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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004
Commission file number 0-26844
RADISYS CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
     
Oregon
  93-0945232
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or Organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
5445 N.E. Dawson Creek Drive
Hillsboro, OR 97124
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(503) 615-1100
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock
      Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to the filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes þ          No o
      Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or in any amendment to this Form 10-K.     þ
      Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act)     Yes þ          No o
      The aggregate market value of the voting stock (based upon the closing price of the Nasdaq National Market on June 30, 2004 of $18.57) of the Registrant held by non-affiliates of the Registrant at that date was approximately $302,056,000. For purposes of the calculation executive officers, directors and holders of 10% or more of the outstanding Common Stock are considered affiliates.
Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of March 3, 2005: 19,868,070
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
         
Document   Part of Form 10-K into Which Incorporated
     
Proxy Statement for 2005 Annual Meeting of Shareholders
    Part III  
 
 


RADISYS CORPORATION
FORM 10-K
TABLE OF CONTENTS
                 
        Page
         
 PART I
 Item 1.    Business     3  
 Item 2.    Properties     15  
 Item 3.    Legal Proceedings     16  
 Item 4.    Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders     16  
 PART II
 Item 5.    Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities     16  
 Item 6.    Selected Financial Data     17  
 Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations     17  
 Item 7A.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk     40  
 Item 8.    Financial Statements and Supplementary Data     42  
 Item 9.    Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure     87  
 Item 9A.    Controls and Procedures     87  
 Item 9B.    Other Information     87  
 PART III
 Item 10.    Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant     88  
 Item 11.    Executive Compensation     90  
 Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management     90  
 Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions     91  
 Item 14.    Principal Accountant Fees and Services     91  
 PART IV
 Item 15.    Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules     92  
 Signatures     95  
 EXHBIT 10.14
 EXHIBIT 21.1
 EXHIBIT 23.1
 EXHIBIT 24.1
 EXHIBIT 31.1
 EXHIBIT 31.2
 EXHIBIT 32.1
 EXHIBIT 32.2


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PART I
Item 1. Business
General
      RadiSys is a leading provider of advanced embedded solutions for the service provider, commercial and enterprise systems markets. Through intimate customer collaboration, and combining innovative technologies and industry leading architecture, we help original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) bring better products to market faster and more economically. Our products include embedded boards, software, platforms and systems, which are used in today’s complex computing, processing and network intensive applications.
Our Strategy
      Our strategy is to provide customers with advanced embedded solutions in our target markets. We believe this strategy enables our customers to focus their resources and development efforts on their key areas of competency allowing them to provide higher value systems with a time-to-market advantage and a lower total cost of ownership. Historically, system makers had been largely vertically integrated, developing most, if not all, of the functional building blocks of their systems. System makers are now more focused on their core expertise and are looking for partners like RadiSys to provide them with merchant-supplied building blocks for a growing number of processing and networking functions.
Our Markets
      We provide advanced embedded solutions to three distinct markets:
  •  Service Provider Systems — The service provider systems market includes voice, video and data systems deployed into public networks. The service provider systems market consists of a variety of telecommunications focused applications, including 2, 2.5 and 3G wireless infrastructure products, wireline infrastructure products, packet-based switches and unified messaging products. In 2004, we derived 43.4% of our revenues from the service provider systems market.
 
  •  Commercial Systems — The commercial systems market includes the following sub-markets: medical, transaction terminals, industrial automation equipment and test and measurement equipment. Examples of products into which our commercial systems embedded solutions are incorporated include ultrasound equipment, immunodiagnostics and hematology systems, CAT Scan (“CT”) imaging equipment, ATM’s, point of sale terminals, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, electronics assembly equipment and high-end test equipment. In 2004, we derived 31.9% of our revenues from the commercial systems market.
 
  •  Enterprise Systems — The enterprise systems market includes embedded compute, processing and networking systems used in private enterprise IT infrastructure. The enterprise systems market consists of a variety of applications, including voice messaging, storage, data centers, Private Branch Exchange (“PBX”) systems, network access and security and switching applications. In 2004, we derived 24.7% of our revenues from the enterprise systems market.

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Our Market Drivers
      We believe there are a number of fundamental drivers for growth in the embedded solutions market, including:
  •  Increasing focus by OEMs to utilize outsourced modular building blocks to develop new systems. We believe OEMs are combining their internal development efforts with merchant-supplied platforms from partners like RadiSys to deliver more systems to market, faster at lower total cost of ownership.
 
  •  Increasing levels of programmable, intelligent and networked functionality embedded in a variety of systems, including systems for monitoring and control, real-time information processing and high-bandwidth network connectivity.
 
  •  Increasing demand for standards-based solutions, such as Advanced Telecommunications Architecture (“ATCA”), and Computer-on-Modules (“COM”) Express, that motivates system makers to take advantage of proven and validated standards-based products.
 
