Washington, D.C. 20549
_________________
|X| QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
INCO LIMITED
(Name
of Registrant as specified in its charter)
| Canada (Jurisdiction of Incorporation) |
98-0000676 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
145 King Street
West, Suite 1500, Toronto, Ontario M5H 4B7*
(Address of principal
executive offices, including zip code)
(416) 361-7511
(Telephone number)
The Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Act) during the preceding twelve months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
The Registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Act).
Unless otherwise stated, dollar amounts in this Report are expressed in United States currency.
Common Shares outstanding at March 31, 2003: 183,496,950 shares, no par value.
*Notices and communications from the Securities and Exchange Commission may be sent to S.F. Feiner, Executive Vice-President, General Counsel and Secretary, 145 King Street West, Suite 1500, Toronto, Ontario M5H 4B7. His telephone number is (416) 361-7680.
Item 1. Financial Statements
| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 | ||
| (in millions of United States dollars except per share amounts) | ||||
| Net sales | $ 593 | $ 506 | ||
| Costs and operating expenses | ||||
| Cost of sales and operating expenses | 419 | 343 | ||
| Depreciation and depletion | 63 | 64 | ||
| Selling, general and administrative | 24 | 32 | ||
| Research and development | 5 | 3 | ||
| Exploration | 6 | 4 | ||
| Currency translation adjustments | 78 | 1 | ||
| Asset impairment charge | -- | 17 | ||
| Total costs and operating expenses | 595 | 464 | ||
| Operating earnings (loss) | (2) | 42 | ||
| Interest expense | 14 | 10 | ||
| Other income, net | (28) | (3) | ||
| Earnings before income and mining taxes and minority interest | 12 | 35 | ||
| Income and mining taxes (Note 3) | (26) | 23 | ||
| Earnings before minority interest | 38 | 12 | ||
| Minority interest | 8 | 1 | ||
| Net earnings | 30 | 11 | ||
| Dividends on preferred shares | (6) | (6) | ||
| Accretion of convertible debt (Note 6) | (2) | (1) | ||
| Premium on redemption of preferred shares | (15) | -- | ||
| Net earnings applicable to common shares | $ 7 | $ 4 | ||
| Net earnings per common share (Note 4) | ||||
| Basic | $ 0.04 | $ 0.02 | ||
| Diluted | $ 0.04 | $ 0.02 | ||
| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 | ||
| (in millions of United States dollars) | (Restated) | |||
| Retained earnings (deficit) at beginning of period, as previously reported | $ (317) | $ 1,194 | ||
| Change in accounting policy (Note 2) | (18) | (17) | ||
| Retained earnings (deficit) at beginning of year, as restated | (335) | 1,177 | ||
| Net earnings | 30 | 11 | ||
| Preferred dividends | (6) | (6) | ||
| Accretion of convertible debt (Note 6) | (2) | (1) | ||
| Premium on redemption of preferred shares | (15) | -- | ||
| Retained earnings (deficit) at end of period | $ (328) | $ 1,181 | ||
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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| March 31, | December 31, | ||
| (in millions of United States dollars) | 2003 | 2002 | |
| ASSETS | (Restated) | ||
| Current assets | |||
| Cash and marketable securities (Note 11) | $ 1,246 | $ 1,087 | |
| Accounts receivable | 321 | 251 | |
| Inventories (Note 11) | 595 | 576 | |
| Other | 84 | 73 | |
| Total current assets | 2,246 | 1,987 | |
| Property, plant and equipment (Note 11) | 6,567 | 6,382 | |
| Deferred charges and other assets | 225 | 208 | |
| Total assets | $ 9,038 | $ 8,577 | |
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||
| Current liabilities | |||
| Long-term debt due within one year (Note 5) | $ 282 | $ 97 | |
| Accounts payable | 282 | 338 | |
| Accrued payrolls and benefits | 116 | 118 | |
| Other accrued liabilities (Note 7) | 659 | 210 | |
| Income and mining taxes payable | 46 | 167 | |
| Total current liabilities | 1,385 | 930 | |
| Deferred credits and other liabilities | |||
| Long-term debt (Note 5) | 1,432 | 1,546 | |
| Deferred income and mining taxes | 1,514 | 1,352 | |
| Post-retirement benefits | 519 | 475 | |
| Asset retirement obligation | 128 | 119 | |
| Minority interest | 375 | 368 | |
| Total liabilities | 5,353 | 4,790 | |
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) | |||
| Shareholders' equity | |||
| Convertible debt (Note 6) | 596 | 238 | |
| Preferred shares (Note 7) | -- | 472 | |
| Common shareholders' equity | |||
| Common shares issued and outstanding 183,496,950 | 2,775 | 2,771 | |
