SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000
of
COMPUCREDIT CORPORATION
a Georgia Corporation
IRS Employer Identification No. 58-2336689
SEC File Number 0-25751
245 Perimeter Center Parkway, Suite 600
Atlanta, Georgia 30346
(770) 206-6200
CompuCredit does not have any securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.
CompuCredit's Common Stock, no par value per share, is registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.
CompuCredit (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
CompuCredit is unaware of any delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K.
The aggregate market value of CompuCredit's Common Stock (based upon the closing sales price quoted on the Nasdaq National Market) held by nonaffiliates as of March 14, 2001 was approximately $92,709,000. As of March 14, 2001, 46,514,639 shares of CompuCredit's Common Stock were outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of CompuCredit's Proxy Statement for the 2001 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on May 9, 2001 are incorporated by reference into Part III.
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Page Number |
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|---|---|---|---|
| Part I | |||
| Item 1. Business | 3 | ||
| Risk Factors | 13 | ||
| Item 2. Properties | 19 | ||
| Item 3. Legal Proceedings | 19 | ||
| Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 19 | ||
| Part II | |||
| Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Stock and Related Shareholder Matters | 19 | ||
| Item 6. Selected Financial Data | 20 | ||
| Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 22 | ||
| Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 33 | ||
| Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 34 | ||
| Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 34 | ||
| Part III | |||
| Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant | 34 | ||
| Item 11. Executive Compensation | 34 | ||
| Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | 34 | ||
| Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions | 34 | ||
| Part IV | |||
| Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K | 35 | ||
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Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Report includes forward-looking statements, including, in particular, forward-looking statements under the headings "Item 1. Business" and "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." The words "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "seek," "estimate" and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements; however, this Report also contains other forward-looking statements that may not be so identified. Forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond CompuCredit's control. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that such indicated results will be realized. Among the important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements are the factors set forth below in "Item 1. BusinessRisk Factors." By making these forward-looking statements, CompuCredit expressly disclaims any obligation to update them in any manner except as may be required by its disclosure obligations in filings it makes with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") under the Federal securities laws.
In this Report, the words "Company," "CompuCredit," "we," "our," "ours," and "us" refer to CompuCredit and its subsidiaries and predecessors. CompuCredit owns the Aspire®, CompuCredit® and Aspire Diamond® trademarks in the United States. Trademarks, trade names or service marks of other companies appearing elsewhere in this Report are the property of their respective owners.
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General
CompuCredit is a credit card company that uses analytical techniques, including sophisticated computer models, to target a consumer credit market that we believe has been underserved by traditional grantors of credit. Individuals in this market typically rely more heavily on finance companies and retail store credit cards to meet their credit needs and are less likely to have general purpose credit cards. Some of these consumers have had delinquencies, a default or a bankruptcy in their credit histories, but have, in our view, demonstrated recovery. Others in this target market are establishing or expanding their credit. We have developed and enhanced our techniques by continually testing our products and operating practices and by continually analyzing credit bureau data and the results of our lending experience. We believe that our analytical approach allows us to:
We market unsecured general purpose credit cards, including our Aspire brand credit card, through direct mail, television, telemarketing and the Internet. We also market to our cardholders other fee-based products including card registration, memberships in preferred buying clubs, magazines, travel services and credit life, disability and unemployment insurance.
We rely on the securitization of our credit card receivables to fund our operations and increase the size of our business. Securitization of credit card receivables is common in the credit card industry. A securitization transaction involves grouping and packaging assets, such as credit card receivables, into securities that are then sold to investors. We use securitization because it has offered a cost of funding lower than other debt or equity financing sources.
We market the credit cards under an agreement with Columbus Bank and Trust Company, a state chartered banking subsidiary of Synovus Financial Corporation. Under this agreement, Columbus Bank and Trust owns the credit card accounts. We outsource to Columbus Bank and Trust and its affiliate, Total Systems Services, Inc. ("Total Systems"), certain account processing and servicing functions such as card embossing/mailing, fraud detection, cycle billing, payment processing and transaction processing.
CompuCredit was formed on August 14, 1996 by David G. Hanna, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Richard W. Gilbert, Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer, after completing almost two years of research and development in the area of consumer finance. Both Mr. Hanna and Mr. Gilbert have extensive experience in the consumer credit and collections industries. Mr. Hanna and Mr. Gilbert both held executive positions with Nationwide Credit, Inc., a national third party collection agency, during the 1980s until its sale in 1990 to First Financial Management Corporation, currently known as First Data Corporation. Mr. Hanna also founded Account Portfolios L.P. in 1989 with Frank J. Hanna, III, his brother, who is a principal shareholder and director of CompuCredit. Account Portfolios was sold in 1995 to Outsourcing Solutions, Inc. Before joining CompuCredit in 1996, Mr. Gilbert served initially as Chief
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Operating Officer of Equifax Credit Information Services, Inc.'s collection division and subsequently as General Manager of Strategic Client Services for Equifax. Richard R. House, Jr., our President, joined CompuCredit in April 1997 from Equifax. While at Equifax, Mr. House served as Vice President for Equifax's Decision Solutions division, which provided consulting and modeling services to many of the nation's largest credit grantors. Collectively, our founders and executive officers have over 50 years of experience in various aspects of consumer finance.
CompuCredit is incorporated in Georgia. Its principal executive offices are located at 245 Perimeter Center Parkway, Suite 600, Atlanta, Georgia 30346, its telephone number at that address is (770) 206-6200, and its internet address is www.CompuCredit.com.
Our Database System
We have developed a proprietary database management system which supports the decision-making functions, including target marketing, solicitation, application processing, account management and collections activities. The database system is an information warehouse that maintains information regarding a customer throughout the customer's relationship with us. The system's purpose is to gather, store and analyze the data necessary to facilitate our target marketing and risk management decisions.
Our database system captures combinations of customer information gathered in the target marketing and solicitation phases of the customer relationship and additional data gathered throughout the remainder of the relationship, including customer behavior patterns. By combining this information, we have established an analytical database linking static historical data with actual customer performance. The
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following is a partial listing of the data elements maintained by our database system for each phase of the customer relationship:
Our database system enables management to evaluate and respond to changes in the risk profile of a customer throughout the relationship. The intranet interfacethe internal computer network which allows management access to the databaseprovides us with access to the data.
