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FORM 10-K
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
----------------------
Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995
Commission file number 1-3605
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 94-0928288
(State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
6177 Sunol Boulevard, Pleasanton, California 94566-7769
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (510) 462-1122
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Name of each exchange
Title of each class on which registered
------------------- ---------------------
Cumulative Convertible Preference Stock
(par value $100)
4 1/8% Series None
4 3/4% (1957 Series) None
4 3/4% (1959 Series) None
4 3/4% (1966 Series) None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Title of each class
-------------------
Cumulative (1985 Series A) Preference Stock
Cumulative (1985 Series B) Preference Stock
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all
reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X
-----
No -----
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be
contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy
or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of
this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
-----
As of March 15, 1996, there were 46,171,365 shares of the common stock
of the registrant outstanding, all of which were owned by Kaiser
Aluminum Corporation, the parent corporation of the registrant. As of
March 15, 1996, non-affiliates of the registrant held 599,845 shares
of Cumulative (1985 Series A) Preference Stock and 97,106 shares of
Cumulative (1985 Series B) Preference Stock of the registrant. The
aggregate value of such Cumulative (1985 Series A) Preference Stock and
the Cumulative (1985 Series B) Preference Stock, based upon the
redemption price for such stock, is $34.8 million.
Certain portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement to be
filed not later than 120 days after the close of the registrant's
fiscal year are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Report
on Form 10-K.
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NOTE
Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation's Report on Form 10-K filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission includes all exhibits
required to be filed with the Report. Copies of this Report on Form
10-K, including only Exhibit 21 of the exhibits listed on pages 59-62
of this Report, are available without charge upon written request.
The registrant will furnish copies of the other exhibits to this
Report on Form 10-K upon payment of a fee of 25 cents per page.
Please contact the office set forth below to request copies of this
Report on Form 10-K and for information as to the number of pages
contained in each of the other exhibits and to request copies of such
exhibits:
Corporate Secretary
Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation
6177 Sunol Boulevard
Pleasanton, California 94566-7769
(i)
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
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PART I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ITEM 1. BUSINESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS. . 17
PART II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. . . . . . . . 18
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA. . . . . . 26
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON
ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE . . . . . . . . 57
PART III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT. . 57
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
AND MANAGEMENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS. . . . 57
PART IV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND
REPORTS ON FORM 8-K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
SIGNATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
INDEX OF EXHIBITS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
EXHIBIT 21 SUBSIDIARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
(ii)
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Industry Overview
- -----------------
Primary aluminum is produced by the refining of bauxite into alumina
and the reduction of alumina into primary aluminum. Approximately two
pounds of bauxite are required to produce one pound of alumina, and
approximately two pounds of alumina are required to produce one pound
of primary aluminum. Aluminum's valuable physical properties include
its light weight, corrosion resistance, thermal and electrical
conductivity, and high tensile strength.
Demand
The packaging, transportation and construction industries are the
principal consumers of aluminum in the United States, Japan, and
Western Europe. In the packaging industry, which accounted for
approximately 20% of aluminum consumption in 1994, aluminum's
recyclability and weight advantages have enabled it to gain market
share from steel and glass, primarily in the beverage container area.
Nearly all beer cans and soft drink cans manufactured for the United
States market are made of aluminum. Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical
Corporation ("KACC" or the "Company") believes that growth in the
packaging area is likely to continue through the 1990s due to general
population increase and to further penetration of the beverage
container market in Asia and Latin America, where aluminum cans are a
substantially lower percentage of the total beverage container market
than in the United States. The Company believes that growth in demand
for can sheet in the United States will follow the growth in
population, offset, in part, by the effects of the use of lighter
gauge aluminum for can sheet and of plastic container production from
newly installed capacity.
In the transportation industry, which accounted for approximately 28%
of aluminum consumption in the United States, Japan, and Western
Europe in 1994, automotive manufacturers use aluminum instead of
steel, ductile iron, or copper for an increasing number of components,
including radiators, wheels, suspension components, and engines, in
order to meet more stringent environmental, safety, and fuel
efficiency requirements. The Company believes that sales of aluminum
to the transportation industry have considerable growth potential due
to projected increases in the use of aluminum in automobiles. In
addition, the Company believes that consumption of aluminum in the
construction industry will follow the cyclical growth pattern of that
industry, and will benefit from higher growth in Asian and Latin American
economies.
Supply
As of year-end 1995, Western world aluminum capacity from 107 smelting
facilities was approximately 16.6 million tons* per year. Western
world production of primary aluminum for 1995 increased approximately
1.8% compared to 1994. Net exports of aluminum from the former Sino
Soviet bloc increased approximately 250% from 1990 levels during the
period from 1991 through 1994 to approximately 2.2 million tons per
year. These exports contributed to a significant increase in London
Metal Exchange ("LME") stocks of primary aluminum which peaked in June
1994 at 2.7 million tons. By the end of 1995, LME stocks of primary
aluminum had declined 2.1 million tons from this peak level and 1.1
million tons from the beginning of 1995. See "-Recent Industry
Trends."
Based upon information currently available, the Company believes that
moderate additions will be made during 1996-1998 to Western world
alumina and primary aluminum production capacity. The increases in
alumina capacity during 1996-1998 are expected to come from one new
refinery which began operations in 1995 and incremental expansions of
existing
- ----------
* All references to tons in this Report refer to metric tons of
2,204.6 pounds.
1
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
refineries. In addition, the Company believes that there is currently
approximately .9 million tons of curtailed smelting capacity that
could be restarted by aluminum producers. The increases in primary
aluminum capacity during 1996-1998 are expected to come from one new
smelter, which began operations in 1995 and is expected to reach its
rated capacity of approximately 466,000 tons per year in 1996, and the
remainder principally from incremental expansions of existing
smelters.
Recent Industry Trends
Market fundamentals for aluminum improved significantly in 1994 as
aluminum producers worldwide curtailed primary aluminum production,
Western world consumption of aluminum grew strongly, and customers
replenished inventories, particularly in the United States. In 1995,
production of primary aluminum increased and consumption of aluminum
continued to grow, but at a much lower rate than in 1994. In general,
the overall aluminum market was strongest in the first half of 1995.
By the second half of 1995, orders and shipments for certain products
had softened and the rate of decline in LME inventories had leveled
off. By the end of 1995, some small increases in LME inventories
occurred, and prices of aluminum weakened from first-half levels. The
Midwest U.S. transaction price for primary aluminum in 1995 averaged
approximately 86 cents per pound, compared to a 1994 annual average of
approximately 72 cents per pound. The Midwest U.S. transaction price
for primary aluminum averaged approximately 79 cents per pound in
December 1995.
Western world demand for alumina, and the price of alumina, declined
in 1994 in response to the curtailment of Western world smelter
production of primary aluminum, partially offset by increased usage of
Western world alumina by smelters in the Commonwealth of Independent
States (the "CIS") and in the People's Republic of China (the "PRC").
Increased Western world production of primary aluminum, as well as
continued imports of Western world alumina by the CIS and the PRC,
during 1995 resulted in higher demand for Western world alumina and
significantly stronger alumina pricing. United States shipments of
domestic fabricated aluminum products in 1995 were approximately at
1994 levels, although in 1995 demand for can sheet in the United
States softened relative to 1994. Overall, the Company believes that
the market fundamentals for aluminum will be good for the near future,
barring prolonged economic recession, and that demand is likely to
continue growing at levels sufficient to absorb the output from
restarts of industry smelter capacity and from the limited additions
of new supply under construction.
The Company
- -----------
General
The Company is a direct subsidiary of Kaiser Aluminum Corporation
("Kaiser") and is an indirect subsidiary of MAXXAM Inc. ("MAXXAM").
The Company operates in all principal aspects of the aluminum industry
- - the mining of bauxite, the refining of bauxite into alumina, the
production of primary aluminum from alumina, and the manufacture of
fabricated (including semi-fabricated) aluminum products. In addition
to the production utilized by the Company in its operations, the
Company sells significant amounts of alumina and primary aluminum in
domestic and international markets. In 1995, the Company produced
approximately 2,838,000 tons of alumina, of which approximately 72%
was sold to third parties, and produced 413,600 tons of primary
aluminum, of which approximately 66% was sold to third parties. The
Company is also a major domestic supplier of fabricated aluminum
products. In 1995, the Company shipped approximately 368,200 tons of
fabricated aluminum products to third parties, which accounted for
approximately 6% of the total tonnage of United States domestic
shipments. A majority of the Company's fabricated products are sold
to distributors or used by customers as components in the manufacture
and assembly of finished end-use products. Note 11 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.
2
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
The following table sets forth total shipments and intracompany
transfers of the Company's alumina, primary aluminum, and fabricated
aluminum operations:
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------
1995 1994 1993
------- ------- -------
(in thousands of tons)
ALUMINA:
Shipments to Third Parties 2,040.1 2,086.7 1,997.5
Intracompany Transfers 800.6 820.9 807.5
PRIMARY ALUMINUM:
Shipments to Third Parties 271.7 224.0 242.5
Intracompany Transfers 217.4 225.1 233.6
FABRICATED ALUMINUM PRODUCTS:
Shipments to Third Parties 368.2 399.0 373.2
Sensitivity to Prices and Hedging Programs
The Company's operating results are sensitive to changes in the prices
of alumina, primary aluminum, and fabricated aluminum products, and
also depend to a significant degree upon the volume and mix of all
products sold and on its hedging strategies. Fabricated aluminum
prices, which vary considerably among products, are influenced by
changes in the price of primary aluminum and generally lag behind
primary aluminum prices for periods of up to six months. Changes in
the market price of primary aluminum also affect the Company's
production costs of fabricated products because they influence the
price of aluminum scrap purchased by the Company and the Company's
labor costs, to the extent such costs are indexed to primary aluminum
prices. Through its variable cost structures, forward sales, and
hedging programs, the Company has attempted to mitigate its exposure
to possible declines in the market prices of alumina, primary
aluminum, and fabricated aluminum products while retaining the ability
to participate in favorable pricing environments that may materialize.
See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations - Trends - Sensitivity to Prices and Hedging
Programs" and Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements.
Production Operations
The Company's operations are conducted through decentralized business
units which compete throughout the aluminum industry.
. The alumina business unit, which mines bauxite and obtains
additional bauxite tonnage under long-term contracts, produced
approximately 8% of Western world alumina in 1995. During
1995, the Company's third party shipments of bauxite
represented approximately 21% of bauxite mined. In addition,
the Company's third party shipments of alumina represented
approximately 72% of alumina produced. The Company's share of
total Western world alumina capacity was approximately 7% in
1995.
. The primary aluminum products business unit operates two
domestic smelters wholly owned by the Company and two
foreign smelters in which the Company holds significant
ownership interests. During 1995, the Company's third
party shipments of primary aluminum represented approximately
66% of primary aluminum production. The Company's
share of total Western world primary aluminum capacity was
approximately 3% in 1995.
3
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
. Fabricated aluminum products are manufactured by three
business units - flat-rolled products, extruded products,
and engineered components. The products include body, lid,
and tab stock for beverage containers, sheet and
plate products, heat-treated products, screw machine stock,
redraw rod, forging stock, truck wheels and hubs,
air bag canisters, engine manifolds, and other castings,
forgings and extruded products, which are manufactured
at plants located in principal marketing areas of the United
States and Canada. The aluminum utilized in the
Company's fabricated products operations is comprised of
primary aluminum, obtained both internally and from
third parties, and scrap metal purchased from third parties.
Alumina
- -------
The following table lists the Company's bauxite mining and alumina
refining facilities as of December 31, 1995:
Annual
Production Total
Capacity Annual
Company Available to Production
Activity Facility Location Ownership the Company Capacity
- -------- -------- -------- --------- ------------ ----------
(tons) (tons)
Bauxite Mining KJBC(1) Jamaica 49% 4,500,000 4,500,000
Alpart(2) Jamaica 65% 2,275,000 3,500,000
--------- ---------
6,775,000 8,000,000
========= =========
Alumina Refining Gramercy Louisiana 100% 1,000,000 1,000,000
Alpart Jamaica 65% 943,000 1,450,000
QAL Australia 28.3% 934,000 3,300,000
--------- ---------
2,877,000 5,750,000
========= =========
- ----------
(1) Although the Company owns 49% of Kaiser Jamaica Bauxite Company
("KJBC"), it has the right to receive all of such entity's output.
(2) Alumina Partners of Jamaica ("Alpart") bauxite is refined into
alumina at the Alpart refinery.
Bauxite mined in Jamaica by KJBC is refined into alumina at the
Company's plant at Gramercy, Louisiana, or is sold to third parties.
In 1979, the Government of Jamaica granted the Company a mining lease
for the mining of bauxite sufficient to supply the Company's
then-existing Louisiana alumina refineries at their annual capacities
of 1,656,000 tons per year until January 31, 2020. Alumina from the
Gramercy plant is sold to third parties.
Alpart holds bauxite reserves and owns a 1,450,000 tons per year
alumina plant located in Jamaica. The Company owns a 65% interest in
Alpart, and Hydro Aluminium a.s ("Hydro") owns the remaining 35%
interest. The Company has management responsibility for the facility
on a fee basis. The Company and Hydro have agreed to be responsible
for their proportionate shares of Alpart's costs and expenses. The
Government of Jamaica has granted Alpart a mining lease and has
entered into other agreements with Alpart designed to assure that
sufficient reserves of bauxite will be available to Alpart to operate
its refinery as it may be expanded to a capacity of 2,000,000 tons per
year through the year 2024. Alpart has entered into an agreement for
the supply of substantially all of its fuel oil through 1996. The
balance of Alpart's fuel oil requirements through 1996 will be
purchased in the spot market.
4
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
The Company owns a 28.3% interest in Queensland Alumina Limited
("QAL"), which owns the largest and one of the most efficient alumina
refineries in the world, located in Queensland, Australia. QAL
refines bauxite into alumina, essentially on a cost basis, for the
account of its stockholders under long-term tolling contracts. The
stockholders, including the Company, purchase bauxite from another QAL
stockholder under long-term supply contracts. The Company has
contracted with QAL to take approximately 792,000 tons per year of
capacity or pay standby charges. The Company is unconditionally
obligated to pay amounts calculated to service its share ($88.9
million at December 31, 1995) of certain debt of QAL, as well as other
QAL costs and expenses, including bauxite shipping costs. QAL's
annual production capacity is approximately 3,300,000 tons, of which
approximately 934,000 tons are available to the Company.
The Company's principal customers for bauxite and alumina consist of
large and small domestic and international aluminum producers that
purchase bauxite and reduction-grade alumina for use in their internal
refining and smelting operations, trading intermediaries who resell
raw materials to end-users, and users of chemical-grade alumina. In
1995, the Company sold all of its bauxite to two customers, the
largest of which accounted for approximately 74% of such sales. The
Company also sold alumina to nine customers, the largest and top five
of which accounted for approximately 23% and 90% of such sales,
respectively. See "- Competition." The Company believes that among
alumina producers it is now the world's second largest seller of
alumina to third parties. The Company's strategy is to sell a
substantial portion of the bauxite and alumina available to it in
excess of its internal refining and smelting requirements under
multi-year sales contracts.
Primary Aluminum Products
- -------------------------
The following table lists the Company's primary aluminum smelting
facilities as of December 31, 1995:
Annual Rated Total 1995
Capacity Annual Average
Company Available to Rated Operating
Location Facility Ownership the Company Capacity Rate
- -------- -------- --------- ------------ -------- ---------
(tons) (tons)
Domestic
Washington Mead 100% 200,000 200,000 82%
Washington Tacoma 100% 73,000 73,000 82%
------- -------
Subtotal 273,000 273,000
------- -------
International
Ghana Valco 90% 180,000 200,000 68%
Wales, United Anglesey 49% 55,000 112,000 119%
------- -------
Subtotal 235,000 312,000
------- -------
Total 508,000 585,000
======= =======
The Company owns two smelters located at Mead and Tacoma, Washington,
where alumina is processed into primary aluminum. The Mead facility
uses pre-bake technology and produces primary aluminum. Approximately
71% of Mead's 1995 production was used at the Company's Trentwood
fabricating facility and the balance was sold to third parties. The
Tacoma plant uses Soderberg technology and produces primary aluminum
and high-grade, continuous-cast, redraw rod, which currently commands
a premium price in excess of the price of primary aluminum. Both
smelters have achieved significant production efficiencies in recent
years through retrofit technology, cost controls, and semi-variable
wage and
5
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
power contracts, leading to increases in production volume and
enhancing their ability to compete with newer smelters. At the Mead
plant, the Company has converted to welded anode assemblies to
increase energy efficiency, extended the anode life-cycle in the
smelting process, changed from pencil to liquid pitch to produce
carbon anodes which achieved environmental and operating savings, and
engaged in efforts to increase production through the use of improved,
higher-efficiency reduction cells.
Electric power represents an important production cost for the Company
at its aluminum smelters. In 1995 electric power purchase agreements
for the Company's facilities in the Pacific Northwest were
successfully restructured, which the Company anticipates will result
in significantly lower electric power costs in 1996 and beyond for the
Mead and Tacoma, Washington, smelters and the Trentwood, Washington,
rolling mill compared to 1995 electric power costs. From 1981 until 1995,
electric power for the Company's Mead and Tacoma smelters was purchased
exclusively from the Bonneville Power Administration (the "BPA") by the
Company under a contract which expires in 2001. In April 1995 the BPA
agreed to allow each of its direct service industrial customers (the "DSIs"),
which include the Company, to purchase a portion of its requirement for
electric power from sources other than the BPA beginning October 1, 1995.
In June 1995 the Company entered into an agreement with The Washington Water
Power Company (the "WWP") to purchase up to 50 megawatts of electric
power for its Northwest facilities for a five-year term beginning
October 1, 1995. The Company is receiving power under that contract,
which power displaces a portion of the Company's interruptible power
from the BPA. In addition, in 1995 the Company entered into a new
power purchase contract with the BPA, which amends the existing BPA
power contract and which contemplates reductions during 1996 in the
amount of power which the Company is obligated to purchase from the
BPA and which the BPA is obligated to sell to the Company, and the
replacement of such power with power to be purchased from other
suppliers. The Company is negotiating power purchase agreements for
such power with suppliers other than the BPA. Contracts for the
purchase of all power required by the Company's Mead and Tacoma
smelters and Trentwood rolling mill for 1996, and for approximately
one-half of such power for the period 1997-2000, have been finalized.
Two lawsuits were filed in December 1995 against the BPA by various
parties, one of which petitions for a review of the BPA's "Record of
Decision on Direct Service Industrial Customer Requirements Power
Sales Contract" issued on September 28, 1995, and one of which
petitions for review of, and to set aside, suspend, or modify, the
action of the BPA to decide to offer five-year "block" power sales to
the DSIs. The effect of such lawsuits, if any, on the Company's new
power purchase contract with the BPA is not known. Certain of the
DSIs, including the Company, have intervened in the two lawsuits.
In 1995 the Company also entered into agreements with the BPA and with
the WWP, with terms ending in 2001, under which the BPA and the WWP
would provide to the Company transmission services for power purchased
from sources other than the BPA. The term of the transmission
services agreement with the BPA was subsequently extended for an
additional fifteen years, which extension has been challenged. Four
lawsuits have been filed against the BPA by various parties, which
lawsuits either challenge the BPA's record of decision offering such
an extension agreement to the DSIs or challenge the BPA's Business
Plan Environmental Impact Statement record of decision in connection
therewith. Certain of the DSIs, including the Company, have
intervened in the four lawsuits.
The Company began operating its Mead and Tacoma smelters in Washington
at approximately 75% of their full capacity in January 1993, when
three reduction potlines were removed from production (two at Mead and
one at Tacoma) in response to a power reduction imposed by the BPA.
In March 1995, the BPA offered to its industrial customers, including
the Company, surplus firm power at a discounted rate for the period
April 1, 1995, through July 31, 1995, to enable such customers to
restart idle industrial loads. In April 1995, the Company and the BPA
entered into a contract for an amount of such power, and thereafter
the Company restarted one-half of an idle potline (approximately 9,000
tons of annual capacity) at its Tacoma, Washington, smelter. The
Tacoma smelter was returned to full production in October 1995. In
1995 the Company entered into a one-year power supply contract with
the BPA, for a term ending September 30, 1996,
6
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
in connection with the restart of idled capacity at its Mead smelter.
The Mead smelter returned to full production in December 1995.
