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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


Form 10-K

     
(Mark One)
   
þ
  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
    For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
 
or
 
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
    For the transition period from           to

Commission file number 0-26946

INTEVAC, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
California
  94-3125814
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
3560 Bassett Street
Santa Clara, California 95054
(Address of principal executive office, including Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

(408) 986-9888

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

     
Title of each class Name of each Exchange on which registered


none
  none

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Stock (no par value)

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes þ         No o

     Indicate by a check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

     Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes o         No þ

     The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, as of June 29, 2002 was approximately $11,299,000 (based on the closing price for shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock as reported by the NASDAQ National Market System for the last trading day prior to that date). Shares of Common Stock held by each executive officer, director, and holder of 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

     On February 20, 2003 12,179,378 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, no par value, were outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

     Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the 2003 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III. Such proxy statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.




TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I
Item 1. Business
Item 2. Properties
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security-Holders
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters
Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
REPORT OF GRANT THORNTON LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (In thousands)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (In thousands, except per share amounts)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (In thousands)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (In thousands)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SIGNATURES
EXHIBIT 4.3
EXHIBIT 21.1
EXHIBIT 23.1
EXHIBIT 99.1


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     This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties. Words such as “believes,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates” and the like indicate forward-looking statements. These forward looking statements include comments related to projected customer requirements for new capacity and technology upgrades for our installed base of thin-film disk manufacturing equipment and the ability of our products to meet these requirements; the timing of delivery and/or acceptance of our backlog for revenue; the expected features, performance and competitive advantages of products we are developing including LIVAR®, low light level sensors and cameras, Threat Detection and Identification Systems and MDP-200 upgrade systems; and the cost of complying with government regulations. Intevac’s actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements for a variety of reasons, including those set forth under “Certain Factors Which May Affect Future Operating Results.”

PART I

Item 1.     Business

Overview

      Intevac, Inc.’s businesses are organized into three divisions:

  Equipment Products Division (“EPD”) — EPD designs, manufactures and sells complex capital equipment used to manufacture products such as thin-film disks for hard disk drives and flat panel displays.
 
  Photonics Technology Division (“PTD”) — PTD is developing extreme low light level sensors, cameras and systems for sale to military and government markets.
 
  Commercial Imaging Division (“CID”) — CID is developing commercial cameras and systems based on PTD technology.

      Systems sold by the Equipment Products Division (previously referred to as the Memory and Flat Panel Display Divisions) are used to deposit highly engineered thin-films of material on a substrate. Products manufactured with these systems include disks for computer hard disk drives and flat panel displays for use in consumer electronics products. These systems generally utilize proprietary manufacturing techniques and processes and operate under high levels of vacuum. The systems are designed for high-volume continuous operation and use precision robotics, computerized controls and complex software programs to fully automate and control the production process. EPD recorded sales of $27.1 million in 2002, a decrease from $42.7 million in 2001 as a result of lower sales of flat panel display manufacturing equipment. EPD’s rapid thermal processing product line, which accounted for $7.1 million of EPD’s 2002 sales, was sold to Photon Dynamics of San Jose, California in November 2002 for $20 million, which includes $2 million held in escrow. Release of the escrow is contingent upon the occurrence of certain conditions.

      The Photonics Technology Division is developing electro-optical sensors, cameras and systems that permit highly sensitive detection of photons in the visible and infrared portions of the spectrum. Products include LIVAR® systems for detection and positive target identification at long range and extreme low light level sensors and cameras for use in military applications. PTD sales to date consist primarily of contract research and development and prototype products funded by the US government. PTD sales decreased to $6.6 million in 2002 from $8.8 million in 2001 due to a lower level of research and development contract funding in 2002.

      The Commercial Imaging Division (formerly the Intensified Imaging Division) was formed in July 2002 with the charter of developing products based on PTD technology for sale to commercial markets. To date CID’s activities have consisted of market and product development, and accounted for $1.7 million, or 9%, of Intevac’s 2002 operating expenses. CID also assumed responsibility from PTD for activities related to the development of photodiodes for use in high-speed fiber optic systems. Further development of these photodiodes, which accounted for $0.5 million of CID’s 2002 operating expenses, was suspended at the end of 2002 due to weak market conditions in the telecommunications industry.

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      We were incorporated in October 1990 in California. Our principal executive offices are located at 3560 Bassett Street, Santa Clara, California 95054, and our phone number is (408) 986-9888. Our Internet home page is located at www.intevac.com; however the information in, or that can be accessed through, our home page is not part of this report. Our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to such reports are available, free of charge, on or through our Internet home page as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Equipment Products Division

     Description of Business

      The thin-film disk deposition equipment portion of the Equipment Products Division was acquired from Varian Associates of Palo Alto, California in 1991. EPD developed a system, the MDP-250, for the deposition of magnetic films and protective overcoats onto thin-film disks used in computer hard disk drives (“HDD’s”). The MDP-250 gained wide acceptance and by the late 1990’s was being used in the manufacture of approximately half of the disks used in HDD’s worldwide. Sales of new MDP-250 systems peaked in 1997 and fell to zero by the middle of 1998 as the result of excess disk production capacity. Sales of MDP-250 systems for use in manufacturing remained depressed until the second half of 2002 when we received orders for 2 MDP-250 systems, which we delivered and recorded as revenue in 2002. Since the middle of 1998, our disk manufacturing equipment revenues have resulted primarily from the sale of R&D systems and technology upgrades, parts and service for the installed base of MDP-250 systems. We believe that there are approximately ninety MDP-250’s currently in use in production and R&D applications. We have sold both new and used MDP-250 systems in varying configurations at prices ranging from $1 million to greater than $3 million.

      The disk manufacturing industry has now consolidated into a small number of large manufacturers. We believe the majority of our active customers now utilize most of their capacity and that there is significant potential for these customers to both resume adding capacity and to upgrade the technical capability of their installed base to permit production of high density disks for perpendicular recording rather than the current longitudinal technology. However, we are not able to accurately predict when our customers will begin placing significant equipment orders again, or if they will place those orders with us, and this subjects Intevac to extreme uncertainty in projecting our 2003 revenue.

      During 2002 EPD also offered two types of products for sale for use in the manufacture of flat panel displays (“FPD’s”):

  D-STAR® systems, which are used to apply thin-films onto substrates.
 
  Rapid thermal processing systems, which are used to change the properties of a previously applied thin-film by thermally processing it at temperatures that would otherwise distort or destroy the underlying glass substrate.

      During 2002 EPD recognized $0.1 million in revenue from the sale of D-STAR® parts. As of December 31, 2002 EPD had installed upgrades on five D-STAR® systems installed in 2001 and installed one new D-STAR® system at customer factories in Japan, which had not yet been accepted by the customer or recognized as a sale by EPD. These systems accounted for $9.9 million of the inventory and $11.1 million of the backlog of orders we reported at December 31, 2002. EPD recognized $7.1 million of revenue in 2002 from the sale of rapid thermal processing systems, prior to the sale of the rapid thermal processing product line to Photon Dynamics in November 2002.