  •  The emergence of new technologies utilizing network processors, such as security and high-volume networking applications.
Products
      We design and manufacture a broad range of products at different levels of integration:
  •  Complete Turn-key Systems for the service provider, commercial and enterprise systems markets;
 
  •  Embedded Subsystems and Functional Platforms using ATCA, COM Express, CompactPCI, PICMG 2.16 Packet Switching Backplane, and customer-specific proprietary platforms;
 
  •  Compute, I/ O, Inter-networking and Packet Processing Blades; and
 
  •  Software, Middleware, and Microcode, including embedded Operating Systems, Basic Input Output System (“BIOS”), Service Availability (“SA”) Forum — Hardware Platform Interface — (“HPI”), Intelligent Platform Management Interface (“IPMI”), and various protocol stacks including signaling, management and data plan protocols.
      We have specific technical expertise in the following areas:
  •  System Architecture and Design;
 
  •  Software Development;
 
  •  Embedded Operating Systems;
 
  •  Microprocessor-Based Designs;
 
  •  Network Processor-Based Designs;
 
  •  ASIC Design; and
 
  •  Signaling Protocols.
Our products fall into two different categories, standard products and perfect fit solutions:
      Standard Products. We believe that we continue to play a leading role in the development and deployment of architectural standards as a premier member of the Intel Communications Alliance, and as a long-time member of the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group (“PICMG”) and the SA Forum standards bodies.
      In 2004 we shifted more investment from predominantly one-off custom-designed products to standards-based, re-usable platforms and solutions. We believe standards-based platforms provide our customers a number of fundamental benefits. First, by using ready-made platform solutions rather than ground-start custom-designs, our customers can achieve significantly shorter intervals and faster time-to-market. Second, we believe our customers can achieve a lower total cost by using solutions that are leveraged across multiple applications rather than a single-use proprietary solution. By offering standards-

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based platforms, we believe we have the opportunity to address a wider range of new market opportunities with the potential for faster time to revenue than with ground-start, custom-designs. We believe this ability to reuse designs makes our business and investment model more scalable. Finally, we believe this standard-focused model will allow us to provide more integrated and higher value solutions to our customers than we have typically delivered under a custom-design model.
      We announced our Promentumtm family of AdvancedTCA products in 2004. This family of products includes universal carrier cards, switch and control modules, disk storage modules, compute modules, and a 14-slot shelf or chassis. These products will be offered individually or will be integrated together as part of a blade server platform system known as the Promentum-6000. We believe the Promentum-6000 system will provide customers a highly reliable managed platform on which to build their new voice and data offerings. We have significant experience in the design, delivery and deployment of carrier-grade, modular platforms. We believe the ATCA standard increases our opportunity to implement reusable platforms, enabling the deployment of more flexible solutions based on cost-effective commercial technologies. We believe our core ATCA solutions will be applicable across a wide range of customers and applications and are potentially applicable in all three of our defined markets. These integrated hardware and software platforms make extensive use of common architectural and component designs, with carrier grade operating systems and middleware, reducing development time and costs and enhancing application portability.
      In addition to our new ATCA offerings, we recently announced our new Proceleranttm series of modular computing solutions, which we anticipate will be released in mid 2005, for customers in our commercial systems markets for medical, transaction terminals and test and measurement applications. These new modular products are currently in development and we believe these products will represent a family of high density, flexible solutions that will enable commercial systems customers to achieve more rapid time to market with cost effective designs.
      Perfect Fit Solutions. Our perfect fit solutions are products tailored or customized to meet specific customer or application requirements. These solutions range from modifications of standard or existing products to complete development and supply of customized solutions. We draw on our experience and large design library to create products with varying degrees of customization. We will continue to invest a portion of our resources in perfect fit solutions as these opportunities are an integral part of our business model. We believe our customers will continue to require some customization of our standard platforms for many of their specific applications.
      The Company has adopted SFAS No. 131, “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.” SFAS No. 131 establishes standards for the reporting by public business enterprises of information about operating segments, products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. The method for determining what information to report is based upon the way that management organizes the segments within the Company for making operating decisions and assessing financial performance.
      The Company is one operating segment according to the provisions of SFAS No. 131. See Note 18 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for segment information and for financial information by geographic area.
Competition
      We have three different types of competitors:
  •  System Makers — Our most significant competition is our own customers and potential customers who choose to fully design and supply their own sub-systems. However, we believe system makers are moving away from this propriety mode of system development and supply.
 
  •  Diversified Conglomerates — These competitors are divisions or business units within large corporations, and include divisions within Artesyn Technologies, Hewlett Packard, Intel Corporation, International Business Machines Corporation (“IBM”), and Motorola (the Embedded Communications Computing Group).

