United States
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
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Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001 or |
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Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from to |
Commission file number: 0-22660
TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
95-3654013 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
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2300 N.E. Brookwood Parkway Hillsboro, Oregon (Address of principal executive offices) |
97124 (Zip Code) |
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (503) 615-9000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.001 par value
(Type of Class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based upon the closing sale price of the Common Stock on December 31, 2001 reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market, was approximately $1,517,192,716. Shares of Common Stock held by each executive officer and director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
As of December 31, 2001, the registrant had outstanding 131,141,213 shares of Common Stock.
The Index to Exhibits appears on page 46 of this document.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The registrant has incorporated into Part III of Form 10-K by reference portions of its Proxy Statement for its 2002 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
TRIQUINT SEMICONDUCTOR, INC.
2001 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page |
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| PART I | ||||
ITEM 1. |
BUSINESS |
3 |
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| ITEM 2. | PROPERTIES | 18 | ||
| ITEM 3. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 18 | ||
| ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS | 18 | ||
PART II |
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ITEM 5. |
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
19 |
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| ITEM 6. | SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA | 20 | ||
| ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 21 | ||
| ITEM 7(a). | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 43 | ||
| ITEM 8. | CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND CONSOLIDATED SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL DATA | 44 | ||
| ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE | 45 | ||
PART III |
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ITEM 10. |
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT |
45 |
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| ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION | 45 | ||
| ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT | 45 | ||
| ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS | 46 | ||
PART IV |
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ITEM 14. |
EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K |
46 |
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PART I
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the sections entitled "Business" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" contains both historical information and forward-looking statements about TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc (TriQuint, we, us or our company). A number of factors affect our operating results and could cause our actual future results to differ materially from any forward-looking results discussed below, including, but not limited to, those related to operating results; demand for integrated circuits and the electronic products into which they are manufactured, including wireless phones; investments in new facilities; sales to a limited number of customers; new competitive technologies; growth and diversification of our markets; startup of new facilities; transition of manufacturing processes from four-inch to six-inch wafers; integration of our acquisition of Sawtek Inc. (Sawtek) and integration of any future acquisitions. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may", "will", "should", "expects", "anticipates", "intends", "plans", "thinks", "believes", "estimates", "predicts", "potential", "continue", "our future success depends", "seek to continue" or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions. Actual events or results may differ materially. In addition, historical information should not be considered an indicator of future performance. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, the risks discussed in the section of this report titled "Risk Factors and Uncertainties". These factors may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Moreover, neither we nor any other person assumes responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of these statements. We are under no duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to conform these statements to actual results.
Overview
We are a leading supplier of high-performance components and modules for communications applications. We design, develop, manufacture and market a broad range of high-performance integrated circuits, bandpass filters, resonators, oscillators and other products for communications markets. The specific applications served by our products in these communication markets include wireless phones, base stations, optical networks and broadband and microwave with a specific focus on radio frequency (RF), analog, and mixed-signal applications. Our components and modules are incorporated into a variety of communications products, including wireless phones and pagers, base stations for wireless communications, digital microwave communication systems, fiber optic telecommunications equipment, satellite communications systems, data and wireless local area networking products, broadband access systems and aerospace applications. We provide customers with standard and custom products as well as foundry services.
Our products are designed on various wafer substrates such as gallium arsenide (GaAs), silicon germanium (SiGe) and quartz, using a variety of devices including Pseudomorphic High Electron Mobility Transistor (pHEMT), Heterojunction Bipolar Transistor (HBT), Heterostructure Field Effect Transistor (HFET), Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MESFET) and Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW). Using these materials, devices, and our proprietary technology, our products can overcome the performance barriers of competing devices in a variety of applications and offer other key advantages such as steeper selectivity, lower distortion, reduced size and weight and more precise frequency control. For example, GaAs has inherent physical properties that allow its electrons to move up to five times faster than those of silicon. This higher electron mobility permits the manufacture of GaAs integrated circuits that
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operate at much higher speeds than silicon devices, or operate at the same speeds with reduced power consumption. We sell our products worldwide to end-user customers, including Agere Systems Inc., The Boeing Company, Ericsson Inc., Finisar Corp., LG Group, Motorola, Inc., Nokia Corporation, Nortel Networks Corporation, Raytheon Company and Samsung Microelectronics.
In the United States, we have design and manufacturing facilities in Oregon, Texas and Florida and a design facility in Massachusetts. We also have an assembly facility in Costa Rica and design facility in Taiwan. We own and operate our own wafer fabrication and product test facilities and use our proprietary processes to produce RF, analog and mixed-signal components and modules cost-effectively in high volumes. We believe that control of these manufacturing processes provides us with a reliable source of supply, greater opportunities to enhance quality, reliability and manufacturing efficiency. In addition, control of our manufacturing process and our combined research and design capabilities assist us to develop new processes and products and to be more responsive to customer requirements. We have also established a strategic foundry business serving leading communications companies.
We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware. Our principal executive offices are located at 2300 N.E. Brookwood Parkway, Hillsboro, Oregon 97124 and our telephone number at that location is (503) 615-9000.
Industry Background
Market demands for higher levels of performance in electronic communications systems have produced an increasing number of varied, complex applications. The increased capabilities of these new systems, in turn, are spawning new markets and a further proliferation of new, sophisticated applications. Many of these new applications have emerged in the wireless communications, telecommunications, data communications and microwave and millimeter wave communications industries.
The wireless communications industry is constantly changing with the advent of new applications such as digital wireless telephones, personal communication systems (PCS), handheld navigation products based on the global positioning satellite (GPS) standard, satellite communications, wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless internet and cable television/cable modem. Wireless communications systems can offer the functional advantages of wired systems without the costly and time-consuming development of an extensive wired infrastructure, which is of particular importance in developing parts of the world. In addition, many of these new applications require battery-powered portability. The proliferation of some of these new applications has led to increased communication traffic resulting in congestion of the existing assigned frequency bands. As a consequence, wireless communications are moving to higher, less congested frequency bands. The advantages of wireless communications systems as well as the increasing demand for wireless communications at higher frequencies continue to drive worldwide growth in existing systems and continue to drive the emergence of new markets and applications.
The telecommunications industry is encountering increasing demand for higher transmission rates and increased capacity to accommodate the growth of traditional voice traffic as well as higher levels of traffic arising from widely-used applications such as facsimile communications and Internet services. Today's advanced telecommunications systems employ high-speed switching networks and fiber optic cable operating in accordance with high frequency standards such as synchronous optical network (SONET), synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH), integrated services digital network (ISDN) and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM). For example, high-performance SONET telecommunications systems can operate at frequencies of 10 gigabits per second (Gbits/sec) or higher. The advent of video communications and multimedia, which combines voice, video and data are placing further demands on these systems for even higher transmission rates.