The Company manages, and owns a 90% interest in, the Volta Aluminium
Company Limited ("Valco") aluminum smelter in Ghana. The Valco
smelter uses pre-bake technology and processes alumina supplied by the
Company and the other participant into primary aluminum under
long-term tolling contracts which provide for proportionate payments
by the participants in amounts intended to pay not less than all of
Valco's operating and financing costs. The Company's share of the
primary aluminum is sold to third parties. Power for the Valco
smelter is supplied under an agreement which expires in 2017. The
agreement indexes two-thirds of the price of the contract quantity of
power to the market price of primary aluminum. The agreement also
provides for a review and adjustment of the base power rate and the
price index every five years. The most recent review was completed in
April 1994 for the 1994-1998 period. Valco has entered into an
agreement with the government of Ghana under which Valco has been
assured (except in cases of force majeure) that it will receive
sufficient electric power to operate at its current level of three and
one-half potlines through December 31, 1996. The Company believes
that, assuming normal rainfall during 1996, Valco should have available
sufficient electric power to operate at its current level through
1996.
The Company owns a 49% interest in the Anglesey Aluminium Limited
("Anglesey") aluminum smelter and port facility at Holyhead, Wales.
The Anglesey smelter uses pre-bake technology. The Company supplies
49% of Anglesey's alumina requirements and purchases 49% of Anglesey's
aluminum output. The Company sells its share of Anglesey's output to
third parties. Power for the Anglesey aluminum smelter is supplied
under an agreement which expires in 2001.
The Company has developed and installed proprietary retrofit and
control technology in all of its smelters, as well as at third party
locations. This technology - which includes the redesign of the
cathodes and anodes that conduct electricity through reduction cells,
improved feed systems that add alumina to the cells, and a
computerized system that controls energy flow in the cells - enhances
the Company's ability to compete more effectively with the industry's
newer smelters. The Company is actively engaged in efforts to license
this technology and sell technical and managerial assistance to other
producers worldwide, and may participate in joint ventures or similar
business partnerships which employ the Company's technical and
managerial knowledge. See "-Research and Development."
The Company's principal primary aluminum customers consist of large
trading intermediaries and metal brokers, who resell primary aluminum
to fabricated product manufacturers, and large and small international
aluminum fabricators. In 1995, the Company sold its primary aluminum
production not utilized for internal purposes to approximately 35
customers, the largest and top five of which accounted for
approximately 25% and 62% of such sales, respectively. See "-
Competition." Marketing and sales efforts are conducted by a small
staff located at the business unit's headquarters in Pleasanton,
California, and by senior executives of the Company who participate in
the structuring of major sales transactions. A majority of the
business unit's sales are based upon long-term relationships with
metal merchants and end-users.
Fabricated Aluminum Products
- ----------------------------
The Company manufactures and markets fabricated aluminum products for
the packaging, transportation, construction, and consumer durables
markets in the United States and abroad. Sales in these markets are
made directly and through distributors to a large number of customers.
In 1995, four domestic beverage container manufacturers were among the
leading customers for the Company's fabricated products and accounted
for approximately 12% of the Company's sales revenue.
7
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
The Company's fabricated products compete with those of numerous
domestic and foreign producers and with products made of steel,
copper, glass, plastic, and other materials. Product quality, price,
and availability are the principal competitive factors in the market
for fabricated aluminum products. The Company has focused its
fabricated products operations on selected products in which the
Company has production expertise, high-quality capability, and
geographic and other competitive advantages.
Flat-Rolled Products - The flat-rolled products business unit, the
largest of the Company's fabricated products businesses, operates the
Trentwood sheet and plate mill at Spokane, Washington. The Trentwood
facility is the Company's largest fabricating plant and accounted for
approximately 64% of the Company's 1995 fabricated aluminum products
shipments. The business unit supplies the beverage container market
(producing body, lid, and tab stock), the aerospace market, and the
tooling plate, heat-treated alloy and common alloy coil markets, both
directly and through distributors. During 1995, the Company
successfully completed the two year restructuring of its flat-rolled
products operation at its Trentwood plant to reduce that facility's
annual operating costs by at least $50.0 million.
The Company's flat-rolled products are sold primarily to beverage
container manufacturers located in the western United States and in
the Asian Pacific Rim countries where the Trentwood plant's location
provides the Company with a transportation advantage. Quality of
products for the beverage container industry and timeliness of
delivery are the primary bases on which the Company competes. The
Company believes that capital improvements at Trentwood have enhanced
the quality of its products for the beverage container industry and
the capacity and efficiency of its manufacturing operations, and that
the Company is one of the highest quality producers of aluminum
beverage can stock in the world.
In 1995, the flat-rolled products business unit had 31 domestic and
foreign can stock customers, including the five major domestic
beverage can manufacturers. The largest and top five of such
customers accounted for approximately 14% and 41%, respectively, of
the business unit's revenue. See "- Competition." In 1995, the
business unit shipped products to approximately 150 customers in the
aerospace, transportation, and industrial ("ATI") markets, most of
which were distributors who sell to a variety of industrial end-users.
The top five customers in the ATI markets for flat-rolled products
accounted for approximately 13% of the business unit's revenue. The
marketing staff for the flat-rolled products business unit is located
at the Trentwood facility and in Pleasanton, California. Sales are
made directly to customers (including distributors) from eight sales
offices located throughout the United States. International customers
are served by sales offices in the Netherlands and Japan and by
independent sales agents in Asia and Latin America.
Extruded Products - The extruded products business unit is
headquartered in Dallas, Texas, and operates soft-alloy extrusion
facilities in Los Angeles, California; Santa Fe Springs, California;
Sherman, Texas; and London, Ontario, Canada; a cathodic protection
business located in Tulsa, Oklahoma, that also extrudes both aluminum
and magnesium; rod and bar facilities in Newark, Ohio, and Jackson,
Tennessee, which produce screw machine stock, redraw rod, forging
stock, and billet; and a facility in Richland, Washington, which
produces seamless tubing in both hard and soft alloys for the
automotive, other transportation, export, recreation, agriculture, and
other industrial markets. Each of the soft-alloy extrusion facilities
has fabricating capabilities and provides finishing services.
The extruded products business unit's major markets are in the
transportation industry, to which it provides extruded shapes for
automobiles, trucks, trailers, cabs, and shipping containers, and in
the distribution, durable goods, defense, building and construction,
ordnance and electrical markets. In 1995, the extruded products
business unit had approximately 825 customers for its products, the
largest and top five of which accounted for approximately 6% and 20%,
respectively, of its revenue. See "- Competition." Sales are made
directly from plants as well as marketing locations across the United
States.
8
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
Engineered Components - The engineered components business unit
operates forging facilities at Erie, Pennsylvania; Oxnard, California;
and Greenwood, South Carolina; a machine shop at Greenwood, South
Carolina; and a casting facility in Canton, Ohio. The engineered
components business unit is one of the largest producers of aluminum
forgings in the United States and is a major supplier of high-quality
forged parts to customers in the automotive, commercial vehicle and
ordnance markets. The high strength-to-weight properties of forged
and cast aluminum make it particularly well-suited for automotive
applications. The business unit's casting facility manufactures
aluminum engine manifolds for the automobile, truck and marine
markets.
In 1995, the engineered components business unit had approximately 250
customers, the largest and top five of which accounted for
approximately 34% and 77%, respectively, of the business unit's
revenue. See "- Competition." The engineered components business
unit's headquarters is located in Erie, Pennsylvania, and there is a
sales and engineering office located in Detroit, Michigan, which works
with car makers and other customers, the Center for Technology (see "-
Research and Development"), and plant personnel to create new automotive
component designs and improve existing products.
Competition
Aluminum competes in many markets with steel, copper, glass, plastic,
and numerous other materials. In recent years, plastic containers
have increased and glass containers have decreased their respective
shares of the soft drink sector of the beverage container market. In
the United States, beverage container materials, including aluminum,
face increased competition from plastics as increased polyethylene
("PET") container capacity is brought on line by plastics
manufacturers. Within the aluminum business, the Company competes
with both domestic and foreign producers of bauxite, alumina and
primary aluminum, and with domestic and foreign fabricators. Many of
the Company's competitors have greater financial resources than the
Company. The Company's principal competitors in the sale of alumina
include Alcoa Alumina and Chemicals LLC, Billiton Marketing and
Trading BV, and Alcan Aluminium Limited. The Company competes with
most aluminum producers in the sale of primary aluminum.
Primary aluminum and, to some degree, alumina are commodities with
generally standard qualities, and competition in the sale of these
commodities is based primarily upon price, quality and availability.
The Company also competes with a wide range of domestic and
international fabricators in the sale of fabricated aluminum products.
Competition in the sale of fabricated products is based upon quality,
availability, price and service, including delivery performance. The
Company concentrates its fabricating operations on selected products
in which it has production expertise, high-quality capability, and
geographic and other competitive advantages. The Company believes
that, assuming the current relationship between worldwide supply and
demand for alumina and primary aluminum does not change materially,
the loss of any one of its customers, including intermediaries, would
not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial
condition or results of operations.
Research and Development
The Company conducts research and development activities principally
at three facilities - the Center for Technology ("CFT") in Pleasanton,
California; the Primary Aluminum Products Division Technology Center
("DTC") adjacent to the Mead smelter in Washington; and the Alumina
Development Laboratory ("ADL") at the Gramercy, Louisiana, refinery,
which supports Kaiser Alumina Technical Services ("KATS") and the
facilities of the alumina business unit. Net expenditures for
Company-sponsored research and development activities were $18.5
million in 1995, $16.7 million in 1994, and $18.5 million in 1993.
The Company's research staff totaled 157 at December 31, 1995. The
Company estimates that research and development net expenditures will
be approximately $22.5 million in 1996.
9
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
CFT performs research and development across a range of aluminum
process and product technologies to support the Company's business
units and new business opportunities. It also selectively offers
technical services to third parties. Significant efforts are directed
at product and process technology for the can stock, aircraft and
automotive markets, and aluminum reduction cell models which are
applied to improving cell designs and operating conditions. The
largest and most notable single project being developed at CFT is a
strip-casting micromill process for producing can sheet. The
conversion and capital costs of these micromills are expected to be
significantly lower than conventional rolling mills and to result in
improved economics compared with historical manufacturing and
transportation costs for can stock. A pilot facility has been
constructed and operated at CFT. The first micromill is being
constructed in Nevada as a demonstration production facility, and the
Company expects operational startup of the facility at the end of
1996. The Company currently intends to finance the cost of the
construction of the Nevada micromill, estimated to be approximately
$45.0 million, from general corporate funds, including possible borrowings
under the 1994 Credit Agreement (defined below), although the Company
is in discussions with third parties which might provide some or all of
such funding. DTC maintains specialized laboratories and a miniature
carbon plant where experiments with new anode and cathode technology
are performed. DTC supports the Company's primary aluminum smelters,
and concentrates on the development of cost-effective technical
innovations such as equipment and process improvements. KATS provides
improved alumina process technology to the Company's facilities and
technical support to new business ventures in cooperation with the Company's
international business development group.
The Company is actively engaged in efforts to license its technology
and sell technical and managerial assistance to other producers
worldwide. The Company's technology has been installed in alumina
refineries, aluminum smelters and rolling mills located in the United
States, Jamaica, Sweden, Germany, Russia, India, Australia, Korea, New
Zealand, Ghana, United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom. The
Company's revenue from technology sales and technical assistance to
third parties were $5.7 million in 1995, $10.0 million in 1994, and
$12.8 million in 1993.
The Company has entered into agreements with respect to the
Krasnoyarsk smelter in Russia under which the Company has licensed
certain of its technology for use in such facility and agreed to
provide purchasing services in obtaining Western-sourced technology
and equipment to be used in such facility. These agreements were
entered into in November 1990, and the services under them are
expected to be completed in 1996. In addition, in 1993 the Company
entered into agreements with respect to the Nadvoitsy smelter in
Russia and the Korba smelter of the Bharat Aluminum Co. Ltd., in
India, under which the Company has licensed certain of its technology
for use in such facilities. Services under the Nadvoitsy agreement
were completed in 1995, and the Company expects that services under
the Korba agreement will be completed in 1996.
Operations in China
In 1994, the Company commenced efforts to increase its activities in
certain countries that are expected to be important suppliers of
aluminum and large customers for aluminum and alumina. The Company
intends to use its technical skills, together with capital
investments, to form joint ventures or acquire equity in facilities in
such countries.
In 1995, Kaiser Yellow River Investment Limited ("KYRIL"), a subsidiary
of the Company, was formed to participate in the privatization,
modernization, expansion, and operation of aluminum smelting facilities
in the PRC. KYRIL has entered into a Joint Venture Agreement and related
agreements (the "Joint Venture Agreements") with the Lanzhou Aluminum
Smelters ("LAS") of the China National Nonferrous Metals Industry
Corporation relating to the formation and operation of Yellow River
Aluminum Industry Company Limited, a Sino-foreign joint equity enterprise
organized under PRC law (the "Joint Venture").
The Joint Venture Agreements include provisions for KYRIL to
contribute up to $59.7 million to the Joint Venture in exchange for up
to a 49% interest in the Joint Venture (the "Capital Contribution")
and contemplate that such capital may be used to expand the annual
production capacity of LAS from 85,000 to 115,000 tons, construct a
dry Soderberg paste plant, install and upgrade pollution control
equipment, and provide for general corporate purposes, including
working capital. KYRIL contributed $9.0 million as a contribution to
the capital of the Joint Venture in July 1995. The parties to
10
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
The Joint Venture constitutes the first large-scale privatization in
the Chinese aluminum smelting industry. The Joint Venture's assets
and operations are located primarily in the industrial city of
Lanzhou, the capital of Gansu Province in northwestern China, and in
nearby Lianhai, a special economic zone also in Gansu Province. The
smelter at Lanzhou is the fifth largest aluminum smelter in the PRC
and produces approximately 55,000 tons of primary aluminum per year.
The smelter at Lianhai produces approximately 30,000 tons of primary
aluminum per year. LAS's capital contribution to the Joint Venture
consisted primarily of the Lanzhou and Lianhai smelters.
The Joint Venture Agreements include provisions for KYRIL to contribute up
to $59.7 million to the Joint Venture in exchange for up to a 49% interest
in the Joint Venture (the "Capital Contribution") and contemplate that such
capital may be used to expand the annual production capacity of LAS from 85,000
to 115,000 tons, construct a dry Soderberg paste plant, install and upgrade
pollution control equipment, and provide for general corporate purposes,
including working capital. KYRIL contributed $9.0 million as a contribution
to the capital of the Joint Venture in July 1995. The parties to the Joint
Venture are currently engaged in discussions concerning the amount, timing and
other conditions relating to KYRIL's additional contributions to the
Joint Venture. Governmental approval in the PRC will be necessary in order
to implement any arrangements agreed to by the parties, and there can be no
assurance such approvals will be obtained.
The Company, through its extruded products business unit, has entered
into contracts to form two small joint venture companies in the PRC.
The Company will indirectly acquire equity interests of approximately
45% and 49%, respectively, in these two companies which will
manufacture aluminum extrusions, in exchange for the contribution to
those companies of certain used equipment, technology, services and
cash. The majority equity interests in the two companies will be
owned by affiliates of Guizhou Guang Da Construction Company.
Employees
During 1995, the Company employed an average of 9,546 persons,
compared with an average of 9,744 employees in 1994, and 10,220
employees in 1993. At December 31, 1995, the Company's work force was
9,624, including a domestic work force of 5,946, of whom 4,010 were
paid at an hourly rate. Most hourly paid domestic employees are
covered by collective bargaining agreements with various labor unions.
Approximately 74% of such employees are covered by a master agreement
(the "Labor Contract") with the United Steelworkers of America
("USWA") expiring September 30, 1998. The Labor Contract covers the
Company's plants in Spokane (Trentwood and Mead) and Tacoma,
Washington; Gramercy, Louisiana; and Newark, Ohio. The Labor Contract
replaced a contract that expired October 31, 1994, and was reached
after an eight-day work stoppage by the USWA at these plants in
February 1995.
The Labor Contract provides for base wages at all covered plants. In
addition, workers covered by the Labor Contract may receive quarterly
bonus payments based on various indices of profitability,
productivity, efficiency, and other aspects of specific plant
performance, as well as, in certain cases, the price of alumina or
primary aluminum. Pursuant to the Labor Contract, base wage rates
were raised effective January 2, 1995, were raised again effective
November 6, 1995, and will be raised an additional amount effective
November 3, 1997, and an amount in respect of the cost of living
adjustment under the previous master agreement will be phased into
base wages during the term of the Labor Contract. In the second
quarter of 1995, the Company acquired up to $2,000 of preference stock
held in a stock plan for the benefit of each of approximately 82% of
the employees covered by the Labor Contract and in the first half of
1998 will acquire up to an additional $4,000 of such preference stock
held in such plan for the benefit of substantially the same employees.
In addition, a profitability test was satisfied and, therefore, the
Company will acquire during 1996 up to an additional $1,000 of such
preference stock held in such plan for the benefit of substantially
the same employees. The Company made and will make comparable
acquisitions of preference stock held for the benefit of each of
certain salaried employees.
11
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 1. BUSINESS (continued)
In February 1995, Alpart's employees engaged in a six-day work
stoppage by its National Workers Union, which was settled by a new
contract.
Management considers the Company's employee relations to be
satisfactory.
Environmental Matters
The Company is subject to a wide variety of international, federal,
state and local environmental laws and regulations (the "Environmental
Laws"). From time to time the Environmental Laws are amended and new
ones are adopted. The Environmental Laws regulate, among other
things, air and water emissions and discharges; the generation,
storage, treatment, transportation, and disposal of solid and
hazardous waste; the release of hazardous or toxic substances,
pollutants and contaminants into the environment; and, in certain
instances, the environmental condition of industrial property prior to
transfer or sale. In addition, the Company is subject to various
federal, state, and local workplace health and safety laws and
regulations ("Health Laws").
From time to time, the Company is subject, with respect to its current
and former operations, to fines or penalties assessed for alleged
breaches of the Environmental and Health Laws and to claims and
litigation brought by federal, state or local agencies and by private
parties seeking remedial or other enforcement action under the
Environmental and Health Laws or damages related to alleged injuries
to health or to the environment, including claims with respect to
certain waste disposal sites and the remediation of sites presently or
formerly operated by the Company. See "Legal Proceedings." The
Company currently is subject to a number of lawsuits under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
of 1980, as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act of 1986 ("CERCLA"). The Company, along with certain other
entities, has been named as a Potentially Responsible Party ("PRP")
for remedial costs at certain third-party sites listed on the National
Priorities List under CERCLA and, in certain instances, may be exposed
to joint and several liability for those costs or damages to natural
resources. The Company's Mead, Washington, facility has been listed
on the National Priorities List under CERCLA. In addition, in
connection with certain of its asset sales, the Company has agreed to
indemnify the purchasers with respect to certain liabilities (and
associated expenses) resulting from acts or omissions arising prior to
such dispositions, including environmental liabilities. While
uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, and
it is presently impossible to determine the actual costs that
ultimately may be incurred, the Company believes that the resolution
of such uncertainties should not have a material adverse effect on its
consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
Environmental capital spending was $9.2 million in 1995, $11.9 million
in 1994, and $12.6 million in 1993. Annual operating costs for
pollution control, not including corporate overhead or depreciation,
were approximately $26.0 million in 1995, $23.1 million in 1994, and
$22.4 million in 1993. Legislative, regulatory, and economic
uncertainties make it difficult to project future spending for these
purposes. However, the Company currently anticipates that in the
1996-1997 period, environmental capital spending will be within the
range of $27.0 - $33.0 million per year, and operating costs for
pollution control will be within the range of $28.0 - $29.0 million
per year. In addition, $4.5 million in cash expenditures in 1995,
$3.6 million in 1994, and $7.2 million in 1993 were charged to
previously established reserves relating to environmental costs.
Approximately $8.4 million is expected to be charged to such reserves
in 1996.
Based on the Company's evaluation of these and other environmental
matters, the Company has established environmental accruals primarily
related to potential solid waste disposal and soil and groundwater
remediation matters. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital
Resources - Environmental Contingencies." The portion of Note 9 of
the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the heading
"Environmental Contingencies" is incorporated herein by reference.
12
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The locations and general character of the principal plants, mines,
and other materially important physical properties relating to the
Company's operations are described in "Business - The Company -
Production Operations" and those descriptions are incorporated herein
by reference. The Company owns in fee or leases all the real estate
and facilities used in connection with its business. Plants and
equipment and other facilities are generally in good condition and
suitable for their intended uses, subject to changing environmental
requirements. Although the Company's domestic aluminum smelters and
alumina facility were initially designed early in the Company's
history, they have been modified frequently over the years to
incorporate technological advances in order to improve efficiency,
increase capacity, and achieve energy savings. The Company believes
that its domestic plants are cost competitive on an international
basis. Due to the Company's variable cost structure, the plants'
operating costs are relatively lower in periods of low primary
aluminum prices and relatively higher in periods of high primary
aluminum prices.
The Company's obligations under the Credit Agreement entered into on
February 17, 1994, as amended (the "1994 Credit Agreement") are
secured by, among other things, mortgages on the Company's major
domestic plants (other than the Gramercy alumina plant). See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources - Capital
Structure."
