this basis has decreased from 7.25% at December 31, 2001 to 6.75% at December 31, 2002. Due to recent financial market performance, lower discount rates and increased health care trend rates we estimate that our 2003 pension expense will approximate $70 million and our postretirement benefit expense will approximate $141 million. We have also made modifications to the pension and postretirement benefit plans to mitigate the earnings impact of the higher costs. Future actual pension and postretirement benefit expense will depend on future investment performance, changes in future discount rates and various other factors related to plan design.

Lowering the expected long-term rate of return on our pension plan assets by 0.5% would have increased our 2002 pension expense by approximately $12 million and our postretirement benefit expense by $3 million. Lowering the discount rate and the salary increase assumptions by 0.5% would have increased our pension expense for 2002 by approximately $3 million. Lowering the discount rate and the health care cost trend assumptions by 0.5% would have decreased our postretirement benefit expense for 2002 by approximately $4 million.

The market value of our pension and postretirement benefit plan assets has been affected by sharp declines in the financial markets since 2000. The value of our plan assets has decreased from $2.8 billion at December 31, 2001, to $2.4 billion at December 31, 2002. The investment performance returns and declining discount rates have required us to recognize at December 31, 2002, an additional minimum pension liability of $855 million, an intangible asset of $57 million and an entry to other comprehensive loss (shareholders’ equity) of $518 million, net of tax. The additional minimum pension liability and related accounting entries would be reversed on the balance sheet in future periods if the fair value of plan assets exceeds the accumulated pension benefit obligations. The recording of the minimum pension liability does not affect net income or cash flow.

Pension and postretirement costs and pension cash funding requirements will increase in future years without a substantial recovery in the financial markets. We made a $35 million cash contribution to the pension plan in 2002 and a $222 million cash contribution in January 2003. We also contributed $33 million to the postretirement plans in 2002, and expect to contribute at $80 million by the end of 2003.

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Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends, economic conditions, age of receivables and other information. With the implementation of a new integrated billing system in late 2001, we encountered billing issues that resulted in an MPSC inquiry. We filed a plan with the MPSC in March 2002 addressing customer billing complaints. While we have resolved the primary billing issues, we may encounter difficulty in collecting past due receivables. As a result, our allowance for doubtful accounts increased in 2002. We believe the allowance for doubtful accounts is based on reasonable estimates, however; failure to collect our past due receivables could unfavorably affect operating results and cash flow.

ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

Protecting the environment, as well as correcting past environmental damage, continues to be a focus of state and federal regulators. Legislation and (or) rulemaking could further impact the electric utility industry including Detroit Edison. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality have aggressive programs to clean-up contaminated property. The EPA initiated enforcement actions against several major electric utilities citing violations of new source provisions of the Clean Air Act. Detroit Edison received and responded to information requests from the EPA on this subject. The EPA has not initiated proceedings against Detroit Edison. The National Energy Policy Development Group is reviewing the EPA’s interpretation and application of regulations for new source review requirements. We expect this review to focus on the ability of fossil-fueled plant owners to perform plant maintenance without additional significant environmentally related modifications. While we anticipate continued ability to economically maintain our plants, the outcome of this governmental review cannot be predicted.

EPA ozone transport regulations and final new air quality standards relating to ozone and particulate air pollution will impact us. Detroit Edison has spent approximately $460 million through December 2002 and estimates that it will incur approximately $300 million to $400 million of future capital expenditures over the next five to eight years to comply.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

See Note 2 — New Accounting Pronouncements for discussion of new pronouncements.

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CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The following table reflects the payments due to others for contractual obligations existing at December 31, 2002:

                                           
              Less                          
(in Millions)           Than                     After  
Contractual Obligations   Total     1 Year     1-3 Years     4-5 Years     5 Years  

 
   
   
   
   
 
Long-Term Debt:
                                       
 
Mortgage bonds, notes & other
  $ 6,576     $ 920     $ 793     $ 644     $ 4,219  
 
Securitization bonds
    1,673       88       185       215       1,185  
 
Equity-linked securities
    191       6       185              
 
Capital lease obligations
    127       16       24       25       62  
Operating leases
    328       40       80       71       137  
Electric & gas purchase obligations
    2,078       709       576       277       516  
Other long-term obligations
    683       110       182       70       321  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total Obligations
  $ 11,656     $ 1,889     $ 2,025     $ 1,302     $ 6,440  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

We expect 2003 capital expenditures will approximate $850 million. Certain commitments have been made in connection with such capital expenditures and are excluded from the above table.

FAIR VALUE OF CONTRACTS

Roll-Forward of Mark to Market Energy Contract Net Assets

The following table provides details on changes in our mark-to-market (MTM) net asset or (liability) position during 2002.

                                             
        Proprietary     Structured             Owned          
    Trading (1)     Contracts (2)             Assets (3)     Total  
(in Millions)  
   
           
   
 
Energy Marketing & Trading Segment
                                       
   
MTM at December 31, 2001
  $ (4 )   $ (171 )         $ 42     $ (133 )
   
Reclassification to realized at settlement of contract
    1       16               (45 )     (28 )
   
Reclassification to Liabilities from Transportation and Storage Contracts (4)
          155                     155  
 
Net change in option premiums
    11                     1       12  
 
Other changes in fair value
    7       19               (48 )     (22 )
   
 
 
   
         
   
 
 
MTM at December 31, 2002
  $ 15     $ 19             $ (50 )     (16 )
 
 
   
           
         
Other DTE Energy Segments
                                    (100 )
 
                                 
 
 
                                  $ (116 )
 
                                 
 


(1)   “Proprietary Trading” represents derivative activity transacted with the intent of capturing profits on forward price movements.
 
(2)   “Structured Contracts” represent derivative activity transacted with the intent to capture profits by originating substantially hedged positions with wholesale energy marketers, utilities, retail aggregators and end-users. Although transactions are generally executed with a buyer and seller simultaneously, some positions remain open until a suitable offsetting trade can be executed.
 
(3)   “Owned Assets” represent derivative activity associated with assets owned by DTE Energy, including forward sales of gas production and trades
 
    associated with owned transportation and storage capacity. Derivatives are generally executed with the intent of locking in and optimizing profits without creating additional risk.
 
(4)   Represents transportation contracts that no longer meet the definition of a derivative. The fair value of such contracts were frozen and are being amortized to income over the remaining contract terms.

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    Proprietary     Structured     Owned                  
    Trading     Contracts     Assets     Eliminations     Total  
(in Millions)  
   
   
   
   
 
Current assets
  $ 62     $ 68     $ 65     $ (10 )   $ 185  
Noncurrent assets
    18       33       114       (16 )     149  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total MTM assets
    80       101       179       (26 )     334  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Current liabilities
    (49 )     (58 )     (96 )     9       (194 )
Noncurrent liabilities
    (16 )     (24 )     (133 )     17       (156 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total MTM liabilities
    (65 )     (82 )     (229 )     26       (350 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total MTM net assets (liabilities)
  $ 15     $ 19     $ (50 )   $     $ (16 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

Maturity and source of fair value of MTM energy contract net assets

The table below shows the maturity and source of how we derived the MTM positions of our energy contracts.

                                                           
(in Millions)                                                   Total  
Source of Fair Value   2003     2004     2005     2006     2007     Beyond 5
Years
    Fair
Value
 

 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Proprietary Trading
                                                       
 
Actively quoted prices (1)
  $ 13     $ (6 )   $ (3 )   $     $     $     $ 4  
 
Prices by external sources (2)
          6       3             2             11  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    13                         2             15  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Structured Contracts
                                                       
 
Actively quoted prices (1)
    9       5                               14  
 
Prices by external sources (2)
                1       1       1       2       5  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    9       5       1       1       1       2       19  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Owned Assets
                                                       
 
Actively quoted prices (1)
    (30 )     (14 )     (8 )     (4 )                 (56 )
 
Prices by external sources (2)
          12       11       2       (6 )     (13 )     6  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    (30 )     (2 )     3       (2 )     (6 )     (13 )     (50 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total
  $ (8 )   $ 3     $ 4     $ (1 )   $ (3 )   $ (11 )   $ (16 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 


(1)   “Actively quoted prices” represent our position where we developed forward price curves using published New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) prices, over the counter (OTC) gas and power quotes. The NYMEX publishes gas futures prices for the next six years.
 
(2)   “Prices by external sources” represent our forward positions in power at points where OTC broker quotes are not always available. We value these positions against internally developed forward market price curves that are constantly validated and recalibrated against OTC broker quotes for closely correlated points. This category also includes “strip” transactions whose prices are obtained from external sources and then modeled to daily or monthly prices as appropriate.

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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Commodity Price Risk

Risk Management and Trading Activities

DTE Energy has commodity price risk arising from market price fluctuations in conjunction with the anticipated purchase of electricity to meet its obligations during periods of peak demand. We also are exposed to the risk of market price fluctuations on gas sale and purchase contracts, gas production and gas inventories. To limit our exposure to commodity price fluctuations, we have entered into a series of electricity and gas futures, forwards, option and swap contracts. See Note 15 — Financial and Other Derivative Instruments for further discussion.

Interest Rate Risk

DTE Energy is subject to interest rate risk in connection with the issuance of debt and preferred securities. In order to manage interest costs, we use treasury locks and interest rate swap agreements. Our exposure to interest rate risk arises primarily from changes in U.S. Treasury rates, commercial paper rates and London Inter-Bank Offered Rates (LIBOR).

Summary of Sensitivity Analysis

We performed a sensitivity analysis calculating the impact of changes in fair values utilizing applicable forward commodity rates or changes in interest rates if they occurred at December 31, 2002:

(in Millions)

                     
Activity   Increase of 10%     Decrease of 10%     Change in the fair value of

 
   
   
Gas Contracts
  $ (21 )   $ 7     Commodity contracts
Power Contracts
  $ 3     $ (1 )   Commodity contracts
Interest Rate Risk
  $ (229 )   $ 245     Long term debt

Credit Risk

We purchase and sell electricity, gas and coke to numerous companies operating in the steel, automotive, energy and retail industries. During 2002 and 2001, a number of customers have filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, including certain Enron Corporation affiliates, National Steel Company and Bethlehem Steel Company. At December 31, 2002, we had approximately $65 million of accounts receivable and approximately $40 million of accounts payable with these bankrupt companies. We regularly review contingent matters relating to purchase and sale contracts and record provisions for amounts considered probable of loss. We believe our previously accrued amounts are adequate for probable losses. The final resolution of these matters are not expected to have a material effect on our financial statements in the period they are resolved.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

     The following consolidated financial statements and schedules are included herein.

         
    Page  
   
 
Independent Auditors’ Report     47  
         
Consolidated Statement of Operations     48  
         
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position     49  
         
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows     51  
         
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income     52  
         
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements         
             
Note 1   Significant Accounting Policies     53  
Note 2   New Accounting Pronouncements     58  
Note 3   Change in Accounting for Regulation     63  
Note 4   Acquisitions and Dispositions     63  
Note 5   Merger and Restructuring Charges     65  
Note 6   Regulatory Matters     65  
Note 7   Nuclear Operations     69  
Note 8
Note 9
  Jointly Owned Utility Plant
Income Taxes
    71 71  
Note 10   Common Stock and Earnings Per Share     73  
Note 11   Preferred Securities     74  
Note 12   Long Term Debt     75  
Note 13   Short-Term Credit Arrangements and Borrowings     77  
Note 14   Capital and Operating Leases     78  
Note 15   Financial and Other Derivative Instruments     79  
Note 16   Commitments and Contingencies     81  
Note 17   Retirement Benefits and Trusteed Assets     84  
Note 18   Stock-based Compensation     89  
Note 19   Segment and Related Information     91  
Note 20   Supplementary Quarterly Financial Information     94  
Note 21   Subsequent Event — Disposition of International Transmission Company     94  
Note 22   Subsequent Event — Regulatory Matters — Gas Industry Restructuring     94  
Note 23   Consolidating Financial Statements     95  
             
    Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts     106  

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INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
DTE Energy Company

We have audited the consolidated statement of financial position of DTE Energy Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the related consolidated statements of operations, cash flows, and changes in shareholders’ equity and comprehensive income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of DTE Energy Company and subsidiaries at December 31, 2002 and 2001, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2002 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements of the Company taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for goodwill and energy trading contracts in 2002. Also as discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for derivative instruments and hedging activities in 2001.

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Detroit, Michigan
February 11, 2003 (February 28, 2003 as to Note 21 and March 12, 2003 as to Note 22)

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DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statement of Operations

                             
 
  Year Ended December 31  
 
 
 
 
  2002     2001     2000  
 
 
   
   
 
(in Millions, Except per Share Amounts)
                       
Operating Revenues
  $ 6,749     $ 5,791     $ 4,638  
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Expenses
                       
 
Fuel, purchased power and gas
    2,099       1,919       1,305  
 
Operation and maintenance
    2,416       1,801       1,424  
 
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    759       795       758  
 
Taxes other than income
    370       312       296  
 
Merger and restructuring charges (Note 5)
          268       25  
 
 
   
   
 
 
    5,644       5,095       3,808  
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Income
    1,105       696       830  
 
 
   
   
 
Other Income and Deductions
                       
 
Interest expense
    548       468       336  
 
Preferred stock dividends of subsidiaries
    25       15        
 
Interest income
    (29 )     (22 )     (9 )
 
Other income
    (62 )     (60 )     (4 )
 
Other expenses
    50       76       30  
 
 
   
   
 
 
    532       477       353  
 
 
   
   
 
Income Before Income Taxes
    573       219       477  
Income Tax Provision (Benefit) (Note 9)
    (59 )     (110 )     9  
 
 
   
   
 
Income Before Accounting Change
    632       329       468  
Cumulative Effect of Accounting Change (Note 15)
          3        
 
 
   
   
 
Net Income
  $ 632     $ 332     $ 468  
 
 
   
   
 
Basic Earnings per Common Share (Note 10)
                       
 
Before accounting change
  $ 3.85     $ 2.15     $ 3.27  
 
Cumulative effect of accounting change
          .02        
 
 
   
   
 
   
Total
  $ 3.85     $ 2.17     $ 3.27  
 
 
   
   
 
Diluted Earnings per Common Share (Note 10)
                       
 
Before accounting change
  $ 3.83     $ 2.14     $ 3.27  
 
Cumulative effect of accounting change
          .02        
 
 
   
   
 
   
Total
  $ 3.83     $ 2.16     $ 3.27  
 
 
   
   
 
Average Common Shares
                       
 
Basic
    164       153       143  
 
Diluted
    165       154       143  
Dividends Declared per Common Share
  $ 2.06     $ 2.06     $ 2.06  

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

                     
        December 31  
       
 
        2002     2001  
       
   
 
(in Millions)                
ASSETS
               
Current Assets
               
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 133     $ 268  
 
Restricted cash
    237       157  
 
Accounts receivable
               
   
Customer (less allowance for doubtful accounts of $82 and $57, respectively)
    902       745  
   
Accrued unbilled revenues
    296       242  
   
Other
    237       261  
 
Inventories
               
   
Fuel and gas
    413       345  
   
Materials and supplies
    163       160  
 
Assets from risk management and trading activities
    224       191  
 
Other
    159       110  
 
 
   
 
 
    2,764       2,479  
 
 
   
 
Investments
               
 
Nuclear decommissioning trust funds
    417       417  
 
Other
    487       625  
 
 
   
 
 
    904       1,042  
 
 
   
 
Property
               
 
Property, plant and equipment
    17,862       17,073  
 
Less accumulated depreciation and depletion
    (8,049 )     (7,524 )
 
 
   
 
 
    9,813       9,549  
 
 
   
 
Other Assets
               
 
Goodwill (Note 4)
    2,119       2,003  
 
Regulatory assets (Note 6)
    1,197       1,189  
 
Securitized regulatory assets
    1,613       1,692  
 
Assets from risk management and trading activities
    152       150  
 
Prepaid pension assets
    172       435  
 
Other
    504       342  
 
 
   
 
 
    5,757       5,811  
 
 
   
 
Total Assets
  $ 19,238     $ 18,881  
 
 
   
 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

                   
      December 31  
     
 
      2002     2001  
     
   
 
(in Millions, Except Shares)                
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Current Liabilities
               
 
Accounts payable
  $ 647     $ 581  
 
Accrued interest
    115       117  
 
Dividends payable
    90       84  
 
Accrued payroll
    49       108  
 
Short-term borrowings
    414       681  
 
Current portion long-term debt, including capital leases
    1,018       517  
 
Liabilities from risk management and trading activities
    284       216  
 
Other
    596       523  
 
 
   
 
 
    3,213       2,827  
 
 
   
 
Other Liabilities
               
 
Deferred income taxes
    916       1,486  
 
Regulatory liabilities
    179       187  
 
Unamortized investment tax credit
    168       180  
 
Liabilities from risk management and trading activities
    208       310  
 
Liabilities from transportation and storage contracts
    523       373  
 
Accrued pension liability
    582       32  
 
Nuclear decommissioning
    416       412  
 
Other
    683       557  
 
 
   
 
 
    3,675       3,537  
 
 
   
 
Long-Term Debt (Note 12)
               
 
Mortgage bonds, notes and other
    5,656       5,892  
 
Securitization bonds
    1,585       1,673  
 
Equity-linked securities
    191        
 
Capital lease obligations
    82       89  
 
 
   
 
 
    7,514       7,654  
 
 
   
 
Commitments and Contingencies (Notes 6, 7 and 16)
               
                   
Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Securities of Subsidiaries Holding Solely Debentures of DTE Energy or Enterprises
    271       274  
 
 
   
 
Shareholders’ Equity
               
 
Common stock, without par value, 400,000,000 shares authorized, 167,462,430 and 161,133,959 shares issued and outstanding, respectively
    3,052       2,811  
 
Retained earnings
    2,132       1,846  
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (619 )     (68 )
 
 
   
 
 
    4,565       4,589  
 
 
   
 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 19,238     $ 18,881  
 
 
   
 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

                               
          Year Ended December 31  
         
 
          2002     2001     2000  
         
   
   
 
(in Millions)                        
Operating Activities
                       
 
Net income
  $ 632     $ 332     $ 468  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:
                       
     
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    759       795       758  
     
Merger and restructuring charges
          215        
     
Deferred income taxes
    (208 )     (7 )     (133 )
     
Changes in assets and liabilities, exclusive of changes shown separately (Note 1)
    (209 )     (524 )     (78 )
 
 
   
   
 
     
Net cash from operating activities
    974       811       1,015  
 
 
   
   
 
Investing Activities
                       
 
Plant and equipment expenditures — regulated
    (794 )     (776 )     (586 )
 
Plant and equipment expenditures — non-regulated
    (190 )     (320 )     (163 )
 
Acquisition of MCN Energy, net of cash acquired
          (1,212 )      
 
Proceeds from sales of assets
    41       216        
 
Restricted cash for debt redemptions
    (79 )     (70 )     43  
 
Other investments
    (93 )     (124 )     32  
 
 
   
   
 
   
Net cash used for investing activities
    (1,115 )     (2,286 )     (674 )
 
 
   
   
 
Financing Activities
                       
 
Issuance of long-term debt
    958       4,254       273  
 
Redemption of long-term debt
    (613 )     (1,423 )     (331 )
 
Issuance of preferred securities
    180              
 
Redemption of preferred securities
    (180 )            
 
Short-term borrowings, net
    (267 )     (282 )     116  
 
Capital lease obligations
    (12 )     (107 )     (2 )
 
Issuance of common stock
    265              
 
Repurchase of common stock
    (9 )     (438 )     (70 )
 
Capital additions from synfuel partners
    22              
 
Dividends on common stock
    (338 )     (325 )     (296 )
 
 
   
   
 
 
Net cash from (used for) financing activities
    6       1,679       (310 )
 
 
   
   
 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    (135 )     204       31  
 
 
   
   
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period
    268       64       33  
 
 
   
   
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period
  $ 133     $ 268     $ 64  
 
 
 
   
   
 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income

                                           
                              Accumulated          
      Common Stock             Other          
     
    Retained     Comprehensive          
      Shares     Amount     Earnings     Loss     Total  
     
   
   
   
   
 
(Dollars in Millions, Shares in Thousands)                                        
Balance, December 31, 1999
    145,041     $ 1,943     $ 1,959     $     $ 3,902  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
Net income
                468             468  
 
Dividends declared on common stock
                (294 )           (294 )
 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock
    (2,390 )     (32 )     (39 )           (71 )
 
Unearned stock compensation
          1                   1  
 
Other
                3             3  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Balance, December 31, 2000
    142,651       1,912       2,097             4,009  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
Net income
                332             332  
 
Issuance of new shares
    29,017       1,060                   1,060  
 
Dividends declared on common stock
                (324 )           (324 )
 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock
    (10,534 )     (155 )     (270 )           (425 )
 
Unearned stock compensation
          (6 )                 (6 )
 
Other
                11             11  
 
Net change in unrealized losses on Derivatives, net of tax
                      (69 )     (69 )
 
Net change in unrealized gain on Investments, net of tax
                      1       1  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Balance, December 31, 2001
    161,134       2,811       1,846       (68 )     4,589  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
Net income
                632             632  
 
Issuance of new shares
    6,426       270                   270  
 
Dividends declared on common stock
                (341 )           (341 )
 
Repurchase and retirement of common stock
    (98 )     (1 )     (2 )           (3 )
 
Pension obligations
                            (518 )     (518 )
 
Other
          (28 )     (3 )             (31 )
 
Net change in unrealized losses on Derivatives, net of tax
                      (33 )     (33 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Balance, December 31, 2002
    167,462     $ 3,052     $ 2,132     $ (619 )   $ 4,565  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

We did not have other comprehensive income (loss) in 2000. The following table displays comprehensive income (loss) for 2002 and 2001:

                         
(in Millions)   2002     2001  
 
   
 
Net income
  $ 632     $ 332  
 
 
   
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
               
 
Net unrealized losses on derivatives:
               
     
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle, net of taxes of $24
          (42 )
       
Losses arising during the period, net of taxes of $32 and $29, respectively
    (60 )     (53 )
     
Amounts reclassified to earnings, net of taxes of $15 and $14, respectively
    27       26  
 
 
   
 
 
    (33 )     (69 )
 
Net change in unrealized gain on investments, net of taxes of $1
          1  
  Pension obligations, net of taxes of $280     (518 )      
 
 
   
 
Comprehensive income
  $ 81     $ 264  
 
 
   
 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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DTE Energy Company
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1 — SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Corporate Structure

DTE Energy is an exempt holding company under the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935. DTE Energy was incorporated in Michigan in 1995 and is the parent company of the following subsidiaries:

  Detroit Edison Company;
 
  International Transmission Company (ITC);
 
  DTE Enterprises Inc. (Enterprises); and
 
  Other subsidiaries engaged in energy marketing and trading, energy services and various other electricity, coal and gas related businesses.