In the data communications industry, data processing speeds have increased rapidly, bringing more computing power to individual users. The demand to share data and peripheral equipment among these users has led to the widespread use of networking systems operating at increasing speeds. Today's
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advanced data communication systems, based on standards such as Fibre Channel and Gigabit Ethernet as well as proprietary links, are used to transmit data at rates up to 2.5 Gbits/sec.
The microwave and millimeter wave communications industry utilizes advanced monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) and SAW filter products for aerospace, defense and commercial applications. Aerospace and defense applications include high power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, switches and attenuators for use in a variety of advanced requirements such as active array radar, missiles, electronic warfare systems and space communications systems. Commercial applications for products and services in this frequency range include wireless telephone applications, optical fiber links and switching networks, Local Multipoint Distribution System (LMDS) systems, phased-array radar and satellite earth station transmitters.
To address the market demands for higher levels of performance, electronic communications systems manufacturers have relied heavily on advances in high-performance components and modules such as those we produce. Until recently, the predominant semiconductor technologies used in advanced electronic systems have been silicon-based complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) and emitter coupled logic process technologies. In addition, traditional signal processing technologies included lumped element filters, ceramic filters, and bulk acoustic wave crystal filters, resonators and oscillators. However, today's high-performance electronic systems require further advances in performance than these technologies can provide.
One way to improve performance is to combine analog and digital circuitry on the same device. This combination, known as mixed-signal technology, can provide higher levels of integration (smaller size and increased functionality), reduced power consumption and higher operating frequencies. Higher levels of integration can result in smaller devices with increased functionality. Notwithstanding the benefits of mixed-signal technology, the performance requirements of certain critical system functions generally cannot be achieved using silicon-based semiconductors or filters, resonators and oscillators based on traditional technologies. As a result, systems manufacturers are seeking components and modules which can overcome these performance limitations. GaAs and SiGe semiconductor technology has become an effective alternative or complement to silicon solutions in many high-performance applications. The higher electron mobility of GaAs permits GaAs integrated circuits to operate at higher speeds than silicon devices or at the same speeds with lower power consumption. In addition, SAW technology offers a number of advantages over traditional filter technologies, including precise frequency control and selectivity, reduced size and weight, high reliability, environmental stability and the ability to pass RF signals with minimal distortion.
In many new applications, GaAs and SiGe integrated circuits and SAW filters enable high-performance systems to process signals and information more quickly and more precisely. In addition, the use of these components in high-performance communications systems can reduce system power requirements and the physical size and weight of the system, important elements in battery-powered or portable applications. These characteristics, combined with the systems requirements of the communications industry, have led to the use of our components in high volumes to complement silicon devices in a wide range of commercial and aerospace systems.
Electronic communications systems manufacturers, particularly wireless handset manufacturers, are also moving increasingly toward designing integrated radio modules into their phones, rather than the individual components comprising these modules. By doing this, the handset manufacturers can continue to achieve cost reductions, optimization of design and increasingly smaller size of their phones. Our high-performance GaAs and SiGe integrated circuits and our SAW filters, resonators and oscillators comprise some of the primary components in these radio modules. Because of this, we believe we are well-positioned to continue to support the growth and performance level demands of the electronic communications system industry.
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TriQuint Strategy
We are a leading supplier of high-performance components and modules for communications applications. We design, develop, manufacture and market a broad range of high-performance integrated circuits, bandpass filters, resonators, oscillators and other products for communications markets. These markets include wireless phones, base stations, optical networks and broadband and microwave with a specific focus on RF, analog and mixed-signal applications. Key elements of our strategy include:
Focusing on RF, Analog and Mixed-Signal Design Excellence. We have made substantial investments in our RF, analog and mixed-signal circuit design capabilities. Our design teams have specialized expertise to address the needs of each of our target markets. The foundation of our design resources is an extensive library of digital and analog cells and associated software tools and databases necessary to develop new products rapidly and cost-effectively. We believe that our RF, analog and mixed-signal design capabilities provide us with a competitive advantage in designing and developing integrated circuits and SAW-based products for standard or customer-specific products in our target markets.
Diversification of Business Models, Market Applications, Technologies and Customers. We offer a broad range of standard and customer-specific products, as well as manufacturing and design services, which address numerous end-user applications in a variety of communications markets. Our primary application areas are wireless phones, wireless infrastructure, optical networks and broadband microwave equipment. Our products are designed on various wafer substrates such as GaAs, SiGe, indium phosphide (InP), lithium tantalate and quartz, using a variety of technologies including pHEMT, HBT, HFET, MESFET, and SAW. We delivered products and services to more than 400 customers during 2001. In addition, we had 34 customers that each contributed $1.0 million or more to our revenues in 2001.
Targeting High-Growth Markets with High-Performance Solutions. We plan to continue to develop and produce high-performance RF, analog and mixed-signal electronic components and modules. Over the past year, we have added SAW filters to our portfolio of high-performance solutions by merging with Sawtek, which enables us to offer a complete array of RF products for wireless phones. We have also expanded our product portfolio in broadband and microwave applications and added several products to our optical networking product line. Our new products are focused on modules for wireless phones, expanding our presence in Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) wireless phones, new SAW filter applications and new applications for optical networks and broadband and microwave equipment.
Offering Foundry Services. Our foundry capabilities are a key element in forming long-term partnerships with our customers and enable us to capitalize further on the growth in communications markets. Through our foundry services, we are able to offer our customers a variety of product options and services for the development of customer-specific products. We offer services that include design, wafer fabrication, test engineering, package engineering, assembly and test. We also believe many semiconductor companies are embracing a manufacturing outsourcing model. As a result, foundries will play an important role in the overall growth of the semiconductor industry. We intend to continue to expand our foundry capabilities, including our integrated circuit manufacturing, post-fabrication and product engineering services, in order to meet the needs of our customers. Our foundry services assist us to continue to meet the continually changing needs of our electronic communications system customers.
Capitalizing on Partnerships with Industry Leaders in our Target Markets. We plan to continue to establish and maintain close working relationships with industry leaders in our target markets. We also intend to establish strategic relationships with companies that provide access to new technologies, products and markets. These relationships are critical to providing us with insights into future customer requirements, which facilitates the timely development of new products and services to meet the changing needs of our target markets. Our strategic partnerships include development, manufacturing or foundry relationships with Atmel, Inc., LG Inotek, Samsung, Agere Systems, Boeing, Ericsson, Finisar, Hittite Microwave Corp., Philips Semiconductor, Raytheon and Schlumberger Limited.
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Markets and Applications
We focus on four markets in the electronic communications system industry: wireless phones, base stations, optical networks and broadband and microwave equipment.