| (2002 - 183,238,351 shares) (Note 4) | |||
| Warrants (Note 8) | 62 | 62 | |
| Contributed surplus | 560 | 559 | |
| Contingently issuable equity | 20 | -- | |
| Deficit | (328) | (335) | |
| 3,089 | 3,057 | ||
| Contingently issuable equity | -- | 20 | |
| Total shareholders' equity | 3,685 | 3,787 | |
| Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ 9,038 | $ 8,577 | |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 | |
| (in millions of United States dollars) | |||
| Operating activities | |||
| Earnings before minority interest | $ 38 | $ 12 | |
| Charges (credits) not affecting cash | |||
| Depreciation and depletion | 63 | 64 | |
| Deferred income and mining taxes | 17 | (3) | |
| Asset impairment charge | -- | 17 | |
| Other | 32 | 4 | |
| Decrease (increase) in non-cash working capital related to operations | |||
| Accounts receivable | (70) | (51) | |
| Inventories | (20) | -- | |
| Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (41) | 8 | |
| Income and mining taxes payable | (121) | 7 | |
| Other | 4 | (13) | |
| Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities | (98) | 45 | |
| Investing activities | |||
| Capital expenditures | (163) | (72) | |
| Other | (1) | 4 | |
| Net cash used for investing activities | (164) | (68) | |
| Financing activities | |||
| Repayments of long-term debt | (46) | (37) | |
| Convertible debt issued (Notes 5 and 6) | 470 | -- | |
| Common shares issued | 4 | 3 | |
| Preferred dividends paid | (6) | (6) | |
| Dividends paid to minority interest | (1) | (1) | |
| Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities | 421 | (41) | |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and marketable securities | 159 | (64) | |
| Cash and marketable securities at beginning of period | 1,087 | 306 | |
| Cash and marketable securities at end of period | $ 1,246 | $ 242 | |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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(Tabular amounts in millions of United States dollars except number of shares and per share amounts)
The unaudited consolidated financial statements presented herein have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in Canada (see Note 13 for significant differences between Canadian and United States GAAP) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these interim consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by Canadian GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of results for the periods reported have been included. These adjustments consist only of normal recurring adjustments. Results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2003 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2003 or any other interim period. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2002.
(a) Stock-based compensation
Effective January 1, 2003, we changed our accounting for stock options from the intrinsic value method to one that recognizes as an expense the cost of stock-based compensation based on the estimated fair value of new stock options granted to employees in 2003 and in future years. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. As a result of this change in accounting, which was applied prospectively, an expense of $1 million, or one cent per Common Share, was recorded in the first quarter of 2003 to reflect the fair value of stock options granted to employees in the first quarter of 2003.
(b) Asset retirement obligations
Effective January 1, 2003, we adopted a new accounting standard of the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants (CICA) relating to asset retirement obligations. This standard significantly changed the method of accounting for future removal and site restoration costs. Under this new standard, asset retirement obligations are recognized when incurred and recorded as liabilities at fair value. The liability is accreted over time through periodic charges to earnings. In addition, the asset retirement cost is capitalized as part of the assets carrying value and depreciated over the assets useful life. This change in accounting policy was applied retroactively and, accordingly, the consolidated financial statements of prior periods were restated. As a result of this change, certain balance sheet accounts as at December 31, 2002 were restated as follows: the deficit increased by $18 million; property, plant and equipment increased by $37 million; deferred income and mining taxes decreased by $12 million; and the asset retirement obligation increased by $67 million.
