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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

     
[X]   Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2003.

OR

     
[   ]   Transitional Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

For the transition period from:              to:

Commission file number 0-26660

ESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
CALIFORNIA
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  94-2928582
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

48401 FREMONT BOULEVARD
FREMONT, CALIFORNIA 94538

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(510) 492-1088
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes [X]      No [   ]

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes [X]      No [   ]

     As of May 5, 2003 the registrant had 38,640,529 shares of common stock outstanding.



 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
SIGNATURES
CERTIFICATIONS
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
EXHIBIT 99.1
EXHIBIT 99.2


Table of Contents

ESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

         
        Page
       
PART I   FINANCIAL INFORMATION    
Item 1.   Financial Statements (unaudited):    
    Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002   3
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002   4
    Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002   5
    Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements   6
Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   16
Item 3.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk   30
Item 4.   Controls and Procedures   30
PART II   OTHER INFORMATION    
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings   31
Item 6.   Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K   32
SIGNATURES   33
CERTIFICATIONS   34
INDEX TO EXHIBITS   36

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Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)

ESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)

                   
      March 31,   December 31,
      2003   2002
     
 
      (In thousands)
ASSETS
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 99,636     $ 138,072  
Short-term investments
    70,019       61,030  
Accounts receivable, net
    26,952       28,435  
Related party receivable — Vialta
    13       33  
Inventories, net
    21,086       24,155  
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    2,715       2,834  
 
   
     
 
 
Total current assets
    220,421       254,559  
Property, plant and equipment, net
    20,320       18,985  
Other assets
    12,536       8,058  
 
   
     
 
 
Total assets
  $ 253,277     $ 281,602  
 
   
     
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
  $ 33,376     $ 35,084  
Related party payable — Vialta
    1        
Income tax payable and deferred income taxes
    9,362       9,474  
 
   
     
 
 
Total current liabilities
    42,739       44,558  
Non-current deferred tax liability
    7,676       7,676  
 
   
     
 
 
Total liabilities
    50,415       52,234  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
               
Shareholders’ equity:
               
Common stock
    178,004       196,344  
Accumulated other comprehensive income (Note 8)
    294       504  
Retained earnings
    24,564       32,520  
 
   
     
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
    202,862       229,368  
 
   
     
 
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 253,277     $ 281,602  
 
   
     
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

ESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)

                   
      Three Month Ended March 31,
     
      2003   2002
     
 
      (In thousands, except per share data)
Net revenues
  $ 33,147     $ 79,099  
Net revenues from related party — Vialta
    4       16  
 
   
     
 
 
Total net revenues
  $ 33,151     $ 79,115  
Cost of revenues
    23,376       44,839  
 
   
     
 
 
Gross profit
    9,775       34,276  
Operating expenses:
               
 
Research and development
    6,256       6,381  
 
Selling, general and administrative
    6,674       10,356  
 
   
     
 
Operating income (loss)
    (3,155 )     17,539  
Non-operating income (loss), net
    944       (1,267 )
 
   
     
 
Income (loss) before benefit from income taxes
    (2,211 )     16,272  
Benefit from income taxes
    (98 )     (114 )
 
   
     
 
Net income (loss)
  $ (2,113 )   $ 16,386  
 
   
     
 
Net income (loss) per share:
               
 
Basic
  $ (0.05 )   $ 0.37  
 
   
     
 
 
Diluted
  $ (0.05 )   $ 0.34  
 
   
     
 
Shares used in calculating net income (loss) per share:
               
 
Basic
    41,662       44,209  
 
   
     
 
 
Diluted
    41,662       48,331  
 
   
     
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

                         
            Three Months Ended March 31,
           
            2003   2002
           
 
            (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net income (loss)
  $ (2,113 )   $ 16,386  
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
   
Depreciation and amortization
    906       1,815  
   
(Gain) loss on sale of property, plant and equipment
    1       (85 )
   
(Gain) loss from sale of investments
    (32 )     128  
   
Write-down of investments
    350       2,545  
   
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
     
Accounts receivable
    1,483       2,580  
     
Related party receivable — Vialta
    20       (87 )
     