The use of a single database system for all phases of the customer relationship enables us to continuously refine target marketing and portfolio management decisions on the basis of continuous feedback. We believe that this capability has been critical in identifying underserved segments.
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Target Marketing System
Since 1996, we have worked with national credit bureaus to develop proprietary risk evaluation systems using credit bureau data. Initially, we developed the systems using randomly selected historical data sets of payment history on all types of consumer loans. Since March 1997, these proprietary risk evaluation systems have included the specific behavior of our customers. Our systems enable us to segment customers into narrower ranges within each FICO score range. The FICO score, developed by Fair, Issac & Co., Inc., is the most commonly used credit risk score in the consumer credit industry. The purpose of the FICO score is to rank-order consumers relative to their probability of non-payment on a consumer loan. We believe that sub-segmenting our market within FICO score ranges enables us to better evaluate credit risk and to price our products effectively.
Within each FICO score range, we evaluate potential customers using credit and marketing segmentation methods derived from a variety of data sources. We place potential customers into product offering segments based upon combinations of factors reflecting our assessment of credit risk, bankruptcy risk, supply of revolving credit, demand for revolving credit and payment capacity. These product offering segments are chosen to meet the following primary target marketing strategies:
We focus our marketing programs on those customer segments which appear to have high income potential when compared to other segments and demonstrate acceptable credit and bankruptcy risk. We seek to accomplish this by establishing, for each customer segment, the appropriate risk-based pricing level that will maintain an acceptable response rate to our direct mail and telemarketing campaigns. The key to our efforts is the use of our systems to evaluate credit risk more effectively than the use of FICO scores alone.
Our customer solicitation strategy is to test several differently priced products against pools of potential customers with similar risk characteristics. The results of direct mail, Internet and telemarketing campaigns are continuously monitored and analyzed using our proprietary database system. We have also entered into marketing agreements with other credit card issuers under which we may be given the opportunity to offer our cards to selected applicants generated by such credit card issuers through the Internet and through other channels. We process applicants who may be referred to us through this arrangement using the same credit and target marketing strategies that we use when originating accounts through other methods.
We offer our Classic, Gold, Platinum and Diamond cards in a variety of product offerings varying by the amount of the credit line, the interest rate and the annual fee:
| Characteristic |
Range of Initial Offerings |
Average as of December 31, 2000 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit Line | $500 to $10,000 | $ | 1,925 | |||
| APR | Prime rate + 3.90% to Prime rate + 26.00% | 28.6 | % | |||
| Annual Fee | $0 to $125 | $ | 10 | |||
Product offerings for a particular customer are determined by examining a number of factors in the customer's credit file, including our assessment of credit risk, bankruptcy risk, supply of revolving credit, demand for revolving credit, payment criteria and revenue potential, among other factors.
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Target Marketing in Portfolio Acquisitions
We anticipate increasing our receivables portfolio through the use of our target marketing system to originate customers through direct mail, television, telemarketing and Internet campaigns. We also add accounts by purchasing portfolios of credit card receivables if we believe a substantial portion of the cardholders meet our credit criteria. We may use either or both of these methods of account growth to varying degrees, depending on our assessment of the relative cost of each method.
We use the same analytical systems employed in our marketing campaigns to seek to purchase portfolios that are primarily comprised of underserved customers. Our strategy for our purchased portfolios is to use our credit and marketing segmentation methods to select those accounts to which our credit card will be issued and to use our proprietary account management systems to enhance the performance of the portfolio and to market fee-based ancillary products and services to the new customers. As with the account origination process, each customer is evaluated using credit and marketing segmentation methods derived from a variety of data sources. Customers are placed into product offering segments based upon combinations of factors reflecting their credit risk, bankruptcy risk, supply of revolving credit, demand for revolving credit and payment capacity. We expect that we will regularly evaluate potential portfolio acquisitions.
Our target marketing system is intended to provide the same competitive advantage when evaluating portfolios as when originating customers through our marketing campaigns. We believe that our ability to evaluate credit risk within FICO score ranges enables us to more accurately determine the portfolio's overall credit risk than many portfolio sellers and many other companies that may bid on portfolio purchases. This risk evaluation expertise is designed to enable us to avoid portfolio purchases in which the final purchase premium or discount does not accurately reflect the credit risk of the portfolio. Conversely, we may bid more aggressively for portfolios in which the perceived credit risk, as reflected by the FICO scores, is significantly higher than our forecast of credit risk.
Our target marketing system, which combines our proprietary risk evaluation system with sophisticated techniques for estimating supply of revolving credit, demand for revolving credit and bankruptcy risk, is designed to provide us with a competitive advantage in evaluating the potential profitability of target customers, whether originated by us or purchased. We continuously seek to refine our target marketing system through the development of new analytical segmentation tools and the evaluation of the system's effectiveness on previous marketing campaigns and portfolio acquisitions.
Direct Mail and Telemarketing Solicitation
We use our target marketing strategies to identify potential customers and to assess the type of product offering to be made to each potential customer. In our direct mail or telemarketing campaigns, we have experimented with several combinations of rates, fees and credit limits directed at specific customer segments in order to evaluate response rates and further refine our pricing strategies within each customer segment and for all customer segments as a group. Third party print production facilities produce our direct mail campaigns, and we contract with third party telemarketing providers for our telemarketing campaigns. Responses to both direct mail and telemarketing campaigns are then forwarded to us for application processing. The response data received is also integrated into our database system for future analysis and response modeling.
The Internet
AspireCard.com, Inc., our wholly-owned subsidiary, promotes the Aspire credit card and various other value-added products and services on the Internet using real-time approval of credit card applications on-line. Applications are received by AspireCard.com on its own web site, www.aspirecard.com. In addition, we have developed two Spanish-language internet web sites, www.aspireamas.com and www.aspireahora.com to help market our credit cards to consumers of hispanic origin. At www.aspireamas.com, a consumer can learn more
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about our Aspire Visa card and complete and submit an on-line application. At www.aspireahora.com, a consumer can respond to a pre-qualified direct mail or email offer for an Aspire Visa card. Applications received via the Internet are electronically processed on a real-time basis using the same credit and target marketing strategies that are applied to our direct mail and telemarketing campaigns. Once the application has been transmitted, consumers are informed as to their approval status and the applicable terms of the offer, including the interest rate, annual fee and credit limit.
