UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
| x | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE |
| SECURITIES | EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| For | the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002 |
OR
| ¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE |
| SECURITIES | EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| For | the transition period from ____________ to ____________ |
Commission file number 333-69620
GE LIFE AND ANNUITY ASSURANCE COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Virginia |
54-0283385 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of |
(I.R.S. Employer |
| 6610 West Broad Street Richmond, Virginia |
23230 |
(804) 281-6000 | ||
| (Address of principal executive offices) |
(Zip Code) |
(Registrants telephone number, | ||
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
None.
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
None.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
At March 7, 2003, 25,651 shares of voting common stock, which constitute all of the outstanding common equity, with a par value of $1,000.00 per share were outstanding.
Aggregate market value of the outstanding common equity held by nonaffiliates of the registrant at March 7, 2003. None.
| Page | ||||
| PART I |
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| Item 1. |
3 | |||
| Item 2. |
16 | |||
| Item 3. |
16 | |||
| Item 4. |
16 | |||
| PART II |
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| Item 5. |
Market for the Registrants Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters |
17 | ||
| Item 6. |
17 | |||
| Item 7. |
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Results of Operations and Financial Condition |
17 | ||
| Item 7A |
29 | |||
| Item 8. |
30 | |||
| Item 9. |
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures |
61 | ||
| PART III |
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| Item 10. |
61 | |||
| Item 11. |
62 | |||
| Item 12. |
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management |
65 | ||
| Item 13. |
66 | |||
| Item 14. |
66 | |||
| PART IV |
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| Item 15. |
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K |
67 |
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PART I
GE Life and Annuity Assurance Company (the Company, we, us, or our unless context otherwise requires) is a stock life insurance company operating under a charter granted by the Commonwealth of Virginia on March 21, 1871 to The Life Insurance Company of Virginia. General Electric Capital Corporation (GE Capital) acquired us from Aon Corporation on April 1, 1996. GE Capital subsequently contributed us to its wholly owned subsidiary, GE Financial Assurance Holdings, Inc., (GE Financial Assurance) and ultimately the majority of the outstanding common stock to General Electric Capital Assurance Company (GECA or GE Capital Assurance). As part of an internal reorganization of GE Financial Assurances insurance subsidiaries, the Harvest Life Insurance Company (Harvest) merged into us on January 1, 1999. At this time we were renamed GE Life and Annuity Assurance Company. Harvests former parent, Federal Home Life Insurance Company (Federal), received our common stock in exchange for its interest in Harvest.
We principally offer annuity contracts, institutional stable value products, and life insurance. We do business in the District of Columbia and all states, except New York. Our principal offices are located at 6610 West Broad Street, Richmond, Virginia 23230.
We are one of a number of subsidiaries of GE Financial Assurance, a holding company that, through its subsidiaries, provides consumers financial security solutions by selling a wide variety of insurance, investment and retirement products, and consumer protection packages primarily in North America and Asia. GE Financial Assurances product offerings are divided along four major segments of consumer needs: (1) Wealth Accumulation and Transfer, (2) Mortgage Insurance, (3) Lifestyle Protection and Enhancement, and (4) Auto and Home Insurance.
As an integral part of GE Financial Assurance, we are able to leverage the strengths of a global organization. We do so to offer consumers a wide variety of products through the convenience of diverse distribution channels. In addition, we are able to utilize GE Financial Assurances centers of excellence to provide world-class customer service within a competitive cost structure.
Our financial information, including the information contained in this report filed on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to the above mentioned reports, may be viewed at the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C., or at the SECs Internet site at www.sec.gov.
Ownership
GE Financial Assurance indirectly owns approximately ninety-seven percent of our outstanding common stock. The stock is owned directly by GE Capital Assurance and Federal. GE Capital Assurance, which directly owns approximately eighty-five percent of our outstanding common stock, and Federal, which owns approximately twelve percent of our outstanding common stock, are both indirectly owned by GE Financial Assurance. The remaining shares of our outstanding common stock are owned by Phoenix Life Insurance Company, Inc. (Phoenix). All of our outstanding non-voting preferred stock is owned by GE Financial Assurance. GE Financial Assurance was a wholly owned subsidiary of GE Capital at December 31, 2002, which in turn is wholly owned, directly or indirectly, by General Electric Company (GE).
On March 5, 2003, GE Capital contributed all of GE Financial Assurance outstanding common stock to GEI, Inc., a newly formed holding company. GEI, Inc., is a wholly-owned subsidiary of GE Capital.
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Strategy
We believe that the following trends have increased and will continue to increase the demand for innovative retirement products and services to solve financial needs and challenges:
| | changes in demographics such as the increased number of baby boomers entering middle and late middle age; |
| | longer life expectancies due to healthy lifestyles and medical advances; |
| | the reduction in government- and employer-sponsored benefit programs; and |
| | growth of the new middle income classes and the shift towards consumers taking control of their own investment, retirement, and protection needs. |
Our strategy, which is integrated with the strategy of GE Financial Assurances other insurance companies, is designed to meet the consumers financial needs created by these trends by offering a broad array of insurance and investment products and services through our two primary channels of distribution.