Inventories
    3,069       (49 )
     
Prepaid expenses and other assets
    91       (345 )
     
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (1,708 )     5,214  
     
Related party payable — Vialta
    1       (122 )
     
Income tax payable and deferred income taxes
    (137 )     2,996  
 
   
     
 
       
Net cash provided by operating activities
    1,931       30,976  
 
   
     
 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
    (2,195 )     (116 )
 
Sale of property, plant and equipment
    3       85  
 
Purchase of short-term investments
    (16,570 )     (26,018 )
 
Sale of short-term investments
    7,578       5,000  
 
Purchase of long-term investments
    (5,000 )     (4,200 )
 
Sale of long-term investments
          440  
 
   
     
 
       
Net cash used in investing activities
    (16,184 )     (24,809 )
 
   
     
 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
 
Repurchase of common stock
    (24,431 )     (184 )
 
Issuance of common stock from public offering
          45,181  
 
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan and stock option plans
    248       6,148  
 
   
     
 
       
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (24,183 )     51,145  
 
   
     
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (38,436 )     57,312  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    138,072       96,995  
 
   
     
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 99,636     $ 154,307  
 
   
     
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
               
 
Cash paid for income taxes
  $ (40 )   $ (237 )
 
Cash refund for income taxes
  $ 4     $ 3,340  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents

ESS TECHNOLOGY, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1. NATURE OF BUSINESS

     We are a leading designer, developer and marketer of highly integrated digital processor chips. These chips are the primary processors driving digital video and audio players, including DVD, Video CD (“VCD”) and digital media players. Our chips use multiple processors and a programmable architecture that enable us to offer a broad array of features and functionality. We have also developed an encoding processor to address the growing demand for the digital video recorder (“DVR”) and recordable DVD players. We believe that multi-featured DVD, DVR and recordable DVD players will serve as a platform for the digital home system (“DHS”), integrating various digital home entertainment and information delivery products into a single box. We are also a supplier of chips for use in modems, consumer digital audio and PC Audio products. We outsource all of our chip fabrication and assembly as well as the majority of our test operations, allowing us to focus on our design and development strengths.

     We market our products worldwide through our direct sales force, distributors and sales representatives. Substantially all of our sales are to customers in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Korea, Hungary, Japan and Singapore. We employ sales and support personnel located outside of the United States in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan and Korea to support these international sales efforts. We expect that international sales will continue to represent a significant portion of our net revenues. In addition, substantially all of our products are manufactured, assembled and tested by independent third parties in Asia. We also have a limited number of employees engaged in research and development efforts outside of the United States. There are special risks associated with conducting business outside of the United States.

     ESS was incorporated in California in 1984 and became a public company in 1995. In April 1999, we expanded our business in the semiconductor segment by establishing Vialta, Inc. (“Vialta”), a subsidiary that would operate in the internet segment. In April 2001, our Board of Directors adopted a plan to distribute to our shareholders all of our shares in Vialta. The Vialta spin-off was completed on August 21, 2001. See Note 11, “Related Party Transactions.”

NOTE 2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION

     Our interim condensed consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by us, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principals in the United States (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, as well as the accompanying Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, for the year ended December 31, 2002 included in our annual reports on Form 10-K. Interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for a full year.

Reclassification

     Certain reclassifications are made to prior period financial data to conform with current period presentations.

Use of estimates

     The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Stock-based compensation

     We account for stock-based compensation, including stock options granted under our stock option plans and shares issued under the 1995 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“Purchase Plan”), using the intrinsic value method prescribed in APB No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations. Compensation cost for stock options, if any, is recognized ratably over the vesting periods. Our policy is to grant options under stock option plans with an exercise price equal to the quoted market price of our stock on the grant date. Our policy is to grant purchase options under the Purchase Plan with a purchase price equal to 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the common stock on the enrollment date or on the purchase date. Unless otherwise specified, the purchase dates under the Purchase Plan are on the last business day of each April and October. There were no purchases under the Purchase Plan during this quarter. We provide additional pro forma disclosures as required under SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”) and SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure — an Amendment of FAS No. 123.”

