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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002

Commission file number 1-12508

 

 

S&T BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Pennsylvania

25-1434426

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation of organization)

(IRS Employer Identification No.)

43 South Ninth Street, Indiana, PA

15701

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code

(800) 325-2265

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

 


Common Stock, Par Value $2.50 per share

(Title of class)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.               Yes     X              No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (229-405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this form 10-K or any amendment to this form 10-K.{    }

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).              Yes     X              No

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant as of March 10, 2003:
Common Stock, $2.50 par value - $618,715,779

The number of shares outstanding of the issuer's classes of common stock as of March 10, 2003:
Common Stock, $2.50 par value - 26,422,013 shares

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the annual shareholders report for the year ended December 31, 2002 are incorporated by reference into Part II.

Portions of the proxy statement for the annual shareholders meeting to be held April 21, 2003 are incorporated by reference into Part III.

Page 1

PART I
Item 1.  BUSINESS

General

     S&T Bancorp, Inc. ("S&T") was incorporated on March 17, 1983 under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as a bank holding company and has two wholly owned subsidiaries, S&T Bank and S&T Investment Company, Inc. S&T owns a one-half interest in Commonwealth Trust Credit Life Insurance Company. S&T is registered as a financial holding company with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System under the Bank Holding Company Act, as amended.

     As of December 31, 2002, S&T had $2.8 billion in total assets, $306 million in total shareholder's equity and $1.9 billion in total deposits. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insures deposits fully provided by law.

     Total trust assets were approximately $843 million at December 31, 2002. Trust services include services as executor and trustee under wills and deeds, as guardian and custodian of employee benefit trusts and brokerage services.

     S&T Bank is a full service bank with its Main Office at 800 Philadelphia Street, Indiana, Pennsylvania, providing service to its customers through a branch network of 46 offices located in Allegheny, Armstrong, Butler Clarion, Clearfield, Indiana, Jefferson and Westmoreland counties of Pennsylvania.

     S&T Bank's services include accepting time and demand deposit accounts, originating commercial and consumer loans, providing letters of credit, offering discount brokerage services, personal financial planning and credit card services. S&T Bank has a relatively stable deposit base and no material amount of deposits is obtained from a single depositor or group of depositors (including federal, state and local governments). S&T Bank has not experienced significant fluctuations in deposits.

     S&T Bank has three wholly owned subsidiaries, S&T Insurance Group, LLC, S&T Bancholdings, Inc. and S&T Professional Resources Group, LLC. In May 2002, S&T Professional Resources Group, LLC was formed to market software developed by S&T. In August 2002, S&T Bancholdings, Inc. was formed as an investment holding company. In August 2002, S&T Bank acquired Evergreen Insurance Associates, Inc., a multi-line insurance agency with a client base of approximately 2,000 customers in Pennsylvania, Maryland and West Virginia. Evergreen Insurance Associates, Inc. was merged into Evergreen Insurance, LLC at merger. Evergreen Insurance, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of S&T Insurance Group, LLC.

Employees

     As of December 31, 2002, S&T Bank and subsidiaries had 765 full-time equivalent employees. S&T provides a variety of employment benefits and considers its relationship with its employees to be good.

Supervision and Regulation

General

     S&T and S&T Bank are each extensively regulated under both federal and state law. The following information describes certain aspects of that regulation applicable to S&T and S&T Bank and does not purport to be complete. To the extent statutory or regulatory provisions are described, the description is qualified in its entirety by reference to the particular statutory or regulatory provisions. Proposals to change the laws and regulations governing the banking industry are frequently raised in Congress, in state legislatures and before the various bank regulatory agencies. The likelihood and timing on any changes and the impact such changes might have on S&T or S&T Bank are impossible to determine with any certainty. A change in applicable laws or regulations, or a change in the way such laws or regulations are interpreted by regulatory agencies or courts, may have a material impact on the business, operations and earnings of S&T and S&T Bank.

Page 2

S&T

     S&T is a bank holding company subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended ("BHCA"), and the examination and reporting requirements of the Federal Reserve Board. Under the BHCA a bank holding company may not directly or indirectly acquire ownership or control of more than five percent of the voting shares or substantially all of the assets of any additional bank, or merge or consolidate with another bank holding company, without the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board. S&T also is subject to the supervision and regulation of the Pennsylvania Department of Banking ("PADB").

     S&T became a financial holding company under BHCA as amended by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 ("GLB") in 2001. In order to maintain its status as a financial holding company, all depository institutions controlled by the bank holding company must be well capitalized and well managed, and have at least a "satisfactory" Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA") rating. S&T and S&T Bank currently satisfy these criteria. No regulatory approval is required for a financial holding company to acquire a company, other than a bank or savings association, engaged in activities that are financial in nature or incidental to activities that are financial in nature, as determined by the Federal Reserve Board. The GLB defines "financial in nature" to include securities underwriting, dealing and market making; sponsoring mutual funds and investment companies; insurance underwriting and agency; merchant banking activities; and activities that the Federal Reserve Boar d has determined to be closely related to banking. Banks also may engage, subject to limitations on investment, in activities that are financial in nature, other than insurance underwriting, insurance company portfolio investment, real estate development and real estate investment, through a financial subsidiary of the bank, if the bank is well capitalized, well managed and has at least a "satisfactory" CRA rating. The GLB also establishes a system of functional regulation, under which the federal banking agencies will regulate the banking activities of financial holding companies and banks' financial subsidiaries, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") will regulate their securities activities and state insurance regulators will regulate their insurance activities. In addition, rules developed by the federal banking agencies pursuant to the GLB require disclosure of privacy policies to consumers and in some circumstances, allow consumers to prevent the disclosure of certain personal informa tion to nonaffiliated third parties.

