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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION FORM 10-K
Washington, D. C. 20549
(Mark One)
  x      ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE
  SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
  For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
OR
  o      TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
  SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from   to                               
Commission file number 0-16276
 
STERLING FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Pennsylvania
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  23-2449551
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
101 North Pointe Boulevard
Lancaster, Pennsylvania
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
17601-4133
(Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone number, including area code: (717) 581-6030
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act:
Common Stock, Par Value $5.00 Per Share
(Title of class)
      Indicated by a check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
      Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
      Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 126-2). Yes x No o
      The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant at June 30, 2004, was approximately $548,988,000.
      The number of shares of Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding on March 11, 2005 was 23,311,426.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
      Portions of the Registrant’s 2005 Proxy Statement are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.


 

Sterling Financial Corporation
Table of Contents
             
        Page
         
Part I
Item 1.
  Business     3  
 
Item 2.
  Properties     10  
 
Item 3.
  Legal Proceedings     11  
 
Item 4.
  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders     11  
Part II
Item 5.
  Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters     12  
 
Item 6.
  Selected Financial Data     13  
 
Item 7.
  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     14  
 
Item 7A.
  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     41  
 
Item 8.
  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data     43  
 
Item 9.
  Changes in and Disagreements with Registered Independent Public Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     91  
 
Item 9A.
  Controls and Procedures     91  
 
Item 9B.
  Other information     91  
Part III
Item 10.
  Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant     91  
 
Item 11.
  Executive Compensation     91  
 
Item 12.
  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters     91  
 
Item 13.
  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions     92  
 
Item 14.
  Principal Accountant Fees and Services     92  
Part IV
Item 15.
  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules     92  
 
Signatures
        94  

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Part I
       The management of Sterling Financial Corporation has made forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These forward-looking statements may be subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include the information concerning possible or assumed future results of operations of Sterling Financial Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Bank of Lancaster County, N.A., First National Bank of North East, Bank of Hanover and Trust Company, Pennsylvania State Bank, Delaware Sterling Bank & Trust Company, Church Capital Management LLC, Bainbridge Securities, Inc., T & C Leasing, Inc., HOVB Investment Co., StoudtAdvisors, Lancaster Insurance Group, LLC and Sterling Mortgage Services, Inc. (inactive). The consolidated financial statements also include Town & Country Leasing, LLC, Sterling Financial Trust Company, Equipment Finance LLC and Sterling Community Development Corporation, L.L.C., all wholly-owned subsidiaries of Bank of Lancaster County, N.A. When words such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “estimates” or similar expressions occur in this annual report, management is making forward-looking statements.
      Shareholders should note that many factors, some of which are discussed elsewhere in this report, could affect the future financial results of Sterling Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries, both individually and collectively, and could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in this report. These risk factors include the following:
  •  Operating, legal and regulatory risks;
 
  •  Economic, political and competitive forces impacting our various lines of business;
 
  •  The risk that our analysis of these risks and forces could be incorrect and/or that the strategies developed to address them could be unsuccessful;
 
  •  The possibility that increased demand for Sterling’s financial services and products may not occur;
 
  •  Volatility in interest rates;
 
  •  Integration of our newly acquired affiliates may not occur as quickly or smoothly as anticipated and projected synergies may not occur on the projected timeframe or at all; and
 
  •  Other risks and uncertainties.
      Sterling undertakes no obligation to publicly revise or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date of this report. Readers should carefully review the risk factors described in other documents Sterling files periodically with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and any Current Reports on Form 8-K.
Item 1 — Business
      Sterling Financial Corporation is a $2.743 billion financial holding company headquartered in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Through its banking and nonbanking subsidiaries, Sterling provides a full range of banking and financial services to individuals and businesses, through its five business segments: Community Banking and Related Services; Leasing; Commercial Finance; Trust and Investment Services; and Insurance and Related Services.
      Community Banking and Related Services
      The Community Banking and Related Services segment provides financial services to consumers, businesses, financial institutions and governmental units in south central Pennsylvania, northern Maryland and northern Delaware. These services include providing various types of loans to customers, accepting deposits, mortgage banking and other traditional banking services. Parent company and treasury function income is included in the community-banking segment, as the majority of effort of these functions is related to this segment. Major revenue sources include net interest income and service fees on deposit accounts. Expenses include personnel and branch network support charges.

