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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

[X] Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2003

OR

[ ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number 001-13672

THE COMMERCE GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Massachusetts

04-2599931

(State of Incorporation)

(IRS Employer
Identification No.)

211 Main Street, Webster, Massachusetts

01570

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (508) 943-9000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes
X No___

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes
X No___

As of October 30, 2003, the number of shares outstanding of the
Registrant's common stock (excluding Treasury Shares) was
31,962,952

Page 1 of 40

The Commerce Group, Inc.

Table of Contents

 

Page No.

Part I - Financial Information

 
   

Item 1. Financial Statements

 
   

Consolidated Balance Sheets at

 

    September 30, 2003 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2002

3

Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income for
    the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 and 2002
    (Unaudited)

4

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended
    September 30, 2003 and 2002 (Unaudited)

5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Reconciliation of Net
    Earnings to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities for the
    Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 (Unaudited)

6

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

7

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations

 
   

General

15

Results of Operations - Three Months Ended September 30, 2003

16

Results of Operations - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003

22

Liquidity and Capital Resources

28

Forward-Looking Statements

31

   

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

32

   

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

34

   

Part II - Other Information

 
   

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

35

   

Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds

35

   

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

35

   

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote by Security Holders

35

   

Item 5. Other Information

35

   

Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

36

   

Signature

36

- 2 -

Part I - Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

THE COMMERCE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Thousands of Dollars)

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

2003

 

2002

 


 


 

(Unaudited)

   

ASSETS

         

Investments

         

    Fixed maturities, at market (cost: $1,100,842 in 2003 and $666,910 in 2002)

$

1,114,094 

 

$

683,811 

    Preferred stocks, at market (cost: $288,586 in 2003 and $301,141 in 2002)

 

302,901 

   

305,057 

    Common stocks, at market (cost: $90,902 in 2003 and $81,602 in 2002)

 

94,558 

   

99,818 

    Preferred stock mutual funds, at equity (cost: $123,154 in 2003 and $294,192

         

     in 2002)

 

129,666 

   

270,616 

    Mortgage loans on real estate and collateral notes receivable (less allowance

         

     for possible loan losses of $382 in 2003 and $418 in 2002)

 

17,278 

   

26,754 

    Cash and cash equivalents

 

96,783 

   

169,946 

    Other investments, at equity (cost: $40,086 in 2003 and $35,015 in 2002)

 

24,190 

   

21,068 

 


 


           

      Total investments (cost: $1,758,013 in 2003 and $1,575,978 in 2002)

 

1,779,470 

   

1,577,070 

 


 


           

Accrued investment income

 

14,543 

   

13,959 

Premiums receivable (less allowance for doubtful receivables of $2,004 in 2003 and

         

 $1,661 in 2002)

 

407,204 

   

297,610 

Deferred policy acquisition costs

 

161,828 

   

138,241 

Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation

 

50,930 

   

51,509 

Residual market receivable

 

190,744 

   

164,476 

Due from reinsurers

 

113,302 

   

98,403 

Current income taxes

 

   

662 

Deferred income taxes

 

40,250 

   

30,728 

Receivable from securities sold

 

576 

   

366 

Non-compete agreement, net of accumulated amortization

 

1,867 

   

2,129 

Other assets

 

16,264 

   

7,535 

 


 


           

      Total assets

$

2,776,978 

 

$

2,382,688 

 


 


           

LIABILITIES, MINORITY INTEREST AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

         

Liabilities

         

    Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses

$

953,371 

 

$

815,626 

    Unearned premiums

 

852,740 

   

687,148 

    Current income taxes

 

5,724 

   

    Deferred income

 

8,082 

   

8,421 

    Contingent commissions accrued

 

27,760 

   

32,550 

    Payable for securities purchased

 

7,982 

   

    Other liabilities and accrued expenses

 

60,296 

   

44,785 

 


 


           

      Total liabilities

 

1,915,955 

   

1,588,530 

 


 


           

Minority interest

 

4,199 

   

4,106 

 


 


           

Stockholders' equity

         

    Preferred stock, authorized 5,000,000 shares at $1.00 par value; none issued in

         

     2003 and 2002

 

   

    Common stock, authorized 100,000,000 shares at $.50 par value; 38,364,744

         

     shares issued in 2003 and 38,281,627 in 2002

 

19,182 

   

19,141 

    Paid-in capital

 

42,420 

   

39,570 

    Net accumulated other comprehensive income, net of income taxes of $10,947 in

         

     2003 and $13,603 in 2002

 

20,331 

   

25,264 

    Retained earnings

 

954,180 

   

877,308 

 


 


      Total stockholders' equity before treasury stock

 

1,036,113 

   

961,283 

           

Treasury stock 6,401,792 shares in 2003 and 6,165,392 shares in 2002

 

(179,289)

   

(171,231)

 


 


    Total stockholders' equity

 

856,824 

   

790,052 

 


 


           

    Total liabilities, minority interest and stockholders' equity

$

2,776,978

 

$

2,382,688

 


 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

- 3 -

THE COMMERCE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS AND COMPREHENSIVE
INCOME

Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 and 2002
(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Unaudited)

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

September 30,

 

September 30,

 


 


 

2003

 

2002

 

2003

 

2002

 


 


 


 


     

(Restated)

     

(Restated)

Revenues

                     

  Direct premiums written

$

422,814 

 

$

356,483 

 

$

1,287,395 

 

$

1,088,412 

  Assumed premiums

 

30,771 

   

19,985 

   

88,523 

   

79,038 

  Ceded premiums

 

(52,570)

   

(52,275)

   

(162,393)

   

(141,220)

 


 


 


 


      Net premiums written

 

401,015 

   

324,193 

   

1,213,525 

   

1,026,230 

                       

  Increase in unearned premiums

 

(28,305)

   

(15,108)

   

(152,559)

   

(139,971)

 


 


 


 


  Earned premiums

 

372,710 

   

309,085 

   

1,060,966 

   

886,259 

                       

  Net investment income

 

23,318 

   

23,893 

   

69,130 

   

71,655 

  Premium finance and service fees

 

6,962 

   

5,722 

   

20,207 

   

15,719 

  Net realized investment gains (losses)

 

2,630 

   

(13,430)

   

62,650 

   

(48,422)

  Other income

 

   

2,500 

   

   

9,500 

 


 


 


 


      Total revenues

 

405,620 

   

327,770 

   

1,212,953 

   

934,711 

 


 


 


 


                       

Expenses

                     

  Losses and loss adjustment expenses

 

280,006 

   

231,520 

   

823,611 

   

671,071 

  Policy acquisition costs

 

93,588 

   

71,000 

   

249,358 

   

213,072 

 


 


 


 


                       

      Total expenses

 

373,594 

   

302,520 

   

1,072,969 

   

884,143 

 


 


 


 


                       

Earnings before income taxes, minority interest and

                     

 change in accounting principle

 

32,026 

   

25,250 

   

139,984 

   

50,568 

                       

Income tax

 

9,113 

   

12,621 

   

32,598 

   

16,669 

 


 


 


 


  Net earnings before minority interest and

                     

   change in accounting principle

 

22,913 

   

12,629 

   

107,386 

   

33,899 

Minority Interest in net (earnings) loss of subsidiary

 

(49)

   

(1)

   

(129)

   

162 

 


 


 


 


  Net earnings before change in accounting principle

 

22,864 

   

12,628 

   

107,257 

   

34,061 

Change in accounting principle, net of tax

 

   

   

   

11,237 

 


 


 


 


      NET EARNINGS

$

22,864 

 

$

12,628 

 

$

107,257 

 

$

45,298 

 


 


 


 


                       

      COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

$

10,842 

 

$

(2,425)

 

$

102,324 

 

$

43,911 

 


 


 


 


                       

      NET EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE BEFORE

                     

       CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF CHANGE IN ACCOUNTING

                     

       PRINCIPLE:

                     

         BASIC

$

0.72 

 

$

0.39 

 

$

3.35 

 

$

1.04 

 


 


 


 


         DILUTED

$

0.71 

 

$

0.38 

 

$

3.33 

 

$

1.02 

 


 


 


 


                       

      NET EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE FROM THE

                     

       CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF CHANGE IN ACCOUTING

                     

       PRINCIPLE:

                     

         BASIC

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

0.34 

 


 


 


 


         DILUTED

$

 

$

 

$

 

$

0.34 

 


 


 


 


                       

      NET EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:

                     

         BASIC

$

0.72 

 

$

0.39 

 

$

3.35 

 

$

1.38 

 


 


 


 


         DILUTED

$

0.71 

 

$

0.38 

 

$

3.33 

 

$

1.36 

 


 


 


 


                       

      CASH DIVIDENDS PAID PER COMMON SHARE

$

0.32 

 

$

0.31 

 

$

0.95 

 

$

0.92 

 


 


 


 


                       

      WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES

                     

       OUTSTANDING:

                     

         BASIC

 

31,962,952 

   

32,732,502 

   

31,978,794 

   

32,926,712 

 


 


 


 


         DILUTED

 

32,263,706 

   

32,983,276 

   

32,200,681 

   

33,228,089 

 


 


 


 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

- 4 -

THE COMMERCE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 and 2002
(Thousands of Dollars)
(Unaudited)

 

2003

 

2002

 


 


Cash flows from operating activities:

     

(Restated)

  Premiums collected

$

1,113,284 

 

$

927,651 

  Net investment income received

 

68,636 

   

70,223 

  Premium finance and service fees received

 

20,207 

   

15,719 

  Losses and loss adjustment expenses paid

 

(714,841)

   

(596,578)

  Policy acquisition costs paid

 

(275,972)

   

(238,522)

  Federal income tax payments

 

(33,078)

   

(30,610)

  Other income

 

   

9,500 

 


 


      Net cash provided by operating activities

 

178,236 

   

157,383 

 


 


           

Cash flows from investing activities:

         

  Proceeds from maturity of fixed maturities

 

125,605 

   

30,348 

  Proceeds from sale of fixed maturities

 

407,148 

   

87,767 

  Proceeds from sale of equity securities

 

299,787 

   

19,417 

  Proceeds from sale of preferred stock mutual funds

 

116,093 

   

6,367 

  Proceeds from sale of other investments

 

1,617 

   

1,902 

  Payments received on mortgage loans and collateral

         

   notes receivable

 

11,461 

   

9,619 

  Purchase of fixed maturities

 

(950,359)

   

(216,306)

  Purchase of equity securities

 

(216,960)

   

(75,507)

  Purchase of preferred stock mutual funds

 

   

(5,800)

  Purchase of other investments

 

(5,250)

   

(10,263)

  Mortgage loans and collateral notes originated

 

(1,948)

   

(1,671)

  Purchase of property and equipment

 

(4,000)

   

(15,350)

  Other investing activities

 

959 

   

635 

 


 


      Net cash used in investing activities

 

(215,847)

   

(168,842)

 