Wireless Phones. The demand for wireless phones has experienced growth over the past several years as a result of increased demand for portable voice and data communication capabilities. In addition to portability, there has also been increasing demand for wireless phones to contain signal quality similar to wired communication systems, be smaller and lighter, accommodate longer talk time and standby time, and contain complex functionality. In addition, this increase in wireless phone communication traffic has resulted in congestion of the assigned frequency bands. As a consequence, wireless communications are moving to higher, less congested frequency bands. Frequency bands are allocated to the various wireless communications applications by government regulatory bodies throughout the world. The allocation is based, among other factors, upon the availability of unallocated frequency bands and the ability of equipment to operate effectively in these bands. As the lower frequency bands become fully allocated and congested, and the volume and rate of communications increases, the trend is toward the allocation and use of higher frequency bands. While the wireless phone market has grown over the past several years, it experienced a decline in 2001 due to the overall slowdown in the economy.
Our use of various wafer substrates such as GaAs, SiGe, InP, lithium tantalate and quartz, and a variety of technologies including pHEMT, HBT, HFET, MESFET and SAW provides us with the ability to satisfy these market demands. In many wireless phone applications, these substrate materials and devices can provide key performance advantages over silicon, such as higher frequency operation, improved signal reception and transmission, better signal processing in congested bands and greater power efficiency for longer battery life.
We believe that we provide not only the broadest product offering for the RF front-end portion of wireless phones, but also to integrate many of the functions into module form. Our merger with Sawtek now provides us with a full range of RF and intermediate frequency (IF) SAW filters that can be sold as part of our product offerings or integrated into modules along with our various transceiver and power amplifier products. During 2001, we announced a wide range of new products including HBT power amps, SiGe-based products, SAW-based duplexers and various receiver design wins. In addition, our SAW-based RF filters introduced in 2000 have gained significant market acceptance and are now our highest volume product.
Base Stations. Base stations are one significant element of the infrastructure necessary to operate wireless phones. The demand for base station equipment is related to network build-out plans of network operators and is highly dependent upon the availability of capital equipment budgets. In 2001, demand in the base station market was down compared to 2000 due to reduced capital spending by network operators.
In the past, we participated in the base station equipment market primarily through our foundry services. As a consequence of our merger with Sawtek, our participation in this market has increased significantly. We believe we are the leading supplier of SAW filters for both GSM and CDMA base stations. As base stations evolve to 2.5G and 3G networks and as the United States evolves from networks that predominantly use TDMA to networks that predominantly use GSM and CDMA, we are extending our leadership position as the SAW filter supplier of choice. We believe that our long relationships with the major base station equipment providers and our design and manufacturing capabilities put us in a unique position to continue to support this market with innovative SAW solutions.
Looking forward, we believe there are three major drivers to the base station equipment market. The first is the continued aggressive deployment of base stations in China. The second is the build-out of GSM/EDGE networks for the United States and Latin America to upgrade the existing TDMA networks. The third is build-out of WCDMA systems.
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Optical Networks. The fiber optic network market has grown with increased demand for the transmission and manipulation of large amounts of information at high speeds and with high integrity. Fiber optic network demand has occurred for both the telecommunications and data communications markets. The expansion has been driven by increasing Internet usage, business networking and facsimile and voice traffic, as well as the ongoing upgrade of existing systems to fiber optic components.
Fiber optic cables can transmit data at rates many times greater than copper lines. A single fiber can cost-effectively replace multiple copper lines. Optical networks operate in accordance with high frequency standards such as SONET, SDH, ISDN and ATM. For example, high-performance SONET telecommunications systems can operate at frequencies of 10 Gb/s or higher. Internet applications, video communications and multimedia applications continue to place demands on these systems for even higher transmission rates.
To fully utilize the benefits of fiber optic cable, the electronic processors and modules in these networks must be able to operate at speeds up to 40 Gb/s cost-effectively and efficiently and still meet established signal quality and data integrity standards. Our optical networking products specifically target the need for these high-performance, integrated devices and support all optical network standards. We offer a variety of products that include multiplexers and demultiplexers, laser/modulator drivers, photo detectors and transimpedance amplifiers. The optical networks market and demand for our products targeted at these applications were depressed in 2001, and we expect continued softness through 2002.
Broadband and Microwave. We define this market as communications applications other than mobile phones, base stations for mobile phones or optical networks. Examples of broadband applications are military radar, high-frequency radios for point-to-point systems, satellite communications, cable components, WLAN and LMDS applications.
Demand in this broadband and microwave market is driven by aerospace and defense applications as well as commercial applications in the 10 to 100 GHz frequency range. Aerospace and defense applications include high power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, switches and attenuators for use in a variety of equipment such as phased-array radar, electronic warfare systems and space communications systems. Commercial applications for products and services in this frequency range include wireless phone applications, optical fiber links and switching networks, LMDS systems, phased-array radar and satellite communications.
Some of our largest customers in this market are defense subcontractors to the U.S. government. The U.S. military uses our products in phased-array radar to identify, track, and target aircraft of unknown origin. The capability to track multiple targets simultaneously is one of the key enhancements found on the new generation of fighters such as the F-22 Raptor and Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). We have been selected to provide a high-power amplifier component for the JSF program. We are a leading supplier of space-based satellite components. We already participate in the phased-arrays and have begun to design products for the numerous ground based radios which will be required for satellite-based Internet application. In broadband applications, we provide products for cable and wireless high-speed Internet services and wireless distribution of phone, video and interactive television services.
Products
We offer a broad array of RF, analog, and mixed-signal integrated circuit and SAW filter products to address the needs of our target markets. We utilize high-frequency substrate materials such as GaAs, SiGe and InP and high-performance technologies such as pHEMT, HBT, HFET, MESFET and SAW to design and manufacture products which overcome the performance barriers of silicon devices. Our products offer other key advantages such as steeper selectivity, lower distortion, reduced size and weight and more precise frequency control. Our broad range of standard and customer-specific integrated circuits and SAW filters, combined with our manufacturing and design services, allow customers to select the specific product solution which best fulfills their technical and time-to-market requirements.
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Standard Products
We offer families of standard products for each of our target market application areas. These include:
Wireless Phones. Our products include receivers, power amplifiers, switches, low-loss transversal filters, reflective low-loss filters, resonator filters and front-end radio modules. These products address the needs of system designers for low noise, power efficient amplification, low loss switching and efficient and accurate frequency conversion.
Base Stations. Our products include bi-directional transversal filters, low-loss transversal filters, reflective low-loss filters and oscillators. We believe that we are the leading supplier of SAW filters for base stations. Our products support GSM, EDGE, CDMA and 3G networks.