     S&T is presently engaged in three nonbanking activities: S&T Investment Company, Inc., Commonwealth Trust Credit Life Insurance Company ("CTCLIC") and S&T Insurance Group, LLC. S&T Investment Company, Inc. was formed in June 1988 to hold and manage a group of investments previously owned by S&T Bank and to give S&T additional latitude to purchase other investments. CTCLIC, which is a joint venture with another financial institution, acts as a reinsurer of credit life, accident and health insurance policies sold by S&T Bank and the other institution. S&T Insurance Group, LLC distributes high-quality life insurance and long-term disability income insurance products. During 2002, S&T Insurance Group, LLC expanded into the property and casualty insurance business with the acquisition of Evergreen Insurance, LLC.

     There are a number of obligations and restrictions imposed on financial holding companies and their depository institution subsidiaries by federal law and regulatory policy that are designed to reduce potential loss exposure to the depositors of such depository institutions and to the FDIC insurance funds in the event the depository institution becomes in danger of default or in default. For example, under a policy of the Federal Reserve Board with respect to bank holding company operations, a bank holding company is required to serve as a source of financial strength to its subsidiary depository institutions and to commit resources to support such institutions in circumstances where it might not do so otherwise. In addition, under the cross-guarantee provisions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (the "FDIA"), a financial institution insured by the FDIC that is under common control with a failed or failing FDIC-insured institution can be required to r eimburse the FDIC for losses resulting from the insolvency of the failed institution or from assistance to the failing institution, even if this causes the affiliated institution also to become insolvent.

S&T Bank

     As a state-chartered, commercial bank, the deposits of which are insured by the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF") of the FDIC, S&T Bank is subject to the supervision and regulation of the PADB and the FDIC. S&T Bank also is subject to various requirements and restrictions under federal and state law, including requirements to maintain reserves against deposits, restrictions on the types, amount and terms and conditions of loans that may be granted, and limits on the type of other activities in which S&T Bank may engage and the investments it may make.

Page 3

     S&T Bank also is subject to federal laws that limit the amount of transactions between itself and S&T or S&T's nonbank subsidiaries. Under these provisions, transactions by a bank with its parent company or any nonbank affiliate generally are limited to 10 percent of the bank subsidiary's capital and surplus or 20 percent in the aggregate. Further, loans and extensions of credit generally are required to be secured by eligible collateral in specified amounts. The GLB imposes similar restrictions on transactions between a bank and its financial subsidiaries. A bank, such as S&T Bank is prohibited from purchasing any "low quality" asset from an affiliate. S&T Bank is in compliance with these provisions.

Insurance of Accounts; Depositor Preference

     The deposits of S&T Bank are insured up to $100,000 per insured depositor by the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF") of the FDIC. As an FDIC-insured bank, S&T Bank also is subject to FDIC insurance assessments. Currently, the amount of FDIC assessments paid by individual insured depository institutions ranges from zero to $.27 per $100 of insured deposits, based on their relative risk to the deposit insurance funds, as measured by the institutions' regulatory capital position and other supervisory factors. S&T Bank currently pays the lowest premium rate based upon this risk assessment. However, the FDIC retains the ability to increase regular assessments and to levy special additional assessments.

     In addition to deposit insurance fund assessments, beginning in 1997 the FDIC assessed BIF-assessable and Savings Association Insurance Fund ("SAIF")-assessable deposits to fund the repayment of debt obligations of the Financing Corporation ("FICO"). FICO is a government-sponsored entity that was formed to borrow the money necessary to carry out the closing and ultimate disposition of failed thrift institutions by the Resolution Trust Corporation. The current annualized rate established by the FDIC for both BIF-assessable and SAIF-assessable deposits is 1.68 basis points (hundredths of one percent).

     Under federal law, deposits and certain claims for administrative expenses and employee compensation against insured depository institutions are afforded a priority over other general unsecured claims against such an institution, including federal funds and letters of credit, in the liquidation or other resolution of such an institution by any receiver appointed by regulatory authorities. Such priority creditors would include the FDIC.