Our approach is to maintain distinct product and distribution capabilities designed to deliver innovative products and services that help consumers invest, protect, and retire. Most of our products are targeted at middle- to upper-income consumers. To date, we have operated entirely in the United States.
Our strategy is to be a consumer financial solutions provider through:
| | intense customer focus; |
| | expansion of product and distribution channels through core business growth; and |
| | cost and speed competitiveness. |
These elements are further supported by a strong foundation of operating fundamentals. Our strategy consists of the following four elements:
Customer Focus. We focus on two sets of customers: (1) consumers and (2) distribution partners/producers. Our core concept is to be customer needs driven and to simplify consumers financial lives. To accomplish this, we offer not only products but also financial planning tools and education to enable personalized solutions that provide options and choices for consumers and their advisors. By providing financial solutions for every stage of a consumers life, either directly or through our affiliates, we believe we will differentiate ourselves from our competitors and create an affinity with customers that will translate into lifetime relationships. In addition, we focus on continuously expanding the support services and technology offered to our distribution channels
Growth. This element begins with our focus on driving core business growth, building our distribution capabilities, and maintaining a broad range of fresh, innovative products and services. We focus on key customer groups and distribution channels that are well positioned to maximize marketplace penetration. We believe that our customers are becoming increasingly sophisticated in assessing their needs for savings, insurance, and retirement. Our products and services are designed to meet needs based on input from consumers and the distributors who service them. To obtain this input, we endeavor to create and maintain direct contact with both our key consumer and distribution groups. We see branding as increasingly important in the competitive financial services industry. We therefore actively promote the GE brand, which is highly attractive to consumers and distributors.
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Our distribution strategy is focused on penetrating our targeted markets through two types of distribution methods: intermediaries and career or dedicated sales forces.
Through each distribution method, we believe core growth will be driven by the following factors:
| | strong product development; |
| | disciplined marketing and sales; |
| | expansion of specific distribution relationships; and |
| | selective cross marketing of products. |
In addition, we believe our commitment to technology investments has allowed us to capitalize on two fundamental opportunities to further accelerate our growth:
(1) making our existing businesses and ways of serving consumers more effective by being faster and more cost efficient; and
(2) creating entirely new product and service capabilities or processes to build new ways of reaching consumers and our distributors.
Although our primary focus is on increasing our sales of existing products by enhancing our marketing, new product development and service capabilities, and driving distribution efficiency, we will continue to consider opportunities to enter new markets. We believe entry into these new markets will be accomplished through:
| | development of new products for sale through existing or new channels; |
| | creation of new distribution segments; and |
| | alliances with entities with presence in attractive markets or distribution channels. |
Cost and Speed Competitiveness. We recognize that consolidation in the financial services industry will create fewer, but larger, competitors. Our ability to effectively compete will be dependent upon many factors, including our ability to maintain or achieve operating scale and reduce our expenses through areas such as eliminating duplicate functions, utilizing affiliates in lower cost locations (such as India) to centralize back office processes, leveraging buying power, and the use of enhanced technology to achieve operational efficiencies. In addition, we believe the speed and responsiveness of business processes is critical to being competitive. While we believe that the diversity of GE Financial Assurances distribution channels is also a competitive advantage, we recognize the need to coordinate our efforts with our affiliates to provide a unified face to our customers and distributors. We are committed to service excellence through the implementation of quality initiatives and technology to provide timely and efficient response to all consumer inquiries, needs, and requests. In addition, we are continuously analyzing means by which we can leverage technology. We believe the benefits from this initiative include improved customer service, expanded product and service offerings, and increased operating efficiency for both our customers and us. We believe that our continued success will be predicated upon our ability to achieve game-changing efficiencies through the use of new technologies, digital processes, and the Internet.
Strong Foundation of Operating Fundamentals. Our dedication to providing quality products to our customers rests on maintaining a strong risk management, compliance and controllership focus. We believe this focus provides a solid foundation for our successful execution of our business strategy. Risk management, compliance and controllership processes and practices have been a long-standing strength of ours. We have developed processes and practices appropriate for our operating businesses by leveraging the experience of the GE system. We maintain a dynamic system of internal controls designed to ensure financial reporting, appropriate design of products and management of in force blocks of business, sound investment management, adherence to compliances and regulatory practices, protection of physical and intellectual property, and efficient use of resources.
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Operating Segments
Our products are divided along two of GE Financial Assurances four segments of consumer needs:
| | Wealth Accumulation and Transfer and |
| | Lifestyle Protection and Enhancement. |
Wealth Accumulation And Transfer Segment
Customers use Wealth Accumulation and Transfer products as vehicles for accumulating wealth, often on a tax-deferred basis, providing income during retirement, transferring wealth to beneficiaries, or providing a means to replace the insureds income in the event of premature death.
