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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 10-K

 

 

(Mark one)

 

x   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002

OR

 

¨   TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Commission File Number 000-30347

 


 

CURIS, INC.

 

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

DELAWARE

 

04-3505116

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

61 Moulton Street

Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)

 

617-503-6500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 


 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:    

 

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:    

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes x    No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule  12b-2).    Yes ¨    No x

 

As of June 28, 2002, the aggregate market value of the Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was approximately $35,142,000 based on the closing sale price of $1.22 of the Registrant’s Common Stock on the NASDAQ National Market on such date.

 

As of February 28, 2003, 31,720,837 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock were outstanding.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 

The Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders scheduled to be held on June 12, 2003, to be filed with the Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the Registrant’s fiscal year, has been incorporated by reference in whole or in part, into Part III Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 



 

CURIS, INC.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Form 10-K

 

PART I

ITEM 1.

 

BUSINESS

  

1

ITEM 2.

 

PROPERTIES

  

9

ITEM 3.

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

  

9

ITEM 4.

 

SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

  

9

ITEM 4A.

 

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY

  

10

PART II

ITEM 5.

 

MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERS MATTERS

  

12

ITEM 6.

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

  

13

ITEM 7.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

  

14

ITEM 7A.

 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

  

38

ITEM 8.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

  

39

ITEM 9.

 

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

  

39

PART III

ITEM 10.

 

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT

  

40

ITEM 11.

 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

  

40

ITEM 12.

 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

  

40

ITEM 13.

 

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

  

40

ITEM 14.

 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

  

40

PART IV

ITEM 15.

 

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

  

41

   

SIGNATURES

  

42

 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believes,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “expects,” “seeks” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected or assumed in these forward looking statements, including the factors set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” within Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” All forward-looking statements and reasons why our results may differ included in this Annual Report are made as of the date hereof, and we disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements or reasons why actual results might differ.

 

As used in this Annual Report, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” the “Company” and “Curis” shall mean Curis, Inc.

 

Curis, Chondrogel, Vascuject and Vascugel are our trademarks. All other trademarks or trade names referred to in this Annual Report are the property of their respective owners.


 

PART I

 

ITEM 1.    BUSINESS

 

General

 

Curis, Inc. is a therapeutic drug development company. Our technology focus is on regulatory signaling pathways that control repair and regeneration of human tissue and organs. Our product development approach involves using proteins or small molecules to modulate these regulatory signaling pathways, for example, to increase the pathway signals when they are insufficient or to decrease them when they are excessive. We have successfully used this product development approach to produce several promising preclinical product candidates in the fields of kidney disease, neurological disorders, cancer and hair regrowth.

 

Our mission is to discover and develop novel therapeutic drugs to treat diseases and disorders for which there are no adequate therapies or for which a new drug would represent a significant advancement over the current therapy. We seek to develop new medicines to improve the overall state of human health while at the same time striving to give our shareholders a substantial return on their investment reflective of the risks associated with pharmaceutical drug development.

 

In the last quarter of 2002, we announced a significant corporate partnership with Ortho Biotech Products, L.P. (a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson) and the monetization of our future revenue stream from Stryker Corporation. In addition, we entered into transactions with Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and ES Cell International Pte, Ltd.

 

In February of 2002, we completed a realignment of our research and development programs and a re-focusing of our resources on our proprietary signaling pathways, particularly the Bone Morphogenic Protein (BMP) and Hedgehog (Hh) families of product candidates. As part of the realignment, we terminated our cell therapy clinical programs, reduced our workforce by 46 people, incurred cash expenses of $3,490,000 and non-cash expenses of $5,337,000 and terminated a lease on a 50,000 square foot development and manufacturing facility.

 

In December 2002, we further reduced our workforce by 14 employees for the purpose of reducing our cash burn (see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Overview”).

 

We are organized as a Delaware Corporation, incorporated in 2000. Our principal executive office is located at 61 Moulton Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138. We maintain a website with the address www.curis.com. We are not including the information contained in our website as part of, or incorporating it by reference into, this annual report on Form 10-K. We make available free of charge through our website our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file these materials with, or otherwise furnish them to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

SIGNALING PATHWAY TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND

 

Through our research, we seek an understanding of the biological signaling pathways that the body uses to promote human tissue and organ repair and regeneration and seek to use that understanding to modulate and control those signaling pathways to promote therapeutic benefit.