Capital

     The Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC have issued substantially similar risk-based and leverage capital guidelines applicable to banking organizations they supervise. Under the risk-based capital requirements, S&T and S&T Bank each generally is required to maintain a minimum ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets (including certain off-balance sheet activities, such as standby letters of credit), of eight percent. At least half of the total capital is to be composed of common equity, retained earnings and qualifying perpetual preferred stock, less certain intangibles ("Tier I capital"). The remainder may consist of certain subordinated debt, certain hybrid capital instruments and other qualifying preferred stock, and a limited amount of the loan loss allowance ("Tier II capital") and, together with Tier I capital, ("Total capital"). At December 31, 2002, S&T's Tier I and Total capital ratios were 9.95 percent and 11.63 percent, respect ively, and the ratios of Tier I capital and Total capital to total risk-adjusted assets for S&T Bank were 9.35 percent and 10.60 percent, respectively.

     In addition, each of the federal bank regulatory agencies has established minimum leverage capital ratio requirements for banking organizations. These requirements provide for a minimum leverage ratio of Tier I capital to adjusted average quarterly assets equal to four percent for bank and bank holding companies that meet certain specified criteria, including that they have the highest regulatory rating and are not experiencing significant growth or expansion. All other banks and bank holding companies will generally be required to maintain a leverage ratio of at least 100 to 200 basis points above the stated minimum. S&T's leverage ratio at December 31, 2002 was 8.46 percent, and S&T Bank's leverage ratio was 7.93 percent.

Page 4

     Both the Federal Reserve Board's and the FDIC's risk-based capital standards explicitly identify concentrations of credit risk and the risk arising from non-traditional activities, as well as an institution's ability to manage these risks, as important factors to be taken into account by the agency in assessing an institution's overall capital adequacy. The capital guidelines also provide that an institution's exposure to a decline in the economic value of its capital due to changes in interest rates be considered by the agency as a factor in evaluating a bank's capital adequacy. The Federal Reserve Board also has recently issued additional capital guidelines for certain bank holding companies that engage in trading activities. S&T does not believe that consideration of these additional factors will affect the regulators' assessment of S&T's or S&T Bank's capital position.

Payment of Dividends

     S&T is a legal entity separate and distinct from its banking and other subsidiaries. A major portion of the revenues of S&T result from amounts paid as dividends to S&T by S&T Bank. S&T Bank, in turn, is subject to state laws and regulations that limit the amount of dividends it can pay to S&T. In addition, both S&T and S&T Bank are subject to various general regulatory policies relating to the payment of dividends, including requirements to maintain adequate capital above regulatory minimums. The Federal Reserve Board has indicated that banking organizations should generally pay dividends only if (1) the organization's net income available to common shareholders over the past year has been sufficient to fund fully the dividends and (2) the prospective rate of earnings retention appears consistent with the organization's capital needs, asset quality and overall financial condition. S&T does not expect that any of these l aws, regulations or policies will materially influence its ability or the ability of S&T Bank to pay dividends. During the year ended December 31, 2002, S&T Bank paid $25.9 million in cash dividends to S&T.

Other Safety and Soundness Regulations

     Under the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA") the federal banking agencies possess broad powers to take prompt corrective action to resolve problems of insured depository institutions. The extent of these powers depends upon whether the institution in question is "well capitalized", "adequately capitalized", "undercapitalized", "significantly undercapitalized", or "critically undercapitalized", as defined by the law. Under regulations established by the federal banking agencies, a "well capitalized" institution must have a Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 6 percent, a Total capital ratio of at least 10 percent and a leverage ratio of at least 5 percent and not be subject to a capital directive order. An "adequately capitalized" institution must have a Tier 1 capital ratio of at least 4 percent, a Total capital ratio of at least 8 percent and a leverage ratio of at least 4 percent, or 3 percent in some cases. As of Decem ber 31, 2002, S&T Bank was classified as "well capitalized". The classification of depository institutions is primarily for the purpose of applying the federal banking agencies' prompt corrective action provisions and is not intended to be, and should not be interpreted as a representation of overall financial condition or prospects of any financial institution.

     The federal banking agencies' prompt corrective action powers (which increase depending upon the degree to which an institution is undercapitalized) can include, among other things, requiring an insured depository institution to adopt a capital restoration plan which cannot be approved unless guaranteed by the institution's parent company; placing limits on asset growth and restrictions on activities, including restrictions on transactions with affiliates; restricting the interest rates the institution may pay on deposits; prohibiting the payment of principal or interest on subordinated debt; prohibiting the holding company from making capital distributions without prior regulatory approval and, ultimately, appointing a receiver for the institution. Among other things, only a "well capitalized" depository institution may accept brokered deposits without prior regulatory approval.

     As required by FDICIA, the federal banking agencies also have adopted guidelines prescribing safety and soundness standards relating to internal controls and information systems, internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth and compensation, fees and benefits. In general, the guidelines require, among other things, appropriate systems and practices to identify and manage the risks and exposures specified in the guidelines. The guidelines prohibit excessive compensation as an unsafe and unsound practice and describe compensation as excessive when the amounts paid are unreasonable or disproportionate to the services performed by an executive officer, employee, director or principal stockholder. In addition, the agencies adopted regulations that authorize, but do not require, an agency to order an institution that has been given notice by an agency that it is not in compliance with any of such safety and so undness standards to submit a compliance plan. If, after being so notified, an institution fails to submit an acceptable compliance plan, the agency must issue an order directing action to correct the deficiency and may issue an order directing other actions of the types to which an undercapitalized institution is subject under the prompt corrective action provisions described above.