Application Processing
We contract with third party providers for the data entry of credit card applications resulting from our direct mail solicitations. Application coupons mailed in by customers are keyed by the data entry provider into a machine-readable format. We also use telemarketing vendors to input application data for customers who respond to solicitations via the telephone. Entered application data is electronically transmitted in batches to us for processing by our application processing system.
We have developed proprietary methods of evaluating applications using an application processing system that automates the evaluation of customer application data. The system utilizes pre-defined criteria to review applicant-provided information and to compare the information to the applicant's original solicitation data and to data from an online credit file that is automatically requested for each applicant. The system performs a series of comparisons of identification information, such as name, address, and social security number, from the three data sources to verify that customer-supplied information is complete and accurate. Potentially fraudulent applications are declined or held for further review.
The applicant's online credit file that is obtained after the receipt of his or her response is further evaluated by the system to ensure that the applicant still meets the creditworthiness criteria applied during the original prescreen process. The same credit criteria, proprietary custom models and credit bureau data items used during the initial prescreen selection process are recalculated for each applicant. Applicants still meeting our creditworthiness criteria are designated as "approvals" and assigned a final credit offer.
Statistics related to response rates and final offers and terms are captured daily for all processed applications and are transferred to our proprietary database for ongoing tracking and analysis.
Fee-Based Products and Services
We offer fee-based products and services to our customers, including card registration, memberships in preferred buying clubs, travel services and credit life, disability and unemployment insurance. These fee-based products and services are offered at various times during the customer relationship based on tailored marketing lists derived from our database. In April 2000, we acquired Citadel Group, Inc., a company which markets fee-based products and services directly to our cardholders. In addition, we market non-credit products and services pursuant to joint marketing agreements with third parties and are continually evaluating additional products we offer to our customers either directly or through continued joint marketing efforts with third party providers of such products and services. Profitability for fee-based products and services is affected by the response rates to product solicitations, the volume and frequency of the marketing programs, the commission rates received from the product providers, the claim rates and claims servicing costs for certain products and the operating expenses associated with the programs.
Account and Portfolio Management
Ongoing Account Management. Our management strategy is to manage account activity using behavioral scoring, credit file data and our proprietary risk evaluation systems. These strategies include the management of transaction authorizations, account renewals, over-limit accounts and credit line modifications. We use an adaptive control system to translate our strategies into the account management processes. The system enables us to develop and test multiple strategies simultaneously, which allows us to continually refine our account management activities. We have incorporated our proprietary risk scores
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into the control system, in addition to standard behavior scores used widely in the industry, in order to segment, evaluate and manage the accounts. We believe that by combining external credit file data along with historical and current customer activity, we are able to better predict the true risk associated with current and delinquent accounts.
We monitor authorizations for all accounts. Customer credit availability is limited for transaction types which we believe are higher risks such as certain foreign transactions and cash advances. We manage credit lines to reward underserved customers who are performing well and to mitigate losses from delinquent customer segments. Accounts exhibiting favorable credit characteristics are periodically reviewed for credit line increases, and strategies are in place to reduce credit lines for customers demonstrating indicators of increased credit or bankruptcy risk. Data relating to account performance is captured and loaded into our proprietary database for ongoing analysis. We adjust account management strategies as necessary, based on the results of such analyses. Additionally, we use industry-standard fraud detection software to manage the portfolio. We route accounts to manual work queues, and suspend charging privileges if the transaction-based fraud models indicate a high probability of fraudulent card use.
Client Advisory Services. We have implemented an advisory program to assist our customers in understanding the prudent use of general purpose credit cards. We use our proprietary systems to identify customers who are not delinquent but are exhibiting credit behavior likely to result in delinquency in the future. We assign these accounts to our credit advisors who actively review all account activity and, if necessary, contact the customer via letter or telephone. Actions taken by us may include customer- friendly advice concerning the prudent use of credit, temporary or permanent reduction in credit line availability, review of the customer's full credit report, debts and income, and establishing repayment terms to assist the customer in avoiding becoming over-extended.
Management believes that this customer advisory strategy is not widely practiced in the credit card industry. Our advisory program allows us to enhance our relationship with our customers by providing valuable and meaningful assistance while simultaneously contributing to prudent risk management strategies to reduce bad debt losses.
Client Satisfaction Initiative. In 1999, we began a formal customer satisfaction program. Members of management, including all members of executive management, surveyed hundreds of our customers about their level of satisfaction with our products and services. Since then, we have continued this program of surveying our customers, with quarterly participation by members of management. The results are used to continually improve service levels and minimize attrition of profitable accounts.
Outsourcing. Certain account functions including card embossing/mailing, cycle billing/payment processing and transaction processing/authorization are performed by third parties, including Columbus Bank and Trust and Total Systems. In January 1997, we entered into an Affinity Card Agreement with Columbus Bank and Trust, a subsidiary of Synovus Financial Corporation, that provides for the issuance of our credit cards and the performance of the outsourced functions noted above. We have filed an application to organize a state-chartered "credit card" bank under the laws of the State of Georgia which, if organized, may become the issuer of our credit cards. We expect that the ability to issue our own credit cards will provide additional flexibility and enable us to reduce our dependency on third-party service providers. However, CompuCredit intends to continue to outsource certain functions to Columbus Bank and Trust and its affiliate, Total Systems, and has recently renewed its agreement with Columbus Bank and Trust which provides for the servicing of these credit card accounts in substantially the same manner in which these services are currently being performed.
Collections and Delinquency Management
Management considers its prior experience in operating professional collection agencies, coupled with our proprietary systems, to be a competitive advantage in minimizing delinquencies, bad debt losses and
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operating expenses associated with the collection process. We use our systems to develop custom collection models that rank-order accounts based on collectability and level of risk. We analyze the output from these models to identify the collection activity that we believe are most likely to result in curing the delinquency cost-effectively rather than treating all accounts the same based on the mere passage of time.
As in all aspects of our risk management strategies, we routinely test alternative strategies and compare the results with existing collection strategies. Results are measured based on delinquency rates, expected losses and costs to collect. Existing strategies are then adjusted as suggested by these results. Management believes that maintaining the ongoing discipline of testing, measuring and adjusting collection strategies will result in minimized bad debt losses and operating expenses. We believe this approach differs from the approach taken by the vast majority of credit grantors that implement collection strategies based on commonly accepted peer group practices.