     Our pro forma net income (loss) and pro forma net income (loss) per share would have been as follows had compensation costs for options granted under our stock option plans and shares purchased under our Purchase Plan been determined based on the lower of the fair value on the enrollment date or on the purchase date, respectively, as prescribed in SFAS 123:

                   
      Three Months Ended March 31,
     
      2003   2002
     
 
      (In thousands, except per share
      data)
Net income (loss):
               
 
As reported
  $ (2,113 )   $ 16,386  
 
Amortization of stock compensation expense
    (2,386 )     (2,434 )
 
   
     
 
 
Pro forma
  $ (4,499 )   $ 13,952  
 
 
   
     
 
Net income (loss) per share — basic:
               
 
As reported
  $ (0.05 )   $ 0.37  
 
Pro forma
  $ (0.11 )   $ 0.32  
Net income (loss) per share — diluted:
               
 
As reported
  $ (0.05 )   $ 0.34  
 
Pro forma
  $ (0.11 )   $ 0.29  

     The fair value of each option granted under our stock option plans is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

                 
    Employee Stock Options
   
    Three Months Ended March 31,
   
    2003   2002
   
 
Expected dividend yield
    0.0 %     0.0 %
Weighted average risk-free interest rate
    1.95 %     3.24 %
Expected volatility
    97 %     99 %
Weighted average expected life (in years)
    2.77       3.13  

     Pro forma compensation expense for the purchase date fair value, as defined by SFAS 123, of the purchase rights granted under the Purchase Plan was calculated using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions for three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002:

                 
    1995 Employee Stock Purchase plan
   
    Three Months Ended March 31,
   
    2003   2002
   
 
Expected dividend yield
    0.0 %     0.0 %
Risk-free interest rate
    0.96 %     1.5 %
Expected volatility
    82 %     92 %
Expected life (in months)
    6       6  
Weighted average grant date fair value
  $ 2.06     $ 5.42  

     Because additional option grants are expected to be made from our stock option plans and additional shares are expected to be purchased under the Purchase Plan in the future, the above pro forma disclosures are not representative of pro forma effects on reported net income (loss) for future periods.

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Table of Contents

NOTE 3. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS

                   
      March 31,   December 31,
      2003   2002
     
 
      (In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents:
               
 
Cash and money market accounts
  $ 10,963     $ 14,121  
 
U.S. government notes and bonds
    88,673       123,951  
 
   
     
 
 
  $ 99,636     $ 138,072  
 
 
   
     
 
Short-term investments:
               
 
U.S. government notes and bonds
  $ 69,499     $ 60,426  
 
Marketable equity securities
        $ 46  
 
Unrealized gain (loss) on short-term investment
    520       558  
 
   
     
 
 
  $ 70,019     $ 61,030  
 
 
   
     
 
Accounts receivable:
               
 
Accounts receivable
  $ 27,901     $ 29,384  
 
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts
    (949 )     (949 )
 
   
     
 
 
  $ 26,952     $ 28,435  
 
 
   
     
 
Inventories, net:
               
 
Raw materials
  $ 1,937     $ 12,569  
 
Work-in-process
    6,850       7,138  
 
Finished goods
    12,299       4,448  
 
   
     
 
 
  $ 21,086     $ 24,155  
 
 
   
     
 
Property, plant and equipment, net:
               
 
Land
  $ 2,860     $ 2,860  
 
Building and building improvements
    23,584       23,339  
 
Machinery and equipment
    33,277       31,905  
 
Furniture and fixtures
    13,963       13,482  
 
   
     
 
 
    73,684       71,586  
 
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
    (53,364 )     (52,601 )
 
   
     
 
 
  $ 20,320     $ 18,985  
 
 
   
     
 
Other assets:
               
 
Investments
  $ 8,766     $ 4,266  
 
Covenants not to compete
    2,074       2,074  
 
Technical infrastructure
    199       249  
 
Other
    1,497       1,469  
 
   
     
 
 
  $ 12,536     $ 8,058