Page 5

Regulatory Enforcement Authority

     The enforcement powers available to federal banking agencies are substantial and include, among other things and in addition to other powers described herein, the ability to assess civil money penalties, to issue cease-and-desist or removal orders and to initiate injunctive actions against banks and bank holding companies and "institution affiliated parties," as defined in the FDIA. In general, these enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of laws and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices. Other actions or inactions may provide the basis for enforcement action, including misleading or untimely reports filed with regulatory authorities.

     The PADB also has broad enforcement powers over S&T Bank, including the power to impose fines and other civil and criminal penalties, and to appoint a conservator or receiver.

Interstate Banking and Branching

     The BHCA currently permits bank holding companies from any state to acquire banks and bank holding companies located in any other state, subject to certain conditions, including certain nation-wide and state-imposed concentration limits. S&T Bank has the ability, subject to certain restrictions, including state opt-out provisions, to acquire by acquisition or merger, branches of banks located outside of Pennsylvania, its home state. The establishment of de novo interstate branches is also possible in those states where expressly permitted. Once a bank has established branches in a state through an interstate merger transaction, the bank may establish and acquire additional branches at any location in the state where a bank headquartered in that state could have established or acquired branches under applicable federal or state law.

Community Reinvestment and Consumer Protection Laws

     In connection with its lending activities, S&T Bank is subject to a number of federal laws designed to protect borrowers and promote lending to various sectors of the economy and population. These include the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Truth-in-Lending Act, the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act and the Community Reinvestment Act (the "CRA").

     The CRA requires the appropriate federal banking agency, in connection with its examination of a bank, to assess the bank's record in meeting the credit needs of the communities served by the bank, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. Furthermore, such assessment also is required of any bank that has applied, among other things, to merge or consolidate with or acquire the assets or assume the liabilities of an insured depository institution, or to open or relocate a branch office. In the case of a bank holding company (including a financial holding company) applying for approval to acquire a bank or bank holding company, the Federal Reserve Board will assess the record of each subsidiary bank of the applicant bank holding company in considering the application. Under the CRA, institutions are assigned a rating of "outstanding," "satisfactory," "needs to improve" or "unsatisfactory." S&T Bank was rated "satisfactory" in its most recent CRA eval uation.

USA Patriot Act

The USA Patriot Act imposes additional obligations on U.S. financial institutions, including banks and broker dealer subsidiaries, to implement policies, procedures and controls that are reasonably designed to detect and report instances of money laundering and the financing of terrorism. In addition, provisions of the USA Patriot Act require the federal financial institution regulatory agencies to consider the effectiveness of a financial institution's anti-money laundering activities when reviewing bank mergers and bank holding company acquisitions.

Page 6

Distribution of Assets, Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity; Interest Rates and Interest Differential.

     The following discussion and analysis is presented so that shareholders may review in further detail the financial condition and results of operations of S&T. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements, selected financial data and management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations incorporated by reference from the S&T Bancorp, Inc. 2002 annual report. References to assets and liabilities and changes thereto represent daily average balances for the periods discussed, unless otherwise noted.

     Net interest income represents the difference between the interest and fees earned on interest-earning assets and the interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is affected by changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and changes in interest yields and rates. Interest on loans to and obligations of state, municipalities and other public entities is not subject to federal income tax. As such, the stated (pre-tax) yield on these assets is lower than the yields on taxable assets of similar risk and maturity. In order to make the pre-tax income and resultant yields comparable to taxable loans and investments, a taxable equivalent adjustment was added to interest income in the tables below. This adjustment has been calculated using the U.S. federal statutory corporate income tax rate of 35% for 2002, 2001 and 2000. The following table demonstrates the amount that has been added to interest income per t he summary of operations:

 

Year Ended December 31

 

2002

2001

2000

 

(in thousands of dollars)

Interest income per consolidated
     statements of income


$151,160


$166,702


$176,184

Adjustment to fully taxable
     equivalent basis


2,976


2,938


3,105

Interest income adjusted to fully
     taxable equivalent basis


154,136


169,640


179,289

Interest expense

56,300

76,713

86,141

Net interest income adjusted to fully
     taxable equivalent basis


$97,836


$92,927


$93,148

Page 7
Item 1. BUSINESS - Continued


Average Balance Sheet and Net Interest Income Analysis

 

December 31

 

2002

2001

2000

 

Average
Balance


Interest

Yield/
Rate

Average
Balance


Interest

Yield/
Rate

Average
Balance


Interest

Yield/
Rate


ASSETS

(in thousands of dollars)

 Loans (1)(2)

$1,759,018

$122,769

6.98%

$1,639,946

$135,670

8.27%

$1,548,945

$138,860

8.96%

 Taxable investment securities

548,428

30,237

5.51%

489,654

31,876

6.51%

535,135

37,895

7.08%

 Tax-exempt investment securities(2)