Our principal product lines under the Wealth Accumulation and Transfer segment are:
| | deferred annuities (variable and fixed); |
| | institutional stable value products (guaranteed investment contracts (GICs) and funding agreements); and |
| | life insurance (universal, variable, and interest sensitive). |
Principal Products
Deferred Annuities
Premiums related to single and flexible premium deferred annuities are reported as deposit liabilities in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP).
Variable Annuities. A variable annuity has an accumulation period and a payout period. The main difference from fixed annuities is that the contractholder can place all or a portion of their premiums in a separate account maintained for variable annuities, distinct from our general assets and liabilities. Assets held in separate accounts supporting variable annuity contracts aggregated $6,962.5 million, $8,739.5 million, and $10,112.6 million, at December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. Our deposit liabilities not held in the separate account for variable annuities (i.e., amounts included in future annuity and contract benefits on the Consolidated Balance Sheets) were $1,929 million, $1,319 million, and $541 million as of December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. Our deposits received for variable annuities during these same periods were $1,595 million, $2,279 million, and $3,152 million, respectively.
Contract holders have the discretion to allocate their premiums among several available subaccounts (which invest in portfolios of mutual funds), as well as a fixed account, which is part of the general account assets. The cash surrender value of a variable annuity policy depends on how long payments have been in the policy and the performance of the underlying funds in which the contract holder has allocated assets. There is no guaranteed minimum rate of return in the subaccounts. Similarly, during the variable annuitys payout period, the payments distributed may fluctuate with the performance of the underlying subaccounts selected (a fixed annuity payout may also be available depending upon the individual contract provisions). Variable annuities provide us with fee-based revenue in the form of mortality and expense charges, as well as administrative fees charged to assets allocated to the separate account.
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Many of our variable products include guaranteed minimum death benefit (GMDB) features. As of December 31, 2002, the account value of these products was approximately $8,685 million, with related death benefit exposure of $2,287 million. Approximately 73% of this in-force exposure is reinsured. At December 31, 2002, policies with GMDB features not covered by reinsurance, had an account value of $2,383 million and a related death benefit risk of $409 million. In addition to reinsurance, we establish reserves equal to the accumulated value of the charges for the benefit less any death benefit claims. These reserves are then tested stochastically, using historical return and volatility parameters, to ensure that they are adequate. We evaluate our pricing of the GMDB features and seek price increases when appropriate. Due to reinsurers withdrawing from the market place and revising their quoting processes, we do not anticipate reinsurance to be a viable method of transferring risks for new business in the future.
We have not offered, and do not anticipate offering, variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum income benefits that (i) allow the customer an option whether to exercise the guarantee after the contract has been issued, (ii) allow the customer to allocate assets among multiple subaccounts and (iii) allow the customer to time the market with lump sum investments. These types of products are sometimes referred to as Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit (GMIB) products. In addition, we have not offered variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits, which are sometimes referred to as Guaranteed Minimum Accumulation Benefit (GMAB) products.
One of our variable annuities, the GE Retirement Answer (GERA) annuity, does guarantee a minimum income stream at the end of the accumulation period. However, GERA does not have the other features of a GMIB product described above. GERA is a variable deferred annuity that has a minimum 10-year scheduled purchase payment period. The customer must select the annuitization date at the time of application. The purchase payments are systematically allocated to a single underlying balanced investment portfolio managed by an affiliate. If a contract holder makes the required scheduled payments, they are guaranteed a minimum income stream at the end of the accumulation period. This payment stream may be higher than the minimum based upon the performance of the underlying separate accounts of the product. GERA was a new product in 2002 and our deposits received were $60.7 million. GERA has a different risk profile than the GMIB products discussed above. Purchase payments are invested in a single, balanced portfolio, avoiding the potential concentration of investment risk in less diversified sub-accounts. The scheduled purchase payments automatically dollar cost average the investments during the accumulation period. This dollar cost averaging provides some protection against significant losses during periods of market volatility. GERA also has a ten-year minimum accumulation period and a minimum ten-year payout period, providing further protection against short term market volatility.
Fixed Annuities. A fixed single premium deferred annuity (SPDA) provides for a single premium payment at time of issue, an accumulation period, and an annuity payout period commencing at some future date. A flexible premium deferred annuity (FPDA) provides the same features but allows the owner to make additional payments into the contract. Initially, we credit the account value of the annuity with interest earnings at a current interest rate (the crediting rate) that is guaranteed for a period of time. After this period, the crediting rate is subject to change based on prevailing market rates and product profitability. Each contract also has a minimum guaranteed rate. The accrual of interest during the accumulation period is generally on a tax-deferred basis to the contractholder. After the number of years specified in the annuity contract, the owner may elect to have the proceeds of the annuity paid as a single payment, a specified income for life, or a specified income for a fixed number of years. The owner is permitted at any time during the accumulation period to withdraw all or part of the premium paid plus the amount credited to his account subject to contract provisions which vary from product to product, such as surrender charges and market value adjustments. Our deposit liabilities for fixed annuities as of December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000 were $944.9 million, $1,030 million, and $1,158 million, respectively. Our deposits received for these same periods were $59.2 million, $99.2 million, and $1.2 million, respectively.