 


           

Cash flows from financing activities:

         

  Dividends paid to stockholders

 

(30,385)

   

(30,273)

  Purchase of treasury stock

 

(8,058)

   

(35,279)

  Capital stock issued

 

2,891 

   

9,210 

 


 


      Net cash used in financing activities

 

(35,552)

   

(56,342)

 


 


           

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents

 

(73,163)

   

(67,801)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

 

169,946 

   

148,630 

 


 


Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period

$

96,783 

 

$

80,829 

 


 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

- 5 -

THE COMMERCE GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Reconciliation of Net Earnings to Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003 and 2002
(Thousands of Dollars)
(Unaudited)

 

2003

 

2002

 


 


       

(Restated)

Cash flows from operating activities:

         

  Net earnings

$

107,257 

 

$

45,298 

  Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to

         

   net cash provided by operating activities:

         

    Premiums receivable

 

(109,594)

   

(94,829)

    Deferred policy acquisition costs

 

(23,587)

   

(26,070)

    Residual market receivable

 

(26,268)

   

(27,879)

    Due to/from reinsurers

 

(14,899)

   

(19,814)

    Losses and loss adjustment expenses

 

137,745 

   

93,168 

    Unearned premiums

 

165,592 

   

158,600 

    Current income taxes

 

6,386 

   

(6,677)

    Deferred income taxes

 

(6,866)

   

(7,264)

    Deferred income

 

(339)

   

1,256 

    Contingent commissions

 

(4,790)

   

(620)

    Other assets

 

(8,467)

   

(5,048)

    Other liabilities and accrued expenses

 

15,511 

   

3,279 

    Net realized investment (gains) losses

 

(62,650)

   

48,422 

    Change in accounting principle

 

   

(11,237)

    Minority interest

 

93 

   

4,385 

    Other - net

 

3,112 

   

2,413 

 


 


           

      Net cash provided by operating

         

       activities

$

178,236 

 

$

157,383 

 


 


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

- 6 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)

 1.   The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of manage-ment, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Certain previously reported 2002 account balances have been reclassified to conform to the current period's presentation and other balances have been restated as indicated in Note 10. Results for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2003 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2003.

      The balance sheet at December 31, 2002 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.

 2.   This Form 10-Q contains some statements that are not historical facts and are considered "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve opinions, assumptions and predictions, and no assurance can be given that the future results will be achieved since events or results may differ materially as a result of risks facing the Commerce Group, Inc. (the "Company"). These include, but are not limited to, those risks and uncertainties in the Company's business, some of which are beyond the control of the Company that are described in the Company's recently filed registration statement on Form S-3,as amended, our Forms 10-K and 10-Q, and other documents filed with the SEC, including the possibility of adverse catastrophe experience and severe weather, adverse trends in claim severity or frequency, adverse state and federal regulation and legislation, adverse judicial decisions, litigation risks, in terest rate risk, rate making decisions for private passenger automobile policies in Massachusetts, potential rate filings outside of Massachusetts, heightened competition, concentration of business within Massachusetts, dependence on certain principal employees, as well as the economic, market or regulatory conditions and risks associated with entry into new markets and diversification. The Company is not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaims any such obligations to) update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 3.   Legal Proceedings:

      As is common with property and casualty insurance companies, we are a defendant in various legal actions arising from the normal course of our business, including claims based on Massachusetts Chapters 176D and 93A. Similar provisions exist in other states where we do business. We consider these proceedings are to be ordinary to operations or without foundation in fact. We believe that these actions will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position.

      We previously disclosed that a purported class action lawsuit was pending in Massachusetts state court against The Commerce Insurance Company ("Commerce Insurance"). The lawsuit, titled "Elena Given, individually and as a representative of all persons similarly situated v. The Commerce Insurance Company," alleged damages as a result of the alleged inherent diminished value to vehicles that are involved in accidents.

- 7 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Continued)

On October 7, 2003, the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts ("SJC") ruled in favor of Commerce Insurance, overturning the trial court's decision that the Massachusetts automobile policy provides coverage for inherent diminished value. Commerce Insurance had not previously established a reserve for any potential liability related to the Given litigation because it had been unable to estimate the potential expense that would have resulted had the SJC upheld the trial court.

 4.   Disclosure of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130 - Reporting Comprehensive Income:

 

Three Months Ended

 

September 30,

 


 

2003

 

2002

 


 


       

(Restated)

Net earnings

$

22,864 

 

$

12,628 

 


 


Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes

         

 (benefits):

         

  Change in unrealized losses, net of income tax

         

   benefits of $8,754 in 2003 and $8,010 in 2002

 

(16,258)

   

(14,876)

  Reclassification adjustment, net of income taxes

         

   (benefits) of $2,281 in 2003 and ($95) in 2002

 

4,236 

   

(177)

 


 


Other comprehensive loss

 

(12,022)

   

(15,053)

 


 


Comprehensive income (loss)

$

10,842 

 

$

(2,425)

 


 


 

Nine Months Ended

 

September 30,

 


 

2003

 

2002

       

(Restated)

Net earnings

$

107,257 

 

$

45,298 

 


 


Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes

         

 (benefits):

         

  Change in unrealized gains (losses), net of income

         

   taxes (benefits) of $907 in 2003 and ($766) in

         

   2002

 

1,684 

   

(1,422)

  Reclassification adjustment, net of income taxes

         

   (benefits) of ($3,563) in 2003 and $19 in 2002

 

(6,617)

   

35 

 


 


Other comprehensive loss

 

(4,933)

   

(1,387)

 


 


Comprehensive income

$

102,324 

 

$

43,911 

 


 


- 8 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Continued)

 5.   Disclosure of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131 - Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information:

 

Earnings (Losses)

 

Before Income Taxes (Benefits)

 

Minority Interest

   

and Change in

 
     

Accounting

 

Identifiable

 

Revenue

 

Principle

 

Assets

 


 


 


Three Months Ended September 30, 2003

               

  Property and casualty insurance

               

    Massachusetts

$

348,053

 

$

31,909

 

$

2,421,225

    Other than Massachusetts

 

57,300

   

2,722

   

313,406

  Real estate and commercial lending

 

266

   

266

   

17,966

  Corporate and other

 

1

   

(2,871)

   

24,381

 


 


 


    Consolidated

$

405,620

 

$

32,026

 

$

2,776,978

 


 


 


                 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2002 (Restated)

               

  Property and casualty insurance

               

    Massachusetts

$

283,176

 

$

19,720

 

$

2,081,531

    Other than Massachusetts

 

43,891

   

112

   

268,248

  Real estate and commercial lending

 

702

   

702

   

32,254

  Corporate and other

 

1

   

4,716

   

12,314

 


 


 


    Consolidated

$

327,770

 

$

25,250

 

$

2,394,347

 


 


 


 

 

Earnings (Losses)

 

Before Income Taxes (Benefits)

 

Minority Interest

   

and Change in

 
     

Accounting

 

Identifiable

 

Revenue

 

Principle

 

Assets

 


 


 


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2003

               

  Property and casualty insurance

               

    Massachusetts

$

1,044,707

 

$

139,676

 

$

2,421,225

    Other than Massachusetts

 

167,133

   

6,452

   

313,406

  Real estate and commercial lending

 

1,111

   

1,111

   

17,966

  Corporate and other

 

2

   

(7,255)

   

24,381

 


 


 


    Consolidated

 

$1,212,953

 

$

139,984

 

$

2,776,978

 


 


 


                 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2002 (Restated)

               

  Property and casualty insurance

               

    Massachusetts

$

813,039

 

$

58,022

 

$

2,081,531

    Other than Massachusetts

 

119,753

   

(7,377)

   

268,248

  Real estate and commercial lending

 

1,918

   

1,918

   

32,254

  Corporate and other

 

1

   

(1,995)

   

12,314

 


 


 


    Consolidated

$

934,711

 

$

50,568

 

$

2,394,347

 


 


 


 6.   Liabilities for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses ("LAE") at September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 consist of:

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

2003

 

2002

 


 


Net voluntary unpaid losses and LAE

$

753,768 

 

$

650,892 

Voluntary salvage and subrogation recoverable

 

(91,611)

   

(88,108)

Assumed unpaid losses and LAE from CAR

 

154,565 

   

138,355 

Assumed salvage and subrogation recoverable

         

 from CAR

 

(22,790)

   

(22,790)

 


 


  Total voluntary and assumed unpaid losses

         

   and LAE

 

793,932 

   

678,349 

Adjustment for ceded unpaid losses and LAE

 

168,439 

   

146,277 

Adjustment for ceded salvage and subrogation

         

 recoverable

 

(9,000)

   

(9,000)

 


 


  Total unpaid losses and LAE

$

953,371 

 

$

815,626 

 


 


      CAR is commonly known as Commonwealth Automobile Reinsurers.

- 9 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Continued)

 7.   SFAS No. 113 "Accounting and Reporting for Reinsurance of Short-Duration and Long-Duration Contracts" effect:

      In accordance with SFAS No. 113, included in the unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses and the unearned premiums reported numbers are amounts for ceded reinsurance recoverable. At September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively, $159,439 and $137,277 were included in the unpaid losses and loss adjustment expense amounts. At September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002, respectively, $112,834 and $99,802 were included in the unearned premium liability amounts.

 8.   Stock-Based Compensation

      During 2002, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard ("SFAS") No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure", which provides alternative methods of accounting for stock-based compensation and amends SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation". The Company measures stock-based compensation expense (for the employee stock options granted in 1999 and 2000) under the variable accounting method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees", and its related interpretations. As allowed by SFAS No. 148, the Company has elected to continue to apply variable accounting for the stock options granted in 1999 and 2000. The Company continues to comply with APB Opinion No. 25 and related interpretations in applying fixed accounting for the employee stock options granted in 2001. Under the provisions of APB Opinion No. 25, no e xpense has been recognized for the 2001 employee stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002. The Company has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123, as amended by SFAS 148. If compensation expense for all employee stock options had been measured under the fair value based method prescribed by SFAS No. 123, as amended, net earnings would have been changed to the pro-forma amounts set forth below.