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  •  Independent Embedded Solutions Providers — These competitors include Advantech Co., Continuous Computing, Kontron AG, Mercury Computer Systems, Performance Technologies and SBS Technologies.
      We believe that our system level architecture and design expertise, coupled with our extensive library of intellectual property, will enable us to differentiate our products against our competition. We believe our rapid design cycles and standards-based solutions will provide customers with a time to market advantage at a lower total cost.
Customers
      Our customers include many leading system makers in a variety of end markets. Examples of these customers include: Agilent Technologies, Applied Materials, Avaya, Beckman Coulter, Comverse Network Systems, Dictaphone, Diebold, Fluke, Hewlett Packard, IBM, Lucent Technologies, Nokia, Nortel Networks, Philips Medical, Rockwell Automation, Siemens AG, SkyStream Networks, Toshiba, and Universal Instruments.
      Our five largest customers, accounting for approximately 58.2% of revenues in 2004, are listed below with an example of the type of application which incorporates RadiSys products:
     
Customer   Application
     
Comverse
  Wireless Voice and Multimedia Messaging Systems
Diebold
  Transaction Terminals
IBM
  Local Area Network I/O and Storage Systems
Nokia
  2, 2.5, and 3G Wireless Infrastructure Equipment
Nortel
  IP-Enabled PBX systems and switches
      Nokia and Nortel were our largest customers in 2004 accounting for 28.5% and 13.7% of total 2004 revenues, respectively.
Partners
      We believe we are also broadening the scope and value of our standards-based solutions by building a robust ecosystem of partners through our RadiSys Alliance Program (“RAP”). By working closely with our alliance partners, we believe we will provide more complete solutions that enable our customers to simplify their supply chains and achieve lower product costs. The RadiSys Alliance Program is composed of companies that provide leading technologies and services that we believe enhance our solutions. Our RAP partners include:
  •  Clovis Solutions — for system management and high-availability middleware;
 
  •  GoAhead Software — for high-availability middleware solutions;
 
  •  Hughes Software Systems — for communications protocol stacks software;
 
  •  Intel Communications Alliance — for silicon solutions for a broad range of applications;
 
  •  IPFabrics — for IXP programming tools;
 
  •  Kaparel — for mechanical sub-assemblies;
 
  •  LVL7 Systems — for production-ready networking software;
 
  •  Microsoft Operating Systems — for operating system software;
 
  •  MontaVista Software — for carrier grade Linux operating system software, tools and support;
 
  •  Parallogic Corporation — for IXP2xxx Network Processor microcode;
 
  •  Phar Lap — for embedded tools;
 
  •  Solid Information Technology — for carrier-grade distributed data management platform;
 
  •  Texas Instruments Incorporated — for DSP Silicon;
 
  •  Teja Technologies — for IXP programming platforms;

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  •  Ulticom — for service-enabling signaling software; and
 
  •  Wind River Systems — for operating system software, tools and support.
Research, Development and Engineering
      We believe that our research, development and engineering (“R&D”) expertise represents an important competitive advantage. Our R&D staff consisted of 175 engineers and technicians at February 28, 2005. We currently have design centers located in the United States and China.
      A majority of our R&D efforts are currently focused on the development of standards-based products for a wide variety of applications. This is an important part of our strategy to provide a broader set of products and building blocks which allows deployment of flexible solutions leveraged off of reusable designs and commercially available components. This results in significant savings in development time and investment for our customers and increases the number of applications into which RadiSys solutions can be incorporated. In addition, we are increasingly combining our standards-based products to create more integrated hardware and software based systems.
      A portion of our R&D efforts are focused on “perfect-fit” integrated solutions for our customers, where existing functional building blocks are tailored to meet the customers’ specific needs. For these programs, our engineering team works closely with the customer’s engineering team to architect, develop and deliver solutions that meet their specific requirements using RadiSys functional building blocks. In some cases, the customer will pay non-recurring engineering fees as pre-defined milestones are achieved. We engage in close and frequent communication during the design and supply process, allowing us to operate as a “virtual division” within a customer’s organization. We believe our in-depth understanding of embedded systems provides customers with specialized competitive solutions, earning RadiSys a strong incumbent position for future system development projects.
      It is our objective to retain the rights to technology developed during the design process. In some cases, we agree to share technology rights, manufacturing rights, or both, with the customer. However, we generally retain nonexclusive rights to use any shared technology.
      In 2004, we opened our China Development Center in Shanghai as we moved to strengthen our position globally and grow our presence within the Asia Pacific region. Our first China Development Center product is currently scheduled for release in mid 2005.
      Our research and development is focused on three fundamental applications:
  •  Computing, networking and processing, including blades, software-rich blades, I/ O blades, platforms and systems;
 
  •  Interface modules used in platforms to convert one type of traffic or service into another, such as converting Asychonous Transfer Mode to Ethernet. These interfaces are typically used when aggregating multiple traffic flows, adding services or joining different types of networks;
 