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Aberdeen Pesticide Dumps Site Matter
The Aberdeen Pesticide Dumps Site, listed on the Superfund National
Priorities List, is composed of five separate sites around the town of
Aberdeen, North Carolina (collectively, the "Sites"). The Sites are
of concern to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the
"EPA") because of their past use as either pesticide formulation
facilities or pesticide disposal areas from approximately the
mid-1930's through the late-1980's. The United States filed a cost
recovery complaint (the "Complaint") in the United States District
Court for the Middle District of North Carolina, Rockingham Division,
No. C-89-231-R, which, as amended, includes the Company and a number
of other defendants. The Complaint, as amended, seeks reimbursement
for past and future response costs and a determination of liability of
the defendants under Section 107 of CERCLA. The EPA has performed a
Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study and issued a Record of
Decision ("ROD") for the Sites in September 1991. The estimated cost
of the major soil remediation remedy selected for the Sites is
approximately $32 million. Other possible remedies described in the
ROD would have estimated costs of approximately $53 million and $222
million, respectively. The EPA has stated that it has incurred past
costs at the Sites in the range of $7.5-$8 million as of February 9,
1993, and alleges that response costs will continue to be incurred in
the future.
On May 20, 1993, the EPA issued three unilateral Administrative Orders
under Section 106(a) of CERCLA ordering the respondents, including the
Company, to perform the soil remedial design and remedial action
described in the ROD for three of the Sites. The estimated cost as
set forth in the ROD for the remedial action at the three Sites is
approximately $27 million. A number of other companies are also named
as respondents. The Company has entered into a PRP Participation
Agreement with certain of the respondents (the "Aberdeen Site PRP
Group" or the "Group") to participate jointly in responding to the
Administrative Orders dated May 20, 1993, regarding soil remediation,
to share costs incurred on an interim basis, and to seek to reach a
final allocation of costs through agreement or to allow such final
allocation and determination of liability to be made by the United
States District Court. By letter dated July 6, 1993, the Company has
notified the EPA of its ongoing participation with such group of
respondents which, as a group, are intending to comply with the
Administrative Orders to the extent consistent with applicable law.
By letters dated December 30, 1993, the EPA notified the Company of
its potential liability for, and requested that the Company, along
with a number of other companies, undertake or agree to finance,
groundwater remediation at certain of the Sites. The ROD-selected
remedy for the groundwater remediation selected by EPA includes a
variety of techniques. The EPA has estimated the total present worth
cost, including thirty years of operation and maintenance, at
approximately $11.8 million. On June 22, 1994,
13
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (continued)
the EPA issued two unilateral Administrative Orders under Section 106(a)
of CERCLA ordering the respondents, including the Company, to undertake the
groundwater remediation at three of the Sites. A PRP Participation
Agreement with respect to groundwater remediation has been entered
into by certain of the respondents, including the Company.
By letter dated March 6, 1996, the Company gave notice of withdrawal
from the Aberdeen Site PRP Group pursuant to the provisions of the PRP
Participation Agreement. The Company advised the Group and the EPA
that even if it were liable for cleanup at the Sites, which it
expressly denies, it had already contributed far more than its
allocable potential share of response costs. The Company has advised
the Group and the EPA that it has fully complied with the Unilateral
Orders and that should additional evidence be presented which
demonstrates the Company's liability in excess of the amount
contributed to date, the Company would be willing to discuss the
matter further at that time.
United States of America v. Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation
In February 1989, a civil action was filed by the United States
Department of Justice (the "DOJ") at the request of the EPA against
the Company in the United States District Court for the Eastern
District of Washington, Case No. C-89-106-CLQ. The complaint alleged
that emissions from certain stacks at the Company's Trentwood facility
in Spokane, Washington intermittently violated the opacity standard
contained in the Washington State Implementation Plan ("SIP"),
approved by the EPA under the federal Clean Air Act. The complaint
sought injunctive relief, including an order that the Company take all
necessary action to achieve compliance with the SIP opacity limit and
the assessment of civil penalties of not more than $25,000 per day.
The Company and the EPA, without adjudication of any issue of fact or
law, and without any admission of the violations alleged in the
underlying complaint, have entered into a Consent Decree, which was
approved by a Consent Order entered by the United States District
Court for the Eastern District of Washington in January 1996. As
approved, the Consent Decree settles the underlying disputes and
requires the Company to (i) pay a $.5 million civil penalty (which
penalty has been paid), (ii) complete a program of plant improvements
and operational changes that began in 1990 at its Trentwood facility,
including the installation of an emission control system to capture
particulate emissions from certain furnaces, and (iii) achieve and
maintain furnace compliance with the opacity standard in the SIP by no
later than February 28, 1997. The Company anticipates that capital
expenditures for the environmental upgrade of the furnace operation at
its Trentwood facility, including the improvements and changes
required by the Consent Decree, will be approximately $20.0 million.
Catellus Development Corporation v. Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical
Corporation and James L. Ferry & Son Inc.
In January 1991, the City of Richmond, et al. (the "Plaintiffs") filed
a Second Amended Complaint for Damages and Declaratory Relief against
the United States, Catellus Development Corporation ("Catellus") and
other defendants (collectively, the "Defendants") alleging, among
other things, that the Defendants caused or allowed hazardous
substances, pollutants, contaminants, debris and other solid wastes to
be discharged, deposited, disposed of or released on certain property
located in Richmond, California (the "Property") formerly owned by
Catellus and leased to the Company for the purpose of shipbuilding
activities conducted by the Company on behalf of the United States
during World War II. The Plaintiffs sought recovery of response costs
and natural resource damages under CERCLA. Certain of the Plaintiffs
alleged they had incurred or expected to incur costs and damages of
approximately $49 million. Catellus subsequently filed a third party
complaint (the "Third Party Complaint") against the Company in the
United States District Court for the Northern District of California,
Case No. C-89-2935 DLJ. Thereafter, the Plaintiffs filed a separate
complaint against the Company, Case No. C-92-4176. The Plaintiffs
settled their CERCLA and tort claims against the United States for
$3.5 million plus thirty-five percent (35%) of future response costs.
14
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (continued)
The trial involving this case commenced in March 1995. During the
trial, Plaintiffs settled their claims against Catellus in exchange
for payment of approximately $3.25 million. Subsequently, on June 2,
1995, the United States District Court for the Northern District of
California issued an order on the remaining claims in that action. On
December 7, 1995, the District Court issued the Final Judgment on
those claims concluding that the Company is liable for various costs
and interest, aggregating approximately $2.2 million, fifty percent
(50%) of future costs of cleaning up certain parts of the Property and
certain fees and costs associated specifically with the claim by
Catellus against the Company. In January 1996, Catellus filed a
notice of appeal with respect to its indemnity judgment against the
Company. The Company has since filed a notice of cross appeal as to
the Court's decision adjudicating that the Company is obligated to
indemnify Catellus. In February 1996, the Plaintiffs filed motions,
which the Company intends to contest, seeking reimbursement of fees
and costs from the Company in the aggregate amount of $2.76 million.
Based on the Company's estimate of future costs of cleanup, resolution
of the Catellus matter is not expected to have a material adverse
effect on the Company's consolidated financial condition, results of
operations, or liquidity.
Waste Inc. Superfund Site
On December 8, 1995, the EPA issued a unilateral Administrative Order
for Remedial Design and Remedial Action under CERCLA to the Company
and thirty-one other respondents for remedial design and action at the
Waste Inc. Superfund Site at Michigan City, Indiana. This site was
operated as a landfill from 1965 to 1982. The Company is alleged to
have arranged for the disposal of waste from its formerly-owned plant
at Wanatah, Indiana, during the period from 1964 to 1972. In its
Record of Decision, the EPA estimated the cost of the work to be
performed to have a present value of $15.7 million. The Company's
share of the total waste sent to the site is unknown. A consultant
retained by a group of PRPs estimated that the Company contributed
2.0% of the waste sent to the site by the forty-one largest
contributors. The Company's ultimate exposure will depend on the
number of PRPs that participate and the volume of waste properly
allocable to the Company. Based on the EPA's cost estimate, the
Company believes that its financial exposure for remedial design and
remedial action at this site is less than $500,000. A PRP
participation agreement is under negotiation.
Hammons v. Alcan Aluminum Corp. et al
On March 5, 1996, a class action complaint was filed in California
against Kaiser, Alcan Aluminum Corp., Aluminum Company of America,
Alumax, Inc, Reynolds Metal Company, the Aluminum Association and
others in the Superior Court of California for the County of Los
Angeles, Case No. BC145612. The complaint claims that the defendants
conspired, in violation of state antitrust laws, to raise, stabilize
and maintain the price of primary aluminum and aluminum products
through cuts in production allegedly in connection with the
ratification of a Memorandum of Understanding in 1994 by
representatives of the authorities of Australia, Canada, the European
Union, Norway, the Russian Federation and the United States. The
complaint seeks certification of a class consisting of persons who at
any time between January 1, 1994, and the date of the complaint
purchased aluminum or aluminum products manufactured by one or more of
the defendants and estimates damages sustained by the class to be $4.4
billion, before trebling.
Matheson et al v. Kaiser Aluminum Corporation et al
On September 11, 1995, Kaiser announced that it had appointed an
independent committee of its Board of Directors to consider a possible
recapitalization transaction. On February 5, 1996, Kaiser publicly
announced that it had filed a preliminary proxy statement with the
Securities and Exchange Commission relating to a proposed recapitalization.
A special shareholders' meeting to consider the recapitalization was
subsequently scheduled for April 10, 1996, and the definitive proxy
statement was mailed to shareholders commencing on March 20, 1996.
See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of Kaiser,
under the heading Proposed Recapitalization, at pages 50-51 of Kaiser's
1995
15
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS (continued)
Annual Report to Shareholders, for a description of the proposed
recapitalization. On March 19, 1996, a lawsuit was filed against MAXXAM,
Kaiser and Kaiser's directors challenging and seeking to enjoin the
recapitalization and the April 10, 1996, special shareholders' meeting.
The suit, which is entitled Matheson et al v. Kaiser Aluminum Corporation
et al (No. 14900) and was filed in the Delaware Court of Chancery,
purports to be a class action by persons who as of March 18, 1996 (the
record date for the April 10, 1996, meeting) owned Kaiser's outstanding
common stock and 8.255% PRIDES, Convertible Preferred Stock ("PRIDES").
Plaintiffs allege, among other things, breaches of fiduciary duties by
certain defendants and that the proposed recapitalization violates Delaware
law and the certificate of designation for the PRIDES. Plaintiffs seek
injunctive relief, rescission, rescissory damages and other relief.
A hearing on the motion for injunctive relief is presently scheduled for
April 8, 1996.
Asbestos-related Litigation
The Company is a defendant in a number of lawsuits, some of which
involve claims of multiple persons, in which the plaintiffs allege
that certain of their injuries were caused by, among other things,
exposure to asbestos during, and as a result of, their employment or
association with the Company or exposure to products containing
asbestos produced or sold by the Company. The lawsuits generally
relate to products the Company has not manufactured for at least 15
years. At December 31, 1995, the number of such claims pending was
approximately 59,700, as compared with 25,200 at December 31, 1994.
In 1995, approximately 41,700 of such claims were received and
7,200 settled or dismissed. The Company has been advised by its
regional counsel that, although there can be no assurance, the recent
increase in pending claims may be attributable in part to tort reform
legislation in Texas which was passed by the legislature in March 1995
and which became effective on September 1, 1995. The legislation,
among other things, is designed to restrict, beginning September 1,
1995, the filing of cases in Texas that do not have a sufficient nexus
to that jurisdiction, and to impose, generally as of September 1,
1996, limitations relating to joint and several liability in tort
cases. A substantial portion of the asbestos-related claims that were
filed and served on the Company between June 30, 1995, and November
30, 1995, were filed in Texas prior to September 1, 1995. For
additional information, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital
Resources - Asbestos Contingencies." The portion of Note 9 of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the heading "Asbestos
Contingencies" is incorporated herein by reference.
Other Proceedings
On August 24, 1994, the DOJ issued Civil Investigative Demand No.
11356 ("CID No. 11356") requesting information from Kaiser regarding
(i) its production, capacity to produce, and sales of primary aluminum
from January 1, 1991, to the date of the response; (ii) any actual or
contemplated reduction in its production of primary aluminum during
that period; and (iii) any communications with others regarding any
actual, contemplated, possible or desired reductions in primary
aluminum production by Kaiser or any of its competitors during that
period. Management believes that Kaiser's actions have at all times
been appropriate, and Kaiser has submitted documents and interrogatory
answers to the DOJ responding to CID No. 11356.
On March 27, 1995, the DOJ issued Civil Investigative Demand No. 12503
("CID No. 12503"), as part of an industry-wide investigation,
requesting information from the Company regarding (i) any actual or
contemplated changes in its method of pricing can stock from January
1, 1994, through March 31, 1995, (ii) the percentage of aluminum scrap
and primary aluminum ingot used by the Company to produce can stock
and the manner in which the Company's cost of acquiring aluminum scrap
is factored into its can stock prices, and (iii) any communications
with others regarding any actual or contemplated changes in its method
of pricing can stock from January 1, 1994, through March 31, 1995.
The Company believes that its actions have at all times been
appropriate, and the Company has submitted documents and interrogatory
answers to the DOJ responding to CID No. 12503.
16
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
Various other lawsuits and claims are pending against the Company.
While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of such matters
and it is presently impossible to determine the actual costs that
ultimately may be incurred, management believes that the resolution of
such uncertainties and the incurrence of such costs should not have a
material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial
position, results of operations, or liquidity.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of security holders of the Company
during the fourth quarter of 1995.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS
There is no established public trading market for the Company's common
stock, which is held solely by Kaiser. The information in Note 8 of the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the heading "Dividends on
Common Stock" at page 46 of this Report, are incorporated herein by
reference. The Company has not paid any dividends on its common stock
during the two most recent fiscal years.
The Indentures and the 1994 Credit Agreement (Exhibits 4.1 through
4.11 to this Report) contains restrictions on the ability of the
Company to pay dividends on or make distributions on account of the
Company's common stock and restrictions on the ability of the
Company's subsidiaries to transfer funds to the Company in the form of
cash dividends, loans or advances. Exhibits 4.1 through 4.11 to this
Report, Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements at
pages 35-37 of this Report, and the information under the heading
"Liquidity and Capital Resources - Capital Structure" at pages 20-21
of this Report, are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Selected financial data for the Company is incorporated herein by
reference to the table at page 3 of this Report, to the table at page
18 of this Report, to the discussion under the heading "Results of
Operations" at page 19 of this Report, to Note 1 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements at pages 31-33 of this Report, and
to pages 54-55 of this Report.
17
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The Company operates in two business segments: bauxite and alumina,
and aluminum processing. Intracompany shipments and sales are excluded
from the information set forth below. The following should be read in
conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements and
the notes thereto, contained elsewhere herein.
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------
(In millions of dollars, except shipments and prices) 1995 1994 1993
-------- -------- --------
Shipments: (000 tons)(1)
Alumina 2,040.1 2,086.7 1,997.5
Aluminum products:
Primary aluminum 271.7 224.0 242.5
Fabricated aluminum products 368.2 399.0 373.2
-------- -------- --------
Total aluminum products 639.9 623.0 615.7
======== ======== ========
Average realized sales price:
Alumina (per ton) $ 208 $ 169 $ 169
Primary aluminum (per pound) .81 .59 .56
Net sales:
Bauxite and alumina:
Alumina $ 424.8 $ 352.8 $ 338.2
Other(2)(3) 89.4 79.7 85.2
-------- -------- --------
Total bauxite and alumina 514.2 432.5 423.4
-------- -------- --------
Aluminum processing:
Primary aluminum 488.0 292.0 301.7
Fabricated aluminum products 1,218.6 1,043.0 981.4
Other(3) 17.0 14.0 12.6
-------- -------- --------
Total aluminum processing 1,723.6 1,349.0 1,295.7
-------- -------- --------
Total net sales $2,237.8 $1,781.5 $1,719.1
======== ======== ========
Operating income (loss):
Bauxite and alumina $ 54.0 $ 19.8 $ (4.5)
Aluminum processing 238.9 (8.4) (46.3)
Corporate (81.8) (67.3) (72.3)
-------- -------- --------
Total operating income (loss) $ 211.1 $ (55.9) $ (123.1)
======== ======== ========
Income (loss) before extraordinary loss and cumulative effect of changes
in accounting principles $ 65.3 $ (96.2) $ (117.6)
Extraordinary loss on early extinguishment of debt, net of tax benefit of $2.9 and
$11.2 for 1994 and 1993, respectively (5.4) (21.8)
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax benefit of $237.7 (507.9)
-------- -------- --------
Net income (loss) $ 65.3 $ (101.6) $ (647.3)
======== ======== ========
Capital expenditures $ 79.4 $ 70.0 $ 67.7
======== ======== ========
(1) All references to tons refer to metric tons of 2,204.6 pounds.
(2) Includes net sales of bauxite.
(3) Includes the portion of net sales attributable to minority
interests in consolidated subsidiaries.
18
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
Results of Operations
- ---------------------
The Company's operating results are sensitive to changes in prices of
alumina, primary aluminum, and fabricated aluminum products, and also
depend to a significant degree on the volume and mix of all products
sold and on its hedging strategies. See Note 10 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements for an explanation of the Company's
hedging strategies. The previous table provides selected operational
and financial information on a consolidated basis with respect to the
Company for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993. As an
integrated aluminum producer, the Company uses a portion of its
bauxite, alumina, and primary aluminum production for additional
processing at certain of its facilities.
Net Sales
Bauxite and Alumina - Revenue from net sales to third parties for the
bauxite and alumina segment was 19% higher in 1995 than in 1994 and 2%
higher in 1994 than in 1993. Revenue from alumina increased 20% in
1995 from 1994, due to higher average realized prices partially offset
by lower shipments. The remainder of the segment's sales revenues were
from sales of bauxite and the portion of sales of alumina attributable
to the minority interest in the Company's 65%-owned Alumina Partners
of Jamaica ("Alpart") alumina refinery in Jamaica.
Aluminum Processing - Revenue from net sales to third parties for the
aluminum processing segment was 28% higher in 1995 than in 1994 and 4%
higher in 1994 than in 1993. The bulk of the segment's sales
represents Kaiser's primary aluminum and fabricated aluminum products,
with the remainder representing the portion of sales of primary
aluminum attributable to the minority interest in the Company's 90%-
owned Volta Aluminium Company Limited ("Valco") aluminum smelter in
Ghana. Revenue from primary aluminum increased 67% in 1995 from 1994,
due primarily to higher average realized prices and higher shipments.
In 1995, the Company's average realized price from sales of primary
aluminum was approximately $.81 per pound, compared to the average
Midwest United States transaction price of approximately $.86 per
pound during the year. The higher shipments of primary aluminum were
due to increased production at the Company's smelters in the Pacific
Northwest and Valco, and reduced intracompany consumption of primary
metal at the Company's fabricated products units. The increase in
revenue for 1995 was partially offset by decreased shipments caused by
the strike by the United Steelworkers of America ("USWA") discussed
below. Revenue from primary aluminum decreased 3% in 1994 from 1993 as
higher average realized prices were more than offset by lower
shipments. Average realized prices in 1994 reflected the defensive
hedging of primary aluminum prices in respect of 1994 shipments, which
was initiated prior to then-recent improvements in metal prices.
Shipments in 1994 reflected production curtailments at the Company's
smelters in the Pacific Northwest and Valco. Shipments of primary
aluminum to third parties were approximately 42% of total aluminum
products shipments in 1995, compared with approximately 36% in 1994
and 39% in 1993. Revenue from fabricated aluminum products increased
17% in 1995 from 1994, due to higher average realized prices partially
offset by lower shipments for most of these products. Revenue from
fabricated aluminum products increased 6% in 1994 from 1993,
principally due to increased shipments of most of these products.
Operating Income (Loss)
Improved operating results in 1995 were partially offset by expenses
related to the Company's smelting joint venture in China, accelerated
expenses on the Company's micromill technology, maintenance expenses
as a result of an electrical lightning strike at the Company's
Trentwood, Washington, facility, and a work slowdown at the Company's
49%-owned Kaiser Jamaica Bauxite Company prior to the signing of a new
labor contract. The combined impact of these expenditures on the
results for 1995 was approximately $6.0 million in the aggregate (on a
pre-tax basis). Operating results in 1995 were further impacted by (i)
an eight-day strike at five major domestic locations by the USWA, (ii)
a six-day strike by the National Workers Union at Alpart, and (iii) a
four-day disruption of alumina production at Alpart
19
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
caused by a boiler failure. The combined impact of these events on the
results for 1995 was approximately $17.0 million in the aggregate (on
a pre-tax basis) principally from lower production volume and other
related costs. In 1993, the Company recorded a pre-tax charge of $35.8
million related to restructuring charges and a pre-tax charge of $19.4
million because of a reduction in the carrying value of its
inventories caused principally by prevailing lower prices for alumina,
primary aluminum, and fabricated aluminum products.