 

Each cell in the human body is programmed during the embryonic stage of development to respond to a specific set of signals that regulate its behavior. Signaling pathways deliver messages to cells, which determine how a cell differentiates and also whether it replicates or dies.

 

The signaling pathways that orchestrate early stages of tissue and organ formation are often the same pathways used by the body in adulthood to maintain physiological balance and to repair and regenerate tissue.

 

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We have used our knowledge of these signaling pathways to build a diverse portfolio of preclinical product candidates in several important therapeutic areas including kidney disease, neurological disorders, cancer and hair regrowth (alopecia).

 

We have developed a significant intellectual property portfolio in several major signaling pathways, including the Hedgehog pathway and the Bone Morphogenetic Protein, or BMP, pathway. Both of these pathways are prominent regulators of specific tissue and organ formation during development and are used by the body in adulthood to repair and regulate human tissue.

 

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS

 

We are developing product candidates in several important medical fields where there is substantial therapeutic need that is either unmet or underserved. These product development initiatives (see chart below) either are being pursued using our internal resources or have been partnered with pharmaceutical or biotechnology firms that are able to dedicate additional resources and clinical development expertise. These product development initiatives derive primarily from our substantial intellectual property portfolio in key signaling pathways.

 

Technology


 

Primary Indication


 

Partner


 

Status


BMP

 

Kidney Disease

 

Ortho Biotech (J&J)

 

Late Preclinical

Hh agonist

 

Neurological Disorders

 

Elan Corporation

 

Mid-Preclinical

Hh antibody

 

Cancer

 

Seeking partner

 

Mid-Preclinical

Hh antagonist

 

Basal Cell Carcinoma

 

Seeking partner

 

Late-Preclinical

Hh agonist

 

Alopecia

 

None

 

Mid-Preclinical

PYY peptide

 

Obesity

 

Amylin

 

Mid-Preclinical

Stem cells

 

Diabetes

 

ES Cell

 

Early-Preclinical

 

BMP Kidney Disease Program

 

Over the last several years, we have been developing BMP-7 as a therapeutic compound to halt the progression of chronic kidney failure and to prevent skeletal and blood vessel complications that are associated with chronic kidney disease. This work, which has been conducted in conjunction with academic and medical research laboratories, has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in numerous animal models of kidney disease.

 

In November of 2002, we entered into a partnership with Ortho Biotech (a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson) for the continued development of this kidney disease product candidate. Ortho Biotech is a pharmaceutical company with broad expertise in protein based therapeutic drug development and is an established presence in the kidney disease marketplace. The partnership with Ortho Biotech also targets the development of BMP-based products for the treatment of other medical disorders including stroke and traumatic brain injury. Ortho Biotech will assume all future costs and responsibility for BMP-based product development and we will receive clinical milestone payments and royalties on product sales, if clinical evaluations of any BMP-based products are successful.

 

Hedgehog Agonist Neurological Disorders Program

 

We believe that the Hedgehog pathway is essential for the formation of normal nerves in the peripheral nervous system as well as in the central nervous system. Our scientists and collaborators have shown that treatment with a Hedgehog protein accelerates the restoration of nerve function in animal models of nerve trauma and disease thus suggesting potential therapeutic utility in treating certain human neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease, diabetic neuropathies, and others.

 

Recently, our scientists have developed a series of small molecule Hedgehog agonists that are capable of activating the Hedgehog pathway and fostering tissue repair. Many of these small molecule Hedgehog agonists

 

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are orally available and can cross the blood brain barrier, therefore making them attractive product development candidates. Currently, these small molecule Hedgehog agonists are being evaluated in animal models of Parkinson’s Disease, diabetic neuropathy, and other neurological disorders.

 

The Hedgehog Agonist Neurological Disorders Program is currently being conducted under our joint venture with Elan Corporation.

 

Hedgehog Antibody Cancer Program

 

We believe that one of the ways that the Hedgehog protein promotes restoration of tissue function, such as the restoration of nerve function in animal models described above, is by inducing the synthesis of multiple growth factors and angiogenic factors. The growth factors stimulate new tissue formation and the angiogenic factors stimulate new blood vessel growth to nourish the newly formed tissue.