Optical Networks. Our products include multiplexers, demultiplexers, laser/modulator drivers, photo detectors, transimpedance amplifiers and clock and data recovery devices. These products support the high-performance telecommunications standardsSONET, SDH, ISDN and ATMand the data communications standardsGigabit Ethernet and Fibre Channel.
Broadband and Microwave. Our products include high power amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, switches, attenuators, switches, discrete integrated circuits, bi-directional transversal filters, low-loss transversal filters, resonators and oscillators. We support numerous applications in this market including radar systems, satellite, point-to-point radios, LMDS and cable.
Customer-Specific Products and Services
We offer our customers a variety of product options and services for the development of customer-specific products. Our services include design, wafer fabrication, test engineering, package engineering, assembly and test. We generally receive revenue from customer-specific products and services at two stages: when the design is developed and engineered; and when we manufacture the device. We focus the development of our customer-specific products on applications involving volume production requirements. As is typical in the semiconductor industry, customer-specific products are developed for specific applications. As a result, we expect to generate production revenues only from those customer-specific products that are subsequently produced in high volume. A substantial portion of our products are designed to address the needs of individual customers. Frequent product introductions by systems manufacturers make our future success dependent on our ability to select customer-specific development projects which will result in sufficient production volume to enable us to achieve manufacturing efficiencies. Because customer-specific products are developed for unique applications, we expect that some of our current and future customer-specific products may never be produced in high volume. In addition, in the event of significant delays in completing designs or our failure to obtain development contracts from customers whose systems achieve and sustain commercial market success, our results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Customer-specific designs are generally implemented by one of two methods. Under the first method, the customer supplies us with detailed performance specifications and we design, develop and manufacture the integrated circuits. These designs are generated using either our in-house design engineering group or independent third-party design organizations which have been qualified by us. Under the second method, we supply circuit design and process rules to our customer and the customer's internal engineering staff designs and develops the product, which we then manufacture.
Design and Process Technology
In order to rapidly develop and cost-effectively introduce new products which address the needs of our customers, we have made substantial investments in building our capabilities in RF, analog and mixed-signal circuit design. We have developed an extensive library of digital and analog cells and associated
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software tools and databases which we use to facilitate the design of our integrated circuits. We have also developed and documented process and design rules which allow customers to design proprietary integrated circuits themselves. Mixed-signal products, which generally involve varied and complex functions operating at high frequencies, generally present the most complex design and testing challenges. We believe that our extensive cell library, optimized mixed-signal process technology and design and test engineering expertise in high-performance mixed-signal integrated circuits address these challenges and provide a competitive advantage.
Our manufacturing strategy is to use high volume process technologies, when possible, to enable us to provide cost-effective, stable, uniform and repeatable solutions for our customers. We provide advanced wafer manufacturing processes and we have pursued core process technologies that are cost-effective for RF, analog and mixed-signal applications. As a result, we are able to enjoy the cost advantages associated with standard high volume semiconductor manufacturing practices. The core process technology in our Oregon wafer fabrication operation employs all implanted structures, 4 micron metal pitch and 0.5 to 0.7 micron geometries, involves 10 to 18 mask steps, has a cutoff frequency of up to 21 GHz and is scalable. This scalability facilitates further cost reduction and performance improvement. The process technology employed in our Texas wafer fabrication operation includes six advanced performance production processes: 0.5 micron gate length MESFET for amplifier applications; 0.25 and 0.5 micron gate length pHEMT for high power and high frequency applications; HBT for high voltage, high linearity and high power density; 0.5 micron gate length HFET for high voltage, high power amplifiers and switches and Vertical P-I-N diode (VPIN) for signal control devices such as switches, limiters and attenuators. In our Florida wafer fabrication operation, we use manufacturing techniques to produce our SAW devices that are very similar to those for integrated circuits.
Customers
We have a broad customer base of leading systems manufacturers. In 2001, we shipped products or provided manufacturing services to more than 400 end-user customers and distributors. In 2001, Nokia accounted for approximately 15% of our revenues. In 2000, Ericsson accounted for approximately 14% of our revenues, Motorola accounted for approximately 11% of our revenues, Nokia accounted for approximately 13% of our revenues and Nortel accounted for approximately 12% of our revenues. In 1999, Nokia accounted for approximately 15% of our revenues, Nortel accounted for 11% of our revenues and Motorola accounted for approximately 11% of our revenues. No other single customer accounted for greater than 10% of our revenues during these periods.
Our sales to customers outside the United States accounted for approximately 44.0%, 50.3% and 39.3% of revenues in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Sales to customers in Korea and Canada represent the largest portions of our international sales. Customers in Korea accounted for approximately 12.5% of our revenues in 2001 and customers in Canada accounted for approximately 14.4% and 14.1% of revenues in 2000 and 1999, respectively. No other country represented 10% or more of our revenues in any of those periods.
Some of our sales to overseas customers are made under export licenses that must be obtained from the United States Department of Commerce. Protectionist trade legislation in either the United States or other countries, such as a change in the current tariff structures, export compliance laws or other trade policies, could adversely affect our ability to sell or to manufacture in international markets. Furthermore, revenues from outside the United States are subject to inherent risks, including the general economic and political conditions in each country.
Manufacturing
We have four manufacturing centers located in Oregon, Texas, Florida and Costa Rica.
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Our executive, administrative, test and technical offices are located in a 254,000 square foot facility in Hillsboro, Oregon on approximately forty-nine acres. Included in this facility is a wafer fabrication facility consisting of 76,000 square feet, of which 23,000 is operated as a Class 10 performance clean room.
We have two facilities in Texas. Our Dallas facility comprises approximately 100,000 square feet, of which 17,000 square feet are operated as a Class 10 performance clean room. We lease the Dallas facility from Raytheon under a sublease, which expires in July 2002. Raytheon leases the premises from Texas Instruments. We are currently in the process of combining our manufacturing operations to our 420,000 square foot wafer fabrication facility in Richardson, Texas and qualifying our processes there. We are also in the process of completing an administration and engineering addition to the Richardson manufacturing facility. We do not intend to renew our lease on the Dallas facility and are moving our operations to the Richardson facility.