 

Three Months Ended

 

September 30,

 


 

2003

 

2002

 


 


Net earnings as reported

$

22,864 

 

$

12,628 

Adjust for employee stock-based compensation

         

 expense (income) included in reported net

         

 earnings, net of taxes

 

1,312 

   

(3,746)

Adjust for employee stock-based compensation

         

 (expense) determined under the fair value

         

 method for all employee stock options, net

         

 of tax

 

(366)

   

(535)

 


 


Pro-forma net earnings

$

23,810 

 

$

8,347 

 


 


Basic earnings per share:

         

  As reported

$

0.72 

 

$

0.39 

  Pro-forma

$

0.74 

 

$

0.26 

Diluted earnings per share:

         

  As reported

$

0.71 

 

$

0.38 

  Pro-forma

$

0.74 

 

$

0.25 

- 10 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Continued)

 

Nine Months Ended

 

September 30,

 


 

2003

 

2002

 


 


Net earnings as reported

$

107,257 

 

$

45,298 

Adjust for employee stock-based compensation

         

 expense (income) included in reported net

         

 earnings, net of taxes

 

678 

   

(1,245)

Adjust for employee stock-based compensation

         

 (expense) determined under the fair value

         

 method for all employee stock options, net

         

 of tax

 

(1,271)

   

(1,906)

 


 


Pro-forma net earnings

$

106,664 

 

$

42,147 

 


 


           

Basic earnings per share:

         

  As reported

$

3.35 

 

$

1.38 

  Pro-forma

$

3.34 

 

$

1.28 

Diluted earnings per share:

         

  As reported

$

3.33 

 

$

1.36 

  Pro-forma

$

3.31 

 

$

1.27 

      The fair value of each employee stock option is estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

 

Nine and

 

Three Months Ended

 

September 30,

 


 

2003

 

2002

 


 


Dividend yield

*

 

*

Expected volatility

28.90%

 

28.90%

Risk-free interest rate

2.14%

 

2.77%

Expected option life in years

3

 

3

* - 0% for employee stock options granted in 1999 and 2000 and 3.40% and 3.36% for employee stock options granted in 2001 for 2003 and 2002, respectively.

 9.   Earnings Per Share:

      Net earnings per basic common share are computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of basic common shares outstanding. The weighted average number of basic common shares outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 were 31,978,794 and 32,926,712, respectively. Weighted average number of basic common shares outstanding is determined by taking the average of the following calculation for a specified period of time: The daily amount of (1) the total issued outstanding common shares minus (2) the total Treasury Stock purchased.

      Earnings per diluted common share are based on the weighted average number of diluted common shares outstanding during each period. The weighted average number of diluted common shares outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 were 32,200,681 and 33,228,089, respectively. Our only potentially dilutive instruments are stock options outstanding and dilution from these is not significant.

10.   2002 Restatement for Stock Options:

      As disclosed in our 2002 Form 10-K, in the fourth quarter of 2002, we have changed our method of accounting for employee stock options and began applying variable accounting treatment for employee stock options issued in 1999 and 2000. Accordingly, we have restated our 2002 quarterly results. The impact of the restatement for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 resulted in an increase to net earnings of $1.9 million or $0.04 per diluted share. The comparable amount for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 resulted in a decrease to net earnings of $1.0 million or $0.02 per diluted share. The impact of the restatement for the three months ended September 30, 2002 resulted in an increase to net earnings of $5.7 million or $0.11 per diluted share. The comparable amount for the three months ended September 30, 2003 resulted in a decrease to net earnings of $1.6 million or $0.03 per diluted share.

- 11 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Continued)

11.   Contingencies Related to Commonwealth Automobile Reinsurers ("CAR"):

      Member companies of CAR have joint and several liabilities for the obligations of CAR. If one member of CAR fails to pay its assessments, the remaining members of CAR will be required to pay the pro-rata share of the member who fails to pay its obligations. At the present time, we are not aware of any CAR member company who has failed to meet its obligations.

      In a letter to the Massachusetts Insurance Commissioner (the "Commissioner") dated June 25, 2002, the Massachusetts Attorney General reported that, based on his examination of available information, he "believes that the CAR plan for providing access to insurance in the residual market does not comply with the CAR enabling statute, and must be changed to produce a fair and equitable market". The Attorney General's letter describes several factors that he believes support his findings and which he believes should be corrected in order to comply with Massachusetts law governing CAR. The Attorney General's letter calls on the Commissioner to work with him to address these issues. It is uncertain whether and to what extent the issues raised by the Attorney General will be addressed by the Commissioner. We cannot be certain whether changes, if any, would have a material impact on us.

12.   Preferred Stock Mutual Funds:

      The following table reflects the shares held, percentage of ownership, carrying value at equity, cost and quoted market value, by fund at September 30, 2003 and December 31, 2002 for those funds which the Company recorded using the equity method of accounting due to ownership levels:

At September 30, 2003

   

Fund

     

Carrying

     

Quoted

Fund

 

Shares

 

% of

 

Value

     

Market

Symbol (1)

 

Held

 

Ownership

 

at Equity

 

Cost

 

Value


 


 


 


 


 


PGD

 

1,960,700

 

23.5%

 

$ 24,666

 

$ 22,155

 

$ 24,097

PPF

 

1,893,100

 

26.1%

 

  24,837

 

  20,492

 

  23,664

PDF

 

3,298,567

 

21.9%

 

  29,093

 

  29,528

 

  30,479

PDT

 

4,711,200

 

31.3%

 

  51,070

 

  50,979

 

  49,562

           


 


 


Total

         

$129,666

 

$123,154

 

$127,802

           


 


 


At December 31, 2002

   

Fund

     

Carrying

     

Quoted

Fund

 

Shares

 

% of

 

Value

     

Market

Symbol (1)

 

Held

 

Ownership

 

at Equity

 

Cost

 

Value


 


 


 


 


 


PGD

 

2,571,100

 

30.8%

 

$ 29,259

 

$ 28,358

 

$ 29,568

PPF

 

2,373,800

 

32.7%

 

  26,777

 

  26,298

 

  28,367

PDF

 

4,696,100

 

31.3%

 

  37,851

 

  42,489

 

  39,306

PDT

 

5,506,500

 

36.7%

 

  53,743

 

  59,507

 

  53,413

DIV (2)

 

3,635,600

 

36.7%

 

  44,536

 

  50,492

 

  47,481

PFD (2)

 

2,799,500

 

27.9%

 

  38,185

 

  41,882

 

  42,273

PFO (2)

 

3,756,043

 

33.1%

 

  40,265

 

  45,166

 

  45,861

           


 


 


Total

         

$270,616

 

$294,192

 

$286,269

           


 


 


(1) John Hancock Patriot Global Dividend Fund ("PGD"), John Hancock Patriot Preferred Dividend Fund ("PPF"), John Hancock Patriot Premium Dividend I Fund ("PDF"), John Hancock Patriot Premium Dividend II Fund ("PDT"), John Hancock Patriot Select Dividend Fund ("DIV"), Preferred Income Fund ("PFD"), Preferred Income Opportunity Fund ("PFO").

- 12 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Continued)

(2) During the third quarter of 2003 the Company's ownership interest in these funds dropped below an ownership percentage of 20%, therefore the Company no longer accounts for its investment in those funds using the equity method of accounting. These funds are now reported at fair market value, the unrealized gains or losses are reported as comprehensive income and they are classified under the common stock category. During the third quarter of 2003 a reclassification was made from preferred stock mutual funds to common stocks in the amount of $62,186 which represented the NAV value of these three funds at September 30, 2003. Gains and losses related to changes in NAV recorded on these funds prior to their reclassification at September 30, 2003 were recorded as realized gains or losses.

13.   Reinsurance Changes Effective on July 1, 2003

      Our 75% quota-share reinsurance agreement, which provided reinsurance on our other than automobile business, terminated effective June 30, 2003. The quota-share program was incepted on July 1, 1998 and established for a five year period. We have negotiated a 65% quota-share agreement for one year with modified terms. The new program became effective July 1, 2003. In the event of a catastrophe, recovery is limited to 65% of the loss with a maximum recovery estimated at $225 million. Several limitations were added to the new contract regarding losses related to nuclear, chemical, and biological terrorist events. Our maximum loss recovery in case of these types of events is estimated at $26 million. Our 100 and 250 year probable maximum loss events have been estimated at approximately $180 million and $290 million, respectively, based on policies in force at December 31, 2002.

14.   New Relevant Accounting Developments

      FIN. 46 - Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities - An Interpretation of ARB No. 51.

      In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46"), which addresses consolidation issues surrounding special purpose entities, often termed variable interest entities ("VIE"), to which the usual condition for consolidation does not apply because the VIE either has no voting interests or otherwise is not subject to financial control through ownership of voting interest. Under FIN 46, the primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. FIN 46 is required to be adopted by the end of fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2003, with the exception of non registered investment companies that meet a certain criteria, for whom FIN 46 has been deferred for an indefinite period. At September 30, 2003, we did not own any securities that met the provisions of consolidation under FIN 46; therefore FIN 46 has no current effect on our financial statements.

      FAS. 150 - Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with characteristics of
      both liabilities and equity.

      In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, "Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity" ("SFAS No. 150"), which requires an issuer of certain classes of freestanding financial instruments, as set out in the statement, to classify such instruments as a liability and, in most instances, measure the instruments at fair value. SFAS No. 150 is effective for all financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise shall be effective at the beginning of the first interim period after June 15, 2003 for financial instruments that were in existence prior to May 31, 2003. For financial instruments created before the issuance date of SFAS No. 150 and still existing at the beginning of the interim period of adoption, transition shall be achieved by initially measuring the financial instruments at fair value and reporting the difference between the fair value and the previous carrying value as the cum ulative effect of a change in accounting principle. As of September 30, 2003, we did not issue any financial instruments that met the provisions of SFAS No. 150; therefore, SFAS No. 150 nor the deferral of the effective dates of certain provisions have not affected our financial statements.

- 13 -

The Commerce Group, Inc. and Subsidiaries
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)
(Continued)

15.   Book Value Awards

      A total of 1,408,676 book value awards were issued under the Amended and Restated Incentive Compensation Plan during the second quarter of 2003 as compared to 1,268,784 book value awards issued during the second quarter of 2002. Book value awards outstanding at September 30, 2003 and 2002 totaled 3,103,361 and 2,240,010, respectively. Expenses relating to book value awards were $5,518 and $1,210 for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

16.   Income Taxes

      The 2003 effective tax rate was positively impacted by $3.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003, representing the Company's ability to utilize previously unrecognized tax benefits associated with capital loss carry forwards. The income tax for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 was negatively impacted by an increase in the Company's tax valuation allowance of $10.9 million related to a deferred tax asset previously established for realized investment losses.

17.   FAS 115 Investments Carried at Market Value

      All of our fixed maturities, preferred stocks and common stocks are categorized as available for sale and therefore are carried at fair market value. Fair market value is derived from market prices supplied by our investment custodian.

- 14 -

Item 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

(Thousands of Dollars Except Per Share Data)

General

      In this Form 10-Q "we", "us", and "our" refer collectively to The Commerce Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

      We were incorporated in 1976. We are engaged in providing personal and commercial property and casualty insurance primarily in Massachusetts through our principal subsidiary, The Commerce Insurance Company ("Commerce Insurance"), which was incorporated in 1971 and began writing business in 1972. Our predominant insurance line is motor vehicle insurance, primarily covering Massachusetts personal automobiles. We also offer commercial automobile, homeowners, inland marine, fire, general liability, commercial multi-peril and personal and commercial umbrella insurance. We also write insurance in California and Oregon through Commerce West Insurance Company ("Commerce West"), located in Pleasanton, California, which primarily focuses on personal automobile insurance and also writes commercial automobile insurance. Additionally, we write insurance through American Commerce Insurance Company ("American Commerce"), which writes primarily personal automobile insurance and also writes homeowner insurance. Located in Columbus, Ohio, American Commerce is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ACIC Holding Co., Inc. with policies in 24 states and licenses in several others. Through our subsidiaries' combined insurance activities, we are ranked as the 22nd largest personal automobile insurance group in the country by A.M. Best, based on direct premiums written as of December 31, 2002.