 

Our scientists have recently discovered that certain cancers appear to be inappropriately expressing high concentrations of Hedgehog protein thereby creating local environments favorable to the rapid growth of cancerous tissue. By utilizing an antibody that blocks the action of Hedgehog protein, our scientists have been able to significantly slow and, in some cases, halt the growth of certain cancers (for example, pancreatic and colon cancers) in animal models of solid tumor growth.

 

We are currently evaluating other cancers to determine if they are also inappropriately expressing Hedgehog protein and therefore may be target cancers for Hedgehog antibody therapy. We are in discussions with several potential development partners for cancer applications of Hedgehog antibody therapy.

 

Hedgehog Small Molecule Antagonist Basal Cell Carcinoma Program

 

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), the most common form of human cancer, is a cancer affecting the skin. Several years ago, it was discovered that almost all forms of BCC are caused by mutations in the Hedgehog receptor complexes, which in turn results in unregulated activation of the Hedgehog pathway. Although it is not typically life threatening, BCC can be significantly disfiguring due to the propensity for tumors to develop in sun accessible sites (such as the face and hands). Currently, treatment for BCC usually involves surgical excision.

 

Our scientists have discovered small molecule inhibitors of the Hedgehog pathway that in animal models of BCC cause regression of established tumors and prevent development of new tumors. We believe that a drug-based treatment for BCC could have a significant market advantage over current surgical treatment options. We have developed one of the small molecule Hedgehog inhibitors (CUR-61414) to the point of IND acceptance and are now seeking a partner with dermatological clinical expertise to complete the evaluation of human therapeutic safety and efficacy.

 

We believe that our small molecule Hedgehog antagonists may also have therapeutic potential in the treatment of types of cancer other than BCC. We are currently evaluating this therapeutic possibility for medulloblastoma (the most common malignant brain tumor in children) and other cancers.

 

Hedgehog Small Molecule Agonist Alopecia Program

 

Several years ago, our scientists showed that Hedgehog protein could stimulate rapid hair regrowth when implanted under the skin of an animal. More recently, other researchers have shown that the Hedgehog gene when delivered with a virus, can stimulate rapid hair regrowth in animals that had lost hair due to chemotherapy treatment. Our scientists have recently demonstrated that one of our small molecule Hedgehog agonists can induce hair regrowth in an animal model. We are currently evaluating the therapeutic potential of small molecule Hedgehog agonists to promote hair regrowth in other models of age-induced alopecia and chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

 

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Other Programs

 

PYY Peptide Obesity Program

 

PYY is a gut peptide that has been shown in animals and humans to suppress appetite and reduce food intake. Several years prior to these results, our scientists working in the field of diabetes filed patent applications on the potential utility of using PYY as a treatment for certain metabolic disorders, including obesity.

 

In December of 2002, we licensed our PYY patent applications to Amylin in exchange for an up-front fee, milestone payments upon the achievement of certain development objectives, and royalties on potential future product sales. Amylin has extensive development experience with other similar gut peptides. Amylin has exclusive responsibility for expenses related to further development of the PYY compound and has recently announced that it expects to file an IND on PYY for an obesity indication in 2003.

 

Stem Cells Diabetes Program

 

For several years, we have been evaluating the potential of using adult-derived stem cells as a therapy to treat diabetes. We successfully demonstrated the “rescue” of diabetic animals using proprietary methods which convert adult stem cells into insulin-producing cells. Recently, we have decided that this program would be best developed by partnering it with a company that specializes in stem cell based therapeutics. In December 2002, we assigned and licensed our patent rights related to the development of cellular therapeutics for the treatment of diabetes to ES Cell in exchange for an up-front fee and an equity position in ES Cell. ES Cell is a Singapore-based company that develops stem cells as therapeutic products for various human disorders. As part of the transaction, ES Cell will assume all responsibility and expense for future development and clinical testing of our diabetes stem-cell technologies.

 

STRATEGIC ALLIANCES AND LICENSE AGREEMENTS

 

Our strategy for development and commercialization of products depends upon successful strategic alliances with third parties. We look to strategic alliances as a means to provide us with the requisite capital, as well as the necessary preclinical and clinical development and manufacturing and marketing capabilities to commercialize product candidates produced by our discovery and preclinical programs. In evaluating possible strategic alliances, we consider the following criteria:

 

    the technical and commercial resources that a potential partner will commit to our programs;

 

    up-front payments in the form of license fees and equity investments;

 

    royalties and milestone payments;

 

    technology and patent rights; and

 

    scientific and development resources.