Detroit Edison is a regulated Michigan public utility engaged in the generation, purchase, distribution and sale of electric energy to 2.1 million customers in southeast Michigan.

ITC is regulated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for the transmission of electric energy. In December 2002, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell ITC. See Note 4 for more detail.

On May 31, 2001, DTE Energy completed the acquisition of MCN Energy, now referred to as Enterprises. See Note 4 for further discussion. Enterprises is an exempt holding company under the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935. Enterprises is a Michigan corporation primarily engaged in natural gas production, gathering, processing, transmission, storage, distribution and energy marketing. Enterprises largest subsidiary is MichCon, a natural gas utility serving 1.2 million customers throughout the state of Michigan.

Both Detroit Edison and MichCon are regulated by the Michigan Public Service Commission (MPSC). Detroit Edison is also regulated by the FERC.

References in this report to “we”, “us” and “our” are to DTE Energy and its subsidiaries, collectively.

Principles of Consolidation

We consolidate all majority owned subsidiaries and investments in entities in which we have controlling influence. Non-majority owned investments are accounted for using the equity method when the company is able to influence the operating policies of the investee. Non-majority owned investments include investments in limited liability companies, partnerships or joint ventures. When we do not influence the operating policies of an investee, the cost method is used. The company eliminates all intercompany balances and transactions.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These accounting principles require us to use estimates and assumptions that impact reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from our estimates.

We reclassified some prior year balances to match the 2002 financial statement presentation.

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Revenues

Revenues from the sale and delivery of electricity, and the sale, delivery and storage of natural gas are recognized as services are provided. Detroit Edison and MichCon record revenues for electric, gas and steam heating services provided but unbilled at the end of each month. Under agreement with the MPSC, Detroit Edison is not allowed to raise rates through 2003. Through December 2001, MichCon’s rates included a component for cost of gas sold that was fixed at $2.95 per thousand cubic feet (Mcf). In 2002, MichCon implemented a gas cost recovery (GCR) mechanism that will recover the prudent and reasonable cost of gas sold subject to annual proceedings before the MPSC.

Through December 2002, our Energy Marketing & Trading segment recorded in revenues unrealized gains and losses on energy trading contracts (commodity forwards and financial derivatives) and corresponding physical positions. The recognition of unrealized gains and losses associated with energy trading activities was required under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 98-10, “Accounting for Energy Trading Activities and Risk Management Activities.” With the rescission of EITF Issue No. 98-10 in the third quarter of 2002, the recognition of unrealized gains and losses is only permitted on energy trading contracts meeting the definition of a derivative under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” Accordingly, the company no longer records unrealized gains and losses on physical positions utilized in our energy trading operations as discussed in the “Inventories” policy and Note 2 — New Accounting Pronouncements.

EITF Issue No. 98-10, permitted either gross or net presentation of mark to market gains and losses on energy trading contracts (including those to be physically settled) in the consolidated statement of operations. Based on discussions held at the June 2002 meeting of the EITF and statements made by the SEC staff, we concluded that net presentation is preferable. In the past we presented such amounts on a gross basis. As of December 31, 2002, we have presented such amounts on a net basis, and all presented prior periods have been reclassified on a consistent basis.

Comprehensive Income

We comply with SFAS No. 130, “Reporting Comprehensive Income,” that established standards for reporting comprehensive income. SFAS No. 130 defines comprehensive income as the change in common shareholders’ equity during a period from transactions and events from non-owner sources, including net income. Significant amounts recorded to comprehensive income include minimum pension liabilities as prescribed by SFAS No. 87, “Employers’ Accounting for Pensions,” and unrealized gains and losses associated with cash flow hedging activities under SFAS No. 133.

Inventories

Fuel inventory and materials and supplies at Detroit Edison, MichCon and other subsidiaries are valued at average cost.

Gas inventory at MichCon is determined using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method. At December 31, 2002, the replacement cost of gas remaining in storage exceeded the $55 million LIFO cost by $187 million. At December 31, 2001, the replacement cost exceeded the $6.2 million LIFO cost by $90.9 million. During 2001, MichCon liquidated 2.1 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of prior years’ LIFO layers at an average cost of $0.39 per Mcf. MichCon’s average gas purchase rate in 2001 was $2.83 per Mcf higher than the average LIFO liquidation rate. Applying LIFO cost in valuing the liquidation, as opposed to using the average purchase rate, decreased 2001 cost of gas by $5.8 million and increased earnings by $3.8 million, net of taxes.

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Through December 2002, the Energy Marketing & Trading segment used the fair value method to price gas inventories. To comply with new accounting requirements resulting from the rescission of EITF Issue No. 98-10, the Energy Marketing & Trading segment changed to the average cost method for its gas inventories, effective January 2003.

Property, Retirement and Maintenance, and Depreciation and Depletion

Summary of property by classification as of December 31:

                     
(in Millions)   2002     2001  
 
   
 
Property, Plant and Equipment
               
 
Electric Utility
               
   
Generation
  $ 6,515     $ 6,165  
   
Distribution
    5,606       5,407  
   
Transmission
    813       802  
   
 
 
   
 
 
Total Electric Utility
    12,934       12,374  
   
 
 
   
 
 
Gas Utility
               
   
Distribution
    1,903       1,852  
   
Storage
    212       208  
   
Other
    906       903  
   
 
 
   
 
 
Total Gas Utility
    3,021       2,963  
   
 
 
   
 
 
Non-regulated and other
    1,907       1,736  
   
 
 
   
 
Total Property, Plant and Equipment
    17,862       17,073  
   
 
 
   
 
Less Accumulated Depreciation and Depletion
               
 
Electric Utility
               
   
Generation
    (3,117 )     (2,948 )
   
Distribution
    (2,207 )     (2,062 )
   
Transmission
    (425 )     (407 )
   
 
 
   
 
 
Total Electric Utility
    (5,749 )     (5,417 )
   
 
 
   
 
 
Gas Utility Distribution
    (1,127 )     (1,070 )
   
Storage
    (98 )     (97 )
   
Other
    (491 )     (459 )
   
 
 
   
 
 
Total Gas Utility
    (1,716 )     (1,626 )
   
 
 
   
 
 
Non-regulated and other
    (584 )     (481 )
   
 
 
   
 
Total Accumulated Depreciation and Depletion
    (8,049 )     (7,524 )
   
 
 
   
 
Net Property, Plant and Equipment
  $ 9,813     $ 9,549  
   
 
 
   
 

Property is stated at cost and includes construction-related labor and materials. The cost of properties retired plus removal costs, less salvage, at Detroit Edison and MichCon are charged to accumulated depreciation.

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense when incurred, except for Fermi 2. Approximately $25 million of expenses related to the anticipated Fermi 2 refueling outage scheduled for 2003 are being accrued on a pro-rata basis over an 18-month period that began in November 2001.

We base depreciation provisions for utility property at Detroit Edison and MichCon on straight-line and units of production rates approved by the MPSC. The composite depreciation rate for Detroit Edison was 3.4 % in 2002, 2001 and 2000. The composite depreciation rate for MichCon was 3.6% in 2002 and 3.9% in 2001.

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The average estimated useful life for each class of property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2002 follows:

                         
    Estimated Useful Lives in Years  
   
 
Utility   Generation     Distribution     Transmission  

 
   
   
 
Electric
    39       37       36  
Gas
    N/A       26       29  

Non-regulated property is depreciated over its estimated useful life using straight-line, declining-balance or units-of-production methods.

Natural Gas and Oil Exploration and Production

We follow the successful efforts method of accounting for investments in oil and gas properties. Under the successful efforts method, we capitalize the costs of property acquisitions, successful exploratory wells, development costs, support equipment and facilities. When a well is classified as non-productive, costs associated with that well are expensed. We also expense production costs, overheads, and exploration costs other than for exploratory drilling. Depreciation and depletion of proven oil and gas properties are determined using the units-of-production method over the life of the proven reserves.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets that we own are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the expected future cash flows generated by the asset, an impairment loss is recognized resulting in the asset being written down to its estimated fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.

Software Costs

We capitalize the cost of software developed for internal use. These costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over five years. Amortization begins when the software project is complete.

Excise and Sales Taxes

We record the billing of excise and sales taxes as receivables with an offsetting payable to the applicable taxing authority, with no impact on the statement of operations.

Deferred Debt Costs

The costs related to the issuance of long-term debt are deferred and amortized over the life of each debt issue. In accordance with MPSC regulations applicable to Detroit Edison and MichCon, the unamortized discount, premium and expense related to debt redeemed with a refinancing are amortized over the life of the replacement issue. Discount, premium and expense on early redemptions of debt associated with non-regulated operations are charged to earnings.

Stock-Based Compensation

We have a stock-based employee compensation plan, which is described in Note 19. The plan permits the awarding of various stock awards, including options, restricted stock and performance shares. We account for stock awards under the plan under the recognition and measurement principles of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” No compensation

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cost related to stock options is reflected in net income, as all options granted had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The recognition provisions under SFAS No. 123,“Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” require the recording of compensation expense for stock options equal to their fair value at date of grant as determined using an option pricing model. The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if we had recorded compensation expense for options granted under the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123.

                           
(in Millions, except per share amounts)   2002     2001     2000  
 
   
   
 
Net Income As Reported
  $ 632     $ 332     $ 468  
Less: Total Stock-based Expense (1)
    (7 )     (9 )     (2 )
 
 
   
   
 
Pro Forma Net Income
  $ 625     $ 323     $ 466  
 
 
   
   
 
Earnings Per Share
   
 
Basic — as reported
  $ 3.85     $ 2.17     $ 3.27  
 
 
   
   
 
 
Basic — pro forma
  $ 3.81     $ 2.11     $ 3.26  
 
 
   
   
 
 
Diluted — as reported
  $ 3.83     $ 2.16     $ 3.27  
 
 
   
   
 
 
Diluted — pro forma
  $ 3.79     $ 2.10     $ 3.25  
 
 
   
   
 


(1)   Expense determined using a Black-Scholes based option pricing model.

Issuance of Stock by Equity Investees

DTE Energy and Mechanical Technology Incorporated formed Plug Power Inc. to design and develop on-site electric fuel cell power generation systems. In 1999, Plug Power completed an initial public offering (IPO) of common stock at $15 per share. After the IPO, we owned approximately 32% of Plug Power’s outstanding common stock. Since Plug Power is considered a development stage company, generally accepted accounting principles require us to record gains and losses from Plug Power stock issuances as an adjustment to equity. As a result of Plug Power’s IPO, we recorded an increase of $44 million in our investment and an after-tax increase of $28 million to equity in 1999. In July 2001, Plug Power completed a second public offering of common stock at $12 per share. After this public offering, we owned approximately 28% of Plug Power’s outstanding common stock and recorded an increase of $17 million in our investment and an after-tax increase of $11 million to equity.

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

We consider investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash contractually designated for debt service is classified as restricted cash.

                           
      2002     2001     2000  
     
   
   
 
(in Millions)                        
Changes in Assets and Liabilities, Exclusive of Changes Shown Separately
                       
 
Accounts receivable, net
  $ (157 )   $ 17     $ (118 )
 
Accrued unbilled receivables
    (54 )     (19 )     (22 )
 
Accrued gas cost recovery revenue
    (5 )     (14 )      
 
Inventories
    (71 )     (76 )     8  
 
Accounts payables
    66       (178 )     134  
 
Income taxes payable
    (8 )     (105 )     34  
 
General taxes
    (36 )     22       5  
 
Risk management and trading activities
    69       (80 )     8  
 
Other
    (13 )     (91 )     (127 )
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
  $ (209 )   $ (524 )   $ (78 )
 
 
 
   
   
 

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Other cash and non-cash investing and financing activities for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

                           
(in Millions)   2002     2001     2000  

 
   
   
 
Supplementary Cash Flow Information
                       
 
Interest paid (excluding interest capitalized)
  $ 551     $ 409     $ 334  
 
Income taxes paid
    167       45       104  
Noncash Investing and Financing Activities
                       
 
Notes received from sale of property
    217              
 
Issuance of equity-linked securities
    21              
 
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of MCN Energy
          1,060        

See the following notes for other accounting policies impacting our financial statements.

     
Note   Title

 
2   New Accounting Pronouncements
6   Regulatory Matters
9   Income Taxes
15   Financial and Other Derivative Instruments
17   Retirement Benefits and Trusteed Assets

NOTE 2 — NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Derivatives

Effective January 1, 2001, we adopted SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” as amended. SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and for hedging activities. SFAS No. 133 requires that companies recognize all derivatives as either assets or liabilities measured at fair value on the statement of financial position. SFAS No. 133 provides an exception for certain contracts that qualify as “normal purchases and sales.” To qualify for this exception, certain criteria must be met, including a high probability the contract will result in physical delivery. See Note 15 — Financial and Other Derivative Instruments for additional information.

Business Combinations

Effective July 1, 2001 we adopted SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations.” SFAS No. 141 requires that the purchase method of accounting be used for all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. The adoption of SFAS No. 141 did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Effective January 1, 2002, we adopted SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” which addresses the financial accounting and reporting standards for the acquisition of intangible assets outside of a business combination and for goodwill and other intangible assets subsequent to their acquisition. This accounting standard requires that goodwill be separately disclosed from other intangible assets in the balance sheet. Additionally under this statement, goodwill is no longer amortized, but must be reviewed at least annually for impairment. The provisions of this accounting standard also require the completion of a transitional impairment test within six months of adoption, with any impairment treated as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle. We completed the transitional goodwill impairment test as of January 1, 2002 and the annual goodwill impairment test as of October 1, 2002 and determined that no impairment existed.

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In accordance with SFAS No. 142, we discontinued the amortization of goodwill effective January 1, 2002. A reconciliation of previously reported net income and earnings per share to the amounts adjusted for the exclusion of goodwill amortization follows:

                 
    Years Ended December 31,  
   
 
(in Millions, except per share amounts)   2001     2000  
 
   
 
Net Income
               
As reported
  $ 332     $ 468  
Add: Goodwill amortization
    31       2  
 
 
   
 
As adjusted
  $ 363     $ 470  
 
 
   
 
Basic Earnings Per Share
               
As reported
  $ 2.17     $ 3.27  
Add: Goodwill amortization
    .20       .01  
 
 
   
 
As adjusted
  $ 2.37     $ 3.28  
 
 
   
 
Diluted Earnings Per Share
               
As reported
  $ 2.16     $ 3.27  
Add: Goodwill amortization
    .20       .01  
 
 
   
 
As adjusted
  $ 2.36     $ 3.28  
 
 
   
 

In connection with the adoption of SFAS No. 142, we also reassessed the useful lives and the classification of identifiable intangible assets and determined that they continue to be appropriate. Our intangible assets consist primarily of software and are subject to amortization. Intangible assets amortization expense was $46 million in 2002 and $48 million in 2001. There were no material acquisitions of intangible assets during 2002. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of intangible assets at December 31, 2002 were $519 million and $313 million, respectively. Amortization expense of intangible assets is estimated to be $46 million annually for 2003 through 2007.

Asset Retirement Obligations

On January 1, 2003, we adopted SFAS No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations,” which requires the fair value of an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it is incurred. It will apply to legal obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets resulting from the acquisition, construction, development and (or) the normal operation of a long-lived asset. When a new liability is recorded, an entity will capitalize the costs of the liability by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. The liability is accreted to its present value each period, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the liability, an entity settles the obligation for its recorded amount or incurs a gain or loss upon settlement.

We have completed a preliminary review and have identified a legal retirement obligation for the decommissioning costs for our Fermi 2 nuclear plant. To a lesser extent, we have retirement obligations for our synthetic fuel operations, gas production facilities, asphalt plant, gas gathering facilities and various other operations. As to regulated operations, we believe that adoption of SFAS No. 143 results primarily in timing differences in the recognition of legal asset retirement costs that we are currently recovering in rates and will be deferring such differences under SFAS No. 71.

As a result of adopting SFAS No. 143, we expect to record a capitalized asset of approximately $300 million, a corresponding retirement obligation liability of approximately $500 million, a cumulative effect amount related to regulated operations as a regulatory asset of approximately $200 million, and a cumulative effect charge against earnings of $10 million to $15 million. We will finalize these preliminary estimates in the first quarter of 2003.

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SFAS No. 143 also requires the quantification of the estimated cost of removal obligations, arising from other than legal obligations, which have been accrued through depreciation charges. At January 1, 2003 we estimate that we had approximately $700 million of previously accrued asset removal costs related to our regulated operations, for other than legal obligations, included in accumulated depreciation.

Long-Lived Assets

SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” supersedes SFAS No. 121, “Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of.” This statement establishes a single accounting model for long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale, whether previously held and used, or newly acquired. We adopted this statement on January 1, 2002, with no impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of Debt and Accounting for Leases

SFAS No. 145, “Rescission of FASB Statements No. 4, 44, and 64, Amendment of FASB Statement No. 13, and Technical Corrections,” eliminates SFAS No. 4 “Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of Debt” and allows for only those gains or loses on the extinguishment of debt that meet the criteria of extraordinary items to be treated as such in the financial statements. SFAS No. 145 also amends SFAS No. 13 “Accounting for Leases” to require sale-leaseback accounting for certain lease transactions. We adopted the provisions of this statement in 2002 with no impact on the consolidated financial statements.

