SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION
|
| Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
51-0340466 (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
| 26950 Agoura Road Calabasas Hills, California (Address of principal executive offices) |
91301 (Zip Code) |
|
(818) 871-3000 Securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Securities registered
pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes |X| No |_| Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the Registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of the Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. |X| The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of February 26, 2001 was $1,164,996,591. As of February 26, 2001, 31,580,169 shares of the Registrants Common Stock, $.01 par value, were outstanding. Documents Incorporated by ReferencePart III incorporates information by reference from the definitive proxy statement for the 2000 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 24, 2001. |
PART ISPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTSCertain statements in this Form 10-K which are not historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company and its subsidiaries to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Such risks, uncertainties, and other factors include, but are not limited to: changes in general economic conditions which affect consumer spending for restaurant dining occasions; increasing competition in the upscale casual dining segment of the restaurant industry; adverse weather conditions which impact customer traffic at the Companys restaurants in general and which cause the temporary underutilization of outdoor patio seating available at several of the Companys restaurants; various factors which increase the cost to develop and/or delay the development and opening of the Companys new, highly customized restaurants, including factors under the influence and control of the Companys landlords; changes in the availability and/or cost of raw materials, management and hourly labor, energy or other resources necessary to successfully operate the Companys restaurants and bakery production facility; the Companys ability to raise prices sufficiently to offset cost increases; the success of strategic and operating initiatives, including new restaurant concepts and new bakery products; depth of management; adverse publicity about the Company, its restaurants or bakery products; the Companys dependence on a single bakery production facility; the Companys ability to obtain and retain customers for its bakery operations; changes in timing and/or scope of the purchasing plans of bakery customers which cause fluctuations in bakery sales and the Companys consolidated operating results; the rate of growth of general and administrative expenses associated with building a strengthened corporate infrastructure to support the Companys growing operations; relations between the Company and its employees; the availability, amount, type, and cost of capital for the Company and the deployment of such capital; changes in, or any failure to comply with, governmental regulations; the revaluation of any of the Companys assets; the amount of, and any changes to, tax rates; and other factors referenced in this Form 10-K. ITEM 1: BUSINESSGeneralAs of February 26, 2001, The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated (referred to herein as the Company or in the first person notations we, us and our) operated 41 upscale, full-service, casual dining restaurants under The Cheesecake Factory® mark in Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Rhode Island, Texas and Washington, DC. We also operated Grand Lux Cafe®, an upscale casual dining restaurant located in the Venetian Resort-Hotel-Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada; two self-service, limited menu express foodservice operations under The Cheesecake Factory Express® mark inside the DisneyQuest® family entertainment centers in Orlando, Florida and Chicago, Illinois; and a bakery production facility. We also licensed three bakery cafes under The Cheesecake Factory mark to another foodservice operator. Our full-service Cheesecake Factory restaurants offer approximately 200 menu items including appetizers, pizza, seafood, steaks, chicken, burgers, pasta, specialty items, salads, sandwiches, omelets and desserts including approximately 40 varieties of cheesecake and other baked desserts. In contrast to many chain restaurant operations, substantially all menu items (except desserts manufactured at our bakery production facility) are prepared on the restaurant premises using high quality, fresh ingredients based on innovative and proprietary recipes. We believe our restaurants are recognized by consumers for offering exceptional value with generous food portions at moderate prices. Our restaurants possess a distinctive, contemporary design and decor that creates a high-energy ambiance in a casual setting. Our full-service Cheesecake Factory restaurants currently range in size from 5,400 to 17,300 interior square feet, provide full liquor service and are generally open seven days a week for lunch and dinner, including Sunday brunch. Restaurant sales represented 92.9%, 92.2% and 91.8% of our total revenues for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. 1 |
We believe our ability to select suitable locations and operate successful restaurants, coupled with the continuing popularity of our restaurant concept with consumers, is reflected in our average food and beverage sales per restaurant which we believe are among the highest of any publicly-held restaurant company. Average sales per full-service restaurant open for the full year were approximately $10.6 million, $10.3 million and $10.1 million for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Since each of our restaurants has a customized layout and differs in size (measured in square feet), we believe the most effective method to measure sales productivity is by square foot. Average sales per productive square foot (defined as interior plus patio square feet, seasonally adjusted) for full-service restaurants open for the full year were approximately $976, $942 and $907 for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. We intend to continue developing full-service restaurants in high profile locations within densely populated areas. During fiscal 2000, we opened seven full-service restaurants under The Cheesecake Factory mark. Our primary restaurant expansion objective is to increase our total restaurant productive square feet and operating weeks by approximately 24% to 25% during each of fiscal 