At least once each month, we establish an interest-crediting rate for our new fixed SPDA policies and new deposits into FPDA policies. In determining our interest-crediting rate on new deposits, management considers our competitive position, prevailing market rates, and the profitability of the annuity products. After contract issue, we maintain the initial crediting rate for a minimum period of one year. Thereafter, we may adjust the crediting rate not more frequently than once per year for a given deposit. Interest rates credited on our in-force SPDA and FPDA policies ranged from 3.0% to 6.1% during 2002. All of our fixed annuity products have minimum guaranteed crediting rates ranging from 3.0% to 4.0% for the life of the contract.
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A subset of our fixed annuities is the fixed market value adjusted deferred annuity (MVA). This annuity is an SPDA with an MVA feature that increases or decreases the surrender value of the contract in the event that a contractholder surrenders the annuity prior to the end of the guarantee term. The MVA reflects changes in interest rates since the beginning of the guarantee term, thereby protecting us from losses due to higher interest rates at the time of surrender. Our MVA annuities generally have terms of 5, 7, 8, and 10 years. Interest rates credited on our in-force MVA policies ranged from 3.0% to 6.5% during 2002. In 2002, issued MVA policies had surrender charges of 6.0% of the account value starting in the year of policy issue and will decrease to zero at the annuity commencement date (generally age 90 or 10 years after issue). The owner may withdraw the previous 12 months of interest without penalty. At least once each month, we establish an interest-crediting rate for new MVA policies. In determining our interest-crediting rate on new policies, management considers our competitive position, prevailing market rates, and the profitability of the MVA annuity product. After policy issue, we maintain the initial crediting rate for the guarantee period. Thereafter, the policy may renew into any guarantee term from those that we offer. The minimum guaranteed crediting rate for the MVA annuity product is 3% for the life of the policy. The fixed MVA annuity was a new product in 2002. Our deposit liabilities as of December 31, 2002 were $47.9 million and our deposits received for the year ended December 31, 2002 were $47.1 million.
Institutional Stable Value Products
GICs are purchased by Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) qualified benefit plans including, but not limited to, 401(k) plans where plan participants elect a stable value option. Funding agreements, which operate substantially similarly to GICs, are purchased by institutional accredited investors for various kinds of funds and accounts that are not ERISA qualified. Examples of purchasers include money market funds, bank common trust funds, and other corporate and trust accounts. Our deposit liabilities for institutional stable value products as of December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000 were $5,263 million, $5,960 million, and $5,568 million, respectively. Our sales for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000 were $724.9 million, $1,361 million, and $1,945 million, respectively.
GICs typically credit interest at a fixed interest rate and have a fixed maturity typically ranging from 2 to 6 years. A small percentage of our GICs (based on dollar amount) use an index instead of a fixed rate. Both rates and maturities are set at the time of sale. Substantially all GICs allow for the payment of benefits at contract value to ERISA plan participants in the event of death, disability, retirement, or change in investment election. We underwrite these risks before issuing a GIC to a plan. We rarely pay out under these options. In addition, we require plans buying our GICs to have certain restrictions on participant transfers to money market and similar funds in order to reduce disinter-mediation risk. Our GICs can also be terminated prior to their maturity by the contractholder, but only after an adjustment to the contract value for changes in the level of interest rates and the application of a significant penalty (net payment amount may not exceed contract value).
Funding agreements credit interest at a rate that is indexed to U.S. Dollar LIBOR (London Interbank Offered Rate) or that is fixed at the time of purchase. Indexed funding agreements are typically renewed annually, however, a majority of these contracts contain a put provision through which either the company or the contract holders can terminate the funding agreement after giving notice within the contracts specified notice period (generally a period of 90 days or less). The aggregate amount of outstanding funding agreements with put option features were approximately $1,875 million and $2,325 million as of December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively. We have an established a committed line of credit with GNA Corporation, an indirect parent, to provide liquidity in the event of an unusual level of early terminations. We have an aggregate amount outstanding of $685 million of funding agreements that contain no early termination provision and are used by contract holders to back notes they issue to investors.
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The risk management process for funding agreements requires controls on both the liabilities and the assets supporting this product. The liabilities have limits on exposure to a customer, on put exposure to individual customers and on the overall portfolio put exposure. Further, we have established limits for exposure to asset types, maturity terms, index mismatch, and quality ratings. Collectively, we believe these risk management approaches provide for sound product line liquidity.