2002 Restatement for Stock Options

      As disclosed in our 2002 Form 10-K, in the fourth quarter of 2002, we changed our method of accounting for employee stock options and began applying variable accounting treatments for employee stock options granted in 1999 and 2000. Accordingly, we restated our 2002 quarterly results. The impact of the restatement for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 resulted in an increase to net earnings of $1.9 million or $0.04 per diluted share. The comparable amount for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 resulted in a decrease to net earnings of $1.0 million or $0.02 per diluted share. The impact of the restatement for the three months ended September 30, 2002 resulted in an increase to net earnings of $5.7 million or $0.11 per diluted share. The comparable amount for the three months ended September 30, 2003 resulted in a decrease to net earnings of $1.6 million or $0.03 per diluted share.

- 15 -

Results of Operations

Three months ended September 30, 2003 compared to
Three months ended September 30, 2002 (restated)

Overview

      Our net earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2003 were $22,864 as compared to $12,628 for the three months ended September 30, 2002. This $10,236 increase in earnings was primarily affected by an improvement in our net realized investment gains (losses) in 2003 when compared to 2002. Our after-tax net realized investment gains were $1,710 in 2003, as compared to an after-tax net realized investment loss of $17,102 in 2002, a change of $18,812.

      The after-tax net investment gains of $1,710 for the three months ended September 30, 2003 were primarily the result of our decision to sell a portion of our securities with unrealized gains in order to change our investment strategy. These sales of securities at a gain more than offset losses incurred during the period for the decrease in equity of the preferred stock mutual funds accounted for on the equity basis and for the write-down of investments for other-than-temporary impairment of value. The 2002 after-tax net investment loss of $17,102 was primarily caused by the decrease of our equity investment in preferred stock mutual funds and the tax impact of a valuation allowance on deferred taxes.

      The increase in net earnings related to the change in net realized investment gains was partially offset by increased expenses for losses and loss adjustment expenses and for policy acquisition costs which were higher than the increase in earned premium by $7,449 for the three months ended September 30, 2003. The major cause of this increase in expenses over increased earned premium for the quarter was a $6,000 accrual for an assessment from the Massachusetts Insurers Insolvency Fund in 2003, with no similar accrual in 2002. The three months ended September 30, 2003 also had $2,500 less other income than the three months ended September 30, 2002, because of a payment received in 2002 from an agreement to assume the Massachusetts personal automobile insurance written by another insurance carrier, while 2003 had no similar income.

- 16 -

Premiums

      The following table compares direct premiums written, net premiums written and earned premiums for the three months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002:

Three Months Ended September 30,


2003

2002

$ Change

% Change





Direct Premiums Written:

  Personal Automobile in Massachusetts

$

299,413

 

$

254,327

 

$

45,086 

 

17.7% 

  Personal Automobile in all other states

 

50,492

   

41,899

   

8,593 

 

20.5% 

  Commercial Automobile in Massachusetts

 

19,995

   

17,338

   

2,657 

 

15.3% 

  Commercial Automobile in all other states

 

1,862

   

1,574

   

288 

 

18.3% 

  Homeowners in Massachusetts

 

30,868

   

25,853

   

5,015 

 

19.4% 

  Homeowners in all other states

 

10,140

   

7,688

   

2,452 

 

31.9% 

  Other lines in Massachusetts

 

9,785

   

7,594

   

2,191 

 

28.9% 

  Other lines in all other states

 

259

   

210

   

49 

 

23.3% 




      Total Direct Premiums Written

$

422,814

 

$

356,483

 

$

66,331 

 

18.6% 




                     

Net Premiums Written:

                   

  Personal Automobile in Massachusetts

$

275,668

 

$

235,029

 

$

40,639 

 

17.3% 

  Personal Automobile in all other states

 

50,479

   

41,878

   

8,601 

 

20.5% 

  Commercial Automobile in Massachusetts

 

16,225

   

14,294

   

1,931 

 

13.5% 

  Commercial Automobile in all other states

 

1,766

   

1,522

   

244 

 

16.0% 

  Homeowners in Massachusetts

 

15,862

   

7,390

   

8,472 

 

114.6% 

  Homeowners in all other states

 

5,384

   

1,858

   

3,526 

 

189.8% 

  Other lines in Massachusetts

 

4,612

   

1,763

   

2,849 

 

161.6% 

  Other lines in all other states

 

148

   

64

   

84 

 

131.3% 

  Assumed premiums from CAR

 

30,771

   

19,984

   

10,787 

 

54.0% 

  Assumed premiums from other than CAR

 

100

   

411

   

(311)

 

(75.7%)




      Total Net Premiums Written

$

401,015

 

$

324,193

 

$

76,822 

 

23.7% 




                     

Earned Premiums:

                   

  Personal Automobile in Massachusetts

$

263,683

 

$

225,455

 

$

38,228 

 

17.0% 

  Personal Automobile in all other states

 

47,991

   

38,002

   

9,989 

 

26.3% 

  Commercial Automobile in Massachusetts

 

17,484

   

14,342

   

3,142 

 

21.9% 

  Commercial Automobile in all other states

 

1,759

   

906

   

853 

 

94.2% 

  Homeowners in Massachusetts

8,859

5,580

3,279 

58.8% 

  Homeowners in all other states

 

3,006

   

1,459

   

1,547 

 

106.0% 

  Other lines in Massachusetts

 

2,667

   

1,625

   

1,042 

 

64.1% 

  Other lines in all other states

 

96

   

55

   

41 

 

74.5% 

  Assumed premiums from CAR

 

27,076

   

21,218

   

5,858 

 

27.6% 

  Assumed premiums from other than CAR

 

89

   

443

   

(354)

 

(79.9%)




      Total Earned Premiums

$

372,710

 

$

309,085

 

$

63,625 

 

20.6% 




                     

  Earned Premiums in Massachusetts

$

292,693

 

$

247,002

 

$

45,691 

 

18.5% 

  Earned Premiums - assumed

 

27,165

   

21,661

   

5,504 

 

25.4% 

  Earned Premiums in all other states

 

52,852

   

40,422

   

12,430 

 

30.8% 




      Total Earned Premiums

$

372,710

 

$

309,085

 

$

63,625 

 

20.6% 




- 17 -

      The $45,086, or 17.7% increase, in Massachusetts personal automobile direct premiums written during the third quarter of 2003 resulted primarily from a 7.9% increase in average written premium per written exposure coupled with an 9.4% increase in the number of exposures written. We attribute the growth in exposures to increased penetration of our independent agents' books of business as the overall number of exposures in Massachusetts has had less than 1% growth during the period. The increase in other than Massachusetts personal automobile and homeowners was primarily due to additional rate per policy coupled with a 15% increase in business written, offset slightly by a decreased retention in personal automobile.

      Our increase in Massachusetts direct commercial automobile premium is directly related to our effort to increase writings in this line of business and from increases in the average rate per policy. Our increase in Massachusetts direct homeowner premium is primarily related to a 12.3% increase in average premium per policy, an increased number of agents, fewer carriers writing homeowner business, our pricing position in the marketplace and agents writing more homeowner business to achieve a homeowner discount for their customer when we also insure the customer's automobile.

      The increase in net premiums written for personal and commercial automobile are the result of the increase in direct premiums written, as mentioned previously. The increase in assumed premium from CAR is due to an increase in our estimate for our participation in CAR in the current year, as compared to a decrease in our estimate for our participation in CAR for the same period a year ago. The increase in homeowner net premium written is due primarily to the increase in direct homeowner premiums, as previously mentioned, coupled with our participation percentage for our quota share agreement decreasing to 65% for the new contract as compared to 75% for the expired contract. The new quota share agreement encompasses all other than automobile business, with the exception of Umbrella.

      The $63,625, or 20.6% increase, in total earned premiums during the third quarter of 2003 as compared to the third quarter of 2002 was primarily attributable to increases in personal automobile, homeowners and commercial automobile business.

Investment Income

      Net investment income is affected by the composition of our investment portfolio and yields on those investments. The following table summarizes the composition of our investment portfolio, at cost, at September 30, 2003 and 2002:

 

September 30,

 


     

% of

     

% of

 

2003

 

Invest.

 

2002

 

Invest.

 


 


 


 


Fixed maturities (GNMA & FNMA mortgage-

                 

 backed bonds, corporate bonds, U.S.

                 

 Treasury bonds and notes and tax-exempt

                 

 state and municipal bonds)

$

1,100,842

 

62.6%

 

$

716,076

 

46.1%

Preferred stocks

 

288,586

 

16.4 

   

305,468

 

19.7 

Common stocks

 

90,902

 

5.2 

   

85,701

 

5.5 

Preferred stock mutual funds

 

123,154

 

7.0 

   

294,079

 

19.0 

Mortgages and collateral funds

 

17,660

 

1.0 

   

32,218

 

2.1 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

96,783

 

5.5 

   

80,829

 

5.2 

Other investments

40,086

2.3 

37,399

2.4 

 


 


 


 


      Total investments

$

1,758,013

100.0%

$

1,551,770

100.0%

 


 


 


 


      Our investment objective continues to focus primarily on maximizing after-tax investment income through investing primarily in high quality securities coupled with acquiring equity investments, which may forgo current investment yield in favor of potential higher yielding capital appreciation in the future. During the second quarter we shortened the overall duration of our investment portfolio by reducing our holdings in certain long term fixed income instruments, equities and closed end mutual funds. This change in strategy resulted in

- 18 -

the realization of significant investment gains with a minimal adverse impact on future investment income. During the third quarter we became more comfortable with the interest rate environment and have begun to invest in longer term securities.

      As depicted in the following table, third quarter 2003 net investment income decreased $575 or 2.4%, compared to the same period in 2002, principally as a result of a decrease in average yields offset by an increase in average invested assets at cost. The decrease in yield is primarily due to lower short-term yields coupled with an environment of lower average long-term yields and higher yielding investment securities being called. Net investment income as an annualized percentage of total average investments was 5.4% in the third quarter of 2003 compared to 6.0% for the same period in 2002. After tax net investment income as an annualized percentage of total average investments was 4.2% and 4.9% in the third quarter of 2003 and 2002, respectively.