Bauxite and Alumina - This segment's operating income was $54.0
million in 1995, compared with $19.8 million in 1994 and a loss of
$4.5 million in 1993. The increase in operating income in 1995
compared with 1994 was principally due to higher revenue, partially
offset by the effect of the strike and boiler failure. In 1994,
compared with 1993, operating income was favorably affected by
increased shipments and lower manufacturing costs.
Aluminum Processing - This segment's operating income was $238.9
million in 1995, compared with losses of $8.4 million in 1994 and
$46.3 million in 1993. Improvement in operating results in 1995
compared with 1994 was principally due to higher revenue, partially
offset by the effect of the strike by the USWA. The decrease in
operating loss in 1994 compared with 1993 was caused principally by
the $35.8 million restructuring charges, increased shipments of
fabricated aluminum products, and higher average realized prices of
primary aluminum, partially offset by lower shipments of primary
aluminum.
Corporate - Corporate operating expenses of $81.8 million, $67.3
million, and $72.3 million in 1995, 1994, and 1993, respectively,
represented corporate general and administrative expenses that were
not allocated to segments.
Net Income (Loss)
The Company reported net income of $65.3 million in 1995, compared
with a net loss of $101.6 million in 1994 and a net loss of $647.3
million in 1993. The principal reason for the improvement in 1995
compared to 1994 was the improvement in operating results previously
described, partially offset by other charges, principally related to
the establishment of additional litigation reserves. The principal
reasons for the reduced net loss in 1994 compared with 1993 were the
reduction in the operating loss previously described and the
cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles of $507.9
million related to adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 106, 109, and 112 as of January 1, 1993. See Note 1 of
the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
- -------------------------------
Capital Structure
On February 17, 1994, the Company and Kaiser entered into a credit
agreement with BankAmerica Business Credit, Inc. and certain other
lenders (as amended, the "1994 Credit Agreement"). The 1994 Credit
Agreement consists of a $325.0 million five-year secured, revolving
line of credit, scheduled to mature in 1999. The Company is able to
borrow under the facility by means of revolving credit advances and
letters of credit (up to $125.0 million) in an aggregate amount equal
to the lesser of $325.0 million or a borrowing base relating to
eligible accounts receivable plus eligible inventory. As of February
29, 1996, $174.9 million (of which $72.4 million could have been used
for letters of credit) was available to the Company under the 1994
Credit Agreement. The 1994 Credit Agreement is unconditionally
guaranteed by Kaiser and by certain significant subsidiaries of the
Company. The 1994 Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain
certain financial covenants and places restrictions on the Company's
and Kaiser's ability to, among other things, incur debt and liens,
make investments, pay dividends, undertake transactions with
affiliates, make capital expenditures, and enter into unrelated lines
of business. The 1994 Credit Agreement is secured by, among other
things, (i) mortgages on the Company's major domestic plants
(excluding the Company's Gramercy alumina plant); (ii) subject to
certain exceptions, liens on the accounts receivable, inventory,
equipment, domestic patents and
20
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
trademarks, and substantially all other personal property of the
Company and certain of its subsidiaries; (iii) a pledge of all the
stock of the Company owned by Kaiser; and (iv) pledges of all of the
stock of a number of the Company's wholly owned domestic subsidiaries,
pledges of a portion of the stock of certain foreign subsidiaries, and
pledges of a portion of the stock of certain partially owned foreign
affiliates.
In 1993, Kaiser issued 19,382,950 of its $.65 Depositary Shares (the
"Depositary Shares"), each representing one-tenth of a share of Series
A Mandatory Conversion Premium Dividend Preferred Stock (the "Series A
Shares"). On September 19, 1995, Kaiser redeemed all 1,938,295 Series
A Shares, which resulted in the simultaneous redemption of all
Depositary Shares, in exchange for (i) 13,126,521 shares of Kaiser's
common stock and (ii) $2.8 million in cash comprised of (a) an amount
equal to all accrued and unpaid dividends up to and including the day
immediately prior to redemption date, and (b) cash in lieu of any
fractional shares of common stock that would have otherwise been
issuable.
In the first quarter of 1994, Kaiser consummated the public offering
of 8,855,550 shares of its 8.255% PRIDES, Convertible Preferred Stock
(the "PRIDES"). The net proceeds from the sale of the shares of PRIDES
were approximately $100.1 million. On February 17, 1994, the Company
issued $225.0 million of its 9-7/8% Senior Notes due 2002 (the "Senior
Notes").
The obligations of the Company with respect to the Senior Notes and
the 12-3/4% Notes (see Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements) are guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain
subsidiaries of the Company. The indentures governing the Senior Notes
and the 12-3/4% Notes restrict, among other things, the Company's
ability to incur debt, undertake transactions with affiliates, and pay
dividends.
Management believes that the Company's existing cash resources,
together with cash flows from operations and borrowings under the 1994
Credit Agreement, will be sufficient to satisfy its working capital
and capital expenditure requirements for the next year. With respect
to long-term liquidity, management believes that operating cash flows,
together with the ability to obtain both short and long-term
financing, should provide sufficient funds to meet the Company's
working capital and capital expenditure requirements.
See Note 4 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operations was $119.5 million in 1995, compared with
cash used for operations of $21.3 million in 1994 and cash provided by
operations of $38.0 million in 1993. The improvement in cash flows
from operations in 1995 compared with 1994 was primarily due to higher
earnings and a refund of margin deposits of $50.5 million under
certain hedging contracts.
At December 31, 1995, the Company had working capital of $324.5
million, compared with working capital of $239.5 million at December
31, 1994. The increase in working capital was due primarily to an
increase in Receivables and Inventories and a decrease in Other
accrued liabilities, partially offset by a decrease in Prepaid
expenses and other current assets (principally due to a refund of
margin deposits related to hedging activities) and an increase in
Accounts payable and Accrued salaries, wages, and related expense.
Postretirement benefits other than pensions are provided through
contracts with various insurance carriers. The Company has not funded
the liability for these benefits, which are expected to be paid out of
cash generated by operations.
21
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
Investing Activities
The Company's capital expenditures of $217.1 million (of which $25.2
million was funded by the Company's minority partners in certain
foreign joint ventures) during the three years ended December 31,
1995, were made primarily to improve production efficiency, reduce
operating costs, expand capacity at existing facilities, and construct
new facilities. Total consolidated capital expenditures were $79.4
million in 1995, compared with $70.0 million in 1994 and $67.7 million
in 1993 (of which $8.3, $7.5, and $9.4 million were funded by the
minority partners in certain foreign joint ventures in 1995, 1994, and
1993, respectively). Total consolidated capital expenditures (of which
approximately 10% is expected to be funded by the minority partners in
certain foreign joint ventures) are expected to be between $123.0 and
$143.0 million per year in the years 1996-1998, subject to necessary
approvals, if required, from the lenders under the 1994 Credit
Agreement.
The Company has developed a unique micromill for the production of can
sheet from molten metal based on a proprietary thin-strip, high-speed,
continuous-belt casting technique linked directly to hot rolling and
cold rolling mills. The first micromill will be constructed in Nevada
in 1996 as a demonstration production facility. The Company currently
intends to finance the cost of the construction of the Nevada
micromill, estimated to be $45.0 million, from general corporate
funds, including possible borrowings under the 1994 Credit Agreement,
although the Company is in discussions with third parties which might
provide some or all of such funding.
In 1995, Kaiser Yellow River Investment Limited ("KYRIL") was formed
to participate in the privatization, modernization, and operation of
aluminum smelting facilities in the People's Republic of China (the
"PRC"). KYRIL has entered into a Joint Venture Agreement and related
agreements with the Lanzhou Aluminum Smelters of the China National
Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation relating to the formation and
operation of Yellow River Aluminum Industry Company Limited, a Sino-
foreign joint equity enterprise organized under the laws of the PRC
(the "Joint Venture"). KYRIL contributed $9.0 million as a
contribution to the capital of the Joint Venture in July 1995. The
parties to the Joint Venture are currently engaged in discussion
concerning the amount, timing, and other conditions relating to
KYRIL's additional contributions to the Joint Venture. Governmental
approval in the PRC will be necessary in order to implement certain
arrangements agreed to by the parties, and there can be no assurance
such approvals will be obtained.
Financing Activities
The declaration and payment of dividends by the Company and Kaiser on
shares of their common stock are subject to certain covenants
contained in the 1994 Credit Agreement and, in the case of the
Company, the Senior Note Indenture and the 12-3/4% Note Indenture. The
1994 Credit Agreement does not permit the Company or Kaiser to pay any
dividends on their common stock. The declaration and payment of
dividends by Kaiser on the PRIDES is expressly permitted by the terms
of the 1994 Credit Agreement to the extent Kaiser receives payments on
certain intercompany notes or certain other permitted distributions
from the Company.
Environmental Contingencies
The Company and Kaiser are subject to a number of environmental laws,
to fines or penalties assessed for alleged breaches of the
environmental laws, and to claims and litigation based upon such laws.
The Company currently is subject to a number of lawsuits under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act
of 1980, as amended by the Superfund Amendments Reauthorization Act of
1986 ("CERCLA"), and, along with certain other entities, has been
named as a potentially responsible party for remedial costs at certain
third-party sites listed on the National Priorities List under CERCLA.
22
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
Based on the Company's evaluation of these and other environmental
matters, the Company has established environmental accruals, primarily
related to potential solid waste disposal and soil and groundwater
remediation matters. At December 31, 1995, the balance of such
accruals, which are primarily included in Long-term liabilities, was
$38.9 million. These environmental accruals represent the Company's
estimate of costs reasonably expected to be incurred based on
presently enacted laws and regulations, currently available facts,
existing technology, and the Company's assessment of the likely
remediation action to be taken. The Company expects that these
remediation actions will be taken over the next several years and
estimates that annual expenditures to be charged to these
environmental accruals will be approximately $3.0 to $9.0 million for
the years 1996 through 2000 and an aggregate of approximately $10.0
million thereafter.
As additional facts are developed and definitive remediation plans and
necessary regulatory approvals for implementation of remediation are
established or alternative technologies are developed, changes in
these and other factors may result in actual costs exceeding the
current environmental accruals. The Company believes that it is
reasonably possible that costs associated with these environmental
matters may exceed current accruals by amounts that could range, in
the aggregate, up to an estimated $23.0 million and that the factors
upon which a substantial portion of this estimate is based are
expected to be resolved over the next twelve months. While
uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these environmental
matters, and it is presently impossible to determine the actual costs
that ultimately may be incurred, management currently believes that
the resolution of such uncertainties should not have a material
adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position,
results of operations, or liquidity. See Note 9 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of these
contingencies.
Asbestos Contingencies
The Company is a defendant in a number of lawsuits, some of which
involve claims of multiple persons, in which the plaintiffs allege
that certain of their injuries were caused by, among other things,
exposure to asbestos during, and as a result of, their employment or
association with the Company or exposure to products containing
asbestos produced or sold by the Company. The lawsuits generally
relate to products the Company has not manufactured for at least 15
years. At December 31, 1995, the number of such claims pending was
approximately 59,700, as compared with 25,200 at December 31, 1994. In
1995, approximately 41,700 of such claims were received and 7,200
settled or dismissed. The Company has been advised by its regional
counsel that, although there can be no assurance, the recent increase
in pending claims may be attributable in part to tort reform
legislation in Texas which was passed by the legislature in March 1995
and which became effective on September 1, 1995. The legislation,
among other things, is designed to restrict, beginning September 1,
1995, the filing of cases in Texas that do not have a sufficient nexus
to that jurisdiction, and to impose, generally as of September 1,
1996, limitations relating to joint and several liability in tort
cases. A substantial portion of the asbestos-related claims that were
filed and served on the Company between June 30, 1995, and November
30, 1995, were filed in Texas prior to September 1, 1995.
Based on past experience and reasonably anticipated future activity,
the Company has established an accrual for estimated asbestos-related
costs for claims filed and estimated to be filed and settled through
2008. There are inherent uncertainties involved in estimating
asbestos-related costs, and the Company's actual costs could exceed
these estimates. The Company's accrual was calculated based on the
current and anticipated number of asbestos-related claims, the prior
timing and amounts of asbestos-related payments, and the advice of
Wharton, Levin, Ehrmantraut, Klein & Nash, P.A. with respect to the
current state of the law related to asbestos claims. Accordingly, an
asbestos-related cost accrual of $160.1 million, before consideration
of insurance recoveries, is included primarily in Long-term
liabilities at December 31, 1995. The Company estimates that annual
future cash payments in connection with such litigation will be
approximately $13.0 to $20.0 million for each of the years 1996
through 2000, and an aggregate of approximately $78.0 million
thereafter through 2008. While the Company does not presently believe
there is a reasonable basis for
23
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
estimating such costs beyond 2008 and, accordingly, no accrual has
been recorded for such costs which may be incurred beyond 2008, there
is a reasonable possibility that such costs may continue beyond 2008,
and such costs may be substantial.
The Company believes that it has insurance coverage available to
recover a substantial portion of its asbestos-related costs. Claims
for recovery from some of the Company's insurance carriers are
currently subject to pending litigation and other carriers have raised
certain defenses, which have resulted in delays in recovering costs
from the insurance carriers. The timing and amount of ultimate
recoveries from these insurance carriers are dependent upon the
resolution of these disputes. The Company believes, based on prior
insurance-related recoveries in respect of asbestos-related claims,
existing insurance policies, and the advice of Thelen, Marrin, Johnson
& Bridges with respect to applicable insurance coverage law relating
to the terms and conditions of those policies, that substantial
recoveries from the insurance carriers are probable. Accordingly, an
estimated aggregate insurance recovery of $137.9 million, determined
on the same basis as the asbestos-related cost accrual, is recorded
primarily in Other assets at December 31, 1995.
While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these
asbestos matters and it is presently impossible to determine the
actual costs that ultimately may be incurred and insurance recoveries
that will be received, management currently believes that, based on
the factors discussed in the preceding paragraphs, the resolution of
asbestos-related uncertainties and the incurrence of asbestos-related
costs net of related insurance recoveries should not have a material
adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position,
results of operations, or liquidity. See Note 9 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements for further description of this
contingency.
Trends
- ------
Sensitivity to Prices and Hedging Programs
The Company enters into primary aluminum hedging transactions in the
normal course of business. The prices realized by the Company under
certain sales contracts for alumina, primary aluminum, and fabricated
aluminum products, as well as the costs incurred by the Company for
certain items, such as aluminum scrap, rolling ingot, power, and
bauxite, fluctuate with the market price of primary aluminum, together
resulting in a "net exposure" of earnings. The primary aluminum
hedging transactions are designed to mitigate the net exposure of
earnings to declines in the market price of primary aluminum, while
retaining the ability to participate in favorable pricing environments
that may materialize. The Company has employed strategies which
include forward sales of primary aluminum at fixed prices and the
purchase or sale of options for primary aluminum. In respect of its
1996 anticipated net exposure, at December 31, 1995, the Company had
purchased approximately 53,300 tons of primary aluminum at fixed
prices as a partial hedge against approximately 161,100 tons of
fabricated aluminum products sold to customers at fixed or capped
prices and had sold forward 15,750 tons of primary aluminum at fixed
prices.
In addition, as of December 31, 1995, the Company had sold
approximately 75% and 45% of the alumina available to it in excess of
its projected internal smelting requirements for 1996 and 1997,
respectively. Approximately 56% of such alumina sold for 1996 and all
of such alumina sold for 1997 has been sold at prices linked to the
future prices of primary aluminum as a percentage of the price of
primary aluminum ("Variable Price Contracts"), and approximately 44%
of such alumina sold for 1996 has been sold at fixed prices ("Fixed
Price Contracts"). The average realized prices of alumina sold under
Variable Price Contracts will depend on future prices of primary
aluminum, and the average realized prices of alumina sold under Fixed
Price Contracts will substantially exceed the Company's manufacturing
cost of alumina.
24
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
The Company also enters into hedging transactions in the normal course
of business that are designed to reduce its exposure to fluctuations
in foreign exchange rates. At December 31, 1995, the Company had net
forward foreign exchange contracts totaling approximately $102.8
million for the purchase of 142.4 million Australian dollars through
April 30, 1997.
The Company has established margin accounts with its counterparties
related to forward aluminum sales and option contracts. The Company is
entitled to receive advances from counterparties related to unrealized
gains and, in turn, is required to make margin deposits with
counterparties to cover unrealized losses related to these contracts.
At December 31, 1995, the Company had nil, compared with $50.5 million
at December 31, 1994, on deposit with counterparties in respect of
such contracts. These amounts are recorded in Prepaid expenses and
other current assets.
Since December 31, 1995, the Company has entered into:
. Additional hedge positions in respect of its anticipated 1996,
1997, and 1998 production. As of February 29, 1996, the
Company had sold forward an additional 19,500 metric tons of
primary aluminum at fixed prices, had purchased 20,150 metric
tons of primary aluminum under forward purchase contracts at
fixed prices, and had purchased put options to establish a
minimum price for 45,000 metric tons of primary aluminum.
. Additional forward foreign exchange contracts totaling
approximately $12.8 million for the purchase of 18.0 million
Australian dollars from March 1996 through December 1997 in
respect of its commitments for 1996 and 1997 expenditures
denominated in Australian dollars.
At February 29, 1996, the net unrealized gain on the Company's
position in aluminum forward sales and option contracts, based on an
average price of $1,747 per metric ton ($.79 per pound) of primary
aluminum, and forward foreign exchange contracts was $13.3 million.
Income Tax Matters
- ------------------
The Company's net deferred income tax assets as of December 31, 1995,
were $291.5 million, net of valuation allowances of $128.5 million.
Approximately $97.4 million of these net deferred income tax assets
relate to the benefit of loss and credit carryforwards, net of
valuation allowances. The Company believes a long-term view of
profitability is appropriate and has concluded that this net deferred
income tax asset will more likely than not be realized despite the
operating losses incurred in recent years. See Note 5 of the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of these and other
income tax matters.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
- --------------------------------
In March 1995, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB")
issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 121,
"Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived
Assets to be Disposed Of" ("SFAS 121"). SFAS 121 requires that long-
lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles to be held and used
by an entity be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. SFAS 121 requires that long-lived assets and certain
identifiable intangibles to be disposed of be reported at the lower of
carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. The Company is
required to adopt SFAS 121 no later than January 1, 1996. The Company
does not expect that the adoption of SFAS 121 will have a material
impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
25
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)
In October 1995, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" ("SFAS
123"). SFAS 123 establishes financial accounting and reporting
standards for stock-based employee compensation plans, and provides
for alternative methods for an employer to recognize stock-based
compensation costs. Under the first method, an employer may continue
to account for compensation costs for stock, stock options, and other
equity instruments issued to employees, as it has historically, using
the "intrinsic value based method" (as described in SFAS 123), and
such compensation costs would be the excess, if any, of the quoted
market price of the stock subject to an option at the grant date or
other measurement date over the amount an employee must pay to acquire
the stock. The intrinsic value based method generally would not result
in the recognition of compensation costs upon the grant of stock
options. Under the second method, an employer may adopt the "fair
value based method" (as described in SFAS 123). Under the fair value
based method, such compensation costs would be valued using an option-
pricing model, and such amount would be charged to expense over the
option's vesting period. Employers which elect to continue to account
for stock-based compensation under the intrinsic value based method
will be required by SFAS 123 to disclose in the notes to their
financial statements the amount of net income and the earnings per
share which would have been reported had the employer elected to use
the fair value based method. The Company has elected to continue to
account for stock-based compensation under the intrinsic value based
method, and will comply with the disclosure requirement of SFAS 123 as
of January 1, 1996.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Page
----
Report of Independent Public Accountants . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Consolidated Balance Sheets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Statements of Consolidated Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Five-Year Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Financial statement schedules are inapplicable or the required
information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or
the Notes thereto.