2001 and 2002. We currently expect to open as many as 10 to 11 additional restaurants during fiscal 2001. As of February 26, 2001, seven leases and several letters of intent have been signed for potential restaurant openings during fiscal 2001 and 2002. Our operations originated in 1972 as a producer and distributor of high quality cheesecakes and other baked desserts. Our first restaurant opened in Beverly Hills, California in 1978 for the primary purpose of promoting the sale of cheesecakes and other baked desserts to other foodservice operators, retailers and distributors (bakery sales). Although our restaurant operations have grown substantially during recent years, we continue to focus on increasing branded and private-label sales of bakery products in order to leverage our brand identity with consumers and to take advantage of current excess bakery production capacity. Bakery sales represented 7.1%, 7.8% and 8.2% of our total revenues for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Our principal business strategy is to develop and operate full-service Cheesecake Factory restaurants on a national scale, supported by our bakery production operations. Our competitive positioning is focused on offering consumers broad selections of high quality food and desserts at exceptional value in distinctive settings with superior customer service. In addition to expanding our full-service restaurants, we plan to selectively pursue other opportunities to leverage the competitive strengths of our restaurant and bakery operations, which may include new restaurant concepts and new bakery product lines and distribution channels. In order to facilitate our expansion strategy, we plan to continue building our operating and corporate support infrastructure to focus on achieving optimal leverage and efficiencies in all of our operations. In February 1992, the Company was incorporated in Delaware to succeed to the restaurant and bakery businesses of its predecessors operating under The Cheesecake Factory mark. Our initial public offering of common stock was completed in September 1992. Follow-on public offerings were completed in January 1994 and November 1997. Our executive offices are located at 26950 Agoura Road, Calabasas Hills, California 91301, and our telephone number is (818) 871-3000. Our internet site can be accessed at www.thecheesecakefactory.com. 2 |
Competitive PositioningThe key elements of our competitive positioning are as follows: Extensive, Creative and Contemporary Menu and Bakery Product Offerings. Our restaurants offer approximately 200 items, including appetizers, pizza, seafood, steaks, chicken, burgers, pasta, specialty items, salads, sandwiches, and omelets. The menu is generally updated twice each year to respond to changing consumer dining preferences and trends. Our bakery production facility produces over 50 varieties of quality cheesecake and other baked desserts, of which approximately 40 varieties are offered at any one time in our restaurants. High Quality Products. Substantially all menu items (except the desserts manufactured at the Companys bakery production facility) are prepared on the restaurant premises using high quality, fresh ingredients based on innovative and proprietary recipes. We use high quality dairy and other raw ingredients in our bakery products. Exceptional Value. We believe our restaurants are recognized by consumers for offering exceptional value with generous food portions at moderate price points. The average check per restaurant guest, including beverages and desserts, was approximately $15.40, $15.00 and $14.65 for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. Superior Service. Our goal is to consistently meet or exceed the expectations of every restaurant guest in all facets of the dining experience. We believe that our restaurant-level employee recruitment, selection, training and incentive programs allow us to attract and retain qualified employees (staff members) who are motivated to provide consistent excellence in customer service. Flexible Kitchen Capabilities and Operating Systems. Our restaurants have been strategically designed with sufficient capacity, equipment and operating systems to allow for the successful preparation and delivery of an extensive, contemporary and flexible menu which requires multiple food preparation and cooking methods executed simultaneously. Distinctive Restaurant Design and Decor. Our restaurants have a distinctive contemporary design and decor that creates a high-energy, non-chain image and ambiance in a casual setting. Whenever possible, outdoor patio seating is also incorporated in the design of the restaurants, thus allowing for additional restaurant capacity (weather permitting) at a relatively low occupancy cost per seat. High Profile Restaurant Locations and Flexible Site Layouts. We locate our restaurants in high profile locations within densely populated areas with a balanced mix of residences, businesses, shopping and entertainment outlets. In contrast to many theme restaurant operations that rely heavily on tourist traffic, our restaurants principally rely on the visit frequency and loyalty of consumers who work, reside or shop near each of our restaurants. The design of our restaurants is flexible to accommodate a wide variety of urban and suburban site layouts, including multi-level locations. Commitment to Selecting, Training, Rewarding, and Retaining High Quality Employees. We believe our employee recruitment and selection criteria are among the most rigorous in the restaurant industry. By providing extensive training and innovative compensation programs, we believe our employees develop a sense of personal commitment to our core values and culture of customer service. We believe these programs have resulted in employee turnover rates which are generally lower than average for the restaurant industry. 3 |