  •  Packet switching fabrics, including cell-based switching with packet processing.
      In 2004, 2003 and 2002, we invested $28.2 million, $22.8 million and $27.7 million, respectively, in research and development.
Sales and Marketing
      Our products are sold through a variety of channels, including direct sales, distributors and sales representatives. The total direct sales and marketing headcount was 75 at February 28, 2005. We use our sales model and dedicated cross-functional teams to develop long-term relationships with our customers, which is a means by which we achieve collaborative success. Our cross-functional teams include sales, marketing, program management, supply chain management, and design engineering. Our teams partner with our customers to combine their development efforts in key areas of competency with our standards-

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based or perfect-fit solutions to achieve higher quality, lower development and product cost and faster time to market for their products.
      We market our products in North America, Europe and Israel (“EMEA”), and Asia Pacific. In each of these geographies, products are sold principally through a direct sales force with our sales resources located in the United States, Canada, Europe, Israel, China and Japan. In addition, in each of these geographies we make use of an indirect distribution model and sales representatives to access additional customers. In 2004, global revenues were comprised geographically of 43.8% from North America, 50.1% from EMEA and 6.1% from Asia Pacific.
      Financial information regarding the Company’s domestic and foreign operations is presented in Note 18 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Manufacturing and Supply
      We utilize a combination of internal and outsourced manufacturing. Total manufacturing operations headcount was 217 at February 28, 2005. We currently manufacture approximately 34% of our own products and intend to continue to outsource more of our products to manufacturing services partners for better global customer fulfillment and reduced cost.
      We have an automated ISO9001 certified plant in Hillsboro, Oregon that provides board and systems assembly and test. This plant includes two automated lines for Surface Mount Technology (“SMT”) double-sided board assembly and facilities for systems integration, configuration and test. Because the products into which building blocks are integrated typically have long life reliability requirements, dynamic stress testing of our products must be particularly rigorous. We believe our systems testing processes are a competitive advantage.
      Although many of the raw materials and much of the equipment used in our internal and outsourced manufacturing operations are available from a number of alternative sources, some of these materials and equipment are obtained from a single supplier or a limited number of suppliers. We utilize multiple manufacturing services partners, mainly Celestica Inc., and Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. (a.k.a. FoxConn) for outsourced board and system production. If one of these contractors failed to perform, this production could either be transferred internally to our Hillsboro, OR-based plant, or transferred to other contract manufacturers. Such transfers would require technical and logistical activities and would not be instantaneous. We contract with third parties for a continuing supply of the components used in the manufacture of our products. Certain components are supplied by only one supplier. For example, we currently rely on Intel for the supply of some microprocessors and other components, and we rely on LSI, Epson Electronic America, Broadcom, NEC, Chen Ming, Triax and Texas Instruments as sole source suppliers for other components. Alternative sources of supply for some of these components would be difficult to locate and/or it would require a significant amount of time and resources to establish an alternative supply line.
Backlog
      As of December 31, 2004, our backlog was approximately $22.6 million, compared to $31.8 million as of December 31, 2003. We include in our backlog statistic all purchase orders scheduled for delivery within 12 months. The general trend within our addressable markets is for shorter lead times and supplier managed inventory, which has been decreasing backlog as a percentage of revenue.
Intellectual Property
      We own 23 U.S. utility patents and have four U.S. patent applications pending as well as six foreign patent applications pending; however, we rely principally on trade secrets and rapid time to market for protection and leverage of our intellectual property. We believe that our competitiveness depends much more on the pace of our product development, trade secrets, and our relationships with customers. We have from time to time been made aware of others in the industry who assert exclusive rights to certain

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technologies, usually in the form of an offer to license certain rights for fees or royalties. Our policy is to evaluate such claims on a case-by-case basis. We may seek to enter into licensing agreements with companies having or asserting rights to technologies if we conclude that such licensing arrangements are necessary or desirable in developing specific products.
Employees
      As of February 28, 2005 we had 601 employees, of which 533 were regular employees and 68 were agency temporary employees or contractors. We are not subject to any collective bargaining agreement, have never been subject to a work stoppage, and believe that we have maintained good relationships with our employees.
Corporate History
      RadiSys Corporation was incorporated in March 1987 under the laws of the State of Oregon.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
      This Annual Report on Form 10-K may contain forward-looking statements. Our statements concerning our beliefs about the success of our shift in business strategy from perfect fit solutions to standards-based solutions, expectations and goals for revenues, gross margin, research and development expenses, selling, general, and administrative expenses, the impact of our restructuring events on future revenues, the anticipated cost savings effects of our restructuring activities, and our projected liquidity are some of the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All statements that relate to future events or to our future performance are forward-looking statements. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “plans,” “seeks,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue,” “seek to continue,” “intends,” or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements are made pursuant to safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results or our industries’ actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.
      Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K include discussions of our goals, including those discussions set forth in Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. We cannot provide assurance that these goals will be achieved.
      Although forward-looking statements help provide complete information about us, investors should keep in mind that forward-looking statements are only predictions, at a point in time, and are inherently less reliable than historical information. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically consider the risks outlined above and those listed under “Risk Factors.” These risk factors may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement.
      We do not guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements and we do not assume responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of these statements. The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are based on information as of the date of this report. We assume no obligation to update any of these statements based on information after the date of this report.