Life Insurance
We offer permanent life insurance products that provide protection for the entire life of the insured and allow for cash value accumulation. These products include variable life, variable universal life (VUL), interest-sensitive whole life (ISWL), and universal life insurance (UL). Our life insurance policies provide a death benefit payable upon death of the insured. Owners of permanent insurance pay premiums that are applied to account value, net of any expense charges. We deduct cost of insurance charges, which vary by age, gender, plan, and class of insurance from the account value. We determine our cost of insurance each year in advance, which is subject to a maximum stated in each policy. The owner may access account value through policy loans, partial withdrawals, or full surrender of the policy. Some withdrawals and surrenders are subject to surrender charges. Our annualized premiums of life insurance in-force for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000 were $211.8 million, $238.8 million, and $265.9 million, respectively. First year premiums received for these same periods were $28.1 million, $37.5 million, and $47.3 million, respectively.
Our life insurance policies provide a death benefit payable upon death of the insured. Owners of permanent insurance pay premiums that are applied to account value, net of any expense charges. We deduct from the account value cost of insurance charges, which vary by age, gender, plan, and class of insurance. We determine our cost of insurance each year in advance, which is subject to a maximum stated in each policy. The owner may access account value through policy loans, partial withdrawals, or full surrender of the policy. Some withdrawals and surrenders are subject to surrender charges.
We credit the account value for ISWL and UL policies with interest at an interest rate we determine in advance and generally guarantee for a policy year at a time. Policies have a minimum credited interest rate, which varies by policy and ranges from 4.0% to 5.5%. ISWL and UL differ in two major ways. ISWL requires the contractholder to pay a fixed premium we determine each year, while UL allows a contractholder to determine the amount of premium to be paid, subject to certain minimum and maximum values. Also, the ISWL death benefit is fixed at issue, while the contractholder may decrease and (subject to evidence of good health) increase the death benefit on a UL policy.
The main difference between variable life and VUL insurance from non-variable life insurance is that the policyholder can place all or a portion of their premiums in a separate account that is maintained for the relevant variable life insurance policies and that is distinct from our general assets and liabilities. Assets held in separate accounts supporting variable life insurance policies aggregated $220.3 million, $254.8 million, and $280.6 million, at December 31, 2002, 2001, and 2000, respectively. Policyholders may elect to allocate their premiums among several investment subaccounts with varying degrees of risk and investment objectives. A variable life or VUL insurance policys cash surrender value depends on the policys age and the performance of these underlying funds. There is no guaranteed minimum rate in the subaccount components of variable life insurance. Variable life and VUL insurance policies provide us with fee-based revenue in the form of mortality and expense fees and administrative fees charged to the separate account and/or the policyholders account.
Lifestyle Protection and Enhancement Segment
Customers use Lifestyle Protection and Enhancement products to protect their income and assets from the adverse economic impacts of significant health care costs.
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Products
Our principal product line under the Lifestyle Protection and Enhancement segment is accident and health insurance. The primary product in this line is Medicare supplemental insurance. Our Medicare supplemental insurance covers all Medicare eligible expenses incurred for hospitalization to the extent not covered by Medicare. These products are sold to individuals through career agents.
Product/Service Centers
Our primary product service centers for creating and servicing our products are as follows:
| | the annuity and institutional stable value product businesses operate primarily in Richmond, Virginia; and |
| | the life insurance and accident and health business operates primarily in Lynchburg, Virginia |
We leverage GE Financial Assurances global presence to support these service centers through an affiliates operations in India. The Indian operations provide call center support, internet assistance, and new business administration to promote cost efficiencies and to enhance customer service.
Ratings
Ratings with respect to financial strength have become an important factor in establishing the competitive position of insurance companies. Ratings are important to maintaining public confidence in our Company and our ability to market our products. The following reflects ratings for each of the rating agencys opinion of our financial strength, operating performance, and ability to meet our obligations to policyholders.
| A.M. Best Rating |
S&P Rating |
Moodys Rating | ||
| A+ (superior) |
AA (very strong) |
Aa2 (excellent) |
Marketing and Distribution
We currently distribute our products through two primary channels:
| | intermediaries, such as banks, securities brokerage firms, brokerage general agencies (BGAs), financial planning firms, accountants, affluent market producers, and specialized brokers; and |
| | career or dedicated sales forces. |
GE Financial Assurance has developed a web portal called GEFinancialPro.com for our distribution channels and for those of our affiliates. This web portal improves productivity for financial intermediaries and agents by enabling business submissions, account tracking, and status updates through the Internet. In addition, GE Financial Assurance has developed The GE Financial Service site, GEFinancialService.com, for intermediaries and consumers. The GE Financial Service site provides similar services for these customers, giving them the ability to change information like addresses and their investment accounts online.
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Intermediaries
Banks and Securities Brokerages. Banks and securities brokerage firms are a significant channel for our fixed and variable annuities, and life insurance products. This channel is focused on the growing retirement income market and has increased the sales force to capture a larger share of the variable annuity marketplace.
Approximately 26% of our variable annuity product sales in 2002 were through two national stock brokerage firms. However, we do not believe that the loss of such business would have a long-term adverse effect on our business and operations due to our competitive position in the marketplace, the availability of business from other distributors, the growth of the independent broker-dealer and financial planner channels, and our mix and penetration of other products.