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      Our Community Banking and Related Services segment is comprised of our banking affiliates, summarized below (dollars in millions).
                                     
    # of                
Bank Name   Offices   Markets Served   Loans   Deposits   Assets
                     
Bank of Lancaster County, N.A
    36     Lancaster County, PA
Chester County, PA
Berks County, PA(1)
Lebanon County, PA(2)
  $ 1,172     $ 1,195     $ 1,558  
Bank of Hanover and Trust Company
    16     York County, PA
Adams County, PA
Carroll County, MD
    472       555       691  
Pennsylvania State Bank
     6     Cumberland County, PA
Dauphin County, PA
    155       156       243  
First National Bank of North East
     4     Cecil County, MD     71       113       123  
Delaware Sterling Bank & Trust Company
(chartered January 3, 2005)
   
 1
   
New Castle County, DE(3)
   
     
     
 
 
(1)  Bank of Lancaster County conducts business through its PennSterling Bank division office.
 
(2)  Bank of Lancaster County conducts business through its two Bank of Lebanon County division offices.
 
(3)  Bank of Lancaster County conducted business through its Delaware Sterling Bank division office through January 3, 2005.
      In addition to its network of 63 office locations, the Community Banking and Related Services segment delivers its services through alternative delivery channels, including the ATM network, internet and telephone banking.
      The Community Banking and Related Services segment’s geographic market is among the strongest and most stable economies in Pennsylvania, Maryland and Delaware with agriculture, industry and tourism all contributing to the overall strength of the economy. No single sector dominates the region’s economy.
      The affiliate banks are subject to regulation and periodic examination by their regulators, including the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for the national banks, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and Pennsylvania Department of Banking for the state chartered non-member bank, Bank of Hanover and the Federal Reserve for the state chartered, member bank, Pennsylvania State Bank. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as provided by law, insures the bank’s deposits.
      At December 31, 2004, the Community Banking and Related Services segment represented approximately 82% of Sterling’s consolidated assets, and contributed approximately 56% of Sterling’s net income for the year ended December 31, 2004.
      Leasing
      The Leasing Segment provides fleet and equipment financing services to commercial businesses. Sterling has two affiliates that comprise the leasing segment, including Town & Country Leasing, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bank of Lancaster County, and T & C Leasing, Inc., a direct subsidiary of Sterling.
      The Leasing segment provides fleet management and equipment financing and leasing alternatives to customers headquartered primarily in Pennsylvania and surrounding states. Through its customers’ branch offices, the Leasing segment conducts business in all 50 states.
      At December 31, 2004, the Leasing segment represented approximately 9% of Sterling’s consolidated assets, and contributed approximately 4% of Sterling’s net income for the year ended December 31, 2004. Major revenue sources include net interest income and rental income on operating leases. Expenses include personnel, support and depreciation charges on operating leases.