Our Florida facility is a wafer fabrication facility located in Apopka, a suburb of Orlando. The Apopka wafer fabrication facility includes 16,000 square feet of clean room, of which 2,500 square feet is Class 10 clean room. Our San Jose, Costa Rica facility is an assembly and test facility for the production of SAW filters. It is a 60,000 square foot facility with over 19,000 square feet of clean room space, located in the Metro Free Trade Zone. We use our Costa Rica facility to assemble, package, test and ship final product to customers. We began operations at this facility in 1996. The fabrication of integrated circuits and SAW filter products is highly complex and sensitive to particles and other contaminants and requires production in a highly controlled, clean environment. Minute impurities, difficulties in the fabrication process or defects in the masks used to print circuits on the wafers can cause a substantial percentage of the wafers to be rejected or numerous die on each wafer to be nonfunctional. As compared to silicon technology, the less mature stage of the technology of GaAs substrate material leads to somewhat greater difficulty in circuit design and in controlling parametric variations, thereby yielding fewer good die per wafer. The more brittle nature of GaAs wafers can also lead to higher processing losses than experienced with silicon wafers. To maximize wafer yield and quality, we test our products in various stages in the fabrication process, maintain continuous reliability monitoring and conduct numerous quality control inspections throughout the entire production flow. A sustained failure to maintain acceptable yields would have a material adverse effect on our operating results.
We incur a high level of fixed costs to operate our own manufacturing facilities. These fixed costs consist primarily of facility occupancy costs, investment in manufacturing equipment, repair, maintenance and depreciation costs related to equipment and fixed labor costs related to manufacturing and process engineering. Our manufacturing yields vary significantly among our products, depending upon a given product's complexity and our experience in manufacturing it. We have in the past and may in the future experience substantial delays in product shipments due to lower than expected production yields. In addition, during periods of low demand, high fixed wafer fabrication costs could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.
For integrated circuit products made by our Oregon facility, we assemble our products using outside assembly contractors. Outside assembly services are contracted to eleven vendors, five of which are located in the United States. We perform our own tape and reel operations; however, we have two domestic vendors qualified for this service should we need to use them. A reduction or interruption in the performance of assembly services by subcontractors or a significant increase in the price charged for such services could adversely affect our operating results.
Production Outside of the United States
Because of the significant fixed costs associated with the manufacture of our products and components and our industry's history of declining prices, we must continue to produce and sell our integrated circuits and SAW components in significant volume, continue to lower manufacturing costs and carefully monitor inventory levels. Toward these ends, we continually evaluate our integrated circuit and
11
SAW components manufacturing processes as well as the desirability of transferring volume production of those products between facilities, including transfer overseas to countries where labor costs and other manufacturing costs are significantly lower than in the United States, principally Costa Rica. We established a subsidiary in Costa Rica in 1996. The functional currency for our Costa Rican subsidiary is the U.S. dollar since sales and most material cost and equipment are U.S. dollar denominated. The effects of currency fluctuations of the local Costa Rican currency are not considered significant and are not hedged.
Frequently, transfer of production of a product to a different facility requires qualification of such new facility by certain of our customers. There can be no certainty that such changes and transfers will be implemented on a cost-effective basis without delays or disruption in our production and without adversely affecting our results of operations. Offshore operations are subject to certain inherent risks, including delays in transportation, changes in governmental policies, tariffs, import/export regulations, and fluctuations in currency exchange rates in addition to geographic limitations on management controls and reporting. There can be no assurance that the inherent risks of offshore operations will not adversely affect our future operating results. See "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk."
Raw Materials and Sources of Supply
We generally maintain alternative sources for our principal raw materials to reduce the risk of supply interruptions or price increases. We purchase these materials on a purchase order basis. The raw materials used are available from several suppliers for our integrated circuit manufacturing operations. We currently have approximately seven fully qualified wafer vendors, at least two of which are located in the United States, and three fully qualified mask set vendors, all of which are located in the United States. We purchase high-performance, multilayer ceramic packages from two vendors located outside the United States. We currently purchase plastic packaging from seven suppliers, one of which is located in the United States.
For our SAW filter manufacturing operations, we use several raw materials, including wafers made from quartz, lithium niobate or lithium tantalate and ceramic or metal packages. Relatively few companies produce these piezoelectric wafers and metal and ceramic packages. Our most significant suppliers of ceramic surface mount packages are three companies based in Japan.
Our reliance on a limited number of suppliers for certain raw materials and parts may impair our ability to product our products on time and in acceptable yields. At times in the past, we have experienced difficulties in obtaining ceramic packages used in the production of bandpass filters. In an attempt to minimize this problem, we have qualified multiple sources of supply, negotiated long-term agreements and have maintained a safety stock of raw material inventories of these items.
Marketing, Sales and Distribution
We sell our products through independent manufacturers' representatives and distributors and through a direct sales staff. As of December 31, 2001, we had thirty-seven independent manufacturers' representative firms and three distributors in North America. Our eight-person direct sales staff provides sales direction and support to the manufacturers' representatives and distributors. We have domestic sales management offices in the metropolitan areas of Los Angeles, California; San Diego, California; San Jose, California; Atlanta, Georgia; Boston, Massachusetts; Portland, Oregon; Chicago, Illinois and Raleigh, North Carolina. Our international business is supported by a network of thirty-four manufacturers' representatives and distributors in Europe and the Pacific Rim. We have also established foreign sales and marketing offices in Germany, Japan, Korea and Sweden.
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Backlog
As of December 31, 2001, our backlog was approximately $78.6 million compared to approximately $232.3 million as of December 31, 2000. We include in our backlog all purchase orders and contracts for products requested by the customer for delivery within twelve months. We expect to ship substantially our entire backlog by December 31, 2002. The backlog is not necessarily indicative of future product sales, and a delay or cancellation of a small number of purchase orders may materially adversely affect us.
We do not have long-term agreements with any of our customers. Customers generally purchase our products pursuant to cancelable short-term purchase orders. Our customers have canceled these purchase orders or rescheduled delivery dates in the past, and we expect that these events may also occur in the future. If there is any work in process at the time of cancellation, the customer may be required to pay customary termination charges. If customers over-order to secure delivery dates and eventually cancel orders, the customer may be subject to price renegotiations as a result of lower quantity of units taken.
Frequently, we can ship our standard products from inventory shortly after receipt of an order, and these orders may not be reflected in backlog. Accordingly, backlog as of any particular date may not necessarily be representative of actual sales for any future period.
Research and Development
Our research and development efforts are directed towards developing integrated circuits and SAW devices. We are also focused on improvement of our existing products' performance, development of new processes, reductions of manufacturing process costs and improvements in device packaging.
In 2001, we had 603 design wins for products and customers across all of our target markets. Since most of our products are proprietary sole-sourced devices, we believe that these design wins indicate the strength of our engineering resources. In 2001, we introduced our first SiGe product, a dual-band CDMA wireless amplifier. In 2001, we also announced other key new products and projects, such as a wireless SAW band duplexer for CDMA wireless phones, participation on the JSF program, a modulator driver amplifier for high speed optical networks and participation in the U.S. Department of Defense joint chemical agent detection program.