26
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS
- ----------------------------------------
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Kaiser Aluminum &
Chemical Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Kaiser
Aluminum & Chemical Corporation (a Delaware corporation) and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1995 and 1994, and the related
statements of consolidated income and cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 1995. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements
based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well
as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Kaiser
Aluminum & Chemical Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31,
1995 and 1994, and the results of their operations and their cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
1995, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
Arthur Andersen LLP
San Francisco, California
February 16, 1996
27
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
-------------------
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts) 1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 21.7 $ 12.0
Receivables:
Trade, less allowance for doubtful receivables of $5.0 in 1995 and $4.2 in 1994 222.9 150.7
Other 87.3 49.8
Inventories 525.7 468.0
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 76.6 158.0
-------- --------
Total current assets 934.2 838.5
Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates 178.2 169.7
Property, plant, and equipment - net 1,109.6 1,133.2
Deferred income taxes 268.8 271.0
Other assets 323.5 281.2
-------- --------
Total $2,814.3 $2,693.6
======== ========
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 184.5 $ 152.1
Accrued interest 32.0 32.6
Accrued salaries, wages, and related expenses 105.3 77.7
Accrued postretirement medical benefit obligation - current portion 46.8 47.0
Other accrued liabilities 126.2 171.7
Payable to affiliates 95.3 85.2
Long-term debt - current portion 8.9 11.5
Note payable to parent - current portion 10.7 21.2
-------- --------
Total current liabilities 609.7 599.0
Long-term liabilities 548.5 495.5
Accrued postretirement medical benefit obligation 734.0 734.9
Long-term debt 749.2 751.1
Note payable to parent 8.6 23.5
Minority interests 91.4 85.4
Redeemable preference stock - aggregate liquidation value of $36.9 in 1995
and $45.6 in 1994 29.6 29.0
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Redeemable preference stock - cumulative and convertible, par value $100, authorized
1,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 22,214 and 23,436 in 1995 and 1994 1.7 1.8
Common stock, par value 33-1/3 cents, authorized 100,000,000 shares; issued and
outstanding, 46,171,365 in 1995 and 1994 15.4 15.4
Additional capital 1,730.7 1,626.3
Accumulated deficit (210.9) (271.5)
Additional minimum pension liability (13.8) (9.1)
Note payable to parent (1,479.8) (1,387.7)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) 43.3 (24.8)
-------- --------
Total $2,814.3 $2,693.6
======== ========
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are
an integral part of these statements.
28
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED INCOME (LOSS)
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------
(In millions of dollars) 1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales $2,237.8 $1,781.5 $1,719.1
-------- -------- --------
Costs and expenses:
Cost of products sold 1,798.4 1,625.5 1,587.7
Depreciation 94.3 95.4 97.1
Selling, administrative, research and development, and general 134.0 116.5 121.6
Restructuring of operations 35.8
-------- -------- --------
Total costs and expenses 2,026.7 1,837.4 1,842.2
-------- -------- --------
Operating income (loss) 211.1 (55.9) (123.1)
Other expense:
Interest expense (93.9) (88.6) (84.2)
Other - net (14.1) (7.3) (1.5)
-------- -------- --------
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interests, extraordinary loss, and
cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles 103.1 (151.8) (208.8)
(Provision) credit for income taxes (37.4) 54.0 86.9
Minority interests (.4) 1.6 4.3
-------- -------- --------
Income (loss) before extraordinary loss and cumulative effect of changes in
accounting principles 65.3 (96.2) (117.6)
Extraordinary loss on early extinguishment of debt, net of tax benefit of $2.9
and $11.2 for 1994 and 1993, respectively (5.4) (21.8)
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net of tax benefit of $237.7 (507.9)
-------- -------- --------
Net income (loss) $ 65.3 $ (101.6) $ (647.3)
======== ======== ========
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are
an integral part of these statements.
29
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------
(In millions of dollars) 1995 1994 1993
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ 65.3 $(101.6) $ (647.3)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used for)
operating activities:
Depreciation 94.3 95.4 97.1
Amortization of excess investment over equity in unconsolidated affiliates 11.4 11.6 11.9
Amortization of deferred financing costs and discount on long-term debt 5.4 6.2 11.2
Equity in (income) losses of unconsolidated affiliates (19.2) 1.9 3.3
Restructuring of operations 35.8
Minority interests .4 (1.6) (4.3)
Extraordinary loss on early extinguishment of debt - net 5.4 21.8
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles - net 507.9
(Increase) decrease in receivables (110.0) 36.2 (6.2)
(Increase) decrease in inventories (57.7) (41.1) 13.0
Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other assets 82.9 (60.6) (5.2)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable 32.4 25.8 (10.3)
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest (.6) 9.3 19.2
Increase in payable to affiliates and accrued liabilities 10.6 51.6 76.4
Decrease in accrued and deferred income taxes (7.2) (69.2) (96.4)
Other 11.5 9.4 10.1
------- ------- ---------
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities 119.5 (21.3) 38.0
------- ------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net proceeds from disposition of property and investments 8.6 4.1 13.1
Capital expenditures (79.4) (70.0) (67.7)
Investments in joint ventures (9.0)
------- ------- ---------
Net cash used for investing activities (79.8) (65.9) (54.6)
------- ------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of long-term debt, including revolving credit (537.7) (345.1) (1,134.5)
Borrowings of long-term debt, including revolving credit 532.3 378.9 1,068.1
Borrowings from MAXXAM Group Inc. (see supplemental disclosure below) 15.0
Tender premiums and other costs of early extinguishment of debt (27.1)
Net short-term debt repayments (.5) (4.3)
Net (payments to) borrowings from parent (15.5) 13.2 31.5
Incurrence of financing costs (.8) (19.2) (12.7)
Dividends paid (.7) (.7) (1.0)
Capital contribution 1.2 66.9 81.5
Redemption of preference stock (8.8) (8.5) (4.2)
------- ------- ---------
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities (30.0) 85.0 12.3
------- ------- ---------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents during the year 9.7 (2.2) (4.3)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 12.0 14.2 18.5
------- ------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 21.7 $ 12.0 $ 14.2
======= ======= =========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest $ 88.8 $ 73.1 $ 53.7
Income taxes paid 35.7 16.0 13.5
Tax allocation payments to Kaiser Aluminum Corporation 3.2
Tax allocation payments from MAXXAM Inc. (3.8)
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash financing activities:
Contribution to capital of the borrowings from MAXXAM Group Inc. $ 15.0
The accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements are
an integral part of these statements.
30
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
- ----------------------------------------------
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the statements of Kaiser
Aluminum & Chemical Corporation (the "Company" or "KACC") and its
majority-owned subsidiaries. The Company is a wholly owned subsidiary
of Kaiser Aluminum Corporation ("Kaiser") which is a subsidiary of
MAXXAM Inc. ("MAXXAM"). The Company operates in all principal aspects
of the aluminum industry--the mining of bauxite (the major aluminum-
bearing ore), the refining of bauxite into alumina (the intermediate
material), the production of primary aluminum, and the manufacture of
fabricated and semi-fabricated aluminum products. The Company's
production levels of alumina and primary aluminum exceed its internal
processing needs, which allows it to be a major seller of alumina and
primary aluminum to domestic and international third parties (see Note
11).
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles requires the use of estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities known to
exist as of the date the financial statements are published, and the
reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Uncertainties, with respect to such estimates and assumptions, are
inherent in the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial
statements; accordingly, it is possible that the actual results could
differ from these estimates and assumptions, which could have a
material effect on the reported amounts of the Company's consolidated
financial position and results of operation.
Investments in 50%-or-less-owned entities are accounted for primarily
by the equity method. Intercompany balances and transactions are
eliminated. Certain reclassifications of prior-year information were
made to conform to the current presentation.
Changes in Accounting Principles
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
106, "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than
Pensions" ("SFAS 106"), and Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 112, "Employers' Accounting for Postemployment Benefits"
("SFAS 112"), as of January 1, 1993. The costs of postretirement
benefits other than pensions and postemployment benefits are now
accrued over the period employees provide services to the date of
their full eligibility for such benefits. Previously, such costs were
expensed as actual claims were incurred. The cumulative effect of the
changes in accounting principles for the adoption of SFAS 106 and SFAS
112 were recorded as charges to results of operations of $497.7 and
$7.3, net of related income taxes of $234.2 and $3.5, respectively.
These deferred income tax benefits were recorded at the federal
statutory rate in effect on the date the accounting standards were
adopted, before giving effect to certain valuation allowances. The new
accounting standards had no effect on the Company's cash outlays for
postretirement or postemployment benefits, nor did these one-time
charges affect the Company's compliance with its existing debt
covenants. The Company reserves the right, subject to applicable
collective bargaining agreements and applicable legal requirements, to
amend or terminate these benefits.
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
109, "Accounting for Income Taxes" ("SFAS 109"), as of January 1,
1993. The adoption of SFAS 109 changed the Company's method of
accounting for income taxes to an asset and liability approach from
the deferral method prescribed by Accounting Principles Board Opinion
No. 11, "Accounting for Income Taxes." The asset and liability
approach requires the recognition of deferred income tax assets and
liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that
have been recognized in the Company's financial statements or tax
returns. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities
are determined based on the temporary differences between the
financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using
enacted tax rates. The cumulative effect of the change in accounting
principle reduced the Company's results of operations by $2.9. The
adoption of SFAS 109 required the Company to restate certain assets
and liabilities to their pre-tax amounts from their net-of-tax
31
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
amounts originally recorded in connection with the acquisition by
MAXXAM in October 1988. As a result of restating these assets and
liabilities, the loss before income taxes, minority interests,
extraordinary loss, and cumulative effect of changes in accounting
principles for the year ended December 31, 1993, was increased by
$9.3.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers only those short-term, highly liquid investments
with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents.
Inventories
Substantially all product inventories are stated at last-in, first-out
("LIFO") cost, not in excess of market value. Replacement cost is not
in excess of LIFO cost. Other inventories, principally operating
supplies and repair and maintenance parts, are stated at the lower of
average cost or market. Inventory costs consist of material, labor,
and manufacturing overhead, including depreciation. Inventories
consist of the following:
December 31,
----------------
1995 1994
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Finished fabricated products $ 91.5 $ 49.4
Primary aluminum and work in process 195.9 203.1
Bauxite and alumina 119.6 102.3
Operating supplies and repair and maintenance parts 118.7 113.2
------ ------
$525.7 $468.0
====== ======
Depreciation
Depreciation is computed principally by the straight-line method at
rates based on the estimated useful lives of the various classes of
assets. The principal estimated useful lives by class of assets are:
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Land improvements 8 to 25 years
Buildings 15 to 45 years
Machinery and equipment 10 to 22 years
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company applies Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,
"Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and related
interpretations in accounting for a stock-based compensation plan.
Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized for this plan
(see Note 6).
Other Expense
Other expense in 1995, 1994, and 1993 includes $17.8, $16.5, and $17.9
of pre-tax charges related principally to establishing additional: (i)
litigation reserves for asbestos claims, and (ii) environmental
reserves for potential soil and ground water remediation matters, each
pertaining to operations which were discontinued prior to the
acquisition of the Company by MAXXAM in 1988.
Deferred Financing Costs
Costs incurred to obtain debt financing are deferred and amortized
over the estimated term of the related borrowing. Amortization of
deferred financing costs of $5.3, $6.0, and $11.2 for the years ended
December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993, respectively, are included in
interest expense.
32
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Foreign Currency
The Company uses the United States dollar as the functional currency
for its foreign operations.
Derivative Financial Instruments
Gains and losses arising from the use of derivative financial
instruments are reflected in the Company's operating results
concurrently with the consummation of the underlying hedged
transactions. Deferred gains or losses as of December 31, 1995, are
included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and Other
accrued liabilities. The Company does not hold or issue derivative
financial instruments for trading purposes (see Note 10).
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The following table presents the estimated fair value of the Company's
financial instruments, together with the carrying amounts of the
related assets or liabilities. Unless otherwise noted, the carrying
amount of all financial instruments is a reasonable estimate of fair
value.
December 31, 1995 December 31, 1994
---------------------- ---------------------
Carrying Estimated Carrying Estimated
Amount Fair Value Amount Fair Value
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Debt $758.1 $806.3 $762.6 $747.6
Foreign currency contracts 1.9 3.5
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair
value of each class of financial instruments:
Debt - The quoted market prices were used for the Senior Notes and
12-3/4% Notes (see Note 4). The fair value of all other debt is based
on discounting the future cash flows using the current rate for debt
of similar maturities and terms.
Foreign Currency Contracts - The fair value generally reflects the
estimated amounts that the Company would receive to enter into similar
contracts at the reporting date, thereby taking into account
unrealized gains or losses on open contracts (see Note 10).
2. Investments In and Advances To Unconsolidated Affiliates
- -----------------------------------------------------------
Summary combined financial information is provided below for
unconsolidated aluminum investments, most of which supply and process
raw materials. The investees are Queensland Alumina Limited ("QAL")
(28.3% owned), Anglesey Aluminium Limited ("Anglesey") (49.0% owned),
and Kaiser Jamaica Bauxite Company (49.0% owned). The equity in
earnings (losses) before income taxes of such operations is treated as
a reduction (increase) in cost of products sold. At December 31, 1995
and 1994, the Company's net receivables from these affiliates were not
material.
33
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of Combined Financial Position
December 31,
------------------
1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current assets $ 429.0 $ 342.3
Property, plant, and equipment - net 330.8 349.4
Other assets 39.3 42.4
------- -------
Total assets $ 799.1 $ 734.1
======= =======
Current liabilities $ 125.4 $ 122.4
Long-term debt 331.8 307.6
Other liabilities 35.6 31.0
Stockholders' equity 306.3 273.1
------- -------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 799.1 $ 734.1
======= =======
Summary of Combined Operations
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------
1995 1994 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales $ 685.9 $ 489.8 $ 510.3
Costs and expenses (618.7) (494.8) (527.2)
(Provision) credit for income taxes (18.7) (6.3) 1.9
------- ------- -------
Net income (loss) $ 48.5 $ (11.3) $ (15.0)
======= ======= =======
Company's equity in income (loss) $ 19.2 $ (1.9) $ (3.3)
======= ======= =======
The Company's equity in income (loss) differs from the summary net
income (loss) due to various percentage ownerships in the entities and
equity method accounting adjustments. At December 31, 1995, the
Company's investment in its unconsolidated affiliates exceeded its
equity in their net assets by approximately $54.9. The Company is
amortizing this amount over a 12-year period, which results in an
annual amortization charge of approximately $11.4.
The Company and its affiliates have interrelated operations. The
Company provides some of its affiliates with services such as
financing, management, and engineering. Significant activities with
affiliates include the acquisition and processing of bauxite, alumina,
and primary aluminum. Purchases from these affiliates were $284.4,
$219.7, and $206.6 in the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and
1993, respectively. Dividends of $8.1, nil, and nil were received from
investees in the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993,
respectively.
In 1995, a subsidiary of the Company invested $9.0 in a foreign joint
venture. This amount is included in Investments in and advances to
unconsolidated affiliates.
34
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Property, Plant, and Equipment
- ----------------------------------
The major classes of property, plant, and equipment are as follows:
December 31,
--------------------
1995 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------
Land and improvements $ 151.8 $ 153.5
Buildings 198.5 196.8
Machinery and equipment 1,337.6 1,285.0
Construction in progress 59.6 45.0
-------- --------
1,747.5 1,680.3
Accumulated depreciation 637.9 547.1
-------- --------
Property, plant, and equipment - net $1,109.6 $1,133.2
======== ========
4. Long-Term Debt
- ------------------
Long-term debt and its maturity schedule are as follows:
December 31,
2001 ---------------
and 1995 1994
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 After Total Total
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1994 Credit Agreement (9.00% at December 31,
1995) $13.1 $ 13.1 $ 6.7
9-7/8% Senior Notes, net $223.8 223.8 223.6
Pollution Control and Solid Waste Disposal
Facilities Obligations (6.00% - 7.75%) $ 1.2 $ 1.3 $ 1.4 .2 $ .2 32.6 36.9 38.1
Alpart CARIFA Loan (fixed and variable rates) 60.0 60.0 60.0
Alpart Term Loan (8.95%) 6.3 6.2 12.5 18.7
12-3/4% Senior Subordinated Notes 400.0 400.0 400.0
Other borrowings (fixed and variable rates) 1.4 1.4 7.7 .3 .2 .8 11.8 15.5
----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ------ ------ ------
Total $ 8.9 $ 8.9 $ 9.1 $13.6 $ .4 $717.2 758.1 762.6
===== ===== ===== ===== ===== ======
Less current portion 8.9 11.5
------ ------
Long-term debt $749.2 $751.1
====== ======
1994 Credit Agreement
On February 17, 1994, the Company and Kaiser entered into a credit
agreement with BankAmerica Business Credit, Inc. and certain other
lenders (as amended, the "1994 Credit Agreement"). The 1994 Credit
Agreement consists of a $325.0 five-year secured, revolving line of
credit, scheduled to mature in 1999. The Company is able to borrow
under the facility by means of revolving credit advances and letters
of credit (up to $125.0) in an aggregate amount equal to the lesser of
$325.0 or a borrowing base relating to eligible accounts receivable
plus eligible inventory. The Company recorded a pre-tax extraordinary
loss of $8.3 ($5.4 after taxes) in the first quarter of 1994,
consisting primarily of the write-off of unamortized deferred
financing costs related to the previous credit agreement. As of
December 31, 1995, $259.3 (of which $72.4 could have been used for
letters of credit) was available to the Company under the 1994 Credit
Agreement. The 1994 Credit Agreement is unconditionally guaranteed by
the Company and by certain significant subsidiaries of the Company.
Loans under the 1994 Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate per
annum, at the Company's election, equal to a Reference Rate (as
defined) plus 1-1/2% or LIBO Rate (Reserve Adjusted) (as defined) plus
3-1/4%. After June 30, 1995, the interest rate margins applicable to
borrowings under the 1994 Credit Agreement may be reduced by up to
1-1/2% (non-cumulatively), based on a financial test, determined
quarterly. As of December 31, 1995, the financial test permitted a
reduction of 1-1/2% per annum in margins effective January 1, 1996.
35
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
The 1994 Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain certain
financial covenants and places restrictions on the Company's and
Kaiser's ability to, among other things, incur debt and liens, make
investments, pay dividends, undertake transactions with affiliates,
make capital expenditures, and enter into unrelated lines of business.
Neither the Company nor Kaiser currently is permitted to pay dividends
on its common stock. The 1994 Credit Agreement is secured by, among
other things, (i) mortgages on the Company's major domestic plants
(excluding the Gramercy plant); (ii) subject to certain exceptions,
liens on the accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, domestic
patents and trademarks, and substantially all other personal property
of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries; (iii) a pledge of all
the stock of the Company owned by Kaiser; and (iv) pledges of all of
the stock of a number of the Company's wholly owned domestic
subsidiaries, pledges of a portion of the stock of certain foreign
subsidiaries, and pledges of a portion of the stock of certain
partially owned foreign affiliates.
Senior Notes
Concurrent with the offering by Kaiser of its 8.255% PRIDES,
Convertible Preferred Stock (the "PRIDES") (see Note 8), the Company
issued $225.0 of its 9-7/8% Senior Notes due 2002 (the "Senior
Notes"). The net proceeds of the offering of the Senior Notes were
used to reduce outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit
facility of the 1989 Credit Agreement immediately prior to the
effectiveness of the 1994 Credit Agreement and for working capital and
general corporate purposes.
Gramercy Solid Waste Disposal Revenue Bonds
In December 1992, the Company entered into an installment sale
agreement (the "Sale Agreement") with the Parish of St. James,
Louisiana (the "Louisiana Parish"), pursuant to which the Louisiana
Parish issued $20.0 aggregate principal amount of its 7-3/4% Bonds due
August 1, 2022 (the "Bonds") to finance the construction of certain
solid waste disposal facilities at the Company's Gramercy plant. The
proceeds from the sale of the Bonds were deposited into a construction
fund and may be withdrawn, from time to time, pursuant to the terms of
the Sale Agreement and the Bond indenture. At December 31, 1995, $3.8
remained in the construction fund. The Sale Agreement requires the
Company to make payments to the Louisiana Parish in installments due
on the dates and in the amounts required to permit the Louisiana
Parish to satisfy all of its payment obligations under the Bonds.
Alpart CARIFA Loan
In December 1991, Alpart entered into a loan agreement with the
Caribbean Basin Projects Financing Authority ("CARIFA") under which
CARIFA loaned Alpart the proceeds from the issuance of CARIFA's
industrial revenue bonds. The terms of the loan parallel the bonds'
repayment terms. The $38.0 aggregate principal amount of Series A
bonds matures on June 1, 2008. Substantially all of the Series A bonds
bear interest at a floating rate of 87% of the applicable LIBID Rate
(LIBOR less 1/8 of 1%). The $22.0 aggregate principal amount of Series B
bonds matures on June 1, 2007, and bears interest at a fixed rate of
8.25%.
Proceeds from the sale of the bonds were used by Alpart to refinance
interim loans from the partners in Alpart, to pay eligible project
costs for the expansion and modernization of its alumina refinery and
related port and bauxite mining facilities, and to pay certain costs
of issuance. Under the terms of the loan agreement, Alpart must remain
a qualified recipient for Caribbean Basin Initiative funds as defined
in applicable laws. Alpart has agreed to indemnify bondholders of
CARIFA for certain tax payments that could result from events, as
defined, that adversely affect the tax treatment of the interest
income on the bonds. Alpart's obligations under the loan agreement are
secured by a $64.2 letter of credit guaranteed by the partners in
Alpart (of which $22.5 is guaranteed by the Company's minority partner
in Alpart).