We have two collection facilities in metro Atlanta, Georgia totaling approximately 36,000 square feet. We also operate a facility in Las Vegas, Nevada under a facilities management agreement with a service provider. Management has instituted collector incentive compensation plans similar to those it successfully employed in its prior experience operating professional collection agencies. In addition to our full-time staff, we outsource some of our collection activities. We continuously monitor the performance of our third party providers against that of our staff to determine which, in our view, is more effective.
Securitizations
We finance the increase of our credit card receivables primarily through securitizations. As we generate or acquire credit card receivables, we securitize the receivables through our master trust or through special purpose entities to third parties. Our current securitization structures typically provide for the daily securitization of all new credit card receivables arising under the securitized accounts. The receivables that are sold through securitization are removed from our balance sheet for financial reporting purposes. Following a sale, we receive cash flows which represent the finance charges and past due fees in excess of the sum of the return paid to investors, servicing fees, credit losses and required amortization payments. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCredit Card Securitizations" and "Liquidity, Funding and Capital Resources."
Consumer and Debtor Protection Laws and Regulations
Our business is regulated directly and indirectly under various federal and state consumer protection and other laws, rules and regulations, including the federal Truth-In-Lending Act, the federal Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the federal Fair Credit Reporting Act, the federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act and the federal Telemarketing and Consumer Fraud and Abuse Prevention Act. These statutes and their enabling regulations, among other things, impose certain disclosure requirements when a consumer credit loan is advertised, when the account is opened and when monthly billing statements are sent. In addition, various statutes limit the liability of credit cardholders for unauthorized use, prohibit discriminatory practices in extending credit and impose certain limitations on the types of charges that may be assessed and restrict the use of consumer credit reports and other account-related information.
Changes in any of these laws or regulations, or in their interpretation or application, could significantly impact our operations. Various proposals which could affect our business have been introduced in Congress in recent years, including, among others, proposals relating to imposing a statutory cap on credit card interest rates, substantially revising the laws governing consumer bankruptcy, and limiting the use of social security numbers. There have also been proposals in state legislatures in recent years to restrict telemarketing activities, impose statutory caps on consumer interest rates, limit the use of social security numbers and expand consumer protection laws. It is impossible to determine whether any of these proposals will become law and, if so, what impact they will have on us.
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In 1999 Congress enacted the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act creates a new type of bank holding company, a "financial holding company," that may engage in a range of activities that are financial in nature, including insurance and securities underwriting, insurance sales, merchant banking and real estate development and investment. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act also establishes new privacy requirements applicable to all financial institutions. Financial institutions are required to establish a privacy policy and to disclose the policy at the start of a customer relationship and once a year thereafter. Additionally, financial institutions must give a customer the opportunity to block the sharing of the customer's nonpublic personal information with unaffiliated third parties, except in certain limited circumstances. Further, financial institutions are barred from sharing credit card numbers, account numbers or access numbers of customers with third-party marketers. State laws that provide a greater degree of privacy protection are not preempted by federal law.
Although we believe that we and Columbus Bank and Trust are currently in compliance with applicable statutes and regulations, there can be no assurance that we or Columbus Bank and Trust will be able to maintain such compliance. The failure to comply with applicable statutes or regulations could significantly harm our results of operations or financial condition. In addition, because of the consumer-oriented nature of the credit card industry, there is a risk that we or other industry participants may be named as defendants in litigation involving alleged violations of federal and state laws and regulations, including consumer protection laws, and consumer law torts, including fraud. The institution of any material litigation or a significant judgment against us or Columbus Bank and Trust or within the industry in connection with any such litigation could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
The National Bank Act of 1864 authorizes national banks to charge customers interest at the rates allowed by the laws of the state in which the bank is located, regardless of any inconsistent law of the state in which the bank's customers are located. A similar right is granted to state institutions such as Columbus Bank and Trust in the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980. In 1996, the United States Supreme Court held that late payment fees are "interest" and therefore can be "exported" under the National Bank Act, deferring to the Comptroller of the Currency's interpretation that interest includes late payment fees, insufficient funds fees, over-limit fees and certain other fees and charges associated with credit card accounts. This decision does not directly apply to state institutions such as Columbus Bank and Trust. Although several courts have upheld the ability of state institutions to export certain types of fees, a number of lawsuits have been filed alleging that the laws of certain states prohibit the imposition of late fees. If the courts do not follow existing precedents, Columbus Bank and Trust's ability to impose certain fees could be adversely affected, which could significantly harm our results of operations or financial condition.
We do not currently own a bank. However, if we charter a bank, we expect that bank to become the issuer of the credit cards that we market. Any bank we charter would be subject to the various state and federal regulations generally applicable to such institutions, including restrictions on the ability of the bank to pay dividends to us.
Competition
We face intense and increasing competition from other consumer lenders. In particular, our credit card business competes with national, regional and local bank card issuers, and with other general-purpose credit card issuers, including American Express®, Discover® and issuers of Visa® and MasterCard®. We also compete with retail credit card issuers, such as department stores and oil companies, and other providers of unsecured credit. Large credit card issuers may compete with us for customers by offering lower interest rates and fees. In addition, new issuers have entered the market in recent years. Many of these competitors are substantially larger than we are and have greater financial resources. Customers choose credit card issuers largely on the basis of price, including interest rates and fees, credit limit and
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other product features. For this reason, customer loyalty is often limited. We may lose entire accounts, or may lose account balances, to competing credit card issuers.
Our competitors are continually introducing new strategies to attract customers and increase their market share. The most heavily-used techniques are advertising, target marketing, balance transfers, price competition, incentive programs and using the name of a sports team or a professional association on their credit cards, known as "co-branding." In response to competition, some issuers of credit cards have lowered interest rates and offered incentives to retain existing customers and attract new ones. These competitive practices, as well as competition that may develop in the future, could harm our ability to obtain customers and maintain profitability.