Exit and Disposal Activities

SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities,” requires that the liability for costs associated with exit or disposal activities be recognized when incurred, rather than at the date of a commitment to an exit or disposal plan. Application of SFAS No. 146 is required prospectively for exit or disposal activities entered into on or after January 1, 2003.

Stock-Based Compensation

SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure — an amendment to FASB No. 123,” provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, this statement requires prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results.

Energy Trading Contracts

EITF Issue No. 98-10, “Accounting for Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities,” permitted either gross or net presentation of mark to market gains and losses on energy trading contracts (including those to be physically settled) in the consolidated statement of operations. Based on discussions held at the June 2002 meeting of the EITF and statements made by the SEC staff, we concluded that net presentation is preferable. In the past we presented such amounts on a gross basis. As of December 31, 2002, we have presented such amounts on a net basis, and all presented prior periods have been reclassified on a consistent basis.

The table below details the impact of the change in reporting gains and losses on energy trading contracts on our consolidated operating revenues and fuel, purchased power and gas expenses. This reclassification had no impact on margins and net income.

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(in Millions)   2002     2001     2000  
 
   
   
 
Revenues:
                       
Operating Revenues — Gross
  $ 9,902     $ 7,849     $ 5,597  
Less: Reclassification
    (3,153 )     (2,058 )     (959 )
 
 
   
   
 
Operating Revenues — Net
  $ 6,749     $ 5,791     $ 4,638  
 
 
   
   
 
Expenses:
                       
Fuel, Purchased Power and Gas — Gross
  $ 5,252     $ 3,977     $ 2,264  
Less: Reclassification
    (3,153 )     (2,058 )     (959 )
 
 
   
   
 
Fuel, Purchased Power and Gas — Net
  $ 2,099     $ 1,919     $ 1,305  
 
 
   
   
 

Under EITF Issue No. 98-10, “Accounting for Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities,” companies were required to use mark to market accounting for contracts utilized in energy trading activities. EITF Issue No. 98-10 was rescinded in October 2002, and energy trading contracts must now be reviewed to determine if they meet the definition of a derivative under SFAS No. 133. As discussed above in the note, SFAS No. 133 requires all derivatives to be recognized in the statement of financial position as either assets or liabilities measured at their fair value and sets forth conditions in which a derivative instrument may be designated as a hedge. SFAS No. 133 also requires that changes in the fair value of derivatives be recognized in earnings unless specific hedge accounting criteria are met. Energy trading contracts not meeting the definition of a derivative would be accounted for under settlement accounting, effective October 25, 2002 for new contracts and effective January 1, 2003 for existing contracts.

Additionally, inventory utilized in energy trading activities accounted for under the fair value method of accounting as prescribed by Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) 43 is no longer permitted. DTE Energy’s Energy Marketing & Trading segment used gas inventory in its trading operations and switched to the average cost inventory accounting method in January 2003.

Effective January 1, 2003, DTE Energy no longer applies EITF Issue No. 98-10 to energy contracts and ARB 43 to gas inventory. As a result of discontinuing the application of these accounting principles, we expect to record a cumulative effect of accounting change that will reduce net income for the first quarter of 2003 by approximately $18 million.

Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure

FASB Interpretation No. 45 requires a guarantor to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. It also requires disclosure in interim and annual financial statements of its obligations under certain guarantees it has issued. The initial recognition and measurement provisions of Interpretation No. 45 are to be applied prospectively to guarantees issued or modified after December 31, 2002. The disclosure requirements are effective for financial statements for periods ending after December 15, 2002.

In certain circumstances we enter contractual guarantees. We may guarantee another entity’s obligation in the event they fail to perform. We may provide guarantees in certain indemnification agreements. Finally, we may provide indirect guarantees of the indebtedness of others. Below are the details of specific material guarantees we currently provide. Our other guarantees are not individually material and total approximately $100 million at December 31, 2002.

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Parent Company Guarantee of Subsidiary Obligations

We have issued guarantees for the benefit of various non-regulated subsidiary transactions. In the event that DTE Energy’s credit rating is downgraded below investment grade certain of these guarantees would require us to post cash or letters of credit valued at approximately $200 million at December 31, 2002. This estimated amount fluctuates based upon the provisions and maturities of the underlying agreements.

Sale of Tax Credit Properties

We have provided certain guarantees and indemnities (guarantees) in conjunction with the sales of interests in two of our synfuel facilities. The guarantees cover general commercial, environmental and tax-related exposure and will survive until 90 days after expiration of all applicable statue of limitations, or indefinitely, depending on the nature of the guaranty. We are unable to estimate our maximum liability under the guarantees as our exposure is contingent upon the occurrence of certain events, including the amount of tax credits generated.

Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities

FASB Interpretation No. 46 requires variable interest entities, previously referred to as special-purpose entities or off-balance sheet structures, to be consolidated by a company if that company is subject to a majority of the risk of loss from the entity’s activities or is entitled to receive a majority of the entity’s returns or both. The consolidation provisions of Interpretation No. 46 apply immediately to variable interest entities created after January 31, 2003 and to existing entities in the first fiscal year or interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. Certain disclosure provisions apply in financial statements issued after January 31, 2003.

We believe that it is reasonably possible that we will consolidate the following entities upon the adoption of FASB Interpretation No. 46 in the third quarter of 2003.

In 1997, Enterprises’ 50%-owned partnership, Washington 10 Storage Partnership (Washington 10), entered into a leveraged lease transaction to finance the conversion of a depleted natural gas reservoir into a 42 Bcf storage facility. The storage facility began operations in mid-1999 and cost $160 million to develop. Enterprises has entered into a contract with Washington 10 to market 100% of the capacity of the storage field through 2029. Under the terms of the marketing contract, Enterprises is obligated to generate sufficient revenues to cover Washington 10’s lease payments and certain operating costs, which average approximately $15 million annually.

In 1999, a trust was established to acquire certain railcars and other coal transportation-related equipment for lease to Detroit Edison. The trust issued $101 million of secured notes and trust certificates, due in 2009, to finance the railcars and other equipment. Detroit Edison is unconditionally obligated to make rental payments in amounts that are sufficient to pay all payments of principal and interest on the notes and the yield on the certificates. Title to the railcars and other equipment will not transfer to Detroit Edison at the end of the lease term and there are no options to renew the lease at its expiration. The lease agreement includes an option on the part of Detroit Edison to purchase the equipment at the end of the lease term. If the purchase option is not exercised, Detroit Edison must make a termination payment equal to the unamortized note balance and will be responsible for arranging an orderly disposition of the railcars and equipment.

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NOTE 3 — CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING FOR REGULATION

In 1998, based on MPSC Orders, the Power Generation business of Detroit Edison started transitioning to market-based rates with the start of a customer choice program. In compliance with EITF Issue No. 97-4, “Deregulation of the Pricing of Electricity”, we ceased application of SFAS No. 71, “Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation”, for the generation business in 1998. Since that time, there have been significant legislative and regulatory changes in Michigan that have resulted in our generation business being fully regulated with cost-based ratemaking.

On June 5, 2000, the Customer Choice and Electric Reliability Act (PA 141) was enacted into law providing the regulatory framework to maintain cost-based rates for retail customers and ensuring the recovery of all amounts of generation-related stranded costs from choice customers. Subsequent MPSC Orders required a cost-based methodology to set a transition charge applicable to choice customers for recovery of our stranded costs. Since rates for retail customers and transition charges for choice customers are set by the regulator, recover Detroit Edison’s generation costs and are billed and recovered from retail and choice customers, the criteria of SFAS No. 71 are satisfied. In addition, we have both the legislative and regulatory authority to defer regulatory costs and to begin recovery of such costs starting in 2004 after the PA 141 mandated rate freeze expires. As a result of discussions with the SEC staff, the SEC has no objection to Detroit Edison resuming application of SFAS No. 71 for its generation business. Detroit Edison applied SFAS No. 71 starting in the fourth quarter of 2002 and recorded $15 million of additional regulatory assets for the equity component of Allowance for Funds Used During Construction and costs related to reacquired debt that was refinanced with lower cost debt. Included in the $15 million regulatory asset is $11 million of recoverable regulatory assets not recognized prior to the 2002 fourth quarter application of SFAS No. 71. Prior period financial statements have not been restated due to the immaterial effect of retroactively applying SFAS No. 71 to Detroit Edison’s generation business.

NOTE 4 — ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

Acquisition of MCN Energy

On May 31, 2001, DTE Energy completed the acquisition of MCN Energy by acquiring all of its outstanding shares of common stock for a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. See Note 10 — Common Stock and Earnings per Share herein for additional information. We purchased the outstanding common stock of MCN Energy for $2.3 billion and assumed existing MCN Energy debt and preferred securities of $1.5 billion.

We accounted for the acquisition using the purchase method and accordingly allocated the purchase price to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired totaled $2.1 billion and was classified as goodwill. We began amortizing goodwill on June 1, 2001, on a straight-line basis using a 40-year life. In accordance with the adoption of SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002, the amortization of goodwill ceased, and goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis.

The following unaudited pro forma summary presents information about the company as if the acquisition became effective at the beginning of the respective periods. The pro forma amounts include the impact of certain adjustments, such as acquiring the operations of MCN Energy and issuing $1.35 billion of debt and 29 million shares of common stock to finance the acquisition. The pro forma amounts do not reflect the benefits from synergies we are receiving as a result of combining operations, do not reflect the actual results that would have occurred had the companies been combined for the periods presented, and are not necessarily indicative of future results of operations of the combined companies.

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      Pro Forma  
     
 
      Year Ended December 31  
     
 
(in Millions, except per share amounts)   2001     2000  
 
   
 
Operating revenues
  $ 9,393     $ 8,388  
Income before accounting change
  $ 534     $ 426  
Net income
  $ 537     $ 426  
Basic earnings per share:
               
 
Before accounting change
  $ 3.23     $ 2.48  
 
Total
  $ 3.25     $ 2.48  
Diluted earnings per share:
               
 
Before accounting change
  $ 3.21     $ 2.48  
 
Total
  $ 3.23     $ 2.48  

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition:

           
      At May 31, 2001  
     
 
(in Millions)        
Current assets, net of cash acquired
  $ 853  
Investments
    52  
Property, plant and equipment, net
    1,628  
Assets held for sale
    245  
Goodwill
    2,077  
Other assets
    1,216  
 
 
 
 
Total assets acquired
    6,071  
 
 
 
Current liabilities
    (1,472 )
Intangible liabilities
    (390 )
Other liabilities
    (721 )
Preferred securities
    (273 )
Long-term debt
    (940 )
 
 
 
 
Total liabilities assumed
    (3,796 )
 
 
 
 
Net assets acquired
  $ 2,275  
 
 
 

Disposition of International Transmission Company

In December 2002, we entered into a definitive agreement with affiliates of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. and Trimaran Capital Partners, LLC providing for the sale of ITC for approximately $610 million in cash. Following receipt of regulatory approvals and resolution of other contingencies, it is anticipated that the transaction will close in the first quarter of 2003 and generate a net of tax gain of approximately $75 million. See Note 21 - Subsequent Event.

As provided in FERC regulations, Detroit Edison will continue to have fair and open access to Michigan’s electric transmission network following the sale. The ITC electric transmission system will continue to be operated by the Midwest Independent System Operator, a regional transmission operator. Under the terms of the sale agreement, ITC will seek FERC approval to cap transmission rates charged to Detroit Edison’s customers at current levels until December 31, 2004. Thereafter, rates would be subject to adjustment by the FERC.

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ITC had net property of $387 million at December 31, 2002 and had net income of $42 million in 2002 and $15 million in 2001 from May 31, 2001 when Detroit Edison distributed 100% of the shares of ITC to DTE Energy.

Disposition of Detroit Edison’s Steam Heating Business

In January 2003, we sold the steam heating business of Detroit Edison to Thermal Ventures II, LLP. This disposition is consistent with DTE Energy’s strategy of divestiture of non-strategic assets. Due to the continuing involvement of Detroit Edison in the steam heating business, including the commitment to purchase $176 million in steam for resale through 2008, fund certain capital improvements and guarantee the buyer’s credit facility, we will record a net of tax loss of approximately $13 million in the first quarter of 2003. As a result of our continuing involvement, this transaction is not considered a sale for accounting purposes. The steam heating business had assets of $6 million at December 31, 2002, and had net losses of $12 million in 2002, net income of $3 million in 2001 and a net loss of $18 million in 2000. See Note 16 — Commitments and Contingencies.

NOTE 5 — MERGER AND RESTRUCTURING CHARGES

On May 31, 2001, we completed the acquisition of MCN Energy. The following costs were incurred:

                 
(In Millions)   2001     2000  
 
   
 
Merger related
  $ 27     $ 25  
Restructuring
    241        
 
 
   
 
Total pre-tax
  $ 268     $ 25  
 
 
   
 
Total net of tax
  $ 175     $ 16  
 
 
   
 

Merger related charges represent systems integration, relocation, legal, accounting and consulting costs. Restructuring charges were primarily associated with a work force reduction plan. The plan included early retirement incentives and voluntary separation agreements for 1,186 employees, primarily in overlapping corporate support areas. Approximately $53 million of the merger and restructuring charges were paid as of December 31, 2001 and remaining benefit payments have been or will be paid from retirement plans.

NOTE 6 — REGULATORY MATTERS

Regulation

Detroit Edison and MichCon are subject to the regulatory jurisdiction of the MPSC, which issues orders pertaining to rates, recovery of certain costs, including the costs of generating facilities and regulatory assets, conditions of service, accounting and operating-related matters. Detroit Edison is also regulated by the FERC with respect to financing authorization and wholesale electric activities.

The operations of Detroit Edison, MichCon, and ITC meet the criteria of SFAS No. 71, “Accounting for the Effects of Certain Types of Regulation.” This accounting standard recognizes the cost-based ratemaking process, which results in differences in the application of generally accepted accounting principles between regulated and non-regulated businesses. SFAS No. 71 requires the recording of regulatory assets and liabilities for certain transactions that would have been treated as revenue and expense in non-regulated businesses. Continued applicability of SFAS No. 71 requires that rates be designed to recover specific costs of providing regulated services and be charged to and collected from customers. Management believes that currently available facts support the continued application of SFAS

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No. 71 to these businesses. Future regulatory changes or changes in the competitive environment could result in the company discontinuing the application of SFAS No. 71 for some or all of its businesses and require the write-off of the portion of any regulatory asset or liability that was no longer probable of recovery through regulated rates.

Regulatory Assets and Liabilities

The following are the balances of the regulatory assets and liabilities at December 31:

                     
        2002     2001  
       
   
 
(in Millions)                
Assets
               
 
Securitized regulatory assets
  $ 1,613     $ 1,692  
 
Recoverable income taxes related to securitized regulatory assets
    884       942  
 
Other recoverable income taxes
    118       123  
 
Stranded costs and other costs recoverable under PA 141
    21        
 
Unamortized loss on reacquired debt
    36       37  
 
Electric Choice implementation costs
    76       53  
 
Deferred environmental costs
    29       29  
 
Other
    33       5  
 
 
   
 
   
Total Assets
  $ 2,810     $ 2,881  
 
 
   
 
Liabilities
               
 
Refundable income taxes
  $ 142     $ 144  
 
Excess securitized savings
    37       43  
 
 
   
 
   
Total Liabilities
  $ 179     $ 187  
 
 
   
 

Electric Industry Restructuring

Electric Rates, Customer Choice and Stranded Costs - In June 2000, PA 141 became effective. PA 141 provided Detroit Edison with the right to recover stranded costs, codified and established January 1, 2002 as the date for full implementation of the MPSC’s existing Electric Choice program, and required the MPSC to reduce residential electric rates by 5%. At that time, Public Act 142 (PA 142) also became effective. PA 142 provided for the recovery through securitization of “qualified costs” which consist of an electric utility’s regulatory assets, plus various costs, associated with, or resulting from, the establishment of a competitive electric market and the issuance of securitization bonds.

Acting pursuant to PA 141, in an order issued in June 2000, the MPSC reduced Detroit Edison’s residential electric rates by 5% and imposed a rate freeze for all classes of customers through 2003. In April 2001, commercial and industrial rates were lowered by 5% as a result of savings derived from the issuance of securitization bonds in March 2001, as subsequently discussed.

The legislation also contains provisions freezing rates through 2003 and preventing rate increases for residential customers through 2005 and for small business customers through 2004. Certain costs may be deferred and recovered once rates can be increased. This rate cap may be lifted when certain market test provisions are met, specifically, when an electric utility has no more than 30% of generation capacity in its relevant market, with consideration for capacity needed to meet a utility’s responsibility to serve its retail customers. Statewide, multi-utility transmission system improvements also are required. Detroit Edison expects that these market and transmission improvement conditions will be met, and the rate cap will not continue after the dates specified in the legislation.

As required by PA 141, the MPSC conducted a proceeding to develop a methodology for calculating the net stranded costs associated with electric Customer Choice. In a December 2001 order, the MPSC

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determined that Detroit Edison could recover net stranded costs associated with the fixed cost component of its electric generation operations. Specifically, there would be an annual filing with the MPSC comparing the receipt of revenues associated with the fixed cost component of its generation services to the revenue requirement for the fixed cost component of those services, inclusive of an allowance for the cost of capital. Any resulting shortfall in recovery, net of mitigation, would be considered a net stranded cost. The MPSC, in its December 2001 order, also determined that Detroit Edison had no net stranded costs in 2000 and consequently established a zero net stranded cost transition charge for billing purposes in 2002. The MPSC authorized Detroit Edison to establish a regulatory asset to defer recovery of its incurred stranded costs, subject to review in a subsequent annual net stranded cost proceeding. The MPSC also determined that Detroit Edison should provide a full and offsetting credit for the securitization and tax charges applied to electric Customer Choice bills in 2002. In addition, the MPSC ordered an additional credit on bills equal to the 5% rate reduction realized by full service customers. Both credits were to be funded from savings derived from securitization. The December 2001 order, coupled with lower wholesale power prices in 2002, has encouraged additional customer participation in the electric Customer Choice program and has resulted in the loss of margins attributable to generation services. In May 2002, the MPSC denied Detroit Edison’s request for rehearing and clarification. In June 2002, Detroit Edison filed an appeal of the MPSC order at the Michigan Court of Appeals, challenging the legality of specific aspects of the MPSC order. The Court of Appeals has not yet issued a decision on this appeal.

In May 2002, Detroit Edison submitted its 2002 net stranded cost filing with the MPSC. The filing provides refinements to the MPSC Staff’s calculation of net stranded costs that was adopted in the December 2001 order, seeks more timely recovery of net stranded costs, and addresses issues raised by the continuation of securitization offsets and rate reduction equalization credits. Detroit Edison’s filing supports the following conclusions: (i) Detroit Edison had no net stranded costs in 2000 and $13 million of recoverable net stranded costs attributable to electric Customer Choice in 2001; (ii) Detroit Edison requested recovery of 2001 net stranded costs through the use of excess securitization savings; (iii) Detroit Edison expects to incur additional net stranded costs in 2002 and 2003 as a result of increased electric Customer Choice participation; and (iv) Detroit Edison recommended that a pro-forma or forward looking transition charge be approved for billing during the remainder of 2002 and for 2003 to eliminate the time lag between the occurrence and recovery of net stranded costs inherent in the methodology approved in the December 2001 order. In November 2002, the MPSC Staff and other interveners submitted their 2002 net stranded cost filings. In the fourth quarter of 2002, Detroit Edison recorded a regulatory asset of $21 million representing 2002 net stranded costs and the deferral of other costs recoverable under PA 141. The effect of recording the regulatory asset increased 2002 earnings by $13 million, net of taxes. The MPSC has not yet acted upon this Detroit Edison filing.

In several orders issued in June 2000, the MPSC determined that adjusting rates for changes in fuel and purchased power expenses through continuance of the Power Supply Cost Recovery (PSCR) clause would be inconsistent with the rate freeze required by PA 141. Detroit Edison was not permitted to collect the 1998 PSCR under-recovery of $9 million, plus accrued interest of $3 million. Also, Detroit Edison was not required to refund approximately $55 million of liabilities for over-recoveries of PSCR expenses for 1999 and 2000, and disallowances under the performance standard mechanism for our Fermi 2 nuclear power plant. In January and March 2002, the Michigan Court of Appeals rejected appeals and motions for rehearing filed by parties opposing the MPSC’s actions in this proceeding. In March 2002, the Michigan Attorney General applied for leave to appeal at the Michigan Supreme Court. The court has issued an order indicating that it will not hear the case.