36
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Senior Subordinated Notes
On February 1, 1993, the Company issued $400.0 of its 12-3/4% Senior
Subordinated Notes due 2003 (the "12-3/4% Notes"). The net proceeds
from the sale of the 12-3/4% Notes were used to retire the 14-1/4%
Senior Subordinated Notes due 1995 (the "14-1/4% Notes"), to prepay
$18.0 of the term loan, and to reduce outstanding borrowings under the
revolving credit facility of the 1989 Credit Agreement. These
transactions resulted in a pre-tax extraordinary loss of $33.0 in the
first quarter of 1993, consisting primarily of the write-off of
unamortized discount and deferred financing costs related to the
14-1/4% Notes.
The obligations of the Company with respect to the Senior Notes and
the 12-3/4% Notes are guaranteed, jointly and severally, by certain
subsidiaries of the Company. The indentures governing the Senior Notes
and the 12-3/4% Notes (the "Indentures") restrict, among other things,
the Company's ability to incur debt, undertake transactions with
affiliates, and pay dividends. Further, the Indentures provide that
the Company must offer to purchase the Senior Notes and the 12-3/4%
Notes, respectively, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control (as
defined therein), and the 1994 Credit Agreement provides that the
occurrence of a Change in Control (as defined therein) shall
constitute an Event of Default thereunder.
Capitalized Interest
Interest capitalized in 1995, 1994, and 1993 was $2.8, $2.7, and $3.4,
respectively.
5. Income Taxes
- ----------------
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interests, extraordinary
loss, and cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles by
geographic area is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
Domestic $(55.4) $(168.1) $(232.3)
Foreign 158.5 16.3 23.5
------ ------- -------
Total $103.1 $(151.8) $(208.8)
====== ======= =======
Income taxes are classified as either domestic or foreign, based on
whether payment is made or due to the United States or a foreign
country. Certain income classified as foreign is also subject to
domestic income taxes.
The (provision) credit for income taxes on income (loss) before income
taxes, minority interests, extraordinary loss, and cumulative effect
of changes in accounting principles consists of:
Federal Foreign State Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995 Current $ (4.3) $ (40.2) $ (.1) $ (44.6)
Deferred 15.0 (4.9) (2.9) 7.2
------- ------- ------- -------
Total $ 10.7 $ (45.1) $ (3.0) $ (37.4)
======= ======= ======= =======
1994 Current $ (18.0) $ (.1) $ (18.1)
Deferred $ 71.4 .6 .1 72.1
------- ------- ------- -------
Total $ 71.4 $ (17.4) $ 54.0
======= ======= ======= =======
1993 Current $ 12.5 $ (7.9) $ (.1) $ 4.5
Deferred 68.6 12.0 1.8 82.4
------- ------- ------- -------
Total $ 81.1 $ 4.1 $ 1.7 $ 86.9
======= ======= ======= =======
37
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
The 1994 federal deferred credit for income taxes of $71.4 includes
$29.2 for the benefit of operating loss carryforwards generated in
1994. The 1993 federal deferred credit for income taxes of $68.6
includes $29.1 for the benefit of operating loss carryforwards
generated in 1993 and a $3.4 benefit for increasing net deferred
income tax assets (liabilities) as of the date of enactment (August
10, 1993) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993, which
retroactively increased the federal statutory income tax rate from 34%
to 35% for periods beginning on or after January 1, 1993.
A reconciliation between the (provision) credit for income taxes and
the amount computed by applying the federal statutory income tax rate
to income (loss) before income taxes, minority interests,
extraordinary loss, and cumulative effect of changes in accounting
principles is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------
1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amount of federal income tax (provision) credit based on the statutory rate $(36.1) $ 53.1 $ 73.1
Percentage depletion 4.2 5.6 6.4
Revision of prior years' tax estimates and other changes in valuation allowances 1.5 .5 3.9
Foreign taxes, net of federal tax benefit (5.4) (5.3) (2.6)
Increase in net deferred income tax assets due to tax rate change 1.8 3.4
Other (1.6) (1.7) 2.7
------ ------ ------
(Provision) credit for income taxes $(37.4) $ 54.0 $ 86.9
====== ====== ======
As shown in the Statements of Consolidated Income (Loss) for the years
ended December 31, 1994 and 1993, the Company reported extraordinary
losses related to the early extinguishment of debt. The Company
reported the 1994 extraordinary loss net of related deferred federal
income taxes of $2.9 and reported the 1993 extraordinary loss net of
related current federal income taxes of $11.2, which approximated the
federal statutory rate in effect on the dates the transactions
occurred.
The Company adopted SFAS 109 as of January 1, 1993, as discussed in
Note 1. The components of the Company's net deferred income tax assets
are as follows:
December 31,
------------------
1995 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred income tax assets:
Postretirement benefits other than pensions $ 289.9 $ 293.7
Loss and credit carryforwards 155.8 187.4
Other liabilities 107.8 109.6
Pensions 56.0 51.0
Foreign and state deferred income tax liabilities 30.8 28.1
Property, plant, and equipment 22.9 23.1
Inventories 1.8
Other 10.7 3.5
Valuation allowances (128.5) (133.9)
------- -------
Total deferred income tax assets - net 547.2 562.5
------- -------
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Property, plant, and equipment (179.8) (203.2)
Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates (66.4) (63.8)
Inventories (8.3)
Other (9.5) (6.4)
------- -------
Total deferred income tax liabilities (255.7) (281.7)
------- -------
Net deferred income tax assets $ 291.5 $ 280.8
======= =======
38
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
The valuation allowances listed above relate primarily to loss and
credit carryforwards and postretirement benefits other than pensions.
As of December 31, 1995, approximately $97.4 of the net deferred
income tax assets listed above relate to the benefit of loss and
credit carryforwards, net of valuation allowances. The Company
evaluated all appropriate factors to determine the proper valuation
allowances for these carryforwards, including any limitations
concerning their use and the year the carryforwards expire, as well as
the levels of taxable income necessary for utilization. For example,
full valuation allowances were provided for certain credit
carryforwards that expire in the near term. With regard to future
levels of income, the Company believes, based on the cyclical nature
of its business, its history of prior operating earnings, and its
expectations for future years, that it will more likely than not
generate sufficient taxable income to realize the benefit attributable
to the loss and credit carryforwards for which valuation allowances
were not provided. The remaining portion of the Company's net deferred
income tax assets at December 31, 1995, is approximately $194.1. A
principal component of this amount is the tax benefit associated with
the accrual for postretirement benefits other than pensions. The
future tax deductions with respect to the turnaround of this accrual
will occur over a 30- to 40-year period. If such deductions create or
increase a net operating loss in any one year, the Company has the
ability to carry forward such loss for 15 taxable years. For these
reasons, the Company believes a long-term view of profitability is
appropriate and has concluded that this net deferred income tax asset
will more likely than not be realized, despite the operating losses
incurred in recent years.
As of December 31, 1995 and 1994, $53.5 and $37.9, respectively, of
the net deferred income tax assets listed above are included on the
Consolidated Balance Sheets in the caption entitled Prepaid expenses
and other current assets. Certain other portions of the deferred
income tax assets and liabilities listed above are included on the
Consolidated Balance Sheets in the captions entitled Other accrued
liabilities and Long-term liabilities.
The Company and its subsidiaries (collectively, the "KACC Subgroup")
were included in the consolidated federal income tax returns of MAXXAM
for the period from October 28, 1988, through June 30, 1993. As a
consequence of the issuance of the Depositary Shares on June 30, 1993,
as discussed in Note 8, the KACC Subgroup is no longer included in the
consolidated federal income tax returns of MAXXAM. The KACC Subgroup
has become a member of a new consolidated return group of which Kaiser
is the common parent corporation (the "New Kaiser Tax Group"). The New
Kaiser Tax Group files consolidated federal income tax returns for
taxable periods beginning on or after July 1, 1993.
The tax allocation agreement between the Company and MAXXAM (the "KACC
Tax Allocation Agreement") terminated pursuant to its terms, effective
for taxable periods beginning after June 30, 1993. Any unused federal
income tax attribute carryforwards under the terms of the KACC Tax
Allocation Agreement were eliminated and are not available to offset
federal income tax liabilities for taxable periods beginning on or
after July 1, 1993. Upon the filing of MAXXAM's 1993 consolidated
federal income tax return, the tax attribute carryforwards of the
MAXXAM consolidated return group as of December 31, 1993, were
apportioned in part to Kaiser and the KACC Subgroup, based on the
provisions of the relevant consolidated return regulations. The
benefit of such tax attribute carryforwards apportioned to the KACC
Subgroup approximated the benefit of tax attribute carryforwards
eliminated under the KACC Tax Allocation Agreement. To the extent the KACC
Subgroup generates unused tax losses or tax credits for periods
beginning on or after July 1, 1993, such amounts will not be available
to obtain refunds of amounts paid by the Company to MAXXAM for periods
ending on or before June 30, 1993, pursuant to the KACC Tax Allocation
Agreement.
The Company and MAXXAM entered into the KACC Tax Allocation Agreement,
which became effective as of October 28, 1988. Under the terms of the
KACC Tax Allocation Agreement, MAXXAM computed the federal income tax
liability for the KACC Subgroup as if the KACC Subgroup were a
separate affiliated group of corporations which was never connected
with MAXXAM. The provisions of the KACC Tax Allocation Agreement will
continue to govern for periods ended prior to July 1, 1993. Therefore,
payments or refunds may still be required by or payable to the Company
under the terms of the KACC Tax Allocation Agreement for these periods due to
the final resolution of audits, amended returns,
39
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
and related matters. However, the 1994 Credit Agreement prohibits the
payment by the Company to MAXXAM of any amounts due under the KACC Tax
Allocation Agreement, except for certain payments that are required as a
result of audits and only to the extent of any amounts paid after February
17, 1994, by MAXXAM to the Company under the KACC Tax Allocation
Agreement.
On June 30, 1993, the Company and Kaiser entered into a tax allocation
agreement (the "New KACC Tax Allocation Agreement"), effective for
taxable periods beginning on or after July 1, 1993. The terms of the
New KACC Tax Allocation Agreement are similar, in all material
respects, to those of the KACC Tax Allocation Agreement except that
the Company is liable to Kaiser.
The following table presents the Company's tax attributes for federal
income tax purposes as of December 31, 1995, under the terms of the
New KACC Tax Allocation Agreement. The utilization of certain of these
tax attributes is subject to limitations:
Expiring
Through
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Regular tax attribute carryforwards:
Net operating losses $ 32.9 2007
General business tax credits 28.4 2008
Foreign tax credits 89.4 2000
Alternative minimum tax credits 19.4 Indefinite
Alternative minimum tax attribute carryforwards:
Net operating losses $ 17.1 2002
Foreign tax credits 83.3 2000
6.Employee Benefit and Incentive Plans
- --------------------------------------
Retirement Plans
Retirement plans are non-contributory for salaried and hourly
employees and generally provide for benefits based on a formula which
considers length of service and earnings during years of service. The
Company's funding policies meet or exceed all regulatory requirements.
40
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
The funded status of the employee pension benefit plans and the
corresponding amounts that are included in the Company's Consolidated
Balance Sheets are as follows:
Plans with Accumulated
Benefits Exceeding
Assets(1)
December 31,
--------------------------
1995 1994
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated benefit obligation:
Vested employees $ 753.0 $ 663.9
Nonvested employees 28.7 41.1
------- -------
Accumulated benefit obligation 781.7 705.0
Additional amounts related to projected salary increases 34.2 30.0
------- -------
Projected benefit obligation 815.9 735.0
Plan assets (principally common stocks and fixed income obligations) at fair value (592.3) (524.6)
------- -------
Plan assets less than projected benefit obligation 223.6 210.4
Unrecognized net losses (54.7) (42.5)
Unrecognized net obligations (.5) (.8)
Unrecognized prior-service cost (28.2) (30.9)
Adjustment required to recognize minimum liability 49.8 42.9
------- -------
Accrued pension obligation included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
(principally in Long-term liabilities) $ 190.0 $ 179.1
======= =======
(1) Includes plans with assets exceeding accumulated benefits by
approximately $.1 and $.3 in 1995 and 1994, respectively.
As required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 87,
"Employers' Accounting for Pensions," the Company recorded an after-tax
credit (charge) to equity of $(4.7) and $12.5 at December 31, 1995 and
1994, respectively, for the reduction (excess) of the minimum
liability over the unrecognized net obligation and prior-service cost.
These amounts were recorded net of the related income tax (provision)
credit of $2.8 and $(7.3) as of December 31, 1995 and 1994,
respectively, which approximated the federal and state statutory
rates.
The components of net periodic pension cost are:
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------
1995 1994 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost -benefits earned during the period $ 10.0 $ 11.2 $ 10.8
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation 59.8 57.3 59.2
Return on assets:
Actual gain (112.2) (.8) (70.3)
Deferred gain (loss) 64.6 (53.0) 15.9
Net amortization and deferral 4.2 4.1 2.3
------- ------- -------
Net periodic pension cost $ 26.4 $ 18.8 $ 17.9
======= ======= =======
Assumptions used to value obligations at year-end, and to determine the
net periodic pension cost in the subsequent year are:
1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 7.5% 8.5% 7.5%
Expected long-term rate of return on assets 9.5% 9.5% 10.0
Rate of increase in compensation levels 5.0% 5.0% 5.0%
41
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions
The Company and its subsidiaries provide postretirement health care
and life insurance benefits to eligible retired employees and their
dependents. Substantially all employees may become eligible for those
benefits if they reach retirement age while still working for the
Company or its subsidiaries. These benefits are provided through
contracts with various insurance carriers. The Company has not funded
the liability for these benefits, which are expected to be paid out of
cash generated by operations. The Company adopted SFAS 106 to account
for postretirement benefits other than pensions as of January 1, 1993,
as discussed in Note 1.
In 1995, the Company adopted the Kaiser Aluminum Medicare Program
("KAMP"). KAMP is mandatory for all salaried retirees over 65 and for
USWA retirees who retire after December 31, 1995, when they become 65,
and voluntary for other hourly retirees of the Company's operations in
the states of California, Louisiana, and Washington. The USWA
contract, ratified on February 28, 1995, also contained changes to the
retiree health benefits. These changes included increased retirees'
copayments, deductibles, and coinsurance, and restricted Medicare Part
B premium reimbursement to the 1995 level for employees retiring after
November 1, 1994. These changes will lower the Company's expenses for
retiree medical care.
The Company's accrued postretirement benefit obligation is composed of
the following:
December 31,
----------------
1995 1994
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation:
Retirees $557.6 $566.2
Active employees eligible for postretirement benefits 30.7 30.2
Active employees not eligible for postretirement benefits 61.1 98.7
------ ------
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation 649.4 695.1
Unrecognized net gains 20.5 55.0
Unrecognized gains related to prior-service costs 110.9 31.8
------ ------
Accrued postretirement benefit obligation $780.8 $781.9
====== ======
The components of net periodic postretirement benefit cost are:
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------
1995 1994 1993
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost $ 4.5 $ 8.2 $ 7.1
Interest cost 52.3 56.9 58.5
Amortization of prior service cost (8.9) (3.2)
----- ----- -----
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost $47.9 $61.9 $65.6
===== ===== =====
The 1996 annual assumed rates of increase in the per capita cost of
covered benefits (i.e., health care cost trend rate) are 8.0% and 7.5%
for retirees under 65 and over 65, respectively, and are assumed to
decrease gradually to 5.0% in 2007 and remain at that level
thereafter. The health care cost trend rate has a significant effect
on the amounts reported. A one percentage point increase in the
assumed health care cost trend rate would increase the accumulated
postretirement benefit obligation as of December 31, 1995, by
approximately $68.7 and the aggregate of the service and interest cost
components of net periodic postretirement benefit cost for 1995 by
approximately $7.8. The weighted average discount rate used to
determine the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation at
December 31, 1995 and 1994, was 7.5% and 8.5%, respectively.
42
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Postemployment Benefits
The Company provides certain benefits to former or inactive employees
after employment but before retirement. The Company adopted SFAS 112
to account for postemployment benefits as of January 1, 1993, as
discussed in Note 1.
Incentive Plans
Effective January 1, 1989, the Company and Kaiser adopted an unfunded
Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "LTIP") for certain key employees of the
Company, Kaiser, and their consolidated subsidiaries. All compensation
vested as of December 31, 1992, under the LTIP, as amended in 1991 and
1992, has been paid to the participants in cash or common stock of
Kaiser as of December 31, 1993. Under the LTIP, as amended, 764,092
restricted shares were distributed to six Company executives during
1993 for benefits generally earned but not vested as of December 31,
1992. These shares generally will vest at the rate of 25% per year.
The Company will record the related expense of $6.5 over the four-year
period ending December 31, 1996. In 1993, the Company adopted the
Kaiser 1993 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan. A total of 2,500,000 shares
of Kaiser common stock were reserved for awards or for payment of
rights granted under the Plan, of which 544,839 shares were available
to be awarded at December 31, 1995. Under the Kaiser 1993 Omnibus
Stock Incentive Plan, 102,564 restricted shares were distributed to
two Company executives during 1994, which will vest at the rate of 25%
per year. The Company will record the related expense of $1.0 over the
four-year period ending December 31, 1998.
In 1993 and 1994, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors
approved the award of "nonqualified stock options" to members of
management other than those participating in the LTIP. These options
to acquire Kaiser's common stock generally will vest at the rate of
20-25% per year. Information relating to nonqualified stock options is
shown below:
1995 1994 1993
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at beginning of year 1,119,680 664,400
Granted 494,800 664,400
Exercised (at $7.25 and $9.75 per share) (155,500) (6,920)
Expired or forfeited (38,095) (32,600)
--------- --------- -------
Outstanding at end of year (prices ranging from $7.25 to $12.75 per share) 926,085 1,119,680 664,400
========= ========= =======
Exercisable at end of year 211,755 120,180
========= =========
In 1995, the Company adopted the Kaiser Aluminum Total Compensation
System, an unfunded incentive compensation program. The program
provides incentive pay based on performance against plan over a three-
year period. the Company also has a supplemental savings and
retirement plan for salaried employees, under which the participants
contribute a percentage of their base salaries.
The Company's expense for the above plans was $11.9, $6.1, and $5.3
for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993, respectively.
7. Redeemable Preference Stock
- -------------------------------
In March 1985, the Company entered into a three-year agreement with
the USWA whereby shares of a new series of "Cumulative (1985 Series A)
Preference Stock" would be issued to an employee stock ownership plan
in exchange for certain elements of wages and benefits. Concurrently,
a similar plan was established for certain nonbargaining employees
which provided for the issuance of "Cumulative (1985 Series B)
Preference Stock." Series A Stock and Series B Stock
43
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
("Series A and B Stock") each have a par value of $1 per share and a
liquidation and redemption value of $50 per share plus accrued
dividends, if any.
For financial reporting purposes, Series A and B Stock were recorded
at fair market value when issued, based on independent appraisals,
with a corresponding charge to compensation cost. Carrying values have
been increased each year to recognize accretion of redemption values
and, in certain years, there have been other increases for reasons
described below. Changes in Series A and B Stock are shown below.
1995 1994 1993
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shares:
Beginning of year 912,167 1,081,548 1,163,221
Redeemed (174,804) (169,381) (81,673)
-------- --------- ---------
End of year 737,363 912,167 1,081,548
======== ========= =========
No additional Series A or B Stock will be issued. While held by the
plan trustee, Series B Stock is entitled to cumulative annual
dividends, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, payable in
stock or in cash at the option of the Company on or after March 1,
1991, in respect to years commencing January 1, 1990, based on a
formula tied to the Company's income before tax from aluminum
operations. When distributed to plan participants (generally upon
separation from the Company), the Series A and B Stocks are entitled
to an annual cash dividend of $5 per share, payable quarterly, when
and as declared by the Board of Directors.
Redemption fund agreements require the Company to make annual payments
by March 31 each year based on a formula tied to consolidated net
income until the redemption funds are sufficient to redeem all Series
A and B Stock. On an annual basis, the minimum payment is $4.3 and the
maximum payment is $7.3. In March 1994 and 1995, the Company
contributed $4.3 for each of the years 1993 and 1994, and will
contribute $4.3 in March 1996 for 1995.
Under the USWA labor contract effective November 1, 1994, the Company
is obligated to offer to purchase up to 40 shares of Series A Stock
from each active participant in 1995 at a price equal to its
redemption value of $50 per share. The Company also agreed to offer to
purchase up to an additional 80 shares from each participant in 1998.
In addition, a profitability test was satisfied for 1995; therefore,
the Company will offer to purchase from each active participant an
additional 20 shares of such preference stock held in the stock
ownership plan for the benefit of substantially the same employees in
1996. The employees could elect to receive their shares, accept cash,
or place the proceeds into the Company's 401(k) savings plan. The
Company will provide comparable purchases of Series B Stock from
active participants.