Investment Return

Quarter Ended September 30,


2003

2002



(Restated)

Average month-end investments (at cost)

$

1,737,793 

$

1,579,774 

  Net investment income

23,318 

23,893 

  Net investment income after-tax

18,226 

19,323 

  Annualized net investment income as a percent-

   age of average net investments (at cost)

5.4%

6.0%

  Annualized net investment income after-tax as

   a percentage of average net investments (at cost)

4.2%

4.9%

Premium Finance and Service Fees

      Premium finance and service fees increased $1,240, or 21.7%, during the three months ended September 30, 2003, as a result of increased business and a service fee increase on Massachusetts new and renewal business from $3.00 to $4.00 per installment payment, for policies with effective dates on or after July 1, 2002.

Investment Gains and Losses

      Net realized investment gains totaled $ 2,630 or $0.05 per diluted share, during the third quarter of 2003 as compared to net realized investment losses of $13,430, or $0.52 per diluted share, during the same period in 2002 as detailed below. The 2002 per diluted share amount was impacted negatively by an increase in our tax valuation allowance related to a deferred tax asset previously established for realized investment losses.

- 19 -

      Net realized gains (losses) by category for the quarter ended September 30, are as follows:

 

2003

 

2002

 


 


Fixed maturities

$

2,044 

 

$

(405)

Preferred stocks

 

2,720 

   

(6)

Common stocks

 

2,269 

   

(139)

Preferred stock mutual funds:

         

  Due to change in equity value

 

(6,596)

   

(13,996)

  Due to sales

 

3,469 

   

483 

Venture capital fund investments

 

541 

   

807 

Other

 

(150)

   

(174)

Write-downs of investments for other-than-

         

 temporary impairment of value

 

(1,667)

   

 


 


Net realized investment gains (losses)

         

 before tax

 

2,630 

   

(13,430)

Income (tax) benefit:

         

  At 35%

 

(920)

   

4,700 

  Impact of valuation allowance on deferred taxes

 

   

(8,372)

 


 


Net realized investment gains (losses)

         

 after taxes

$

1,710 

 

$

(17,102)

 


 


Per diluted share net realized investment

         

 gains (losses) after-tax (benefit)

$

0.05 

 

$

(0.52)

 


 


      The 2003 realized gains were primarily impacted by sales of securities, offset by a decline in the market values of underlying securities held by preferred stock mutual funds, which resulted in a decrease in equity of $4,287 after tax, coupled with write-downs for investments with other-than-temporary impairment of $1,084 after tax. This compared to a decrease in equity for preferred stock mutual funds of $9,097 after taxes and no write-downs for the same period a year ago. We reflect the increases and decreases in equity value through realized gains and losses because our significant level of ownership in the funds requires the use of the equity method of accounting for these funds.

      Whenever we own 20% or more of a closed-end fund, we must account for our investment in that fund using the equity method of accounting, which requires us to recognize as a realized investment gain (loss) the change in the net asset value of that fund as compared to the end of our immediately preceding fiscal quarter. For the quarter ended September 30, 2003, the net realized investment losses attributable to the fund investments that we must account for using the equity method were $6,596 or $4,287 after taxes, as compared to net realized investment losses of $13,996 or $9,097 after taxes for that category of investments for the comparable period of 2002. The closed-end preferred stock mutual funds that we accounted for using the equity method primarily invest in preferred stock, and therefore the increase in interest rates during the third quarter of 2003 caused a decrease in the net asset value of those funds and, as a direct consequence, a decrease in the net real ized investment losses that we recognized for those investments for the quarter ended September 30, 2003.

      As of September 30, 2003, we own four fund investments that we account for using the equity method. As of the date of the filing of this Form 10-Q, we have only one investment in a fund in which we own more than 20% of the outstanding shares of the fund and therefore account for using the equity method of accounting. If interest rates are higher at December 31, 2003 than they were at September 30, 2003, the net asset value of this fund would likely be less than it was as of September 30, 2003, and we would recognize a net realized investment loss for the three months ended December 31, 2003 for that fund. We do not expect that the impact of any change in the net asset value of that fund during the fourth quarter of 2003 will be material to our results of operations, however.

- 20 -

Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

      Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred (on a statutory basis) as a percentage of insurance premiums earned ("loss ratio") decreased to 74.9% for the third quarter of 2003 compared to 76.0% for the third quarter of 2002. We utilize the statutory loss ratio which is essentially the same as if it were calculated on a GAAP basis. The decrease was primarily the result of more favorable experience in the current year personal automobile line of business offset by slightly less favorable loss reserve development compared to the third quarter of last year. Our losses were minimally impacted by Hurricane Isabel.

Policy Acquisition Costs

      As a percentage of net premiums written, underwriting expenses for the insurance companies (on a statutory basis) increased to 24.0% for the third quarter of 2003 as compared to 23.4% for the same period a year ago. We utilize the statutory underwriting ratio which is essentially the same as if it were calculated on a GAAP basis. The increase was primarily a result of a charge for an expected assessment from the Massachusetts Insurers Insolvency Fund ("MIIF") offset by lower 2003 policy year mandated Massachusetts personal automobile commission rates. Although, the Company has not received an assessment for 2003, which, if an assessment is to be made, is usually sent out by MIIF in November, we are aware that an assessment is being contemplated by MIIF and its Board of Governors. Accordingly, we have accrued for a $6,000 assessment, which represents the Company's best estimate of the expected assessment at this point in time. This accrual negatively impacted th e underwriting ratio by approximately 1.5 percentage points.

Combined Ratios

      The combined ratio of losses and expenses (on a statutory basis) was 98.9% in the third quarter of 2003 compared with 99.4% for the same period a year ago. We utilize the statutory combined ratio which is essentially the same as if it were calculated on a GAAP basis. The slight decrease in the combined ratio was primarily the result of a decrease in the loss ratio offset by an increase in the underwriting ratio.

Income Taxes

      The overall effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2003 was 28.5% as compared to 50.0% for the same period a year ago. The income tax for the three months ended September 30, 2002 was negatively impacted by an increase in our tax valuation allowance of $8.4 million, related to a deferred tax asset previously established for realized investment losses.

Net Earnings

      Our net earnings for the quarter ended September 30, 2003 were $22,864 compared to $12,628 for the quarter ended September 30, 2002. The increase primarily resulted from a $16,060 increase in our realized investment gains to $2,630 for the quarter ended September 30, 2003 compared to a realized investment loss of $13,430 for the comparable period of 2002 as previously discussed. The after-tax realized gains for the quarter ended September 30, 2003 amounted to $1,710 compared to an after-tax realized loss of $17,102 for 2002.

- 21 -

Nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to
nine months ended September 30, 2002 (restated)

Overview

      Our net earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 as compared to the same period a year ago, were favorably affected primarily by significant increases in our realized investment gains.

      Our after-tax net realized investment gains for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 increased by $87.0 million compared to the same period of 2002. The increase was due to after-tax net investment gains for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 of $44,659 compared to after-tax net investment losses of $42,350 for the comparable 2002 period. The 2003 after-tax net investment gains resulted primarily from:

*

 

our decision to sell, primarily during the first half of 2003, a significant portion of our securities with unrealized gains in order to implement a change in our investment strategy to shorten the overall duration of our investment portfolio; and

     

*

 

the favorable impact of the decline in interest rates during much of 2003 on the net asset value of closed-end preferred stock mutual funds that we had to categorize as realized investment gains using the equity method of accounting.

      The 2002 after-tax net investment losses were primarily caused by the decrease of our equity investment in preferred stock mutual funds recorded using the equity method of accounting, the write-down of securities for other-than-temporary impairment of value, and the impact of the valuation allowance on deferred taxes.

See "-Investment Gains and Losses."

      Partially offsetting the change in after-tax net investment gains (losses) was the decrease to zero in 2003 of two items which increased the nine months ended September 30, 2002 income, $9,500 of other income and $11,237 for the after-tax cumulative effect of a change in accounting for negative goodwill. The $9,500 of prior year other income was related to payments received from other insurance carriers under agreements to assume their Massachusetts personal automobile insurance business written in Massachusetts.

      Our earned premiums increased by $174.7 million, or 19.7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to same period of 2002. The increase resulted primarily from an increase of $113.2 million, or 17.6%, in earned premiums for personal automobile coverage in Massachusetts and an increase of $30.8 million, or 29.1%, in earned premiums for personal automobile coverage outside of Massachusetts. See "-Premiums."

      Our losses and loss adjustment expenses increased by $152.5 million, or 22.7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to the same period of 2002. The increase resulted primarily from our premium growth and an increase in our loss ratio (on a statutory basis) to 77.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to 75.8% for the same period of 2002. The increase in our loss ratio resulted primarily from severe winter weather during the first quarter of 2003 in our Massachusetts market. See "-Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses."

      Our policy acquisition costs increased by $36.3 million, or 17.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to the same period of 2002. The increase resulted primarily from our premium growth, offset by a decrease in our underwriting ratio (on a statutory basis) to 22.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to 22.9% for the same period of 2002. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in accrued contingent commissions, coupled with lower 2003 policy year mandated Massachusetts personal automobile commission rates offset by a charge for an anticipated assessment from the MIIF. See "-Policy Acquisition Costs."

- 22 -

Premiums

      The following table compares direct premiums written, net premiums written and earned premiums for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002:

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 


 

2003

 

2002

 

$ Change

 

% Change

 


 


 


 


Direct Premiums Written:

                   

  Personal Automobile in Massachusetts

$

939,232

 

$

812,637

 

$

126,595

 

15.6%

  Personal Automobile in all other states

 

144,903

   

113,245

   

31,658

 

28.0%

  Commercial Automobile in Massachusetts

 

66,940

   

56,139

   

10,801

 

19.2%

  Commercial Automobile in all other states

 

6,011

   

3,566

   

2,445

 

68.6%

  Homeowners in Massachusetts

 

75,655

   

61,721

   

13,934

 

22.6%

  Homeowners in all other states

 

27,016

   

20,228

   

6,788

 

33.6%

  Other lines in Massachusetts

 

26,924

   

20,318

   

6,606

 

32.5%

  Other lines in all other states

 

714

   

558

   

156

 

28.0%

 


 


 


   

      Total Direct Premiums Written

$

1,287,395

 

$

1,088,412

 

$

198,983

 

18.3%

 


 


 


   
                     

Net Premiums Written:

                   

  Personal Automobile in Massachusetts

$

870,742

 

$

755,784

 

$

114,958

 

15.2%

  Personal Automobile in all other states

 

144,861

   

113,192

   

31,669

 

28.0%

  Commercial Automobile in Massachusetts

 

55,437

   

46,330

   

9,107

 

19.7%

  Commercial Automobile in all other states

 

5,748

   

3,452

   

2,296

 

66.5%

  Homeowners in Massachusetts

 

28,338

   

17,720

   

10,618

 

59.9%

  Homeowners in all other states

 

9,741

   

4,878

   

4,863

 

99.7%

  Other lines in Massachusetts

 

8,561

   

5,046

   

3,515

 