It is unclear at this time whether the PSCR clause will be suspended beyond 2003.

Securitization — In an order issued in November 2000 and clarified in January 2001, the MPSC approved the issuance of securitization bonds to recover qualified costs that include the unamortized investment in Fermi 2, costs of certain other regulatory assets, Electric Choice implementation costs, costs of issuing

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securitization bonds, and the costs of retiring securities with the proceeds of securitization. The order permits the collection of these qualifying costs from Detroit Edison’s customers.

Detroit Edison formed The Detroit Edison Securitization Funding LLC (Securitization LLC), a wholly owned subsidiary, for the purpose of securitizing its qualified costs. In March 2001, the Securitization LLC issued $1.75 billion of Securitization Bonds, and Detroit Edison sold $1.75 billion of qualified costs to the Securitization LLC. The Securitization Bonds mature over a 14-year period and have an annual average interest rate of 6.3% over the life of the bonds. Detroit Edison used the proceeds to retire debt and equity in approximately equal amounts. The company likewise retired approximately 50% debt and 50% equity with the proceeds received as the sole shareholder of Detroit Edison. Detroit Edison implemented a non-bypassable surcharge on its customer bills, effective March 26, 2001, for the purpose of collecting amounts sufficient to provide for the payment of interest and principal and the payment of income tax on the additional revenue from the surcharge. As a result of securitization, Detroit Edison established a regulatory asset for securitized costs including costs that had previously been recorded in other regulatory asset accounts.

The Securitization LLC is independent of Detroit Edison, as is its ownership of the qualified costs. Due to principles of consolidation, qualified costs sold by Detroit Edison to the Securitization LLC and the $1.75 billion of securitization bonds appear on the company’s consolidated statement of financial position. The company makes no claim to these assets. Ownership of such assets has vested in the Securitization LLC and been assigned to the trustee for the Securitization Bonds. Funds collected by Detroit Edison, acting in the capacity of a servicer for the Securitization LLC, are remitted to the trustee for the Securitization Bonds. Neither the qualified costs which were sold nor funds collected from Detroit Edison’s customers for the payment of costs related to the Securitization LLC and Securitization Bonds are available to Detroit Edison’s creditors.

Gas Industry Restructuring

Through December 2001, MichCon was operating under an MPSC-approved Regulatory Reform Plan, which included a comprehensive experimental three-year gas Customer Choice program, a Gas Sales Program and an income sharing mechanism. MichCon returned to a GCR mechanism in January 2002 when the Gas Sales Program expired. Under the GCR mechanism, the gas commodity component of MichCon’s gas sales rates is designed to recover the actual costs of gas purchases. In December 2001, the MPSC issued an order that permitted MichCon to implement GCR factors up to $3.62 per Mcf for January 2002 billings and up to $4.38 per Mcf for the remainder of 2002. The order also allowed MichCon to recognize a regulatory asset of approximately $14 million representing the difference between the $4.38 factor and the $3.62 factor for volumes that were unbilled at December 31, 2001. The regulatory asset will be subject to the 2002 GCR reconciliation process. As of December 31, 2002, MichCon has accrued a $22 million regulatory asset representing the under-recovery of actual gas costs incurred. In July 2002, in response to a petition for rehearing filed by the Michigan Attorney General, the MPSC directed the parties to address MichCon’s implementation of the December 2001 order and the impact of that implementation on rates charged to MichCon’s customers. Also, in July 2002, an MPSC Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) issued a Proposal for Decision on MichCon’s 2002 GCR plan case. In that decision the ALJ recommended adoption of the MPSC Staff’s proposed $26.5 million reduction in gas cost due to MichCon’s decision to utilize storage gas during 2001 that resulted in a gas inventory decrement for the 2001 calendar year. See Note 22 for information concerning a March 2003 MPSC order in this matter.

In December 2001, the MPSC also approved MichCon’s application for a voluntary, expanded permanent gas Customer Choice program, which replaced the experimental program that expired in March 2002. Effective April 2002, up to 40% of MichCon’s customers could elect to purchase gas from suppliers other than MichCon. Effective April 2003, up to 60% of customers would be eligible and by April 2004, all of MichCon’s 1.2 million customers can participate in the program. The MPSC also approved the use of deferred accounting for the recovery of implementation costs of the gas Customer Choice program. As of December 2002, approximately 190,000 customers are participating in the gas Customer Choice program.

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As previously mentioned, MichCon was operating under a Regulatory Reform Plan through December 2001, which included an income sharing mechanism. The income sharing mechanism allowed customers to share in profits when actual returns on equity from utility operations exceed predetermined thresholds. Based on the MPSC approved formula, MichCon believes that no income sharing is required in 2001. In July 2002, the MPSC ordered a hearing be held to determine the appropriate treatment of $766,000 of pipeline refunds received by MichCon during 2001. MichCon does not agree with the MPSC Staff’s position that this amount should be refunded to customers.

Other

In accordance with a November 1997 MPSC order, Detroit Edison reduced rates by $53 million annually to reflect the scheduled reduction in the revenue requirement for Fermi 2. The $53 million reduction was effective in January 1999. In addition, the November 1997 MPSC order authorized the deferral of $30 million of storm damage costs and amortization and recovery of the costs over a 24-month period commencing January 1998. After various legal appeals, the Michigan Court of Appeals remanded back to the MPSC for hearing the November 1997 order. In December 2000, the MPSC issued an order reopening the case for hearing. The parties in the case have agreed to a stipulation of fact and waiver of hearing. In June 2002, the MPSC issued an order modifying its 1997 order that will require Detroit Edison to refund approximately $1.5 million after January 1, 2004. In July 2002, the Michigan Attorney General filed an appeal with the Michigan Court of Appeals regarding the June 2002 MPSC Order.

In November 2002, the MPSC requested Michigan gas and electric utilities to justify why their retail rates should not be lowered due to potential personal property tax reductions. We have responded and await further MPSC action.

Management is unable to predict the outcome of the regulatory matters discussed herein. Resolution of these matters is dependent upon future MPSC orders, which may materially impact the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the company.

NOTE 7 — NUCLEAR OPERATIONS

General

Fermi 2, our nuclear generating plant, began commercial operation in 1988. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has jurisdiction over the licensing and operation of Fermi 2. Fermi 2 has a design electrical rating (net) of 1,150 Megawatts. This plant represents approximately 10% of Detroit Edison’s summer net rated capability. The net book balance of the Fermi 2 plant was written off at December 31, 1998, and an equivalent regulatory asset was established. In 2001, the Fermi 2 regulatory asset was securitized. See Note 6 — Regulatory Matters. Detroit Edison also owns Fermi 1, a nuclear plant that was shut down in 1972 and is currently being decommissioned.

Property Insurance

Detroit Edison maintains several different types of property insurance policies specifically for the Fermi 2 plant. These policies cover such items as replacement power and property damage. The Nuclear Electric Insurance Limited (NEIL) is the primary supplier of these insurance polices. Under the NEIL policies, Detroit Edison could be liable for maximum assessments of up to approximately $27 million per event if the loss associated with any one event at any nuclear plant in the United States should exceed the accumulated funds available to NEIL.

Detroit Edison maintains a policy for extra expenses, including replacement power costs necessitated by Fermi 2’s unavailability due to an insured event. These policies have a 12-week waiting period and provide three years of coverage.

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Detroit Edison has $500 million in primary coverage and $2.25 billion of excess coverage for stabilization, decontamination, debris removal, repair and/or replacement of property and decommissioning. The combined coverage limit for total property damage is $2.75 billion.

For multiple terrorism losses occurring within one year after the first loss from terrorism, the NEIL policies would make available to all insured entities up to $3.2 billion plus any amounts recovered from reinsurance, government indemnity, or other sources to cover losses.

Public Liability Insurance

As required by federal law, Detroit Edison increased the amount of public liability insurance for a nuclear incident from $200 million to $300 million, effective January 1, 2003. For liabilities arising out of terrorist acts, the policy is now subject to one industry aggregate limit of $300 million. Further, under the Price-Anderson Amendments Act of 1988 (Act), deferred premium charges up to $84 million could be levied against each licensed nuclear facility, but not more than $10 million per year per facility. Thus, deferred premium charges could be levied against all owners of licensed nuclear facilities in the event of a nuclear incident at any of these facilities. The Act expired on August 1, 2002, however the provisions of the Act remain in effect for existing reactors. Legislation to extend the Act is currently under debate in Congress. President Bush has expressed his support to extend the Act. We cannot predict whether the legislation will pass the Congress.

Decommissioning

The NRC has jurisdiction over the decommissioning of nuclear power plants and requires decommissioning funding based upon a formula. The MPSC and FERC regulate the recovery of costs of decommissioning nuclear power plants and both require the use of external trust funds to finance the decommissioning of Fermi 2. Rates approved by the MPSC provide for the recovery of decommissioning costs of Fermi 2. Detroit Edison is continuing to fund FERC jurisdictional amounts for decommissioning even though explicit provisions are not included in FERC rates. We believe the MPSC and FERC collections will be adequate to fund the estimated cost of decommissioning using the NRC formula.

Detroit Edison has established a restricted external trust to hold funds collected from customers for decommissioning and the disposal of low-level radioactive waste. During 2002, Detroit Edison collected $42 million and in 2001 and 2000, Detroit Edison collected a total of $38 million each year from customers for decommissioning and low-level radioactive waste disposal. Such amounts were recorded as components of depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, and in other liabilities. Net unrealized investment losses of $39 million and $23 million in 2002 and 2001, respectively, were recorded as adjustments to the nuclear decommissioning trust funds and other liabilities. At December 31, 2002, investments in the external trust consisted of approximately 42.7% in publicly traded equity securities, 43.7% in fixed debt instruments and 13.6% in cash equivalents. Investments in debt and equity securities held within the external trust are classified as “available for sale.”

At December 31, 2002 and 2001, Detroit Edison had reserves of $377 million and $372 million, respectively, for the future decommissioning of Fermi 2, and $22 million and $26 million, respectively, for the decommissioning of Fermi 1. Detroit Edison also had a reserve of $17 million for low-level radioactive waste disposal costs at December 31, 2002 and $14 million as of December 31, 2001. These reserves are included in other liabilities, with an equivalent amount invested in an external trust. It is estimated that the cost of decommissioning Fermi 2, when its license expires in 2025, will be $947 million in 2002 dollars and $3.4 billion in 2025 dollars, using a 6% inflation rate. In 2001, the company began the decommissioning of Fermi 1, with the goal of removing the radioactive material and terminating the Fermi 1 license. The decommissioning is expected to be complete by 2008.

Nuclear Fuel Disposal Costs

In accordance with the Federal Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, Detroit Edison has a contract with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for the future storage and disposal of spent nuclear fuel from Fermi 2.

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Detroit Edison is obligated to pay the DOE a fee of one mill per net kilowatthour of Fermi 2 electricity generated and sold. The fee is a component of nuclear fuel expense. Delays have occurred in the DOE’s program for the acceptance and disposal of spent nuclear fuel at a permanent repository. Until the DOE is able to fulfill its obligation under the contract, Detroit Edison is responsible for the spent nuclear fuel storage. Detroit Edison estimates that existing storage capacity will be sufficient until 2007. Detroit Edison has entered into litigation against the DOE for damages caused by the DOE not accepting spent nuclear fuel on a timely basis.

NOTE 8 — JOINTLY OWNED UTILITY PLANT

Detroit Edison’s share of jointly owned utility plants at December 31, 2002 was as follows:

                 
            Ludington  
            Hydroelectric  
    Belle River   Pumped Storage  
   
 
 
In-service date
    1984-1985       1973  
Ownership interest
    *       49 %
Investment (in Millions)
  $ 1,021     $ 196  
Accumulated depreciation (in Millions)
  $ 478     $ 108  

*   Detroit Edison’s ownership interest is 63% in Unit No. 1, 81% of the facilities applicable to Belle River used jointly by the Belle River and St. Clair Power Plants, 49% in certain transmission lines, and 75% in common facilities used at Unit No. 2.

Belle River

The Michigan Public Power Agency (MPPA) has an ownership interest in Belle River Unit No. 1 and other related facilities. The MPPA is entitled to 19% of the total capacity and energy of the plant (1,026 MW) and is responsible for the same percentage of the plant’s operation, maintenance and capital improvements costs.

Ludington Hydroelectric Pumped Storage

Operation, maintenance and other expenses of the Ludington Hydroelectric Pumped Storage Plant (1,872 MW) are shared by Detroit Edison and Consumers Energy Company in proportion to their respective plant ownership interests.

NOTE 9 — INCOME TAXES

We file a consolidated federal income tax return.

Total income tax expense varied from the statutory federal income tax rate for the following reasons:

                           
(Dollars in Millions)   2002     2001     2000  
 
   
   
 
Effective federal income tax rate
    (10.5 )%     (50.3 )%     1.9 %
 
 
   
   
 
Income tax expense at 35% statutory rate
  $ 200     $ 77     $ 167  
Section 29 tax credits
    (250 )     (165 )     (130 )
Removal costs
          1       (24 )
Investment tax credits
    (9 )     (8 )     (10 )
Depreciation
    2       (12 )     11  
Goodwill amortization
          10        
Research expenditures tax credits
          (7 )      
Employee Stock Ownership Plan dividends
    (4 )     (4 )      
Other-net
    2       (2 )     (5 )
 
 
   
   
 
 
Total
  $ (59 )   $ (110 )   $ 9  
 
 
   
   
 

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Components of income tax expense (benefit) were as follows:

                           
      2002     2001     2000  
     
   
   
 
(in Millions)                        
Current federal and other income tax expense
  $ 160     $ 10     $ 138  
Deferred federal income tax benefit
    (219 )     (120 )     (129 )
 
 
   
   
 
 
Total
  $ (59 )   $ (110 )   $ 9  
 
 
   
   
 

Internal Revenue Code Section 29 provides a tax credit for qualified fuels produced and sold by a taxpayer to an unrelated party during the taxable year. Section 29 tax credits earned but not utilized of $381 million are carried forward indefinitely as alternative minimum tax credits. We have received private letter rulings from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for all our tax credit properties, except for two synthetic fuel facilities, that provide assurance as to the appropriateness of using these credits to offset taxable income, however, these tax credits are subject to IRS audit and adjustment.

At December 31, 2002, we had a net operating loss carryforward of $326 million as a result of the MCN Energy acquisition expiring in 2018 through 2020. We do not believe that a valuation allowance is required, as we expect to utilize the loss carryforward prior to its expiration.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax effect of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets or liabilities and the reported amounts in the financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as current or noncurrent according to the classification of the related assets or liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities not related to assets or liabilities are classified according to the expected reversal date of the temporary differences.

Deferred income tax assets (liabilities) were comprised of the following at December 31:

                 
    2002     2001  
   
   
 
(in Millions)                
Property
  $ (1,179 )   $ (1,149 )
Securitized regulatory assets
    (871 )     (909 )
Alternative minimum tax credit carryforward
    381       274  
Merger basis differences
    186       213  
Pension and benefits
    216       (71 )
Net operating loss
    114       148  
Other
    282       63  
 
 
   
 
 
  $ (871 )   $ (1,431 )
 
 
   
 
Deferred income tax liabilities
  $ (2,564 )   $ (2,479 )
Deferred income tax assets
    1,693       1,048  
 
 
   
 
 
  $ (871 )   $ (1,431 )
 
 
   
 

During 2002, the IRS completed and closed its audits of our federal income tax returns through 1995. The IRS is currently conducting audits of our federal income tax returns for the years 1996 and 1997. Audits of the MCN Energy federal income tax returns for 1995 through 1998 are being finalized. We believe that our accrued tax liabilities are adequate for all years.

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NOTE 10 — COMMON STOCK AND EARNINGS PER SHARE

Common Stock

In June 2002, we issued 6.325 million shares of common stock at $43.25 per share, grossing $274 million. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $265 million.

On May 31, 2001, we issued approximately 29 million shares of common stock, valued at $1.06 billion, as part of the consideration to purchase all of the outstanding common stock of MCN Energy. See Note 4 — Acquisitions and Dispositions. The newly issued shares were valued at the average market price of our common stock for a five-day period, including February 28, 2001, the announcement date of the revised merger agreement.

In 2001, DTE Energy repurchased approximately 10.5 million shares of common stock with a total cost of approximately $438 million.

Under the DTE Energy Company Long-Term Incentive Plan, we grant non-vested stock awards to management. At the time of grant, DTE Energy records the fair value of the non-vested awards as unearned compensation, which is reflected as a reduction in common stock. The number of non-vested stock awards is included in the number of common shares outstanding; however, for purposes of computing basic earnings per share, non-vested stock awards are excluded.

Shareholders’ Rights Plan

We have a Shareholders’ Rights Plan designed to maximize shareholders’ value should DTE Energy be acquired. The rights are attached to and trade with shares of DTE Energy’s common stock until they are exercisable upon certain triggering events. The rights expire in 2007.

Earnings per Share

We report both basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share assumes the issuance of potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period and the repurchase of common shares that would have occurred with proceeds from the assumed issuance. Diluted earnings per share assume the exercise of stock options, vesting of non-vested stock awards, and issuance of performance share awards. A reconciliation of both calculations is presented in the following table:

                         
(in Thousands, except per share amounts)   2002     2001     2000  

 
   
   
 
Basic Earnings per Share
                       
Income before accounting change
  $ 631,702     $ 328,745     $ 468,550  
Average number of common shares outstanding
    164,017       153,120       143,116  
 
 
   
   
 
Earnings per share of common stock based on average number of shares outstanding
  $ 3.85     $ 2.15     $ 3.27  
 
 
   
   
 
Diluted Earnings per Share
                       
Income before accounting change
  $ 631,702     $ 328,745     $ 468,550  
Average number of common shares outstanding
    164,017       153,120       143,116  
Incremental shares from stock-based awards
    750       639       149  
 
 
   
   
 
Average number of dilutive shares outstanding
    164,767       153,759       143,265  
 
 
   
   
 
Earnings per share of common stock assuming issuance of incremental shares
  $ 3.83     $ 2.14     $ 3.27  
 
 
   
   
 

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Options to purchase approximately one million shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the options’ exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares, thus making these securities anti-dilutive.

NOTE 11 — PREFERRED SECURITIES

DTE Energy and Enterprises — Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Securities of Subsidiaries

Various trusts and a partnership (subsidiaries) were formed for the sole purpose of issuing preferred securities and lending the gross proceeds to their respective parent. The sole assets of the subsidiaries are debentures of the parent with terms similar to those of the related preferred securities. Summarized information for DTE Energy and Enterprises — obligated mandatorily redeemable preferred securities of wholly-owned subsidiaries of DTE Energy and Enterprises, holding solely debentures of the parent is as follows:

                                               
          December 31

    Liquidation     Maturity of     Earliest  
              Value     Underlying     Redemption  
          2002     2001     Per Share     Debentures     Date  
         
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions, except per share amounts)                                        
MCN Financing I
                                       
 
8-5/8% Trust Originated Preferred Securities
  $     $ 77     $ 25       2036       2001  
     
(3,200,000 preferred securities)
Dividends payable quarterly
                                       
MCN Financing II
                                       
 
8-5/8% Trust Preferred Securities
  $ 97     $ 98     $ 25       2038       2003  
   
(4,000,000 preferred securities)
Dividends payable quarterly
                                       
MCN Financing III
                                       
 
7.25% Preferred Securities
  $     $ 2     $ 50       2002       2002  
   
(30,600 preferred securities)
Dividends payable quarterly
                                       
MCN Michigan Ltd. Partnership
                                       
 
9-3/8% Redeemable Cumulative Preferred
  $     $ 97     $ 25       2024       1999  
   
Securities (4,000,000 preferred securities)
Dividends payable monthly
                                       
DTE Energy Trust I
                                       
 
7.8% Trust Preferred Securities
  $ 174           $ 25       2032       2007  
   
(7,200,000 preferred securities)
Dividends payable quarterly
                                       
 
 
 
   
             
 
  $ 271     $ 274                          
 
 
 
   
             

Each trust uses payments received on the debenture it holds to make cash distribution on the preferred securities it has issued.