     Deposition Equipment for Disk Manufacturing

      Intevac has delivered approximately 112 MDP-250 disk manufacturing systems to customers including Fuji Electric, Fujitsu Limited, Hitachi, Komag, Maxtor, Mitsubishi, Nippon Sheet Glass, Seagate Technology, Sony and Trace Storage Technology. Intevac’s systems are used by disk manufacturers to apply thin layers of undercoats, magnetic alloys and protective overcoats to disks used in computer hard disk drives. We

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believe that Intevac systems are used to manufacture approximately half the worldwide supply of these disks. The mechanical design of the MDP-250 family has characteristics similar to the cluster tools widely used in semiconductor manufacturing in that each of the twelve process stations is separately vacuum pumped and vacuum isolated. The MDP-250 does not require a carrier or pallet to transport disks through the system. Rather, disks are automatically loaded into the system from cassettes, processed, and then automatically returned to the cassette. Intevac offers a number of process station options, including multiple options for the deposition of thin-films and carbon overcoats, heating stations, cooling stations and cleaning stations. Furthermore, these twelve process stations can be easily reconfigured to accommodate process changes.

      The rapid increase in areal density in computer memory storage is requiring the thin-films deposited by our MDP-250 series of equipment to become more complex. This complexity and new technologies such as perpendicular recording, are leading to the need for both new process capabilities and a need for more than twelve process stations. To answer the need for more process stations, Intevac introduced the MDP-200 series of equipment, a modular add-on system that allows manufacturers to seamlessly integrate additional process stations onto their MDP-250 system. The MDP-200 provides the capability to process disks through process stations serially or in parallel, giving manufacturers flexibility to integrate process steps with different process times. Intevac has also developed a suite of system upgrades (MDP-250B+ upgrades) that allow manufacturers to upgrade the vacuum level, speed and control systems of their installed base of MDP-250 systems.

      We have started development on a second generation stand-alone MDP-200, which is being developed to be compatible with existing media technology and next generation perpendicular media technology.

     Deposition Equipment for Flat Panel Display Manufacturing

      The manufacture of several types of flat panel displays, such as active matrix liquid crystal displays, require the deposition of thin-film layers of different materials onto a glass substrate. Intevac’s D-STAR® sputtering systems are designed to uniformly coat thin-films on substrates up to approximately one-meter square. Deposition materials include metals such as aluminum and chromium (used as conductors), silicon (for transistor applications), indium tin oxide (used as a transparent conductor) and complex oxides of materials such as magnesium and tantalum. Process modules are positioned around a central handling module designed to provide high throughput. Up to four back-to-back modules, each containing two vacuum isolated chambers, can be attached directly to the central handler unit. Additional back-to-back modules may also be attached in series to provide further process flexibility and capacity. Typically one or two modules are devoted to load/unload and the remaining positions are configured as dedicated process stations. Substrates are loaded into the system by a robot and then held on edge in a vertical orientation as they are processed. Vertical substrate handling allows for a relatively small system footprint, optimizes particulate control and reduces flexing of the substrate.

     Rapid Thermal Processing Equipment for Flat Panel Display Manufacturing

      Intevac sold its rapid thermal processing (“RTP”) product line to Photon Dynamics in November 2002. These RTP systems are used to rapidly modify the characteristics of thin-films deposited on glass substrates used in the manufacture of flat panel displays. The RTP systems employ rapid transient heating, which provides lower cost of ownership and higher throughput as compared to furnace and laser processing techniques. The RTP systems are typically used for thin-film activation after ion implant in the manufacture of low temperature polysilicon displays. Intevac’s RTP system customers included Sanyo, Sharp, Sony, Toppoly, ERSO and a joint venture of Sony and Toyota.

     Electron Beam Processing Equipment

      In December 1999, Intevac implemented a plan to terminate its electron beam product line. The plan included the delivery of the three electron beam systems on order, closure of the Hayward facility where the systems were manufactured and a $1.6 million charge related to the plan. In March 2000, we sold the electron beam business to Quemex Technology, Ltd. and Quemex assumed responsibility for Intevac’s Hayward

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facility. Intevac retained rights to the three systems on order, which were subsequently sold during 2000 and 2001.

     Distribution

      Domestic equipment sales are made by EPD’s direct sales force. International sales are made either by EPD’s direct sales force, or by distributors and representatives that provide services such as sales, installation, warranty and customer support. Intevac also has a subsidiary in Singapore to support EPD’s customers in Southeast Asia. Through the second quarter of 2000, we marketed our flat panel manufacturing equipment to the Far East through its Japanese joint venture, IMAT. During the third quarter of 2000 Intevac and its joint venture partner, Matsubo, transferred IMAT’s activities and employees to Matsubo, which became a distributor of EPD’s flat panel products, and shut down the operations of IMAT.

      The selling process for EPD’s products is a multi-level and long-term process involving individuals from marketing, engineering, operations, customer service and senior management. The process involves making samples for the prospective customer and responding to individual needs for moderate levels of machine customization. Installing and integrating new equipment requires a substantial investment by a customer. Sales of EPD’s systems depend, in significant part, upon the decision of a prospective customer to replace obsolete equipment or to increase manufacturing capacity by upgrading or expanding existing manufacturing facilities or constructing new manufacturing facilities, all of which typically involve a significant capital commitment. Therefore, customers often require a significant number of product presentations and demonstrations before making a purchasing decision. Accordingly, EPD’s systems typically have a lengthy sales cycle, during which EPD may expend substantial funds and management time and effort with no assurance that a sale will result.

     Competition

      The principal competitive factors affecting the markets for EPD’s products include price, product performance and functionality, integration and manageability of products, customer support and service, reputation and reliability. EPD’s products experience intense competition worldwide from competitors including Anelva Corporation, Ulvac Japan, Ltd. and Unaxis Holdings, Ltd., each of which have sold substantial numbers of systems worldwide. Anelva, Ulvac and Unaxis all have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing, manufacturing and other resources than Intevac. There can be no assurance that EPD’s competitors will not develop enhancements to, or future generations of, competitive products that offer superior price or performance features or that new competitors will not enter EPD’s markets and develop such enhanced products.

      Given the lengthy sales cycle and the significant investment required to integrate equipment into the manufacturing process, Intevac believes that once a manufacturer has selected a particular supplier’s equipment for a specific application, that manufacturer generally relies upon that supplier’s equipment and frequently will continue to purchase any additional equipment for that application from the same supplier. Accordingly, competition for customers in the equipment industry is intense, and suppliers of equipment may offer substantial pricing concessions and incentives to attract new customers or retain existing customers.

     Backlog

      EPD’s backlog was $15.0 million and $26.5 million at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively. Sales of RTP systems in 2002 and the sale of the rapid thermal processing product line accounted for $7.4 million of the decrease. The balance of the decrease resulted from a lower backlog of disk manufacturing equipment. The majority of this backlog is scheduled for delivery and/or acceptance during the first half of 2003. $11.1 million of the backlog at December 31, 2002 relates to a D-STAR® system and a number of D-STAR® upgrades that are installed at the customer’s site and undergoing final installation and acceptance testing. The balance of the backlog consists of parts and upgrades for disk manufacturing equipment. Intevac includes in its backlog only those customer orders for which it has accepted signed purchase orders with assigned delivery dates. The equipment requirements of Intevac’s customers cannot be

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determined with accuracy, and therefore our backlog at any certain date may not be indicative of future demand for Intevac’s products.

     Customer Support

      EPD provides process and applications support, customer training, installation, start-up assistance and emergency service support to its customers. Process and applications support is provided by EPD’s equipment process engineers, who also visit customers at their plants to assist in process development projects. Intevac conducts training classes for process engineers, machine operators and machine service personnel. Additional training is also given during the machine installation.