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RISK FACTORS
Risk Factors Related to Our Business
Because of our dependence on certain customers, the loss of, or a substantial decline in sales to, a top customer could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and profitability.
      During 2004, we derived 58.2% of our revenues from five customers. These five customers were Nokia, Nortel, IBM, Comverse and Diebold. During 2004, revenues attributable to Nokia and Nortel were 28.5% and 13.7%, respectively. We believe that sales to these customers will continue to be a substantial percentage of our revenues. A financial hardship experienced by, or a substantial decrease in sales to any one of our top customers could materially affect revenues and profitability.
We are shifting our business from predominately perfect fit solutions to more standards-based products, such as ATCA products, which requires substantial expenditures for research and development and could adversely affect our short-term earnings and, if the strategy is not properly executed, it could have a material adverse effect on our long-term revenues, profitability and financial condition.
      We are shifting our business from predominately perfect fit solutions to more standards-based solutions, such as ATCA products. There can be no assurance that this strategy will be successful. This strategy requires us to make substantial expenditures for research and development in new technologies that we reflect as a current expense in our financial statements. We believe that these investments in standards-based products and new technologies will allow us to provide a broader set of products and building blocks to take to market and allow us to grow on a long-term basis. Revenues from some of these investments, such as ATCA, are not expected to result in any significant revenue opportunities for at least twelve to eighteen months. Accordingly, these expenditures could adversely affect our short-term earnings. In addition, there is no assurance that these new products and technologies will be accepted by our customers and, if accepted, how large the market will be for these products or what the timing will be for any meaningful revenues. If we are unable to successfully develop and sell standards-based products to our customers, our revenues, profitability and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Not all new product development projects ramp into production, and if ramped into production the volumes derived from such projects may not be as significant as we had originally estimated, which could have a substantial negative impact on our anticipated revenues and profitability.
      If a product development project actually ramps into production, the average ramp into production begins about 12 months after the project launch, although some more complex projects can take up to 24 months or longer. After that, there is an additional time lag from the start of production ramp to peak revenue. Not all projects ramp into production and even if a project is ramped into production, the volumes derived from such projects may not be as significant as we had originally estimated. Projects are sometimes canceled or delayed, or can perform below original expectations, which can adversely impact anticipated revenues and profitability.
Our business depends on the service provider, commercial and enterprise systems markets in which demand can be cyclical, and any inability to sell products to these markets could have a material adverse effect on our revenues.
      We derive our revenues from a number of diverse end markets, some of which are subject to significant cyclical changes in demand. In 2004, we derived 43.4%, 31.9% and 24.7% of our revenues from the service provider, the commercial and the enterprise systems markets, respectively. We believe that our revenues will continue to be derived primarily from these three markets. Service provider revenues include, but are not limited to, telecommunications sales to Comverse, Lucent, Nokia and Nortel. Commercial systems revenues include, but are not limited to, sales to Agilent Technologies, Beckman Coulter, Diebold, Philips Medical and Seimens AG. Enterprise systems revenues include, but are not limited to, sales to Avaya, IBM and Nortel. Generally, our customers are not the end-users of our products. If our customers