The preferred securities allow us the right to extend interest payment periods on the debentures and, as a consequence, the subsidiaries can defer dividend payments on the preferred securities during any such interest payment period. Should we exercise this right, we cannot declare or pay dividends on, or redeem, purchase or acquire, any of our capital stock during the deferral period.

In the event of default, holders of the preferred securities will be entitled to exercise and enforce the subsidiaries’ creditor rights against the parent, which may include acceleration of the principal amount

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due on the debentures. DTE Energy has issued certain guaranties with respect to payments on the preferred securities. These guaranties, when taken together with each parent’s obligations under the debentures, related indenture, subsidiary documents, provide full and unconditional guarantees of the subsidiaries’ obligations under the preferred securities.

Financing costs for these issuances were deferred and are reflected as a reduction in the carrying value of the preferred securities. These costs are being amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of the related securities.

Preferred and Preference Securities — Authorized and Unissued

At December 31, 2002, DTE Energy had 5 million shares of preferred stock without par value authorized, with no shares issued. Of such amount, 1.6 million shares are reserved for issuance in accordance with the Shareholders’ Rights Plan.

At December 31, 2002, Detroit Edison had 6.75 million shares of preferred stock with a par value of $100 per share and 30 million shares of preference stock with a par value of $1 per share authorized, with no shares issued.

At December 31, 2002, Enterprises had 25 million shares of preferred stock without par value authorized, with no shares issued.

At December 31, 2002, MichCon had 7 million shares of preferred stock with a par value of $1 per share and 4 million shares of preference stock with a par value of $1 per share authorized, with no shares issued.

NOTE 12 — LONG-TERM DEBT

Our long-term debt outstanding and weighted average interest rates of debt outstanding at December 31 were:

                   
      2002     2001  
     
   
 
(in Millions)                
DTE Energy Debt, Unsecured
               
 
6.7% due 2004 to 2038
  $ 1,948     $ 1,748  
Detroit Edison Taxable Debt, Principally Secured
               
 
6.3% due 2003 to 2034
    1,812       1,548  
Detroit Edison Tax Exempt Revenue Bonds
               
 
5.8% due 2004 to 2032
    1,208       1,144  
MichCon Taxable Debt, principally secured
               
 
6.7% due 2003 to 2039
    775       797  
Quarterly Income Debt Securities
               
 
7.5% due 2026 to 2028
    385       385  
Non-Recourse Debt
               
 
8.1% due 2003 to 2017
    119       196  
Other Long-Term Debt
    329       503  
 
 
   
 
 
    6,576       6,321  
Less amount due within one year
    (920 )     (429 )
 
 
   
 
 
  $ 5,656     $ 5,892  
 
 
   
 
Securitization Bonds
  $ 1,673     $ 1,746  
Less amount due within one year
    (88 )     (73 )
 
 
   
 
 
  $ 1,585     $ 1,673  
 
 
   
 
Equity-Linked Securities
  $ 191     $  
 
 
   
 

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During 2002 and 2001, we issued and repurchased long-term debt consisting of the following:

2002

  Issued $200 million of DTE Energy senior notes bearing interest at 6.65 % and maturing in 2009
 
  Issued $172.5 million of DTE Energy equity-linked debt securities as subsequently discussed
 
  Issued $225 million of Detroit Edison senior notes bearing interest at 5.20 % and maturing in 2012
 
  Issued $225 million of Detroit Edison senior notes bearing interest at 6.35 % and maturing in 2032
 
  Issued $64 million of Detroit Edison tax exempt bonds bearing interest at 5.45% and issued $56 million of Detroit Edison tax exempt bonds bearing interest at 5.25%, both maturing in 2032.

2001

  Issued $1.35 billion of DTE Energy debt in three series to finance the cash consideration of the MCN Energy acquisition

    $250 million of 6.00% senior notes due 2004
 
    $500 million of 6.45% senior notes due 2006
 
    $600 million of 7.05% senior notes due 2011

  Issued $1.75 billion of Securitization Bonds by the Securitization LLC
 
  Issued $200 million of MichCon senior secured notes bearing interest at 6.125% and maturing in 2008
 
  Redeemed $1.3 billion of Detroit Edison debt, of which $1.1 billion represented unscheduled redemptions
 
  Repurchased $40 million of MichCon mortgage bonds, due 2021
 
  Entered into a Detroit Edison financing arrangement for certain equipment with a value of approximately $90 million. The arrangement has an implicit interest rate of 7.6% with a term of approximately nine years.

In the years 2003 — 2007, our long-term debt maturities are $1 billion, $464 million, $512 million, $685 million and $178 million, respectively.

Remarketable Securities

At December 31, 2002, $914 million of notes were subject to periodic remarketings, $575 million of which will take place in 2003. Amounts that will be remarketed in 2003 are included in the current portion of long-term debt. We direct the remarketing agents to remarket these securities at lowest interest rate necessary to produce a par bid. In the event that a remarketing fails, we would be required to purchase these securities.

Quarterly Income Debt Securities (QUIDS)

Each series of QUIDS provides that interest will be paid quarterly. However, Detroit Edison has the right to extend the interest payment period on the QUIDS for up to 20 consecutive interest payment periods. Interest would continue to accrue during the deferral period. If this right is exercised, Detroit Edison may not declare or pay dividends on, or redeem, purchase or acquire, any of its capital stock during the deferral period.

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Equity-Linked Securities

In June 2002, we issued 6.9 million equity security units with gross proceeds from the issuance of $172.5 million. An equity security unit consists of a stock purchase contract and a senior note of DTE Energy. Under the stock purchase contracts, we will sell, and equity security unit holders must buy, shares of DTE Energy common stock in August 2005 for $172.5 million. The issue price per share and the exact number of common shares to be sold is dependent on the market value of a share in August 2005. The issue price will be not less than $43.25 or more than $51.90 per common share, with the corresponding number of shares issued of not more than 4.0 million or less than 3.3 million shares. We are also obligated to pay the security unit holders a quarterly contract adjustment payment at an annual rate of 4.15% of the stated amount until the purchase contract settlement date. We have recorded the present value of the contract adjustment payments of $26 million in long-term debt with an offsetting reduction in shareholders’ equity. The liability is reduced as the contract adjustment payments are made.

Each senior note has a stated value of $25, pays an annual interest rate of 4.60% and matures in August 2007. The senior notes are pledged as collateral to secure the security unit holders’ obligation to purchase DTE Energy common stock under the stock purchase contracts. The security unit holders may satisfy their obligations under the stock purchase contracts by allowing the senior notes to be remarketed with proceeds being paid to DTE Energy as consideration for the purchase of stock under the stock purchase contracts. Alternatively, holders may choose to continue holding the senior notes and use cash as consideration for the purchase of stock under the stock purchase contracts.

Net proceeds from the equity security unit issuance totaled $167 million. Expenses incurred in connection with this issuance totaled $5.6 million and were allocated between the senior notes and the stock purchase contracts. The amount allocated to the senior notes was deferred and will be recognized as interest expense over the term of the notes. The amount allocated to the purchase contracts was charged to equity.

Cross Default Provisions

Substantially all of the net utility properties of Detroit Edison and MichCon are subject to the lien of mortgages. Should Detroit Edison or MichCon fail to timely pay their indebtedness under these mortgages, such failure will create cross defaults in substantially all of their respective indebtedness.

NOTE 13 — SHORT-TERM CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS AND BORROWINGS

In October 2002, we entered into a $470 million, 364-day revolving facility and a $230 million, three-year revolving facility. These credit facilities can be used for general corporate purposes, but are primarily intended to provide liquidity for our commercial paper program. Important aspects of these agreements require us to maintain a debt to total capitalization ratio of not more than .65 to 1, and a “earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization” to interest ratio of no less than 2 to 1. Detroit Edison and MichCon entered into similar revolving credit facilities. Detroit Edison has a $135 million, 364-day facility and a $65 million, three-year facility. MichCon has a $200 million, 364-day facility and a $100 million, three-year facility. A delinquency greater than $25 million by either Detroit Edison or MichCon to any creditor will be considered a default under DTE Energy’s credit agreements. Commercial paper and borrowings outstanding were $414 million at December 31, 2002.

The weighted average interest rates for short-term borrowings were 1.7% and 2.8% at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

Detroit Edison has a $200 million short-term financing agreement secured by customer accounts receivable and unbilled revenues. There were no outstanding amounts under this financing agreement at December 31, 2002 and 2001.

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NOTE 14 — CAPITAL AND OPERATING LEASES

Lessee — We lease various assets under capital and operating leases, including lake vessels, locomotives, coal cars, office buildings, a parking facility, a warehouse, computers, vehicles and other equipment. The lease arrangements expire at various dates through 2022 with renewal options extending beyond that date. Portions of the office buildings and parking facility are subleased to tenants.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable leases at December 31, 2002 were:

                 
    Capital     Operating  
    Leases     Leases  
   
   
 
(in Millions)                
2003
  $ 16     $ 40  
2004
    12       40  
2005
    12       40  
2006
    14       37  
2007
    11       34  
2008 and thereafter
    62       137  
 
 
   
 
Total minimum lease payments
    127     $ 328  
 
         
 
Less imputed interest
    (36 )        
 
 
     
Present value of net minimum lease payments
    91          
Less current portion
    (9 )        
 
 
     
Non-current portion
  $ 82          
 
 
     

Total minimum lease payments for operating leases have not been reduced by future minimum sublease rentals totaling $17 million under non-cancelable subleases expiring at various dates to 2019.

Rental expenses for operating leases was $40 million in 2002, $19 million in 2001 and $13 million in 2000.

Lessor — MichCon leases a portion of its pipeline system to the Vector Pipeline Partnership through a capital lease contract that expires in 2020, with renewal options extending for five years. The components of the net investment in the capital lease at December 31, 2002 were as follows:

         
(in Millions)        
2003
  $ 9  
2004
    9  
2005
    9  
2006
    9  
2007
    9  
Thereafter
    116  
 
 
 
Total minimum future lease receipts
    161  
Residual value of leased pipeline
    40  
Less — unearned income
    (117 )
 
 
 
Net investment in capital lease
    84  
Less — current portion
    (1 )
 
 
 
 
  $ 83  
 
 
 

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NOTE 15 — FINANCIAL AND OTHER DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

In 1998, FASB issued SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” SFAS No. 133, establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities. Listed below are important SFAS No. 133 requirements:

  All derivative instruments must be recognized as assets or liabilities and measured at fair value, unless they meet the “normal purchases and sales” exemption.
 
  The accounting for changes in fair value depends upon the purpose of the derivative instrument and whether it is designated as a hedge and qualifies for hedge accounting.
 
  Special accounting is allowed for a derivative instrument qualifying as a hedge and designated as a hedge for the variability of cash flow associated with a forecasted transaction. Gain or loss associated with the effective portion of the hedge is recorded in other comprehensive income. The ineffective portion is recorded to earnings. Amounts recorded in other comprehensive income will be reclassified to net income when the forecasted transaction affects earnings.
 
  If a cash flow hedge is discontinued because it is unlikely the forecasted transaction will not occur, net gains or losses are immediately recorded into earnings.
 
  Special accounting is allowed for a derivative instrument qualifying as a hedge and designated as a hedge of the changes in fair value of an existing asset, liability or firm commitment. Gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recorded into earnings. The gain or loss on the underlying asset, liability or firm commitment is also recorded into earnings.

SFAS No. 133 requires that as of the date of initial adoption, the difference between the fair value of derivative instruments and the previous carrying amount of those derivatives be reported in net income or other comprehensive income as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.

In 2001 we adopted SFAS No. 133. The financial statement impact of recording the various SFAS No. 133 transactions at January 1, 2001 was as follows:

           
      Increase  
(in Millions)   (Decrease)  
 
 
Financial Statement Line Item
       
Assets from risk management and trading activities
  $ 26  
Liabilities from risk management and trading activities
  $ 85  
Deferred income taxes payable
  $ (20 )
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle:
       
 
Other comprehensive loss
  $ 42  
 
Net income
  $ 3  

Our primary market risk exposure is associated with commodity prices and interest rates. We have risk management policies to monitor and decrease market risks. We use derivative instruments to manage some of the exposure. Except for the activities of the Energy Marketing & Trading segment, we do not hold or issue derivative instruments for trading purposes. The fair value of all derivatives is shown as “assets or liabilities from risk management and trading activities” in the consolidated statement of financial position.

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Credit Risk

We are exposed to credit risk if customers or counterparties do not comply with their contractual obligations. We maintain credit policies that significantly minimize overall credit risk. These policies include an evaluation of potential customers’ and counterparties’ financial condition, credit rating, collateral requirements or other credit enhancements such as letters of credit or guarantees. We use standardized agreements that allow the netting of positive and negative transactions associated with a single counterparty.

Interest Rate Risk

During 2000, we entered into a series of interest rate swaps and treasury locks to limit our sensitivity to market interest rate risk associated with the issuance of long-term debt used to acquire MCN Energy. Such instruments were designated as cash flow hedges. In the first quarter of 2001, a loss of approximately $5 million was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into earnings. We made this decision since it was probable that certain transactions associated with the issuance of long-term debt would not occur within the originally anticipated time frame. This loss was reported as a component of interest expense in the consolidated statement of operations. In 2001, we issued long-term debt and terminated these hedges at a cost of $83 million. The corresponding loss on these instruments is included in other comprehensive loss. During the next 30 years, amounts recorded in other comprehensive loss will be reclassified to interest expense as the related interest affects earnings. In 2003 we estimate reclassifying $10 million of losses into interest expense.

Commodity Price Risk

Regulated Operations

Detroit Edison uses forward energy, capacity, and futures contracts to manage changes in the price of electricity and natural gas. Certain contracts have been designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted purchases of power and natural gas. For the year ended December 31, 2002, Detroit Edison recorded a loss of $0.7 million, net of tax, in other comprehensive loss for these hedges. Amounts recorded in other comprehensive income will be reclassified to fuel, purchased power and gas expense as the forecasted purchases of electricity and natural gas affect earnings. During 2003 we estimate $2.1 million of existing losses will be reclassified to fuel, purchased power and gas expense. Two years is the maximum length of time Detroit Edison is hedging exposure to the variability of future cash flows. Ineffectiveness recognized in hedging relationships was immaterial for the year ended December 31, 2002.

In 2001, the FASB provided additional guidance on SFAS No. 133 for certain contracts in the power generation industry. In particular, issue No. C15, “Scope Exceptions: Normal Purchases and Normal Sales Exception for Option-Type Contracts and Forward Contracts in Electricity.” Since electricity cannot be readily stored in significant quantities, and the entity engaged in selling electricity is obligated to maintain sufficient capacity to meet the needs of customers, the FASB concluded an option contract for the purchase of electricity meeting certain criteria is eligible for the normal purchases and sales exception. Detroit Edison adopted this new guidance on July 1, 2001, classified certain contracts as normal, and began amortizing the previously recorded liability on option-like contracts over their remaining lives. Later in 2001, the FASB issued additional revisions to issue No. C15 which were effective in April 2002. The revised guidance differentiates traditional capacity contracts used by electric utilities to meet electric load and financial options on electricity. Traditional capacity contracts are eligible for settlement accounting under the normal purchases and sales exception. Financial options on electricity are not eligible for settlement accounting. Financial options on electricity are recorded at fair value on the statement of financial position using mark-to-market accounting. Certain of Detroit Edison’s forward electric contracts are considered “normal purchases and sales” and therefore are excluded from the scope of SFAS No. 133.

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MichCon has firm-priced contracts for a substantial portion of its expected gas supply requirements through 2003. These contracts are designated and qualify for the “normal purchases” exception under SFAS No.133. Accordingly, MichCon does not account for such contracts as derivatives.

Non-Regulated Operations

Energy Marketing & Trading markets and trades wholesale electricity and natural gas physical products, trades financial instruments, and provides risk management services utilizing energy commodity derivative instruments. Forwards, futures, options and swap agreements are used to manage exposure to the risk of market price and volume fluctuations on its operations. This risk minimization strategy is being accounted for by marking to market its commodity forwards and financial derivatives so they substantially offset. This fair value accounting better aligns financial reporting with the way the business is managed and its performance measured. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from marking to market commodity-related physical and financial derivatives utilized in trading operations are recorded as adjustments to revenues.

Although Energy Marketing & Trading attempts to maintain a balanced or flat book from an economic standpoint, it will experience earnings volatility as a result of its gas inventory and related hedges. Gas inventory does not qualify for mark to market accounting under generally accepted accounting principles.

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

The fair value of financial instruments is determined by using various market data and other valuation techniques. The table below shows the fair value relative to the carrying value for long-term debt and preferred securities:

                                 
    2002   2001
   
 
    Fair Value   Carrying Value   Fair Value   Carrying Value
   
 
 
 
Long-Term Debt
  $8.9 billion   $8.2 billion   $8.2 billion   $8.1 billion
Preferred Securities
  $291 million   $271 million   $283 million   $274 million

NOTE 16 — COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Personal Property Taxes

Detroit Edison, MichCon and other Michigan utilities have asserted that Michigan’s valuation tables result in the substantial overvaluation of utility personal property. Valuation tables established by the Michigan State Tax Commission (STC) are used to determine the taxable value of personal property based on the property’s age. In November 1999, the STC approved new valuation tables that more accurately recognize the value of a utility’s personal property. The new tables became effective in 2000 and are currently used to calculate property tax expense. However, several local taxing jurisdictions have taken legal action attempting to prevent the STC from implementing the new valuation tables and have continued to prepare assessments based on the superseded tables. The legal actions regarding the appropriateness of the new tables were before the Michigan Tax Tribunal (MTT) which, in April 2002, issued its decision essentially affirming the validity of the STC’s new tables. In June 2002, petitioners in the case filed an appeal of the MTT’s decision with the Michigan Court of Appeals. The Michigan Court of Appeals has not yet issued a decision on this appeal.

Detroit Edison and MichCon record property tax expense based on the new tables. Detroit Edison and MichCon will seek to apply the new tables retroactively and to ultimately settle the pending tax appeals related to 1997 through 1999. This is a solution supported by the STC in the past. The legal action, along with possible additional appeals by local taxing jurisdictions, is expected to delay any recoveries by Detroit Edison and MichCon.

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Energy Gas Environmental Matters

Prior to the construction of major natural gas pipelines, gas for heating and other uses was manufactured from processes involving coal, coke or oil. Enterprises (MichCon and Citizens) owns, or previously owned, 17 such former manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites.

During the mid-1980’s, Enterprises conducted preliminary environmental investigations at former MGP sites, and some contamination related to the by-products of gas manufacturing was discovered at each site. The existence of these sites and the results of the environmental investigations have been reported to the MDEQ. None of these former MGP sites is on the National Priorities List prepared by the EPA.

Enterprises completed the administrative proceeding before the EPA regarding one of the former MGP sites. The site received closure from the EPA in 2002. Enterprises is remediating seven of the former MGP sites and conducting more extensive investigations at five other former MGP sites. In 1998, Enterprises received state closure of one of the former MGP sites. Additionally, the MDEQ has determined with respect to two other former MGP sites that Enterprises is not a responsible party for the purpose of assessing remediation expenditures. In September 2001, Enterprises was advised of one additional MGP site for which it has some responsibility. After review of the extent of the necessary environmental clean-up required, remediation costs for this site are not expected to exceed $500,000.

In 1984, Enterprises established a $12 million reserve for environmental investigation and remediation. During 1993, MichCon received MPSC approval of a cost deferral and rate recovery mechanism for investigation and remediation costs incurred at former MGP sites in excess of this reserve.