The Cheesecake Factory Restaurant Concept and MenuThe Cheesecake Factory strives to provide a distinctive dining experience at an exceptional value by offering an extensive, original and evolving menu in an upscale, high energy casual setting with efficient, attentive and friendly service. As a result, our restaurants appeal to a diverse customer base. The Cheesecake Factorys extensive menu enables the concept to compete for substantially all dining preferences and occasions, including the mid-afternoon and late-night dayparts which are traditionally weaker dayparts for most chain restaurant operations. Our restaurants are not open for breakfast, but do offer Sunday brunch. All of our restaurants are open seven days a week. All items on the menu, including approximately 40 varieties of cheesecake and other quality baked desserts, may be purchased for off-premise consumption, which represents approximately 10% of total restaurant sales. Our menu currently consists of approximately 19 pages and features approximately 200 items including appetizers, pizza, seafood, steaks, chicken, burgers, specialty items, pastas, salads, sandwiches and omelets. Examples of menu offerings include Tex-Mex Eggrolls, Roadside Sliders, Crusted Chicken Romano, Shrimp Scampi, Cajun Jambalaya Pasta, Santa Fe Salad, Orange Chicken and Caribbean Steak. Menu items (except those desserts manufactured at our bakery production facility) are prepared daily on the restaurant premises with high quality, fresh ingredients using innovative and proprietary recipes. We consider the extensive selection of items on our menu to be an important factor in the differentiation of our restaurants from our competitors. Menu entrees range in price from approximately $5.95 to $23.95. Appetizers range in price from $3.00 to $8.95, and desserts range from $3.95 to $6.95. The average check per customer at our restaurants, including beverages and desserts was approximately $15.40, $15.00 and $14.65 for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. One of our competitive strengths is our ability to anticipate consumer dining and taste preferences and adapt our menu to the latest trends in food consumption. We develop new menu items to keep pace with changing consumer tastes and preferences and regularly update our ingredients and cooking methods to improve the quality and consistency of our food offerings. Generally every six months, we review the appeal and pricing of all of our menu items and either update or replace as many as 10 to 20 of the items. All new menu items are tested and selected based on uniqueness, sales popularity, ease of preparation and profitability. Our ability to create, promote and attractively display our unique line of baked desserts is also important to the competitive positioning and financial success of our restaurants. We believe that our brand identity and reputation for offering high quality desserts results in a higher percentage of dessert sales relative to that of most chain restaurant operators. Dessert sales represented approximately 15% of total restaurant sales for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998. Each restaurant maintains a full-service bar where appetizers or the full menu may also be purchased. The sale of alcoholic beverages represented approximately 13% of total restaurant sales for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998. We believe the majority of alcoholic beverage sales occur with meal purchases. We place significant emphasis on the unique interior design and decor of our restaurants which results in a higher investment per square foot of restaurant space than is typical for the industry. However, each of our restaurants has historically generated annual sales per square foot that is also typically higher than other competitors in the industry. We believe the stylish restaurant design and decor package contribute to the distinctive dining experience enjoyed by our customers. Each restaurant features large, open dining areas and a contemporary kitchen design featuring exhibition cooking. Five restaurants offer banquet facilities. Approximately two-thirds of our restaurants offer outdoor patio seating (weather permitting), and three of our restaurants overlook waterfronts which complement the overall dining experience. The table and seating layouts of our restaurants are flexible, permitting tables and seats to be easily rearranged to accommodate large groups or parties, thus permitting more effective utilization of seating capacity. See Restaurant Sales and Investment Characteristics. 4 |
Restaurant Locations and Site SelectionAs of February 26, 2001, we operated 41 upscale, full-service casual dining restaurants under The Cheesecake Factory mark in 16 states and the District of Columbia. We also operated Grand Lux Cafe at the Venetian-Resort-Hotel-Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada and two self-service, limited menu express operations at DisneyQuest-Orlando and Chicago under The Cheesecake Factory Express mark. We also licensed three bakery cafes under The Cheesecake Factory mark to another foodservice operator. The following table sets forth information with respect to our restaurant locations: 5 |
Existing Restaurant Locations |
| Restaurant Location |
Opening Year |
Approximate Interior Square Feet(1) |
Approximate Interior Seats(2) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beverly Hills, CA | 1978 | 5,400 | 160 | |||||
| Marina del Rey, CA | 1983 | 6,000 | 195 | |||||
| Redondo Beach, CA | 1988 | 14,000 | (3) | 500 | ||||
| Woodland Hills, CA | 1989 | 10,500 | 323 | |||||
| Washington, DC | 1991 | 12,500 | 410 | |||||
| Newport Beach, CA | 1993 | 9,500 | 252 | |||||
| Brentwood, CA | 1993 | 7,000 | 200 | |||||
| Atlanta, GA (Buckhead) | 1993 | 14,000 | 446 | |||||
| North Bethesda, MD | 1994 | 9,900 | 265 | |||||
| Coconut Grove, FL | 1994 | 6,100 | 193 | |||||
| Boca Raton, FL | 1995 | 15,800 | 426 | |||||
| Chicago, IL | 1995 | 15,600 | 430 | |||||
| Houston, TX | 1995 | 12,500 | 336 | |||||
| Boston, MA | 1995 | 10,600 | 292 | |||||
| Skokie, IL | 1996 | 17,300 | 439 | |||||
| Baltimore, MD | 1996 | 7,200 | 258 | |||||
| Kansas City, MO | 1996 | 12,800 | 264 | |||||
| Pasadena, CA | 1997 | 8,000 | 212 | |||||
| Denver, CO | 1997 | 11,500 | 280 | |||||
| Westbury, NY | 1997 | 12,700 | 350 | |||||
| Las Vegas, NV (Forum Shops) | 1997 | 11,500 | 375 | |||||
| Cambridge, MA | 1997 | 9,600 | 275 | |||||
| Miami, FL | 1997 | 10,000 | 312 | |||||
| Aventura, FL | 1998 | 10,500 | 285 | |||||
| Orlando, FL (DisneyQuest) | 1998 | 8,900 | 150 | |||||
| Irvine, CA | 1998 | 7,500 | 182 | |||||
| Dallas, TX | 1998 | 10,000 | 292 | |||||
| Sunrise, FL | 1998 | 9,200 | 260 | |||||
| San Diego, CA | 1999 | 8,800 | 252 | |||||
| Thousand Oaks, CA | 1999 | 6,500 | 180 | |||||
| Las Vegas, NV (Grand Lux Cafe) | 1999 | 19,100 | 550 | |||||
| Chicago, IL (DisneyQuest) | 1999 | 6,300 | 105 | |||||
| Columbus, OH | 1999 | 10,700 | 292 | |||||
| Boulder, CO | 1999 | 8,000 | 222 | |||||
| Providence, RI | 1999 | 9,400 | 329 | |||||
| Mission Viejo, CA | 1999 | 8,500 | 208 | |||||
| San Francisco, CA | 2000 | 11,000 | 280 | |||||
| Atlanta, GA (Perimeter Mall) | 2000 | 10,000 | 282 | |||||
| Scottsdale, AZ | 2000 | 9,700 | 276 | |||||
| Indianapolis, IN | 2000 | 11,600 | 312 | |||||
| West Palm Beach, FL | 2000 | 8,500 | 254 | |||||
| Frisco (Dallas), TX | 2000 | 10,500 | 317 | |||||
| Hackensack, NJ | 2000 | 10,500 | 298 | |||||