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act repeals the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, which separated commercial and investment banking, and eliminates the Bank Holding Company Act's prohibition on insurance underwriting activities by bank holding companies. As a result, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act permits the affiliation of commercial banks, insurance companies and securities firms. This change may increase the ability of insurance companies and securities firms to acquire, or otherwise affiliate with, commercial banks and likely will increase the number of competitors in the banking industry and the level of competition for banking products, including credit cards.
Employees
As of December 31, 2000, we had approximately 525 employees, substantially all of whom are located in Georgia and Florida. No collective bargaining agreement exists for any of our employees. We consider our relations with our employees to be good.
Trademarks
Aspire, CompuCredit, Aspire Diamond, Aspire Rapid Miles and For Everything You Aspire To Be are registered trademarks of CompuCredit. Aspire Bank, AspireCard, Aspire A Mas, Aspire Ahora, CompuCredit Bank, Emerge, Get On Get Yours, Para Todo Lo Que Aspira A' Ser and Transforming Information into Value are trademarks of CompuCredit, and applications to register these trademarks are pending. We consider these trademarks to be readily identifiable with, and valuable to, our business. This Annual Report on Form 10-K also contains trade names and trademarks of other companies that are the property of their respective owners.
Proprietary Rights and Licenses
We regard our database management system and our customer selection and risk evaluation criteria as confidential and proprietary. We initially developed our pre-screen customer selection criteria under a contract with a national credit bureau; however, we own all intellectual property rights in the resulting model. Our database management system has been developed by a third party developer under a contract pursuant to which we hold an exclusive, perpetual license to use, copy, execute, display and reproduce the software constituting our database management system. The third party developer owns this software, subject to our license. The third party developer also has granted to CompuCredit a nonexclusive license to use, copy or display for internal use a system that automates the evaluation of customer application data, which, among other things, provides us with real-time access to credit information concerning our target market and our customers. The third party developer continues to provide substantially all of the computer software design and implementation services we require in the continuing refinement and use of our computer software systems. The third party developer has granted to us a right of first refusal during the term of the agreement in the event the developer wishes to sell or otherwise transfer any of its ownership rights in certain of the software it licenses to us. In addition, we have the right to acquire the entity that owns the database management system software. This right expires 12 months after the termination of the agreement with the third party developer. The agreement with the developer is still in effect.
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In addition to other factors and matters discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, set forth below are factors that we believe may affect our performance or cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements that we have made or may make in the future. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only risks we face. These risks are the ones we consider to be the most significant at this time. We might be wrong. There may be risks that you in particular view differently than we do, and there are other risks and uncertainties that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider less significant, but that may in fact impair our business operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be seriously harmed and the trading price of our common stock could decline.
Our business is difficult to evaluate because of our limited operating history.
There is a lack of historical information available for our investors. Because we were formed in August 1996, investors have limited information on which to evaluate our future operating results and business prospects.
We have limited experience with our receivables. We have limited underwriting, servicing, delinquency and default experience with our credit card receivables, which may limit the usefulness or reliability of our historical information.
Our portfolio purchases may cause fluctuations in reported managed loan data, which may reduce the usefulness of historical managed loan data in evaluating our business.
Our reported managed loan data may fluctuate substantially from quarter to quarter as a result of recent and future portfolio acquisitions. As of December 31, 2000, portfolio acquisitions account for 11% of our total portfolio and may account for a significant portion of our credit card receivables in the future.
Credit card receivables included in purchased portfolios may have been originated using credit criteria different from our criteria. As a result, some of these receivables have a different credit quality than receivables we originated. Receivables included in any particular purchased portfolio may have significantly different delinquency rates and charge-off rates than the receivables previously originated and purchased by us. These receivables may also earn different interest rates and fees as compared to other similar receivables in our receivables portfolio. These variables could cause our reported managed loan data to fluctuate substantially in future periods making the evaluation of our business more difficult.
An economic slowdown could reduce credit card usage and increase credit losses.
Because our business is directly related to consumer spending, any sustained period of economic slowdown or recession could harm our results of operations or financial condition. During periods of economic slowdown or recession, we expect to experience a decreased demand for our products and services and an increase in rates of delinquencies and the frequency and severity of credit losses. Our actual rates of delinquencies and frequency and severity of credit losses may be higher under adverse economic conditions than those experienced in the consumer finance industry generally because of our focus on the underserved market. Moreover, because we have not experienced adverse general economic conditions since we began originating accounts, we may not accurately anticipate the effect of adverse economic conditions on the delinquency and credit loss rates on our accounts. There is also a risk that, regardless of general economic conditions, increasing numbers of credit cardholders may default on the payment of their outstanding balances or seek protection under bankruptcy laws, and that fraud by cardholders and third parties will increase.
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Lack of seasoning of our credit card portfolio may result in increased delinquencies and defaults.
A portfolio of older accounts generally behaves more predictably than a newly originated portfolio. As of December 31, 2000, 89% of our total portfolio was comprised of originated receivables and most of these originated receivables were less than two years old. In general, as the average age of an originated credit card receivables portfolio increases, delinquency and charge-off rates can be expected to increase and then stabilize. As a result, we expect the overall delinquency and charge-off rates on our originated portfolio to fluctuate as we add new accounts but to ultimately increase as the average age of our originated accounts increases. Any increases in delinquencies and charge-offs beyond our expectations will impair the value of our retained interests in the securitization transactions, may reduce the funds available for our future growth and may hinder our ability to complete other securitizations in the future. As recently as the fourth quarter of 2000, a greater than expected charge-off increase led to a decrease in net interest margin, which adversely impacted our business and stock price.
Because a significant portion of our reported income is based on our management's estimates of the performance of securitized receivables, differences between actual and expected performance of the receivables may cause fluctuations in net income.
Income from the sale of receivables in our securitization transactions and income from retained interests in credit card receivables securitized have constituted, and are likely to continue to constitute, a significant portion of our income. Portions of this income are based primarily on management's estimates of cash flows we expect to receive from the securitized receivables. Differences between actual and expected performance of the receivables may cause fluctuations in our net income. The expected cash flows are based on management's estimates of interest rates, default rates, payment rates, new purchases, costs of funds paid to investors in the securitizations, servicing costs and required amortization payments. These estimates are based on a variety of factors, many of which are not within our control. As a result, these estimates will differ from actual performance.
Increases in expected losses and delinquencies may cause us to incur losses on our securitized receivables and prevent us from continuing to securitize receivables in the future on similar terms.