69.7%

  Other lines in all other states

 

290

   

171

   

119

 

69.6%

  Assumed premiums from CAR

 

88,523

   

79,038

   

9,485

 

12.0%

  Assumed premiums from other than CAR

 

1,284

   

619

   

665

 

107.4%

 


 


 


   

      Total Net Premiums Written

$

1,213,525

 

$

1,026,230

 

$

187,295

 

18.3%

 


 


 


   
                     

Earned Premiums:

                   

  Personal Automobile in Massachusetts

$

755,843

 

$

642,640

 

$

113,203

 

17.6%

  Personal Automobile in all other states

 

136,578

   

105,817

   

30,761

 

29.1%

  Commercial Automobile in Massachusetts

 

50,239

   

40,579

   

9,660

 

23.8%

  Commercial Automobile in all other states

 

4,777

   

1,987

   

2,790

 

140.4%

  Homeowners in Massachusetts

 

20,999

   

15,824

   

5,175

 

32.7%

  Homeowners in all other states

 

6,881

   

3,882

   

2,999

 

77.3%

  Other lines in Massachusetts

 

6,103

   

5,482

   

  621

 

11.3%

  Other lines in all other states

 

231

   

148

   

83

 

56.1%

  Assumed premiums from CAR

 

78,085

   

69,264

   

8,821

 

12.7%

  Assumed premiums from other than CAR

 

1,230

   

636

   

594

 

93.4%

 


 


 


   

      Total Earned Premiums

$

1,060,966

 

$

886,259

 

$

174,707

 

19.7%

 


 


 


   
                     

  Earned Premiums in Massachusetts

$

833,184

 

$

704,525

 

$

128,659

 

18.3%

  Earned Premiums - assumed

 

79,315

   

69,900

   

9,415

 

13.5%

  Earned Premiums in all other states

 

148,467

   

111,834

   

  36,633

 

32.8%

 


 


 


   

      Total Earned Premiums

$

1,060,966

 

$

886,259

 

$

174,707

 

19.7%

 


 


 


   

- 23 -

      The $126,595, or 15.6% increase, in Massachusetts personal automobile direct premiums written during the first nine months of 2003 resulted primarily from an 8.0% increase in average written premium per written exposure coupled with a 7.1% increase in the number of exposures written. We attribute the growth in exposures to increased penetration of our independent agents' books of business as the overall number of exposures in Massachusetts has had less than 1% growth during this period. The increase in other than Massachusetts personal automobile and homeowners business was primarily due to additional rate per policy coupled with a 15% increase in business written, offset slightly by a decreased retention in personal automobile in-force policies.

      Our increase in Massachusetts commercial automobile premiums is directly related to our effort to increase writings in this line of business and from increases in the average rate per policy. Our increase in Massachusetts homeowner premiums is primarily related to an 11.2% increase in average premium per policy, an increased number of agents, fewer carriers writing homeowner business, our pricing position in the marketplace and agents writing more homeowner business to achieve a homeowner discount for their customer when we also insure the customer's automobile.

      The $174,707, or 19.7% increase, in total earned premiums for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 as compared to the same period of 2002 was primarily attributable to increases in personal and commercial automobile business.

Net Investment Income

      Net investment income is affected by the composition of our investment portfolio and yields on those investments. The following table summarizes the composition of our investment portfolio, at cost, at September 30, 2003 and 2002:

 

September 30,

 


     

% of

     

% of

 

2003

 

Invest.

 

2002

 

Invest.

 


 


 


 


Fixed maturities (GNMA & FNMA mortgage-

                 

 backed bonds, corporate bonds, U.S.

                 

 Treasury bonds and notes and tax-exempt

                 

 state and municipal bonds)

$

1,100,842

 

62.6%

 

$

716,076

 

46.1%

Preferred stocks

 

288,586

 

16.4 

   

305,468

 

19.7 

Common stocks

 

90,902

 

5.2 

   

85,701

 

5.5 

Preferred stock mutual funds

 

123,154

 

7.0 

   

294,079

 

19.0 

Mortgages and collateral loans

 

17,660

 

1.0 

   

32,218

 

2.1 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

96,783

 

5.5 

   

80,829

 

5.2 

Other investments

 

40,086

 

2.3 

   

37,399

 

2.4 

 


 


 


 


      Total investments

$

1,758,013

 

100.0%

 

$

1,551,770

 

100.0%

 


 


 


 


      Our investment objective continues to focus primarily on maximizing after-tax investment income through investing primarily in high quality securities coupled with acquiring equity investments, which may forgo current investment yield in favor of potential higher yielding capital appreciation in the future. During the first half of 2003, we shortened the overall duration of our investment portfolio by reducing our holdings in certain long term fixed income instruments, equities and closed-end preferred stock mutual funds. This change in strategy resulted in the realization of investment gains, primarily in the second quarter, with a minimal adverse impact on future investment income. During the third quarter we became more comfortable with the interest rate environment and have begun to invest in longer term securities, resulting in a slightly higher duration as compared to year end.

      As depicted in the following table, net investment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 decreased $2,525, or 3.5%, compared to the same period in 2002, principally as a result of a decrease in average yields offset by an increase in average invested assets at cost. The decrease in yield is primarily due to lower short-term yields coupled with an environment of lower average long-term yields and higher yielding investment securities being called.

- 24 -

      Net investment income as an annualized percentage of total average investments was 5.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to 6.1% for the same period in 2002. After tax net investment income as an annualized percentage of total average investments was 4.4% and 4.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

Investment Return

Nine Months Ended

September 30,


2003

2002



(Restated)

Average month-end investments (at cost)

$

1,683,039 

$

1,566,003 

  Net investment income

69,130 

71,655 

  Net investment income after-tax

54,932 

56,934 

  Annualized net investment income as a percent-

   age of average net investments (at cost)

5.5%

6.1%

  Annualized net investment income after-tax as

   a percentage of average net investments (at cost)

4.4%

4.9%

Premium Finance and Service Fees

      Premium finance and service fees increased $4,488, or 28.6%, during the nine months ended September 30, 2003, as a result of increased business and a service fee increase on Massachusetts new and renewal business from $3.00 to $4.00 per installment payment, for policies with effective dates on or after July 1, 2002.

Investment Gains and Losses

      Net realized investment gains totaled $62,650 or $1.39 per diluted share, for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 as compared to net realized investment losses of $48,422, or $1.28 per diluted share, during the same period in 2002 as detailed below.

      Net realized gains (losses) by category for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 are as follows:

2003

2002



Fixed maturities

$

18,069 

$

(1,360)

Preferred stocks

11,832 

(57)

Common stocks

16,021 

(306)

Preferred stock mutual funds:

  Due to change in equity value

33,151 

(33,357)

  Due to sales

1,903 

819 

Venture capital fund investments

(510)

(2,167)

Other

(200)

(260)

Writedowns of investments for other-than-

 temporary impairment of value

(17,616)

(11,734)



Net realized investment gains (losses)

 before tax

62,650 

(48,422)

Income (tax) benefit:

  At 35%

(21,927)

16,947 

  Impact of valuation allowance on deferred taxes

3,936 

(10,875)



Net realized investment gains (losses)

 after taxes

$

44,659 

$

(42,350)



Per diluted share net realized investment

 gains (losses) after-tax (benefit)

$

1.39 

$

(1.28)



- 25 -

      Primarily during the second quarter of 2003, we decided to shorten the overall duration of our investment portfolio by reducing our holdings of long-term fixed investments, equities and closed-end preferred stock mutual funds. Primarily as a result of these sales, we realized net investment gains of $47,825, or $31,086 after taxes, in those categories for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to a net realized investment loss of $904, or $588 after-taxes, on sales of securities in those categories during the same period of 2002.

      Of the $62,650 total, we recognized net realized investment gains of $33,151, or $21,548 million, after-taxes, for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 attributable to the change in the net asset value of seven closed-end preferred stock mutual funds in which we owned 20% or more as of June 30, 2003 and therefore were required to account for using the equity method of accounting. During the third quarter of 2003 we dropped below the 20% ownership level and did not have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies for three funds. Therefore, as of September 30, 2003 the investments were reported at fair market value and the unrealized gains or losses were reported as comprehensive income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, the net realized investment gains attributable to the fund investments that we must account for using the equity method was $33,151 as compared to a net realized investment loss of $33,357 for th at category of investments for the same period of 2002. The decline in interest rates during much of 2003 caused a significant increase in the net asset value of those funds and, as a direct consequence, an increase in the net realized investment gains that we recognized for those investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2003.

      Our gains on investment securities were partially offset by write-downs for other-than-temporary declines in the market value of certain fixed maturities, preferred stocks and common stocks totaling $17.6 million and $11.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The other-than-temporary write-downs for the 2003 period consisted of $2.4 million for one municipal bond, $7.1 million for three corporate bonds, $7.3 million for three preferred stocks and $0.8 million for five common stocks. The other-than-temporary write-downs for the 2002 period consisted of $0.8 million for one municipal bond, $1.8 million for one corporate bond, $7.1 million for six preferred stocks and $2.0 million for one common stock.

Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

      Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred (on a statutory basis) as a percentage of insurance premiums earned ("loss ratio") increased to 77.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to 75.8% for the same period of 2002. We utilize the statutory loss ratio which is essentially the same as if it were calculated on a GAAP basis. The increase was primarily driven by increased claim frequency in the first quarter of this year as a result of the severe winter.

Policy Acquisition Costs

      As a percentage of net premiums written, underwriting expenses for the insurance companies (on a statutory basis) improved to 22.2% for the first nine months of 2003 as compared to 22.9% for the same period a year ago. We utilize the statutory underwriting ratio which is essentially the same as if it were calculated on a GAAP basis. The improvement was primarily due to a reduction in accrued contingent commissions as a result of the higher loss ratio mentioned previously, and lower 2003 policy year mandated Massachusetts personal automobile commission rates offset by a charge for an anticipated assessment from the MIIF. Although we have not received an assessment for 2003, which if an assessment is to be made, is usually communicated by MIIF in November, we are aware that an assessment is being contemplated by MIIF and its Board of Governors. Accordingly, we have accrued for a $6,000 assessment, which represents our best estimate of the potential assessment at t his point in time.

- 26 -

Combined Ratio

      The combined ratio of losses and expenses (on a statutory basis) was 99.6% for the first nine months of 2003 compared with 98.7% for the same period a year ago. We utilize the statutory combined ratio which is essentially the same as if it were calculated on a GAAP basis. The increase in the combined ratio was primarily the result of an increase in the loss ratio, offset by a decrease in the underwriting ratio.

Income Taxes

      Our overall effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 was 23.3% as compared to 33.0% for the same period of 2002. In both years, our effective rate was lower than the statutory rate of 35.0% primarily due to tax-exempt interest and the corporate dividends received deduction. Our 2003 effective rate was also favorably impacted by our ability to utilize $3.9 million of previously unrecognized tax benefits associated with capital loss carry forwards. Our income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2002 was impacted an increase in our tax valuation allowance of $10.9 million related to a deferred tax asset previously established for realized investment losses.