 

We may not be able to establish new strategic alliances necessary to develop and commercialize our product candidates and any future arrangements may not be on terms favorable to us. We cannot predict whether current or future strategic alliances will be successful.

 

We are currently seeking partners for our Hedgehog Antibody Cancer Program and our Hedgehog Small Molecule Antagonist Basal Cell Carcinoma Program. Our current strategic alliances are described below.

 

Ortho Biotech (a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson)

 

We licensed our broad BMP technology portfolio to Ortho Biotech for all non-orthopaedic therapeutic applications in November of 2002 in exchange for a $3,500,000 up-front fee, a series of cash milestones if certain

 

4


research objectives are achieved including a $30,000,000 milestone payment upon U.S. regulatory approval of a product for the treatment of kidney disease, and a royalty on potential future product sales. If the program progresses successfully through clinical development, we would receive additional milestone payments for the kidney disease related product candidate and milestone payments for the first neurology product candidate. We are unable to disclose additional financial terms of the strategic alliance based on the confidentiality obligation of our agreement with Ortho Biotech. Initial target indications include prevention of bone and blood vessel complications associated with chronic kidney disease and treatments to promote recovery following stroke and brain injury.

 

Elan Corporation, plc

 

We formed a joint venture, Curis Newco, Ltd., with affiliates of Elan in July of 2001 for the development of protein and small molecule modulators of the Hedgehog signaling pathway intended for the treatment of neurological disorders including Parkinson’s Disease and diabetic neuropathy. The arrangement with Elan covers the use of both Hedgehog protein and Hedgehog small molecule agonists. Upon formation of Curis Newco, Elan International Services, Ltd. (EIS), an affiliate of Elan, purchased $4,000,000 of our common stock at $7.32 per share. Additionally, Elan Pharma International, Ltd. (EPIL), another affiliate of Elan, agreed to loans, subject to EPIL’s continuing consent, to allow payment for our share of Curis Newco’s operating expenses. Each loan is being made under an $8,010,000 line of credit made available to us by EPIL and is evidenced by a convertible promissory note issued by us. We have funded our share of Curis Newco expenses through September 30, 2002 using the line of credit, which has an outstanding balance of $4,921,000 as of February 28, 2003. Under the terms of the joint venture arrangement, Elan is responsible for a portion of Curis Newco expenses. Future funding of the Curis Newco development program, both in terms of loans and direct reimbursement of expenses, is contingent upon various factors, including consent by EPIL to continued loans and consensus between the parties on future development plans.

 

Amylin Pharmaceuticals

 

In December of 2002, we licensed our PYY patent applications to Amylin Pharmaceuticals in exchange for an up-front fee, milestone payments if specified research objectives are achieved, and a royalty on potential future product sales. Amylin has sole responsibility for all further development of the PYY compound and has recently announced that it may file an IND on PYY for an obesity indication in 2003.

 

ES Cell International Pte Ltd.

 

In December of 2002, we assigned and licensed our patent rights related to the development of cellular therapeutics for the treatment of diabetes to ES Cell International Pte, Ltd. in exchange for an up-front fee and an equity position in ES Cell. As part of the overall transaction, ES Cell will assume all responsibility for future development and clinical testing of our diabetes stem-cell technologies, including funding all costs of six of our scientists through December 17, 2003.

 

Micromet AG

 

In 2001, we entered into three agreements with Micromet AG including (i) a purchase and sale agreement pursuant to which we assigned our single-chain-polypeptide technology to Micromet in exchange for certain consideration, (ii) a product development agreement and (iii) a target research and license agreement. Under these agreements, we are entitled to receive royalties on Micromet’s revenues, if any, arising out of the assigned technology, rights to jointly develop and commercialize future product discoveries, if any, arising out of the product development agreement, and access to other technologies. The product development agreement provides us with the right, but not the obligation, to jointly fund research to develop antibodies against up to four potential targets through the proof of principle stage. We will also have the right, but not the obligation, to jointly fund the development of two such antibody targets from the proof of principle stage through the completion of phase I clinical trials.