If the actual amounts of delinquencies and losses that occur in our securitized receivables are greater than our expectations, the value of our retained interests in the securitization transactions may be impaired. Since we derive a portion of our income from these retained interests, higher than expected rates of delinquency and loss could cause our net income to be lower than expected. In addition, under the terms of our securitizations agreements, certain levels of loss and delinquency could result in us being required to repay our securitizations investors earlier than expected, reducing funds available to us for future growth. Greater than expected delinquencies and losses could also impact our ability to complete other securitization transactions on acceptable terms or at all, thereby decreasing our liquidity and forcing us to rely on alternative, potentially more expensive funding sources to the extent available.
We may not successfully evaluate the creditworthiness of our customers and may not price our credit products so as to remain profitable.
We may not successfully evaluate the creditworthiness of our customers and may not price our credit products so as to remain profitable. Our target market generally has a higher risk of nonpayment, higher frequencies of delinquencies and higher credit losses than consumers who are served by more traditional providers of consumer credit. Some of the consumers included in our target market are consumers who are dependent upon finance companies, consumers with only retail store credit cards and/or lacking general purpose credit cards, consumers who are establishing or expanding their credit and consumers who may have had a delinquency, a default or, in some instances, a bankruptcy in their credit histories, but have, in our view, demonstrated recovery. We price our credit products taking into account the risk level of our
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target customers. However greater than expected nonpayment and delinquency rates could harm our profitability.
Intense competition for credit card customers may cause us to lose accounts or account balances to competitors.
We may lose entire accounts, or may lose account balances, to competing card issuers that offer lower interest rates and fees or other more attractive terms or features. We believe that customers choose credit card issuers largely on the basis of interest rates, fees, credit limits and other product features. For this reason, customer loyalty is often limited. Our future growth depends largely upon the success of our marketing programs and strategies. Our credit card business competes with national, regional and local bank card issuers and with other general purpose credit card issuers, including American Express®, Discover® and issuers of Visa® and MasterCard® credit cards. Some of these competitors may already use or may begin using many of the programs and strategies that we have used to attract new accounts. In addition, many of our competitors are substantially larger than we are and have greater financial resources. Further, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, which permits the affiliation of commercial banks, insurance companies and securities firms, may increase the level of competition in the financial services market, including the credit card business. In the fourth quarter of 2000, the growth rate of our average managed loans slowed, some of which was directly attributable to increased competition. See "Item 1. BusinessCompetition."
We may be unable to meet our future capital and liquidity needs or may be forced to rely on more expensive funding sources to sustain our growth.
We will require additional capital in the future, and we may not be able to sell debt or equity securities, securitize our receivables or borrow additional funds on a timely basis or on terms that are acceptable to us. Our cash requirements exceed the amount of cash we generate from operations. We have financed substantially all of our originated and purchased receivables through securitizations. If additional or future securitization transactions are not available on terms we consider acceptable, we may have to rely on other more expensive funding sources, may not be able to grow or may have to reduce our managed loans outstanding. As recently as the fourth quarter of 1998, disruptions in the credit markets adversely affected the ability of companies like us to raise money from these sources. Furthermore, our ability to securitize our assets depends on the continued availability of credit enhancement on acceptable terms and the continued favorable legal, regulatory, accounting and tax environment for these transactions. For more detailed information on our securitizations, see "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsCredit Card Securitizations."
The terms we negotiate on our future securitizations may not be as favorable to us as the terms of our existing securitizations, which could increase our financing costs.
Because the terms of our securitizations are negotiated with each investor, the terms of our future securitizations may not be as favorable to us as the terms of our existing securitizations. We believe that we have negotiated favorable terms for our current securitizations, including the amounts the investors pay us when the receivables are initially securitized. Because of our reliance on securitizations, any failure by us to obtain terms in future securitizations that are as advantageous to us as the terms of our current securitizations could increase our financing costs and reduce our net income.
The timing and size of securitizations may cause fluctuations in quarterly income.
Substantial fluctuations in the timing or the volume of receivables securitized will cause fluctuations in our quarterly income. Factors that affect the timing or volume of securitizations include the growth in our receivables, market conditions and the approval by all parties of the terms of the securitization.
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We may be unable to sustain and manage our growth.
If we cannot sustain or manage our growth, we may experience fluctuations in net income or sustain net losses. We have rapidly and significantly expanded our operations and our credit card receivables portfolio. We plan to continue to increase our credit card receivables portfolio. However, as recently as the fourth quarter of 2000, a slower than expected growth rate of our managed loans, primarily attributable to increased competition and decreased consumer spending, hampered our financial performance, negatively impacted our stock price and caused us to revise our growth targets. We may not be able to manage the following factors that affect our growth:
We may be required to pay to investors in our securitizations an amount equal to the amount of securitized receivables if representations and warranties made to us by sellers of the receivables are inaccurate.
The representations and warranties made to us by sellers of receivables we purchased may be inaccurate. We rely on these representations and warranties when we securitize these purchased receivables. Our securitization transactions involve us making representations and warranties to investors and, generally speaking, if there is a breach of our representations and warranties, then under the terms of the applicable investment agreement, we could be required to pay the investors a sum equal to the amount of the securitized receivables. Thus, our reliance on a representation or warranty of a receivables seller, which proves to be false and causes a breach of one of our representations or warranties, could subject us to a potentially costly liability. Although we have rights to indemnification by the sellers of the receivables, we may be unable to enforce these rights. Additionally, these indemnification rights, if enforceable, may not be sufficient in each case to reimburse us fully for any payments that we are obliged to make.
Seasonal consumer spending may result in fluctuations in our net income.
Our quarterly income may substantially fluctuate as a result of seasonal consumer spending. In particular, our customers may charge more and carry higher balances during the year-end holiday season and before the beginning of the school year, resulting in corresponding increases in managed loans and receivables securitized during those periods.
Departure of key personnel could harm our operations.
We depend upon the skills and experience of our executive officers. We have entered into employment agreements with our executive officers, which contain confidentiality and non-compete provisions, but we cannot assure you that these persons will not leave us to pursue other opportunities. The loss of the
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services of David G. Hanna, our Chief Executive Officer, Richard R. House, Jr., our President, Richard W. Gilbert, our Chief Operating Officer, or Ashley L. Johnson, our Chief Financial Officer, could harm our operations. We do not maintain key-man life insurance on any executive officer.