Our research, development and engineering expenses in 2001, 2000 and 1999 were approximately $51.8 million, $39.8 million and $27.6 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2001, approximately 588 of our employees were engaged in activities related to process and product research and development. We expect that we will continue to spend substantial funds on research and development.
We are continually designing new and improved products to maintain our competitive position. While we have patented a number of aspects of our process technology, the market for our products is characterized by rapid changes in technologies. Because of continual improvements in these technologies, we believe that our future success will depend on our ability to continue to improve our products and processes and develop new technologies in order to remain competitive. Additionally, our future success will depend on our ability to develop and introduce new products for our target markets in a timely manner. The success of new product introductions is dependent upon several factors, including timely completion and introduction of new product designs, achievement of acceptable fabrication yields and market acceptance. The development of new products by us and their design into customers' systems can take as long as three years, depending upon the complexity of the device and the application. Accordingly, new product development requires a long-term forecast of market trends and customer needs. Furthermore, the successful introduction of our ongoing products may be adversely affected by competing products or technologies. In addition, new product introductions frequently depend on our development and implementation of new process technologies. If we are unable to design, develop, manufacture and market new products successfully, our future operating results will be adversely affected. We cannot assure you that our product and process development efforts will be successful or that our new products will be available on a timely basis or achieve market acceptance.
13
As is characteristic of the integrated circuit and SAW filter component industries, the average selling prices of our products have historically decreased over the products' life cycles and we expect this pattern to continue. To offset these decreasing selling prices, we rely primarily on obtaining yield improvements and corresponding cost reductions in the manufacture of existing products and on introducing new products which incorporate advanced features and can be sold at higher average selling prices. To the extent that our cost reduction efforts or new product introductions do not occur in a timely manner or our or our customers' products do not achieve market acceptance, our operating results could be adversely affected.
Competition
The markets for our products are characterized by price competition, rapid technological change, short product life cycles and heightened global competition. Some of our competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing and marketing resources. Due to the increasing requirements for high-speed, high-frequency components, we expect intensified competition from existing integrated circuit and SAW device suppliers, as well as from the entry of new competitors to our target markets and from customers.
For our integrated circuit devices, we compete with manufacturers of high-performance silicon integrated circuits as well as manufacturers of GaAs integrated circuits. Our silicon-based competitors include companies such as Applied Micro Circuits Corporation, Maxim Integrated Products Inc., Motorola, Philips and STMicroelectronics N.V. Our GaAs-based competitors include companies such as Alpha Industries Inc., Anadigics Inc., Conexant Systems Inc., Fujitsu Microelectronics, Inc., Infineon Technologies AG, Raytheon, RF Micro Devices and Vitesse Semiconductor Corp. For our SAW devices our competitors include companies such as CTS Wireless Components, Micro Networks, Phonon, RF Monolithics, Vectron, EPCOS AG, Thomson Microsonics, Fujitsu, Murata and Toyocom. Competition could also come from companies that introduce alternative technologies such as SiGe and InP integrated circuits and digital filtering and direct conversion devices before we do.
Our prospective customers are typically systems designers at manufacturers who are considering the use of our products in their next-generation high-performance systems. Competition is primarily based on performance elements such as speed, complexity and power dissipation, as well as price, product quality and ability to deliver products in a timely fashion. We believe that we currently compete favorably with respect to these factors. Due to the proprietary nature of our products, competition occurs almost exclusively at the system design stage. As a result, a design win by us or our competitors typically limits further competition with respect to manufacturing a given design. Some potential customers may be reluctant to adopt our integrated circuit products because of perceived risks relating to GaAs, SiGe and other alternative technologies, including perceived risks related to manufacturing costs, novel design and unfamiliar manufacturing processes. In addition, potential customers may have questions about the relative performance advantages of our integrated circuit products compared to more familiar silicon semiconductors, or concerns about risks associated with reliance on a smaller, less well-capitalized company for a critical component. While our GaAs integrated circuit products have inherent speed advantages over silicon devices, the speed of products based upon silicon processes is continually improving. Our products are often sole sourced to our customers and our operating results could be adversely affected if our customers were to develop other sources for our products.
The production of GaAs integrated circuits has been and continues to be more costly than the production of silicon devices. This cost differential relates primarily to higher costs of the raw wafer material, lower production yields associated with the relatively immature GaAs technology and higher unit costs associated with lower production volumes. Although we have reduced production costs through decreasing raw wafer costs, increasing fabrication yields and achieving higher volumes, there can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to decrease production costs. Due to the current weakness in our target markets, we have underutilized capacity. However, we believe that we are well positioned to meet
14
the demands of these markets when they strengthen. In addition, we believe our costs of producing GaAs integrated circuits will continue to exceed the costs associated with the production of silicon devices. As a result, we must offer devices which provide superior performance to that of silicon such that the perceived price/performance of our products is competitive with silicon devices. There can be no assurance that we can continue to identify markets which require performance superior to that offered by silicon solutions or that we will continue to offer products which provide sufficiently superior performance to offset the cost differentials.
Intellectual Property Matters
We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights and trade secrets to establish and protect our intellectual property rights. We aggressively seek patents to protect inventions and technology which are important to our business. We have been awarded numerous patents relating to circuit design, SAW devices, oscillators, packaging technologies and wafer processing which have various expiration dates, but none earlier than 2005. These include both U.S. and foreign patents. We also have a number of registered trademarks. There can be no assurance that our pending patent or trademark applications will be allowed or that the issued or pending patents will not be challenged or circumvented by competitors. We also protect our numerous original mask sets under the copyright laws.
We also own a substantial body of proprietary techniques and trade secrets. We seek to protect our trade secrets and proprietary technology, in part, through confidentiality agreements with employees, consultants and other parties. There can be no assurance that these agreements will not be breached, that we will have adequate remedies for any breach or that our trade secrets will not otherwise become known to or independently developed by others. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not offer protection of our proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States.
Our involvement in any patent dispute or other intellectual property dispute or action to protect trade secrets and know-how could have a material adverse effect on our business. Adverse determinations in any litigation could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require us to seek licenses from third parties and prevent us from manufacturing and selling our products. Any of these situations could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Environmental Matters
Federal, state and local regulations impose various environmental controls on the storage, handling, discharge and disposal of chemicals and gases used in our manufacturing processes. We believe that our activities conform to present environmental regulations. Increasing public attention has, however, been focused on the environmental impact of semiconductor operations. While we have not experienced any materially adverse effects on our operations from environmental regulations, there can be no assurance that changes in such regulations will not impose the need for additional capital equipment or other requirements. Any failure by us, or by Texas Instruments with respect to our subleased Dallas facility, to adequately restrict the discharge of hazardous substances could subject us to future liabilities or could cause our manufacturing operations to be suspended.