Enterprises employed outside consultants to evaluate remediation alternatives for these sites, to assist in estimating its potential liabilities and to review its archived insurance policies. The findings of these investigations indicate that the estimated total expenditures for investigation and remediation activities for these sites could range from $30 million to $170 million based on undiscounted 1995 costs. As a result of these studies, Enterprises accrued an additional liability and a corresponding regulatory asset of $35 million during 1995.

During 2002, Enterprises spent $3 million investigating and remediating these former MGP sites. At December 31, 2002, the reserve balance was $22 million of which $5 million was classified as current. Any significant change in assumptions, such as remediation techniques, nature and extent of contamination and regulatory requirements, could impact the estimate of remedial action costs for the sites and, therefore, have an effect on the company’s financial position and cash flows. However, we believe the cost deferral and rate recovery mechanism approved by the MPSC will prevent environmental costs from having a material adverse impact on our results of operations.

Commitments

Detroit Edison has an Energy Purchase Agreement to purchase steam and electricity from the Greater Detroit Resource Recovery Authority (GDRRA). Under the Agreement, Detroit Edison will purchase steam through 2008 and electricity through June 2024. In 1996, a special charge to income was recorded that included a reserve for steam purchase commitments in excess of replacement costs from 1997 through 2008. The reserve for steam purchase commitments is being amortized to fuel, purchased power and gas expense with non-cash accretion expense being recorded through 2008. In 2001, due to changes in estimated future replacement costs we reduced the reserve for future steam purchase commitments by $22 million. We purchased $37 million of steam and electricity in 2002, $41 million in 2001 and $35 million in 2000. We estimate annual steam and electric purchase commitments from 2003 until 2007 will not exceed $46 million per year. As discussed in Note 4 — Acquisitions and Dispositions, in January 2003, we sold the steam heating business of Detroit Edison to Thermal Ventures II, LLP. Due to terms of

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the sale, Detroit Edison will remain contractually obligated to GDRRA until 2008 and will also record an additional liability of $20 million for future commitments.

The EPA has issued ozone transport regulations and final new air quality standards relating to ozone and particulate air pollution. In September 1998, the EPA issued a State Implementation Plan (SIP) call giving states a year to develop new regulations to limit nitrogen oxide emissions because of their contribution to ozone formation. Detroit Edison has spent approximately $460 million through December 2002 and estimates that it will incur approximately $300 million to $400 million of future capital expenditures over the next five to eight years. In March 2000, the U.S. Court of Appeals ruled in favor of the EPA’s SIP call regulations. The new air quality standards have been upheld in legal challenges in the U.S. Court of Appeals, but the U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to hear the appeal. Until the legal issues are resolved, management is unable to predict the full impact of the new air quality standards. Under the June 2000 Michigan restructuring legislation, beginning January 1, 2004, annual return of and on this capital expenditure, in excess of current depreciation levels, would be deferred in ratemaking, until after the expiration of the rate cap period, presently expected to end December 31, 2005.

In 1997, Enterprises’ 50%-owned partnership, Washington 10, entered into a leveraged lease transaction to finance the conversion of a depleted natural gas reservoir into a 42.5 Bcf storage facility. The storage facility began operations in mid-1999 and cost $160 million to develop. Enterprises has entered into a contract with Washington 10 to market 100% of the capacity of the storage field through 2029. Under the terms of the marketing contract, Enterprises is obligated to generate sufficient revenues to cover Washington 10’s lease payments and certain operating costs, which average approximately $15 million annually.

To ensure a reliable supply of natural gas at competitive prices, Enterprises has entered into long-term purchase and transportation contracts with various suppliers and producers. In general, purchases are under fixed price and volume contracts or formulas based on market prices. Enterprises has firm purchase commitments through 2010 for approximately 392 Bcf of gas. Enterprises expects that sales, based on warmer-than-normal weather, will exceed its minimum purchase commitments. Enterprises has long-term transportation and storage contracts with various companies expiring on various dates through the year 2016. Enterprises is also committed to pay demand charges of approximately $69 million during 2003 related to firm purchase and transportation agreements.

We have also entered into long-term fuel supply commitments of approximately $450 million at December 31, 2002. We estimate that 2003 base level capital expenditures will be $850 million. We have made commitments in connection with expected capital expenditures.

Other Contingencies

We purchase and sell electricity, gas and coke to numerous companies operating in the steel, automotive, energy and retail industries. During 2002 and 2001, a number of customers have filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, including certain Enron Corporation affiliates, National Steel Company and Bethlehem Steel Company. At December 31, 2002, we had approximately $65 million of accounts receivable and approximately $40 million of accounts payable with these bankrupt companies. We regularly review contingent matters relating to purchase and sale contracts and record provisions for amounts considered probable of loss. We believe our previously accrued amounts are adequate for probable losses. The final resolution of these matters is not expected to have a material effect on our financial statements in the period they are resolved.

We are involved in certain legal (including commercial matters), administrative and environmental proceedings before various courts, arbitration panels and governmental agencies concerning claims arising in the ordinary course of business. These proceedings include certain contract disputes, environmental reviews and investigations, and pending judicial matters. We cannot predict the final disposition of such proceedings. We regularly review legal matters and record provisions for claims that

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are considered probable of loss. The resolution of pending proceedings is not expected to have a material effect on our financial statements in the period they are resolved.

See Note 6 and Note 7 for a discussion of contingencies related to Regulatory Matters and Nuclear Operations.

NOTE 17 — RETIREMENT BENEFITS AND TRUSTEED ASSETS

Qualified Pension Plan Benefits

We have defined benefit retirement plans for eligible union and nonunion employees. Prior to December 31, 2001, we had three separate defined benefit retirement plans. Effective December 31, 2001, two of the defined benefit retirement plans merged into one plan. All of the plans are noncontributory, cover substantially all employees and provide retirement benefits based on the employees’ years of benefit service, average final compensation and age at retirement. In addition, one plan also offers cash balance benefits based on annual employer contributions and interest credits. Our policy is to fund pension costs by contributing the minimum amount required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, and additional amounts we deem appropriate.

Net pension cost (credit) for the years ended December 31 includes the following components:

                           
      2002     2001     2000  
     
   
   
 
(in Millions)                        
Service Cost
  $ 43     $ 40     $ 35  
Interest Cost
    162       140       107  
Expected Return on Plan Assets
    (223 )     (193 )     (139 )
Amortization of
                       
 
Net loss
    2              
 
Prior service cost
    9       10       10  
 
Net transition asset
    (2 )     (5 )     (4 )
Special Termination Benefits (Note 5)
          167        
 
 
   
   
 
Net Pension Cost (Credit)
  $ (9 )   $ 159     $ 9  
 
 
   
   
 

The following table reconciles the obligations, assets and funded status of the plans as well as the amounts recognized as prepaid pension cost or pension liability in the consolidated statement of financial position at December 31:

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      2002     2001  
     
   
 
(in Millions)                
Accumulated Benefit Obligation at the End of the Period
  $ 2,299     $ 2,023  
 
 
   
 
Projected Benefit Obligation at the Beginning of the Period
  $ 2,219     $ 1,540  
Service Cost
    43       40  
Interest Cost
    162       140  
Actuarial Loss
    235       103  
Special Termination Benefits (Note 5)
          167  
Benefits Paid
    (160 )     (206 )
MCN Energy Acquisition
          481  
Plan Amendments
          (46 )
 
 
   
 
Projected Benefit Obligation at the End of the Period
  $ 2,499     $ 2,219  
 
 
   
 
Plan Assets at Fair Value at the Beginning of the Period
  $ 2,183     $ 1,416  
Actual Return on Plan Assets
    (213 )     (36 )
Company Contributions
    35       35  
Benefits Paid
    (160 )     (206 )
MCN Energy Acquisition
          974  
 
 
   
 
Plan Assets at Fair Value at the End of the Period
  $ 1,845     $ 2,183  
 
 
   
 
Funded Status of the Plans
  $ (654 )   $ (36 )
Unrecognized Net loss
    1,080       442  
 
Prior service cost
    54       31  
 
Net transition asset
          (2 )
 
 
   
 
Net Amount Recognized
  $ 480     $ 435  
 
 
   
 
Amount Recorded as:
               
Prepaid Pension Assets
  $ 172     $ 435  
Accrued Pension Liability
    (531 )      
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
    785        
Intangible Asset
    54        
 
 
   
 
 
  $ 480     $ 435  
 
 
   
 

Assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligation at December 31 are listed below:

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
Discount rate
    6.75 %     7.25 %     7.5 %
Annual increase in future compensation levels
    4.0 %     4.0 %     4.0 %
Expected long-term rate of return on Plan assets
    9.0 %     9.5 %     9.5 %

In December 2002, we recognized an additional minimum pension liability as required under SFAS No. 87, “Employers’ Accounting for Pensions.” An additional pension liability may be required when the accumulated benefit obligation of the plan exceeds the fair value of plan assets. Under SFAS No. 87, we recorded an additional minimum pension liability of $839 million, ($531 million after netting the previously recognized prepaid pension asset associated with the non union plan), an intangible asset of $54 million and an other comprehensive loss of $785 million ($510 million after tax).

In January 2003, we made a $222 million cash contribution to our defined benefit retirement plans.

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We also sponsor defined contribution retirement savings plans. Participation in one of these plans is available to substantially all union and nonunion employees. We match employee contributions up to certain predefined limits based upon eligible compensation and in certain plans, years of credited service. The cost of these plans was $25 million in 2002, $26 million in 2001 and $22 million in 2000.

Nonqualified Pension Benefit Plans

We maintain three supplemental nonqualified, noncontributory, retirement benefit plans for selected management employees. These plans provide for benefits that supplement those provided by DTE Energy’s other retirement plans.

Net pension cost for the years ended December 31 includes the following components:

                           
      2002     2001     2000  
     
   
   
 
(in Millions)                        
Service Cost
  $ 1     $ 1     $ 1  
Interest Cost
    3       2       1  
Amortization of
                       
 
Net loss
    1              
 
Prior service cost
    1       1       1  
Special Termination Benefits (Note 5)
          6        
 
 
   
   
 
Net Pension Cost
  $ 6     $ 10     $ 3  
 
 
   
   
 

The table below reconciles the obligations, assets and funded status of the plans as well as the amounts recognized as an accrued pension liability in the consolidated statement of financial position at December 31:

                   
      2002     2001  
     
   
 
(in Millions)                
Accumulated Benefit Obligation at the End of the Period
  $ 49     $ 39  
 
 
   
 
Projected Benefit Obligation at the Beginning of the Period
  $ 42     $ 22  
Service Cost
    1       1  
Interest Cost
    3       2  
Actuarial Loss
    7       2  
Special Termination Benefits (Note 5)
          6  
Benefits Paid
    (3 )     (4 )
MCN Energy Acquisition
          13  
 
 
   
 
Projected Benefit Obligation at the End of the Period
  $ 50     $ 42  
 
 
   
 
Plan Assets at Fair Value at the Beginning of the Period
  $     $  
Company Contributions
    3       4  
Benefits Paid
    (3 )     (4 )
 
 
   
 
Plan Assets at Fair Value at the End of the Period
  $     $  
 
 
   
 
Funded Status of the Plans
  $ (50 )   $ (42 )
Unrecognized
               
 
Net loss
    12       6  
 
Prior service cost
    3       4  
 
 
   
 
Net Amount Recognized
  $ (35 )   $ (32 )
 
 
   
 
Amount Recorded as:
               
Accrued Pension Liability
  $ (51 )   $ (32 )
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
    13        
Intangible Asset
    3        
 
 
   
 
 
  $ (35 )   $ (32 )
 
 
   
 

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Assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligation at December 31 are listed below:

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
Discount rate
    6.75 %     7.25 %     7.5 %
Annual increase in future compensation levels
    4.0 %     4.0 %     4.0 %

Under SFAS No. 87, we recorded an additional minimum pension liability of $16 million, an intangible asset of $3 million and an other comprehensive loss of $13 million ($8 million after tax).

Other Postretirement Benefits

We provide certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits for some employees who may become eligible for these benefits while working for us.

Net postretirement cost for the years ended December 31 includes the following components:

                           
      2002     2001     2000  
(in Millions)  
   
   
 
Service Cost
  $ 30     $ 27     $ 22  
Interest Cost
    78       67       48  
Expected Return on Plan Assets
    (59 )     (57 )     (46 )
Amortization of
                       
 
Net loss
    3       1        
 
Prior service cost
    (1 )            
 
Net transition obligation
    19       20       20  
Special Termination Benefits (Note 5)
          46        
 
 
   
   
 
Net Postretirement Cost
  $ 70     $ 104     $ 44  
 
 
   
   
 

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The table below reconciles the obligations, assets and funded status of the plans including amounts recorded as accrued postretirement cost in the consolidated statement of financial position at December 31:

                   
      2002     2001  
     
   
 
(in Millions)                
Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation at the Beginning of the Period
  $ 1,127     $ 751  
Service Cost
    30       27  
Interest Cost
    78       67  
Actuarial Loss
    326       62  
Special Termination Benefits (Note 5)
          46  
MCN Energy Acquisition
          236  
Plan Amendments
          (12 )
Benefits Paid
    (67 )     (50 )
 
 
   
 
Accumulated Postretirement Benefit Obligation at the End of the Period
  $ 1,494     $ 1,127  
 
 
   
 
Plan Assets at Fair Value at the Beginning of the Period
  $ 624     $ 517  
Actual Return on Plan Assets
    (60 )     (25 )
Company Contributions
    33       11  
Benefits Paid
    (60 )     (54 )
MCN Energy Acquisition
          175  
 
 
   
 
Plan Assets at Fair Value at the End of the Period
  $ 537     $ 624  
 
 
   
 
Funded Status of the Plans
  $ (957 )   $ (503 )
Unrecognized
               
 
Net loss
    641       187  
 
Prior service cost
    (7 )     (12 )
 
Net transition obligation
    191       226  
 
 
   
 
Accrued Postretirement Liability
  $ (132 )   $ (102 )
 
 
   
 

Assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligation at December 31 are listed below:

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
Discount rate
    6.75 %     7.25 %     7.5 %
Expected long-term rate of return on Plan assets
    9.0 %     9.5 %     9.0 %

Benefit costs were calculated assuming health care cost trend rates beginning at 10% for 2003 and decreasing to 5% in 2009 and thereafter for persons under age 65 and decreasing from 9% to 5% for persons age 65 and over. A one-percentage-point increase in health care cost trend rates would have increased the total service cost and interest cost components of benefit costs by $15 million. The accumulated benefit obligation would have increased by $118 million at December 31, 2002. A one-percentage-point decrease in the health care cost trend rates would have decreased the total service and interest cost components of benefit costs by $13 million and would have decreased the accumulated benefit obligation by $106 million at December 31, 2002.

In 2003, DTE Energy amended its postretirement health care and life insurance plans to reduce benefits, modify eligibility criteria and increase retiree co-pays. The changes reduced the postretirement benefit obligation by $85 million and the expected 2003 postretirement costs by $21 million. The reduction in postretirement benefit obligation and costs is not reflected in the previous tables.

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Grantor Trust

MichCon maintains a Grantor Trust that invests in life insurance contracts and income securities. Employees and retirees have no right, title or interest in the assets of the Grantor Trust, and MichCon can revoke the trust subject to providing the MPSC with prior notification.

NOTE 18 — STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The DTE Energy Company 2001 Stock Incentive Plan permits the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualifying stock options, stock awards, performance shares and performance units. A maximum of 18 million shares of common stock may be issued under the plan. Participants in the plan include our employees and Board members. As of December 31, 2002, no performance units have been granted under the plan.

Prior to 2001, stock options, stock awards and performance shares were issued under the Long-Term Incentive Plan adopted in 1995.

Options

Options are exercisable at a rate according to the terms of the individual stock option award agreements. The options will expire 10 years after the date of the grant. The option exercise price equals the fair value of the stock on the date that the option was granted. Stock option activity was as follows:

                   
              Weighted  
      Number of     Average  
      Options     Exercise Price  
     
   
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2000 (194,371 exercisable)
    999,075     $ 37.03  
 
Granted
    2,023,400     $ 32.12  
 
Exercised
    (10,750 )   $ 28.50  
 
Canceled
    (29,500 )   $ 41.14  
 
 
   
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2000 (442,431 exercisable)
    2,982,225     $ 33.69  
 
Granted
    2,775,341     $ 42.74  
 
Exercised
    (402,442 )   $ 32.31  
 
Canceled
    (73,500 )   $ 36.26  
 
 
   
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2001 (1,678,870 exercisable)
    5,281,624     $ 38.51  
 
Granted
    1,334,370     $ 42.08  
 
Exercised
    (678,715 )   $ 34.64  
 
Canceled
    (456,684 )   $ 38.74  
 
 
   
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2002 (2,285,323 exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $38.79)
    5,480,595     $ 39.87  
 
 
   
 

The range of exercise prices for options outstanding at December 31, 2002, was $27.62 to $46.74. The number, weighted average exercise price and weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding were as follows:

                         
                    Weighted  
            Weighted     Average  
Range of   Number of     Average     Remaining  
Exercise Prices   Options     Exercise Price     Contractual Life  

 
   
   
 
$27.62 - $38.04
    1,333,880     $ 31.83     6.86 years
$38.60 - $42.44
    2,267,814     $ 41.06     8.21 years
$42.60 - $44.54
    875,540     $ 42.68     8.36 years
$45.28 - $46.74
    1,003,361     $ 45.43     8.45 years
 
 
                 
 
    5,480,595     $ 39.87     7.95 years
 
 
                 

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We apply APB Opinion 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” Accordingly, no compensation expense has been recorded for options granted. As required by SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” we have determined fair value for these options at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes based option pricing model and the following assumptions:

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
Risk-free interest rate
    5.33 %     5.40 %     6.57 %
Dividend yield
    4.90 %     4.73 %     6.48 %
Expected volatility
    19.79 %     19.78 %     18.51 %
Expected life
  6 years   10 years   10 years
Fair value per option
  $ 6.25     $ 8.81     $ 5.19  

Stock Awards

Under the plan, stock awards are granted and restricted for varying periods which currently do not exceed four years. Participants have all rights of a shareholder with respect to a stock award, including the right to receive dividends and vote the shares; provided, that during such period (i) a participant may not sell, transfer, pledge, exchange or otherwise dispose of shares granted pursuant to a stock award; (ii) we shall retain custody of the certificates evidencing shares granted pursuant to a stock award; and (iii) the participant will deliver to us a stock power with respect to each stock award.

The stock awards are recorded at cost which approximates the market value on the date of grant. We account for stock awards as unearned compensation, which is recorded as a reduction to common stock. The cost is amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period. Stock award activity for the years ended December 31 was:

                         
    2002     2001     2000  
   
   
   
 
Restricted common shares awarded
    113,410       247,640       29,565  
Weighted average market price of shares awarded
  $ 42.92     $ 44.35     $ 32.00  
Compensation cost charged against income (in thousands)
  $ 4,101     $ 2,484     $ 1,130  

Performance Share Awards

Under the plan, performance shares are awards stated with reference to a specified number of shares of common stock that entitles the holder to receive a cash payment or shares of common stock or a combination thereof. The final value of the award is determined by the achievement of certain performance objectives, as defined in the plan. The awards vest as of the end of a specified period. Beginning with the grant date, we account for performance share awards by accruing an amount based on the following: (i) the number of shares expected to be awarded based on the probable achievement of certain performance objectives, (ii) the market value of the shares, and (iii) the vesting period. For 2002 and 2001, we accrued compensation expense related to performance share awards totaling $3.6 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

During the applicable restriction period, the recipient of a performance share award has no shareholder rights. However, recipients will be paid an amount equal to the dividend equivalent on such shares. Performance share awards are nontransferable and are subject to risk of forfeiture. As of December 31, 2002, there were 422,249 performance share awards outstanding.

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NOTE 19 — SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION

Beginning in 2002, we realigned our internal and external financial reporting structure into three strategic business units (Energy Resources, Energy Distribution and Energy Gas) that have both regulated and non-regulated operations. The balance of our business consists of Corporate & Other. Based on this structure we set strategic goals, allocate resources and evaluate performance. This results in the following nine reportable segments:

Energy Resources

  Regulated operations include the power generation services of Detroit Edison, the company’s electric utility. Electricity is generated from Detroit Edison’s numerous fossil plants or its nuclear plant and sold throughout Southeastern Michigan to residential, commercial, industrial and wholesale customers.
 