      EPD generally provides a one-year warranty on its equipment. During this warranty period any necessary non-consumable parts are supplied and installed. Intevac employees provide field service support primarily in the United States, Singapore and Malaysia. In other countries, field service support is provided by Intevac’s distributors and sales representatives, supplemented by Intevac factory support. Intevac and its distributors stock consumables and spare parts to support the installed base of systems. These parts are generally available on a 24-hour per day basis.

     Manufacturing

      All of Intevac’s EPD manufacturing is conducted at its facility in Santa Clara, California. EPD’s manufacturing operations include electromechanical assembly, mechanical and vacuum assembly, fabrication of the sputter sources and system assembly, alignment and testing. Intevac makes extensive use of the infrastructure serving the semiconductor equipment business. EPD purchases vacuum pumps, valves, instrumentation and fittings, power supplies, printed wiring board assemblies, computers and control circuitry and custom mechanical parts made by forging, machining and welding. Until its closure in September 2002, EPD’s fabrication center manufactured a portion of the fabricated parts used in EPD products and also fabricated parts for commercial customers. We plan during 2003 to replace the fabrication center with a smaller model shop that will support Intevac’s engineering departments and make some of the parts used in Intevac products.

     Working Capital

      The production of large complex systems requires EPD to make significant investments in inventory both to fulfil customer orders and to maintain adequate supplies of spare parts to service previously shipped systems. EPD typically requires its customers to pay for systems in three installments, with a portion of the system price billed upon receipt of an order, a portion of the system price billed upon shipment, and the balance of the system price and any sales tax due upon completing installation and acceptance of the system at the customer’s factory. All customer product payments are recorded as customer advances pending revenue recognition. EPD also maintains an inventory of spare parts at our Singapore subsidiary to support our customers in Singapore and Malaysia. EPD’s inventories at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively, were $15.1 million and $21.0 million. EPD’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively, were $3.3 million and $6.4 million. EPD’s customer advances at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively, were $12.3 million and $13.5 million.

Photonics Technology Division

     Description of Business

      The Photonics Technology Division’s products have been developed by a team that initially began working together in the 1980’s in the Varian central research labs and night vision business unit. When Intevac was formed in 1991, it acquired Varian’s night vision business, and the related Varian central research lab activities and technology. The central research lab group became part of the R&D department for Intevac’s night vision business and continued to develop Intevac’s photocathode technology. In 1995, Intevac sold its night vision business to Litton Industries. However, the technical team remained at Intevac and formed PTD. Since 1995 PTD has been further developing its technology, with the majority of its activities being funded by

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R&D contracts from the United States Government and its contractors. During this period PTD has also worked collaboratively with other research organizations, including Stanford University, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory. PTD is developing electro-optical sensors, cameras and systems that permit highly sensitive detection of photons in the visible and infrared portions of the spectrum. Products include LIVAR® systems for positive target identification at long range and extreme low light level sensors and cameras for use in military applications.

     LIVAR® Sensor Technology

      PTD develops and manufactures compact electro-optical sensors that permit highly sensitive detection of photons in the visible and infrared portions of the spectrum. One of these sensors is an Electron Bombarded Charge Coupled Device (“EBCCD”) which was originally developed under a cost-sharing Technology Development Agreement with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (“DARPA”) from 1996 to 1998. The sensor consists of a photocathode integrated with a charge-coupled device (“CCD”) imager. When photons strike the photocathode, electrons are emitted and electrically accelerated. The electrons then illuminate the CCD imager, which in turn outputs a high resolution, low noise video signal. These devices are extraordinarily sensitive to infrared light with wavelengths just beyond the visible spectrum and are used in PTD’s LIVAR® target identification system.

     EBAPS® Sensor Technology

      A second type of sensor incorporates the same basic technology described above; however, the module contains a Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (“CMOS”) imager instead of a CCD chip. This Electron Bombarded Active Pixel Sensor (“EBAPS®”) imager development was initially funded under a cost sharing project awarded to Intevac by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. This EBAPS® imager has comparable sensitivity to generation three night vision technology, but in a more compact package that offers video rate digital output, rather than the direct view “green glow” image provided by traditional night vision tubes. PTD’s objective is to reduce the cost of the EBAPS® sensor to significantly less than the cost of a traditional generation three night vision device. At this cost we believe that large available markets for military head mounted displays, homeland defense, law enforcement and commercial security applications can be addressed. Late in 2002 PTD was awarded an $860,000 contract from Science Application International Corporation (“SAIC”) to develop a prototype miniature camera based on its EBAPS® technology for head mounted display applications for the US Army.

     LIVAR® System Technology

      Intevac integrated its EBCCD sensor with a laser illuminator to create its Laser Illuminated Viewing and Ranging system (“LIVAR®”). The LIVAR® system is similar to RADAR, but with a number of improvements. The illuminator is an eye safe laser, rather than a microwave source, and the reflected signal is displayed as a digital video image, rather than as a blip. This enables real time, high-resolution imagery for target identification at much longer ranges than was previously possible.

      The potential benefit of the LIVAR® system is clear for military conflicts like those in Kosovo and Afghanistan. In such conflicts, casualties to US servicemen are politically unacceptable, and it is preferable for aircraft to operate at high altitudes where they are relatively safe from ground launched missile attacks. It is also unacceptable to inflict collateral damage to the other sides’ civilians or to other untargeted assets. However, these goals are mutually exclusive unless capability exists for positively identifying potential targets from long ranges.

      Currently the military uses several means for target location and identification including forward-looking infrared systems and RADAR. While these systems can detect targets at relatively long ranges, the resolution is poor, and positive identification is difficult, or impossible. The LIVAR® system complements existing FLIR and RADAR technology and enables long-range target identification in addition to target detection.

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     LIVAR® Products

      The first military program planning the widespread deployment of LIVAR® was approved late in 2001. PTD is under contract for the development phase of the program, and limited production is expected to commence in late 2003.

      Early in 2002 PTD delivered a manportable LIVAR® demonstrator unit to the US Army. Later in 2002 PTD announced the LIVAR 2200 product line which was derived from the original Army prototype system. The LIVAR 2200 is a man-portable, tripod mounted system.

      PTD is also under contract from DRS Sensor Systems, Inc. to integrate LIVAR® into the Army’s Cost Effective Targeting System (“CETS”). CETS is an autonomous gimbal-mounted sensor suite for unmanned ground vehicles.

      PTD cameras utilizing LIVAR® technology have been designed into the Airborne Laser (“ABL”) system being developed by a team consisting of the US Air Force, Boeing, Lockheed Martin and TRW. The ABL is an airborne system designed to shoot down missiles at ranges of up to 200 kilometers with high power lasers. Each ABL system includes three Intevac LIVAR® cameras, which are used to provide targeting data to the laser. The first ABL-equipped prototype flew in 2002, and field deployment of the ABL system is currently scheduled for 2008.

     Customers

      PTD’s contracts are generally issued by a government agency or by companies working under government contract. PTD’s customers include Advanced Scientific Concepts, DRS Sensors Systems, Lockheed Martin, Northrop Grumman, Raytheon, SAIC and the US Army Communications-Electronics Command (“CECOM”). PTD’s customers generally develop systems, which incorporate PTD’s products, over very long periods of time, generally a number of years, after which they begin production, provided the system development is successfull and production is funded by the contracting agency. PTD’s primary objective is to secure production subcontracts once its customers’ products have reached the production stage. Long term growth in PTD revenues and profits is dependent on PTD developing a production business in which the majority of revenue is derived from the sale of products, rather than from contract research and development.