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experience adverse economic conditions in the markets into which they sell our products (end markets), we would expect a significant reduction in spending by our customers. Some of these end markets are characterized by intense competition, rapid technological change and economic uncertainty. Our exposure to economic cyclicality and any related fluctuation in customer demand in these end markets could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition. Significant reduction in our customers’ spending, such as what we experienced in 2001 and 2002, will result in decreased revenues and earnings. We continue to execute on our strategy of expanding into new end markets either through new product development projects with our existing customers or through new customer relationships, but no assurance can be given that this strategy will be successful.
Our projections of future revenues and earnings are highly subjective and may not reflect future results that may result in volatility in the price of our common stock.
      Most of our major customers have contracts but these contracts do not commit them to purchase a minimum amount of our products. These contracts generally require our customers to provide us with forecasts of their anticipated purchases. However, our recent experience indicates that customers can change their purchasing patterns quickly in response to market demands and therefore these forecasts may not be relied upon to accurately forecast sales. From time to time we provide projections to our shareholders and the investment community of our future sales and earnings. Since we do not have long-term purchase commitments from our major customers and the customer order cycle is short, it is difficult for us to accurately predict the amount of our sales and related earnings in any given period. Our projections are based on management’s best estimate of sales using historical sales data, information from customers and other information deemed relevant. These projections are highly subjective since sales to our customers can fluctuate substantially based on the demands of their customers and the relevant markets. If our actual sales or earnings are less than the projected amounts, the price of our common stock may be adversely affected.
Because of our dependence on a few suppliers, or in some cases one supplier, for some of the components we use, as well as our dependence on a few contract manufacturers to supply a majority of our products, a loss of a supplier, a shortage of any of these components, or a loss of a contract manufacturer could have a material adverse effect on our business or our financial performance.
      We depend on a few suppliers, or in some cases one supplier, for a continuing supply of the components we use in the manufacture of our products and any disruption in supply could adversely impact our financial performance. For example, we are dependent solely on Intel for the supply of some microprocessors and other components, and we depend on LSI, Epson Electronic America, Broadcom, NEC, Chen Ming, Triax and Texas Instruments as the sole source suppliers for other components such as integrated circuits and mechanical assemblies. Alternative sources of supply for some of these components would be difficult to locate and/or it would require a significant amount of time and resources to establish an alternative supply line. We also rely on contract manufacturers as the sole suppliers of certain RadiSys products. For example Foxconn produces certain products that we do not produce internally and that no other contact manufacturer produces for us. Alternative sources of supply for the RadiSys products that our contract manufacturers produce would be difficult to locate and/or it would require a significant amount of time and resources to establish an alternative supply line, including transitioning the products to be internally produced.
We are shifting a significant portion of our manufacturing to third party contract manufacturers and our inability to properly transfer our manufacturing or any failed or less than optimal execution on their behalf could adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
      We have traditionally manufactured a substantial portion of our products. To lower our costs and provide better value and more competitive products for our customers and to achieve higher levels of global fulfillment, we are shifting a significant amount of our manufacturing to third party contract manufacturers. At the end of 2004, our contract manufacturing partners were manufacturing approximately

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66% of all of our unit volume. We expect to increase our outsourcing to our contract manufacturers to 70% or more of our unit volume by the end of 2005. If we do not properly transfer our manufacturing expertise to these third party manufacturers or they fail to adequately perform, our revenues and profitability could be adversely affected. We also rely on contract manufacturers as the sole suppliers of certain RadiSys products. For example Foxconn produces certain products that we do not produce internally and that no other contact manufacturer produces for us. Alternative sources of supply for the RadiSys products that our contract manufacturers produce would be difficult to locate and/or it would require a significant amount of time and resources to establish an alternative supply line, including transitioning the products to be internally produced. We currently utilize several contract manufacturers for outsourced board and system production; however, we depend on two primary contract manufacturing partners, Foxconn, and Celestica, Inc.
Competition in the market for embedded systems is intense, and if we lose our position, our revenues and profitability could decline.
      We compete with a number of companies providing embedded systems, including Advantech Co., Artesyn Technologies, Continuous Computing, Embedded Communications Computing Group , a unit of Motorola, Hewlett Packard, divisions within Intel Corporation and IBM, Kontron AG, Mercury Computer Systems, Performance Technologies and SBS Technologies. Because the embedded systems market is growing, it is attracting new non-traditional competitors. These non-traditional competitors include contract-manufacturers that provide design services and Asian-based original design manufacturers. Some of our competitors and potential competitors have a number of significant advantages over us, including:
  •  a longer operating history;
 
  •  greater name recognition and marketing power;
 
  •  preferred vendor status with our existing and potential customers; and
 
  •  significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources, which allow them to respond more quickly to new or changing opportunities, technologies and customer requirements.
      Furthermore, existing or potential competitors may establish cooperative relationships with each other or with third parties or adopt aggressive pricing policies to gain market share.
      As a result of increased competition, we could encounter significant pricing pressures. These pricing pressures could result in significantly lower average selling prices for our products. We may not be able to offset the effects of any price reductions with an increase in the number of customers, cost reductions or otherwise. In addition, many of the industries we serve, such as the communications industry, are encountering market consolidation, or are likely to encounter consolidation in the near future, which could result in increased pricing pressure and additional competition.
Potential acquisitions and partnerships may be more costly or less profitable than anticipated and may adversely affect the price of our company stock.
      Future acquisitions and partnerships may involve the use of significant amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity or equity-linked securities, issuance of debt and amortization of intangible assets with determinable lives. Moreover, to the extent that any proposed acquisition or strategic investment is not favorably received by shareholders, analysts and others in the investment community, the price of our common stock could be adversely affected. In addition, acquisitions or strategic investments involve numerous risks, including:
  •  difficulties in the assimilation of the operations, technologies, products and personnel of the acquired company;
 
  •  the diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;

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  •  risks of entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience; and
 