  Non-regulated

    Energy Services is comprised of various businesses that develop, acquire and manage energy-related assets and services. Such projects include coke production, synfuels production, on-site energy projects and merchant generation facilities.
 
    Energy Marketing & Trading consists of the electric and gas marketing and trading operations of DTE Energy Trading Company and the natural gas marketing and trading operations of DTE Enterprises, which was acquired as part of the MCN Energy acquisition. Energy Marketing & Trading enters into forwards, futures, swaps and option contracts as part of its trading strategy.
 
    Other non-regulated operations consist of businesses involved in coal services and landfill gas recovery.

Energy Distribution

  Regulated operations include the electric distribution services of Detroit Edison, and the electric transmission services of the ITC. Energy Distribution distributes electricity generated by Energy Resources to Detroit Edison’s 2.1 million residential, commercial and industrial customers.
 
  Non-regulated operations include businesses that market and distribute a broad portfolio of distributed generation products, provide application engineering, and monitor and manage system operations.

Energy Gas

  Regulated operations include gas distribution services provided by MichCon, the company’s gas utility that purchases, stores and distributes natural gas throughout Michigan to 1.2 million residential, commercial and industrial customers.
 
  Non-regulated operations include the exploration and production of gas and the gathering, processing and storing of gas. Certain pipeline and storage assets are primarily supported by the Energy Marketing & Trading segment.

Corporate & Other includes administrative and general expenses, and interest costs of DTE Energy corporate that have not been allocated to the regulated and non-regulated businesses. Corporate & Other also includes various other non-regulated operations, including investments in new emerging energy technologies.

Goodwill allocated to each segment was as follows at December 31, 2002:

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(in Millions)        
Energy Resources
       
 
Regulated — Power Generation
  $ 406  
 
 
 
 
Non-Regulated
       
     
Energy Services
    43  
     
Energy Marketing & Trading
    17  
     
Other
    7  
 
 
 
Total Non-Regulated
    67  
 
 
 
 
    473  
 
 
 
Energy Distribution
       
 
Regulated — Power Distribution & Transmission
    841  
 
Non-Regulated
    12  
 
 
 
 
    853  
 
 
 
Energy Gas
       
 
Regulated — Gas Distribution
    776  
 
Non-Regulated
    17  
 
 
 
 
    793  
 
 
 
Total
  $ 2,119  
 
 
 

The income tax provisions or benefits of DTE Energy’s subsidiaries are determined on an individual company basis and recognize the tax benefit of Section 29 tax credits and net operating losses. The subsidiaries record income tax payable to or receivable from DTE Energy resulting from the inclusion of its taxable income or loss in DTE Energy’s consolidated tax return. Inter-segment revenues are not material. Financial data of the business segments follows:

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(in Millions)                                                        
                  Depreciation,                                          
          Operating     Depletion &     Interest     Income     Net     Total     Capital  
  Revenue     Amortization     Expense     Taxes     Income     Assets     Expenditures  
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
2002
Energy Resources
                                                       
 
Regulated — Power Generation
  $ 2,711     $ 331     $ 184     $ 120     $ 241     $ 7,356     $ 395  
 
Non-Regulated
                                                       
     
Energy Services
    682       23       16       (264 )     182       1,536       130  
     
Energy Marketing & Trading
    681       3       15       13       25       822       -  
     
Other
    102       9       4       (19 )     7       256       8  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total Non-Regulated
    1,465       35       35       (270 )     214       2,614       138  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total Energy Resources
    4,176       366       219       (150 )     455       9,970       533  
Energy Distribution
                                                       
   
Regulated — Power Distribution & Transmission
    1,365       268       126       80       153       4,568       306  
   
Non-Regulated
    39       2       1       (9 )     (16 )     60       2  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    1,404       270       127       71       137       4,628       308  
Energy Gas
                                                       
 
Regulated — Gas Distribution
    1,369       104       57       36       66       2,467       93  
 
Non-Regulated
    87       19       6       14       26       427       32  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    1,456       123       63       50       92       2,894       125  
Corporate & Other
    16             211       (29 )     (52 )     2,437       18  
Reconciliation & Eliminations
    (303 )           (72 )     (1 )           (691 )     -  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total
  $ 6,749     $ 759     $ 548     $ (59 )   $ 632     $ 19,238     $ 984  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
2001
                                                       
Energy Resources
                                                       
Regulated — Power Generation
  $ 2,788     $ 385     $ 181     $ 83     $ 183     $ 7,260     $ 348  
 
Non-Regulated
                                                       
     
Energy Services
    434       36       22       (173 )     115       1,185       257  
     
Energy Marketing & Trading
    554       2       13       24       44       835        
     
Other
    143       10       5       (15 )     6       206        
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total Non-Regulated
    1,131       48       40       (164 )     165       2,226       257  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total Energy Resources
    3,919       433       221       (81 )     348       9,486       605  
Energy Distribution
                                                       
   
Regulated — Power Distribution & Transmission
    1,263       259       125       74       186       4,472       362  
   
Non-Regulated
    21       1       1       (6 )     (10 )     66       5  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    1,284       260       126       68       176       4,538       367  
Energy Gas
                                                       
 
Regulated — Gas Distribution
    615       61       34       (21 )     15       2,496       66  
 
Non-Regulated
    51       12       7       5       11       409       23  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    666       73       41       (16 )     26       2,905       89  
Corporate & Other
    11       29       113       (16 )     (14 )     2,401       35  
Merger and Restructuring Charges
                            (175 )            
MCN Energy Goodwill Amortization
                            (29 )            
Reconciliation & Eliminations
    (89 )           (33 )     (65 )           (449 )      
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total
  $ 5,791     $ 795     $ 468     $ (110 )   $ 332     $ 18,881     $ 1,096  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

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(in Millions)

                                                                 
                    Depreciation,                                          
            Operating     Depletion &     Interest     Income     Net     Total     Capital  
  Revenue     Amortization     Expense     Taxes     Income     Assets     Expenditures  
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
2000                                                                
Energy Resources
                                                       
 
Regulated — Power Generation
  $ 2,911     $ 468     $ 159     $ 120     $ 252     $ 7,085     $ 195  
 
Non-Regulated
                                                       
       
Energy Services
    338       29       28       (128 )     100       808       100  
       
Energy Marketing & Trading
    26                   5       10       468        
       
Other
    137       8       5       (21 )     (7 )     216       63  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total Non-Regulated
    501       37       33       (144 )     103       1,492       163  
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total Energy Resources
    3,412       505       192       (24 )     355       8,577       358  
Energy Distribution
                                                       
     
Regulated — Power Distribution & Transmission
    1,218       251       118       61       175       3,900       389  
   
Non-Regulated
    11       2       1       (6 )     (10 )     19        
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
    1,229       253       119       55       165       3,919       389  
Energy Gas
                                                       
 
Regulated — Gas Distribution
                                         
 
Non-Regulated
                                         
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
                                         
Corporate & Other
    6             91       (13 )     (36 )     909       2  
Merger and Restructuring Charges
                            (16 )            
Reconciliation & Eliminations
    (9 )           (66 )     (9 )           (749 )      
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Total
  $ 4,638     $ 758     $ 336     $ 9     $ 468     $ 12,656     $ 749  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 

NOTE 20 — SUPPLEMENTARY QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Quarterly earnings per share may not total for the years, since quarterly computations are based on weighted average common shares outstanding during each quarter.

                                                         
    First             Second     Third     Fourth                  
(in Millions, except per share amounts)   Quarter             Quarter     Quarter     Quarter     Year          
 
           
   
   
   
         
2002                                                        
Operating Revenues
  $ 1,896             $ 1,478     $ 1,636     $ 1,739     $ 6,749          
Operating Income
  $ 348             $ 199     $ 286     $ 272     $ 1,105          
Net Income
  $ 200             $ 68     $ 161     $ 203     $ 632          
Basic Earnings per Share
  $ 1.25             $ .42     $ .96     $ 1.22     $ 3.85          
Diluted Earnings per Share
  $ 1.24             $ .42     $ .96     $ 1.21     $ 3.83          
 
2001
Operating Revenues
  $ 1,161             $ 1,306     $ 1,585     $ 1,739     $ 5,791          
Operating Income (Loss)
  $ 244             $ (88 )   $ 212     $ 328     $ 696          
Net Income (Loss)
  $ 138 (1)   $ (87 )   $ 63     $ 218     $ 332 (1)
Basic Earnings (Loss) per Share
  $ .98 (1)   $ (.60 )   $ .38     $ 1.41     $ 2.17 (1)
Diluted Earnings (Loss) per Share
  $ .97 (1)   $ (.60 )   $ .38     $ 1.41     $ 2.16 (1)


(1)   2001 earnings were favorably impacted by $3 million or $.02 per share due to an accounting change.

NOTE 21 — SUBSEQUENT EVENT — DISPOSITION OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSMISSION COMPANY (UNAUDITED)

As discussed in Note 4 — Acquisitions and Dispositions, in December 2002, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell ITC for approximately $610 million in cash. The sale closed on February 28, 2003 upon approval of the agreement by the FERC and resolution of all other contingencies.

NOTE 22 — SUBSEQUENT EVENT — REGULATORY MATTERS — GAS INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING

As discussed in Note 6 — Regulatory Matters — Gas Industry Restructuring, in July 2002, an MPSC Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) issued a Proposal for Decision on MichCon’s 2002 GCR plan case. In that decision the ALJ recommended adoption of the MPSC Staff’s proposed $26.5 million reduction in gas cost due to MichCon’s decision to utilize storage gas during 2001 that resulted in a gas inventory decrement for the calendar year 2001. On March 12, 2003, the MPSC issued an order in MichCon’s 2002 GCR plan case. The MPSC ordered MichCon to reduce revenues by $26.5 million for purposes of calculating the 2002 GCR expense in the 2002 GCR reconciliation proceeding. Although we will reflect a $26.5 million reduction in revenues in the first quarter of 2003, a final determination of actual 2002 GCR revenue and expenses including any disallowances or adjustments will be decided in MichCon’s 2002 GCR reconciliation case.

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NOTE 23 — CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Debt securities issued by Enterprises are subject to a full and unconditional guaranty by DTE Energy. The following DTE Energy consolidating financial statements are presented and include separately Corporate & Other, Enterprises and all other subsidiaries. Enterprises includes MichCon and other non-regulated gas subsidiaries. The other subsidiaries include Detroit Edison and other non-regulated electric subsidiaries.

DTE ENERGY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

                                             
        Year Ended December 31, 2002  
       
 
        DTE                     Eliminations          
        Energy     DTE     Other     and     Consolidated  
        Company     Enterprises     Subsidiaries     Reclasses     Total  
       
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                                       
Operating Revenues
  $     $ 2,002     $ 5,085     $ (338 )   $ 6,749  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Operating Expenses
                                       
 
Fuel, purchased power and gas
          1,284       1,024       (209 )     2,099  
 
Operation and maintenance
    (90 )     334       2,298       (126 )     2,416  
 
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
          125       634             759  
 
Taxes other than income
          60       310             370  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total Operating Expenses
    (90 )     1,803       4,266       (335 )     5,644  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Operating Income
    90       199       819       (3 )     1,105  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Other Income and Deductions
                                       
 
Interest expense
    171       91       335       (49 )     548  
 
Preferred stock dividends of subsidiaries
          11       14             25  
 
Interest income
    (35 )     (14 )     (29 )     49       (29 )
 
Other income
    (663 )     (28 )     (34 )     663       (62 )
 
Other expense
    2       (1 )     51       (2 )     50  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total Other Income and Deductions
    (525 )     59       337       661       532  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Income Before Income Taxes
    615       140       482       (664 )     573  
Income Tax Provision (Benefit)
    (17 )     50       (91 )     (1 )     (59 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Net Income
  $ 632     $ 90     $ 573     $ (663 )   $ 632  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

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DTE ENERGY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

                                             
        Year Ended December 31, 2001  
       
 
        DTE                     Eliminations          
        Energy     DTE     Other     and     Consolidated  
        Company     Enterprises     Subsidiaries     Reclasses     Total  
       
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                                       
Operating Revenues
  $     $ 1,122     $ 4,741     $ (72 )   $ 5,791  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Operating Expenses
                                       
 
Fuel, purchased power and gas
          683       1,256       (20 )     1,919  
 
Operation and maintenance
    (65 )     197       1,721       (52 )     1,801  
 
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
          104       691             795  
 
Taxes other than income
          29       283             312  
 
Merger and restructuring charges
          82       186             268  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total Operating Expenses
    (65 )     1,095       4,137       (72 )     5,095  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Operating Income
    65       27       604             696  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Other Income and Deductions
                                       
 
Interest expense
    115       56       335       (38 )     468  
 
Preferred stock dividends of subsidiaries
          15                   15  
 
Interest income
    (43 )     (9 )     (8 )     38       (22 )
 
Other income
    (339 )     1       (53 )     331       (60 )
 
Other expense
    3       (1 )     71       3       76  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Total Other Income and Deductions
    (264 )     62       345       334       477  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes
    329       (35 )     259       (334 )     219  
Income Tax Benefit
    (3 )     (5 )     (102 )           (110 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Net Income (Loss) Before Accounting Change
    332       (30 )     361       (334 )     329  
Cumulative Effect of Accounting Change
                (3 )     6       3  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Net Income (Loss)
  $ 332     $ (30 )   $ 358     $ (328 )   $ 332  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

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DTE ENERGY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

                                             
        December 31, 2002  
       
 
        DTE                     Eliminations          
        Energy     DTE     Other     and     Consolidated  
        Company     Enterprises     Subsidiaries     Reclasses     Total  
       
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions, Except Shares)
                                       
ASSETS
                                       
Current Assets
                                       
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 21     $ 12     $ 100     $     $ 133  
 
Restricted cash
                237             237  
 
Accounts receivable
                                       
   
Customer, less allowance for doubtful accounts
          301       601             902  
   
Accrued unbilled revenues
          119       177             296  
   
Other
    778       150       436       (1,127 )     237  
 
Inventories
                                       
   
Fuel and gas
          219       194             413  
   
Materials and supplies
          19       144             163  
 
Assets from risk management and trading activities
          78       146             224  
 
Other
    22       118       21       (2 )     159  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    821       1,016       2,056       (1,129 )     2,764  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Investments
                                       
 
Nuclear decommissioning trust funds
                417             417  
 
Other
    6,313       436       577       (6,839 )     487  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    6,313       436       994       (6,839 )     904  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Property
                                       
 
Property, plant and equipment
          3,679       14,186       (3 )     17,862  
 
Less accumulated depreciation and depletion
          (2,051 )     (5,998 )           (8,049 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
          1,628       8,188       (3 )     9,813  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Other Assets
                                       
 
Goodwill
          2,080       39             2,119  
 
Regulatory assets
          45       1,152             1,197  
 
Securitized regulatory assets
                1,613             1,613  
 
Assets from risk management and trading activities
          133       19             152  
 
Prepaid pension assets
          172                   172  
 
Other
    11       189       306       (2 )     504  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    11       2,619       3,129       (2 )     5,757  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total Assets
  $ 7,145     $ 5,699     $ 14,367     $ (7,973 )   $ 19,238  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                       
Current Liabilities
                                       
 
Accounts payable
  $ 73     $ 307     $ 551     $ (284 )   $ 647  
 
Accrued interest
    17       18       83       (3 )     115  
 
Dividends payable
    86       1       76       (73 )     90  
 
Accrued payroll
          9       40             49  
 
Short-term borrowings
    440       450       274       (750 )     414  
 
Current portion of long-term debt, including capital leases
    400       259       359             1,018  
 
Liabilities from risk management and trading activities
          159       126       (1 )     284  
 
Other
    83       104       409             596  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    1,099       1,307       1,918       (1,111 )     3,213  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Other Liabilities
                                       
 
Deferred income taxes
    (339 )     (305 )     1,561       (1 )     916  
 
Regulatory liabilities
          142       37             179  
 
Unamortized investment tax credit
          22       146             168  
 
Liabilities from risk management and trading activities
          199       9             208  
 
Liabilities from transportation and storage contracts
          523                   523  
 
Accrued pension liability
          21       561             582  
 
Nuclear decommissioning
                416             416  
 
Other
    (104 )     146       1,032       (391 )     683  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    (443 )     748       3,762       (392 )     3,675  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Long-Term Debt
                                       
 
Mortgage bonds, notes and other
    1,733       738       3,371       (186 )     5,656  
 
Securitization bonds
                1,585             1,585  
 
Equity-linked securities
    191                           191  
 
Capital lease obligations
          2       80             82  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    1,924       740       5,036       (186 )     7,514  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Securities of Subsidiaries Holding Solely Debentures of DTE Energy or Enterprises
          97       174             271  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Shareholders’ Equity
                                       
 
Common stock, without par value, 400,000,000 shares authorized, 167,462,430 shares issued and outstanding
    3,052       3,191       2,711       (5,902 )     3,052  
 
Retained earnings
    2,132       (131 )     1,185       (1,054 )     2,132  
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (619 )     (253 )     (419 )     672       (619 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    4,565       2,807       3,477       (6,284 )     4,565  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 7,145     $ 5,699     $ 14,367     $ (7,973 )   $ 19,238  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

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DTE ENERGY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

                                             
        December 31, 2001  
       
 
        DTE                     Eliminations          
        Energy     DTE     Other     and     Consolidated  
        Company     Enterprises     Subsidiaries     Reclasses     Total  
       
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions, Except Shares)
                                       
ASSETS
                                       
Current Assets
                                       
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 8     $ 9     $ 251     $     $ 268  
 
Restricted cash
                157             157  
 
Accounts receivable Customer, less allowance for doubtful accounts
          246       499             745  
   
Accrued unbilled revenues
          112       130             242  
   
Other
    358       184       415       (696 )     261  
 
Inventories
Fuel and gas
          143       202             345  
   
Materials and supplies
          21       139             160  
 
Assets from risk management and trading activities
          133       62       (4 )     191  
 
Other
    25       82       3             110  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    391       930       1,858       (700 )     2,479  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Investments
                                       
 
Nuclear decommissioning trust funds
                417             417  
 
Other
    6,466       366       448       (6,655 )     625  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    6,466       366       865       (6,655 )     1,042  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Property
                                       
 
Property, plant and equipment
          3,590       13,486       (3 )     17,073  
 
Less accumulated depreciation and depletion
          (1,934 )     (5,590 )           (7,524 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
          1,656       7,896       (3 )     9,549  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Other Assets
                                       
 
Goodwill
          1,968       35             2,003  
 
Regulatory assets
          45       1,144             1,189  
 
Securitized regulatory assets
                1,692             1,692  
 
Assets from risk management and trading activities
          142       8             150  
 
Prepaid pension assets
          329       106             435  
 
Other
    11       351       (21 )     1       342  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    11       2,835       2,964       1       5,811  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total Assets
  $ 6,868     $ 5,787     $ 13,583     $ (7,357 )   $ 18,881  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                                       
Current Liabilities
                                       
 
Accounts payable
  $ 266     $ 335     $ 711     $ (731 )   $ 581  
 
Accrued interest
    10       22       85             117  
 
Dividends payable
    83       1       74       (74 )     84  
 
Accrued payroll
          9       99             108  
 
Short-term borrowings
    425       666       287       (697 )     681  
 
Current portion of long-term debt, including capital leases
          212       305             517  
 
Liabilities from risk management and trading activities
          133       86       (3 )     216  
 
Other
    25       67       431             523  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    809       1,445       2,078       (1,505 )     2,827  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Other Liabilities
                                       
 
Deferred income taxes
    (208 )     (218 )     1,912             1,486  
 
Regulatory liabilities
          144       43             187  
 
Unamortized investment tax credit
          24       156             180  
 
Liabilities from risk management and trading activities
          302       8             310  
 
Liabilities from transportation and storage contracts
          373                   373  
 