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      Commercial Finance
      Equipment Finance LLC, which was acquired by Sterling in February 2002, represents the sole affiliate within the commercial finance segment. Equipment Finance specializes in financing forestry and land-clearing equipment through more than 150 equipment dealer locations ranging from Maine to Florida.
      At December 31, 2004, the Commercial Finance segment represented approximately 8% of Sterling’s consolidated assets, and contributed approximately 36% of Sterling’s net income for the year ended December 31, 2004. Major revenue sources include net interest income. Expenses include personnel and support charges. Since the acquisition of Equipment Finance in 2002, finance receivables have grown from $81 million to $194 million, and represent one of Sterling’s fastest growing segments.
      Trust and Investment Services
      The Trust and Investment Services segment includes both corporate asset and personal wealth management services. The corporate asset management business provides retirement planning services, investment management, custody and other corporate trust services to small to medium size businesses in Sterling’s market area. Personal wealth management services include investment management, brokerage, estate and tax planning, as well as trust management and administration for high net worth individuals and their families.
      Prior to October 2003, Sterling Financial Trust Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Bank of Lancaster County, and its predecessor wealth management and investment services divisions at Bank of Lancaster County and Bank of Hanover were the only units within this segment. In 2002, the wealth management and investment services divisions of the two banks were combined into the newly created Trust Company to increase revenue generation opportunities, while increasing operating efficiencies.
      In the fourth quarter of 2003, Sterling acquired Church Capital Management LLC and Bainbridge Securities, Inc. These acquisitions result in our ability to offer a wider array of financial services within the Trust and Investment Services segment. Church Capital is a SEC Registered Investment Advisor and Bainbridge Securities is a National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) broker/ dealer that offers complementary products to the more traditional wealth management services. Sterling expects that these acquisitions will enhance earnings and provide financial product diversification.
      At December 31, 2004, the Trust and Investment Services segment represented approximately 1% of consolidated assets, and contributed approximately 3% of Sterling’s net income for the year ended December 31, 2004. In addition, the Trust and Investment Services segment had assets under management of approximately $1.7 billion. Major revenue sources include management and estate fees and commissions on security transactions. Expenses primarily consist of personnel and support charges, as well as amortization of intangible assets.
      Insurance and Related Services
      Sterling’s affiliates offer insurance and related services to its customers including benefit products and consulting services to medium and large business through Corporate Healthcare Strategies, credit life and disability reinsurance, through Pennbanks Insurance Company, comprehensive personal insurance and coverages through Lancaster Insurance Group, LLC, and Sterling Financial Settlement Services, a settlement and title insurance agency joint venture that it has established with a local realtor agency.
      In May 2004, Sterling strengthened this segment of its business through the acquisition of Corporate Healthcare Strategies, doing business as StoudtAdvisors, located in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The acquisition of StoudtAdvisors is consistent with Sterling’s philosophy of becoming a diversified financial company. It is anticipated that StoudtAdvisors will be able to bring another product offering to our customer base, allowing us to continue to build on our relationship management model. In addition, effective July 1, 2004, Sterling purchased the remaining fifty percent of Lancaster Insurance Group’s membership interest, and became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sterling.

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      At December 31, 2004, the Insurance and Related Services segment represented less than 1% of consolidated assets, and contributed less than 1% of net income for the year ended December 31, 2004. Although not significant in 2004, it is anticipated that revenues and profits will grow in future periods. Major revenue sources of this segment include commissions on sales of insurance products and consulting fees. Expenses primarily consist of personnel and support charges, as well as amortization of intangible assets.
      For more detailed financial information pertaining to our operating segments, please refer to Note 23 of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
      Sterling’s major sources of operating funds, as a parent company, are dividends received from its subsidiaries and reimbursement of operating expenses from the affiliates. Sterling’s expenses are primarily operating expenses. Dividends that Sterling pays to shareholders are funded, in part, by dividends paid to Sterling by its subsidiaries.
      Sterling and its subsidiaries do not have any portion of their businesses dependent on a single or limited number of customers, the loss of which would have a material adverse effect on their businesses. No substantial portion of their loans or investments are concentrated within a single industry or group of related industries, although a significant amount of loans are secured by real estate located in south central Pennsylvania, and northern Maryland. Loan exposure to the forestry industry is approximately 10% of total loans outstanding. The businesses of Sterling and its subsidiaries are not seasonal in nature.
      The common stock of Sterling is listed on The NASDAQ Stock Market National Market System under the symbol SLFI.
Competition
      The financial services industry in Sterling’s market area is highly competitive, including competition from commercial banks, savings banks, credit unions, finance companies and nonbank providers of financial services. Several of Sterling’s competitors have legal lending limits that exceed Sterling’s subsidiaries, as well as funding sources in the capital markets that exceeds Sterling’s availability. The increased competition has resulted from a changing legal and regulatory climate, as well as from the economic climate.
Environmental Compliance
      Sterling’s and its subsidiaries’ compliance with federal, state and local environmental protection laws had no material effect on capital expenditures, earnings or their competitive position in 2004, and is not expected to have a material effect on such expenditures, earnings or competitive position in 2005.
Supervision and Regulation
      Bank holding companies and banks operate in a highly regulated environment and are regularly examined by Federal and State regulatory authorities.
      The following discussion highlights various Federal and State laws and regulations and the potential impact of such laws and regulations on Sterling and its subsidiaries.
      To the extent that the following information describes statutory or regulatory provisions, it is qualified in its entirety by reference to the particular statutory or regulatory provisions themselves. Proposals to change laws and regulations are frequently introduced in Congress, the state legislatures, and before the various regulatory agencies. Sterling cannot determine the likelihood or timing of any such proposals or legislation or the impact they may have on Sterling and its subsidiaries. A change in law, regulations or regulatory policy may have a material effect on the business of Sterling and its subsidiaries.
Bank Holding Company Regulation
      Sterling is a financial holding company and, as such, is subject to the regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (BHC Act). Bank holding companies are required to file periodic reports with and are subject to examination by the