| Schaumburg, IL | 2001 | 10,400 | 301 | |||||
| Total | 455,600 | 12,820 | ||||||
| (1) | Excludes outside patio area, if applicable. |
| (2) | Average seats, including bar and banquet facilities. Excludes outdoor patio seating of approximately 22 at Beverly Hills, 256 at Marina del Rey, 125 at Redondo Beach, 92 at Woodland Hills, 112 at Brentwood, 138 at Atlanta, 80 at Chicago, 40 at Boston, 132 at Baltimore, 125 at Kansas City, 80 at Denver, 40 at Cambridge, 68 at Aventura, 62 at Irvine, 32 at Dallas, 120 at Sunrise, 110 at San Diego, 65 at Thousand Oaks, 46 at Boulder, 79 at Mission Viejo, 105 at San Francisco, 70 at Atlanta (Perimeter), 80 at Scottsdale, 42 at Indianapolis, 118 at West Palm Beach, 62 at Frisco, and 43 at Hackensack. Outdoor patio seating is typically available, weather permitting, in the Southern California and South Florida locations during most of each year and during the spring and summer seasons for the other locations. |
|
6 |
| (3) | Excludes approximately 7,000 square feet of dedicated banquet space. |
|
While our restaurants typically share common interior decor elements, the layouts of our restaurants differ to accommodate the different types of buildings and the different square feet of available space. Restaurants have been opened both as freestanding structures and as components of existing shopping malls, entertainment centers and office complexes, and are located in both urban and suburban areas. We believe the locations of our restaurants are critical to our long-term success and we devote significant time and resources to analyzing each prospective site. Since the Cheesecake Factory concept can be executed within a wide range of restaurant sizes and site types, we can be highly selective in choosing suitable locations. In general, we prefer to open our restaurants at high profile sites within larger metropolitan areas with dense population and above-average household incomes. In addition to carefully analyzing demographic information for each prospective site, we consider other factors such as visibility, traffic patterns and general accessibility; the availability of suitable parking; the proximity of residences and shopping areas, office parks and tourist attractions; the degree of competition within the sites trade area; and the general availability of restaurant-level employees. In contrast to many theme restaurant operations that rely heavily on tourist traffic, our restaurants principally rely on the visit frequency and loyalty of consumers who work, reside or shop in each of our trade areas. We currently lease all of our restaurant locations for primary terms of 10-20 years and currently have no plans to own any real estate (land or buildings) for our restaurants. We currently own substantially all of the equipment in our restaurants and plan to do so in the future. We believe the relatively high and consistent sales productivity of our restaurants provides opportunities to obtain suitable leasing terms from landlords, including contributions toward restaurant development and construction costs in many cases. Due to the uniquely flexible and customized nature of our restaurant operations and the complex design, construction and preopening processes for each new location, our lease negotiation and restaurant development timeframes vary from location to location and can be subject to unforeseen delays. Our entire development process typically ranges from six to eighteen months after lease signing, depending on the timing of the delivery of the leased premises to us from the landlord, which may be subject to factors outside of the landlords control. As a result of the highly customized and operationally complex nature of our restaurants, the restaurant preopening process is extensive and costly relative to that of most chain restaurant operations. Effective with fiscal 1998, our definition of preopening costs was modified to include only those non-capitalizable, incremental out-of-pocket costs that are directly related to the openings of new restaurants. Preopening costs include, but are not limited to: costs to relocate and compensate restaurant management employees prior to opening; costs to recruit and train hourly restaurant employees; and costs for practice service activities prior to opening. Preopening costs will vary from location to location depending on a number of factors, which include the proximity of our existing restaurants; the size and physical layout of each location; the relative difficulty of the restaurant staffing process; and travel and lodging costs for our corporate opening team and support staff. Our direct preopening cost for a 10,000 square foot, single-story restaurant in an established Company market averages approximately $600,000 to $700,000. Preopening costs may be higher for new markets and for newer concepts such as Grand Lux Cafe. During fiscal 1998, we elected early adoption of AICPA Statement of Position (SOP) 98-5, Reporting on the Costs of Start-Up Activities, which requires most business entities to expense preopening costs as they are incurred. 7 |
The timing and number of new restaurants we actually open will depend on a number of factors including, but not limited to: the availability of suitable locations and leases for such locations; the availability of suitable financing to construct and open our restaurants; our ability to obtain all necessary governmental licenses and permits to operate the restaurants; our ability to successfully manage the development and preopening processes for each restaurant; the availability of suitable restaurant management and hourly employees; and general economic conditions. Expansion StrategyWe currently plan to continue to expand our restaurant operations principally through the opening of additional upscale, casual dining restaurants under The Cheesecake Factory mark. We also plan to take advantage of opportunities to leverage our operational strengths in other venues. The following table sets forth information with respect to future full-service restaurant locations under development as of February 26, 2001 for which leases have been signed: Future Restaurants with Signed Leases |
| Location |
Potential Opening Year |
Approximate Interior Square Feet | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phoenix, Arizona | Fiscal 2001 | 9,400 | ||||
| Seattle, Washington | Fiscal 2001 | 10,700 | ||||
| Orlando, Florida | Fiscal 2001 | 13,200 | ||||
| Sherman Oaks, California | Fiscal 2001 | 9,500 | ||||
| Los Angeles, California (Grand Lux Cafe) | Fiscal 2001 | 12,000 | ||||
| Chandler, Arizona | Fiscal 2001 | 11,400 | ||||
| Chicago, Illinois (Grand Lux Cafe) | Fiscal 2002 | 21,300 | ||||