     Distribution

      PTD markets directly to its customers and its selling process involves the solicitation of contracts and subcontracts from government agencies and from government contractors and subcontractors. A majority of contracts are bid at cost plus a fee, other contracts are bid at a fixed price, and some contracts are bid on a cost-sharing basis. The sales process involves government procurement regulations and sales are dependent on the continuing availability of government funding for our research programs. Future production orders for Intevac’s military products are dependent on future government funding of weapons systems that utilize Intevac products such as LIVAR®.

     Competition

      Competitors exist for our products and a number of these competitors have greater resources than Intevac. For example, ITT Industries and Northrop Grumman, who are large and well-established defense contractors, are the primary U.S. manufacturers of generation three night vision devices and their derivative products. Our extreme low light level cameras are intended to displace some generation three night vision based products and we expect that ITT Industries and Northrop Grumman will continue to enhance the performance of their products and aggressively promote continued sales of their products. There are also a number of international companies that manufacture night vision devices and products with a varying range of performance and price that may compete with our products. Furthermore, Raytheon, Lockheed Martin, FLIR Systems and Wescam manufacture cooled infrared systems. Our LIVAR® target identification products will compete with these cooled infrared systems and target detection and identification systems offered by these and other manufacturers. In order to effectively compete with these manufacturers, Intevac will need to

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develop products on a cost-effective and timely basis that will offer attractive features and pricing relative to the products offered by our competitors.

      Additionally, we expect that the sales of most of our products will be made through subcontracts to primary contractors. The degree of gross profit that can be generated under a subcontract is a function of the relative proportion of the primary contractor’s end product that we manufacture under our subcontract. This relative proportion is negotiated on a contract by contract basis. For example, in a LIVAR® system, if we only provide the LIVAR® sensor and related electronics, then our revenue and gross profit will be less than if we provide the sensor and related electronics, the laser illuminator, the lens, the display and the integration of these and any other necessary components.

     Backlog

      PTD’s backlog was $3.2 million and $4.1 million at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively. PTD’s backlog consists primarily of research contracts. Many of PTD’s research contracts are multiyear programs, which are released in multiple phases. PTD only includes in backlog the portion of each program that has been funded, and whose funding has been released to PTD by the contracting agency. The majority of PTD’s backlog at December 31, 2002 is scheduled for completion during the first half of 2003.

     Manufacturing

      PTD’s research and manufacturing operations are located in approximately 26,000 square feet of space at Intevac’s Santa Clara headquarters. Laboratories and clean room facilities account for approximately 15,000 square feet of this space. PTD’s manufacturing operations include the manufacture of advanced photocathodes and sensors, lasers, cameras and integrated camera systems. PTD makes extensive use of advanced manufacturing techniques and equipment, and its operations include vacuum, electromechanical and optical system assembly. PTD makes use of the infrastructure serving the semiconductor, camera and optics manufacturing industries. In manufacturing its sensors, PTD purchases wafers, components, processing supplies and chemicals. In manufacturing its camera systems, PTD purchases printed circuit boards, electromechanical components and assemblies, mechanical components and enclosures, optical components and computers.

     Working Capital

      PTD generally invoices its R&D customers either as costs are incurred, or as program milestones are achieved, depending upon contract terms. As a government contractor, PTD invoices customers using estimated annual rates approved by the Defense Contracts Audit Agency (“DCAA”). A majority of PTD’s contracts are Cost Plus Fixed Fee (“CPFF”) contracts. 15% of the “Fee” on any CPFF contract is withheld pending completion of the program and DCAA’s annual audit of Intevac’s actual rates. The withheld portion of the Fee is included in accounts receivable and totaled $157,000 as of December 31, 2002 and $125,000 as of December 31, 2001. PTD’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively, were $1.7 million and $1.7 million. PTD’s inventory consists of component parts used in the manufacture of its sensors, material, labor and overhead charged to research and development contracts that has not yet been billed to the customer and LIVAR® parts and assemblies. PTD’s inventories at December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001, respectively, were $0.8 million and $0.7 million.

Commercial Imaging Division

     Description of Business

      The Commercial Imaging Division (formerly the Intensified Imaging Division) was formed in July 2002 with the charter of developing commercial products based on PTD technology. CID’s initial product offerings will include low light level video cameras and Threat Detection and Identification Systems (“TDIS”).

      To date CID’s activities have consisted of market and product development and accounted for $1.7 million, or 9%, of Intevac’s 2002 operating expenses. CID also assumed responsibility from PTD for

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activities related to the development of photodiodes for use in high-speed fiber optic systems. Future development of these photodiodes, which accounted for $0.5 million of CID’s 2002 operating expenses, was suspended at the end of 2002 due to weak market conditions in the telecommunications industry. Existing photodiode products remain available for sale to customers.

     Products

      CID expects to begin the manufacture and sale of commercial products in the second half of 2003. During 2002 CID began development efforts on core camera modules that will serve as the basis for CID products. Starting with low light level compact video cameras targeting closed circuit television (“CCTV”) systems, CID plans to offer generation III capability at a significantly lower price. In addition, networked cameras will be introduced to leverage communication infrastructure, providing customers with remote monitoring.

      Building on PTD’s LIVAR® technology, CID plans to announce its Threat Detection and Identification Systems product line later in 2003. CID’s TDIS systems plan to harness the long-range capabilities of active eye safe imaging developed by PTD, coupled with the latest digital processing and communication developments. The TDIS systems plan to offer scaleable solutions to government and private industry customers that require surveillance for large outdoor areas and perimeters, such as borders, ports, airports and water districts. These systems are expected to offer cost benefits over today’s conventional CCTV solutions. CID is developing systems for medium-range applications (up to one kilometer) to very long-range applications (up to 3 kilometers) which are expected to allow customers to identify threats with high-resolution imagery while minimizing false alarms.

     Distribution

      CID plans to distribute its products through direct sales, value-added resellers and by teaming with complementary large companies that have established distribution networks in place. CID’s near term focus targets direct sales to government agencies responsible for securing the nation’s infrastructure and transportation systems. To date, CID has directly approached several agencies that report to the Department of Homeland Security with proposals to act as the primary contractor for medium to large area surveillance systems.

     Competition

      Well established competitors exist for CID’s products and a number of these competitors have greater resources than Intevac. CID’s products will sell in competition with products derived from military night vision tube technology and produced by companies such as ITT Industries, with uncooled forward looking infrared cameras and other target detection and identification systems produced by companies such as FLIR Systems and Wescam, with products based on electron multiplied charge coupled devices manufactured by companies such as E2V and Texas Instruments, and with color CCTV cameras offered by numerous manufacturers that are less expensive, but offer significantly less low light capability. In order to effectively compete with these manufacturers, CID will need to develop products on a cost-effective and timely basis that will offer attractive features and pricing relative to the products offered by our competitors.

     Backlog

      CID had no backlog as of December 31, 2002.

     Manufacturing

      The EPD and PTD manufacturing organizations will initially manufacture CID’s products.

     Working Capital

      CID had no inventory, accounts receivable or customer advances at December 31, 2002.