19,119

1,123

5.87%

10,625

873

8.22%

13,690

1,186

8.66%

 Interest-earning deposits with banks

90

4

4.44%

87

6

6.90%

109

9

8.26%

 Federal funds sold

171

3

1.75%

27,912

1,215

4.35%

21,332

1,339

6.28%

Total interest-earning assets (3)

2,326,826

154,136

6.62%

2,168,224

169,640

7.82%

2,119,211

179,289

8.46%


Noninterest-earning assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Cash and due from banks

41,061

 

 

37,031

 

 

36,171

 

 

 Premises and equipment, net

21,817

 

 

20,821

 

 

20,522

 

 

 Market value appreciation of
   securities available for sale


44,810

 

 


54,388

 

 


26,600

 

 

 Other assets

97,369

 

 

80,095

 

 

79,017

 

 

Less allowance for loan losses

(28,625)

 

 

(28,286)

 

 

(29,184)

 

 

 

$2,503,258

 

 

$2,332,273

 

 

$2,252,337

 

 


LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Interest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 NOW/Money market accounts

$494,757

$4,846

0.98%

$446,701

$10,667

2.39%

$419,214

$15,647

3.73%

 Savings deposits

169,988

1,494

0.88%

146,735

2,283

1.56%

154,226

3,390

2.20%

 Time deposits

767,455

32,357

4.22%

748,630

40,226

5.37%

679,684

37,430

5.51%

 Federal funds purchased

76,186

1,401

1.84%

7,481

187

2.49%

2,142

139

6.49%

 Securities sold under agreements
   to repurchase


123,820


1,690


1.36%


72,284


2,268


3.14%


102,379


5,863


5.73%

 Long-term borrowings

236,181

14,512

6.14%

333,636

21,082

6.32%

377,352

23,672

6.27%

Total interest-bearing liabilities (3)

1,868,387

56,300

3.01%

1,755,467

76,713

4.37%

1,734,997

86,141

4.96%


Noninterest-bearing liabilities:

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 Demand deposits

282,104

 

 

234,519

 

 

223,045

 

 

 Other

51,849

 

 

50,214

 

 

40,264

 

 


Shareholders' equity


300,918

 

 


292,073

 

 


254,031

 

 

 

$2,503,258

 

 

$2,332,273

 

 

$2,252,337

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net interest income

 

$97,836

 

 

$92,927

 

 

$93,148

 

Net yield on interest-earning assets

 

 

4.21%

 

 

4.29%

 

 

4.40%


(1) For the purpose of these computations, nonaccruing loans are included in the daily average loan amounts outstanding.
(2) Tax-exempt income is on a fully taxable equivalent basis, including the dividend-received deduction for equity securities, using the statutory federal corporate income tax rate of 35% for 2002, 2001 and 2000.
(3) Yields are calculated using historical cost basis.

Page 8

Item 1.  BUSINESS - Continued


The following tables set forth for the periods indicated a summary of the changes in interest earned and interest paid resulting from changes in volume and changes in rates:

 

2002 Compared to 2001
Increase (Decrease) Due to (1)

 

2001 Compared to 2000
Increase (Decrease) Due to (1)

 

Volume

Rate

Net

 

Volume

Rate

Net


(in thousands of dollars)

Interest earned on:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  Loans (2)

$9,851

$(22,752)

$(12,901)

 

$8,154

$(11,344)

$(3,190)

  Taxable investment securities

3,826

(5,465)

(1,639)

 

(3,220)

(2,799)

(6,019)

  Tax-exempt investment securities (2)

698

(448)

250

 

(265)

(48)

(313)

  Interest-earning deposits

0

(2)

(2)

 

(2)

(1)

(3)

  Federal funds sold

(1,208)

(4)

(1,212)

 

413

(537)

(124)

Total interest-earning assets

$13,167

$(28,671)

$(15,504)

 

$5,080

$(14,729)

$(9,649)


Interest paid on:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  NOW/Money market accounts

$1,148

$(6,969)

$(5,821)

 

$1,025

$(6,005)

$(4,980)

  Savings deposits

362

(1,151)

(789)

 

(165)

(942)

(1,107)

  Time deposits

1,012

(8,881)

(7,869)

 

3,799

(1,002)

2,796

  Securities sold under agreements
     to repurchase


1,253


(1,831)


(578)

 


(1,724)


(1,871)


(3,595)

  Federal funds purchased

1,717

(503)

1,214

 

346

(299)

47

  Long-term borrowings

(5,816)

(754)

(6,570)

 

(2,741)

152

(2,589)

Total interest-bearing liabilities

$(324)

$(20,089)

$(20,413)

 

$540

$(9,967)

$(9,428)


Change in net interest income


$13,491


$(8,582)


$4,909

 


$4,540


$(4,762)


$(221)


(1) The change in interest due to both volume and rate has been allocated to volume and rate changes in proportion to the relationship of the absolute dollar amounts of the change in each.
(2)  Tax-exempt income is on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the statutory federal corporate income tax rate of 35% for 2002, 2001 and 2000.