|
We are currently negotiating leases for potential future locations and have signed non-binding letters of intent to lease several locations that could potentially open during fiscal 2001 and 2002. From time to time, we will evaluate opportunities to acquire and convert other restaurant locations to the Cheesecake Factory concept. However, we currently have no binding commitments (other than the signed leases set forth in the table above) or agreements to acquire or convert any other restaurant locations to our concepts. In May 1999, we opened Grand Lux Cafe at the Venetian Resort-Hotel-Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. Grand Lux Cafe is an upscale, casual dining concept with menu presentations and operating systems that are similar to that of the Cheesecake Factory concept. The menu at Grand Lux Cafe offers approximately 150 menu items including appetizers, pasta, seafood, steaks, chicken, burgers, salads, specialty items and desserts. A full-service bar is also included in the concept. Based upon the initial success of the concept in Las Vegas, we currently plan to open two additional Grand Lux Cafes (Los Angeles in fiscal 2001 and Chicago in fiscal 2002) in order to more fully evaluate its expansion potential. We developed a bakery cafe format during fiscal 1997 to extend The Cheesecake Factory brand and provide a potential additional source of sales and operating leverage for our bakery production facility. As of February 26, 2001, there were three licensed bakery cafe outlets in operation which range in size from 250 to 2,000 square feet and feature many of our unique desserts and a limited selection of beverages, sandwiches and salads in a self-service format. The first bakery cafe opened in July 1997 in the Ontario Mills shopping mall complex near Los Angeles, followed by the opening of two kiosk-type outlets in August 1997 located in the Ronald Reagan National Airport in Washington, DC. A third licensed bakery cafe opened at the MacArthur Center in Norfolk, Virginia in August 1999. All bakery cafes are operated by Host Marriott Services Corporation under licensing agreements with us. As of February 26, 2001, we had no binding commitments to license any future bakery cafes. 8 |
The Cheesecake Factory Express is currently the exclusive foodservice operator for the two DisneyQuest family entertainment centers located in Orlando, Florida and Chicago, Illinois. DisneyQuest features innovative, interactive technologies together with Disney characters to create an entertainment adventure for families and guests of all ages. Our foodservice operation in DisneyQuest consists of a limited selection of the Cheesecake Factorys quality menu items and desserts in a self-service format at an average check of approximately $7.50 per guest. As of February 26, 2001, we had no binding commitments to develop and operate any additional express operations. Restaurant Sales and Investment CharacteristicsSince each of our restaurants has a customized layout and differs in size (measured in square feet), we believe the most effective method to measure the unit economics of our concepts is by square foot. Average sales per productive square foot for our full-service restaurants open during the entire period were $976, $942 and $907 for fiscal 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively. We currently lease the land and building shell for each of our restaurants, but are required to expend cash for leasehold improvements and furnishings, fixtures and equipment which is targeted, on average, from $375 to $425 per square foot (excluding preopening costs and landlord construction contributions). We seek to obtain construction contributions for permanent improvements from our landlords that, if obtained, usually take the form of up-front cash, full or partial credits against minimum or percentage rents otherwise payable by us, or a combination thereof. While we have been generally successful in obtaining landlord construction contributions in the past, there can be no assurance that such contributions will be available in similar amounts, if at all, for every potential location we seek to develop into a new restaurant. On average, we target a minimum 2.5 to 1 sales-to-cash investment ratio and a 50% cash-on-cash return when evaluating potential restaurant locations. If we select a potential restaurant location for acquisition and development, the actual performance of the location may differ from its originally targeted performance. Restaurant Operations and ManagementOur ability to successfully and correctly execute a high quality, complex menu and effectively manage high volume restaurants is critical to our overall success. Detailed operating procedures, standards, controls, food line management systems, and cooking methods and processes have been implemented at our restaurants to accommodate our extensive menu and relatively high sales productivity. However, the successful day-to-day operation of our restaurants remains critically dependent on the quality, ability, dedication and enthusiasm of the general manager, executive kitchen manager and all other management and hourly employees working at each restaurant. Excluding the Cheesecake Factory and Grand Lux Cafe restaurants located in Las Vegas (which are both open 365 days a year), our restaurants are open every day of the year except Thanksgiving and Christmas. Hours of operation are generally from 11:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m., except for Sunday when the restaurants open at 10:00 a.m. for brunch. Additionally, most restaurants remain open past midnight on weekends. Outdoor patio seating is available (weather permitting) at approximately two-thirds of our restaurants. 9 |