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Federal Reserve. The BHC Act requires a financial holding company to serve as a source of financial and managerial strength to its banking subsidiaries, which may result in providing adequate capital funds to the banks during periods of financial stress or adversity.
      The BHC Act prohibits Sterling from acquiring direct or indirect control of more than 5% of the outstanding voting stock of any bank, or substantially all of the assets of any bank, or merger with another bank holding company, without the prior approval of the Federal Reserve. The BHC Act allows interstate bank acquisitions and interstate branching by acquisition and consolidation in those states that had not elected out by the required deadline. The Pennsylvania Department of Banking also must approve any similar consolidation. Pennsylvania law permits Pennsylvania financial holding companies to control an unlimited number of banks.
      In addition, the BHC Act restricts our nonbanking activities to those that are determined by the Federal Reserve Board to be financial in nature, incidental to such financial activity, or complementary to a financial activity. The BHC Act does not place territorial restrictions on the activities of nonbank subsidiaries of financial holding companies.
      The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act requires a bank holding company to guarantee the compliance of any insured depository institution subsidiary that may become “undercapitalized”, as defined by regulations, with the terms of any capital restoration plan filed by such subsidiary with its appropriate federal banking agency, up to specified limits.
Financial Services Modernization Legislation
      In November 1999, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, or the GLB, was enacted. As a result of GLB, new opportunities became available to financial institution holding companies as it removed the restrictions that resulted from a regulatory framework that had its origin in the Great Depression of the 1930s. In addition, the GLB also contains provisions that expressly preempt any state law restricting the establishment of financial affiliations, primarily related to insurance.
      The general effect of GLB is to permit banks, other depository institutions, insurance companies and securities firms to enter into combinations that result in a single financial services organization to offer customers a wider array of financial services and products, through a new entity known as a “financial holding company.” “Financial activities” is broadly defined to include not only banking, insurance and securities activities, but other activities incidental to such financial activities or complementary activities that do not pose a substantial risk to the safety and soundness of depository institutions or the financial system generally. The GLB also permits national banks to engage in expanded activities through the formation of financial subsidiaries.
      Sterling elected “financial holding company” status in April, 2001 and has utilized the opportunities available under the GLB to expand into a diversified holding company. Sterling acquired First National Bank of North East in June 1999, Bank of Hanover and Trust Company in July 2000, Equipment Finance LLC in February 2002, Church Capital Management LLC and Bainbridge Securities, Inc. in October 2003, Corporate Healthcare Strategies, LLC in May 2004, Lancaster Insurance Group, LLC in June 2004, and Pennsylvania State Bank in December 2004.
      To the extent that the GLB permits banks, securities firms and insurance companies to affiliate, the financial services industry may experience further consolidation. The GLB is intended to grant to community banks certain powers as a matter of right that larger institutions have accumulated on an ad hoc basis and which unitary savings and loan holding companies already possess. Nevertheless, the GLB may have the result of increasing the amount of competition that Sterling faces from larger institutions and other types of companies offering financial products, many of which may have substantially more financial resources than does Sterling.

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USA Patriot Act of 2001
      On October 26, 2001, the USA Patriot Act of 2001 was enacted. This act contains the International Money Laundering Abatement and Financial Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001, which sets forth anti-money laundering measures affecting insured depository institutions, broker-dealers and other financial institutions. The Act requires U.S. financial institutions to adopt new policies and procedures to combat money laundering and grants the Secretary of the Treasury broad authority to establish regulations and to impose requirements and restrictions on the operations of financial institutions.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
      On July 30, 2002, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 was enacted. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act represents a comprehensive revision of laws affecting corporate governance, accounting obligations and corporate reporting. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is applicable to all companies with equity securities registered or that file reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. In particular, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act established: (i) new requirements for audit committees, including independence, expertise and responsibilities; (ii) additional responsibilities regarding financial statements for the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the reporting company; (iii) new standards for auditors and regulation of audits; (iv) increased disclosure and reporting obligations for the reporting company and its directors and executive officers; and (v) new and increased civil and criminal penalties for violations of the securities laws. Many of the provisions were effective immediately while other provisions became effective over a period of time and are subject to rulemaking by the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). Because Sterling’s common stock is registered with the SEC, it is subject to this Act.
      Throughout 2002 and 2003, the SEC and the NASDAQ Stock Market issued new regulations affecting our corporate governance and heightening our disclosure requirements. Among the many new changes this year are enhanced proxy statement disclosures on corporate governance, stricter independence requirements for the Board of Directors and its committees, posting of various SEC reports on our website, and documentation, testing and analysis of our internal controls and procedures. The full impact of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the increased costs related to Sterling’s compliance are still uncertain and evolving.
          Regulation W
      Sterling and its banking affiliates are subject to Regulation W, which provides guidance on permissible activities and transactions between affiliated companies. In general, subject to certain specified exemptions, a bank or its subsidiaries are limited in their ability to engage in “covered transactions” with affiliates:
  •  to an amount equal to 10% of the bank’s capital and surplus, in the case of covered transactions with any one affiliate; and
 
