UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT
TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT
PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from
to
Commission File No. 1-11355
United Air Lines, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware |
36-2675206
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| (State or other jurisdiction of |
(IRS Employer
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| incorporation or organization) |
Identification No.)
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| Location: 1200 East Algonquin Road, Elk Grove Township, Illinois |
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| Mailing Address: P. O. Box 66100, Chicago, Illinois |
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| (Address of principal executive offices) |
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Registrant's telephone number, including area code (847) 700-4000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of
the Act:
| NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE | |
| TITLE OF EACH CLASS | ON WHICH REGISTERED |
| Series A Debentures due 2004 | New York Stock Exchange |
| Series B Debentures due 2014 | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (g) of the Act: NONE
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No ____
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ X ]
Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes No _X__
The number of shares of common stock
outstanding as of February 28, 2003 was 205. The Registrant is a
wholly owned subsidiary of UAL Corporation, and there is no market for
the Registrant's common stock.
United Air Lines, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies Report on Form 10-K
For the Year Ended December 31, 2002
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| Item 1. Business |
3
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| Item 2. Properties | 20 |
| Item 3. Legal Proceedings | 24 |
| Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 25 |
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| Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Ordinary Shares and Related Stockholder Matters | 26 |
| Item 6. Selected Financial Data | 27 |
| Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 27 |
| Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 50 |
| Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 52 |
| Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 95 |
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| Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant | 96 |
| Item 11. Executive Compensation | 97 |
| Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | 105 |
| Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions | 106 |
| Item 14. Controls and Procedures | 106 |
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| Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statements, Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K | 107 |
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
United Air Lines, Inc. ("United" or the "Company") was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on December 30, 1968. The world headquarters of the Company is located at 1200 East Algonquin Road, Elk Grove Township, Illinois 60007. The Company's mailing address is P.O. Box 66100, Chicago, Illinois 60666. The telephone number for the Company is (847) 700-4000.
United is the principal subsidiary of UAL Corporation ("UAL"), a Delaware corporation, and is wholly owned by UAL. United's operations, which consist primarily of the transportation of persons, property and mail throughout the U.S. and abroad, accounted for most of UAL's revenues and expenses in 2002. United is the second largest scheduled passenger airline in the world and for the full year 2002 was the industry leader in domestic on-time performance, according to U.S. Department of Transportation data.
This Form 10-K contains various "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements represent the Company's expectations and beliefs concerning future events, based on information available to the Company on the date of the filing of this Form 10-K, and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those referenced in the forward-looking statements are listed in the last paragraph of the section, "Outlook for 2003" in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The Company disclaims any intent or obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements, whether in response to new information, unforeseen events, changed circumstances or otherwise.
Bankruptcy Considerations
On December 9, 2002 (the "Petition Date"), UAL, United and 26 other direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the "Debtors") filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division, in Chicago (the "Bankruptcy Court") under case numbers 02-B-48191 through 02-B-48218 (the "Chapter 11 Cases"). Specific information pertaining to the bankruptcy filing may be obtained from the website www.pd-ual.com.
The Debtors are currently operating their business as "debtors-in-possession" under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code, the Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure and applicable court orders. In general, as debtors-in-possession, the Debtors are authorized under Chapter 11 to continue to operate as an ongoing business, but may not engage in transactions outside the ordinary course of business without the prior approval of the Bankruptcy Court.
Changes in consumer behavior, particularly the reduction in business travel and the changes in business travel patterns, have led to a significant decline in revenues, yield and revenue passenger miles for United, which in turn have severely impacted the Company's financial condition and United's ability to meet some of its maturing debt obligations. The Company filed for bankruptcy because the Chapter 11 process offered the best available means to facilitate the implementation of necessary changes to the Debtors' business to bring costs and operations in line with the current business environment. In addition, the protections of the Chapter 11 process offered the Debtors access to capital through debtor-in-possession financing that otherwise would not have been available.
On the Petition Date, the Bankruptcy Court gave interim approval for an aggregate of up to $1.5 billion in debtor-in-possession secured financing (the "DIP Financing"). The DIP Financing is structured as a $300 million facility from Bank One, NA (the "Bank One Facility") and a $1.2 billion facility provided by a group led by JPMorgan Chase Bank, Citicorp USA, Inc., Bank One, NA and The CIT Group/Business Credit, Inc. (the "Club Facility"). The Company has received commitments of $1.0 billion under the Club Facility following the completion of the syndication process for that facility; the balance is conditioned upon the participation of one or more additional lenders, subject to approval by the existing participants. The Company currently has access to the entire Bank One Facility and to $500 million of the Club Facility. Access to the balance of the Club Facility is subject to specified terms of that facility. These terms require that the Company achieve performance milestones under its business plan, which include substantial cost savings in the near term. Final approval of the DIP Financing was granted by the Bankruptcy Court on December 30, 2002.
United's DIP Financing requires compliance with a number of financial covenants, including the achievement of specified earnings thresholds. The adverse economic impact of external events, such as those described below in "Fuel," "Conflict with Iraq" and "Employees - Labor Matters," if not offset by the achievement of savings elsewhere, could lead to a breach of one or more of those covenants and, absent a waiver from the DIP lenders, their foreclosure on substantial assets United needs to operate its business. For more information on the DIP Financing, see Note 1, "Proceedings Under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In order to exit Chapter 11 successfully, UAL and the Company will need to propose, and obtain confirmation by the Bankruptcy Court of, a plan of reorganization that satisfies the requirements of the Bankruptcy Code. A plan of reorganization would resolve, among other things, the Debtors' pre-petition obligations, set forth the revised capital structure of the newly reorganized entity and provide for its corporate governance subsequent to exit from bankruptcy. On March 21, 2003, the Bankruptcy Court approved the extension to October 2003 of the Company's "exclusivity period," during which it is the only party permitted to file a plan of reorganization. Under certain circumstances, the exclusivity period could be shortened by two months. The timing of filing a plan of reorganization by the Company will depend on the timing and outcome of numerous other ongoing matters in the Chapter 11 Cases. Although the Company expects to file a plan of reorganization that provides for its emergence from bankruptcy as a going concern, there can be no assurance at this time that a plan of reorganization will be confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court or that any such plan will be implemented successfully.
Under Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code, the filing of a bankruptcy petition automatically stays most actions against a debtor, including most actions to collect pre-petition indebtedness or to exercise control over the property of the debtor's estate. Absent an order of the Bankruptcy Court, substantially all pre-petition liabilities are subject to settlement under the plan of reorganization.
Notwithstanding the preceding general discussion of the automatic stay, the Debtors' rights to possess and operate certain qualifying aircraft, aircraft engines and other aircraft-related equipment that are leased or subject to a security interest or conditional sale contract are governed by a particular provision of the Bankruptcy Code that specifies different treatment. Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code ("Section 1110") provides that unless the Debtors take certain action, within 60 days after the Petition Date or such later date as is agreed by the applicable lessor, secured party, or conditional vendor, the contractual rights of such financier to take possession of such equipment and to enforce any of its other rights or remedies under the applicable agreement are not limited or otherwise affected by the automatic stay or any other provision of the Bankruptcy Code. For more information on Section 1110, see "Properties - - Flight Equipment" under Item 2 below and Note 1, "Proceedings Under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Under Section 365 of the Bankruptcy Code, the Debtors may assume, assume and assign, or reject certain executory contracts and unexpired leases, including leases of real property, aircraft and aircraft engines, subject to the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and certain other conditions. In general, rejection of an unexpired lease or executory contract is treated as a pre-petition breach of the lease or contract in question. Subject to certain exceptions, this rejection relieves the Debtors of performing their future obligations under that lease or contract but entitles the lessor or contract counterparty to a pre-petition general unsecured claim for damages caused by the deemed breach.
Counterparties to these rejected contracts or leases may file proofs of claim against the Debtors' estate for such damages. Due to the uncertain nature of many of the potential rejection and abandonment related claims, the Company is unable to project the magnitude of these claims with any degree of certainty at this time.
Generally, the assumption of an executory contract or unexpired lease requires a debtor to cure most existing defaults under such executory contract or unexpired lease.
The Bankruptcy Code provides special treatment for collective bargaining agreements ("CBAs"). In particular, Section 1113(c) of the Bankruptcy Code permits the Company to move to reject its collective bargaining agreements if the Company first satisfies a number of statutorily prescribed substantive and procedural prerequisites and obtains the Bankruptcy Court's approval of the rejection. After bargaining in good faith and sharing relevant information with its unions, the debtor must make proposals to modify its existing CBAs based on the most complete and reliable information available at the time. The proposed modifications must be necessary to permit the reorganization of the debtor and must ensure that all the affected parties are treated fairly and equitably relative to the creditors and the debtor. Ultimately, rejection is appropriate if the unions refuse to agree to the debtors necessary proposals "without good cause" and the balance of the equities favors rejection. See "Employees - - Labor Matters" below under this Item 1 and "Labor Matters" under Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation.