We believe the relatively high average sales volume and popularity of our restaurants with consumers allow us to attract and retain higher quality, experienced restaurant-level management and other operational personnel. We also believe our restaurants have experienced a lower level of employee turnover than the restaurant industry in general. Each full-service restaurant is typically staffed with one general manager, one executive kitchen manager and from six to sixteen additional management personnel, depending on the sales volume of each restaurant. On average, general managers possess at least five years of experience with us and typically have at least five additional years of management experience with other foodservice operators. All restaurant management personnel complete an extensive training program during which they receive both classroom and on-the-job instruction in food quality and preparation, customer service, alcoholic beverage service, liquor liability avoidance, financial management and cost controls, risk management and human relations. We also provide our restaurant managers with detailed manuals covering food and beverage standards and the proper operation of our restaurants. We are committed to operational excellence in every component of our restaurant operations. Efficient, attentive and friendly guest service is integral to our overall concept and brand identity. Each full-service restaurant is staffed, on average, with approximately 200 hourly employees. We require each hourly employee to participate in a formal training program for their respective position in the restaurant. For example, new servers at each restaurant currently participate in approximately three weeks of training during which the server works under the supervision of restaurant management. We strive to instill enthusiasm and dedication in our employees and regularly solicit suggestions concerning restaurant operations and all aspects of our business. Our success will continue to be highly dependent upon our ability to attract, develop and retain qualified employees who are capable of successfully managing high volume restaurants and consistently executing our extensive and complex menu. The availability and retention of qualified restaurant management employees continues to be a significant industry-wide challenge facing chain restaurant operators. To enable us to more effectively compete for and retain the highest quality restaurant management personnel available, we maintain an innovative and comprehensive compensation program for our restaurant general managers and executive kitchen managers. Each participant in the program receives a competitive base salary and has the opportunity to earn an annual cash bonus (calculated and paid quarterly) based on the performance of his or her restaurant. Participating restaurant general managers also are eligible to utilize a company-leased vehicle, for which all nonbusiness use thereof is valued and added to the participants taxable income pursuant to income tax regulations. A longer-term capital accumulation opportunity, based principally on stock options, is also available to participating restaurant general managers and executive kitchen managers which is dependent upon the participants extended service with us in their respective positions (at least five years) and their achievement of certain agreed-upon performance objectives during that five-year period. Each of our restaurant general managers reports to an area director of operations, who typically supervises the operations of five to seven restaurants, depending upon geographical and management experience considerations. In turn, each area director of operations currently reports to the senior vice president for restaurant operations. Our restaurant field supervision organization also includes area kitchen operations managers and performance development professionals who are responsible for managing new restaurant openings and training for all operational employees. As we open new restaurants, our field supervision and performance development resources will also expand appropriately. We maintain financial and accounting controls in our restaurants through the use of a point-of-sale (POS) cash register and personal computer system in each location. The POS and personal computer system provides our restaurant management with daily and weekly information regarding sales, cash receipts, inventory, food and beverage costs, labor costs and other controllable operating expenses. Each restaurant also has an onsite accounting technician who assists in the accumulation and processing of accounting and other administrative information. 10 |
During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2000, we began installing new computer technology into our restaurants which is intended to improve our operating efficiencies and reporting capabilities. All of our restaurants are being outfitted with a new POS system that incorporates the latest technology for such systems and an automated front desk management system that should allow us to better optimize our seating capacity and increase our speed of operations. We anticipate that substantially all our restaurants will have this new technology before the third quarter of fiscal 2001. Bakery OperationsThe Company originated in 1972 as a producer and distributor of high quality cheesecakes and other baked desserts. The creation, production and marketing of quality cheesecakes and other baked desserts remain a cornerstone of our brand identity. At our state-of-the-art bakery production facility, we produce approximately 50 varieties of cheesecake based on our proprietary recipes. Some of our popular cheesecakes include the Original Cheesecake, White Chocolate Raspberry Truffle®, Chocolate Peanut Butter Cookie-Dough, Kahlua Almond Fudge, Dutch Apple Caramel Streusel, Fresh Strawberry and Triple Chocolate Brownie Truffle®. Other popular baked desserts include chocolate fudge cake, carrot cake, blackout cake and apple dumplings. In the aggregate, our bakery production facility currently produces approximately 500 product SKUs. The commissary role of our bakery operations is to produce innovative, high quality cheesecakes and other baked desserts for sale at our restaurants. Dessert sales represented approximately 15% of our total restaurant sales for both fiscal 2000 and 1999 and are important to restaurant-level profitability. We also market our cheesecakes and other baked products on a wholesale basis to other foodservice operators, retailers and distributors. Approximately 65% to 70% of our bakerys production is currently devoted to these customers. The remaining 30% to 35% of production is devoted to supplying our restaurants. Cheesecakes and other items produced for outside accounts are marketed under The Cheesecake Factory mark as well as private labels. Current large-account customers include warehouse club operators, institutional foodservice marketers and distributors, supermarkets, and other restaurant and foodservice operators. Sales to warehouse club operators represented approximately 55% and 57% of our total bakery sales for fiscal 2000 and 1999, respectively. Our bakery products are delivered daily to customers in the Southern California area by our delivery vehicles, and are shipped throughout the United States by common carrier. We also contract with an outside fulfillment company to process our mail order sales. Frozen bakery products are also shipped internationally. As a result of our growth plans and the ultimate capacity constraints of our former bakery production facility, we substantially completed the construction of a new 60,000 square foot bakery production facility and corporate center in Calabasas Hills, California during fiscal 1995, of which approximately 45,000 square feet is currently devoted to bakery production. The new production facility was fully commissioned from an engineering and operational perspective in October 1996 at a total cost of approximately $18.6 million. We currently own the land, building and all of the equipment at the production facility. By the end of fiscal 2000, our bakery facility operated at approximately 60% to 65% of its practical capacity. We believe that our capacity utilization rate could increase to approximately 70% to 75% on a run-rate basis by the end of fiscal 2001 based on our expected production plan for the year. During fiscal 2001, we will begin to evaluate alternatives to increase our future bakery production capacity. 11 |