 

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Academic Collaborations

 

We have relationships with a number of academic institutions and investigators that are focused on areas of interest to us, including morphogenic proteins and tissue repair and regeneration in certain disease models. In these collaborations, we seek to expand our scientific knowledge concerning internal research programs as well as the activities and characteristics of various proteins and small molecules under development by our scientists. The academic collaborators are not our employees. As a result, we have limited control over their activities and limited amounts of their time are dedicated to our projects. From time to time, academic collaborators have relationships with other commercial entities, some of which may be competitors of ours. Although the precise nature of each relationship varies, the collaborators and their primary affiliated institutions generally sign agreements that provide for confidentiality of our proprietary technology and results of studies. We seek to obtain exclusive rights to license developments that may result from these studies, however, there is no guarantee that such licenses can be obtained or that any associated royalties will permit effective commercialization of such developments.

 

Competition

 

The product candidates that we are developing would compete with existing and new products being developed by others for treatment of the same indications. Competition in the development of human therapeutics is particularly intense and includes many large pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical companies, as well as specialized biotechnology and medical device firms. Many of these companies have extensive financial, marketing and human resource capacities, which may result in significant competitive advantages. Others have extensive experience in undertaking clinical trials, in obtaining regulatory approval to market products and in manufacturing products on a large scale, which may enhance their competitive position. In addition to competing with pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device companies, the products we are developing would also compete with those being developed by academic and research institutions, government agencies and other public organizations. Any of these organizations may discover new therapies, seek patent protection or establish collaborative arrangements for products and technologies which are competitive with our products and technologies.

 

The technology underlying the development of human therapeutic products is expected to continue to undergo rapid and significant advancement and change. In the future, our technological and commercial success will be based on our ability to develop proprietary positions in key scientific areas and efficiently evaluate potential product opportunities.

 

The timing of a product’s introduction may be a major factor in determining eventual commercial success and profitability. Early entry may have important advantages in gaining product acceptance and market share. Accordingly, we believe the relative speed with which we or our collaborative partners can complete preclinical and clinical testing, obtain regulatory approvals, and supply commercial quantities of a product will have an important impact on our competitive position, both in the United States and abroad. Other companies may succeed in developing similar products that are introduced earlier, are more effective, or are produced and marketed more effectively. If research and development by others renders any of our products obsolete or noncompetitive, then our potential for success and profitability may be adversely affected.

 

Research in the field of signaling pathways is highly competitive. Competitors include, among others, Amgen, Inc., Chiron Corporation, Exelixis, Inc., Genentech, Inc., Geron Corporation, and Regeneron Corporation, as well as other private companies and major pharmaceutical companies. We also compete with universities and other research institutions, including those receiving federal government funding. Our competitors may discover, characterize and develop important inducing molecules or genes before we do, which could have a material adverse effect on any of our related research programs.

 

We rely on or will rely on our strategic partners for support in our disease research programs and for preclinical evaluation and clinical development of our potential products and manufacturing and marketing of

 

6


any products. Some of our strategic partners are conducting multiple product development efforts within each disease area that is the subject of our strategic alliance with them. Our strategic alliance agreements may not restrict the strategic partner from pursuing competing internal development efforts. Any of our product candidates, therefore, may be subject to competition with a product candidate under development by a strategic partner.

 

Patents and Proprietary Rights

 

Our ability to commercialize products and compete effectively with other companies will depend, in part, on our ability to maintain proprietary rights to our products and technology. We currently own or have rights to approximately 153 issued and 139 pending patent applications in the United States and have foreign counterpart patent filings for most of these patents and patent applications. These patents and patent applications are directed to compositions of matter, methods of making and using these compositions, methods of repairing, replacing, augmenting and creating tissue for multiple applications, methods for drug screening and discovery, developmental biological processes, and patents relating to our proprietary technologies. The patent positions of pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, and biotechnology companies, including ours, are generally uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions. Our pending patent applications may not result in issued patents and we may not successfully develop additional proprietary technologies or products that are patentable. Furthermore, our patents or those of our collaborative partners may not provide a basis for commercially viable products or provide us with any competitive advantages and may be challenged by third parties. The patents of others could have an adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.

 

Our success will depend in part on our ability to obtain marketing exclusivity for our products for a period of time sufficient to establish a market position and achieve an adequate return on our investment in product development. We believe that protection of our products and technology under United States and international patent laws and other intellectual property laws is an important factor in securing such market exclusivity.