INFLATION AND CHANGING INTEREST RATES

     The majority of assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature and therefore differ greatly from most commercial and industrial companies that have significant investments in fixed assets or inventory. Fluctuations in interest rates and the efforts of the Federal Reserve Board to regulate money and credit have a greater effect on a financial institution's profitability than do the effects of higher costs for goods and services. Through its Asset/Liability Management Committee ("ALCO"), S&T is positioned to cope with changing interest rates and inflationary trends. ALCO monitors and manages interest rate sensitivity through gap, simulation and duration analysis.

     The schedule below presents S&T's interest rate sensitivity at December 31, 2002 using gap analysis. The gap and cumulative gap represents the net position of assets and liabilities subject to repricing in specified time periods, as measured by a ratio of rate sensitive assets to rate sensitive liabilities. ALCO policy guidelines for cumulative gap in the six and twelve month time frames, annually approved by the S&T Board of Directors, is currently a range of 0.85 to 1.15. Management believes this range provides an acceptable and manageable level of interest rate risk for S&T. Significant to gap analysis is the expected rate of asset prepayment, calls on securities and the behavior of depositors during periods of changing interest rates. For example, in periods of declining interest rates, borrowers can be expected to accelerate loan prepayments and refinancing; depositors will tend to hold those certificates of deposits with rates higher than the then current market rate. Conversely, in a rising interest rate scenario, borrower refinancing and prepayments typically decrease, while deposit shifting and early withdrawals tend to accelerate as depositors position funds to earn higher yields.

Page 9

Item 1.  BUSINESS - Continued


     ALCO continually monitors these historical behavior patterns through periods of changing interest rates, and uses this information to develop loan prepayments and decay rates for Core Deposits (demand, NOW, savings). The gap analysis below incorporates a flat rate scenario, and the following significant assumptions:

Monthly loan prepayments above contractual requirements

     3 year ARM - Commercial Real Estate
     5 year ARM - Commercial Real Estate
     Fixed Rate - Commercial Real Estate
     Residential Real Estate
     Other Installment Loans

2.25%
3.00%
1.50%
5.25%
2.50%

Deposit behavioral pattern/decay rate assumptions

     NOW and Savings - Year #1
     NOW and Savings - Year #2
     NOW and Savings - beyond Year #2
     Money market pricing is indexed and tiered to market interest rates.
     S&T has not historically experienced fluctuations in demand deposit
          balances during periods of interest rate fluctuations.

25.00%
25.00%
50.00%
NA

NA

Interest Rate Sensitivity
December 31, 2002
(in thousands of dollars)

GAP

1-6 Months

7-12 Months

13-24 Months

>2 Years

Repricing Assets:

 

 

 

 

  Cash/Due From Banks

$-

$-

$-

$50,421

  Securities

104,774

77,275

124,941

334,171

  Net Loans

991,973

243,517

335,160

398,102

  Other Assets

-

-

-

163,533

     Total

$1,096,747

$320,792

$460,101

$946,227

Repricing Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

  Demand

$-

$-

$-

$330,160

  NOW

19,872

19,872

39,746

79,491

  Money Market

414,217

-

-

-

  Savings/Clubs

24,400

24,400

48,798

97,598

  Certificates

255,932

104,106

182,723

284,804

  Repos & Short-term Borrowings

319,388

-

-

-

  Long-term Borrowings

-

61,000

89,300

61,393

  Swaps

25,000

-

-

(25,000)

  Other Liabilities/Equity

-

-

-

366,667

     Total

$1,058,809

$209,378

$360,567

$1,195,113

Gap

$37,938

$111,414

$99,534

($248,886)

Cumulative GAP

$37,938

$149,352

$248,886

$-



Rate Sensitive Assets/Rate Sensitive Liabilities


Current
Month


Policy
Guideline

Immediate
Core Deposit
Repricing

     Cumulative 6 months

1.04

.85-1.15

0.80

     Cumulative 12 months

1.12

.85-1.15

0.92

Page 10

Item 1.  BUSINESS - Continued


     
S&T's one-year gap position at December 31, 2002 is asset sensitive. Asset sensitive means that more assets than liabilities of S&T will reprice during the measured timeframes. The implications of an asset sensitive position will differ depending upon the current trend of market interest rates.

     For example, with an asset sensitive position in a declining interest rate environment, the cost of S&T repricing assets can theoretically be expected to decline more quickly than the yields on S&T repricing liabilities. This situation would cause a decrease to S&T's interest rate spreads, net interest income and to operating income. Liquidity impacts in this scenario, other than increased costs, would not be material unless serious ongoing declines in operating results caused depositors, lenders and investors to lose confidence.

     Conversely, an asset sensitive gap position in a rising interest rate scenario would theoretically have a positive impact to interest rate spreads, net income and to operating income. Liquidity impacts would not be material in the short-term; in the long-term, improved operating income is always beneficial to liquidity issues.

     Gap analysis usefulness as a measurement of interest rate risk is limited because the time period measured is static. Simulation provides a more dynamic modeling tool for interest rate risk because this technique can incorporate future assumptions about interest rates, volume fluctuations and customer behaviors. ALCO uses simulation to measure changes in net interest income during a 2%, plus or minus, change in current market interest rates (Rate Shock Analysis). Current ALCO policy guidelines require that declines in forecasted net interest income do not exceed 3% because of Rate Shock Analysis.