Advertising and PromotionWe compete in the upscale, casual dining segment of the restaurant industry. This segment is generally positioned between easily-replicated casual dining operations and highly customized, expensive fine dining operations. We believe our commitment to providing consistent, exceptional value to consumers in an upscale, casual dining environment continues to be the most effective approach to attracting and retaining customers. Accordingly, we have historically focused our resources on consistently meeting and exceeding customer expectations and have relied primarily on high profile locations, operational excellence and word of mouth advertising to attract and retain customers. We would consider more traditional forms of advertising if the need arose. During fiscal 2000, our expenditures for advertising were less than 1% of total revenues. We believe that our commitment to delivering exceptional value to our customers has enabled our newer restaurants to benefit from the name recognition and reputation for quality developed by our existing restaurants. From time to time, we participate in local promotional activities of a community service nature in each of our restaurant trade areas. With respect to our bakery operations, we currently maintain a full-time staff of seven sales and marketing employees and three product development employees. Additionally, we utilize outside foodservice brokers from time to time for certain bakery products and distribution channels. Purchasing and DistributionWe strive to obtain quality menu ingredients, raw materials and other supplies and services for our operations from reliable sources at competitive prices. We continually research and evaluate various ingredients and products in an effort to maintain high quality and to be responsive to changing consumer tastes. Other than for cheesecakes and other baked products, our restaurants do not utilize a central food commissary. Substantially all menu items are prepared from scratch using fresh ingredients. In order to maximize purchasing efficiencies and to provide for the freshest ingredients for our menu items while obtaining the lowest possible prices for the required quality and consistency, each restaurants management determines the quantities of food and supplies required and orders the items from local and regional suppliers on terms negotiated by each restaurants management or by our centralized purchasing staff. We believe that all essential food and beverage products are available from several qualified suppliers in all cities in which our operations are located. Most food and supply items are delivered daily to our restaurants by independent foodservice distributors, including the largest foodservice distributor in North America. CompetitionThe restaurant industry is highly competitive. There are a substantial number of restaurant operations that compete directly and indirectly with us, many of which have significantly greater financial resources, higher revenues and greater economies of scale. The restaurant business is often affected by changes in consumer tastes and discretionary spending patterns; national and regional economic conditions; demographic trends; the cost and availability of raw materials, labor and energy; purchasing power; governmental regulations and local competitive factors. Any change in these or other related factors could adversely affect our restaurant operations. Multi-unit foodservice operations such as ours can also be substantially affected by adverse publicity resulting from food quality, illness, injury, health concerns or operating issues stemming from a single restaurant or, with respect to our bakery operations, a single production run of bakery products. We attempt to manage these factors, but the occurrence of any one of these factors could cause our entire Company to be adversely affected. With regard to our bakery operations, competition within the premium baked dessert market has historically been regional and fragmented. However, overall competition within that market remains intense. We believe that our restaurant and bakery operations compete favorably with consumers on the critical attributes of quality, variety, taste, service, consistency and overall value. 12 |
Government RegulationWe are subject to various federal, state and local laws affecting our business. Each of our restaurants is subject to licensing and regulation by a number of governmental authorities which may include alcoholic beverage control, health and safety and fire agencies in the state or municipality in which the restaurant is located. Difficulties in obtaining or failures to obtain the required licenses or approvals could delay or prevent the development of new restaurants in particular areas. However, we believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with all relevant governmental regulations, and we have not experienced abnormal difficulties or delays in obtaining the required licenses or approvals required to open any new restaurant to date. Alcoholic beverage control regulations require each of our restaurants to apply to a state authority and, in certain locations, county and municipal authorities for licenses and permits to sell alcoholic beverages on the premises. Typically, licenses must be renewed annually and may be revoked or suspended for cause at any time. Alcoholic beverage control regulations relate to numerous aspects of the daily operations of our restaurants, including minimum age of patrons and employees, hours of operation, advertising, wholesale purchasing, inventory control and handling, and storage and dispensing of alcoholic beverages. We have not encountered any material problems relating to alcoholic beverage licenses to date. The failure