Change in Accounting Principle

      Due to the effect of the change in accounting principle related to SFAS No. 142 discussed earlier, we recorded income in the first quarter of 2002, net of taxes, of $11.2 million, or $0.34 per share (diluted). This amount represented the remaining unamortized negative goodwill related to closed-end preferred stock mutual funds and the remaining excess of book value of subsidiary interest over cost relating to the 1999 acquisition of American Commerce. Negative goodwill and the excess of book value of subsidiary interest over cost were created in these acquisitions because the underlying value of the assets purchased exceeded the purchase price. The subsequent recognition of income that occurred as these items were eliminated was not a taxable event but instead became part of the basis of the acquired asset.

Minority Interest in Net Loss of Subsidiary

      Effective January 1, 2002, the ownership interests in ACIC Holding Co., Inc. were recapitalized. Prior to the recapitalization at December 31, 2001, we maintained an 80% common stock interest and AAA Southern New England maintained a 20% common stock interest in ACIC Holding. Additionally, all ACIC Holding preferred stock was owned by us. The recapitalization resulted in the redemption of our ACIC Holding preferred stock in exchange for 3,000 additional shares of ACIC Holding common stock. This resulted in an increase in our ACIC Holding common stock interest to 95% with AAA SNE maintaining a 5% ACIC Holding common stock interest, with no preferred stock outstanding.

Net Earnings

      Our net earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 were $107,257 compared to net earnings of $45,298 for the nine months ended September 30, 2002. The increase primarily resulted from a $87,009 increase in our net realized investment gains after taxes, and a $174,707 increase in our earned premiums, which together more than offset an increase of $152,540 in losses and loss adjustment expenses, all as described elsewhere in this section.

      As discussed above under "-Investment Gains and Losses", 48.3% of our net realized investment gains, after-taxes, for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 were attributable to the change in the net asset value of the closed-end preferred stock mutual funds that we accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

- 27 -

Liquidity and Capital Resources

      The primary sources of our liquidity are funds generated from insurance premiums, net investment income, premium finance and service fees and the maturing and sale of investments. The focus of the discussion of liquidity and capital resources is on the consolidated Balance Sheets on page 3 and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows on pages 5 and 6.

      Our operating activities provided cash of $178,236 in the nine months ended September 30, 2003 as compared to $157,383 during the same period of 2002, representing an increase of $20,853 million, or 13.2%. Premiums collected less loss and policy acquisition cost payments were $29,920 higher for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to the same period of 2002. The primary reason for this increase is that the increase in premiums collected outpaced the increase in losses and LAE paid and the policy acquisition costs paid. This occurs when we have significant increases in business as claims paid tend to lag behind premiums collected. Loss payments may increase at a faster pace in the fourth quarter of 2003 and subsequent periods than premiums collected as a result of the "lag" catching up. Additionally, premium finance and service fees collected increased $4,488, or 28.6%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2003 primarily as the result of increased bu siness and a service fee increase on Massachusetts new and renewal business from $3.00 to $4.00 per installment payment, for policies with effective dates of July 1, 2002 and forward. These increases were partially offset by a $9,500 reduction in other income in 2003 as compared to 2002. In the first quarter of 2002, we received a $7,000 payment from an agreement to assume Massachusetts personal automobile insurance written by Berkshire Mutual Insurance Company, and in the third quarter of 2002, we received a $2,500 payment from an agreement to assume the Massachusetts personal automobile insurance written by MassWest.

      For the nine months ended September 30, 2003 and 2002 net cash flows from investing activities used cash of $215,847 and $168,842, respectively. The majority of the $47,005 difference was a $869,706 increase in the purchases of fixed securities, equity securities and preferred stock mutual funds partially offset by an increase in the proceeds from the sales and maturities of fixed maturities, equities and closed-end preferred stock mutual funds totaling $804,734. During the first six months of 2003 we shortened the overall duration of our investment portfolio by reducing our holdings in certain long-term fixed income instruments, equities and closed-end preferred stock mutual funds. This change in strategy resulted in the realization of investment gains, primarily in the second quarter, with a minimal adverse impact on future investment income. Investing activities were funded by the accumulation of cash and cash provided by operating activities.

      Cash flows used in financing activities totaled $35,552 during the nine months ended September 30, 2003 compared to $56,342 during the same period of 2002. For the nine months ended September 30, 2003, cash flows used in financing activities consisted of dividends paid to stockholders of $30,385, coupled with $8,058 used to purchase 236,400 shares of treasury stock under our stock buyback program, partially offset by $2,891 from the issuance of capital stock. For the nine months ended September 30, 2002, cash flows used in financing activities consisted of dividends paid to stockholders of $30,273 and $35,279 used to purchase 915,444 shares of treasury stock under our stock buyback program, partially offset by $9,210 from the issuance of common stock pursuant to our stock option plan.

      We rely upon dividends from our subsidiaries for our cash requirements, including payment of interest and principal on the notes. Under Massachusetts law, if our subsidiaries wish to make any dividend or other distribution to us, they may, within certain limitations, pay such dividends and then file a report with the Commissioner. Dividends in excess of these limitations are called extraordinary dividends. An extraordinary dividend is any dividend or other property, whose fair value, together with other dividends or distributions made within the preceding twelve months, exceeds the greater of ten percent of the insurer's surplus as of the end of the preceding year, or its net income for the preceding year. No pro-rata distribution of any class of the insurer's own securities may be included in this calculation, and it may not pay an extraordinary dividend or other extraordinary distribution until thirty days after the Commissioner has received notice of the intended distribution and has not objected. No extraordinary dividends were paid in 2003, 2002 or 2001 by any of our subsidiaries. The aggregate amount of dividends calculated in accordance with regulations of Massachusetts, California and Ohio that may be paid in 2003 from all of our insurance subsidiaries without prior regulatory approval is approximately $75,980, of which $66,152 has been declared and paid as of September 30, 2003.

- 28 -

      Our funds are generally invested in securities with maturities intended to provide adequate funds to pay claims without the forced sale of investments. The carrying value (at market and equity) of total investments at September 30, 2003, including cash, was $1,779,470. At September 30, 2003, we held cash and cash equivalents of $96,783. These funds provide sufficient liquidity for the payment of claims and other short-term cash needs.

      Our fixed income portfolio's weighted average duration (which includes all fixed maturities and preferred stocks) as of September 30, 2003, was 5.2 years. At December 31, 2002 our fixed income portfolio had a weighted average duration of 4.5 years versus 5.7 years at December 31, 2001. The "duration" of a security is the time-weighted present value of the security's expected cash flows and is used to measure a security's price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. The weighted average duration is short compared to the average stated maturity because of the relatively large percentage of GNMA, FNMA and municipal housing bonds in the fixed maturity portfolio. The duration reflects industry prepayment assumptions. The municipal housing bonds are similar in nature to GNMAs in that they pay down principal during the life of the bond. For these types of bonds, investors are compensated primarily for reinvestment risk rather than credit quality risk. During periods of significant interest rate volatility, the underlying mortgages may prepay more quickly or more slowly than anticipated. If the repayment of principal occurs earlier than anticipated during periods of declining interest rates, investment income may decline due to the reinvestment of these funds at the lower current market rates. The Bloomberg Financial System, which was used to calculate the above duration data, utilizes optional call dates, sinking fund requirements and assumes a non-static prepayment pattern in deriving these averages.

      The decrease in the carrying value of the closed-end preferred stock mutual funds to $129,666 at September 30, 2003 from $270,616 at December 31, 2002 was primarily the result of sales and the reclassification of three preferred stock mutual funds that we no longer have a greater than 20% ownership position, which accounted for the decrease in cost of closed-end preferred stock mutual funds from $294,192 at December 31, 2002 to $123,154 at September 30, 2003. During the third quarter of 2003, our ownership percentage of three closed-end preferred stock mutual funds dropped below 20% such that we no longer utilize the equity method of accounting for these three funds, but instead mark them to market. The carrying value reclassified from closed-end preferred stock mutual funds to common stocks amounted to $62,186 million. These sales and reclassifications were partially offset by increases in the net asset value of the preferred stock mutual funds which we held.

      Our liabilities totaled $1,915,955 at September 30, 2003 as compared to $1,588,530 at December 31, 2002. The $327,425, or 20.6%, increase was primarily comprised of increases in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, unearned premiums and a payable for securities purchased. The liability for losses and loss adjustment expense reserves increased $137,745, or 16.9%, primarily as a result of increased business. Unearned premiums increased $165,592, or 24.1%, due primarily to increases in our business, coupled with the seasonality of the policy effective dates of our business. Payable for securities purchased totaled $7,982 at September 30, 2003 as compared to zero at December 31, 2002. This was the result of securities purchased with trade dates in September 2003 that were not settled until October 2003.

      We have negotiated a 65% quota-share agreement for one year with modified terms. The new program became effective July 1, 2003. In the event of a catastrophe, recovery is limited to 65% of the loss with a maximum recovery estimated at $225 million, equating to a total loss to us of $347 million. Several limitations were added to the new contract regarding losses related to nuclear, chemical, and biological terrorist events. Our maximum loss recovery in case of these types of events is estimated at $26 million. Our 100 and 250 year probable maximum loss events have been estimated at approximately $180 million and $290 million, respectively, based on policies in force at December 31, 2002.

      Industry and regulatory guidelines suggest that the ratio of a property and casualty insurer's annual net premiums written to statutory policyholders' surplus should not exceed 3.00 to 1.00. Our twelve month rolling statutory premiums to surplus ratio was 2.16 to 1.00 and 1.91 to 1.00 for the period ended September 30, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

- 29 -

New Relevant Accounting Developments

      FIN. 46 - Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities - An Interpretation of
      ARB No. 51.

      In January 2003, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities" ("FIN 46"), which addresses consolidation issues surrounding special purpose entities, often termed variable interest entities ("VIE"), to which the usual condition for consolidation does not apply because the VIE either has no voting interests or otherwise is not subject to financial control through ownership of voting interest. Under FIN 46, the primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. FIN 46 is required to be adopted by the end of fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2003, with the exception of non registered investment companies that meet a certain criteria, for whom FIN 46 has been deferred for an indefinite period. At September 30, 2003, we did not hold any securities that met the provisions of consolidation under FIN 46; therefore, FIN 46 would have no current effect on our financial statements.

      FAS. 150 - Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with characteristics
      of both liabilities and equity.