The Series A and B Stock is distributed in the event of death,
retirement, or in other specified circumstances. The Company also may
redeem such stock at $50 per share plus accrued dividends, if any. At
the option of the plan participant, the trustee shall redeem stock
distributed from the plans at redemption value to the extent funds are
available in the redemption fund. Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, at
the option of the plan participant, the Company must purchase
distributed shares earned after December 31, 1985, at redemption value
on a five-year installment basis, with interest at market rates. The
obligation of the Company to make such installment payments must be
secured.
The Series A and B Stock is entitled to the same voting rights as the
Company's common stock and to certain additional voting rights under
certain circumstances, including the right to elect, along with other
Company preference stockholders, two directors whenever accrued
dividends have not been paid on two annual dividend payment dates or
when accrued dividends in an amount equivalent to six full quarterly
dividends are in arrears. The Series A and B Stock restricts the
ability of the Company to redeem or pay dividends on common stock if
the Company is in default on any dividends payable on the Series A and
B Stock.
44
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Stockholders' Equity
- ------------------------
Changes in stockholders' equity were:
Retained Additional Note
Earnings Minimum Receivable
Preference Common Additional (Accumulated Pension From
Stock Stock Capital Deficit) Liability Parent
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1992 $ 2.0 $15.4 $1,255.6 $ 487.9 $ (6.7) $(1,185.8)
Net loss (647.3)
Interest on note receivable from parent 115.7 (115.7)
Contribution for LTIP shares 3.4
Conversions (1,967 preference shares into cash) (.2)
Capital contribution 96.5
Preference stock dividends (1.0)
Redeemable preference stock accretion (4.8)
Additional minimum pension liability (14.9)
----- ----- -------- -------- ------ ---------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1993 1.8 15.4 1,471.2 (165.2) (21.6) (1,301.5)
Net loss (101.6)
Interest on note receivable from parent 86.2 (86.2)
Contribution for LTIP shares 2.0
Capital contribution 66.9
Preference stock dividends (.7)
Redeemable preference stock accretion (4.0)
Reduction of minimum pension liability 12.5
----- ----- -------- -------- ------ ---------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1994 1.8 15.4 1,626.3 (271.5) (9.1) (1,387.7)
Net income 65.3
Interest on note receivable from parent 92.1 (92.1)
Contribution for LTIP shares 1.4
Capital contribution 10.9
Conversions (1,222 preference shares into cash) (.1)
Dividends (.8)
Redeemable preference stock accretion (3.9)
Additional minimum pension liability (4.7)
----- ----- -------- -------- ------ ---------
BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1995 $ 1.7 $15.4 $1,730.7 $ (210.9) $(13.8) $(1,479.8)
===== ===== ======== ======== ====== =========
Preference Stock
The Company's Cumulative Convertible Preference Stock, $100 par value
("$100 Preference Stock"), restricts acquisition of junior stock and
payment of dividends. At December 31, 1995, such provisions were less
restrictive as to the payment of cash dividends than the 1994 Credit
Agreement provisions. The Company has the option to redeem the $100
Preference Stocks at par value plus accrued dividends. The Company
does not intend to issue any additional shares of the $100 Preference
Stocks.
The 4-1/8% and 4-3/4% (1957 Series, 1959 Series, and 1966 Series) $100
Preference Stock can be exchanged for per share cash amounts of
$69.30, $77.84, $78.38, and $76.46, respectively. The Company records
the $100 Preference Stock at
45
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
their exchange amounts for financial statement presentation and the
Company includes such amounts in minority interests. The outstanding
shares of preference stock were:
December 31,
------------------
1995 1994
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
4-1/8% 3,237 3,657
4-3/4% (1957 Series) 2,342 2,605
4-3/4% (1959 Series) 13,162 13,534
4-3/4% (1966 Series) 3,473 3,640
Preferred Stock
Series A Convertible - In 1993, Kaiser issued 19,382,950 of its $.65
Depositary Shares (the "Depositary Shares"), each representing one-
tenth of a share of Series A Mandatory Conversion Premium Dividend
Preferred Stock (the "Series A Shares"). On September 19, 1995, Kaiser
redeemed all 1,938,295 Series A Shares, which resulted in the
simultaneous redemption of all Depositary Shares in exchange for (i)
13,126,521 shares of Kaiser's common stock and (ii) $2.8 in cash
comprised of (a) an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid dividends
up to and including the day immediately prior to redemption date and
(b) cash in lieu of any fractional shares of common stock that would
have otherwise been issuable.
PRIDES Convertible - In the first quarter of 1994, Kaiser
consummated the public offering of 8,855,550 shares of the PRIDES. The
net proceeds from the sale of the shares of PRIDES were approximately
$100.1. Kaiser used such net proceeds to make non-interest-bearing
loans to the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $33.2 (the
aggregate dividends scheduled to accrue on the shares of PRIDES from
the issuance date until December 31, 1997, the date on which the
outstanding PRIDES will be mandatorily converted into shares of
Kaiser's common stock), evidenced by intercompany notes, and used the
balance of such net proceeds to make capital contributions to the
Company in the aggregate amount of $66.9.
Note Receivable from Parent
The Note Receivable from Parent bears interest at a fixed rate of
6-5/8% per annum. No interest or principal payments are due until
December 21, 2000, after which interest and principal will be payable
over a 15-year term pursuant to a predetermined schedule. Accrued
interest is accounted for as additional contributed capital.
Dividends on Common Stock
The indentures governing the Senior Notes, the 12-3/4% Notes, and the
1994 Credit Agreement restrict, among other things, the Company's
ability to incur debt, undertake transactions with affiliates, and pay
dividends. Under the most restrictive of these covenants, the Company
currently is not permitted to pay dividends on its common stock.
9. Commitments and Contingencies
- ---------------------------------
Commitments
The Company has financial commitments, including purchase agreements,
tolling arrangements, forward foreign exchange and forward sales
contracts (see Note 10), letters of credit, and guarantees. Such
purchase agreements and tolling arrangements include long-term
agreements for the purchase and tolling of bauxite into alumina in
Australia by QAL. These obligations expire in 2008. Under the
agreements, the Company is unconditionally obligated to pay its
proportional share of debt, operating costs, and certain other costs
of QAL. The aggregate minimum amount of required future principal
payments at December 31, 1995, is $88.9, of which $26.7 is due in 1997
and the rest is due in 2002. The Company's share of payments,
including operating costs and certain other expenses under the
agreement, was $77.5, $85.6, and $86.7 for
46
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993, respectively. The
Company also has agreements to supply alumina to and to purchase
aluminum from Anglesey.
Minimum rental commitments under operating leases at December 31,
1995, are as follows: years ending December 31, 1996 - $22.7; 1997 -
$21.6; 1998 - $24.6; 1999 - $29.7; 2000 - $27.3; thereafter - $187.0.
The future minimum rentals receivable under noncancelable subleases
was $67.0 at December 31, 1995.
Rental expenses were $29.0, $26.8, and $29.0 for the years ended
December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993, respectively.
Environmental Contingencies
The Company is subject to a number of environmental laws, to fines or
penalties assessed for alleged breaches of the environmental laws, and
to claims and litigation based upon such laws. The Company currently
is subject to a number of lawsuits under the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as
amended by the Superfund Amendments Reauthorization Act of 1986
("CERCLA"), and, along with certain other entities, has been named as
a potentially responsible party for remedial costs at certain third-
party sites listed on the National Priorities List under CERCLA.
Based on the Company's evaluation of these and other environmental
matters, the Company has established environmental accruals, primarily
related to potential solid waste disposal and soil and groundwater
remediation matters. The following table presents the changes in such
accruals, which are primarily included in Long-term liabilities, for
the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993:
1995 1994 1993
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at beginning of period $40.1 $40.9 $46.4
Additional amounts 3.3 2.8 1.7
Less expenditures (4.5) (3.6) (7.2)
----- ----- -----
Balance at end of period $38.9 $40.1 $40.9
===== ===== =====
These environmental accruals represent the Company's estimate of costs
reasonably expected to be incurred based on presently enacted laws and
regulations, currently available facts, existing technology, and the
Company's assessment of the likely remediation action to be taken. The
Company expects that these remediation actions will be taken over the
next several years and estimates that annual expenditures to be
charged to these environmental accruals will be approximately $3.0 to
$9.0 for the years 1996 through 2000 and an aggregate of approximately
$10.0 thereafter.
As additional facts are developed and definitive remediation plans and
necessary regulatory approvals for implementation of remediation are
established or alternative technologies are developed, changes in
these and other factors may result in actual costs exceeding the
current environmental accruals. The Company believes that it is
reasonably possible that costs associated with these environmental
matters may exceed current accruals by amounts that could range, in
the aggregate, up to an estimated $23.0 and that the factors upon
which a substantial portion of this estimate is based are expected to
be resolved over the next twelve months. While uncertainties are
inherent in the final outcome of these environmental matters, and it
is presently impossible to determine the actual costs that ultimately
may be incurred, management currently believes that the resolution of
such uncertainties should not have a material adverse effect on the
Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations, or
liquidity.
47
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Asbestos Contingencies
The Company is a defendant in a number of lawsuits, some of which
involve claims of multiple persons, in which the plaintiffs allege
that certain of their injuries were caused by, among other things,
exposure to asbestos during, and as a result of, their employment or
association with the Company or exposure to products containing
asbestos produced or sold by the Company. The lawsuits generally
relate to products the Company has not manufactured for at least 15
years.
The following table presents the changes in number of such claims
pending for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993.
1995 1994 1993
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of claims at beginning of period 25,200 23,400 13,500
Claims received 41,700 14,300 11,400
Claims settled or dismissed (7,200) (12,500) (1,500)
------ ------- ------
Number of claims at end of period 59,700 25,200 23,400
====== ======= ======
The Company has been advised by its regional counsel that, although
there can be no assurance, the recent increase in pending claims may
be attributable in part to tort reform legislation in Texas which was
passed by the legislature in March 1995 and which became effective on
September 1, 1995. The legislation, among other things, is designed to
restrict, beginning September 1, 1995, the filing of cases in Texas
that do not have a sufficient nexus to that jurisdiction, and to
impose, generally as of September 1, 1996, limitations relating to
joint and several liability in tort cases. A substantial portion of
the asbestos-related claims that were filed and served on the Company
between June 30, 1995, and November 30, 1995, were filed in Texas
prior to September 1, 1995.
Based on past experience and reasonably anticipated future activity,
the Company has established an accrual for estimated asbestos-related
costs for claims filed and estimated to be filed and settled through
2008. There are inherent uncertainties involved in estimating
asbestos-related costs, and the Company's actual costs could exceed
these estimates. The Company's accrual was calculated based on the
current and anticipated number of asbestos-related claims, the prior
timing and amounts of asbestos-related payments, and the advice of
Wharton, Levin, Ehrmantraut, Klein & Nash, P.A. with respect to the
current state of the law related to asbestos claims. Accordingly, an
asbestos-related cost accrual of $160.1, before consideration of
insurance recoveries, is included primarily in Long-term liabilities
at December 31, 1995. The Company estimates that annual future cash
payments in connection with such litigation will be approximately
$13.0 to $20.0 for each of the years 1996 through 2000, and an
aggregate of approximately $78.0 thereafter through 2008. While the
Company does not presently believe there is a reasonable basis for
estimating such costs beyond 2008 and, accordingly, no accrual has
been recorded for such costs which may be incurred beyond 2008, there
is a reasonable possibility that such costs may continue beyond 2008,
and such costs may be substantial.
The Company believes that it has insurance coverage available to
recover a substantial portion of its asbestos-related costs. Claims
for recovery from some of the Company's insurance carriers are
currently subject to pending litigation and other carriers have raised
certain defenses, which have resulted in delays in recovering costs
from the insurance carriers. The timing and amount of ultimate
recoveries from these insurance carriers are dependent upon the
resolution of these disputes. The Company believes, based on prior
insurance-related recoveries in respect of asbestos-related claims,
existing insurance policies, and the advice of Thelen, Marrin, Johnson
& Bridges with respect to applicable insurance coverage law relating
to the terms and conditions of those policies, that substantial
recoveries from the insurance carriers are probable. Accordingly, an
estimated aggregate insurance recovery of $137.9, determined on the
same basis as the asbestos-related cost accrual, is recorded primarily
in Other assets at December 31, 1995.
48
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these
asbestos matters and it is presently impossible to determine the
actual costs that ultimately may be incurred and insurance recoveries
that will be received, management currently believes that, based on
the factors discussed in the preceding paragraphs, the resolution of
asbestos-related uncertainties and the incurrence of asbestos-related
costs net of related insurance recoveries should not have a material
adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position,
results of operations, or liquidity.
Other Contingencies
The Company is involved in various other claims, lawsuits, and other
proceedings relating to a wide variety of matters. While uncertainties
are inherent in the final outcome of such matters, and it is presently
impossible to determine the actual costs that ultimately may be
incurred, management currently believes that the resolution of such
uncertainties and the incurrence of such costs should not have a
material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial
position, results of operations, or liquidity.
10. Derivative Financial Instruments and Related Hedging Programs
- ------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company enters into a number of financial instruments in the
normal course of business that are designed to reduce its exposure to
fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, alumina, primary aluminum, and
fabricated aluminum products prices, and the cost of purchased
commodities.
The Company has significant expenditures which are denominated in
foreign currencies related to long-term purchase commitments with its
affiliates in Australia and the United Kingdom, which expose the
Company to certain exchange rate risks. In order to mitigate its
exposure, the Company periodically enters into forward foreign
exchange and currency option contracts in Australian dollars and
Pounds Sterling to hedge these commitments. The forward foreign
currency exchange contracts are agreements to purchase or sell a
foreign currency, for a price specified at the contract date, with
delivery and settlement in the future. At December 31, 1995, the
Company had net forward foreign exchange contracts totaling
approximately $102.8 for the purchase of 142.4 Australian dollars
through April 30, 1997.
To mitigate its exposure to declines in the market prices of alumina,
primary aluminum, and fabricated aluminum products, while retaining
the ability to participate in favorable pricing environments that may
materialize, the Company has developed strategies which include
forward sales of primary aluminum at fixed prices and the purchase or
sale of options for primary aluminum. Under the principal components
of the Company's price risk management strategy, which can be modified
at any time, (i) varying quantities of the Company's anticipated
production are sold forward at fixed prices; (ii) call options are
purchased to allow the Company to participate in certain higher market
prices, should they materialize, for a portion of the Company's
primary aluminum and alumina sold forward; (iii) option contracts are
entered into to establish a price range the Company will receive for a
portion of its primary aluminum and alumina; and (iv) put options are
purchased to establish minimum prices the Company will receive for a
portion of its primary aluminum and alumina. In this regard, in
respect of its 1996 anticipated production, as of December 31, 1995,
the Company had sold forward 15,750 metric tons of primary aluminum at
fixed prices.
In addition, the Company enters into forward fixed price arrangements
with certain customers which provide for the delivery of a specific
quantity of fabricated aluminum products over a specified future
period of time. In order to establish the cost of primary aluminum for
a portion of such sales, the Company may enter into forward and option
contracts. In this regard, at December 31, 1995 the Company had
purchased 53,300 metric tons of primary aluminum under forward
purchase contracts at fixed prices that expire at various times
through December 1996.
49
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
At December 31, 1995, the net unrealized gain on the Company's
position in aluminum forward sales and option contracts, based on an
average price of $1,721 per metric ton ($.78 per pound) of aluminum,
and forward foreign exchange contracts was $4.1.
The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance
by other parties to these currency and commodity contracts, but the
Company does not anticipate non-performance by any of these
counterparties, given their creditworthiness. When appropriate, the
Company arranges master netting agreements.
11. Segment and Geographical Area Information
- ----------------------------------------------
Sales and transfers among geographic areas are made on a basis
intended to reflect the market value of products.
The aggregate foreign currency gain included in determining net income
was $5.3, $.8, and $4.9 for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994,
and 1993, respectively.
Sales of more than 10% of total revenue to a single customer were nil
in 1995 and were $58.2 and $40.7 of bauxite and alumina and $147.7 and
$145.7 of aluminum processing for the years ended December 31, 1994,
and 1993, respectively.
Export sales were less than 10% of total revenue during the years
ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993, respectively.
Geographical area information relative to operations is summarized as
follows:
Year Ended Other
December 31, Domestic Caribbean Africa Foreign Eliminations Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales to unaffiliated customers 1995 $1,589.5 $191.7 $239.4 $ 217.2 $ 2,237.8
1994 1,263.2 169.9 180.0 168.4 1,781.5
1993 1,177.8 155.4 207.5 178.4 1,719.1
Sales and transfers among 1995 $ 79.6 $ 191.5 $(271.1)
geographic areas 1994 98.7 139.4 (238.1)
1993 88.2 79.6 (167.8)
Equity in income (losses) of 1995 $ (.2) $ 19.4 $ 19.2
unconsolidated affiliates 1994 .2 (2.1) (1.9)
1993 (3.3) (3.3)
Operating income (loss) 1995 $ 32.5 $ 9.8 $ 83.5 $ 85.3 $ 211.1
1994 (128.5) 9.9 18.3 44.4 (55.9)
1993 (145.6) (11.8) 21.9 12.4 (123.1)
Investment in and advances to 1995 $ 1.2 $ 27.1 $ 149.9 $ 178.2
unconsolidated affiliates 1994 1.2 28.8 139.7 169.7
Identifiable assets 1995 $2,019.0 $381.9 $196.5 $ 216.9 $ 2,814.3
1994 1,929.3 364.8 200.0 199.5 2,693.6
50
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Financial information by industry segment at December 31, 1995 and 1994,
and for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993, is as follows:
Year Ended Bauxite & Aluminum
December 31, Alumina Processing Corporate Total
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales to unaffiliated customers 1995 $514.2 $1,723.6 $2,237.8
1994 432.5 1,349.0 1,781.5
1993 423.4 1,295.7 1,719.1
Intersegment sales 1995 $159.7 $ 159.7
1994 146.8 146.8
1993 129.4 129.4
Equity in income (losses) of 1995 $ 3.6 $ 15.8 $ (.2) $ 19.2
unconsolidated affiliates 1994 (4.7) 2.6 .2 (1.9)
1993 (2.5) (.8) (3.3)
Operating income (loss) 1995 $ 54.0 $ 238.9 $(81.8) $ 211.1
1994 19.8 (8.4) (67.3) (55.9)
1993 (4.5) (46.3) (72.3) (123.1)
Effect of changes in accounting principles
on operating income (loss)
SFAS 106 1993 $ (2.0) $ (16.1) $ (1.1) $ (19.2)
SFAS 109 1993 (7.7) (7.8) .3 (15.2)
Depreciation 1995 $ 31.1 $ 60.4 $ 2.8 $ 94.3
1994 33.5 59.1 2.8 95.4
1993 35.3 59.9 1.9 97.1
Capital expenditures 1995 $ 27.3 $ 44.0 $ 8.1 $ 79.4
1994 28.9 39.9 1.2 70.0
1993 35.3 31.2 1.2 67.7
Investment in and advances to 1995 $129.9 $ 47.1 $ 1.2 $ 178.2
unconsolidated affiliates 1994 136.6 31.9 1.2 169.7
Identifiable assets 1995 $746.0 $1,341.2 $727.1 $2,814.3
1994 749.6 1,242.3 701.7 2,693.6
12. Subsidiary Guarantors
- --------------------------
Kaiser Alumina Australia Corporation ("KAAC"), Kaiser Finance
Corporation ("KFC"), Kaiser Jamaica Corporation ("KJC"), and Alpart
Jamaica Inc. ("AJI") (collectively referred to as the "Subsidiary
Guarantors") are domestic wholly owned (directly or indirectly)
subsidiaries of the Company that have provided subordinated guarantees
of the Senior Notes and the 12-3/4% Notes (see Note 4).