 

Although we pursue patent protection for our technology, significant legal issues remain as to the extent to which patent protection may be afforded in the field of biotechnology, in both the United States and foreign countries. Furthermore, the scope of protection has not yet been broadly tested. Therefore, we also rely upon trade secrets, know-how and continuing technological advancement to develop and maintain our competitive position. Disclosure of our know-how is generally protected under confidentiality agreements. We do not know, however, whether all of our confidentiality agreements will be honored. Moreover, third parties could develop equivalent technology independently, and disputes could also arise as to the ownership of technical information or wrongful disclosure of our trade secrets.

 

Our academic and research institution collaborators have certain rights to publish data and information regarding their discoveries to which we have rights. While we believe that the limitations on publication of data developed by our collaborators pursuant to our collaboration agreements will be sufficient to permit us to apply for patent protection in the areas in which we are interested in pursuing further research, there is considerable pressure on such institutions to publish discoveries in the genetics and genomics fields. Any such publication could affect our ability to obtain patent protection in the areas in which we may have an interest.

 

We are party to various license agreements that give us rights to commercialize various technologies and to use technologies in our research and development processes. The consideration payable in exchange for these licenses include up-front fees, issuances of shares of common stock, annual royalties, milestone payments and running royalties on net sales by us and our sub-licensees. The licensors may terminate these agreements if we fail to meet certain diligence requirements, fail to make payments or otherwise commit a material breach that is not cured after notice.

 

Others may have filed, and in the future are likely to file, patent applications covering molecules, genes or gene products that are similar or identical to our technologies or products. These third party patent applications

 

7


may have priority over patent applications filed by us. Any legal action against us or our strategic partners claiming damages and seeking to enjoin commercial activities relating to the affected products and processes could, in addition to subjecting us to potential liability for damages, require us or our strategic alliance partners to obtain a license in order to continue to manufacture or market the affected products and processes. We or our strategic alliance partners may not prevail in any such action and any license required under any such patent may not be made available upon commercially acceptable terms, or at all. Litigation, which could result in substantial costs to us, may be necessary to enforce any patents issued or licensed to us or to determine the scope and validity of third party proprietary rights. Some of our competitors have, or are affiliated with companies having, substantially greater resources than we have, and such competitors may be able to sustain the costs of complex patent litigation to a greater degree and for longer periods of time than us.

 

Manufacturing

 

We have no experience or capabilities in large-scale commercial manufacturing of protein and small molecule products. We do not currently have any commercial manufacturing operations in-house and do not have a qualified cGMP commercial manufacturing facility for any of our products. We have no current plans to develop manufacturing capability and instead plan to rely on our corporate partners or subcontractors to manufacture products.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

We have no sales, marketing and distribution experience or infrastructure and we have no current plans to develop a sales, marketing and distribution capability. We plan to rely on our corporate partners for product sales, marketing and distribution.

 

Regulatory Matters

 

Regulation by governmental agencies in the United States and other countries is a significant factor in the clinical evaluation and licensing of our product candidates as well as in the development and research of new products. All of our product candidates currently under development will require regulatory approval by the FDA under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as drugs or devices, or under the Public Health Service Act, as biologicals, before they can be marketed in the United States and by similar foreign governmental agencies before they can be marketed outside the United States. Regardless of the classifications assigned to our product candidates, all human diagnostic and therapeutic products are subject to rigorous testing to demonstrate their safety and efficacy. Generally, considerable time and expense are required to demonstrate safety and efficacy for use in humans of a new product candidate. This process includes the time and expense of designing acceptable clinical trials, enrolling patients, and clinically evaluating the safety and efficacy data resulting from the clinical trials. Moreover, even after extensive preclinical testing, unanticipated side effects can arise during clinical trials and in the course of related or unrelated research (within or outside our control) that can halt or substantially delay the regulatory process. Seeking and obtaining regulatory approval for a new therapeutic or diagnostic product candidate is likely to take several years and require the expenditure of substantial resources. We cannot predict whether any product candidate that enters preclinical or clinical development will be approved for sale by the FDA or any other regulatory authorities.

 

Products like ours developed through genetic engineering are relatively new, and therefore may become the subject of increased regulation, as genetically engineered products become more common. The federal government oversees certain recombinant DNA research activity through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules, known as the NIH Guidelines. We believe that our activities comply with the NIH Guidelines. Discussions have been underway since 1996 between the NIH and the FDA regarding alternative models for regulation of recombinant DNA research and the products resulting from such research, and the appropriateness of any continued NIH role. It is not possible to predict the effect of such potential regulatory changes on our business or our potential competitors.