BGAs. We, as well as our affiliates, distribute many of our products through more than 300 independent insurance brokerage firms located throughout the United States. These BGAs market our products through licensed insurance agents or brokers, who also represent other companies. We believe our consistent commitment to this system has helped us earn a reputation as a leading provider of insurance products among BGAs.
Financial Planners, Accountants, and Affluent Market Producer Groups. We sell some of our products through financial planners, accountants, and affluent market producer groups. These groups emphasize providing investment and insurance products to middle and upper income individuals. We believe that financial planners, accountants, and affluent market producer groups present a sound opportunity for growth within the intermediary distribution channel.
Specialized Brokers. We sell GICs via fund managers, employee benefit investment advisors, directly to large employee benefit plans, and through GIC brokers. We sell funding agreements directly, as well as through brokers.
Career or Dedicated Sales Forces
Our career or dedicated sales forces consist primarily of non-employees who sell some of our products on an exclusive basis. All non-employee dedicated sales force agents are affiliated with an insurance agency. We compensate dedicated sales forces primarily on a commission basis.
These agents develop customized solutions for customers future financial requirements by using our annuity and life insurance products. They offer customers financial profiles to assist their understanding and development of financial objectives. They identify prospective customers through:
| | direct mail solicitation; |
| | educational seminars; |
| | policyholder referrals; and |
| | targeted promotions linked to our national advertising campaigns. |
Employees
We had approximately 726 employees as of December 31, 2002.
Competition
We operate in a highly competitive environment. We believe GE Financial Assurance has assembled a unique collection of products and distribution channels, in which we participate. However, there are competitors that also have assembled a similar array of financial products and have similar strategic goals. We believe that the principal competitive factors in the sale of insurance and annuity products are product features, commission structure,
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perceived stability of the insurer, issuer financial strength ratings, service, name recognition, price, and cost efficiency. Many other companies are capable of competing for sales in our target markets. Our ability to compete is affected in part by our ability to provide competitive products and quality service to the consumer, general agents, licensed insurance agents, and brokers. However, we believe that we compete primarily on the basis of our high level of customer focus, our brand and financial strength, and our competitively priced products.
Risk Management, Compliance, and Controllership
We maintain a strong commitment to risk management and compliance. For example, our commitment to risk management processes, compliance, and controllership processes includes requiring underwriting of all new products and reviews of all existing product performance, both of which are reviewed by a team of risk managers and actuaries. In addition, both internal and external periodic reviews of our products, internal processes, and pricing strategies are conducted. We also have obtained Insurance Marketplace Standards Association (IMSA) certification and have committed to engrain compliance into each and every business function that touches our customers. Our compliance objective is not to just comply with rules and regulations but also demonstrate a level of business integrity that instills consumer trust in our products and in the insurance industry in general. We were awarded the American Council of Life Insurers highest award for integrity, the ACLI Integrity First Award, for the second straight year.
We maintain a dynamic system of disclosure controls and procedures, including internal controls over financial reporting designed to ensure reliable financial record-keeping, transparent financial reporting and disclosure, and protection of physical and intellectual property. We utilize internal auditors who conduct various audits each year. Senior management oversees the scope and results of these reviews. We continuously reinforce key employee responsibilities around the world through GEs integrity policies, our Spirit & Letter, which requires compliance with law and policy, including financial integrity and avoiding conflicts of interest. These integrity policies are provided to each employee. The team of internal auditors conducts extensive inquires into compliance with these policies. A strong compliance culture requires employees to raise any concerns and prohibits retribution for doing so. All employees, including top management, are accountable for compliance with integrity policies.
We are keenly aware of the importance of full and open presentation of our financial position and operating results. To facilitate this, we maintain a Disclosure Committee, which consists of senior executives who possess exceptional knowledge of our business. We have asked this Committee to evaluate our disclosure controls and procedures, as well as the completeness and accuracy of our financial disclosures, and to report their findings to us.
Underwriting
Insurance underwriting involves a determination of the type and amount of risk that an insurer is willing to accept. Our underwriters evaluate each policy application on the basis of the information provided by the applicant and others. We follow detailed and uniform underwriting practices and procedures, including using certified digital underwriting applications, designed to properly assess and quantify risks before issuing coverage to qualified applicants. The long-term profitability of our products is affected by the degree to which future experience deviates from these assumptions.
Reserves
We establish and carry as liabilities actuarially determined reserves that are calculated to meet our future obligations. Future benefit liabilities for traditional long-duration life insurance contracts and accident and health insurance are based on assumptions with regard to interest, mortality, morbidity, and voluntary withdrawal, and were determined at the date of issue of the policy or date of acquisitions, and may include margins for adverse deviation. These assumptions are appropriate for the contracts being valued, and are computed such that, the reserve
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amounts, together with additions from premiums to be received and with interest on such reserves compounded annually at certain assumed rates, are expected to be sufficient to meet our policy obligations for withdrawal, morbidity, and death.