Accrued pension liability
          16       16             32  
 
Nuclear decommissioning
                412             412  
 
Other
    (70 )     171       464       (8 )     557  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    (278 )     812       3,011       (8 )     3,537  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Long-Term Debt
                                       
 
Mortgage bonds, notes and other
    1,748       1,000       3,144             5,892  
 
Securitization bonds
                1,673             1,673  
 
Capital lease obligations
          2       87             89  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    1,748       1,002       4,904             7,654  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Obligated Mandatorily Redeemable Preferred Securities of Subsidiaries Holding Solely Debentures of DTE Energy or Enterprises
          274                   274  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Shareholders’ Equity
                                       
 
Common stock, without par value, 400,000,000 shares authorized, 161,133,959 shares issued and outstanding
    2,811       2,534       2,620       (5,154 )     2,811  
 
Retained earnings
    1,846       (212 )     994       (782 )     1,846  
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (68 )     (68 )     (24 )     92       (68 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
    4,589       2,254       3,590       (5,844 )     4,589  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 6,868     $ 5,787     $ 13,583     $ (7,357 )   $ 18,881  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

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DTE ENERGY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

                                             
        Year Ended December 31, 2002  
       
 
        DTE     DTE             Eliminations          
        Energy     Energy     Other     and     Consolidated  
        Company     Enterprises     Subsidiaries     Reclasses     Total  
       
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                                       
Net Cash From (Used For) Operating Activities
  $ 515     $ 228     $ 1,141     $ (910 )   $ 974  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Investing Activities
                       
 
Plant and equipment expenditures regulated
          (93 )     (701 )           (794 )
 
Plant and equipment expenditures non-regulated
          (32 )     (158 )           (190 )
 
Proceeds from sale of assets
          9       32             41  
 
Restricted cash for debt redemptions
                (79 )           (79 )
 
Capital contribution to subsidiary
    (200 )                 200        
 
Other investments
    (601 )     19       (436 )     925       (93 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Net cash from (used for) investing activities
    (801 )     (97 )     (1,342 )     1,125       (1,115 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Financing Activities
 
Issuance of long-term debt
    367             591             958  
 
Redemption of long-term debt
    (1 )     (213 )     (399 )           (613 )
 
Issuance of preferred securities
                180             180  
 
Redemption of preferred securities
          (180 )                 (180 )
 
Short-term borrowings, net
    15       66       (38 )     (310 )     (267 )
 
Capital lease obligations
          (1 )     (11 )           (12 )
 
Capital contribution by parent company
          200             (200 )      
 
Issuance of common stock, net
    265                         265  
 
Repurchase of common stock
    (9 )                       (9 )
 
Capital additions from synfuel partners
                22             22  
 
Dividends on common stock
    (338 )           (295 )     295       (338 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Net cash from financing activities
    299       (128 )     50       (215 )     6  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    13       3       (151 )           (135 )
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period
    8       9       251             268  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period
  $ 21     $ 12     $ 100     $     $ 133  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

DTE ENERGY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

                                             
        Year Ended December 31, 2001  
       
 
        DTE     DTE             Eliminations          
        Energy     Energy     Other     and     Consolidated  
        Company     Enterprises     Subsidiaries     Reclasses     Total  
       
   
   
   
   
 
(in Millions)
                                       
Net Cash From (Used For) Operating Activities
  $ 275     $ (360 )   $ 1,193     $ (297 )   $ 811  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Investing Activities
                       
 
Plant and equipment expenditures regulated
          (66 )     (710 )           (776 )
 
Plant and equipment expenditures non-regulated
          (19 )     (301 )           (320 )
 
Acquisition of MCN, net of cash acquired
    (1,221 )     9                   (1,212 )
 
Proceeds from common stock redeemed by subsidiary
    846                   (846 )      
 
Proceeds from sale of assets
          113       103             216  
 
Restricted cash for debt redemptions
                (70 )           (70 )
 
Other investments
                (124 )           (124 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Net cash from (used for) investing activities
    (375 )     37       (1,102 )     (846 )     (2,286 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Financing Activities
 
Issuance of long-term debt
    1,350       200       2,704             4,254  
 
Redemption of long-term debt
          (73 )     (1,350 )           (1,423 )
 
Short-term borrowings, net
    (494 )     205       16       (9 )     (282 )
 
Capital lease obligations
                (107 )           (107 )
 
Repurchase of common stock
    (438 )           (846 )     846       (438 )
 
Dividends on common stock
    (325 )           (306 )     306       (325 )
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
Net cash from financing activities
    93       332       111       1,143       1,679  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    (7 )     9       202             204  
Cash and Cash Equivalents, January 1, 2001
    15             49             64  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents, December 31, 2001
  $ 8     $ 9     $ 251     $     $ 268  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Part III

Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions

Information required by Part III (Items 10, 11, 12 and 13) of this Form 10-K is incorporated by reference from the company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2003 Annual Meeting of Common Shareholders. The annual meeting will be held April 17, 2003. The Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, pursuant to Regulation 14A, not later than 120 days after the end of the our fiscal year covered by this report on Form 10-K, all of which information is hereby incorporated by reference in, and made part of, this Form 10-K, except that the information required by Item 10 with respect to executive officers of the Registrant is included in Part I of this report.

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Part IV

Item 14. Controls and Procedures

(a)   Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
 
    The company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of the company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a — 14(c) and 15d — 14(d)) as of a date within 90 days before the filing of this annual report (Evaluation Date), and have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, such controls and procedures were effective at ensuring that required information will be disclosed on a timely basis in reports filed under the Exchange Act.
 
(b)   Changes in internal controls
 
    There have been no significant changes (including corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies or material weaknesses) in the our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the Evaluation Date referenced in paragraph (a) above.

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Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K

(a)   The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

  (1)   Consolidated financial statements. See “Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
 
  (2)   Financial statement schedule. See “Item 8 — Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.”
 
  (3)   Exhibits.

             
        Exhibit    
        Number   Description
       
 
(i)     Exhibits filed herewith.
 
        12-31   Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
        12-32   Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Securities Dividends.
        23-15   Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.
        99-9   Chief Executive Officer Certification of Periodic Report.
        99-10   Chief Financial Officer Certification of Periodic Report.
 
(ii)     Exhibits incorporated herein by reference.
 
        2-1   Agreement and Plan of Merger, among DTE Energy Company, MCN Energy Group Inc. and DTE Enterprises, Inc., dated as of October 4, 1999, as amended as of November 12, 1999, as further amended as of February 28, 2001. (Exhibit 2-2 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2000).
        3(a)   Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of DTE Energy Company, dated December 13, 1995 (Exhibit 3-5 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended September 30, 1997).
        3(b)   Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of DTE Energy Company (Exhibit
3-6 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended September 30, 1997).
        3(c)   Restated Articles of Incorporation of Detroit Edison, as filed December 10,1991 with the

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          State of Michigan, Department of Commerce — Corporation and Securities Bureau (Exhibit 3-13 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 1999).
        3(d)   Rights Agreement, dated as of September 23, 1997, by and between DTE Energy Company and The Detroit Edison Company, as Rights Agent (Exhibit 4-1 to DTE Energy Company Current Report on Form 8-K, dated September 23, 1997).
        3(e)   Bylaws of DTE Energy Company, as amended through September 22, 1999 (Exhibit 3-3 to Registration No. 333-89175).
        4(a)   Amended and Restated Indenture, dated as of April 9, 2002, between DTE Energy Corporation and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (Exhibit 4-1 to Registration No. 333-588834).
        4(b)   First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 9, 2001, between DTE Energy and The Bank of New York (Exhibit 4-223 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2001).
        4(c)
  Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 9, 2001, between DTE Energy and The Bank of New York, as trustee (Exhibit 4-224 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2001).
        4(d)   Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 9, 2001, among DTE Capital Corporation, DTE Energy and The Bank of New York, as trustee (Exhibit 4-225 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2001).
        4(e)   Guaranty of Enterprises securities (Exhibit 4-227 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2001).
        4(f)   Fourth Supplemental Indenture creating 7.8% Subordinated Debentures (Exhibit 4-228 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2001).
        4(g)   Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of DTE Energy Trust 1 (Exhibit 4-228 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2001).
        4(h)   Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 30, 2001 to Indenture dated as of April 2001 (Exhibit 4-226 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2001).
        4(i)   Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 5, 2002, creating the 2002 Series A 6.65% Senior Notes due 2009 (Exhibit 4-230 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2002).
        4(j)   Pledge Agreement dated as of June 25, 2002, between DTE and the Bank of New York (Exhibit 4-231 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        4(k)   Purchase Contract Agreement dated as of June 25, 2002, between DTE and the Bank of New York
(Exhibit 4-232 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        4(l)   Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 25, 2002, between DTE and the Bank of New York (Exhibit 4-233 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        4(m)   Trust Agreement of DTE Energy Trust II (Exhibit 4-12 to DTE Energy Trust II’s registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-74338-01)).
        4(n)   Trust Agreement of DTE Energy Trust III (Exhibit 4-21 to DTE Energy Trust II’s registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-99955)).
        10(a)   DTE Energy Annual Incentive Plan (Exhibit 10-44 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2001).
        10(b)   Form of Change-in-Control Severance Agreement, dated as of October 1, 1997, between DTE Energy Company and its officers (Exhibit 10-9 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended September 30, 1997).
        10(c)   Form of 1995 Indemnification Agreement between the Company and its directors and officers (Exhibit 3L (10-1) to DTE Energy Company Form 8-B dated January 2, 1996).
        10(d)   Certain arrangements pertaining to the employment of S. Martin Taylor (Exhibit 10-38 to Detroit Edison’s Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 1998).
        10(e)     Amended and Restated Post-Employment Income Agreement dated March 23, 1998, between Detroit Edison and Anthony F. Earley, Jr. (Exhibit 10-20 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 1998).
        10(f)   Restricted Stock Agreement, dated March 23, 1998, between Detroit Edison and

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            Anthony F. Earley, Jr. (Exhibit 10-20 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 1998).
        10(g)   Amended and Restated Detroit Edison Savings Reparation Plan (February 23, 1998) (Exhibit 10-19 for quarter ended March 31, 1998).
        10(h)   Certain arrangements pertaining to the employment of Larry G. Garberding (Exhibit 10-23 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 1998).
        10(i)   Fourth Restatement of The Benefit Equalization Plan for Certain Employees of The Detroit Edison Company (October 1997) (Exhibit 10-11 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1997).
        10(j)   Amended and Restated Executive Incentive Plan (Exhibit 10-35 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2000).
        10(k)   Trust Agreement for DTE Energy Company Change-In-Control Severance Agreements between DTE Energy Company and Wachovia Bank, N.A. (Exhibit 10-16 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1997).
        10(l)   Certain arrangements pertaining to the employment of David E. Meador (Exhibit 10-5 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1997).
        10(m)   Amended and Restated Supplemental Long-Term Disability Plan, dated January 27, 1997 (Exhibit 10-4 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
        10(n)   Fourth Restatement of the Retired Reparation Plan for Certain Employees of The Detroit Edison Company (October 1997) (Exhibit 10-10 to 10-K for year ended December 31, 1997).
        10(o)   Sixth Restatement of The Detroit Edison Company Management Supplemental Benefit Plan (1998)
(Exhibit 10-27 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1998).
        10(p)   DTE Energy Company Plan for Deferring the Payment of Directors’ Fees (As Amended and Restated Effective As of January 1, 1999) (Exhibit 10-29 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1998).
        10(q)   DTE Energy Company Deferred Stock Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors, effective as of January 1, 1999 (Exhibit 10-30 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1998).
        10(r)   DTE Energy Company Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors (As Amended and Restated Effective As Of December 31, 1998) (Exhibit 10-31 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1998).
        10(s)   Certain arrangement pertaining to the employment of Eric H. Peterson (Exhibit 10-39 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000).
        10(t)   Executive Vehicle Plan (Exhibit 10-41 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2001).
        10(u)   DTE Energy 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (Exhibit 10-43 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended March 31, 2001).
        10(v)   Consulting Agreement with A.R. Glancy, III (Exhibit 10-41 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2001).
        10(w)   2002 Measures and Targets for Stock Incentive Plan (Exhibit 10-42 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2001).
        10(x)   2002 Measures and Target for Annual Incentive Plan (Exhibit 10-43 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2001).
        10(y)   Supplemental Savings Plan (Exhibit 10-44 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        10(z)   Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Exhibit 10-45 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        10(aa)   Supplemental Retirement Plan (Exhibit 10-46 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        10(bb)   Executive Life Insurance Plan (Exhibit 10-47 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        10(cc)   Employment Contract of Bruce D. Peterson (Exhibit 10-48 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 2002).
        21(a)   Subsidiaries of the Company (Form U-3A-2 filed March 3, 2003 (File No. 069-00395)).
        99(a)   Master Trust Agreement (“Master Trust”), dated as of June 30, 1994, between Detroit

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            Edison and Fidelity Management Trust Company relating to the Savings and Investment Plans (Exhibit 4-167 to Form 10-Q for quarter ended June 30, 1994).
    99(b)       First Amendment, effective as of February 1, 1995, to Master Trust (Exhibit 4-10 to Registration No. 333-00023).
    99(c)       Second Amendment, effective as of February 1, 1995 to Master Trust (Exhibit 4-11 to Registration No. 333-00023).
    99(d)       Third Amendment, effective January 1, 1996, to Master Trust (Exhibit 4-12 to Registration No. 333-00023).
    99(e)       Fourth Amendment to Trust Agreement between Fidelity Management Trust Company and The Detroit Edison Company (July 1996) (Exhibit 4-185 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997).
    99(f)       Fifth Amended to Trust Agreement Between Fidelity Management Trust Company and The Detroit Edison Company (December 1997) (Exhibit 4-186 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997).
    99(g)       The Detroit Edison Company Irrevocable Grantor Trust for The Detroit Edison Company Savings Reparation Plan (Exhibit 99-1 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
    99(h)       The Detroit Edison Company Irrevocable Grantor Trust for The Detroit Edison Company Retirement Reparation Plan (Exhibit 99-2 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
    99(i)       The Detroit Edison Company Irrevocable Grantor Trust for The Detroit Edison Company Management Supplemental Benefit Plan (Exhibit 99-3 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
    99(j)       The Detroit Edison Company Irrevocable Grantor Trust for The Detroit Edison Company Benefit Equalization Plan (Exhibit 99-4 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
    99(k)       The Detroit Edison Company Irrevocable Grantor Trust for The Detroit Edison Company Plan for Deferring the Payment of Directors’ Fees (Exhibit 99-5 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
    99(l)       The Detroit Edison Company Irrevocable Grantor Trust for The DTE Energy Company Retirement Plan for Non-Employee Directors (Exhibit 99-6 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
    99(m)       DTE Energy Company Irrevocable Grantor Trust for the DTE Energy Company Plan for Deferring the Payment of Directors’ Fees (Exhibit 99-7 to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1996).
    99(n)       364-Day Credit Agreement dated as of October 25, 2002 ($470 million) (Exhibit 99-5 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2002).
    99(o)       Three Year Credit Agreement dated as of October 25, 2002 ($230 million) (Exhibit 99-6 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2002).

b). Reports on Form 8-K

On December 4, 2002, DTE filed a Report on Form 8-K, dated December 3, 2002, announcing a definitive agreement with affiliates of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. and Trimaran Capital Partners LLC providing for the sale of International Transmission Company (ITC), for approximately $610 million in cash.

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DTE Energy Company
Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

                           
      Year Ending December 31,  
     
 
      2002     2001     2000  
     
   
   
 
(in Thousands)                        
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (shown as deduction from accounts receivable in the consolidated statement of financial position)
                       
Balance at Beginning of Period
  $ 56,749     $ 21,000     $ 21,000  
Additions:
                       
 
Charged to costs and expenses
    44,714       35,490       18,219  
 
Balance acquired with MCN Energy acquisition
          30,256        
 
Charged to other accounts (1)
    15,268       11,346       3,677  
Deductions (2)
    (35,006 )     (41,343 )     (21,896 )
 
 
   
   
 
Balance At End of Period
  $ 81,725     $ 56,749     $ 21,000  
 
 
   
   
 
Fermi 2 Refueling Outage Accrual (included in other current liabilities in the consolidated statement of financial position)
                       
Balance at Beginning of Period
  $ 1,167     $ 9,789     $ 18,221  
Charged to costs and expenses
    25,340       12,837       14,002  
Deductions (3)
    (1,402 )     (21,459 )     (22,434 )
 
 
   
   
 
Balance At End of Period
  $ 25,105     $ 1,167     $ 9,789  
 
 
   
   
 


(1)   Collection of accounts previously written off.
 
(2)   Non-collectible accounts written off.
 
(3)   Actual amounts paid during the refueling outage.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

         
        DTE ENERGY COMPANY
       
        (Registrant)
 
Date: March 20, 2003   By   /s/ ANTHONY F. EARLEY, JR.
       
        Anthony F. Earley, Jr.
        Chairman of the Board,
        Chief Executive Officer, President
        and Chief Operating Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.

             
By   /s/ ANTHONY F. EARLEY, JR   By   /s/ DAVID E. MEADOR
   
     
    Anthony F. Earley, Jr.       David E. Meador
    Chairman of the Board,       Senior Vice President and Chief
    Chief Executive Officer, President and       Financial Officer
    Chief Operating Officer        
           
 
By   /s/ DANIEL G. BRUDZYNSKI   By   /s/ FRANK M. HENNESSEY
   
     
    Daniel G. Brudzynski       Frank M. Hennessey, Director
    Vice President and Controller        
 
By   /s/ TERENCE E. ADDERLEY   By   /s/ THEODORE S. LEIPPRANDT
   
     
    Terence E. Adderley, Director       Theodore S. Leipprandt, Director
 
By   /s/ LILLIAN BAUDER   By   /s/JOHN E. LOBBIA
   
     
    Lillian Bauder, Director       John E. Lobbia, Director
 
By   /s/ DAVE BING   By   /s/ EUGENE A. MILLER
   
     
    David Bing, Director       Eugene A. Miller, Director
 
By   /s/ ALLAN D. GILMOUR   By   /s/ CHARLES W. PRYOR, JR.
   
     
    Allan D. Gilmour, Director       Charles W. Pryor, Jr., Director
 
By   /s/ ALFRED R. GLANCY III   By   /s/ HOWARD F. SIMS
   
     
    Alfred R. Glancy III, Director       Howard F. Sims, Director

Date: March 20, 2003

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FORM 10-K CERTIFICATION

I, Anthony F. Earley, Jr., Chairman, President, Chief Executive and Chief Operating Officer of DTE Energy Company, certify that:

1.   I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of DTE Energy Company;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

  (a)   designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;
 
  (b)   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and
 
  (c)   presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

5.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

  (a)   all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and
 
  (b)   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls; and

6.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

     
/s/ ANTHONY F. EARLEY, JR.   Date: March 20, 2003
Anthony F. Earley, Jr.    
Chairman, President, Chief Executive and    
Chief Operating Officer of DTE Energy Company    

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FORM 10-K CERTIFICATION

I, David E. Meador, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of DTE Energy Company, certify that:

1.   I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of DTE Energy Company;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this annual report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this annual report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this annual report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this annual report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14) for the registrant and we have:

  (a)   designed such disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this annual report is being prepared;
 
  (b)   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures as of a date within 90 days prior to the filing date of this annual report (the “Evaluation Date”); and
 
  (c)   presented in this annual report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on our evaluation as of the Evaluation Date;

5.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

  (a)   all significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data and have identified for the registrant’s auditors any material weaknesses in internal controls; and
 
  (b)   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls; and

6.   The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have indicated in this annual report whether there were significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of our most recent evaluation, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses.

     
/s/ DAVID E. MEADOR   Date: March 20, 2003
David E. Meador    
Senior Vice President and    
Chief Financial Officer of DTE Energy Company    

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Exhibit Index

             
        Exhibit    
        Number   Description
       
 
 
        12-31   Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.
        12-32   Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Preferred Securities Dividends.
        23-15   Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.
        99-9   Chief Executive Officer Certification of Periodic Report.
        99-10   Chief Financial Officer Certification of Periodic Report.

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