  •  to an amount equal to 20% of the bank’s capital and surplus, in the case of covered transactions with all affiliates.
      In addition, a bank and its subsidiaries may engage in covered transactions and other specified transactions only on terms and under circumstances that are substantially the same, or at least as favorable to the bank or its subsidiary, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with nonaffiliated companies. A “covered transaction” includes:
  •  a loan or extension of credit to an affiliate;
 
  •  a purchase of, or an investment in, securities issued by an affiliate;
 
  •  a purchase of assets from an affiliate, with some exceptions;
 
  •  the acceptance of securities issued by an affiliate as collateral for a loan or extension of credit to any party; and
 
  •  the issuance of a guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit on behalf of an affiliate.

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      In addition, under Regulation W:
  •  a bank and its subsidiaries may not purchase a low-quality asset from an affiliate;
 
  •  covered transactions and other specified transactions between a bank or its subsidiaries and an affiliate must be on terms and conditions that are consistent with safe and sound banking practices; and
 
  •  with some exceptions, each loan or extension of credit by a bank to an affiliate must be secured by collateral with a market value ranging from 100% to 130%, depending on the type of collateral, of the amount of the loan or extension of credit.
          Check 21
      The Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act, or “Check 21” as it is commonly known, became effective on October 28, 2004. Check 21 facilitates check collection by creating a new negotiable instrument called a “substitute check” that permits, but does not require, banks to replace original checks with substitute checks or information from the original check and process the check information electronically. Banks that do not use substitute checks must comply with certain notice and recredit rights. Check 21 is expected to cut the time and cost involved in physically transporting paper items and reduce float (i.e., the time between the deposit of a check in a bank and payment), especially in cases in which items were not already being delivered same-day or overnight.
      We cannot predict what legislation might be enacted or what regulations might be adopted, or if enacted or adopted, the effect thereof on our operations.
          Dividends
      Sterling is a legal entity separate and distinct from its subsidiary banks and nonbank subsidiaries. Our revenues, on a parent company only basis, result almost entirely from dividends paid to the corporation by its subsidiaries. Federal and state laws regulate the payment of dividends by our subsidiaries, as outlined in the “Supervision and Regulation — Regulation of the Banks” section below.
      Further, Federal Reserve policy dictates that bank holding companies should pay dividends only out of current earnings. Federal banking regulators also have the authority to prohibit banks and bank holding companies from paying a dividend if they deem such payment to be an unsafe or unsound practice.
          FDIC Insurance
      The subsidiary banks are subject to Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation assessments. The FDIC has adopted a risk-related premium assessment system for both the Bank Insurance Fund for banks and the Savings Association Insurance Fund for savings associations. Under this system, FDIC insurance premiums are assessed based on capital and supervisory measures.
      Under the risk-related premium assessment system, the FDIC, on a semiannual basis, assigns each institution to one of three capital groups, “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” or “undercapitalized,” and further assigns such institution to one of three subgroups within a capital group corresponding to the FDIC’s judgment of its strength based on supervisory evaluations, including examination reports, statistical analysis, and other information relevant to gauging the risk posed by the institution. Only institutions with a total risk-based capital to risk-adjusted assets ratio of 10% or greater, a Tier 1 capital to risk-adjusted assets ratio of 6% or greater, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5% or greater, are assigned to the well-capitalized group. Sterling and each of its subsidiary banks, at December 31, 2004, qualify as “well capitalized” under these regulatory standards.
          Regulation of Banks
      The operations of our banking subsidiaries are subject to federal and state statutes, and are subject to the regulations of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC, and the Pennsylvania Department of Banking.