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Research and Development

      Intevac’s products serve markets characterized by rapid technological change and evolving industry standards. Intevac routinely invests substantial amounts in research and development and expects to continue an active development program. Our research and development expenses were $10.8 million, $14.5 million and $10.6 million, respectively, in 2002, 2001, and 2000. Research and development expenses represented 32%, 28% and 29%, respectively, of net revenues in 2002, 2001 and 2000. Research and development spending declined during 2002 as the result of the completion during 2001 of the design activities related to development of the D-STAR®, RTP and MDP-200 platforms, partially offset by an increase in CID and PTD research and development.

      Research and development expenses do not include costs of $5.2 million, $8.0 million and $6.0 million in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, related to PTD contract research and development which are included in cost of goods sold. Research and development expenses also do not include costs of $0.3 million, $0.5 million and $0.7 million incurred by EPD in 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively, and reimbursed under the terms of research and development cost sharing agreements related to development of disk and flat panel manufacturing equipment.

Customer Concentration

      Historically, a significant portion of our revenue in any particular period has been attributable to sales to a limited number of customers. In 2002, Seagate, Toppoly, and the US Army Communications-Electronics Command each accounted for more than 10% of Intevac’s consolidated revenues, and in aggregate accounted for 74% of net revenue. In 2001, equipment sales through Matsubo, our Japanese distributor, accounted for 49% of net revenues. In 2000, MMC Technology, Seagate, Westt and Matsubo each accounted for more than 10% of Intevac’s consolidated revenues and in aggregate accounted for 56% of net revenues. Intevac’s largest customers change from period to period, and it is expected that sales of its products to relatively few customers will continue to account for a high percentage of its net revenues in the foreseeable future.

      Foreign sales accounted for 52% of revenues in 2002, 73% of revenues in 2001, and 27% of revenues in 2000. The majority of Intevac’s foreign sales are to companies in the Far East and we anticipate that sales to customers in the Far East will continue to be a significant portion of our EPD revenues.

Patents and Licensing

      Intevac currently holds 28 patents issued in the United States and 26 patents issued in foreign countries, and has patent applications pending in the United States and foreign countries. Of the 28 U.S. patents, 15 relate to disk and flat panel equipment and 13 relate to photonics. Of the foreign patents, 13 relate to disk equipment and flat panel equipment and 13 relate to photonics. In addition, Intevac has the right to utilize certain patents under licensing arrangements with Litton Industries, Stanford University, Lawrence Livermore Laboratories and Alum Rock Technology.

Employees

      At December 31, 2002, Intevac had 136 employees, including 4 contract employees. 71 of these employees were in research and development, 33 in manufacturing, and 32 in administration, customer support and marketing. Of the 136 employees, 69 were in EPD, 38 were in PTD, 13 were in CID and 16 were in Corporate.

Compliance with Environmental Regulations

      We are subject to a variety of governmental regulations relating to the use, storage, discharge, handling, emission, generation, manufacture, treatment and disposal of toxic or otherwise hazardous substances, chemicals, materials or waste. We treat the cost of complying with government regulations and operating a safe workplace as a normal cost of business and allocate the cost of these activities to all functions, except where the cost of those activities can be isolated and charged to a specific function. We believe the

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environmental standards and regulations promulgated by government agencies in Santa Clara, California are rigorous and set a high standard of compliance for Intevac. We believe our costs of compliance with these regulations and standards are comparable to other companies operating similar facilities in Santa Clara, California.

Certain Factors Which May Affect Future Operating Results

 
Revenue generated by our businesses during 2003 may not provide sufficient gross profit to cover operating and interest expenses.

      A significant increase in the sales of disk manufacturing equipment and/or deposition equipment for the manufacture of flat panel displays and/or photonics-based revenues will be necessary for Intevac to be able to generate sufficient gross profit to offset expected operating and net interest expenses during 2003. The majority of our revenues and gross profit have historically been derived from sales of disk manufacturing equipment and deposition and rapid thermal processing equipment for the manufacture of flat panel displays. Our sales of disk manufacturing equipment have been severely depressed since the middle of 1998. While we believe that the disk manufacturing industry will need to make substantial investments to upgrade its productive capacity, the timing of this investment is uncertain and there can be no assurance that it will happen, or that we will be selected to provide these upgrades. We sold our rapid thermal processing product line to Photon Dynamics in November 2002, a product line which accounted for $7.1 million of our net revenues during 2002. Additionally, other than for products that are already shipped and undergoing installation and acceptance testing, we have no current backlog of orders for deposition products for the manufacture of flat panel displays. PTD has yet to earn an annual profit. Failure to generate sufficient net revenues and gross profit in 2003 to offset operating and interest expenses would have an adverse effect on our business, net worth and cash.

 
We sell our equipment products to a small number of large customers. Competition is intense and loss of one of those customers would significantly reduce potential future revenues.

      We experience intense competition in EPD. For example, our disk and flat panel products experience competition worldwide from competitors including Anelva Corporation, Ulvac Japan, Ltd. and Unaxis Holdings, Ltd., each of which has sold substantial numbers of systems worldwide. Anelva, Ulvac and Unaxis all have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing, manufacturing and other resources than we do. There can be no assurance that our competitors will not develop enhancements to, or future generations of, competitive products that will offer superior price or performance features or that new competitors will not enter our markets and develop such enhanced products. Accordingly, competition for our customers is intense, and suppliers of equipment may offer substantial pricing concessions and incentives to attract our customers or retain existing customers. The loss of any one of our large customers would significantly reduce potential future revenues.

 
We may not have the financial resources to repurchase our convertible notes if one of the events giving holders the right to require us to repurchase their notes occurs.

      Certain events give holders of our convertible notes, including both our convertible notes due 2004 (“2004 Notes”) and convertible notes due 2009 (“2009 Notes”), the right to require us to repurchase their notes. These events include the termination of trading of our common stock or a transaction that results in a change in control (which includes a person acquiring beneficial ownership of greater than 50% of our shares, a merger or consolidation, the sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or a change in the majority of our directors). In the case of the 2009 Notes only, a distribution to our common stock holders of all the capital stock of a subsidiary that at the time constitutes our Photonics business will also give the holders of the 2009 Notes the right to require us to repurchase their 2009 Notes. If one of these designated events were to occur, we may not have enough funds to pay the repurchase price for all notes for which repurchase is requested. Moreover, any future credit agreements or other debt agreements may prohibit such a repurchase, or may provide that such a repurchase constitutes an event of default under that debt agreement. If we are put in a position where one of these designated events has occurred but we are prohibited from repurchasing the notes, we could seek the consent of our lenders to repurchase the notes in question, or could attempt to

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refinance the debt agreements. If we do not obtain the lenders consent, we could not repurchase the notes, which would constitute an event of default under the particular indenture governing those notes, which might in turn also constitute an event of default under the terms of our other debt.
 
The majority of our future revenue is dependent on new products. If these new products are not successful, then our results of operations will be severely impacted.

      We have invested heavily, and continue to invest, in the development of new products. PTD’s LIVAR® target identification and low light level camera technologies are designed to offer significantly improved capability to military customers. EPD’s D-STAR® deposition tool for flat panel display manufacturing is intended to displace products offered by competing manufacturers. EPD continues to invest heavily to develop products for the thin-film disk manufacturing industry. CID is developing commercial products based on the technology developed by PTD. These businesses will require substantial further investment in sales and marketing, in product development and in additional production facilities. There can be no assurance that we will succeed in these activities and generate significant sales of products. Failure of any of these products to perform as intended, to penetrate their markets and develop into profitable product lines would have an adverse effect on our business.