Employees
As of December 31, 2001, we employed a total of 1,562 persons, including 764 in manufacturing, 44 in quality and reliability, 588 in process, product and development engineering, 54 in marketing and sales and 112 in finance and administration. None of our employees are represented by a collective bargaining agreement, nor have we experienced any work stoppage. We consider our relations with employees to be good.
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Executive Officers
The names, ages and positions of our executive officers as of March 15, 2002 are as follows:
| Name |
Age |
Current Position(s) with Company |
Position Held Since |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Steven J. Sharp | 60 | Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer | 1991 | |||
| Thomas V. Cordner | 57 | Vice President and General Manager, Millimeter Wave Communications | 1998 | |||
| Bruce R. Fournier | 45 | Vice President and General Manager, Foundry Services | 1998 | |||
| Lehman H. Johnson III | 59 | Vice President and General Manager, Telecommunications | 2001 | |||
| Paul Kollar | 56 | Vice President, Sales | 1998 | |||
| Raymond A. Link | 47 | Vice President, Finance and Administration, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary | 2001 | |||
| David N. McQuiddy, Jr. | 63 | Vice President, Research and Development | 2000 | |||
| J. David Pye | 51 | Vice President, Manufacturing | 1996 | |||
| Ronald R. Ruebusch | 52 | Vice President and General Manager, Wireless Communications | 1996 | |||
| Stephanie J. Welty | 46 | Vice President, Finance and Assistant Secretary | 1999 |
Mr. Sharp joined TriQuint in September 1991 as Director, President and Chief Executive Officer. In May 1992 he became Chairman of TriQuint's Board of Directors. Previously, Mr. Sharp was the founder and served as Chief Executive Officer of Power Integrations, Inc., a semiconductor manufacturing company. Prior to that time, Mr. Sharp was employed for 14 years by Signetics Corporation (since acquired by Philips Electronics N.V.), a semiconductor manufacturer and for nine years by Texas Instruments, Incorporated, a semiconductor manufacturer. Mr. Sharp also serves as a director of Power Integrations. He received a B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering from Southern Methodist University, a M.S. degree in Engineering Science from California Institute of Technology and a M.B.A. from Stanford University.
Mr. Cordner joined TriQuint in January 1998 as Vice President and General Manager, Millimeter Wave Communications as a result of TriQuint's acquisition of Raytheon's MMIC operations. From July 1997 to January 1998, Mr. Cordner served as Operations Manager for Raytheon, heading its GaAs MMIC operations. Prior to that time, Mr. Cordner was an employee of Texas Instruments for 32 years, most recently as the Operations Manager for its GaAs Operations Group from January 1991 to July 1997. Mr. Cordner received a B.S. degree in Mathematics from the University of Texas at Arlington.
Mr. Fournier joined TriQuint in June 1987 and since that time has held a number of different positions. Since June 1998, Mr. Fournier has held the position of Vice President and General Manager, Foundry Services. From September 1994 to June 1998, he was Vice President, Worldwide Sales. Mr. Fournier was Eastern Area Sales Manager from June 1987 to 1991, National Sales Manager, Wireless Products from 1991 to 1994 and Director of Worldwide Sales from early 1994 to September 1994. Prior to joining TriQuint, Mr. Fournier held semiconductor sales and marketing management positions with Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc., Weitek Corporation and Honeywell, Inc. Mr. Fournier received an A.S. degree in Electrical Engineering and a B.S. degree in Business Administration from the University of Maine and a M.B.A. from the University of Southern Maine.
Mr. Johnson joined TriQuint in January 2000 as Vice President, Strategic Marketing and Business Development and has held the position of Vice President and General Manager, Telecommunications
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since 2001. From August 1997 to January 2000, Mr. Johnson was Vice President, Systems Marketing, for the Transmission Division of Scientific-Atlanta, Inc., a manufacturer of communications equipment. From September 1991 to April 1997, Mr. Johnson served in various roles at GTE, a communications company, and was, most recently, Vice President, Technology for GTE Government Systems Corporation. Prior to that time, Mr. Johnson held marketing and product development positions with DSC Communications, Inc. and ITT Corporation (both of which were acquired by Alcatel). Mr. Johnson holds a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Citadel and a M.B.A. from Duke University's Fuqua School.
Mr. Kollar joined TriQuint in June 1998 as Vice President, Sales. From November 1985 until March 1998, Mr. Kollar was Vice President, Sales, for Lattice Semiconductor, Inc., a semiconductor company. From March 1969 to November 1985, Mr. Kollar held various sales and marketing positions with Signetics Corp. (which was acquired by Philips Electronics), a semiconductor company. Mr. Kollar received a B.S. degree in Engineering from Harvey Mudd College and a M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Southern California.
Mr. Link joined TriQuint in July 2001 as Vice President, Finance and Administration, Chief Financial Officer and Secretary, as a result of TriQuint's merger with Sawtek. Mr. Link joined Sawtek in September 1995 as Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer and was promoted to Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in October 1999. From 1987 to September 1995, Mr. Link was Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer of Hubbard Construction Company, a heavy/highway construction company. From 1980 to 1987, he was with Harris Corporation, a manufacturer of electronic communication equipment, in various financial capacities. Mr. Link has a B.S. degree from the State University of New York at Buffalo and an M.B.A. degree from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. He is a Certified Public Accountant.
Dr. McQuiddy joined TriQuint in January 2000 as Vice President, Research and Development. From July 1997 to January 2000, Dr. McQuiddy was a Senior Principal Fellow at Raytheon. Dr. McQuiddy joined Texas Instruments in 1968 and served in various capacities until July 1997. At Texas Instruments, Dr. McQuiddy was responsible for directing internal research and development investments in electro-optics, microwave/millimeter-wave and micro-electronic technologies. He is an IEEE Fellow and presently serves on the IEEE USA R&D Policy Committee. Dr. McQuiddy holds a B.S. degree from Vanderbilt University in and a M.S. degree and a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Alabama.
Mr. Pye joined TriQuint in May 1996 as Vice President, Manufacturing. From 1983 until 1996, Mr. Pye was Vice President and General Manager at VLSI Technology, Inc., a semiconductor company, where he served in various capacities. From 1973 to 1983, Mr. Pye served in various roles in process engineering and process development at Texas Instruments. Mr. Pye received a B.A. degree from Napier College of Science and Technology, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Mr. Ruebusch joined TriQuint in May 1996 as Vice President and General Manager, Wireless Communications. From 1993 to May 1996, Mr. Ruebusch was Vice President, Semiconductor Product Development, at Celeritek, Inc., a microwave products company. From 1991 to 1993, Mr. Ruebusch held management positions at Pacific Monolithics, Inc. (which was acquired by Richardson Electronics, Ltd.). Prior to such time, Mr. Ruebusch spent 13 years in various positions at Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. and Signetics Corporation (which was acquired by Philips Electronics). Mr. Ruebusch received a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering, a M.S. degree in Electrical Engineering and a M.B.A. from the University of Santa Clara.