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      The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the primary supervisory authority over national banks, and the FDIC and Federal Reserve, the primary regulators of the state chartered banks, regularly examines the subsidiary banks in such areas as reserves, loans, investments, management practices, electronic banking and other aspects of operations. These examinations are designed for the protection of the banks’ depositors rather than our shareholders. The subsidiary banks must file quarterly and annual reports with the FDIC and Federal Reserve.
      The National Bank Act requires the subsidiary national banks to obtain the prior approval of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency for the payment of dividends if the total of all dividends declared by the banks in one year would exceed the banks’ net profits, as defined and interpreted by regulation, for the two preceding years, less any required transfers to surplus. In addition, the banks may only pay dividends to the extent that their retained net profits, including the portion transferred to surplus, exceed statutory bad debts, as defined by regulation. Under Pennsylvania statutes, state chartered banks are restricted, unless prior regulatory approval is obtained, in the amount of dividends, which it may declare in relation to its accumulated profits, less any required transfer to surplus. These restrictions have not had, nor are they expected to have any impact on our dividend policy.
      Sterling and our subsidiary banks are affected by the monetary and fiscal policies of government agencies, including the Federal Reserve and FDIC. Through open market securities transactions and changes in its discount rate and reserve requirements, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve exerts considerable influence over the cost and availability of funds for lending and investment. The nature of monetary and fiscal policies on future business and earnings of Sterling cannot be predicted at this time.
          Other
      From time to time, various federal and state legislation is proposed that could result in additional regulation of, and restrictions on, the business of Sterling and its subsidiaries, or otherwise change the business environment. Management cannot predict whether any future legislation will have a material effect on the business of Sterling.
Products and Services with Reputation Risk
      Sterling and its subsidiaries offer a diverse range of financial and banking products and services. In the event one or more customers and/or governmental agencies become dissatisfied or object to any product or service offered by Sterling or any of its subsidiaries, negative publicity with respect to any such product or service, whether legally justified or not, could have a negative impact on Sterling’s reputation. The discontinuance of any product or service, whether or not any customer or governmental agency has challenged any such product or service, could have a negative impact on Sterling’s reputation.
Employees
      As of December 31, 2004, Sterling had approximately 1,000 full-time equivalent employees. None of these employees are represented by a collective bargaining agreement, and Sterling believes it enjoys good relations with its personnel. For more detailed information on Sterling Financial Corporation, please visit our website at www.sterlingfi.com. Except as expressly provided to the contrary [in Part III, Item 14 of this Form 10-K], information contained on Sterling’s Internet site is not incorporated by reference into this document. Documents required to be filed with the SEC and posted on Sterling’s website are available on our website as soon as reasonably practical after such material is electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. They can also be obtained without charge by writing to: Investor Relations, Sterling Financial Corporation, 101 North Pointe Blvd., Lancaster, PA 17601.
Item 2 — Properties
      As of December 31, 2004, Sterling and its affiliates occupy 63 office locations in Lancaster, York, Adams, Lebanon, Berks, Chester, Bucks, Cumberland and Dauphin Counties, Pennsylvania, Cecil and Carroll Counties, Maryland and New Castle County, Delaware. The majority of these offices are utilized by the

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banking affiliates to service the needs of their retail and business customers. Offices at 34 locations are occupied under leases, and at four locations the affiliate owns the building, but leases the land. The remainder of the locations are owned by one of the bank affiliates.
      In addition to the banking locations, the corporate headquarters, located in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and operations centers located in East Petersburg, and Hanover, Pennsylvania, are owned by the bank affiliates. A certain amount of space in the Lancaster and East Petersburg buildings are leased to third parties.
      All real estate owned by the subsidiary banks is free and clear of encumbrances. The leases of the subsidiary banks expire intermittently over the years through 2024 and most are subject to one or more renewal options. During 2004, aggregate annual rentals for real estate did not exceed 2% of our operating expenses.
Item 3 — Legal Proceedings
      As of December 31, 2004, there were no material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, to which Sterling or its subsidiaries are a party or by which any of their property is the subject.
      We are party to various legal proceedings that arise in the normal course of our business. Although the outcomes of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that the final outcome of any single proceeding or all proceedings in the aggregate will not have a material adverse effect on Sterling’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Item 4 — Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
      There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2004.