      In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, "Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity" ("SFAS No. 150"), which requires an issuer of certain classes of freestanding financial instruments, as set out in the statement, to classify such instruments as a liability and, in most instances, measure the instruments at fair value. SFAS No. 150 is effective for all financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and otherwise shall be effective at the beginning of the first interim period after June 15, 2003 for financial instruments that were in existence prior to May 31, 2003. For financial instruments created before the issuance date of SFAS No. 150 and still existing at the beginning of the interim period of adoption, transition shall be achieved by initially measuring the financial instruments at fair value and reporting the difference between the fair value and the previous carrying value as the cum ulative effect of a change in accounting principle. As of September 30, 2003, we did not issue any financial instruments that met the provisions of SFAS No. 150; therefore, SFAS No. 150 nor the deferral of the effective dates of certain provisions have not affected our financial statements.

Stock Buyback and Dividends

      We purchased 236,400 shares of Treasury stock under the buyback program through September 30, 2003 at an average cost of $34.09. At September 30, 2003, we had the authority to purchase 741,456 additional shares of common stock under the current Board of Directors' stock re-purchase authorization. Our last purchase of Treasury Stock occurred during March 2003.

      On September 12, 2003, we paid a quarterly dividend of $0.32 to stockholders of record as of August 29, 2003. We increased our quarterly dividend to stockholders from $0.31 to $0.32 during the second quarter.

Effects of Inflation and Recession

      We generally are unable to recover the costs of inflation in our personal automobile insurance line since the premiums it charges are subject to state regulation. Additionally, the premium rates charged by us for personal automobile insurance are adjusted by the Commissioner only at annual intervals. Such annual adjustments in premium rates may lag behind related cost increases. Economic recessions may also have an impact upon us, primarily through the policyholder's election to decrease non-compulsory coverages afforded by the policy and decreased driving, each of which tends to decrease claims.

      To the extent inflation and economic recession influence yields on investments, we are also affected. As each of these environments affect current market rates of return, previously committed investments may rise or decline in value depending on the type and maturity of investment.

      Inflation and recession must also be considered by us in the creation and review of loss and LAE reserves since portions of these reserves are expected to be paid over extended periods of time. The anticipated effect of economic conditions is implicitly considered when estimating liabilities for losses and LAE. The importance of continually adjusting reserves is even more pronounced in periods of changing economic circumstances.

- 30 -

Forward-Looking Statements

      This Form 10-Q contains some statements that are not historical facts and are considered "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve opinions, assumptions and predictions, and no assurance can be given that the future results will be achieved since events or results may differ materially as a result of risks that we face. These include, but are not limited to, those risks and uncertainties in our business, some of which are beyond our control, that are described in our recently filed registration statement on Form S-3, as amended, our Forms 10-K and 10-Q, and other documents filed with the SEC, including the possibility of adverse catastrophe experience and severe weather, adverse trends in claim severity or frequency, adverse state and federal regulation and legislation, adverse judicial decisions, litigation risks, interest rate risk, ra te making decisions for private passenger automobile policies in Massachusetts, potential rate filings outside of Massachusetts, heightened competition, concentration of business within Massachusetts, dependence on certain principal employees, as well as the economic, market or regulatory conditions and risks associated with entry into new markets and diversification. The Commerce Group, Inc. is not under any obligation to (and expressly disclaims any such obligations to) update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Additional Financial Information Available on Company Website

      Additional supplemental financial information is available on our website at http://www.commerceinsurance.com, under the "Links" section of the "News & Investors" tab.

 

- 31 -

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market Risk: Interest Rate Sensitivity and Equity Price Risk

      Our investment strategy emphasizes investment yield while maintaining investment quality. The focus of our investment objectives continues to be maximizing after-tax investment income through investing in high quality diversified investments structured to maximize after-tax investment income while minimizing risk. Our funds are generally invested in securities with maturities intended to provide adequate funds to pay claims and meet other operating needs without the forced sale of investments. During the first half of 2003 we shortened the overall duration of our investment portfolio by reducing our holdings in certain long-term fixed income instruments, equities and closed-end preferred stock mutual funds. During the third quarter we became more comfortable with the interest rate environment and have begun to invest in longer term securities, resulting in slightly higher duration as compared to year end. Unrealized investment gains and losses on our investments, t o the extent that there is no other-than-temporary impairment of value, are credited or charged to a separate component of stockholders' equity, known as "net accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)," net of tax, until realized.

      In conducting investing activities, we are subject to, and assume, market risk. Market risk is the risk of an adverse financial impact from changes in interest rates and market prices. The level of risk assumed by us is a function of our overall objectives, liquidity needs and market volatility.

      We manage our market risk by focusing on higher quality equity and fixed income investments, by periodically monitoring the credit strength of companies in which investments are made, by limiting exposure in any one investment and by monitoring the quality of the investment portfolio by taking into account credit ratings assigned by recognized rating organizations. Our portfolio includes five securities in default, three corporate bonds and two preferred stocks, with a carrying value of $2.7 million as of September 30, 2003. Of our bonds and preferred stocks, 91.7% were rated in either of the two highest qualities categories provided by the NAIC as of September 30, 2003, as compared to 96.5% at December 31, 2002.

      This decrease primarily resulted from an increase in market value of securities that are not rated in either of the two highest categories. Although we have significant holdings of various closed-end preferred stock mutual funds, these funds are comprised primarily of preferred and common stocks traded on national stock exchanges, thus limiting exposure to any one investment.

      Interest Rate Sensitivity. As part of our investing activities, we assume positions in fixed maturity, equity, short-term and cash equivalents markets. We are, therefore, exposed to the impacts of interest rate changes in the market value of investments. At September 30, 2003, our exposure to interest rate changes and equity price risk has been estimated using sensitivity analysis. The interest rate impact is defined as the effect of a hypothetical interest rate change of plus-or-minus 200 basis points on the market value of fixed maturities and preferred stocks.

      Changes in interest rates would result in unrealized gains or losses in the market value of the fixed maturity and preferred stock portfolio due to differences between current market rates and the stated rates for these investments. The following table summarizes our interest rate risk, based on the results of the sensitivity analysis at September 30, 2003. The table also reflects the changes in market value and stockholders' equity that would be attributable to realized investment gains (losses) that we would recognize under the equity method of accounting with respect to the change in the net asset value of any mutual fund in which we own 20% percent or more of the shares outstanding.

- 32 -

           

Hypothetical

   

Estimated Market

     

Percentage

   

Value of Fixed

     

Increase

   

Income and

 

Estimated

 

(Decrease) in

   

Preferred Stock

 

Change in

 

Stockholders'

Hypothetical Change in Interest Rates

 

Investments

 

Market Value

 

Equity(1)


 


 


 


   

(Dollars in thousands)

200 basis point increase

 

$1,294,169

 

$(122,826)

 

(9.3)%

No Change

 

 1,416,995

 

-

 

-

200 basis point decrease

 

 1,534,826

 

 117,831

 

8.9%

(1)   Net of income taxes at an assumed rate of 35%.

      Equity Price Risk. The equity price risk is defined as a hypothetical change of plus-or-minus 10% in the market value of common stocks. The following table summarizes our equity price risk, based on the results of the sensitivity analysis at September 30, 2003:

           

Hypothetical

           

Percentage

   

Estimated Market

     

Increase

   

Value of Common

 

Estimated

 

(Decrease) in

   

Equity

 

Change in

 

Stockholders'

Hypothetical Change in Market Price

 

Investments(1)

 

Market Value

 

Equity(2)


 


 


 


   

(Dollars in thousands)

20% price increase

 

$269,069

 

$ 44,845

 

3.4%

10% price increase

 

 246,646

 

  22,422

 

1.7%

No change

 

 224,224

 

-

 

-

10% price decrease

 

 201,802

 

  (22,422)

 

(1.7)%

20% price decrease

 

 179,379

 

  (44,845)

 

(3.4)%

(1)   Includes both common stocks and closed-end preferred stock mutual funds.

(2)   Net of income taxes at an assumed rate of 35%.

      The preceding sensitivity analysis does not represent a forecast and should not be relied upon as being indicative of expected operating results. These hypothetical estimates are based upon numerous assumptions such as the nature and timing of interest rate levels including the yield curve shape, prepayments on loans and securities, reinvestment and replacement of asset and liability cash flows and other assumptions. While assumptions are developed based upon current economic conditions, we cannot provide any assurance as to the predictive nature of these assumptions. Also, as market conditions vary from those assumed in the sensitivity analysis, actual results will also differ due to prepayment and refinancing levels likely deviating from those assumed and other internal and external variables. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis does not reflect actions that management might take in responding to or anticipating changes in interest rates.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

      Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of September 30, 2003. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the September 30, 2003 evaluation date, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

      There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

      Please refer to Note 3 located in "Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements - Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements".

Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds

      We have granted stock options to eligible agents of American Commerce. The following table provides a summary of those grants.

   

Number of

           
   

Underlying

           

Grant Date

 

Shares

 

Date Exercisable

 

Expiration Date

 

Exercise Price


 


 


 


 


07/31/2003

 

1,050,000

 

07/31/2008

 

07/31/2013

 

$46.27

      No cash consideration was received by us in exchange for the options. The purpose of the options is to provide an incentive for the agents to maintain their existing business volume with American Commerce. Additional options are granted based on the year-over-year increase in the volume of agency business written with American Commerce.

      The options have been offered and sold pursuant to Securities Act Rule 506. Neither we nor any person acting on our behalf has offered or sold the options by any form of general solicitation or general advertising, and we have exercised reasonable care to assure that none of the recipients is an underwriter within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act. Based upon the representations from the recipients, we have reason to believe that not more than one of the recipients was not an accredited investor, as defined in Securities Act 501.

      The right of the recipient to exercise the options is contingent upon the average volume of other-than-Massachusetts private passenger automobile and homeowners direct written premiums placed and maintained with American Commerce for a five-year period specified in each option agreement. If qualified, the recipient may purchase our common stock at the exercise price for a period of five years beginning five years after the date of the grant. Unexercised options terminate not later than ten years after the date of grant. The options may be exercised only by withholding option shares to pay the exercise price.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

      None

Item 4. Submissions of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

      None

Item 5. Other Information

      None

- 35 -

Item 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K

   

Page No.

(a)

Exhibit 31.1 - CEO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)certification

37

 

        31.2 - CFO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)certification

38

 

Exhibit 32.1 - CEO Section 1350 Certification

39

 

        32.2 - CFO Section 1350 Certification

40

(b)   Reports on Form 8-K

   (1)   On July 3, 2003, the Company filed a Form 8-K/A, which amended the form 8-K filed on June 23, 2003. The purpose was to comply with Item 4, which was for notification of a change in the Registrant's certifying accountant.

   (2)   On July 28, 2003, the Company filed a Form 8-K. The purpose was to comply with Item 12, Results of Operations and Financial Conditions, which required the furnishing of the Registrant's press release regarding second quarter earnings.

SIGNATURE

      Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

THE COMMERCE GROUP, INC.

   
 

/s/ Randall V. Becker

 


 

Randall V. Becker

 

Treasurer and

 

Chief Accounting Officer

Dated this 13th day of November, 2003.

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