     Duration techniques are a relatively new addition to S&T's interest rate risk monitoring tools. Duration modeling is primarily used to assist in matching fundings for large commercial loans, security purchases and segments of the installment loan portfolios.

Securities

     S&T invests in various securities in order to provide a source of liquidity, increase net interest income and as an ALCO tool to quickly reposition the balance sheet for interest rate risk purposes. Securities are subject to similar interest rate and credit risks as loans. In addition, by their nature, securities classified as available for sale are also subject to market value risks that could negatively affect the level of liquidity available to S&T, as well as equity.

     Risks associated with various securities portfolios are managed and monitored by investment policies annually approved by the S&T Board of Directors, and administered through ALCO and the Treasury function of S&T Bank. As of December 31, 2002, management is not aware of any risk associated with securities that would be expected to have a significant, negative effect to S&T's statement of condition or statement of operations.

Page 11

Item 1.  BUSINESS - Continued


     The following table sets forth the carrying amount of securities at the dates indicated:

 

December 31

 

2002

2001

2000

 

(in thousands of dollars)

Available for Sale

 

 

 

Marketable equity securities

$71,819

$112,312

$114,317

Obligations of U.S. government corporations
   and agencies


286,739


188,111


334,797

Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S.
   government corporations and agencies


156,784


151,794


- -

Mortgage-backed securities

15,828

24,924

5,563

U.S. treasury securities

6,130

6,113

11,201

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

31,004

12,519

-

Corporate securities

43,684

66,075

64,237

Other securities

28,795

16,602

37,285

TOTAL

$640,783

$578,450

$567,400


Held to Maturity

 

 

 

Obligations of states and political subdivisions

$381

$6,815

$11,512

Corporate securities

-

-

2,000

TOTAL

$381

$6,815

$13,512


     
The following table sets forth the maturities of securities at December 31, 2002, and the weighted average yields of such securities (calculated on the basis of the cost and effective yields weighted for the scheduled maturity of each security). Tax-equivalent adjustments (using a 35% federal income tax rate) for 2002 have been made in calculating yields on obligations of states and political subdivisions.

 

Maturing

 

Within
One Year

After One But Within Five Years

After Five But Within Ten Years

After
Ten Years

No Fixed
Maturity

 

Amount

Yield

Amount

Yield

Amount

Yield

Amount

Yield

Amount

 

(in thousands of dollars)

Available for Sale

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable equity securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$71,819

Obligations of U.S. government
   corporations and agencies


$37,488


4.42%


$178,160


4.73%


$71,091


4.12%

 

 

 

Collateralized mortgage obligations     of U.S. government corporations     and agencies

 

 







29,149



4.81%



$127,635



4.96%

 

Obligations of states and
    political subdivisions




14,060


3.34%


15,744


3.16%


1,200


4.01%

 

Mortgage-backed securities

 

 

7,487

5.53%

7,347

5.64%

994

7.42%

 

U.S. treasury securities

 

 

6,130

7.80%

 

 

 

 

 

Corporate securities

21,691

6.52%

21,993

6.61%

 

 

 

 

 

Other securities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

28,795

     TOTAL

$59,179

 

$227,830

 

$123,331

 

$129,829

 

$100,614

Weighted Average Rate

 

5.19%

 

4.93%

 

4.25%

 

4.97%

 


Held to Maturity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Obligations of states and
   political subdivisions


$116


5.50%


$265


5.33%

 

 

 

 

 

     TOTAL

$116

 

$265

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average Rate

 

5.50%

 

5.33%

 

 

 

 

 

Page 12

Item 1.  BUSINESS - Continued


Loan Portfolio

     The following table shows S&T's loan distribution at the end of each of the last five years:

 

December 31

 

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

 

(in thousands of dollars)

Domestic Loans:

 

 

 

 

 

   Commercial, mortgage and
     industrial


$1,169,138


$1,016,113


$936,313


$830,847


$672,742

   Real estate - construction

191,927

115,825

113,856

94,786

87,246

   Real estate - mortgage

541,102

430,261

465,779

466,881

492,570

   Installment

96,726

80,569

89,076

103,763

113,351

TOTAL LOANS

$1,998,893

$1,642,768

$1,605,024

$1,496,277

$1,365,909


     The following table shows the maturity of loans (excluding residential mortgages of 1-4 family residences and installment loans) outstanding as of December 31, 2002. Also provided are the amounts due after one year classified according to the sensitivity to changes in interest rates.

 

Maturing

 

Within
One Year

After One But
Within Five Years

After
Five Years


Total

 

(in thousands of dollars)

Commercial, mortgage and     industrial


$461,019


$500,495


$207,624


$1,169,138

Real estate - construction

38,676

75,736

77,515

191,927

 

$499,695

$576,231

$285,139

$1,361,065


Fixed interest rates

 


$119,935


$79,136

 

Variable interest rates

 

456,296

206,003

 

 

 

$576,231

$285,139

 

Page 13

Item 1.  BUSINESS - Continued


Nonaccrual, Past Due and Restructured Loans

    The following table summarizes S&T's nonaccrual, past due and restructured loans:

 

December 31

 

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998


(in thousands of dollars)

Nonaccrual loans

$5,831

$8,253

$2,897

$2,987

$2,933

Accruing loans past due 90
  days or more


$-


$-


$-


$-


$-


     At December 31, 2002, $5,831,000 of nonaccrual loans were secured. Interest income that would have been recorded under original terms totaled $541,869. No interest income was recorded on these loans. It is S&T's policy to place loans in all categories on non-accrual status when collection of interest or principal is doubtful, or generally when interest or principal payments are 90 days or more past due. The accrual of interest on impaired loans is discontinued when, in management's opinion, the borrower may be unable to meet payments as they become due. At December 31, 2002, there were $515,000 of impaired loans that were on nonaccrual. There are no foreign loan amounts required to be included in this table. There were no restructured loans in the periods presented.

Summary of Loan Loss Experience

     Management evaluates the degree of loss exposure for loans on a continuous basis through a formal loan policy as administered by the Loan Administration Department and various management and director committees. Problem loans are identified and continually monitored through detailed reviews of specific large dollar loans, and the analysis of delinquency and charge-off levels of consumer loan portfolios. Charged-off and recovered loan amounts are applied to the allowance for loan losses. Quarterly updates are presented to the S&T Board of Directors as to the status of loan quality.

     Amounts are added to the allowance for loan losses through a charge to current earnings through the provision for loan losses, based upon management's assessment about the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses for probable loan losses. A quantitative analysis is utilized to support the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. This analysis includes review of the high and low historical charge-off rates for loan categories, fluctuations and trends in the amount of classified loans and economic factors. Economic factors consider the level of S&T's historical charge-offs that have occurrence within the credits economic life cycle. Management also assesses other subjective factors such as economic conditions and business trends, concentrations, growth and composition of the loan portfolio and effectiveness of the Loan Administration Department.

     Significant to this analysis and assessment is the shift in loan portfolio composition to an increased mix of commercial loans. These loans are generally larger in size and, due to our continuing growth, many are not well seasoned and could be more vulnerable to an economic slowdown. Management relies on its risk rating process to monitor trends, which may be occurring relative to commercial loans to assess potential weaknesses within specific credits. Current economic factors and trends in risk ratings are considered in the determination of the allowance for loan losses. During 2002, the risk rating analysis of the portfolio remained relatively stable.

Page 14

Item 1.  BUSINESS - Continued


     Generally all of the allowance was allocated to the various loan types. An insignificant amount of unallocated allowance exists at year-end and reflects the inherent imprecision in loan loss migration models. Management anticipates that future unallocated portions of the allowance will remain insignificant.

     Management believes its quantitative analysis and risk-rating process is sufficient and enables it to conclude that the total allowance for loan losses is adequate to absorb probable loan losses.

     The allowance for loan losses considered management's assessment of the factors noted above along with the growth in the loan portfolio. The additions to the allowance charged to operating expense has maintained the allowance as a percent of loans at the following levels at the end of each year presented below:

Year Ended December 31

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998


1.51%


1.64%


1.71%


1.81%


1.95%


     The decrease in the allowance for loan losses as a percent of total loans is a result of internal loan growth and acquiring $237.4 million of loans in the PFC acquisition. The acquired portfolio was primarily 1-4 family residential loans and consumer installment loans with a lower credit risk profile and allowance coverage of 0.60%.

     S&T has considered impaired loans in its determination of the allowance for loan losses. The allowance for loan losses for all impaired loans was zero at December 31, 2002 and $1,564,000 in 2001, and is included in the allowance allocated specifically to commercial loans.

     Asset quality is a major corporate objective at S&T. Based on the evaluation of loan quality and assessment of risk characteristics, management believes that the allowance for loan losses is adequate to absorb probable loan losses.

     This table summarizes S&T's loan loss experience for each of the five years ended December 31:

 

Year Ended December 31

 

2002

2001

2000

1999

1998

 

(in thousands of dollars)

Balance at January 1:

$26,926

$27,395

$27,134

$26,677

$20,427

Charge-offs:

 

 

 

 

 

   Commercial, mortgage and industrial

6,131

4,728

6,327

4,270

2,905

   Real estate - mortgage

588

912

864

913

1,497

   Installment

1,102

1,299

1,809

1,819

1,597

 

7,821

6,939

9,000

7,002

5,999

Recoveries:

 

 

 

 

 

   Commercial, mortgage and industrial

1,118

643

4,450

2,483

713

   Real estate - mortgage

349

404

394

495

389

   Installment

345

423

417

481

597

 

1,812

1,470

5,261

3,459

1,699

Net charge-offs

6,009

5,469

3,739

3,543

4,300

Provision for loan losses

7,800

5,000

4,000

4,000

10,550

PFC acquisition loan loss reserve

1,421

-

-