Ms. Welty joined TriQuint in 1994. Since September 1999, Ms. Welty has been TriQuint's Vice President, Finance. Ms. Welty served as Accounting Manager from 1994 to 1996 and served as Director of Information Systems from 1996 to September 1999. Prior to joining TriQuint, she held accounting and
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controller positions at other high technology firms. Ms. Welty holds a B.S. degree from the University of Washington and is a Certified Public Accountant.
Our executive, administrative, test and technical offices are located in a 254,000 square foot facility in Hillsboro, Oregon. Included in this facility is a wafer fabrication facility consisting of 76,000 square feet, of which 23,000 is operated as a Class 10 performance clean room. In May 1996, we entered into a five-year lease with several financial institutions. The lease provided for the construction of our Hillsboro facility. We exercised the purchase option on this lease on May 2001 and are no longer obligated under this lease.
In January 1998, we acquired the Millimeter Wave Communications operations of the former Texas Instruments' Defense Systems & Electronics Group from Raytheon. The Millimeter Wave Communications facilities are located in Dallas, Texas. The Dallas facility comprises approximately 100,000 square feet, of which 17,000 square feet is operated as a Class 10 performance clean room. We lease the Dallas facility from Raytheon under a sublease, which expires on July 10, 2002. Raytheon leases the premises from Texas Instruments. We do not intend to renew our sublease of the Dallas facility and are in the process of vacating the facility.
In August 2000, we acquired our 420,000 square foot wafer fabrication facility located in Richardson, Texas for $87.0 million. The purchase was completed through a financing arrangement in which we contributed $73.0 million and a lender contributed $14.0 million. The portion contributed by the lender is 97% collateralized by us through pledged investment securities and appears on our balance sheet as "Restricted Long-Term Investments". The portion contributed by us appears on our balance sheet as "Other Investment". The financing qualifies for accounting treatment as an operating lease. We are required to make lease payments through August 2005 or purchase the property. If we elect to purchase the property, we will not have to pay any additional cash but rather assign the pledged securities to the lender. We may also renew the lease for an additional four-year period in August 2005. The lease is secured by the value of the property as well as the pledged investment securities. Please see Note 6 in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a further description of the lease.
We are in the process of combining both of our Texas operations into one site at the Richardson facility. We are also adding approximately 125,000 square feet of administrative and engineering office space to this site. We expect the move and the addition to be completed in the summer of 2002.
We also have administrative, engineering and manufacturing facilities in one owned building of approximately 93,000 square feet and one leased building of approximately 1,400 square feet, both located near Orlando, Florida. We also own a production facility located in San Jose, Costa Rica of approximately 60,000 square feet.
Additionally we lease approximately 4,200 square feet for our design center in Boston, Massachusetts. We also lease space for our various sales offices within the U.S and internationally, which are less than 1,000 square feet each.
From time to time we are involved in judicial and administrative proceedings incidental to our business. Although occasional adverse decisions (or settlements) may occur, we believe that the final disposition of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
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ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
We made our initial public offering on December 13, 1993 at a price of $1.83 per share. Our shares are quoted on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "TQNT". The following table sets forth the high and low price per share of our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq National Market for the periods indicated (all prices are adjusted for all stock splits):
| |
High |
Low |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2001 | |||||||
| 1st Quarter | $ | 49.38 | $ | 14.25 | |||
| 2nd Quarter | 32.73 | 10.25 | |||||
| 3rd Quarter | 25.90 | 14.28 | |||||
| 4th Quarter | $ | 21.00 | $ | 10.75 | |||
Fiscal Year Ended December 30, 2000 |
|||||||
| 1st Quarter | $ | 67.75 | $ | 25.31 | |||
| 2nd Quarter | 66.63 | 23.75 | |||||
| 3rd Quarter | 59.25 | 30.56 | |||||
| 4th Quarter | $ | 61.56 | $ | 21.00 | |||
The closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market on December 31, 2001 was $12.26 per share.
As of December 31, 2001, there were 131,141,213 shares of common stock outstanding held by approximately 453 stockholders of record. Many stockholders hold their shares in street name. We believe we have more than 95,000 beneficial owners of our common stock.
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We have a line of credit with a financial institution, an operating lease and subordinated convertible debt, which all contain restrictive convenants which could limit our ability to pay cash dividends or make stock repurchases. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will also be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business conditions and other such factors as the Board of Directors deems relevant.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following is a summary of selected financial data as of and for each of the five years ended December 31. The historical selected consolidated financial data has been derived from the audited historical financial statements for the years 2000, 1999, 1998 and 1997 of TriQuint and Sawtek, which were audited by KPMG LLP and Ernst & Young, LLP, respectively. The 2001 selected consolidated financial data was audited by KPMG LLP. These data should be read in conjunction with Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this document.
| |
Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |
2001 |
2000 |
1999 |
1998 |
1997 |
||||||||||||
| |
(In thousands, except per share information) |
||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Statement of Operations Data: | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 334,972 | $ | 460,590 | $ | 263,939 | $ | 209,305 | $ | 156,408 | |||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 199,381 | 203,971 | 137,293 | 117,595 | 78,597 | ||||||||||||
| Gross profit | 135,591 | 256,619 | 126,646 | 91,710 | 77,811 | ||||||||||||
Operating expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||
| Research, development and engineering | 51,817 | 39,753 | 27,603 | 23,269 | 15,274 | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 46,819 | 45,980 | 33,480 | 26,663 | 25,414 | ||||||||||||
| Special charges | 84,479 | | | 10,220 | | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 183,115 | 85,733 | 61,083 | 60,152 | 40,688 | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
(47,524 |
) |
170,886 |
65,563 |
31,558 |
37,123 |
|||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | (2,420 | ) | 25,592 | 11,015 | 6,026 | 3,902 | |||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income tax and extraordinary item | (49,944 | ) | 196,478 | 76,578 | 37,584 | 41,025 | |||||||||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | (18,093 | ) | 45,785 | 20,938 | 15,334 | 13,446 | |||||||||||
Income (loss) before extraordinary item |
(31,851 |
) |
150,693 |
55,640 |
22,250 |
27,579 |
|||||||||||
| Extraordinary itemretirement of debt, net of tax | 5,640 | | | | | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (26,211 | ) | $ | 150,693 | $ | 55,640 | $ | 22,250 | $ | 27,579 | ||||||
Per Share Data: |
|||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before extraordinary item: | |||||||||||||||||