The United States Trustee for the Northern District of Illinois (the "U.S. Trustee") has appointed an official committee of unsecured creditors (the "Creditors' Committee"). The Creditors' Committee and its legal representatives have a right to be heard on all matters that come before the Bankruptcy Court. There can be no assurance that the Creditors' Committee will support the Debtors' positions or the Debtors' ultimate plan of reorganization, once proposed, and disagreements between the Debtors and the Creditors' Committee could protract the Chapter 11 Cases, could negatively impact the Debtors' ability to operate during the Chapter 11 Cases and could prevent the Debtors' emergence from Chapter 11.
At this time, it is not possible to predict accurately the effect of the Chapter 11 reorganization process on the Company's business or when it may emerge from Chapter 11. The Company's future results depend on the timely and successful confirmation and implementation of a plan of reorganization. The rights and claims of various creditors and security holders will be determined by the plan as well. No assurance can be given as to what values, if any, will be ascribed in the bankruptcy proceedings to each of these constituencies, and it is possible that UAL's equity or UAL's or United's other securities will be restructured in a manner that will reduce substantially or eliminate any remaining value. Accordingly, the Company urges that appropriate caution be exercised with respect to existing and future investments in any of such securities and claims.
On February 24, 2003, the Bankruptcy Court entered a preliminary injunction in order to restrict the trading of UAL's common stock and debt interests in UAL or the Company. The purpose of the preliminary injunction was to ensure that the Company did not lose the benefit of its net operating loss ("NOL"). Under federal and state income tax law, an NOL can be used to offset future taxable income, and thus is an extremely valuable asset. However, a company can lose the benefit of its NOLs if the company is deemed to undergo an "ownership change" under certain very specific tax rules in the Internal Revenue Code. Excessive trading in a company's stock (or debt when the company is in bankruptcy) can trigger such an "ownership change," and thus the Company sought to restrict the trading of UAL's common stock and debt interests.
Under the terms of the preliminary injunction, no person can buy or sell UAL stock if that person holds more than 4.8 million shares of UAL common stock or would hold more than 4.8 million shares after the purchase. Any person who holds more than $200 million in debt claims against UAL must register as a "substantial claimholder" with UAL, and no person may acquire debt claims against UAL if the acquisition of the claims would cause them to hold more than $200 million in such claims. See Note 6, "Income Taxes" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Plan for Transformation
Central to the Company's reorganization and emergence from Chapter 11 is its plan for transformation, which outlines the fundamental changes to United's strategic direction. The plan, which the Company seeks to refine through further collaboration with its employee and creditor constituencies, is intended to lay the foundation for a company that is successful and competitive for the long run. Core objectives of the plan are the reduction of United's labor and non-labor costs and the development of a more comprehensive and compelling portfolio of products. Key operational elements of the plan include: (1) the preservation and enhancement of United's extensive mainline service targeted primarily at the business traveler; (2) the creation of a low-cost offering to compete directly with low-cost carriers for leisure and price-sensitive travelers; (3) the growth of the Company's United Express regional operations and (4) the expansion of United's domestic and international alliances. See Other Information, "Plan for Transformation" in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Operations
Segments.
United operates its businesses through four reporting segments: North America, the Pacific, the Atlantic and Latin America. Financial information on United's operating segments can be found in Note 17, "Segment Information" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
During 2002, United carried
approximately 69 million passengers and flew approximately 109 billion
revenue passenger miles. United's network provides comprehensive
transportation service within its North American segment and to international
destinations within its Pacific, Atlantic and Latin America segments.
Operating revenues attributed to United's North America segment were
$8.8 billion in 2002, $10.7 billion in 2001 and $13.1 billion in 2000.
Operating revenues attributed to United's international segments were $4.7
billion in 2002, $5.4 billion in 2001 and $6.2 billion in 2000.
North America. As of March 24, 2003, United serves approximately 83 destinations throughout North America and operates hubs in Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Washington, D.C. United's North America operations accounted for 65.1% of United's revenues in 2002.
Pacific. Via its Tokyo hub, United provides passenger service between its U.S. gateway cities (Chicago, Honolulu, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and Seattle) and the Asian cities of Bangkok, Beijing, Hong Kong, Seoul, Singapore and Taipei. United also provides nonstop service between Hong Kong and each of Chicago and San Francisco; between San Francisco and each of Osaka, Shanghai, Sydney and Melbourne (via Sydney); between Los Angeles and Sydney and Melbourne (via Sydney); and between Chicago and Beijing. In 2002, United's Pacific operations accounted for 17.9% of United's operating revenues.
Atlantic. Washington, D.C. is United's primary gateway to Europe, serving Amsterdam, Brussels, Frankfurt, London, Munich and Paris. Chicago is United's secondary gateway to Europe, with nonstop service to Frankfurt, London and Paris. United also provides nonstop service between San Francisco and each of London and Frankfurt; and between London and each of Los Angeles, Newark and New York. In 2002, United's Atlantic operations accounted for 13.5% of United's operating revenues.
Latin America. United's primary gateway to Latin America is Washington, D.C., providing service from Washington, D.C. to Aruba, Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro (one-stop), Sao Paolo, San Juan and St. Thomas. United also provides service from Mexico City to each of Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., and San Jose (Costa Rica). In addition, United has service from Chicago to Aruba, Montevideo (one-stop), San Juan, Sao Paulo and St. Thomas; between Miami and Buenos Aires, and Sao Paulo; between Los Angeles and Guatemala City, San Jose (one-stop) and San Salvador; between New York and San Juan; and between Guatemala City and San Jose. In 2002, United's Latin America operations accounted for 3.5% of United's revenues.
United Cargo®. United Cargo offers both domestic and international shipping through its Small Package Delivery; T.D. Guaranteed; First Freight; International Freight; UA 2-Day service; and United SameDay. Freight accounts for most of United Cargo's shipments, while mail remains an important component of United's cargo strategy.
For the year 2002, United Cargo generated approximately $673 million in freight and mail revenue, which represents a 4.4% decrease versus 2001. Traffic has gradually improved, but volumes remain below pre-September 11, 2001 levels.
In August 2002, United Cargo opened a new cargo warehouse facility in Chicago, which is presently the largest facility for processing freight and mail in North America. This completes United Cargo's planned investment in facilities.
In January of 2003, United Cargo, along with Unisys Corporation and two other cargo carriers, launched Cargo Portal Services, an internet portal that allows freight forwarders to book and manage shipments more easily through the delivery cycle. By providing enhanced computer-based communications between customers and air carriers, United expects Cargo Portal Services to reduce transaction costs for both United and its customers.
Fuel.
Fuel is United's second largest cost behind labor. United's
fuel costs and consumption for the years 2002, 2001 and 2000 were as follows:
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The price and availability of jet fuel significantly affect United's operations. Based on projected 2003 fuel consumption, the Company estimates that every $0.01 change in the average annual price-per-gallon of jet fuel will impact United's 2003 fuel costs by approximately $21 million, absent any fuel hedging arrangements. Due to the highly competitive nature of the airline industry, United may be unable to pass on to its customers any increased fuel costs that it may encounter.
To help mitigate against price increases, United in the past has entered into hedging arrangements. In 2002, United hedged 26% of its fuel consumption using crude oil and heating oil swaps. United had also put in place hedges for 7% of its estimated fuel consumption for the first half of 2003 (the impact of these hedges is included in the total fuel cost shown above). However, as a result of the filing of the Chapter 11 Cases, the derivatives counterparties terminated all outstanding swap contracts, leaving United completely unhedged. As market conditions and its economic outlook change, the Company continually evaluates the potential economic benefit of entering into fuel hedging arrangements.
To ensure adequate supplies of fuel and to provide a measure of control over fuel costs, United ships fuel on major pipelines and stores fuel close to its major hub locations. Although the Company currently does not anticipate a significant reduction in the availability of jet fuel, a number of factors make accurate predictions impossible, including geopolitical uncertainties in oil-producing nations. For example, hostilities in Iraq could lead to disruptions in oil production and/or to substantially increased oil prices. The continuing political turmoil in Venezuela also could have similar effects.
Insurance. United carries hull and liability insurance of a type customary in the air transportation industry, in amounts which it deems adequate, covering passenger liability, public liability and damage to United's aircraft and other physical property. However, as a result of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the premiums have increased significantly.