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Part II
Item 5 — Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
      Sterling Financial Corporation’s common stock trades on the NASDAQ Stock Market National Market System under the symbol SLFI. There were 70,000,000 shares of common stock authorized at December 31, 2004, and 23,106,586 shares outstanding. As of December 31, 2004, Sterling had approximately 4,950 shareholders of record. In addition, there were 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized at December 31, 2004, with no shares issued.
      Sterling is restricted as to the amount of dividends that it can pay to shareholders by virtue of the restrictions on the subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends to Sterling.
      The following table reflects the quarterly high and low prices of Sterling’s common stock for the periods indicated and the cash dividends declared on the common stock for the periods indicated.
                         
    Price Range Per Share    
        Per Share
2004   High   Low   Dividend
             
First Quarter
  $ 25.95     $ 22.08     $ 0.150  
Second Quarter
    29.04       23.11       0.150  
Third Quarter
    27.44       22.58       0.160  
Fourth Quarter
    30.50       25.17       0.160  
 

2003
                       
                   
 
First Quarter
  $ 19.66     $ 17.38     $ 0.136  
Second Quarter
    20.40       18.12       0.136  
Third Quarter
    23.06       18.80       0.144  
Fourth Quarter
    23.54       21.02       0.144  
      All per share information has been restated for the 5-for-4 stock split, effected in the form of a 25% stock dividend, declared in January 2004 and paid in February 2004.
      In May 2003, Sterling’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 1,042,692 shares of its common stock. Shares repurchased are held for reissuance in connection with Sterling’s stock compensation plans and for general corporate purposes. Through December 31, 2004, 873,942 shares remained authorized for repurchase under the plan.
      During the fourth quarter of 2004, Sterling did not repurchase any of its shares under the repurchase plan.

12


 

Item 6 — Selected Financial Data
                                             
    Years Ended December 31,
     
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)   2004(5)   2003(5)   2002(5)   2001   2000
                     
Summaries of Income
                                       
 
Interest income
  $ 137,682     $ 127,074     $ 123,591     $ 115,916     $ 113,319  
 
Interest expense
    40,265       41,156       48,643       57,274       58,501  
                               
 
Net interest income
    97,417       85,918       74,948       58,642       54,818  
 
Provision for loan losses
    4,438       3,697       2,095       1,217       605  
                               
 
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    92,979       82,221       72,853       57,425       54,213  
 
Non-interest income
    59,296       49,721       44,832       43,925       37,508  
 
Non-interest expense
    107,086       92,568       85,922       75,172       70,203  
                               
 
Income before income taxes
    45,189       39,374       31,763       26,178       21,518  
 
Applicable income taxes
    11,860       10,315       7,018       5,844       4,951  
                               
   
Net income
  $ 33,329     $ 29,059     $ 24,745     $ 20,334     $ 16,567  
                               
Financial Condition at Year End
                                       
 
Assets
  $ 2,742,762     $ 2,343,517     $ 2,156,928     $ 1,861,439     $ 1,726,138  
 
Loans, net
    1,888,380       1,481,369       1,283,075       1,087,102       1,021,499  
 
Deposits
    2,015,394       1,778,397       1,702,302       1,535,649       1,420,300  
 
Borrowed money
    403,973       296,342       217,717       141,378       139,506  
 
Stockholders’ equity
    281,944       220,011       196,833       152,111       139,347  
Per Common Share Data (3)
                                       
 
Earnings per share — basic
    1.53       1.37       1.19       1.04       0.85  
 
Earnings per share — diluted
    1.51       1.35       1.18       1.03       0.85  
 
Cash dividends declared
    0.62       0.56       0.53       0.50       0.48  
 
Book value
    12.07       10.24       9.31       7.78       7.11  
 
Realized book value (2)
    11.63       9.60       8.64       7.50       6.98  
 
Weighted average number of common shares:
                                       
   
Basic
    21,772       21,224       20,849       19,576       19,601  
   
Diluted
    22,121       21,448       21,028       19,656       19,620  
 
Dividend payout ratio (1)
    40.5 %     40.9 %     44.5 %     48.1 %     56.5 %
Profitability Ratios on Earnings
                                       
 
Return on average assets
    1.39 %     1.33 %     1.22 %     1.14 %     1.02 %
 
Return on average equity
    14.24 %     14.02 %     13.70 %     13.74 %     12.99 %