  •  the potential loss of key employees of the acquired company.
      In the event that an acquisition or a partnership does occur and we are unable to successfully integrate operations, technologies, products or personnel that we acquire, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Our international operations expose us to additional political, economic and regulatory risks not faced by businesses that operate only in the United States.
      In 2004, we derived 5.0% of our revenues from Canada and Mexico, 50.1% of our revenues from EMEA and 6.1% from Asia Pacific. In addition, during 2004 we opened a development center in Shanghai, China and began to utilize a contract manufacturer in Shenzhen, China. As a result, we are subject to worldwide economic and market condition risks generally associated with global trade, such as fluctuating exchange rates, tariff and trade policies, domestic and foreign tax policies, foreign governmental regulations, political unrest, wars and other acts of terrorism and changes in other economic conditions. These risks, among others, could adversely affect our results of operations or financial position. Additionally, some of our sales to overseas customers are made under export licenses that must be obtained from the United States Department of Commerce. Protectionist trade legislation in either the United States or other countries, such as a change in the current tariff structures, export compliance laws, trade restrictions resulting from war or terrorism, or other trade policies could adversely affect our ability to sell or to manufacture in international markets. Furthermore, revenues from outside the United States are subject to inherent risks, including the general economic and political conditions in each country. These risks, among others, could adversely affect our results of operations or financial position.
If we are unable to generate sufficient income in the future, we may not be able to fully utilize our net deferred tax assets or support our current levels of goodwill and intangible assets on our balance sheet.
      We cannot provide absolute assurance that we will generate sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the net deferred tax assets of $27.4 million as of December 31, 2004. We may not generate sufficient taxable income due to earning lower than forecasted net income or incurring charges associated with unusual events, such as restructurings and acquisitions. Accordingly, we may record a full valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets if our expectations of future taxable income are not achieved. On the other hand, if we generate taxable income in excess of our expectations, the valuation allowance may be reduced accordingly. We also cannot provide absolute assurance that future income will support the carrying amount of goodwill and intangibles of $31.7 million on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2004, and therefore, we may incur an impairment charge in the future.
Because we have material levels of customer-specific inventory, a financial hardship experienced by our customers could have a material adverse impact on our profitability.
      We provide long-life support to our customers and therefore we have material levels of customer-specific inventory. A financial hardship experienced by our customers could materially affect the viability of the dedicated inventory, and ultimately adversely impact our profitability.
Our products for embedded computing applications are based on industry standards, which are continually evolving, and any failure to conform to these standards could have a substantial negative impact on our revenues and profitability.
      We develop and supply a mix of perfect fit and standards-based products. Standards-based products for embedded computing applications are often based on industry standards, which are continually evolving. Our future success in these products will depend, in part, upon our capacity to invest in, and successfully develop and introduce new products based on emerging industry standards. Our inability to invest in or conform to these standards could render parts of our product portfolio uncompetitive, unmarketable or obsolete. As our addressable markets develop new standards, we may be unable to

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successfully invest in, design and manufacture new products that address the needs of our customers or achieve substantial market acceptance.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property, we may lose a valuable competitive advantage or be forced to incur costly litigation to protect our rights.
      We are a technology dependent company, and our success depends on developing and protecting our intellectual property. We rely on patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secret laws to protect our intellectual property. At the same time, our products are complex, and are often not patentable in their entirety. We also license intellectual property from third parties and rely on those parties to maintain and protect their technology. We cannot be certain that our actions will protect proprietary rights. If we are unable to adequately protect our technology, or if we are unable to continue to obtain or maintain licenses for protected technology from third parties, it could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our period-to-period revenues, operating results and earnings per share fluctuate significantly, which may result in volatility in the price of our common stock.
      The price of our common stock may be subject to wide, rapid fluctuations. Our period-to-period revenues and operating results have varied in the past and may continue to vary in the future, and any such fluctuations may cause our stock price to fluctuate. Fluctuations in the stock price may also be due to other factors, such as changes in analysts’ estimates regarding earnings, or may be due to factors relating to the service provider, commercial and enterprise systems markets in general. Shareholders should be willing to incur the risk of such fluctuations.
Oregon corporate law, our articles of incorporation and our bylaws contain provisions that could prevent or discourage a third party from acquiring us even if the change of control would be beneficial to our shareholders.
      Our articles of incorporation and our bylaws contain anti-takeover provisions that could delay or prevent a change of control of our company, even if a change of control would be beneficial to our shareholders. These provisions:
  •  authorize our board of directors to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares without prior shareholder approval to increase the number of outstanding shares and deter or prevent a takeover attempt;
 
  •  establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by shareholders at shareholder meetings;
 
  •  prohibit cumulative voting in the election of directors, which would otherwise allow less than a majority of shareholders to elect director candidates; and
 
  •  limit the ability of shareholders to take action by written consent, thereby effectively requiring all common shareholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our common shareholders.
      In addition, if our common stock is acquired in specified transactions deemed to constitute “control share acquisitions”, provisions of Oregon law condition the voting rights that would otherwise be associated with those common shares upon approval by our shareholders (excluding, among other things, the acquirer in any such transaction). Provisions of Oregon law also restrict, subject to specified exceptions, the ability of a person owning 15% or more of our common stock to enter into any “business combination transaction” with us.
      The foregoing provisions of Oregon law and our articles of incorporation and bylaws could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock.