Additionally, after September 11, 2001 commercial insurers cancelled United's liability insurance for losses resulting from war perils (terrorism, sabotage, hijacking and other similar perils), but United obtained replacement coverage through the FAA. Under the Homeland Security Act, which became effective in February 2003, the FAA is authorized to offer this insurance through August 31, 2003, and it may be extended to December 31, 2003, if the federal government determines such an extension is in the national interest. Likewise, United maintains hull war risk insurance through the FAA program, which provides worldwide coverage for war and associated perils (including hijacking and confiscation). There can be no assurance, however, that the FAA insurance will continue to be available. Should the FAA discontinue this coverage, obtaining it from commercial underwriters could result in substantially higher premiums and more restrictive terms, if it is available at all.
Also, United maintains other types of insurance such as property and casualty, directors and officers, cargo, automobile and the like, with limits and deductibles that are standard within the industry. Compared to insurance prior to September 11, the premiums are substantially higher with lower limits.
Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program. In time of war or certain other national emergencies, the U.S. government can require United and other major air carriers to provide airlift services to the U.S. Military under the Civil Reserve Air Fleet Program ("CRAF"). On February 8, 2003, the U.S. government activated CRAF (for only the second time since the program was established in 1951) because the U.S. military's airlift needs exceeded the military's capabilities in connection with the buildup of troops in the Middle East. As a result, United, along with other U.S. commercial airlines, is currently participating in the transportation of troops and cargo to the Middle East. While United's participation in the CRAF program to date has had a positive impact on United's earnings, should United be required to provide a more substantial amount of these services for an extended period, its business could be adversely impacted.
Conflict With Iraq
In anticipation of the U.S. conflict with Iraq, United conducted extensive contingency preparations and developed a plan to address the likely effects on the airline industry as a whole and on United in particular. With the initiation of the military campaign on March 19, 2003, United implemented that plan, which included an immediate reduction in capacity of 8% effective April 6, 2003 and placing a number of employees on temporary unpaid leave.
In addition, United has been working with other carriers, major labor unions and the Air Transport Association, a trade association of major U.S. airlines, to develop and propose a comprehensive government assistance package for the carriers. Potential components could include relief from certain taxes, the payment by the federal government of all costs for airport security, opening up the Strategic Oil Reserve and government-provided terrorism insurance for the airlines. At this time it is impossible to assess the prospects of such legislation and there can be no assurance that Congress or the President will approve this or any other relief for the industry.
Further, if other relief is insufficient or is unavailable on a timely basis, the Company may seek to implement additional, temporary wage reductions for all employees.
Marketing Strategy
United seeks to attract customers and create customer preference for United by providing a comprehensive network, an attractive frequent flyer program and enhanced and differentiated product and service offerings.
Alliances. United has entered into a number of bilateral and multilateral alliances with other airlines to provide its customers more choices and to participate in markets worldwide that it does not serve directly. These collaborative marketing arrangements typically include one or more of the following features: joint frequent flyer participation; code sharing of flight operations (whereby one carrier's flights can be marketed under the two-letter airline designator code of another carrier); coordination of reservations, baggage handling and flight schedules; and other resource-sharing activities.
The most significant of these is the Star AllianceÔ, a global integrated airline network co-founded by United in 1997. As of December 31, 2002, Star Alliance carriers served approximately 727 destinations in approximately 125 countries with approximately 10,622 daily flights. Current Star Alliance partners, in addition to United, are Air Canada, Air New Zealand, All Nippon Airways, Asiana, Austrian Airlines, bmi, Lauda Air, Lufthansa, Mexicana, SAS, Singapore Airways, Thai International Airways, Tyrolean and Varig. Two additional carriers are expected to join in 2003: Spanair as of April 1 and LOT Polish Airlines as of October 26. United currently holds bilateral antitrust immunity with Air Canada and integrated antitrust immunity with Lufthansa, SAS and the Austrian Airlines Group (which includes Austrian Airlines, Lauda Air and Tyrolean). United has limited antitrust immunity with bmi subject to completion of an "Open Skies" Agreement between the U.S. and U.K. For more information on Open Skies and international rights, see "Government Regulation" in this Item 1.
In July 2002, United announced the development of a marketing partnership with US Airways to include joint frequent flyer participation, joint lounge access and code sharing on certain flights. Currently, United and US Airways have substantially implemented the first two of those arrangements. The carriers currently code share on selected flights and expect to complete the implementation of the code sharing element of the partnership by the end of 2003, subject to certain conditions imposed by the U.S. government. On August 11, 2002, US Airways and certain subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code. That case is still pending before the Bankruptcy Court. Although US Airways has filed a plan of reorganization that has been approved by its creditors and confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court and that provides for its emergence from bankruptcy as a going concern, there can be no assurance that such plan will be implemented successfully. If US Airways is unable to emerge as a going concern or if it emerges as a significantly smaller or different company, the anticipated benefits to United of the marketing partnership may never materialize and United's business may suffer.
United has also formed independent marketing agreements with other air carriers, including Aloha, BWIA West Indies Airways, Continental Connection (operated by Gulfstream), Great Lakes Airlines (a regional carrier) and Spanair. United continually evaluates the need for relationships with these and other carriers and from time to time will change its independent marketing partners as conditions warrant.
In addition, United operates the United Express® marketing program in North America, under which independent regional carriers serve small and medium-sized cities and link them to United's mainline network. United Express carriers are Air Wisconsin Airlines, Atlantic Coast Airlines and Sky West Airlines. On February 27, 2003, United announced that it had entered into an agreement with Mesa Air Group, Inc., pursuant to which Mesa Air will become a United Express carrier on western routes. As part of the Chapter 11 process, the Company is reevaluating each of the contracts with the three existing United Express carriers and may renegotiate or reject any of these agreements in connection with its reorganization.
Mileage Plus and Other Loyalty Programs. The Mileage Plus frequent flyer program was established to develop passenger loyalty by offering awards and services to frequent travelers. More than 40 million members have enrolled in Mileage Plus since it began in 1981. Mileage Plus members earn mileage credit for flights on United, United Express, the Star Alliance carriers and certain other airlines that participate in the program. Miles also can be earned by purchasing the goods and services of non-airline program participants, such as hotels, car rental companies and credit card issuers. Mileage credits can be redeemed for free, discounted or upgraded travel and non-travel awards. For a detailed description of the treatment of Mileage Plus awards, see "Critical Accounting Policies" in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
UAL Loyalty Services, Inc. ("ULS"), a wholly owned subsidiary of UAL, operates substantially all United-branded travel distribution and customer loyalty e-commerce activities, such as united.com, and also owns and manages UAL's interests in various third-party e-commerce enterprises, such as Orbitz and Hotwire. In addition, as of the first quarter of 2002, ULS owns and operates the Mileage Plus frequent flyer programs and is responsible for certain aspects of it, including member relationships, communications and account management, while United continues to be responsible for the elite frequent flyer aspects of the program, including the Premier, Premier Executive and Premier Executive 1K programs, as well as the air travel accrual and award aspects of the program. United also retains responsibility for managing the relationship with Mileage Plus' airline partners, while ULS manages relationships with non-airline business partners, such as the Mileage Plus Visa Card, hotels, car rental companies and dining programs. ULS also owns and operates certain other United-branded customer programs as well as the MyPoints.com online loyalty program, under which registered consumers earn points for goods and services purchased from participating vendors.
Distribution Channels. The overwhelming majority of United's airline inventory continues to be distributed through the traditional channels of travel agencies and global distribution systems ("GDS"). The U.S. Department of Transportation ("DOT") has issued a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking that could significantly change the rules under which carriers deal with the GDS. These new rules are expected to be finalized in January 2004.
United uses the Apollo reservation system, which is hosted by Galileo International. The hosting agreement with Galileo continues through 2004.
Industry Conditions
Operating Environment. The air travel business is subject to seasonal fluctuations. United's operations can be adversely impacted by winter weather and United's first- and fourth-quarter results normally reflect reduced travel demand. Historically, operating results are better in the second and third quarters. The events of September 11, 2001, and the recession in the U.S. economy distorted the normal seasonal relationships in 2001 and 2002. As a result of the U.S. war with Iraq, the typical seasonal fluctuations may continue to be disrupted in 2003.
Competition. The airline industry is highly competitive. In domestic markets, new and existing carriers are free to initiate service on any route. United's domestic competitors include all of the other major U.S. airlines as well as regional carriers, most of which have lower cost structures than United. Recently, three of United's largest competitors, Delta Airlines, Continental Airlines and Northwest Airlines, have given notice of their intention to implement a comprehensive code sharing arrangement, subject to certain regulatory approval. The successful introduction of this arrangement, or of other comparable arrangements by other carriers, likely will further intensify domestic competition.