 
Demand for capital equipment is cyclical, which subjects our business to long periods of depressed revenues interspersed with periods of unusually high revenues.

      EPD sells equipment to capital intensive industries, which sell commodity products such as disk drives and flat panel displays. These industries operate with high fixed costs. When demand for these commodity products exceeds capacity, demand for new capital equipment such as ours tends to be amplified. When supply of these commodity products exceeds demand, the demand for new capital equipment such as ours tends to be depressed. The cyclical nature of the capital equipment industry means that in some years sales of new systems by us will be unusually high, and that in other years sales of new systems by us will be severely depressed. Sales of systems for thin-film disk production have been severely depressed since the middle of 1998, and continue to be depressed. Failure to anticipate or respond quickly to the industry business cycle could have an adverse effect on our business.

 
      Our significant amount of debt could have a negative effect on us and on our security holders.

      We have $1.0 million of convertible notes due in 2004 and $29.6 million of convertible notes due in 2009 outstanding. The aggregate $30.6 million of convertible notes commits us to substantial principal and interest obligations. Our significant amount of debt could harm Intevac and holders of our common stock and convertible notes in many ways, including:

  •  reducing the funds available to finance our business operations and for other corporate purposes because a portion of our cash flow from operations must be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on our debt;
 
  •  impairing our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or general corporate purposes;
 
  •  placing us at a competitive disadvantage because we are substantially more leveraged than certain of our competitors;
 
  •  hindering our ability to adjust rapidly to changing market conditions; and
 
  •  making us more vulnerable financially in the event of a further downturn in general economic conditions or in our business.

      Our ability to meet our debt service obligations will depend on our future operating performance and cash flow. Our operating performance and cash flow, in part, are subject to business, financial and economic factors beyond our control.

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      We may undertake significant additional financing transactions in order to maintain sufficient cash to conduct our operations.

      We may need to obtain additional financing to fund our future operations, and we may seek to raise additional funds through a variety of alternative sources, including the sale of additional securities or from other financing arrangements or asset sales. Our board of directors has from time to time considered a number of possible transactions. Such transactions might include:

  •  selling off a portion of our assets to raise additional capital;
 
  •  undertaking a rights offering to obtain financing from our existing shareholders;
 
  •  attempting to raise additional equity through public or private offerings;
 
  •  attempting to raise additional debt financing; or
 
  •  obtaining a line of credit.

      We may undertake one or more of these transactions. We do not know whether we will be able to complete any of these transactions on a timely basis, on terms satisfactory to us, or at all. For example, we may not have access to new capital in the public or private markets until our results of operations improve, if at all. In addition, some of these transactions may result in significant dilution to our existing security holders or impairment of their rights. Nonetheless, if we are unable to complete one or more of these transactions, our ability to maintain our ongoing operations, and to pay principal and interest in cash on our outstanding notes when due, may be jeopardized.

 
      Our business is subject to rapid technical change, which requires us to continually develop new products in order to sustain and grow our revenue.

      Our ability to remain competitive requires substantial investments in research and development. The failure to develop, manufacture and market new systems, or to enhance existing systems, would have an adverse effect on our business. From time to time, we have experienced delays in the introduction of, and technical difficulties with, some of our systems and enhancements. Our future success in developing and selling equipment will depend upon a variety of factors, including our ability to accurately predict future customer requirements, technological advances, cost of ownership, our introduction of new products on schedule, cost-effective manufacturing and product performance in the field. Our new product decisions and development commitments must anticipate continuously evolving industry requirements significantly in advance of sales. Any failure to accurately predict customer requirements and to develop new generations of products to meet those requirements would have an adverse effect on our business.

 
      Our products are complex, constantly evolving and are often designed and manufactured to individual customer requirements that require additional engineering.

      EPD systems have a large number of components and are highly complex. We may experience delays and technical and manufacturing difficulties in future introductions or volume production of new systems or enhancements. In addition, some of the systems that we manufacture must be customized to meet individual customer site or operating requirements. We have limited manufacturing capacity and engineering resources and may be unable to complete the development, manufacture and shipment of these products, or to meet the required technical specifications for these products, in a timely manner. Such delays could lead to rescheduling of orders in backlog or, in extreme situations, to cancellation of orders. In addition, we may incur substantial unanticipated costs early in a product’s life cycle, such as increased engineering, manufacturing, installation and support costs, that we may be unable to pass on to the customer. In some instances, we depend upon a sole supplier or a limited number of suppliers for complex components or sub-assemblies utilized in our products. Any of these factors could adversely affect our business.

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      The sales of our disk and flat panel products are dependent on substantial capital investment by our customers, far in excess of the cost of our products.

      The purchase of our systems, and the purchase of other related equipment and facilities, requires extremely large capital expenditures by our customers. These costs are far in excess of the cost of our systems alone. The magnitude of such capital expenditures requires that our customers have access to large amounts of capital and that they be willing to invest that capital over long periods of time to be able to purchase our equipment. Some of our potential customers, particularly those that would otherwise purchase our disk manufacturing products, may not be willing, or able, to make the magnitude of capital investment required.

 
      Our business depends on the integrity of our intellectual property rights.

      There can be no assurance that:

  •  any of our pending or future patent applications will be allowed or that any of the allowed applications will be issued as patents;
 
  •  any of our patents will not be invalidated, deemed unenforceable, circumvented or challenged;
 
  •  the rights granted under our patents will provide competitive advantages to us;
 
  •  any of our pending or future patent applications will issue with claims of the scope sought by us, if at all;
 
  •  others will not develop similar products, duplicate our products or design around our patents; or
 
  •  patent rights, intellectual property laws or our agreements will adequately protect our intellectual property rights.

      Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property rights could have an adverse effect upon our business.

      From time to time, we have received claims that we are infringing third parties’ intellectual property rights. There can be no assurance that third parties will not in the future claim infringement by us with respect to current or future patents, trademarks, or other proprietary rights relating to our products. Any present or future claims, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, result in costly litigation, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. Such royalty or licensing agreements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. Any of the foregoing could have an adverse effect upon our business.

 
      Our operating results fluctuate significantly.

      Over the last eight quarters our operating loss as a percentage of net revenues has fluctuated between approximately 59% and 1% of net revenues. Over the same period our sales per quarter have fluctuated between $23.6 million and $6.7 million. We anticipate that our sales and operating margins will continue to fluctuate. As a result, period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance.

 
      Operating costs in northern California are high.

      Our operations are located in Santa Clara, California. The cost of living in northern California is extremely high, which increases both the cost of doing business and the cost and difficulty of recruiting new employees. Our operating results depend in significant part upon our ability to effectively manage costs and to retain and attract qualified management, engineering, marketing, manufacturing, customer support, sales and administrative personnel. The failure to control costs and to attract and retain qualified personnel could have an adverse effect on our business.

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      Business interruptions could adversely affect our business.

      Our operations are vulnerable to interruption by fire, earthquake, power loss, telecommunications failure and other events beyond our control.

 
      A significant portion of our sales are made to international customers.

      Sales and operating activities outside of the United States are subject to inherent risks, including fluctuations in the value of the United States dollar relative to foreign currencies, tariffs, quotas, taxes and other market barriers, political and economic instability, restrictions on the export or import of technology, potentially limited intellectual property protection, difficulties in staffing and managing international operations and potentially adverse tax consequences. We earn a significant portion of our revenue from international sales, and there can be no assurance that any of these factors will not have an adverse effect on our business.