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In recent years, various state, federal and international laws and regulations governing the collection, treatment, recycling and disposal of certain materials used in the manufacturing of electrical and electronic components have been enacted. In support of these laws and regulations, we will incur significant additional expenditures and we may incur additional capital expenditures and asset impairments to ensure that our products and our vendor’s products are in compliance with these regulations, and we may also incur significant penalties in connection with any violations of these laws. Additionally, failure to comply with these regulations could have an adverse affect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. As a result, our financial condition or operating results may be negatively impacted.
      The most significant pieces of legislation relate to two European Union (“EU”) directives aimed at wastes from electrical and electronic equipment (“WEEE”) and the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances (“RoHS”). Specifically, the RoHS directive prohibits the use of certain types of materials, such as lead, in the manufacturing of electronic products. As of July 1, 2006 products sold within the EU, a market in which we sell a significant amount of our products, must be RoHS compliant. Failure to comply with such legislation could result in our customers refusing to purchase our products and subject us to significant monetary penalties in connection with a violation, both of which could have a materially adverse affect on our business, financial condition and results from operations.
Other Risk Factors Related to Our Business
      Other risk factors include, but are not limited to, changes in the mix of products sold, regulatory and tax legislation, changes in effective tax rates, inventory risks due to changes in market demand or our business strategies, potential litigation and claims arising in the normal course of business, credit risk of customers and other risk factors. Proposed changes to accounting rules, including proposals to account for employee stock options as a compensation expense, could materially increase the expense that we report under generally accepted accounting principles and adversely affect our operating results.
INTERNET INFORMATION
      Copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available free of charge through our website (www.radisys.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Item 2. Properties
      Information concerning our principal properties at December 31, 2004 is set forth below:
                             
            Square    
Location   Type   Principal Use   Footage   Ownership
                 
Hillsboro, OR
    Office & Plant     Headquarters, Marketing,     138,000       Leased  
            Manufacturing, Distribution, Research, and Engineering     23,000       Owned  
Des Moines, Iowa
    Office     Marketing, Research, and Engineering     12,655       Leased  
Boca Raton, FL
    Office     Marketing, Research, and Engineering     36,000       Leased  
      In addition to the above properties, we own two parcels of land adjacent to our Hillsboro, Oregon facility, which are being held for future expansion. We also lease sales offices in the United States located in San Diego, California; Cheshire, Connecticut and Marlborough, Massachusetts. We have international

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sales offices located in Munich, Germany; Tokyo, Japan; Birmingham, United Kingdom; and Dublin, Ireland. We have two offices to support our contract manufacturing partners and these offices are located in Charlotte, North Carolina and in Shenzhen, China. We also lease an office in Shanghai, China for our China-based Development Center.
      Beginning in the first quarter of 2001, we initiated a restructuring of our operations. As a result, we committed to vacate properties according to our restructuring plans. We partially vacated facilities in Boca Raton, Florida and fully vacated facilities in Campbell, California and Houston, Texas. At the end of 2004, we were utilizing or subleasing the majority of space in our facilities that were not vacated as a result of our restructuring plans.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
      In the opinion of management, there is no material litigation pending.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
      Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
      Our Common Stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “RSYS.” The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the highest and lowest closing sale prices for the Common Stock, as reported by the Nasdaq National Market.
                   
    High   Low
         
2004
               
 
Fourth Quarter
  $ 19.74     $ 12.60  
 
Third Quarter
    19.02       9.61  
 
Second Quarter
    24.85       15.13  
 
First Quarter
    24.80       16.70  
2003
               
 
Fourth Quarter
  $ 21.30     $ 15.84  
 
Third Quarter
    20.34       13.30  
 
Second Quarter
    13.58       5.35  
 
First Quarter
    8.10       5.99  
      The closing price as reported on NASDAQ on March 3, 2005 was $15.28 per share. As of March 3, 2005, there were approximately 350 holders of record of our common stock. We believe that the number of beneficial owners is substantially greater than the number of record holders because a large portion of our outstanding Common Stock is held of record in broker “street names” for the benefit of individual investors.
Dividend Policy
      We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock and do not expect to declare cash dividends on the common stock in the foreseeable future in compliance with our policy to retain all of our earnings to finance future growth.

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
                                           
    For the Years Ended December 31,
     
    2004   2003   2002   2001   2000