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(c) Foreign currency translation
Effective January 1, 2002, we adopted a new standard of the CICA in respect of foreign currency translation that eliminated the deferral and amortization of currency translation adjustments related to long-term monetary items with a fixed and ascertainable life. There was no significant impact on our results of operations or financial condition as a result of the adoption of this standard.
The reconciliation between the combined federal-provincial statutory income tax rate in Canada and the effective income and mining tax rate was as follows:
| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 |
| Provision (relief) | ||
| Combined Canadian federal-provincial statutory income tax rate | 41.0% | 39.9% |
| Resource and depletion allowances | (22.7) | (25.1) |
| Adjusted income tax rate | 18.3 | 14.8 |
| Mining taxes | 15.0 | 19.5 |
| 33.3 | 34.3 | |
| Currency translation adjustments | 253.2 | 20.7 |
| Foreign tax rate differences | (55.3) | (2.9) |
| Income tax cost benefit(1) | (348.3) | -- |
| Capital gains not subject to tax | (104.4) | -- |
| Other | 4.8 | 13.6 |
| Effective income and mining tax rate | (216.7)% | 65.7% |
(1) The effective income tax rate for the first quarter of 2003 reflected the effect of an income benefit of $38 million that we realized during that quarter related to favourable rulings and other decisions on tax matters from Canadian and other jurisdctions regarding the tax treatment of certain prior period transactions and other matters.
Basic earnings per Common Share is computed by dividing net earnings applicable to Common Shares by the weighted-average number of Common Shares issued and outstanding for the relevant period. Diluted earnings per Common Share is computed by dividing net earnings applicable to Common Shares, as adjusted for the effects of dilutive convertible securities, by the sum of the weighted-average number of Common Shares issued and outstanding and all additional Common Shares that would have been outstanding if potentially dilutive Common Shares had been issued.
We are authorized to issue an unlimited number of Common Shares without nominal or par value. Changes in Common Shares were as follows:
| Number | |||
| of shares | Amount | ||
| December 31, 2002 | 183,238,351 | $2,771 | |
| Options exercised | 223,350 | 4 | |
| Shares issued under incentive plans | 35,249 | -- | |
| March 31, 2003 | 183,496,950 | $2,775 | |
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The computation of basic and diluted earnings per share was as follows:
| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 | |
| Basic earnings per share computation | |||
| Numerator: | |||
| Net earnings | $ 30 | $ 11 | |
| Dividends on preferred shares | (6) | (6) | |
| Premium on redemption of preferred shares | (15) | -- | |
| Accretion of convertible debt | (2) | (1) | |
| Net earnings applicable to common shares | $ 7 | $ 4 | |
| Denominator: | |||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding (thousands) | 183,436 | 182,279 | |
| Basic earnings per common share | $ 0.04 | $ 0.02 | |
| Diluted earnings per share computation | |||
| Numerator: | |||
| Net earnings applicable to common shares, assuming dilution | $ 7 | $ 4 | |
| Denominator: | |||
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding (thousands) | 183,436 | 182,279 | |
| Dilutive effect of stock options and warrants | 2,090 | 1,148 | |
| Weighted-average common shares outstanding, assuming dilution (thousands) | 185,526 | 183,427 | |
| Diluted earnings per common share | $ 0.04 | $ 0.02 | |
In March 2003, we issued and sold in concurrent private offerings (i) $273 million amount payable at maturity of Convertible Debentures due March 14, 2023 (Convertible Debentures), representing $249 million in gross proceeds to us, and (ii) $227 million aggregate principal amount of Subordinated Convertible Debentures due March 14, 2052 (Subordinated Convertible Debentures). The total combined gross proceeds were approximately $465 million from these two issues of convertible debt securities and the net cash proceeds were $470 million after deduction of commissions and other after-tax expenses.