 

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Our ability to conduct preclinical research is also subject to new and evolving regulations governing the use of human and embryonic tissues for isolating new growth factors and genes which may be useful in identifying and developing new therapeutic product candidates. Our ability to conduct critical research on which our development activities are based could be restricted or delayed depending on the outcome of pending rulemaking proceedings governing the use of these tissues and the collection of related genetic information.

 

Pharmaceutical and Biological Products

 

We expect that certain of our product candidates will be regulated by the FDA or other regulatory authorities as pharmaceuticals or biologicals. In the United States, the regulatory approval process for pharmaceutical and biological products intended for therapeutic use in humans involves several phases. Similar requirements are imposed by the regulatory authorities in other major market countries.

 

Clinical testing to demonstrate safety and efficacy of a product candidate usually occurs in three phases:

 

    phase I clinical trials test the safety and tolerance of the product candidate with a small group of subjects and may also yield preliminary information about the efficacy and dosage levels of the product;

 

    phase II clinical trials test efficacy, determine optimal dosage and identify possible side effects in a larger patient group; and

 

    phase III clinical trials continue to test for efficacy and safety in an expanded patient group.

 

After product approval, the FDA may request or require an additional phase (phase IV) of clinical studies to provide further information on safety and/or efficacy.

 

Employees

 

As of February 28, 2003, we had 64 full time employees, of whom 38 hold Ph.D. or other advanced degrees. 45 of these employees are currently involved in research and development. None of our employees is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and we consider our relations with our employees to be good.

 

ITEM 2.    PROPERTIES

 

We have three facilities which are located at 25, 45 and 61 Moulton Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts and which consist of 1,526, 35,095 and 17,800 square feet, respectively. All of these facilities are leased until April 2007. We have sublet approximately 5,300 square feet at our 45 Moulton Street location for a period of 30 months beginning March 1, 2002. In addition, we have sublet 11,980 square feet at our 61 Moulton Street location for an initial term of 24 months beginning on August 15, 2002, with an option, at the subtenant’s discretion, to extend the term for an additional two years and eight months. We currently use all of our available space, other than that which we have subleased, to conduct our research and development initiatives and to manage the administrative aspects of our business. We believe that our facilities will be adequate through at least the end of 2003.

 

ITEM 3.    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

Other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to our business, there are no material legal proceedings pending to which we are a party or of which our property is the subject. To our knowledge, no material legal proceeding is being contemplated by any third party or governmental authority.

 

ITEM 4.    SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

 

We did not submit any matter to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report.

 

9


 

ITEM 4A.    EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY

 

Our executive officers are as follows:

 

Name


  

Age


  

Position


Daniel R. Passeri

  

42

  

President and Chief Executive Officer

Christopher U. Missling, Ph.D.

  

37

  

Senior Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and Treasurer

Lee L. Rubin, Ph.D.

  

52

  

Senior Vice President of Research and Chief Scientific Officer

Mark W. Noel

  

44

  

Vice President, Technology Management and Business Development

Mary Elizabeth Potthoff, Esq.

  

49

  

Vice President, General Counsel

 

Daniel R. Passeri

Mr. Passeri has served as President and Chief Executive Officer and as a Director of the Company since September 2001. From November 2000 to September 2001, Mr. Passeri served as Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and Strategic Planning of the Company. From March 1997 to November 2000, Mr. Passeri was employed by GeneLogic Inc., a biotechnology company, most recently as Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and Strategic Planning. From February 1995 to March 1997, Mr. Passeri was employed by Boehringer Mannheim, a pharmaceutical, biotechnology and diagnostic company, as Director of Technology Management. Mr. Passeri is a graduate of the National Law Center at George Washington University, with a J.D., of the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine at the University of London, with a M.S. in biotechnology, and of Northeastern University, with a B.S.

 

Christopher U. Missling, Ph.D.