      We generally quote and sell our products in US dollars. However, for some Japanese customers, we have quoted and sold our products in Japanese Yen. From time to time, we have entered into foreign currency contracts in an effort to reduce the overall risk of currency fluctuations to our business. However, there can be no assurance that the offer and sale of products denominated in foreign currencies, and the related foreign currency hedging activities will not adversely affect our business.

      Our two principal competitors for disk deposition equipment are based in foreign countries and have cost structures based on foreign currencies. Accordingly, currency fluctuations could cause the price of our products to be more, or less, competitive than these competitors’ products. Currency fluctuations will decrease, or increase, Intevac’s cost structure relative to those of our competitors, which could impact our competitive position.

 
      We expect the market price of our common stock and convertible notes to be volatile.

      The market price of our common stock has experienced both significant increases in valuation and significant decreases in valuation, over short periods of time. We believe that factors such as announcements of developments related to our business, fluctuations in our operating results, failure to meet securities analysts’ expectations, general conditions in the disk drive and thin-film media manufacturing industries and the worldwide economy, announcements of technological innovations, new systems or product enhancements by us or our competitors, fluctuations in the level of cooperative development funding, acquisitions, changes in governmental regulations, developments in patents or other intellectual property rights and changes in our relationships with customers and suppliers could cause the price of our common stock to continue to fluctuate substantially. In addition, in recent years the stock market in general, and the market for small capitalization and high technology stocks in particular, have experienced extreme price fluctuations that have often been unrelated to the operating performance of affected companies. Any of these factors could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and convertible notes. Our common stock is not heavily traded in the market, with daily volume averaging approximately 8,000 shares in 2002. As a result, any attempt by a shareholder to either acquire or dispose of a significant position in our stock could cause significant fluctuations in the price of the shares.

 
      We routinely evaluate acquisition candidates and other diversification strategies.

      We have completed multiple acquisitions as part of our efforts to expand and diversify our business. For example, our business was initially acquired from Varian Associates in 1991. We acquired our gravity lubrication and rapid thermal processing product lines in two acquisitions. We also acquired the RPC electron beam processing business in late 1997, and subsequently closed this business. We sold the rapid thermal processing product line in November 2002. We intend to continue to evaluate new acquisition candidates, divestiture and diversification strategies. Any acquisition involves numerous risks, including difficulties in the assimilation of the acquired company’s employees, operations and products, uncertainties associated with operating in new markets and working with new customers, and the potential loss of the acquired company’s key employees. Additionally, unanticipated expenses, difficulties and consequences may be incurred relating to the integration of technologies, research and development, and administrative and other functions. Any future

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acquisitions may also result in potentially dilutive issuance of equity securities, acquisition or divestiture related write-offs and the assumption of debt and contingent liabilities. Any of the above factors could adversely affect our business.
 
      We use hazardous materials.

      We are subject to a variety of governmental regulations relating to the use, storage, discharge, handling, emission, generation, manufacture, treatment and disposal of toxic or otherwise hazardous substances, chemicals, materials or waste. Any failure to comply with current or future regulations could result in substantial civil penalties or criminal fines being imposed on us or our officers, directors or employees, suspension of production, alteration of our manufacturing process or cessation of operations. Such regulations could require us to acquire expensive remediation or abatement equipment or to incur substantial expenses to comply with environmental regulations. Any failure by us to properly manage the use, disposal or storage of, or adequately restrict the release of, hazardous or toxic substances could subject us to significant liabilities.

 
      Our directors and executive officers control a majority of our outstanding common stock.

      Based on the shares outstanding on December 31, 2002, our current directors and their affiliates and our executive officers, in the aggregate, beneficially own a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock. These shareholders, acting together, are able to effectively control all matters requiring approval by our shareholders, including the election of a majority of the directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. Two of our directors also hold in aggregate 7% of the outstanding convertible notes.

Item 2.     Properties

      Intevac leases a 119,583 square foot facility in Santa Clara, California. The two-story facility includes offices, manufacturing, engineering labs and clean rooms. All of Intevac’s operations, with the exception of our Singapore customer support office, are housed at the Santa Clara facility. As of December 31, 2002 approximately 20,600 square feet of the facility previously occupied by our fabrication center was not being utilized. Additionally, a portion of the facility dedicated to the Equipment Products Division manufacturing operations was significantly underutilized. The costs related to these underutilized spaces are included in selling, general and administrative expense, and totaled $198,000 and $0, respectively, in 2002 and 2001. If the utilization rate of the facility continues at the same level as at the end of 2002, then approximately $1.1 million of excess facility cost will be included in 2003 selling, general and administrative expense. The lease for the Santa Clara facility expires in March 2007. Intevac has an option to extend the lease for an additional five-year period, with a monthly base rent to be negotiated by Intevac and the lessor. If Intevac and the lessor are unable to reach agreement with respect to such monthly base rent, an appraisal process set forth in the lease will determine the monthly base rent for the extension. Intevac also leases a facility of approximately 2,400 square feet in Singapore to house the Singapore customer support organization. This lease expires in December 2003. Intevac believes that its current facilities are suitable and adequate for its current and foreseeable operations. Intevac operates with one full manufacturing shift and one partial manufacturing shift. Intevac believes that it has sufficient productive capacity to meet its current needs.

Item 3.     Legal Proceedings

      On June 12, 1996 two Australian Army Black Hawk Helicopters collided in midair during nighttime maneuvers. Eighteen Australian servicemen perished and twelve were injured. Intevac was named as a defendant in a lawsuit related to this crash. The lawsuit was filed in Stamford, Connecticut Superior Court on June 10, 1999 by Mark Durkin, the administrator of the estates of the deceased crewmembers, the injured crewmembers and the spouses of the deceased and/or injured crewmembers. Included in the suit’s allegations were assertions that the crash was caused by defective night vision goggles. The suit named three US manufacturers of military night vision goggles, of which Intevac was one. The suit also named the manufacturer of the pilot’s helmets, two manufacturers of night vision system test equipment and the manufacturer of the helicopters. The suit claimed damages for 13 personnel killed in the crash, 5 personnel injured in the crash and spouses of those killed or injured. It is known that the Australian Army established a

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Board of Inquiry to investigate the accident and that one of the conclusions of the Board of Inquiry was that the accident was not caused by defective night vision goggles.

      On July 27, 2000 the Connecticut Superior Court disallowed the defendants’ motion to dismiss the lawsuit. On October 30, 2001 the Connecticut Supreme Court reversed the Superior Court’s decision and remanded the case to the trial court with the direction to grant the defendants’ motion to dismiss the suit subject to conditions already agreed to by the defendants. These conditions agreed to by the defendants include (1) consenting to jurisdiction in Australia; (2) accepting service of process in connection with an action in Australia; (3) making their personnel and records available for litigation in Australia; (4) waiving any applicable statutes of limitation in Australia up to six months from April 26, 2002, the date of dismissal of this action or for such other reasonable time as may be required as a condition of dismissing this action; (5) satisfying any judgement that may be entered against them in Australia; and (6) consenting to the reopening of the action in Connecticut in the event the above conditions are not met as to any proper defendant in the action.