The Convertible Debentures and the Subordinated Convertible Debentures will be convertible at the option of the holders into our Common Shares at the conversion rates referred to below, subject to certain anti-dilution adjustment provisions, only in the following circumstances: (i) our Common Share price, calculated over a specified period, has exceeded 120% of the effective conversion price of the Convertible Debentures or the Subordinated Convertible Debentures, as applicable; (ii) the trading price of the Convertible Debentures or the Subordinated Convertible Debentures, as applicable, over a specified period has fallen below 95% of the amount equal to our then prevailing Common Share price times the applicable conversion rate; (iii) we were to call the Convertible Debentures or the Subordinated Debentures, as applicable, for redemption; or (iv) certain specified corporate events were to occur. Each Convertible Debenture will be convertible into 31.9354 Common Shares, representing an initial conversion price of approximately U.S. $28.61 per Common Share and each Subordinated Convertible Debenture will be convertible into 38.4423 Common Shares, representing a conversion price of approximately U.S. $26.01 per Common Share.
Holders of the Convertible Debentures will have the right to have us redeem these Debentures at their issue price plus accrued interest on March 14 in each of 2010, 2014 and 2018. We will have the right to redeem the Convertible Debentures at any time on or after March 19, 2010. We will have the right to redeem the Subordinated Convertible Debentures on or after March 19, 2008 if our Common Shares trade over a specified period above 125% of the conversion price for these subordinated convertible debt securities. Holders of the Subordinated Convertible Debentures will have no right to require us to redeem these subordinated securities. In meeting the conversion, redemption, payment at
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maturity and other related terms of these convertible debt securities, we will have the right, at our option, to satisfy these obligations in cash, our Common Shares or any combination thereof. In the event that the holders of the Convertible Debentures exercise their right to have us redeem these Debentures, it is our current intention that we would meet this obligation in cash.
In the case of the Convertible Debentures, these securities rank equally and ratably with all of our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. The Subordinated Convertible Debentures are subordinated to all of our senior indebtedness, which includes, among other obligations, all of our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness.
For Canadian reporting purposes, these convertible debt securities have been recorded as $114 million of debt and $356 million of equity. These convertible debt securities are not dilutive for purposes of calculating diluted earnings per share since holders of these securities, based upon the terms of their conversion rights as discussed above, can only convert these securities when our Common Share price has exceeded a certain threshold above the effective conversion prices and such threshold levels have not been exceeded.
On March 28, 2003, in addition to the exercise of our optional right to redeem all of our Series E Preferred Shares, as discussed in Note 7 below, we announced that we would exercise our optional right to redeem all of our outstanding $173 million aggregate principal amount of 5¾% Convertible Debentures due 2004 on May 1, 2003. The total aggregate redemption price for the $173 million aggregate principal amount of 5¾% Convertible Debentures due 2004 will be approximately $178 million, including approximately $3 million in accrued interest. We can, pursuant to their terms, redeem these Convertible Debentures at this time by paying the optional redemption price of $1,011.50 per $1,000.00 principal amount for each Convertible Debenture. At the option of the holder, the Convertible Debentures can be converted into our Common Shares up until the close of business on April 28, 2003 at a fixed conversion price of $30.00, representing an effective conversion rate of approximately 33.33 Common Shares for each Convertible Debenture.