Dr. Missling has served as Senior Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of the Company since August 2002. From November 2001 to August 2002, Dr. Missling was employed by Axaron Bioscience AG, a genomics biotechnology company, where he served as Chief Financial Officer. From October 2001 to January 2002, Dr. Missling was employed by Aventis SA, a leading pharmaceutical company, as Head of Financial Planning, with responsibility for financial modeling and determining investment valuations. From July 1997 to December 1999, Dr. Missling was employed by Hoechst AG, a pharmaceutical company, most recently as Head of Financial Planning. Dr. Missling received his MBA from the Kellogg Graduate School of Management at WHU and Northwestern University, with a focus on partnership valuations in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, and his Ph.D., summa cum laude, and MSc from Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich.

 

Lee L. Rubin, Ph.D.

Dr. Rubin has served as Senior Vice President of Research and Chief Scientific Officer of the Company since September 2000 and prior to that as Vice President of Research of the Company since March 2000. From October 1997 to March 2000, Dr. Rubin was employed by Ontogeny as Vice President of Research. Prior to joining Ontogeny,

 

10


 

Dr. Rubin spent six years at Eisai London Laboratories at University College London, where he served as Director and Professor of Neurobiology. Prior to that, Dr. Rubin worked for four years with Athena NeuroSciences, Inc., where he served as senior scientist and head of the blood-brain barrier program. Dr. Rubin completed his Ph.D. at Rockefeller University and his B.A. at Cornell University.

 

Mark W. Noel

Mr. Noel has served as Vice President, Technology Management and Business Developmentof the Company since March 2001. From March 2000 to February 2001, Mr. Noel was employed by GeneLogic Inc., a biotechnology company, as Vice President of Customer Relations. From January 1998 to February 2000, Mr. Noel was employed by GeneLogic as Senior Director of Program Management. From December 1993 to January 1998, Mr. Noel was employed by the National Cancer Institute’s Office of Technology Development (now the Technology Transfer Branch of the NCI Office of Technology and Industrial Relations), where from July 1997 to January 1998, he served as Acting Deputy Director. From February 1989 to November 1993, Mr. Noel worked as a patent agent in the Patent, Trademark and Regulatory Affairs Department of Gist Brocades NV (Delft, the Netherlands). Mr. Noel completed his B.S. at the University of Maryland.

 

Mary Elizabeth Potthoff, Esq.

Ms. Potthoff has served as Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary of the Company since August 2002. From August 1999 to April 2002, Ms. Potthoff was Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at Wheelhouse Corporation, an internet marketing service provider. From July 1994 to August 1999, Ms. Potthoff was Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary at Shiva Corporation, a technology company focused on virtual private networks and internet security. From July 1989 to July 1994, Ms. Potthoff was Senior Corporate Counsel at Bytex Corporation, a technology company focused on network security. Ms. Potthoff received her J.D., cum laude, from Suffolk University, an M.B.A. from Providence College, and a B.A. from the State University of New York.

 

11


 

PART II

 

ITEM 5.     MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDERS

                   MATTERS

 

Our Common Stock was first traded on the NASDAQ National Market on August 1, 2000. Our trading symbol is CRIS. The following table sets forth, for the fiscal periods indicated, the high and low sales prices per share of our Common Stock as reported on the NASDAQ National Market:

 

Fiscal Year 2001


  

Curis

Common Stock


First Quarter

  

$

13.00

  

$

3.25

Second Quarter

  

$

6.90

  

$

3.00

Third Quarter

  

$

7.00

  

$

3.01

Fourth Quarter

  

$

5.75

  

$

3.25

Fiscal Year 2002


         

First Quarter

  

$

5.68

  

$

1.96

Second Quarter

  

$

2.24

  

$

1.00

Third Quarter

  

$

1.37

  

$

0.51

Fourth Quarter

  

$

1.28

  

$

0.50

 

There were 324 holders of record of our Common Stock as of February 28, 2003. The number of record holders may not be representative of the number of beneficial owners because many of the shares of our Common Stock are held by depositories, brokers or other nominees.

 

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our Common Stock. We currently intend to retain earnings, if any, to support our growth strategy and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of future dividends, if any, will be at the sole discretion of the Board of Directors after taking into account various factors, including our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements and any plans for expansion.

 

 

12


 

ITEM 6.     SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The selected consolidated financial data set forth below have been derived from our consolidated financial statements. These historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future period. You should read the data set forth below in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in this Report.

 

    

Years Ended December 31,


 
    

2002


    

2001


    

2000


    

1999


    

1998


 
    

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:

                                            

Revenues: