UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

FORM 10-Q

      (Mark One)

þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ___________

000-50327
(Commission File Number)

iPass Inc.

3800 Bridge Parkway
Redwood Shores, California 94065
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(650) 232-4100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes þ No o

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value, as of April 30, 2005 was 63,307,398.

iPASS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 2005

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

iPASS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

See Accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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iPASS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

See Accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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iPASS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

See Accompanying Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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iPASS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Note 1. Description of Business

iPass, Inc. (the “Company”) provides software-enabled enterprise connectivity services for mobile workers. Its primary service offering, iPass Corporate Access, is designed to enable enterprises to provide their employees with secure access from over 150 countries to the enterprise’s internal networks through an easy-to-use interface. As opposed to telecommunications companies that own and operate physical networks, iPass provides its services through a virtual network. iPass’ virtual network is enabled by its software, its scalable network architecture and its relationships with over 300 telecommunications carriers, internet service providers and other network service providers around the globe. In addition, we provide policy management services that extend our secure offering to enable better protection of user identities, the integrity of an enterprise’s remote and mobile computer systems, or endpoints, as well as an enterprise’s network. These services can be used in conjunction with iPass Corporate Access or over non-iPass network connections. The Company’s software is designed to provide enterprises with a high level of security, the ability to affect and control policy management, and to receive centralized billing and detailed reporting. iPass was incorporated in California in July 1996 and reincorporated in Delaware in June 2000.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying financial data as of March 31, 2005, and for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004 has been prepared by the Company, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The December 31, 2004 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (which include normal recurring adjustments, except as disclosed herein) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full fiscal year or any future periods.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of iPass Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions.

Foreign Currency Translation

Substantially all revenues and network access expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. Therefore, the Company considers the functional currency of its foreign subsidiaries to be the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses were not significant for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is a measure of all changes in equity of an enterprise that result from transactions and other economic events of the period other than transactions with stockholders. Comprehensive income is the total of net

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income and all other non-owner changes in equity. Comprehensive income includes net income and unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities.

Comprehensive income is comprised of the following (in thousands):

Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments including corporate debt securities and money market funds with maturities of 90 days or less from the date of purchase.

The Company has the ability to convert its short-term investments into cash or into securities with a shorter remaining time to maturity without penalty and is not committed to holding the investments until maturity. As such, all short-term investments in the Company’s portfolio are classified as “available-for-sale” and are stated at fair market value, with the unrealized gains and losses reported as a component of accumulated comprehensive income (loss). The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of unrealized discounts to maturity. Such amortization and accretion is included in other income, net. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.

Concentrations of Risk

Substantially all of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are held by two financial institutions.

The Company provides credit to its customers in the normal course of business, performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers, and maintains an adequate allowance for doubtful accounts. As of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, no individual customer represented 10% or more of accounts receivable.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

For the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities, carrying amounts approximate fair value due to the relatively short maturities of the financial instruments.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation of property and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets as follows:

     Equipment (Three years)

     Furniture and fixtures (Five years)

     Computer software and equipment (Three years)

     Leasehold improvements (Shorter of useful life or lease term)

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically evaluates the carrying amount of its property and equipment when events or changes in business circumstances have occurred which indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully realizable. Determination of impairment is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the Company determines these assets have been impaired, the impairment charge is recorded based on a comparison of the net book value of the fixed assets and their fair value determined by the discounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the assets over their remaining useful lives. There have been no such impairment charges during any of the periods presented.

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Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized as income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded against deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Stock-Based Compensation

Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 123”, amends the disclosure requirements of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”), to require more prominent disclosures in both interim and annual financial statements regarding the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results.

The Company accounts for stock-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”). Under the intrinsic value method, if the exercise price of the Company’s employee stock options equals the market price of the underlying stock on the date of grant, no compensation expense is recognized in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Company is required under SFAS 123, to disclose pro forma information regarding option grants made to its employees and employee stock purchase plan issuances based on specified valuation techniques that produce estimated compensation charges. The pro forma information is as follows (in thousands, except per-share amounts):

The weighted average fair value of options granted was $2.05 and $4.47 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. For purposes of pro forma disclosure, the estimated fair value of the options was amortized to expense over the options’ vesting period, for employee stock options, and over six months, for stock purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions used for grants for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004:

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Computation of Net Income per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted daily average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share is computed using the weighted daily average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period plus dilutive potential common shares from the issuance of stock options using the treasury stock method.

Revenue Recognition

Services and Fees

The Company derives substantially all of its revenues from usage fees. The Company recognizes revenues when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, service has been provided to the customer, the price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is probable.

Revenues are recognized during the period the services are rendered to end users based on usage at negotiated rates. The Company typically requires its customers to commit to minimum usage levels. Minimum usage levels can be based on an annual term, monthly term or over the term of the arrangement. If actual usage in a given period is less than the minimum commitment, the Company recognizes the difference between the actual usage and the minimum commitment as revenue when cash is collected because the Company cannot reasonably estimate the amount of the difference that will be collected. The Company cannot reasonably estimate the amount of the difference to be collected because it has from time to time renegotiated minimum commitments in cases where customers have sought renegotiation of their contract for reasons such as a significant downturn in their business or where the Company has determined that it would be in its best interest to do so. Customers are not contractually entitled to use or otherwise receive benefit for unused service in subsequent periods.

The Company typically provides its customers with deployment services, technical support and additional optional services. Depending on the service provided and the nature of the arrangement, the Company may charge a one-time, annual or monthly fee. Revenues relating to one-time fees are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the initial contract, generally one to three years. Revenues relating to annual fees are recognized on a straight-line basis. Revenues for monthly services are recognized during the month that these services are provided.

License and Maintenance

License revenue consists principally of revenue earned under software license agreements. License revenue is generally recognized when a signed contract or other persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the software has been shipped or electronically delivered, the license fee is fixed or determinable, and collection of the resulting receivable is probable. We enter into revenue arrangements in which a customer may purchase a combination of software, upgrades and maintenance and support (multiple-element arrangements). When vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value exists for all elements, we allocate revenue to each element based on the relative fair value of each of the elements. VSOE of fair value is established by the price charged when that element is sold separately. When contracts contain multiple elements wherein vendor specific objective evidence exists for all undelivered elements, we account for the delivered elements in accordance with the “Residual Method” prescribed by AICPA Statement of Position (“SOP”) 98-9. Revenue from subscription license agreements, which include software, rights to future products and maintenance, is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription period. Revenue on shipments to resellers, which is generally subject to certain rights of return and price protection, is recognized when the products are sold by the resellers to the end-user customer.

Maintenance revenue consists of fees for providing software updates on a when and if available basis and technical support for software products (post-contract support or “PCS”). Maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement.

Payments received in advance of services performed are deferred. Allowances for estimated future returns and discounts are provided for upon recognition of revenue.

The Company generally performs credit reviews to evaluate the customers’ ability to pay. If the Company determines that collectibility is not probable, revenue is recognized as cash is collected.

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Network Access

Network access expenses represent the amounts paid to network access providers for the usage of their networks. The Company has minimum purchase commitments with some network service providers for access that it expects to utilize during the term of the contracts. Costs of minimum purchase contracts are recognized as network access expenses at the greater of the minimum commitment or actual usage.

If the Company estimates that the revenues derived from the purchase commitment will be less than the purchase commitment, the Company recognizes a loss on that purchase commitment to the extent of that difference. No such loss has been recognized through March 31, 2005.

Advertising

Advertising and promotional costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising and promotional costs were approximately $76,000 and $113,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Software Development Costs

Costs related to the research and development of new software and enhancements to existing software are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. To date, the Company’s software has been available for general release concurrent with the establishment of technological feasibility, and accordingly, no costs have been capitalized.

The Company capitalizes the costs of computer software developed or obtained for internal use. Development costs are amortized over the estimated useful life of the software developed, which is generally three years. As of March 31, 2005, the Company had no capitalized internal use software development costs.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December of 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a revised version of Statement No. 123 Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS 123R”), which supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and its related implementation guidance. SFAS 123R requires recognition of the cost of employee services received in share-based payment transactions, thereby reflecting the economic consequences of those transactions in the financial statements. The accounting provisions for SFAS 123 are effective beginning with the first annual reporting period that begins after June 15, 2005, and we will be required to adopt SFAS 123R in the first quarter of 2006. The pro forma disclosures previously permitted under SFAS 123 will no longer be an alternative to financial statement recognition. See “Stock-Based Compensation” above for the pro forma net income and net income per share amounts, for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, as if we had used a fair-value-based method similar to the methods required under SFAS 123R to measure compensation expense for employee stock incentive awards. Although we have not yet determined whether the adoption of SFAS 123R will result in amounts that are similar to the current pro forma disclosures under SFAS 123, we are evaluating the requirements under SFAS 123R and expect the adoption of SFAS 123R to have a significant adverse impact on our consolidated statements of income and net income per share.

Note 3. Net Income Per Common Share

In accordance with SFAS 128, “Earnings Per Share,” basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted daily average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The weighted daily average number of shares of common stock excludes shares that have been exercised prior to vesting and are subject to repurchase by the company. As such, basic net income per share excludes 558,769 and 1,384,224 shares subject to repurchase for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. These shares have been included in diluted net income per share to the extent that the inclusion of such shares is dilutive. Diluted net income per share is based upon the weighted daily average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period plus dilutive potential common shares from the issuance of stock options using the treasury-stock method.

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The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

The following potential shares of common stock have been excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share because the effect of including these shares would have been anti-dilutive:

The weighted-average exercise price of options to purchase common stock excluded from the computation was $10.94 and $17.21 for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Note 4. Legal Contingencies

On January 14, 2005, a lawsuit entitled Palumbo v. iPass, Inc., et al., Case No. C 05 228 MHP was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, purportedly on behalf of a class of investors who purchased iPass stock between April 22, 2004 and June 30, 2004. The complaint alleges claims under Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 against iPass and certain of its officers and directors. Several similar lawsuits were subsequently filed in the same court, and all of the suits have since been consolidated into a single action. On April 22, 2005, the court appointed a lead plaintiff, and pursuant to stipulation, the Company anticipates that a consolidated amended complaint will be filed by the lead plaintiff. This matter is at an early stage; no response to the complaint has been filed, no discovery has taken place and no trial date has been set. iPass and the individual defendants intend to take all appropriate actions to defend the suit. We cannot estimate any possible loss at this time.

On March 25, 2005, a shareholder purporting to act on our behalf filed a lawsuit entitled Narendar Gupta, et al. v. Kenneth Denman, et al., Case No. CIV445765 in the California Superior Court for the County of San Mateo against our directors and certain officers. We were also named as a nominal defendant solely in a derivative capacity. On April 6, 2005, a similar lawsuit entitled Eugene Danielson v. Kenneth D. Denman, et al., No. CIV446034 was filed in that same court. We expect both actions to be consolidated into a single action. The derivative actions are based on the same factual allegations and circumstances as the purported securities class actions and allege state law

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claims for insider trading, breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment. These cases are at an early stage; no responses to the complaints have been filed, no discovery has been taken and no trial date has been set. The company and the individual defendants intend to take all appropriate action to defend these lawsuits. We cannot estimate any possible loss at this time.

Note 5. Segment Information

SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information establishes standards for the reporting by business enterprises of information about operating segments, products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The method for determining what information is reported is based on the way that management organizes the operating segments within the Company for making operational decisions and assessments of financial performance. The Company’s chief executive officer (CEO) is considered to be the Company’s chief operating decision maker. The CEO reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The consolidated financial information reviewed by the CEO is similar to the information presented in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. Therefore, the Company has determined that it operates in a single reportable segment.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q, including this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and our future results that are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about the industries in which we operate and the beliefs and assumptions of our management. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “targets,” “goals,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements which refer to projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth and trends in our business, and other characterizations of future events or circumstances, are forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are only predictions based upon assumptions made that we believed to be reasonable at the time, and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Readers are directed to risks and uncertainties identified below under “Factors Affecting Operating Results” and elsewhere in this quarterly report, for factors that may cause actual results to be different than those expressed in these forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements.

Management Overview

We are a global provider of software-enabled enterprise connectivity services for mobile workers. Our primary service offering is designed to enable enterprises to provide their employees with secure access from over 150 countries to the enterprise’s internal networks through an easy-to-use interface. Our revenues increased 8% for the three months ended March 31, 2005 as compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was driven, in part, by an increase in users of our virtual network as the number of distinct end users increased from 521,000 in March 2004 to 530,000 in March 2005. There was also an increase in the revenue generated from services and fees, in particular, license and maintenance revenue from our acquisition of Mobile Automation, Inc. in October 2004. International revenues, which are revenues generated from customers domiciled outside the United States, also increased as a percentage of our total revenues, in particular due to growth in our EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) region.

We believe that there is an industry-wide trend from dial-up to wired and wireless broadband as the preferred method of connectivity for mobile workers. Consistent with this trend, we experienced a 40% increase in our broadband revenues from $1.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2004 to $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2005. We also continued to add customers during the first quarter of 2005, including 14 from the Forbes Global 2000, bringing our total customers to 263 for the quarter ended March 31, 2005.

Sources of Revenues

We derive our revenues primarily from providing enterprise connectivity services through our virtual network. We sell these services directly, as well as indirectly through our channel partners. We bill substantially all customers on a time basis for usage based on negotiated rates. We bill the remaining customers based on a fixed charge per active user per month with additional charges for excess time. Substantially all enterprise customers commit to a one to three year contract term. Most of our contracts with enterprise customers contain minimum usage levels. Our usage-based revenues represented 88% and 92% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

We have incurred expenses to expand our broadband coverage and are seeking to generate additional revenues from our broadband wired and wireless coverage. We generated approximately 3% of our total revenues from broadband usage for the three months ended March 31, 2005.

With the acquisition of Mobile Automation, Inc. in October of 2004, we also began generating license and maintenance revenue through software licensing agreements.