In its international service, United competes not only with U.S. airlines, but also with foreign carriers. United's competition on specified international routes is subject to varying degrees of governmental regulations (see "Government Regulation"). United has advantages over foreign air carriers in the U.S. because of its ability to generate U.S. origin-destination traffic from its integrated domestic route systems, and because foreign carriers are prohibited by U.S. law from carrying local passengers between two points in the U.S. United experiences comparable restrictions in foreign countries. In addition, U.S. carriers are often constrained from carrying passengers to points beyond designated international gateway cities due to limitations in air service agreements or restrictions imposed unilaterally by foreign governments. To compensate for these structural limitations, U.S. and foreign carriers have entered into alliances and marketing arrangements that allow the carriers to provide traffic feed to each other's flights. See "Marketing Strategy - - Alliances."
Government Regulation
Domestic Regulation. All carriers engaged in air transportation in the U.S. are subject to regulation by the DOT. Among its responsibilities, the DOT has authority to issue certificates of public convenience and necessity for domestic air transportation, grant international route authorities, approve international code share agreements, regulate methods of competition and enforce certain consumer protection regulations, such as those dealing with advertising, denied boarding compensation and baggage liability.
Airlines are also regulated by the FAA, primarily in the areas of flight operations, maintenance and other safety and technical matters. The FAA has authority to issue air carrier operating certificates and aircraft airworthiness certificates, prescribe maintenance procedures, and regulate pilot and other employee training, among other responsibilities. The FAA also administers the U.S. air-traffic control system. From time to time, the FAA issues rules that require air carriers to take certain actions, such as the inspection or modification of aircraft and other equipment, that may cause United to incur substantial, unplanned expenses.
From time to time, the Company is subject to inquiries by these and other U.S. and international regulatory bodies. The Company does not believe that any such existing inquiries will have a material effect on its business.
Access to landing and take-off rights, or "slots," at four U.S. airports historically has been subject to government regulation. At these airports, O'Hare International in Chicago, John F. Kennedy International and LaGuardia in New York, and Reagan National in Washington, D.C., the FAA has regulated the number of available slots. The Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century, enacted in April of 2000, eliminated all slot restrictions at O'Hare in July of 2002 and called for the elimination of slot restrictions at Kennedy and LaGuardia by 2007. The eliminations to date have not had, and the planned eliminations are not expected to have, a material effect on the Company.
International Regulation. Internationally, the Company is subject to the aviation authorities of the foreign countries that United serves. These authorities may from time to time impose regulations beyond those that apply to United's domestic operations.
Historically, access to foreign markets has been tightly controlled through bilateral treaties regulating the number of points served, the number of carriers and the frequencies of flights. More recently, the U.S. has pursued a policy of "Open Skies," under which the U.S. government has negotiated a number of bilateral agreements allowing unrestricted access to foreign markets. While a considerable number of foreign governments have agreed to Open Skies, several major markets remain subject to restrictive bilateral agreements. Among them are London and Tokyo, where United has significant operations. Further, United's ability to serve some countries and its expansion into certain others is limited by the absence altogether of aviation agreements between the U.S. and the relevant governments. Shifts in U.S. or foreign government aviation policies can lead to the alteration or termination of air service agreements between the U.S. and other countries. These changes could diminish the value of United's international route authority because changes in these agreements could curtail or terminate United's international rights in the associated markets.
During 2002, United sought to expand its access to and presence in Asia. In response to United's application for additional frequencies under newly negotiated rights in the U.S.-Hong Kong bilateral agreement, the DOT awarded United rights that will allow United to operate a second daily Hong Kong-Tokyo flight. United also was awarded an additional code share frequency to serve Vietnam, which brings the carrier's current pool of Vietnam code share frequencies to eight. Although Vietnam holds significant commercial potential, the absence of an air service treaty between the United States and Vietnam prohibits U.S. carriers from serving this market directly.
The air services agreement between the U.S. and Japan provides an unlimited number of frequencies to certain carriers, including United. United also holds significant traffic rights from Japan to other locations within the Pacific. These rights and the 2002 opening of Tokyo's Narita airport's second runway provided United with the opportunity to add service in 2002 between Tokyo and Taipei.
In connection with its international services, United is required to make regular filings with the DOT and, in some cases, to observe rules establishing the tariffs charged and service provided. In some cases, fares and schedules also require the approval of the relevant foreign governments.
The European Union (the "EU") is taking an increasingly active role in regulating international aviation. In October of 2002, the European Commission granted antitrust immunity, subject to certain conditions, to United, Lufthansa and SAS.
In November 2002, the European Court of Justice issued a ruling that invalidated certain provisions of aviation agreements between the U.S. and the EU. The governments are committed to ensuring that this ruling does not interrupt existing air service. This decision paves the way for the EU to negotiate aviation treaties on behalf of EU Member States with other non-EU countries.
The European Commission continues its attempts to modify the existing regulation that governs slots at EU airports. The most recent proposal, if accepted, would have the effect of favoring EU airlines and would dramatically alter the manner in which EU slots are held and allocated. The proposed changes threaten to redefine the issue of slot ownership and impede the selling and trading of slots.
Starting in late 2001 and continuing through March 24, 2002, airport authorities and other regulatory bodies granted United and other international slot holders short-term waivers from an international rule that ordinarily requires a carrier to forfeit any slot that it uses less than 80% of the time in any season. Separately, the DOT waived through March 31, 2002 its requirement that U.S. carriers in limited-entry international markets return to the DOT frequencies in those markets that they do not use more than 90 days. In light of the current conflict with Iraq, United and other carriers are seeking comparable waivers of the slot and frequency-of-use requirements from domestic and international regulatory bodies and airport authorities.
Legislation. The Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act of 2001 (the "Stabilization Act") established the federal Air Transportation Stabilization Board ("ATSB") and made $5 billion in federal grants and $10 billion in loan guarantees conditionally available to the airline industry. The legislation also provides relief from increased insurance premiums, caps potential liability from the September 11 terrorist attacks, limits liability for any future terrorist events and creates a federal compensation fund for attack victims. In 2001 and 2002, United received $782 million in grants. On June 24, 2002, UAL submitted an application to the ATSB for a loan guarantee in connection with a contemplated financing. After discussions with the ATSB and subsequent revision to the application, on December 4, 2002, the ATSB informed the Company that it had not approved the application. Notwithstanding the denial of the Company's application for a pre-petition loan guarantee, United has been continuing to work with the ATSB toward the possible funding of a loan that would provide financing to the Company upon its exit from bankruptcy.
Separate legislation enacted in November 2001, the Aviation and Transportation Security Act (the "Aviation Act"), has had wide-ranging effects on United's operations. The Aviation Act makes the federal government responsible for virtually all aspects of security that United has traditionally provided. The Aviation Act created a new government agency, the TSA, responsible for aviation security. Notably, the Aviation Act required that the security screener workforce be composed entirely of federal employees by November 2002. Regulations under the Aviation Act also require carriers to charge passengers in the U.S. a security fee of $2.50 per enplanement, capped at $10.00 per round trip and to remit that fee to the DOT. The DOT, as provided in the Aviation Act, also has assessed an additional fee, equal to the amount paid by carriers for security screening in the year 2000, directly on air carriers to compensate for the costs of screening activities and property. The Aviation Act mandates numerous additional security measures, including that, as of December 31, 2002, all checked baggage be screened by explosive detection systems.
Privacy Laws. An initiative of significant impact within the EU and elsewhere is the introduction of privacy standards that apply to companies transmitting private information from the EU to non-EU countries. To comply with the privacy directives, the U.S. Commerce Department and the EU have agreed to safe harbor principles. Although the safe harbor principles are voluntary at this time, United plans to comply with them. The U.S. Commerce Department and the EU continue to review the status of voluntary compliance.
Canada, Argentina and Australia have enacted new privacy laws covering the collection and disclosure of personally identifiable information. These laws may have an impact on the way United collects and transmits personally identifiable information in these jurisdictions.
Environmental Regulations. The Company (similar to others in the airline industry) is subject to federal, state, local, and foreign environmental laws and regulations concerning emissions to the air, discharges to surface and subsurface waters, safe drinking water, and the management of hazardous substances, oils, and waste materials. The Company and the industry are also subject to other environmental laws and regulations, including those that require the Company to remediate soil or groundwater to meet certain objectives. It is the Company's policy to comply with all environmental laws and regulations, which can require expenditures. The Company also conducts voluntary remediation actions. These costs are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the business.
Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (commonly known as "Superfund") and similar environmental clean-up laws, waste generators can be subject to liability for investigation and remediation costs at disposal sites that have been identified as requiring response actions. The Company has been identified as a potentially responsible party (by a governmental unit or private party) at certain sites that could result in future expenditures, including the Mattiace Petrochemical Superfund Site, the Approved Oil Superfund Site, the Chemsol Inc. Superfund Site, and the Gibson Environmental Inc. Superfund Site.
There is a dispute primarily among United, American, and Ogden Services (as well as Northwest Airlines and Delta) concerning the responsibility for payment of certain clean up costs for groundwater and soil contamination near terminals 8 and 9 at New York's JFK Airport. The parties' views on proper allocation of the costs differ. This litigation, which was initiated in 2000 in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, is currently stayed because of the bankruptcy.
The Miami International Airport has been conducting a long-term project to investigate and remediate soil and groundwater contamination at the airport. Recently, the Miami International Airport has identified a multitude of current and former tenants it believes should help pay for these remedial measures, and United is one of these tenants. While the airport initiated a lawsuit in 2001 against a handful of potentially responsible parties, United is not one of the parties named in the lawsuit.
In accordance with a June 1999 order issued by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board ("CRWQCB"), United, along with most of the other tenants of the San Francisco International Airport, has been investigating potential environmental contamination at the airport and conducting remediation when needed. Among these projects is an investigation and remediation project for solvent impacts to soil and groundwater at the San Francisco Maintenance Center. This project is being conducted in accordance with CRWQCB approvals.
In August 2002, the Company entered into a settlement with the U.S. EPA to address voluntarily disclosed Clean Air Act violations associated with the requirement that low-sulfur diesel fuel be used in certain ground support equipment. This settlement involves a penalty payment and performance of a Supplemental Environmental Project (involving the replacement of some older ground support equipment with new electric-powered equipment).
The U.S. EPA and the State of California are seeking penalties, and potentially injunctive relief, from United for alleged non-compliance with hazardous waste generator requirements at United's San Francisco Maintenance Center identified in 1999 and 2001. United has been working with both governmental entities to resolve this matter.
In addition to the matters discussed above, from time to time the Company becomes aware of potential non-compliance with environmental regulations, which have either been identified by the Company (through its internal environmental compliance auditing program) or through a governmental entity. In some instances, these matters could potentially become the subject of an administrative or judicial proceeding and could potentially involve monetary sanctions of $100,000 or more.
The Company does not expect these matters, individually or collectively, to have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Employees - Labor Matters
As of March 1, 2003, the Company and its subsidiaries had approximately 72,000 employees, of which approximately 80% are represented by various labor organizations. This number represents a significant reduction from the end of 2001, when the Company and its subsidiaries had approximately 84,000 employees. This reduction was a direct response to the continuing adverse impact on air travel resulting from the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, reduced demand for air travel in general, as well as United's concerted efforts to reduce costs.
The employee groups, number
of employees, labor organization and current contract status for each of
United's collective bargaining groups, as of February 28, 2003, were as
follows:
| Number of | Contract Open | ||
| Employee Group | Employees | Union | for Amendment |
| Pilots |
|
|
September 1, 2004 |
| Flight Attendants |
|
|
March 1, 2006 |
| Mechanics & Related |
|
|
July 12, 2005 |
| Public Contact Employees/Ramp & | |||
| Stores/Food Service Employees |
|
|
November 1, 2004 |
| Dispatchers |
|
|
January 1, 2005 |
| Meteorologists |
|
|
June 1, 2005 |
Collective bargaining agreements ("CBAs") are negotiated under the Railway Labor Act, which governs labor relations in the transportation industry, and typically do not contain an expiration date. Instead, they specify an amendable date, upon which the contract is considered "open for amendment." Prior to the amendable date, neither party is required to agree to modifications to the bargaining agreement. Nevertheless, nothing prevents the parties from agreeing to start negotiations or to modify the agreement in advance of the amendable date. Contracts remain in effect while new agreements are negotiated. During the negotiating period, both the Company and the negotiating union are required to maintain the status quo.
In order to meet the earnings covenant under the DIP Financing, United needed to obtain substantial labor savings from its employees by mid-February 2003. Therefore, the Company imposed immediate wage reductions on its management and salaried employees, including officers in December 2002. Additionally, United immediately began negotiations with all of its unions in early December regarding the changes to the Company's CBAs necessary to satisfy United's short-term and long-term financial and business imperatives.
In the event the parties cannot reach consensual modifications, Section 1113(c) of the Bankruptcy Code permits the Company to move to reject its CBAs. Under Section 1113(c), the Company must satisfy several statutorily prescribed substantive and procedural prerequisites before the Bankruptcy Court will authorize the Company to reject its CBAs. In order to meet the deadline imposed by the DIP Financing covenants for reducing its labor costs, United had been prepared to file a motion to reject its CBAs pursuant to Section 1113(c) of the Bankruptcy Code by December 26, 2002, if consensual CBA modifications could not be reached before that date.
As the December 26 deadline neared, however, United and several of its unions agreed to consensual interim wage relief from its unions that would allow United and its unions more time to continue negotiations to reach agreements on the CBA modifications necessary for United to reorganize successfully while still meeting the short-term financial imperatives established by the DIP covenants. United reached agreements with four of its five unions to reduce wages on an interim basis, effective January 1, 2003 to April 30, 2003. The leadership of the IAM rejected the Company's proposal and therefore, on December 27, 2002, United filed a motion with the Bankruptcy Court to impose a wage reduction for the IAM-represented employees. On January 10, 2003, the Bankruptcy Court granted the Company's motion.
Under the terms of the interim agreements with its unions, and the relief granted by the Bankruptcy Court against the IAM, United agreed not to file a motion to reject its CBAs pursuant to Section 1113(c) before March 15, 2003. In the meantime, United and its unions continued negotiations. The Company's DIP covenants, however, still require United to obtain all of the relief sought in its proposed CBA modifications by May 1, 2003. As a result, on March 17, 2003, United filed a motion to reject its CBAs pursuant to Section 1113(c) and the Bankruptcy Court has scheduled hearings on this motion April 14. March 17 was the deadline by which such a motion needed to be filed to ensure that the Company could obtain a ruling on its motion by May 1, 2003 and stay in compliance with its DIP Financing covenants. Without the full relief sought by United's proposed CBA modifications becoming effective by early May, the Company will be unable to meet its covenants, entitling its DIP lenders to foreclose on substantial assets United needs to operate its business.
On March 26, 2003, the Company reached a tentative agreement with the Air Line Pilots Association, International ("ALPA") on a restructured CBA. The agreement, which will become effective May 1, 2003, if ratified by the pilot membership, has a 6-year duration and would reduce pay and benefits, and improve productivity (through work rule changes), by an average of approximately $1.1 billion per year versus the current contract. As part of these changes, retirement and medical benefits for pilots would be reduced through a decrease in the Company's contribution to the pilot defined contribution plan, a reduction in the formula for their defined benefit plan, and changes to the medical plan including increases to co-payments.
The tentative agreement includes a success-sharing program that provides the opportunity for annual pay-outs tied to the Company's level of profitability and performance. The tentative agreement provides for significantly enhanced flexibility with respect to regional jets, code share arrangements and a low-cost offering. Finally, the Company has agreed to include in its plan of reorganization provisions that pilots would receive a distribution of the equity, securities or other consideration provided to the general unsecured creditors. Additionally, the Company had agreed that any plan of reorganization it proposes or supports will provide the pilot group with a distribution of the above-described equity, securities or other consideration (as compared to the total distribution provided to all employee groups) which matches the proportion of pilots' contribution to total employee cost reductions.
The pilot contribution in the tentative agreement represents a significant portion of the overall labor cost reductions sought by the Company. Should the Company be unable to obtain labor cost reductions from any of its union groups (through consensual agreements or otherwise) which fall below the relief the Company has articulates as necessary from that group, the Company has agreed to proportionately reduce ALPA's approximate $1.1 billion contribution.
For additional information
on labor negotiations, see Other Information, "Labor Agreements"
in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
Flight Equipment
As of December 31, 2002,
United's operating aircraft fleet totaled 567 jet aircraft, of which 267
were owned and 300 were leased. These aircraft are listed below:
| Average | Average | |||||
| Aircraft Type | No. of Seats | Owned | Leased | Total | Age (Years) | |
| A319-100 | 120 | 33 | 22 | 55 | 3 | |
| A320-200 | 138 | 43 | 55 | 98 | 5 | |
| B737-300 | 120 | 10 | 91 | 101 | 14 | |
| B737-500 | 104 | 39 | 18 | 57 | 11 | |
| B747-400 | 347 | 23 | 21 | 44 | 8 | |
| B757-200 | 182 | 43 | 54 | 97 | 11 | |
| B767-200 | 168 | 18 | 0 | 18 | 20 | |
| B767-300 | 219 | 17 | 20 | 37 | 8 | |
| B777-200 | 288 | 41 | 19 | 60 | 4 | |
| Total Operating Fleet | 267 | 300 | 567 | 9 | ||
As of December 31, 2002, all 267 of the aircraft owned by United were encumbered under debt agreements. For additional information on accounting for these aircraft see Note 10, "Long-Term Debt" and Note 11, "Lease Obligations" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
United has on firm order with the manufacturers 42 Airbus A319-100 and A320-200 and one Boeing 777-200 aircraft. The Company is evaluating these contracts in light of its financial condition and operational requirements.
In connection with the Company's bankruptcy reorganization under Chapter 11, United is reassessing its fleet requirements and is seeking to reduce significantly its aircraft financing costs. Central to this undertaking is the Company's effort to readjust lease and mortgage payments for aircraft whose fair market values have fallen since the execution of the original agreements. United is negotiating with a significant number of its aircraft lenders and lessors to restructure the underlying financings to reflect current market rates. Although the Company has reached agreements in principle with respect to a number of aircraft, there can be no assurance that those tentative arrangements will be successfully converted to final contracts, or that other comparable arrangements will be available to the Company. To the extent United is unable to reach final agreements at economically attractive terms for the requisite number of aircraft, its financial and operational performance may be adversely affected.
Under Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code, the automatic stay lasts for only 60 days with respect to Section 1110-eligible aircraft, engines and related equipment except under two conditions. The debtor may extend the 60-day period by agreement of the relevant financier, with court approval. Alternatively, the debtor may agree to perform all of the obligations under the applicable financing and cure any defaults thereunder as required by the Bankruptcy Code. In the absence of either such arrangement, the financier may take possession of the property and enforce any of its contractual rights or remedies to sell, lease or otherwise retain or dispose of such equipment.
The 60-day period under Section 1110 in the Company's Chapter 11 Case expired on February 7, 2003. The Company has reached agreements with a significant number of aircraft financiers to extend the automatic stay, in exchange in certain instances for United's agreement to make specified payments. United also has made elections with respect to certain other aircraft to cure all existing defaults and to pay the contract rates as required by the Bankruptcy Code. With respect to certain aircraft, however, United neither negotiated an extension of the automatic stay nor agreed to cure and resume payments. Accordingly, the financiers of such aircraft may seek to repossess the property. Although no such financiers have sought to repossess any United equipment, and although the Company believes that market conditions for commercial aircraft make repossession unlikely, there can be no assurance that United's lendors and lessors will not repossess any of the applicable aircraft. Any such repossessions could result in substantial disruptions to United's operations and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business.
For more information on Section 1110, see Note 1, "Proceedings Under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Ground Facilities
United has entered into various leases relating to its use of airport landing areas, gates, hangar sites, terminal buildings and other airport facilities in most of the municipalities it serves. Major leases expire at San Francisco in 2003 and 2011, Oakland in 2007, Washington-Dulles in 2014, Chicago O'Hare in 2018, Los Angeles in 2021, Denver in 2025 and Indianapolis in 2031. United intends to exercise its rights under the 2003 San Francisco lease by extending the term until 2013 pursuant to a 10-year renewal option. United owns a 106-acre complex in suburban Chicago consisting of more than 1,000,000 square feet of office space for its world headquarters, a computer facility and a training center. United also owns a flight training center, located in the City and County of Denver, that can accommodate 36 flight simulators and more than 90 computer-based training stations. Both the Chicago and Denver facilities are fully mortgaged. United owns a limited number of other properties, including a reservations facility and an office building in Denver and a crew hotel in Honolulu, Hawaii; all of these facilities are fully mortgaged.
United's Maintenance Operation Center at San Francisco International Airport occupies 129 acres of land, 3,000,000 square feet of floor space and 12 aircraft hangar docks under a lease expiring in 2003, with an option to extend for 10 years. United intends to exercise its rights under the lease agreement by extending the term until 2013 pursuant to the renewal option. United's Indianapolis Maintenance Center, a major aircraft maintenance and overhaul facility, is operated under a lease with the Indianapolis Airport Authority that expires in 2031. The Indianapolis Maintenance Center occupies 300 acres of land, 1,690,000 square feet of floor space and 12 aircraft hangar docks.
United also leases a major facility at the Oakland, California airport, dedicated to widebody airframe maintenance. The Oakland facility occupies 44 acres of land, 380,000 square feet of floor space and has four aircraft hangar docks.
United's off-airport leased properties have included a number of ticketing, sales and general office space in the downtown and outlying areas of most of the larger cities comprised in the United system. As part of its restructuring and cost containment efforts, United has closed, terminated or rejected all of its city ticket office leases. United continues to lease and operate a number of general office, reservations, sales and other support facilities.
At December 31, 2002, approximately $1.7 billion in special facilities revenue bonds ("municipal bonds") originally issued on behalf of United to build or improve airport-related facilities were outstanding. The Company leases facilities at airports pursuant to lease agreements where municipal bonds funded at least some of its airport-related projects. Pursuant to the financing agreements entered into by United in connection with such issuance of municipal bonds, the Company is required to make payments in amounts sufficient to pay the interest semi-annually with principal payable upon maturity.
United is not permitted under the Bankruptcy Code to make payments on unsecured pre-petition debt without providing notice to its creditors and receiving the approval of the Bankruptcy Court. As United has been advised its municipal bonds are unsecured (or in certain instances, partially secured) pre-petition debt, United cannot make payments thereon without first meeting the requirements outlined above.Accordingly, the Company has classified all of its municipal bonds as liabilities subject to compromise.
Section 365 of the Bankruptcy Code requires that the Company timely perform all of its post-petition obligations under unexpired leases of non-residential real property. The Company believes that it is in compliance with all payment obligations under its lease agreements relating to those airports where it has municipal bonds outstanding. Under certain of the airport lease agreements, however, the Company may be considered in default due to the non-payment of the debt and therefore subject to the default provisions of the lease agreements with the airports. Possible consequences could include loss of the Company's status as a signatory airline (resulting in increased rents and landing fees) and loss of the Company's exclusive space agreement.
The Company did not pay certain rental and landing fees when first due on December 1, 2002 under its airport use agreement with the City of Chicago with respect to the Chicago O'Hare International Airport. By letter to the Company dated December 4, 2002, Corporation Counsel for the City of Chicago asserted that the Company may have forfeited its exclusive rights to its premises at O'Hare on account of the Company's non-payment of such rental and landing fees. By letter to Corporation Counsel for the City of Chicago on December 5, 2002, the Company confirmed that it had paid, by wire transfer, on December 5, 2002, the full payment of outstanding rental and landing fee obligations at O'Hare and that such payment constituted a cure of any delinquency or default and that the Company's rights under such lease remain unaffected. Likewise, by letter to Corporation Counsel for the City of Chicago on December 6, 2002, the Company reiterated its position that the December 5th payment represented a cure of any rental delinquencies or defaults and that the City's attempt to modify the Company's exclusive rights was ineffective. A difference of opinion remains as to whether the City of Chicago's attempt to change the exclusive nature of the premises at O'Hare has any legal effect.
The Company did not make the debt service payments due March 1, 2003 of approximately $3.2 million on its Chicago O'Hare Series 1999A Bonds and of approximately $1.0 million on its Miami-Dade Series 2000 Bonds. Additionally, the Company does not intend to make debt service payments or any other payment due on or after April 1, 2003 on any of the municipal bond issuances, which include those referenced above, issued on behalf of the Company and relating to domestic airport financings.
The Company filed a Complaint Of Debtor For Declaratory Judgment with the Bankruptcy Court on February 28, 2003 and entered into a Standstill Agreement with the City of Chicago to seek clarification of its obligations under the municipal bonds and to protect its rights under its airport lease agreement at Chicago's O'Hare International Airport until the Bankruptcy Court decides the merits of the complaint.
On March 21, 2003, the Company
filed other Complaints of Debtor for Declaratory Judgment and, in connection
therewith, corresponding Motions for Temporary Restraining Order with respect
to the municipal bonds issuances relating to the facilities at the Denver
International Airport, the New York City - John F. Kennedy International
Airport, the San Francisco International Airport, and the Los Angeles International
Airport, each seeking a clarification of the Company's obligations under
the applicable municipal bonds, and the protection of its rights under
its underlying airport lease agreements at the applicable airport until
the Bankruptcy Court decides the merits of each of the above complaints.
On March 27, 2003, the Bankruptcy Court conducted a hearing on this issue.
At that time, the Bankruptcy Court continued the matter until March 31,
2003. The parties are attempting to negotiate an order that protects
the Company's rights under its leases by requiring the lessors to give
additional notice of certain alledged defaults. The Company is unable
to predict what, if any, action might be taken in the future by either
the bondholders or the airport authorities as a result of its failure to
pay these obligations as contractually required
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
In re: UAL Corporation, et. al.
As discussed above, on the Petition Date, UAL, the Company and 26 other direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court. The Chapter 11 Cases are being jointly administered under the caption "In re UAL Corporation, et al., Case Nos. 02-B-48191 through 02-B-48218." As debtors-in-possession, the Debtors are authorized under Chapter 11 to continue to operate as an ongoing business, but may not engage in transactions outside the ordinary course of business without the prior approval of the Bankruptcy Court. As of the Petition Date, virtually all pending litigation (including some of the actions described below) is stayed, and absent further order of the Bankruptcy Court, no party, subject to certain exceptions, may take any action, again subject to certain exceptions, to recover on pre-petition claims against the Debtors. In addition, Debtors may reject pre-petition executory contracts and unexpired lease obligations, and parties affected by these rejections may file claims with the Bankruptcy Court. At this time, it is not possible to predict the outcome of the Chapter 11 Cases or their effect on the Company's business.
Frank, et al. v. United; EEOC v. United
A class action lawsuit against United was filed on February 7, 1992 in federal district court in California, alleging that United's former flight attendant weight program, in effect from 1989 to 1994, unlawfully discriminated against flight attendants on the grounds of sex, age and other factors, and seeking monetary relief. On April 29, 1994, the class was certified as to the sex and age claims. Following extensive motion practice, on March 10, 1998, the district court dismissed all the claims against United. Following an appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, a three-judge panel of the Ninth Circuit, on June 21, 2000, overturned the ruling. The court ruled that the plaintiffs were entitled to judgment as a matter of law on their claims for discrimination based on sex and that a trial was required for determination on their claims for age discrimination. In addition, the appellate court reversed the dismissal of all individual class representative claims of discrimination and the case was remanded to the district court for further proceedings. United's petition before the U.S. Supreme Court was rejected. Prior to United's Chapter 11 filing, the parties settled the case to enable plaintiffs to establish the size of their unsecured claim. The automatic stay resulting from United's Chapter 11 filing will be lifted to allow the court to conduct proceedings to allow the finalization of the settlement as to the class.
Hall d.b.a. Travel Specialists v. United
A North Carolina travel agent filed an antitrust class action suit against United (and other carriers) initially in state court and then in federal court in North Carolina following the reduction by United (and other carriers) in November 1999 of commission rates payable to travel agents. Plaintiffs allege that United and the other carrier-defendants conspired to fix travel agent commissions in violation of the Sherman Act and seek treble damages and injunctive relief. Subsequent to this initial filing, the case has been expanded by the addition of five new travel agencies, ARTA, and eight new carrier defendants, including two Star Alliance carriers. In addition, the court has allowed the addition of claims related to carriers' commission reduction actions in 1997, 1998, 2001, and 2002. Earlier this year the Court granted plaintiffs' motion to certify the case as a class action consisting of all U.S. (and its possessions) travel agencies. Plaintiffs have claimed lost commissions, assuming liability, in the amount of approximately $13 billion, although United's alleged share of this amount has not been determined by plaintiffs. Upon UAL's Chapter 11 filing, this case was stayed as against United. Since that date, all remaining defendants have moved for summary judgment. Those motions are pending before the court. Trial has been set for September 2, 2003.
In addition to the Hall case, United has been named in several other cases filed in the U.S. and Canada, involving commission rates payable to travel agencies. These cases are in their early stages. United does not expect the outcome of Hall and the related cases to have any material effect upon United's consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Litigation Associated with September 11 Terrorism
Approximately 40 lawsuits have been served on United in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York related to the September 11 terrorist attacks. The suits seek a variety of recoveries, including wrongful death, injury or property damage, and claim that United and others breached their duty of care to the passengers and to the ground victims. A number of lawsuits have also been filed against American and other defendants. Under federal law, United's liability on such claims will be limited to the amount of United's insurance coverage. United anticipates the filing of other lawsuits related to the September 11 attacks in the future. Also, a forum was created under federal law to provide, as an alternative to litigation, an administrative avenue for the payment of compensation to victims of the terror attacks. United has stipulated that the automatic stay applicable to these lawsuits under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code will be lifted for 60 days to permit United's participation in a motion to dismiss the claims of the ground victims.
See also Item 1, "Business
- - Environmental Regulation" and Note 15, "Commitments, Contingent Liabilities
and Uncertainties" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders in the fourth
quarter of 2002.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
United Air Lines, Inc. is
a wholly owned subsidiary of UAL Corporation and there is no market for
United's common stock.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA AND OPERATING STATISTICS.
| (In Millions, Except Rates) |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Income Statement Data: | |||||
| Operating revenues |
$ 13,916
|
$ 16,087
|
$ 19,331
|
$ 17,967
|
$ 17,518
|
| Earnings (loss) before extraordinary item | |||||
| and cumulative effect |
(3,327)
|
(2,113)
|
267
|
1,207
|
803
|
| Net earnings (loss) |
(3,327)
|
(2,110)
|
52
|
1,204
|
803
|
| Other Information: | |||||
| Total assets at year-end |
$ 23,129
|
$ 25,746
|
$ 25,069
|
$ 21,543
|
$ 18,830
|
| Long-term debt and capital lease | |||||
| obligations, including current portion, | |||||
| and redeemable preferred stock |
700
|
10,233
|
7,594
|
5,455
|
5,373
|
| Liabilities subject to compromise |
13,975
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
| Revenue passengers |
69
|
75
|
85
|
87
|
87
|
| Revenue passenger miles |
109,460
|
116,635
|
126,933
|
125,465
|
124,609
|
| Available seat miles |
148,827
|
164,849
|
175,485
|
176,686
|
174,008
|
| Passenger load factor |
73.5%
|
70.8%
|
72.3%
|
71.0%
|
71.6%
|
| Breakeven passenger load factor |
92.3%
|
90.1%
|
69.4%
|
64.9%
|
64.9%
|
| Passenger revenue per passenger mile |
10.8¢
|
11.7¢
|
13.3¢
|
12.5¢
|
12.4¢
|
| Operating revenue per available seat mile |
9.4¢
|
9.8¢
|
11.0¢
|
10.2¢
|
10.1¢
|
| Operating expense per available seat mile |
11.4¢
|
12.0¢
|
10.6¢
|
9.4¢
|
9.2¢
|
| Fuel gallons consumed |
2,458
|
2,861
|
3,101
|
3,065
|
3,029
|
| Average price per gallon of jet | |||||
| fuel, including tax |
78.2¢
|
86.5¢
|
81.0¢
|
57.9¢
|
59.0¢
|
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
| This section contains various "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements represent the Company's expectations and beliefs concerning future events, based on information available to the Company on the date of the filing of this Form 10K, and are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those referenced in the forward-looking statements are listed in the last paragraph of the section, "Outlook for 2003." The Company disclaims any intent or obligation to update or revise any of the forward-looking statements, whether in response to new information, unforeseen events, changed circumstances or otherwise. |
Chapter 11 Reorganization
On December 9, 2002, the Debtors filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division, in Chicago. For further details regarding the bankruptcy filing, see "Bankruptcy Considerations" under Item 1.
On the Petition Date, the Bankruptcy Court gave interim approval for an aggregate of up to $1.5 billion in DIP Financing. The DIP Financing is structured as a $300 million facility from Bank One, NA (the "Bank One Facility") and a $1.2 billion facility provided by a group led by JPMorgan Chase Bank, Citicorp USA, Inc., Bank One, NA and The CIT Group/Business Credit, Inc. (the "Club Facility"). The Company has received commitments of $1.0 billion under the Club Facility following the completion of the syndication process for that facility; the balance is conditioned upon the participation of one or more additional lenders, subject to approval by the existing participants. The Company currently has access to the entire Bank One Facility and to $500 million of the Club Facility. Access to the balance of the Club Facility is subject to specified terms of that facility. These terms require that the Company achieve performance milestones under its business plan, which include substantial cost savings in the near term. Final approval of the DIP Financing was granted by the Bankruptcy Court on December 30, 2002. For more information on the DIP Financing, see Note 1, "Proceedings Under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In order to exit Chapter 11 successfully, the Company will need to propose, and obtain confirmation by the Bankruptcy Court of, a plan of reorganization that satisfies the requirements of the Bankruptcy Code. A plan of reorganization would resolve, among other things, the Debtors' pre-petition obligations, set forth the revised capital structure of the newly reorganized entity and provide for its corporate governance subsequent to exit from bankruptcy. The timing of filing a plan of reorganization by the Company will depend on the timing and outcome of numerous other ongoing matters in the Chapter 11 Cases. Although the Company expects to file a plan of reorganization that provides for its emergence from bankruptcy as a going concern, there can be no assurance at this time that a plan of reorganization will be confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, or that any such plan will be implemented successfully.
Under Section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code, the filing of a bankruptcy petition automatically stays most actions against a debtor, including most actions to collect pre-petition indebtedness or to exercise control over the property of the debtor's estate. Absent an order of the Bankruptcy Court, substantially all pre-petition liabilities are subject to settlement under the plan of reorganization. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Debtors' rights to possess and operate certain qualifying aircraft, aircraft engines and other aircraft-related equipment that are leased or subject to a security interest or conditional sale contract are governed by Section 1110 of the Bankruptcy Code ("Section 1110") that specifies different treatment. For further information on Section 1110 and its impact on the Company, see "Properties - Flight Equipment" under Item 2 and Note 1, "Proceedings Under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Under Section 365 of the Bankruptcy Code, the Debtors may assume, assume and assign, or reject certain executory contracts and unexpired leases, including leases of real property, aircraft and aircraft engines, subject to the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and certain other conditions. In general, rejection of an unexpired lease or executory contract is treated as a pre-petition breach of the lease or contract in question. Subject to certain exceptions, this rejection relieves the Debtors of performing their future obligations under that lease or contract but entitles the lessor or contract counterparty to a pre-petition general unsecured claim for damages caused by the deemed breach. Section 1113(c) of the Bankruptcy Code specified particular treatment of collective bargaining agreements ("CBAs") which a debtor may move to reject if the debtor first satisfies a number of statutorily prescribed substantive and procedural prerequisites and obtains the Bankruptcy Court's approval of the rejection. See "Employees - Labor Matters" under Item 1 and "Labor Agreements" below for further information.
At this time, it is not possible to predict accurately the effect of the Chapter 11 reorganization process on the Company's business or when it may emerge from Chapter 11. The Company's future results depend on the timely and successful confirmation and implementation of a plan of reorganization. The rights and claims of various creditors and security holders will be determined by the plan as well. No assurance can be given as to what values, if any, will be ascribed in the bankruptcy proceedings to each of these constituencies, and it is possible that UAL's equity or UAL's or the Company's other securities will be restructured in a manner that will reduce substantially or eliminate any remaining value. Accordingly, the Company urges that appropriate caution be exercised with respect to existing and future investments in any of such securities and claims.
On February 24, 2003, the Bankruptcy Court entered a preliminary injunction in order to restrict the trading of UAL's common stock and debt interests in UAL or the Company. The purpose of the preliminary injunction was to ensure that the Company did not lose the benefit of its net operating loss ("NOL"). Under federal and state income tax law, an NOL can be used to offset future taxable income, and thus is an extremely valuable asset. However, a company can lose the benefit of its NOLs if the company is deemed to undergo an "ownership change" under certain very specific tax rules in the Internal Revenue Code. Excessive trading in a company's stock (or debt when the company is in bankruptcy) can trigger such an "ownership change," and thus the Company sought to restrict the trading of UAL's common stock and debt interests.
Under the terms of the preliminary injunction, no person can buy or sell UAL stock if that person holds more than 4.8 million shares of UAL common stock or would hold more than 4.8 million shares after the purchase. Any person who holds more than $200 million in debt claims against UAL must register as a "substantial claimholder" with UAL, and no person may acquire debt claims against UAL if the acquisition of the claims would cause them to hold more than $200 million in such claims. See Note 6, "Income Taxes" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with SOP 90-7 and on a going-concern basis, which contemplates continuity of operations, realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. However, as a result of the Debtors' Chapter 11 filing, such realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities, without substantial adjustments or changes in ownership, are subject to uncertainty. While operating as debtors-in-possession under the protection of Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code and subject to approval of the Bankruptcy Court or otherwise as permitted in the ordinary course of business, the Debtors may sell or otherwise dispose of assets, or liquidate and settle liabilities, for some amounts other than those reflected in the consolidated financial statements. Further, a plan of reorganization could materially change the amounts and classifications in the historical financial statements.
Results of Operations
Summary of Results -
The air travel business
is subject to seasonal fluctuations. United's operations are often adversely
impacted by winter weather and United's first- and fourth-quarter results
normally reflect reduced travel demand. Historically, operating results
are better in the second and third quarters. The events of September 11
and the downturn in the U.S. economy distorted the normal seasonal relationships
in 2001 and 2002. As a result of the U.S. war with Iraq, the typical seasonal
fluctuations may continue to be disrupted in 2003.
During 2000, the Company experienced significant operational disruptions, as a result of labor-related delays and cancellations, as well as weather and air traffic control limitations, which adversely affected both revenue and expense performance. The Company attempted to mitigate the impact of these operational difficulties by reducing capacity, particularly in the domestic markets, where most of the problems were concentrated. The Company estimated the revenue shortfall arising from these disruptions and associated schedule reductions and cancellations to be somewhere between $700 and $750 million for the year.
Additionally, beginning in early 2001, the weakening U.S. economy had a significant impact on the airline industry as corporations reduced their business travel budgets and changed their travel behavior. During the first six months of 2001, the industry began experiencing significant revenue declines as a result of the decrease in business traffic, which impacted both unit revenues and yields, particularly in the domestic markets. United's domestic passenger revenue was down $728 million (12%) in the first six months of 2001 compared to the same period in 2000, partially driven from a 4% domestic capacity reduction and a 15% decline in business revenues. Domestic unit revenue was down 8% from 2000. Domestic business revenue was down $631 million (15%) in the first six months of 2001, driven by a 13% decline in volume and a 2% decline in yield.
Historically, there has been a strong correlation between airline revenues and GDP and corporate profitability. As corporate profitability dropped during this period, companies reduced spending on travel. During this period, approximately 65% to 75% of United's domestic revenues were derived from business travelers, which resulted in United being disproportionately affected by this decline as compared to some of United's competitors who rely less heavily on business travelers.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 had a significant negative impact on passenger and cargo demand for air travel. In a direct response to the adverse impact on air travel as a result of the terrorist attacks, United reduced its capacity by 23% based on system-wide available seat miles compared to levels prior to September 11. This schedule reduction allowed for the early retirement of the entire B727-200 and B737-200 fleets in 2001. Additionally, United began the process of furloughing approximately 20,000 employees. During the fourth quarter 2001, United restructured its aircraft delivery program with both The Boeing Company and Airbus Industrie to defer deliveries of new aircraft for 2002 and 2003 from the 67 originally planned to 24 aircraft. United took delivery of 24 of an original 49 aircraft scheduled for the year 2002 and will not take delivery of any of the 18 aircraft originally scheduled for 2003. The remaining 43 aircraft have been deferred into 2004 and beyond. United's future schedule will vary as the Company reacts to continuing changes in demand and yields, as well as normal factors such as seasonality and fleet composition.
As part of the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act of 2001 (the "Act") enacted in response to the events of September 11, 2001, the federal government made $5.0 billion in federal grants available to the airline industry. The Company received a total of $782 million in grants under the Act. This amount represents the Company's total allocation of grant money under the Act and is recorded as non-operating income in the Statements of Consolidated Operations. For further discussion of the impact of the attacks, the Company's response and the Act on the Company's financial statements, see Note 3, "Special Charges" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Throughout 2002, the Company continued to suffer from the weakened revenue environment resulting from the events of September 11 and the weak U.S. economy. In early 2002, year-over-year unit revenues had been improving each month from a 14% decline in January to a 4% decline in May; however, unit revenue growth stalled in the third and fourth quarters as demand continued to be weak and yields declined. Industry revenues continue to remain below 1995 levels and United, in particular, has experienced declines in domestic unit revenue that are below industry levels. United's unit revenue for 2002 decreased 4% from the prior year and yields have declined 8% year-over-year.
United's loss from operations was $(3.0) billion in 2002, compared to $(3.7) billion in 2001. United's net loss for 2002 was $(3.3) billion, compared to $(2.1) billion before the cumulative effect of an accounting change in 2001.
The 2002 results include a special charge of $67 million recorded in connection with severance related to furloughs. Additionally, the Company recorded a gain of $46 million on the sale of its investment in Cendant Corporation and recognized $130 million in non-operating income as compensation under the Act. During 2002, the Company also had a 0% effective tax rate, as compared to recognizing a $1.2 billion tax credit in 2001.
During 2001, United recorded a special charge of $1.3 billion in operating expense and $49 million in non-operating expense for amounts relating to the September 11 terrorist attacks and the resulting impact on the Company's schedule and operations. In addition, through December 31, United has recognized $652 million in non-operating income as compensation under the Act. The Company also recorded a gain of $261 million on the sale of certain investments.
Each of the above special charges and gains on sales are described more fully in Note 3, "Special Charges," Note 6, "Income Taxes" and Note 7, "Investments" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
2002 Compared with 2001 -
Operating Revenues.
Operating revenues decreased $2.2 billion (13%) and United's revenue per
available seat mile (unit revenue) decreased 4% from 9.76 cents to 9.35
cents. Passenger revenues decreased $1.9 billion (14%) due to a 6% decrease
in revenue passenger miles and an 8% decrease in yield. United's available
seat miles across the system decreased 10% from 2001; however, passenger
load factor increased 2.7 points to 73.5%. The following analysis by market
is based on information reported to the DOT:
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