Increases in interest rates may increase our cost of funds and may reduce the payment performance of our customers.
Increases in interest rates may increase our cost of funds, which could significantly affect our results of operations and financial condition. Our credit card accounts have variable interest rates. Significant increases in these variable interest rates may reduce the payment performance of our customers.
Consumer protection laws may make collection of credit card account balances more difficult or may expose us to the risk of litigation.
Any failure to comply with legal requirements by Columbus Bank and Trust, as the issuer of our credit cards, or by us or Columbus Bank and Trust, as the servicer of our credit card accounts, could significantly impair our ability or the ability of Columbus Bank and Trust to collect the full amount of the credit card account balances. Further, any such failure to comply with the law could expose us or Columbus Bank and Trust to the risk of litigation under state and federal consumer protection statutes, rules and regulations. Our operations and the operations of Columbus Bank and Trust are regulated by federal, state and local government authorities and are subject to various laws, rules and regulations, as well as judicial and administrative decisions imposing requirements and restrictions on our business. Due to the consumer-oriented nature of the credit industry, there is a risk that we or other industry participants may be named as defendants in litigation involving alleged violations of federal and state laws and regulations, including consumer protection laws. The institution of any litigation of this nature or any judgment against us or any other industry participant in any litigation of this nature could adversely affect our business and financial condition in a variety of ways. For more information regarding consumer and debtor protection laws applicable to us and Columbus Bank and Trust, see "Item 1. BusinessConsumer and Debtor Protection Laws and Regulations."
Changes in law may increase our credit losses and administrative expenses, restrict the amount of interest and other charges imposed on the credit card accounts or limit our ability to make changes to existing accounts.
Numerous legislative and regulatory proposals are advanced each year which, if adopted, could harm our profitability or limit the manner in which we conduct our activities. Changes in federal and state bankruptcy and debtor relief laws may increase our credit losses and administrative expenses. More restrictive laws, rules and regulations may be adopted in the future which could make compliance more difficult or expensive, further restrict the amount of interest and other charges imposed on credit card accounts we originated or marketed, limit our ability to make changes to the terms on existing accounts or otherwise significantly harm our business.
Unless we obtain a bank charter, we cannot issue credit cards other than through an agreement with a bank.
Because we do not have a bank charter, we currently cannot issue credit cards other than through an agreement with a bank. We issue our credit cards under an agreement with Columbus Bank and Trust. Unless we obtain a bank charter, we will continue to rely upon Columbus Bank and Trust to issue credit cards to our customers. If our agreement with Columbus Bank and Trust were terminated or otherwise disrupted, there is a risk that we would not be able to enter into an agreement with an alternate provider on terms that we consider favorable or in a timely manner without disruption of our business.
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Because we outsource our account processing functions, any disruption or termination of that outsourcing relationship could harm our business.
We outsource certain account processing functions for the accounts pursuant to an agreement with Columbus Bank and Trust and its affiliate, Total Systems. If this agreement were terminated or otherwise disrupted, there is a risk that we would not be able to enter into a similar agreement with an alternate provider on terms that we consider favorable or in a timely manner without disruption of our business. For additional information on services provided to us by third parties, see "Item 1. BusinessAccount and Portfolio Management."
If we obtain a bank charter, any changes in applicable state or federal laws could adversely affect our business.
If we obtain a bank charter, we will be subject to the various state and federal regulations generally applicable to similar institutions, including restrictions on the ability of the banking subsidiary to pay dividends to us. We are unable to predict the effect of any future changes of applicable state and federal laws or regulations, but such changes could adversely affect the bank's business and operations.
Negative publicity may impair acceptance of our products.
Critics of the credit card industry have in the past focused on marketing practices that they claim encourage consumers to borrow more money than they should, as well as on pricing practices that they claim are either confusing or result in prices that are too high. Increased criticism of the industry or criticism of us in the future could hurt customer acceptance of our products or lead to changes in the law or regulatory environment, either of which would significantly harm our business.
Due to the lack of historical experience with Internet customers, we may not be able to successfully target these customers or evaluate their creditworthiness.
There is less historical experience with respect to the credit risk and performance of credit card customers acquired over the Internet. As part of our growth strategy, we may expand our origination of credit card accounts over the Internet. We may not be able to successfully target and evaluate the creditworthiness of these potential customers. Therefore, we may encounter difficulties managing the expected delinquencies and losses and appropriately pricing our products. To the extent that we rely on the Internet for new account growth, we could experience any or all of the following:
Moreover, general economic factors, such as the rate of inflation, unemployment levels and interest rates may affect Internet customers more severely than other market segments, which could increase our delinquencies and losses.
Internet security breaches could damage our reputation and business.
Internet security breaches could damage our reputation and business. As part of our growth strategy, we may expand our origination of credit card accounts over the Internet. The secure transmission of confidential information over the Internet is essential to maintaining consumer confidence in our products and services offered online. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries or other developments could result in a compromise or breach of the technology used by us to protect customer application and transaction data transmitted over the Internet. Security breaches could damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation. Our insurance policies may not be adequate to reimburse us for losses caused by security breaches. Moreover, consumers generally are concerned with security and privacy on
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the Internet, and any publicized security problems could inhibit the growth of the Internet as a means of conducting commercial transactions. Our ability to solicit new account holders over the Internet would be severely impeded if consumers become unwilling to transmit confidential information online.
Our principal executive offices, comprising approximately 62,000 square feet, and our operations centers and collection facilities, comprising approximately 36,000 square feet, are located in leased premises in Atlanta, Georgia. Our fee-based business, comprising approximately 10,500 square feet, is located in leased premises in Daytona Beach, Florida. We believe that our facilities are suitable to our businesses and that we will be able to lease or purchase additional facilities as our needs require.
In November 2000, CompuCredit and David Hanna, our Chief Executive Officer, were named defendants in a series of purported class action lawsuits filed in the Federal District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. These lawsuits arise from the decline in the market value of our common stock on October 25, 2000, and allege that prior to that date CompuCredit and Mr. Hanna made false and misleading statements in violation of Federal securities laws. In general, the lawsuits seek compensatory monetary damages and legal fees. We do not believe that these lawsuits have any merit and we intend to defend them vigorously. We do not believe that the lawsuits filed are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on CompuCredit's financial position or results of operations. In addition, we could become involved in litigation from time to time relating to claims arising out of the ordinary course of business.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the quarter ended December 31, 2000.