to receive or retain, or a delay in obtaining, a liquor license in a particular location could adversely affect our ability to obtain such licenses elsewhere. We are subject to dram-shop statutes in most of the states in which we have operations, which generally provide a person injured by an intoxicated person the right to recover damages from an establishment which wrongfully served alcoholic beverages to such person. We carry liquor liability coverage as part of our existing comprehensive general liability insurance that we believe is consistent with coverage carried by other entities in the restaurant industry. Even though we are covered by general liability insurance, a judgment against us under a dram-shop statute in excess of our liability coverage could have a material adverse effect on our operations. Various federal and state labor laws govern our relationship with our employees, including such matters as minimum wage and citizenship requirements, overtime, safety and other working conditions. Significant additional government-imposed increases in minimum wages, paid leaves of absence and mandated health benefits, or increased tax reporting and tax payment requirements for our employees who receive gratuities could be detrimental to the profitability of our restaurants and bakery operations. Even though we carry employment practices insurance, a settlement or a judgment against us in excess of our coverage limitations could have a material adverse effect on our operations. We are not aware of any environmental regulations that have had a material effect on our operations to date. EmployeesAs of February 26, 2001, we employed approximately 10,400 persons of which approximately 9,930 employees worked in our restaurants, approximately 350 worked in our bakery operations and approximately 120 employees worked in our corporate center and restaurant field supervision organization. None of our employees are currently covered by collective bargaining agreements, and we have never experienced an organized work stoppage, strike or labor dispute. We believe our working conditions and compensation packages are generally comparable with those offered by our competitors and consider overall relations with our employees to be favorable. 13 |
TrademarksWe have registered, among other marks, The Cheesecake Factory, Grand Lux Cafe, The Cheesecake Factory Bakery, The Cheesecake Factory Express and The Cheesecake Factory Bakery Cafe as trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. Additional trademark applications are pending. We regard our trademarks as having substantial value and as being important factors in the marketing of our restaurants and bakery products. We have registered, or have pending applications to register, one or more of our trademarks in more than 70 foreign countries, although there can be no assurance that our name and marks are registerable in every country for which registration is being sought. Executive OfficersDavid Overton, age 54, co-founded our predecessor company in 1972 with his parents. He has served as our Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer since the Company was incorporated in February 1992. Gerald W. Deitchle, age 49, joined the Company as Senior Vice President, Finance and Administration and Chief Financial Officer in July 1995. He was named Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in March 1997. From September 1984 to June 1995, Mr. Deitchle was employed by Long John Silvers Restaurants, Inc. and its predecessor company in various executive and financial management positions. Linda J. Candioty, age 46, joined our predecessor in 1977 and currently serves as Executive Vice President and Secretary. Debby R. Zurzolo, age 44, joined the Company as Senior Vice President and General Counsel in April 1999. From 1982 until joining the Company, Ms. Zurzolo practiced law at Greenberg Glusker Fields Claman & Machtinger LLP in Los Angeles, California. As a partner with that firm, Ms. Zurzolo represented the Company on various real estate matters and negotiated several of the Companys restaurant leases. ITEM 2: PROPERTIESAll of our 44 existing company-operated restaurants are located on leased properties, and we have no current plans to own land and buildings for future restaurants. We own substantially all of the equipment in our restaurants. Existing restaurant leases have primary terms with expiration dates ranging from August 5, 2003 to January 31, 2021 (excluding existing renewal options). We do not anticipate any difficulties renewing our existing leases as they expire; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to renew such leases after the expiration of all remaining renewal options. Leases generally provide for rent based on a percentage of restaurant sales (versus a minimum base rental) and payment of certain lease-related expenses. See Note 6 of the Notes to the Companys Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the aggregate minimum and percentage rentals paid for recent periods and information regarding our obligation to pay minimum rentals in future years. Our corporate center and bakery production facility are located in Calabasas Hills, California in a 60,000 square-foot facility on a 3.3-acre parcel of land. We currently own this entire facility (land, building and equipment) in fee simple. 14 |
ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGSFrom time to time, lawsuits are filed against us in the ordinary course of our business. Such lawsuits typically involve claims from customers and others related to operational issues common to the foodservice industry. A number of such claims may exist at any given time. In addition, we also encounter complaints and allegations from current and former employees or others from time to time which we believe to be common for businesses similar to ours. We are currently not a party to any litigation that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity, financial position or our business and we are not aware that any such litigation is threatened. ITEM 4: SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERSNo matter was submitted to a vote of our stockholders during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended January 2, 2001. 15 |
PART IIITEM 5: MARKET FOR THE
REGISTRANTS COMMON STOCK AND RELATED
|
| High |
Low | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fiscal 1999 | ||||||
| First Quarter | $19.83 | $12.67 | ||||
| Second Quarter | 20.25 | 14.25 | ||||
| Third Quarter | 21.92 | 17.17 | ||||
| Fourth Quarter | 22.33 | 16.33 | ||||
| Fiscal 2000 | ||||||
| First Quarter | $24.58 | $18.50 | ||||
| Second Quarter | 32.92 | 22.88 | ||||