51
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
KAAC, KJC, and AJI are wholly owned subsidiaries, which serve as
holding companies for the Company's investments in QAL and Alpart. KFC
is a wholly owned subsidiary of KAAC, whose principal business is
making loans to the Company and its subsidiaries. Summary of combined
financial information for the Subsidiary Guarantors as of December 31,
1995 and 1994, is as follows:
Summary of Combined Financial Position
December 31,
-------------------
1995 1994
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Current assets $ 108.0 $ 84.2
Due from the Company 705.4 683.4
Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates 102.8 107.8
Property, plant, and equipment - net 262.4 258.0
Other assets 23.4 28.0
-------- --------
Total $1,202.0 $1,161.4
======== ========
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities $ 180.9 $ 163.2
Due to the Company 272.5 281.8
Other long-term liabilities 51.8 49.6
Long-term debt - net of current maturity 66.3 72.5
Minority interest 73.6 70.1
Stockholders' equity 556.9 524.2
-------- --------
Total $1,202.0 $1,161.4
======== ========
Summary of Combined Operations
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------
1995 1994 1993
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales $401.4 $354.7 $326.3
Costs and expenses 366.7 321.4 348.0
------ ------ ------
Operating income (loss) 34.7 33.3 (21.7)
Other income (expense):
Interest and other income (expense) 37.2 (28.0) 26.0
Interest expense (29.9) (22.3) (20.4)
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interests, and cumulative
effect of change in accounting principle 42.0 (17.0) (16.1)
(Provision) credit for income taxes (14.8) (6.9) 3.8
Minority interest 5.5 6.7 7.6
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle 32.7 (17.2) (4.7)
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle (11.3)
------ ------ ------
Net income (loss) $ 32.7 $(17.2) $(16.0)
====== ====== ======
52
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(In millions of dollars, except share amounts)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes to Summary of Combined Financial Information for the Subsidiary
Guarantors
Income Taxes - The Subsidiary Guarantors were included in the
consolidated federal income tax returns of MAXXAM through June 30,
1993. Effective July 1, 1993, the Subsidiary Guarantors became members
of the consolidated federal income tax return group of which Kaiser is
the common parent corporation. The taxable income (loss) of the
Subsidiary Guarantors for periods beginning on or after July 1, 1993,
is included in the consolidated federal income tax returns of Kaiser.
The (provision) credit for income taxes is computed as if each
Subsidiary Guarantor filed returns on a separate company basis.
Effective January 1, 1993, the Subsidiary Guarantors adopted SFAS 109,
which required the restatement of certain assets and liabilities to
their pre-tax amounts from their net-of-tax amounts originally
recorded in connection with the acquisition by MAXXAM in October 1988.
The cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle, as of
January 1, 1993, reduced the Subsidiary Guarantors' results of
operations by $11.3. Included in Other assets and Other long-term
liabilities at December 31, 1995, are $20.9 and $51.8 of deferred
income tax assets and liabilities, respectively.
Receivables and Payables - At December 31, 1995, receivables from and
payables to the Company include $690.6 and $260.9 of interest bearing
loans, respectively. The similar amounts at December 31, 1994 were
$663.8 and $272.9.
Inventory Valuation - Inventories are stated at first-in, first-out
(FIFO) cost, not in excess of market.
Investments - At December 31, 1995 KAAC held a 28.3% interest in QAL.
This investment is accounted for by the equity method. The equity in
QAL's loss before income taxes of $3.6 and $4.7 in 1995 and 1994,
respectively, is included in the Company's cost of products sold.
Foreign Currency - The functional currency of the Subsidiary
Guarantors is the United States dollar, and accordingly, translation
gains (losses) included in net income (loss) were $14.1, $(42.4), and
$5.6 for the years ended December 31, 1995, 1994, and 1993,
respectively.
53
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL DATA
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------
(In millions of dollars) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 21.7 $ 12.0 $ 14.2 $ 18.5 $ 15.5
Receivables 310.2 200.5 236.0 271.1 219.0
Inventories 525.7 468.0 426.9 439.9 498.6
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 76.6 158.0 60.7 37.0 84.0
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total current assets 934.2 838.5 737.8 766.5 817.1
Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates 178.2 169.7 183.2 150.1 161.9
Property, plant, and equipment - net 1,109.6 1,133.2 1,163.7 1,066.8 1,014.5
Deferred income taxes 268.8 271.0 210.3
Other assets 323.5 281.2 233.2 190.4 145.2
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total $ 2,814.3 $ 2,693.6 $ 2,528.2 $ 2,173.8 $ 2,138.7
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accruals $ 448.0 $ 434.1 $ 339.6 $ 351.3 $ 461.3
Accrued postretirement benefit obligation - current portion 46.8 47.0 47.6
Payable to affiliates 95.3 85.2 62.4 78.5 87.1
Long-term debt - current portion 8.9 11.5 8.7 25.9 26.3
Notes payable to parent - current portion 10.7 21.2 12.6
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total current liabilities 609.7 599.0 470.9 455.7 574.7
Long-term liabilities 548.5 495.5 501.7 281.7 212.9
Accrued postretirement benefit obligation 734.0 734.9 713.1
Long-term debt 749.2 751.1 720.2 765.1 681.5
Notes payable to parent 8.6 23.5 18.9
Minority interests 91.4 85.4 69.7 70.1 71.9
Redeemable preferred stock 29.6 29.0 33.6 32.8 34.8
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Preference stock 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.2
Common stock 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4
Additional capital 1,730.7 1,626.3 1,471.2 1,255.6 1,118.4
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) (210.9) (271.5) (165.2) 487.9 476.2
Additional minimum pension liability (13.8) (9.1) (21.6) (6.7)
Less: Note receivable from parent (1,479.8) (1,387.7) (1,301.5) (1,185.8) (1,049.3)
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity (deficit) 43.3 (24.8) .1 568.4 562.9
--------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Total $ 2,814.3 $ 2,693.6 $ 2,528.2 $ 2,173.8 $ 2,138.7
========= ========= ========= ========= =========
54
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL DATA
STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED INCOME (LOSS)
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------------------
(In millions of dollars) 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net sales $2,237.8 $1,781.5 $1,719.1 $1,909.1 $2,000.8
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Costs and expenses:
Cost of products sold 1,798.4 1,625.5 1,587.7 1,619.3 1,594.2
Depreciation 94.3 95.4 97.1 80.3 73.2
Selling, administrative, research and development,
and general 134.0 116.5 121.6 119.3 117.6
Restructuring of operations 35.8
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Total costs and expenses 2,026.7 1,837.4 1,842.2 1,818.9 1,785.0
Operating income (loss) 211.1 (55.9) (123.1) 90.2 215.8
Other income (expense):
Interest expense (93.9) (88.6) (84.2) (78.7) (82.7)
Other - net (14.1) (7.3) (1.5) 16.9 16.4
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Income (loss) before income taxes, minority interests,
extraordinary loss, and cumulative effect of changes in
accounting principles 103.1 (151.8) (208.8) 28.4 149.5
(Provision) credit for income taxes (37.4) 54.0 86.9 (5.3) (32.4)
Minority interests (.4) 1.6 4.3 6.5 7.6
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Income (loss) before extraordinary loss and cumulative
effect of changes in accounting principles 65.3 (96.2) (117.6) 29.6 124.7
Extraordinary loss on early extinguishment of debt, net of
tax benefit of $2.9 and $11.2 for 1994 and 1993, respectively (5.4) (21.8)
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles,
net of tax benefit of $237.7 (507.9)
-------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Net income (loss) $ 65.3 $ (101.6) $ (647.3) $ 29.6 $ 124.7
======== ======== ======== ======== =======
55
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
Quarter Ended
--------------------------------------------
(In millions of dollars) March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1995
Net sales $513.0 $583.4 $550.3 $591.1
Operating income 32.7 63.7 53.4 61.3
Net income 4.8 24.5 13.8 22.2
1994
Net sales $415.1 $459.5 $461.1 $445.8
Operating loss 25.6 14.1 6.8 9.4
Net loss 33.5 22.1 19.5 26.5(1)
(1) Includes pre-tax charges of approximately $10.3, principally
related to establishing additional litigation and environmental
reserves in the fourth quarter of 1994.
56
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
PART III
Information required under PART III (Items 10, 11, 12, and 13) has
been omitted from this Report since the Company intends to file with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, not later than 120 days after
the close of its fiscal year, a definitive proxy statement pursuant to
Regulation 14A which involves the election of directors.
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM
8-K
(a) Index to Financial Statements and Schedules
1. Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page
-------------------- ----
Report of Independent Public Accountants . . . . . . . 27
Consolidated Balance Sheets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Statements of Consolidated Income (Loss) . . . . . . . . 29
Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows. . . . . . . . . . 30
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . 31
Five-Year Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Quarterly Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
2. Financial Statement Schedules
Financial statement schedules are inapplicable or the
required information is included in the Consolidated
Financial Statements or the Notes thereto.
3. Exhibits
--------
Reference is made to the Index of Exhibits immediately
preceding the exhibits hereto (beginning on page 59), which
index is incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
No Report on Form 8-K was filed by the Company during the last
quarter of the period covered by this Report.
(c) Exhibits
Reference is made to the Index of Exhibits immediately preceding
the exhibits hereto (beginning on page 59), which index is
incorporated herein by reference.
57
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized.
KAISER ALUMINUM & CHEMICAL CORPORATION
Date: March 27, 1996 George T. Haymaker, Jr.
---------------------------------------
George T. Haymaker, Jr.
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf
of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Date: March 27, 1996 George T. Haymaker, Jr.
---------------------------------------
George T. Haymaker, Jr.
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: March 27, 1996 John T. La Duc
---------------------------------------
John T. La Duc
Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Date: March 27, 1996 Arthur S. Donaldson
---------------------------------------
Arthur S. Donaldson
Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: March 27, 1996 Robert J. Cruikshank
---------------------------------------
Robert J. Cruikshank
Director
Date: March 27, 1996 Charles E. Hurwitz
---------------------------------------
Charles E. Hurwitz
Director
Date: March 27, 1996 Ezra G. Levin
---------------------------------------
Ezra G. Levin
Director
Date: March 27, 1996 Robert Marcus
---------------------------------------
Robert Marcus
Director
Date: March 27, 1996 Robert J. Petris
---------------------------------------
Robert J. Petris
Director
58
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------- -----------
3.1 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Kaiser Aluminum &
Chemical Corporation (the "Company" or "KACC"), dated July
25, 1989 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the
Registration Statement on Form S-1, dated August 25, 1989,
filed by KACC, Registration No. 33-30645).
3.2 Certificate of Retirement of KACC, dated February 7, 1990
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Report on
Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 1989, filed by
KACC, File No. 1-3605).
3.3 By-laws of KACC, amended and restated as of December 15, 1994
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Report on
Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 1994, filed by
KACC, File No. 1-3605).
4.1 Indenture, dated as of February 1, 1993, among KACC, as
Issuer, Kaiser Alumina Australia Corporation, Alpart Jamaica
Inc., and Kaiser Jamaica Corporation, as Subsidiary
Guarantors, and The First National Bank of Boston, as
Trustee, regarding KACC's 12 % Senior Subordinated Notes Due
2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Report
on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 1992, filed by
KACC, File No. 1-3605).
4.2 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 1, 1993, to the
Indenture, dated as of February 1, 1993 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1993, filed by KACC, File No.
1-3605).
*4.3 Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 1, 1996,
to the Indenture, dated as of February 1, 1993.
4.4 Indenture, dated as of February 17, 1994, among KACC, as
Issuer, Kaiser Alumina Australia Corporation, Alpart Jamaica
Inc., Kaiser Jamaica Corporation, and Kaiser Finance
Corporation, as Subsidiary Guarantors, and First Trust
National Association, as Trustee, regarding KACC's 9 7/8%
Senior Notes Due 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.3 to the Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December
31, 1993, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
*4.5 First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 1, 1996,
to the Indenture, dated as of February 17, 1994.
4.6 Credit Agreement, dated as of February 17, 1994, among
Kaiser, KACC, the financial institutions a party thereto, and
BankAmerica Business Credit, Inc., as Agent (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Report on Form 10-K for the
period ended December 31, 1993, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-
9447).
4.7 First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of July 21,
1994, amending the Credit Agreement, dated as of February 17,
1994, among Kaiser, KACC, the financial institutions party
thereto, and BankAmerica Business Credit, Inc., as Agent
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 1994, filed
by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
4.8 Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of March 10,
1995, amending the Credit Agreement, dated as of February 17,
1994, as amended, among Kaiser, KACC, the financial
institutions party thereto, and BankAmerica Business Credit,
Inc., as Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.6 to
the Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31,
1994, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
59
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------- -----------
4.9 Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of July 20,
1995, amending the Credit Agreement, dated as of February 17,
1994, as amended, among Kaiser, KACC, the financial
institutions a party thereto, and BankAmerica Business
Credit, Inc., as Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to the Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
June 30, 1995, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
4.10 Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of October 17,
1995, amending the Credit Agreement, dated as of February 17,
1994, as amended, among Kaiser, KACC, the financial
institutions a party thereto, and BankAmerica Business
Credit, Inc., as Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to the Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
September 30, 1995, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
*4.11 Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of December 11,
1995, amending the Credit Agreement, dated as of February 17,
1994, as amended, among Kaiser, KACC, the financial
institutions a party thereto, and BankAmerica Business
Credit, Inc., as Agent.
4.12 Certificate of Designations of Series A Mandatory Conversion
Premium Dividend Preferred Stock of Kaiser, dated June 28,
1993 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 1993,
filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
4.13 Deposit Agreement between Kaiser and The First National
Bank of Boston, dated as of June 30, 1993 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1993, filed by Kaiser, File No.
1-9447).
4.14 Intercompany Note between Kaiser and KACC (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Amendment No. 5 to the Registration
Statement on Form S-1, dated December 13, 1989, filed by KACC,
Registration No. 33-30645).
4.15 Senior Subordinated Intercompany Note between KACC and a
subsidiary of MAXXAM, dated December 15, 1992 (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.10 to the Report on Form 10-K for
the period ended December 31, 1994, filed by Kaiser, File No.
1-9447).
4.16 Certificate of Designations of 8.255% PRIDES, Convertible
Preferred Stock of Kaiser, dated February 17, 1994
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.21 to the Report on
Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 1993, filed by
Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
4.17 Senior Subordinated Intercompany Note between Kaiser and KACC
dated February 15, 1994 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.22 to the Report on Form 10-K for the period ended
December 31, 1993, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
4.18 Senior Subordinated Intercompany Note between Kaiser and KACC
dated March 17, 1994 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.23 to the Report on Form 10-K for the period ended
December 31, 1993, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
4.19 Senior Subordinated Intercompany Note between Kaiser and KACC
dated June 30, 1993 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
4.24 to the Report on Form 10-K for the period ended
December 31, 1993, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
60
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------- -----------
KACC has not filed certain long-term debt instruments not
being registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission
where the total amount of indebtedness authorized under any
such instrument does not exceed 10% of the total assets of
KACC and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. KACC
agrees and undertakes to furnish a copy of any such
instrument to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its
request.
10.1 Form of indemnification agreement with officers and directors
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(b) to the
Registration Statement of Kaiser on Form S-4, File No.
33-12836).
10.2 Tax Allocation Agreement between MAXXAM and KACC
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to Amendment No. 6
to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, dated December 14,
1989, filed by KACC, Registration No. 33-30645).
10.3 Tax Allocation Agreement between Kaiser and MAXXAM
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to Amendment No.
2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, dated June 11,
1991, filed by Kaiser, Registration No. 33-37895).
10.4 Tax Allocation Agreement, dated as of June 30, 1993, between
KACC and Kaiser (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to
the Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June
30, 1993, filed by KACC, File No. 1-3605).
10.5 Assumption Agreement, dated as of October 28, 1988
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit HHH to the Final
Amendment to the Schedule 13D of MAXXAM Group Inc. and others
in respect of the Common Stock of KAC, par value $.33-1/3 per
share).
10.6 Agreement, dated as of June 30, 1993, between Kaiser and
MAXXAM (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30,
1993, filed by KACC, File No. 1-3605).
Executive Compensation Plans and Arrangements
[Exhibits 10.7 - 10.20, inclusive]
10.7 KACC's Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25
to Amendment No. 6 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1,
dated December 14, 1989, filed by KACC, Registration No.
33-30645).
10.8 Kaiser 1993 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1993, filed by KACC, File No.
1-3605).
10.9 Kaiser 1995 Employee Incentive Compensation Program
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 1995,
filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
10.10 Kaiser 1995 Executive Incentive Compensation Program
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99 to the Proxy
Statement, dated April 26, 1995, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-
9447).
10.11 Employment Agreement, dated April 1, 1993, among Kaiser,
KACC, and George T. Haymaker, Jr. (incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 10.2 to the Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly
period ended March 31, 1993, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-
9447).
61
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------- -----------
10.12 Promissory Note, dated October 4, 1990, by Robert W. Irelan
and Barbara M. Irelan to KACC (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.54 to Form 10-K for the period ended December 31,
1990, filed by MAXXAM, File No. 1-3924).
10.13 Promissory Note, dated February 1, 1989, by Anthony R. Pierno
and Beverly J. Pierno to MAXXAM (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.30 to Form 10-K for the period ended December 31,
1988, filed by MAXXAM, File No. 1-3924).
10.14 Promissory Note, dated July 19, 1990, by Anthony R. Pierno to
MAXXAM (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to Form
10-K for the period ended December 31, 1990, filed by MAXXAM,
File No. 1-3924).
10.15 Promissory Note, dated July 20, 1993, between MAXXAM and
Byron L. Wade (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.59 to
Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 1993, filed by
MAXXAM, File No. 1-3924).
10.16 Employment Agreement, dated August 20, 1993, between KACC and
Robert E. Cole (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.63 to
Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 1993, filed by
MAXXAM, File No. 1-3924).
10.17 Compensation Agreement, dated July 18, 1994, between KACC and
Larry L. Watts (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
the Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June
30, 1994, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
10.18 Compensation Agreement, dated July 18, 1994, between KACC and
Geoff S. Smith (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to
the Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June
30, 1994, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
10.19 Letter Agreement, dated January 1995, between Kaiser and
Charles E. Hurwitz, granting Mr. Hurwitz stock options under
the Kaiser 1993 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Report on Form 10-K for the
period ended December 31, 1994, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-
9447).
10.20 Form of letter agreement with persons granted stock options
under the Kaiser 1993 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan to acquire
shares of KAC common stock (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.18 to the Report on Form 10-K for the period ended
December 31, 1994, filed by Kaiser, File No. 1-9447).
*21 Significant Subsidiaries of KACC.
*27 Financial Data Schedule.
- ----------
* Filed herewith
62
Exhibit 21
SUBSIDIARIES
Listed below are the principal subsidiaries of Kaiser Aluminum &
Chemical Corporation, the jurisdiction of their incorporation or
organization and the names under which such subsidiaries do business.
Certain subsidiaries are omitted which, considered in the aggregate as
a single subsidiary, would not constitute a significant subsidiary.
Place of
Incorporation
Name or Organization
---- ---------------
Alpart Jamaica Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Delaware
Alumina Partners of Jamaica (partnership) . . . Delaware
Anglesey Aluminium Limited. . . . . . . . . . . United Kingdom
Kaiser Alumina Australia Corporation. . . . . . Delaware
Kaiser Aluminium International, Inc.. . . . . . Delaware
Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical of Canada Limited. . Ontario
Kaiser Bauxite Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . Nevada
Kaiser Finance Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . Delaware
Kaiser Jamaica Bauxite Company (partnership). . Jamaica
Kaiser Jamaica Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . Delaware
Queensland Alumina Limited. . . . . . . . . . . Queensland
Volta Aluminium Company Limited . . . . . . . . Ghana
63
Domestic California Pennsylvania
Operations ---------- ------------
(Partial List) Los Angeles (City of Commerce) Erie
Extruded Products Forgings Plant and Offices
Los Angeles (Santa Fe Springs) South Carolina
Extruded Products Fabricating --------------
Oxnard Greenwood
Forgings Forgings
Pleasanton Greenwood
R&D at the Center for Technology; Machine Shop
Administrative Offices Tennessee
Florida ---------
------- Jackson
Mulberry Extruded Products
Sodium Silicofluoride, Potassium Silicofluoride Texas
Louisiana -----
--------- Dallas
Baton Rouge Extruded Products Offices
Alumina, Kaiser Alumina Technical Services, Houston
International Business Development, and Kaiser Aluminum Corporation Headquarters
Environmental Offices Sherman
Gramercy Extruded Products
Alumina Washington
Michigan ----------
-------- Mead
Detroit (Southfield) Primary Aluminum;
Automotive Product Development and Sales Division Technology Center
Ohio Richland
---- Extruded Products
Canton Tacoma
Castings Primary Aluminum
Newark Trentwood
Extruded Products Flat-Rolled Products Plant and Offices
Newark
Extruded Products
Oklahoma
--------
Tulsa
Aluminum and Magnesium Extruded Products; Anodes
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Worldwide Australia Japan
Operations --------- -----
(Partial List) Queensland Alumina Limited (28.3% owned) Furukawa Kaiser Forged Products Company
Alumina (47.5%)
Canada Sales Office
------ The Netherlands
Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical of Canada Limited ---------------
(100%) Kaiser Aluminum Mill Products Inc. (100%)
Extruded Products Sales Office
Ghana Russia
----- ------
Volta Aluminium Company Limited (90%) Kaiser Aluminium Russia, Inc. (100%)
Primary Aluminum International Business Development
Jamaica Wales, United Kingdom
------- ----------------------
Alumina Partners of Jamaica (65%) Anglesey Aluminium Limited (49%)
Bauxite; Alumina Primary Aluminum
Kaiser Jamaica Bauxite Company (49%)
Bauxite
64