      On October 21, 2002 a lawsuit was filed in Queensland, Australia by Gerard Bampton, a member of the Australian Special Air Services Regiment who was injured in the 1996 crash. Included in the suit’s allegations are assertions that the crash was caused by defective night vision goggles. The suit names three US manufacturers of military night vision goggles, of which Intevac was one. The suit also names the manufacturer of the helicopters. Investigations made at the time of the original Durkin lawsuit lead us to believe that we have meritorious defenses against the new lawsuit. However, there can be no assurance that the resolution of the suit will not have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.

Item 4.     Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security-Holders

      No matters were submitted to a vote of security-holders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

      Certain information about Intevac’s directors and executive officers is listed below:

             
Name Age Position



Executive Officers and Directors:
           
Norman H. Pond
    64     Chairman of the Board
Kevin Fairbairn
    49     President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Verle Aebi
    48     President of Photonics Technology Division
Charles B. Eddy III
    52     Vice President, Finance and Administration, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
David Dury(1)
    54     Director
Robert D. Hempstead(1)(2)
    59     Director
David N. Lambeth(2)
    55     Director
Robert Lemos(1)
    62     Director
H. Joseph Smead
    77     Director
Other Key Officers:
           
Kimberly Burk
    37     Human Resources Director
Daniel Gentry
    56     Vice President and General Manager of Equipment Products Division
Stephen Gustafson
    31     Director, Product Operations, Photonics Technology Division
Timothy Justyn
    40     Vice President, Operations, Equipment Products Division
Christopher Lane
    36     Vice President and General Manager of Commercial Imaging Division


(1)  Member of Audit Committee
 
(2)  Member of Compensation Committee

      Mr. Pond is a founder of Intevac and has served as Chairman of the Board since February 1991. Mr. Pond served as President and Chief Executive Officer from February 1991 until July 2000 and again from September 2001 through January 2002. Mr. Pond holds a BS in physics from the University of Missouri at Rolla and a MS in physics from the University of California at Los Angeles.

      Mr. Fairbairn joined Intevac as President and Chief Executive Officer in January 2002 and was appointed a Director of the Company in February 2002. Before joining Intevac, Mr. Fairbairn was employed by Applied Materials from July 1985 to January 2002, most recently as Vice-President and General Manager of the Conductor Etch Organization with responsibility for the Silicon and Metal Etch Divisions. From 1996 to 1999, Mr. Fairbairn was General Manager of Applied’s Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Business Unit and from 1993 to 1996, he was General Manager of Applied’s Plasma Silane CVD Product Business Unit. Mr. Fairbairn holds a MA in Engineering Sciences from Cambridge University.

      Mr. Aebi has served as President of the Photonics Division since July 2000. Mr. Aebi served as General Manager of the Photonics Division since May 1995 and was elected as a Vice President of the Company in September 1995. From 1988 through 1994, Mr. Aebi was the Engineering Manager of the Company’s night vision business, where he was responsible for new product development in the areas of advanced photocathodes and image intensifiers. Mr. Aebi holds a BS in physics and an MS in electrical engineering from Stanford University.

      Mr. Eddy has served as Vice President, Finance and Administration, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of Intevac since April 1991. Mr. Eddy holds a BS in engineering science from the University of Virginia and a MBA from Dartmouth College.

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      Mr. Dury has served as a Director of Intevac since July 2002. Mr. Dury is a co-founder of Mentor Capital Group, a venture capital firm. From 1996 to 2000, Mr. Dury served as Senior Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer of Aspect Development, a software development firm. Mr. Dury holds a BA in psychology from Duke University and an MBA from Cornell University.

      Dr. Hempstead has served as a Director of Intevac since March 1997 and served as Chief Operating Officer of Intevac from April 1996 through June 1999. Dr. Hempstead served as Chief Technology Officer at Veeco Instruments from December 1999 to December 2002. Dr. Hempstead is currently a self-employed consultant. Dr. Hempstead holds a BS and MS in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Illinois.

      Dr. Lambeth has served as a Director of Intevac since May 1996. Dr. Lambeth has been Professor of both Electrical and Computer Engineering and Material Science Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University since 1989. Dr. Lambeth was Associate Director of the Data Storage Systems at Carnegie Mellon University from 1989 to 1999. Since 1988, Dr. Lambeth has been the owner of Lambeth Systems, an engineering consulting and research firm. Dr. Lambeth holds a BS in electrical engineering from the University of Missouri and a Ph.D. in physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

      Mr. Lemos has served as a Director of Intevac since August 2002. Mr. Lemos retired from Varian Associates, Inc. in 1999 after 23 years, including serving as Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer from 1988 to 1999. Mr. Lemos has a BS in Business from the University of San Francisco, a JD in law from Hastings College and a LLM in law from New York University.

      Dr. Smead has served as a Director of Intevac since February 1991. Dr. Smead joined Kaiser Aerospace and Electronics Corporation (“Kaiser”) in 1974 and served as Kaiser’s President from 1974 until October 1997. Dr. Smead served as President and Chairman of the Board of Directors of K Systems, Inc., Kaiser’s parent company, from 1977 until October 1997. Dr. Smead served as Chairman of the Board of Directors of Kaiser until December 1999. Dr. Smead resigned as a director of Kaiser and its subsidiaries in December 2000. Dr. Smead holds a BS in electrical engineering from the University of Colorado, a MS in electrical engineering from the University of Washington and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Purdue University.

      Ms. Burk has served as Human Resources Director of Intevac since May 2000. Prior to joining Intevac, Ms. Burk served as Human Resources Manager of Moen, Inc., from 1999 to 2000 and served as Human Resources Manager of Lawson Mardon from 1994 to 1999. Ms. Burk holds a BS in Sociology from Northern Illinois University.

      Mr. Gentry has served as the General Manager of the Equipment Products Division of Intevac since 2002. Mr Gentry joined Intevac in March 1991 and has served as Sales and Marketing Manager for the Company’s memory and flat panel equipment products. Mr. Gentry was elected a Vice-President of the Company in September 1995. Mr. Gentry holds a BS and MS in Electrical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a MBA from Harvard University.

      Mr. Gustafson has served as Director of Product Operations of Intevac since May 2002. Before joining Intevac, from 1995 to May 2002, Mr. Gustafson was employed by Applied Materials as a Sr. Operations Manager in the Conductor Etch Organization. Mr. Gustafson holds a BA in Humanities from San Jose State University.

      Mr. Justyn has served as Vice President, Operations of Intevac since April 1997. Mr. Justyn joined Intevac in February 1991 and has served in various roles in our Equipment Products Division and our former night vision business. Mr. Justyn holds a BS in Chemical Engineering from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

      Mr. Lane has served as General Manager of the Commercial Imaging Division since he joined Intevac in July 2002 and was elected a Vice-President in February 2003. Before joining Intevac, from 1990 to July 2002, Mr. Lane was employed by Applied Materials, most recently as Director of Engineering, CVD and Etch in the Conductor Etch Organization. Mr. Lane holds a BS in Mechanical Engineering, a MS in Engineering Management and a MBA, all from California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo.

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Table of Contents

PART II

Item 5.     Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Shareholder Matters

      Intevac’s Common Stock commenced trading on the NASDAQ National Market on November 21, 1995 and is traded under the symbol “IVAC.” As of December 31, 2002, there were approximately 2,000 holders of record of the Common Stock. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low closing sale prices for the Common Stock as reported on the NASDAQ National Market.

                   
High Low


Fiscal 2001
               
 
First Quarter
  $ 5.890     $ 3.500  
 
Second Quarter
  $