Future benefit liabilities for non-traditional long duration contracts such as interest sensitive life, variable annuities and variable life insurance, are generally based on policyholder account values, to include premiums collected, interest credited, deduction of policy charges, and market performance. Reserves for guaranteed minimum death benefits for variable annuities are based on accumulated charges less claims. Reserves include contract reserves, unearned premiums, due and unpaid premiums, premium deposits, claims reported but not yet paid, and claims incurred but not reported.
The stability of non-traditional long duration contract reserves on contracts such as interest sensitive life, variable annuities, and variable life insurance is enhanced by policy restrictions on the withdrawal of funds. Withdrawals in excess of allowable penalty-free amounts are generally assessed a surrender charge during a penalty period ranging up to 10 years. Depending on the product, the basis for surrender charges can be a percentage of premium, a percentage of accumulation value or a factor related to face amount of insurance. Such percentages and factors generally decrease gradually during the penalty period. Surrender charges are set at levels to protect us from loss on early terminations. This lengthens the effective duration of policy liabilities and improves our ability to maintain profitability on such policies. For traditional long duration contracts, funds are either not available for withdrawal or are based on fully withdrawalable fixed tables of surrender values.
Reinsurance
We follow the industry practice of reinsuring (ceding) portions of our insurance risks with reinsurance companies. The use of reinsurance permits us to write policies in amounts larger than the risk we are willing to retain on any one life, and also to continue writing a larger volume of new business. The maximum amount of individual life insurance we normally retain on any one insured with an issue age up to 75 is $1 million and for issue ages over 75 is $100,000. Certain accident and health insurance policies are reinsured on either a quota share or excess of loss basis. We also use reinsurance for our GMDB options offered in variable annuities. We cede insurance primarily on a treaty basis, under which risks are ceded to a reinsurer on specific blocks of business where the underlying risks meet certain predetermined criteria. To a lesser extent, we cede insurance risks on a facultative basis, under which the reinsurers prior approval is required on each risk reinsured. The types of reinsurance we use do not discharge us from liability on the insurance ceded. We are required to pay the full amount of our insurance obligations regardless of whether we are entitled or able to receive payments from the reinsurer. We do not have significant concentrations of reinsurance risk with any one reinsurer.
Regulation
General Regulation at State Level
Our insurance business is subject to comprehensive state regulation and supervision throughout the United States. The laws of the various jurisdictions establish supervisory agencies with broad administrative powers with respect to, among other things, licensing to transact business, licensing agents, admitting of assets, regulating premium rates, approving policy forms, regulating unfair trade and claims practices, establishing reserve requirements and solvency standards, fixing maximum interest rate on life insurance policy loans and minimum rates for accumulation of surrender values, restricting certain transactions between affiliates, and regulating the type, amounts, and valuations of investments permitted.
State statutory and regulatory restrictions limit the amount of dividends or distributions an insurance company may pay to its shareholders without regulatory approval.
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Virginia, our state of domicile, allows insurance companies domiciled in the state to pay dividends up to the lesser of 10% of prior year statutory surplus or 100% of prior year statutory net gain from operations. Dividends paid or distributed within any twelve consecutive months in excess of the prescribed limits are deemed extraordinary and require formal approval by the Commonwealth of Virginia State Corporation Commission, Bureau of Insurance (the Commission).
Virginia insurance laws provide that no person may acquire control of us without the prior approval of the Commission. Any person who acquires beneficial ownership of 10% or more of our voting securities would be presumed to have acquired control. However, the Commission may, upon application, determine otherwise.
We are required to file detailed annual statements with the Commission and with insurance supervisory departments in each of the jurisdictions in which we do business. Our operations and accounts are subject to examination by these departments at regular intervals. We prepare statutory financial statements in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Commission, our principal insurance regulator. Prescribed statutory accounting practices include publications of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC), as well as state laws, regulations, and general administrative rules.
The NAIC has established risk-based capital (RBC) standards to determine the amount of Total Adjusted Capital (as defined by NAIC) that an insurance company must have, taking into account the risk characteristics of such companys investments and liabilities. The formula establishes a standard of capital adequacy that is related to risk. The RBC formula establishes capital requirements for four categories of risk: asset risk, insurance risk, interest rate risk and business risk. For each category, the capital requirements are determined by applying specified factors to various assets, premium, reserve and other items, with the factor being higher for items with greater underlying risk and lower for items with less risk. The formula is used by insurance regulators as an early warning tool to identify deteriorating or weakly capitalized companies for the purpose of initiating regulatory action. At December 31, 2002, each of our insurance subsidiaries had total adjusted capital in excess of amounts requiring company action or any level of regulatory action at any prescribed RBC Level.
For each category, the capital requirements are determined by applying specified factors to various asset, premium, reserve, and other items. The factor will be higher for items with greater underlying risk and lower for items with less risk. Insurance regulators use the formula as an early warning tool to identify deteriorating or weakly capitalized companies for the purpose of initiating regulatory action.