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
Our common stock has traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "CCRT" since our initial public offering in April 1999. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock as reported on the Nasdaq National Market. As of February 22, 2001, there were approximately 63 holders of our common stock, not including persons whose stock is held in nominee or "street name" accounts through brokers.
| 1999 |
High |
Low |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2nd Quarter (April 23, 1999 through June 30, 1999) | 211/8 | 121/8 | ||
| 3rd Quarter 1999 | 255/8 | 161/4 | ||
| 4th Quarter 1999 | 391/16 | 183/8 |
| 2000 |
High |
Low |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Quarter 2000 | 44 | 271/2 | ||
| 2nd Quarter 2000 | 367/8 | 273/8 | ||
| 3rd Quarter 2000 | 605/16 | 28 | ||
| 4th Quarter 2000 | 661/16 | 141/2 |
The closing price of our common stock on the Nasdaq National Market on March 14, 2001 was [89/32]. We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying a cash dividend on our common stock in the foreseeable future. We currently are prohibited from paying cash dividends on our common stock by our revolving credit agreement. See "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity, Funding and Capital Resources."
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain selected consolidated financial and other data for CompuCredit. You should read the selected consolidated financial and other data below in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes and with "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. We have derived the following selected financial data, except for the selected credit card data, for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999, 1998 and 1997 and the period from our inception on August 14, 1996 to December 31, 1996 from our audited consolidated financial statements, which have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors. In April 2000, we acquired Citadel Group, Inc. ("Citadel") of Daytona Beach, Florida. The transaction was accounted for as a pooling of interests. All amounts have been restated to reflect the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the respective companies as though the companies were combined for all periods presented.
In August 1997, we began securitizing our credit card receivables. In each securitization, we receive cash, retain an interest in the receivables that are securitized, retain the rights to receive cash in the future and service the accounts. Securitizations are treated as sales under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"). As such, we remove the securitized loans from our Consolidated Balance Sheet. We analyze our financial performance on a "managed loan" portfolio basis, as if the receivables securitized were still on our balance sheet because the performance of those receivables will affect the future cash flows we actually receive on the receivables. The information in the following table under "Selected Credit Card Data" is presented on this managed loan basis.
During 1998, we purchased two portfolios of credit card receivables at substantial discounts from the face amount of the credit card receivables outstanding. The discounts totaled $284.5 million at the time of purchase. A portion of the discount relates to receivables we identified as being at or near charge-off at the time of purchase. There were approximately 52,000 of these accounts, representing 25.9% of the accounts purchased, with $137.2 million of outstanding receivables at the time of purchase. We have excluded these receivables from all managed loan data presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We have divided the remaining portion of the $284.5 million discount into two components. The first component of approximately $87.5 million relates to the credit quality of the remaining receivables in the portfolios and reflects the difference between the purchased face amount of the receivables and the future cash collections that our management expects to receive from the receivables. For purposes of reporting pro forma charge-off ratios on managed loans, we have used this discount related to credit quality to offset a portion of actual net charge-offs. The second component of the remaining discount, which was approximately $59.8 million, is unrelated to the credit quality of the receivables, and this component is being added into interest income for purposes of managed loan reporting.
The net interest margins presented below under "Selected Credit Card Data" include our net interest and late fee income on a managed loan basis less actual cost of funds on an annualized basis. These net interest margins also take into account all costs associated with asset securitizations, including the interest paid to the investors and the amortization of the portion of the discount on our purchased portfolio that is in excess of discounts related to credit quality. The net charge-off ratios presented below reflect actual principal amounts charged off, less recoveries, as a percentage of average managed loans on an annualized basis. The delinquency ratios presented below represent credit card receivables that were at least 60 days past due at the end of the period.
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Period from August 14, 1996 to December 31, 1996 |
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Year Ended December 31, |
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1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
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(In thousands, except per share data) |
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| Statement of Operations Data: | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | $ | | $ | 2,658 | $ | 286 | $ | 2,152 | $ | 7,091 | |||||||
| Interest expense | | 361 | 595 | | | ||||||||||||
| Net interest income (expense) | | 2,297 | (309 | ) | 2,152 | 7,091 | |||||||||||
| Provision for loan losses | | 1,422 | | | | ||||||||||||
| Securitization income | | 628 | 13,596 | 12,470 | 11,778 | ||||||||||||
| Income from retained interests in credit | |||||||||||||||||
| card receivables securitized | | | 25,483 | 88,800 | 113,944 | ||||||||||||
| Other operating income | | 1,383 | 20,294 | 55,332 | 109,247 | ||||||||||||
| Other operating expense | 148 | 3,611 | 19,968 | 60,384 | 117,905 | ||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | (148 | ) | (725 | ) | 39,096 | 98,370 | 124,155 | ||||||||||
| Income taxes | | | (15,479 | ) | (34,267 | ) | (41,781 | ) | |||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (148 | ) | $ | (725 | ) | $ | 23,617 | $ | 64,103 | $ | 82,374 | |||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to | |||||||||||||||||
| common shareholders | n/a | $ | (1,341 | ) | $ | 21,817 | $ | 63,521 | $ | 82,374 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) per diluted share | n/a | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | 0.65 | $ | 1.61 | $ | 1.79 | |||||||
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At December 31, |
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1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
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(In thousands) |
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| Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||||||
| Retained interests in credit card receivables | ||||||||||||||||
| securitized | $ | | $ | 15,037 | $ | 65,184 | $ | 165,572 | $ | 325,583 | ||||||
| Total assets | 253 | 20,215 | 88,316 | 225,548 | 470,505 | |||||||||||
| Shareholders' equity | 152 | 19,127 | 53,276 | 176,221 | 404,181 | |||||||||||
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Period from August 14, 1996 to December 31, 1996 |
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At or for the Year Ended December 31, |
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1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
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(In thousands, except percentages) |
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| Selected Credit Card Data: | ||||||||||||||||
| Total average managed loans | $ | | ||||||||||||||