We bill customers for minimum commitments when actual usage is less than their monthly minimum commitment amount. We recognize the difference between the minimum commitment and actual usage as fee revenue once the cash for such fee has been collected. We also provide customers with deployment services and technical support throughout the term of the contract. We typically charge fees for these services on a one-time or annual basis, depending on the service provided and the nature of the relationship. In addition, we also offer customers additional

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services for which we generally bill on a monthly basis. Fees for these services, together with revenues generated from license and maintenance fees, represented approximately 12% and 8% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, income taxes, impairment of short-term investments, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets and allowance for doubtful accounts. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis of making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities.

We believe the following critical accounting policies are important in understanding our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

Services and Fees

We derive substantially all of our revenues from usage fees. We recognize revenues when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, service has been provided to the customer, the price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is probable.

Revenues are recognized during the period the services are rendered to end users based on usage at negotiated rates. We typically require our customers to commit to minimum usage levels. Minimum usage levels can be based on an annual term, monthly term or over the term of the arrangement. If actual usage in a given period is less than the minimum commitment, we recognize the difference between the actual usage and the minimum commitment as revenue when cash is collected because we cannot reasonably estimate the amount of the difference that will be collected. We cannot reasonably estimate the amount of the difference to be collected because we have from time to time renegotiated minimum commitments in cases where customers have sought renegotiation of their contract for reasons such as a significant downturn in their business or where we have determined that it would be in our best interest to do so. Customers are not contractually entitled to use or otherwise receive benefit for unused service in subsequent periods.

We typically provide our customers with deployment services, technical support and additional optional services. Depending on the service provided and the nature of the arrangement, we may charge a one-time, annual or monthly fee. Revenues relating to one-time fees are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the initial contract, generally one to three years. Revenues relating to annual fees are recognized on a straight-line basis. Revenues for monthly services are recognized during the month that these services are provided.

License and Maintenance

License revenue consists principally of revenue earned under software license agreements. License revenue is generally recognized when a signed contract or other persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the software has been shipped or electronically delivered, the license fee is fixed or determinable, and collection of the resulting receivable is probable. We enter into revenue arrangements in which a customer may purchase a combination of software, upgrades and maintenance and support (multiple-element arrangements). When vendor-specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value exists for all elements, we allocate revenue to each element based on the relative fair value of each of the elements. VSOE of fair value is established by the price charged when that element is sold separately. When contracts contain multiple elements wherein vendor specific objective evidence exists for all undelivered elements, we account for the delivered elements in accordance with the “Residual Method” prescribed by AICPA Statement of Position (“SOP”) 98-9. Revenue from subscription license agreements, which include software, rights to future products and maintenance, is recognized ratably over the term of the subscription period. Revenue on shipments to resellers, which is generally subject to certain rights of return and price protection, is recognized when the products are sold by the resellers to the end-user customer.

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Maintenance revenue consists of fees for providing software updates on a when and if available basis and technical support for software products (post-contract support or “PCS”). Maintenance revenue is recognized ratably over the term of the agreement.

Payments received in advance of services performed are deferred. Allowances for estimated future returns and discounts are provided for upon recognition of revenue.

We generally perform credit reviews to evaluate the customers’ ability to pay. If we determine that collectibility is not probable, revenue is recognized as cash is collected.

Accounting for Income Taxes

In preparing our consolidated financial statements, we assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be realized from future taxable income. We establish a valuation allowance if we determine that it is more likely than not that some portion of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized. Changes in the valuation allowance are included in our consolidated statements of income as a provision for (benefit from) income taxes. We exercise significant judgment in determining our provisions for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and our future taxable income for purposes of assessing our ability to utilize any future tax benefit from our deferred tax assets.

Although we believe it is more likely than not that we will realize our net deferred tax assets, there is no guarantee this will be the case as our ability to use the net operating losses is contingent upon our ability to generate sufficient taxable income in the carryforward period. At each period end, we will be required to reassess our ability to realize the benefit of our net operating losses. If we were to conclude it is not more likely than not that we would realize the benefit of our net operating losses, we may have to re-establish the valuation allowance and therefore record a significant charge to our results of operations.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Our allowance for doubtful accounts is based on a detailed assessment of accounts receivable for specific, as well as anticipated, uncollectible accounts receivable. Our estimate in determining the allowance for doubtful accounts is based on credit profiles of our customers, current economic trends, contractual terms and conditions, and historical payment experience. We have an allowance for doubtful accounts of $2.2 million and $2.1 million as of March 31, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make their required payments to us. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, or if we underestimated the allowances required, additional allowances may be required, which would result in an increased general and administrative expense in the period such determination was made.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview of the three months ended March 31, 2005 and 2004

Revenue