Regulatory Initiatives
State insurance regulators and the NAIC are continually re-examining existing laws and regulations, with a specific focus on insurance company investments and solvency issues, risk-adjusted capital guidelines, interpretation of existing laws, development of new laws, implementation of non-statutory guidelines, and circumstances under which dividends may be paid.
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These initiatives may be adopted by the various states in which we are licensed. However, the ultimate content and timing of any statutes and regulations adopted by the states cannot be determined at this time. It is impossible to predict the future impact of changing state and federal regulations on our operations. In addition, there can be no assurance that existing or future insurance-related laws and regulations will not become more restrictive.
Regulation at Federal Level
Although the federal government does not directly regulate the business of insurance, federal legislation and administrative policies in several areas, including financial services regulation, pension regulation, and federal taxation, can significantly and adversely affect the insurance industry and our business.
For example, the federal government has from time to time considered other legislative or regulatory changes that could affect us. This includes:
| | legislation relating to the deferral of taxation on the accretion of value within certain annuities and life insurance products; |
| | changes in ERISA regulations; and |
| | the alteration of the federal income tax structure. |
The ultimate effect of any of these changes, if implemented, is uncertain. However, both the persistency of our existing products and our ability to sell products may be materially impacted in the future.
Another example is the implementation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA). HIPAA established various requirements related to health benefit plans including medical, dental, and long-term care insurance plans. It generally applies to insurers, providers, and employers. When enacted in 1996, its initial focus was on health benefit plan portability. HIPAA also contains administrative simplification and privacy provisions that were designed to encourage the electronic exchange of health care information and the protection of personal health information. The privacy provisions are to be implemented through regulations issued by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, which regulations were issued in December 2000. The earliest compliance date for the new regulations is April 2003. HIPAA provides for significant fines and other penalties for wrongful disclosure of protected health information. We have modified certain aspects of our infrastructure and procedures to comply with the new requirements. However, we do not expect these changes to have a material impact on our business.
Securities Laws
Some of our policies and contracts are subject to regulation under the federal securities laws administered by the SEC and certain state securities laws. Some of our separate accounts are registered as unit investment trusts under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. Some of our annuity contracts and all of our variable life insurance policies are registered under the Securities Act of 1933. Distribution of our variable products is subject to broker-dealer regulation by the SEC and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.
Federal and state securities laws and regulations are primarily intended to benefit owners of our variable annuity and variable life insurance products. These laws and regulations generally grant supervisory agencies broad administrative powers, including the power to limit or restrict the carrying on of business for failure to comply with these laws and regulations. In such event, the possible sanctions that may be imposed include suspension of individual employees, suspension or revocation of one or more registered separate accounts registration as an investment company, censure, and fines.
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ERISA
Some of our products are purchased by qualified employee benefit plans. With respect to employee tax favored retirement plans subject to ERISA, Congress periodically has considered amendments to the laws federal preemption provision, which would expose us, and the insurance industry generally, to state law causes of action, and accompanying extra-contractual (e.g., punitive) damages in lawsuits involving, for example, group life and group disability claims. To date, all such amendments to ERISA that would be expected to significantly affect our business have been defeated.
Forward-Looking Statements
This document includes certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward looking statements include statements which represent our belief regarding potential investments gains and losses, recoverability of intangible assets, the effects of competition, the impact of adopting accounting rules, the risk profile of our products, the effectiveness of our liability assets management program, and the adequacy of reserves. These statements are based on our current expectation and are subject to uncertainty and changes in circumstances. Actual results may differ materially from these expectations due to changes in global economic, business, competitive market, and regulatory factors. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
We conduct our business from various facilities, all of which are leased except for one building in Richmond, Virginia, which we own.
We, like other insurance companies, are involved in lawsuits, including class action lawsuits. In some class action and other lawsuits involving insurance companies, substantial damages have been sought and/or material settlement payments have been made. Except for the McBride case described below, the ultimate outcome of which, and any effect on us, cannot be determined at this time, management believes that at the present time there are no pending or threatened lawsuits that are reasonably likely to have a material adverse impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
On November 1, 2000, GE Life and Annuity Assurance Company (GE Life) was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed in Georgia state court related to the sale of universal life insurance policies (McBride v. Life Insurance Co. of Virginia dba GE Life and Annuity Assurance Co.). On December 1, 2000, we successfully removed the case to the United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia. The complaint is brought as a class action on behalf of all persons who purchased certain universal life insurance policies from GE Life and alleges improper sales practices in connection with the sale of universal life policies. No class has been certified. On February 27, 2002, the Court denied our motion for summary judgment. We have vigorously denied liability with respect to the plaintiffs allegations and the ultimate outcome, and any effect on us, of the McBride litigation cannot be determined at this time.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Information omitted in accordance with General Instruction I (2)(c).
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PART II
Item 5. Market For the Registrants Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
All of our common stock, our sole class of common equity on the date hereof, is owned by GE Capital Assurance, Federal, and Phoenix. Accordingly, there is no public trading market for our common equity.
As previously discussed, our ability to pay dividends is restricted by state insurance law (See Regulation, General Regulation at State Level).