Changes in convertible debt were as follows:
| Amount | |||
| December 31, 2002 | $238 | ||
| Convertible debt issued (Note 5) | 356 | ||
| Accretion of convertible debt | 2 | ||
| March 31, 2003 | $596 | ||
On March 28, 2003, we announced that we would exercise our optional right to redeem all of our issued and outstanding Series E Preferred Shares having a $472 million aggregate liquidation preference and which are subject to mandatory redemption in 2006, with such redemption to be effective May 1, 2003. We can, pursuant to their terms, redeem the Series E Preferred Shares at this time by paying the optional redemption price of $51.10 per share plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Series E Preferred Shares to the May 1, 2003 redemption date. Holders of the Series E Preferred Shares have the right to convert their shares into our Common Shares at a fixed conversion rate of 1.19474 Common Shares for each Series E Preferred Share held at any time prior to the May 1, 2003 redemption date. This
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conversion rate represents an effective conversion price of $41.85 per share. The total aggregate redemption price covering the Series E Preferred Shares to be paid by us in cash will be approximately $487 million, including a total redemption premium of approximately $11 million based upon the $50 issue price per Series E Preferred Share and approximately $4 million in accrued dividends.
This redemption has been accounted for in the first quarter of 2003 by reclassifying the carrying value of the Series E Preferred Shares as other accrued liabilities and accruing for the redemption premium.
Changes in the Series E Preferred Shares were as follows:
| Number | |||
| of shares | Amount | ||
| December 31, 2002 | 9,439,600 | $ 472 | |
| Shares called for mandatory redemption | (9,439,600) | (472) | |
| March 31, 2003 | -- | $ -- | |
Changes in warrants were as follows:
| Number | |||
| of warrants | Amount | ||
| December 31, 2002 | 11,023,497 | $62 | |
| Warrants issued | 360 | -- | |
| March 31, 2003 | 11,023,857 | $62 | |
(a) Commitments
The following table summarizes certain of our long-term contractual obligations and commercial commitments for each of the next five years and thereafter:
| Payments due in | ||||||
| 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | Thereafter | |
| Purchase obligations | $ 95 | $19 | $ 3 | $-- | $-- | $-- |
| Operating leases | 16 | 17 | 12 | 9 | 5 | 2 |
| Other | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 82 |
| Total | $112 | $37 | $16 | $11 | $8 | $84 |
(b) Contingencies
In the course of our operations, we are subject to environmental and other claims and legal proceedings. We do not believe that any such pending claims or proceedings will significantly impair our operations or have a material adverse effect on our financial position.
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(c) Property, plant and equipment
We review and evaluate our property, plant and equipment for impairment when events or changes in economic and other circumstances indicate that the carrying value of such assets may not be fully recoverable. The net recoverable value of an asset is calculated by estimating undiscounted future net cash flows from the asset together with the assets residual value. Future net cash flows are developed using assumptions that reflect our planned course of action for an asset given our best estimate of the most probable set of economic conditions. Evaluation of the future cash flows from major development projects such as the Voiseys Bay and Goro projects entails a number of assumptions regarding project scope, the timing, receipt and terms of regulatory approvals, estimates of future metal prices, estimates of the ultimate size of the deposits, ore grades and recoverability, commercial viability of new technological processes, timing of commercial production, production volumes, operating and capital costs, and foreign currency exchange rates. Inherent in these assumptions are significant risks and uncertainties.
We are a leading producer of nickel and an important producer of copper, precious metals and cobalt. Our operations consist of the finished products segment, which comprises the mining and processing operations in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada, and refining operations in the United Kingdom and interests in refining operations in Japan and other Asian countries, and the intermediates segment, which comprises the mining and processing operations in Indonesia, where nickel in matte, an intermediate product, is produced and sold primarily into the Japanese market. In addition, we hold mineral claims and licenses for development projects which include the Voiseys Bay nickel-copper-cobalt project under development in the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador and the Goro nickel-cobalt project in the French overseas territorial community (Collectivité territoriale) of New Caledonia.
Data by operating segments as of and for the periods indicated was as follows:
| Finished products | Intermediates | Development Projects | Eliminations | Total | ||||||
| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 | 2003 | 2002 |
| (Restated) | (Restated) | |||||||||
| Net Sales to customers | $ 578 | 492 | $ 15 | 14 | $ - | - | $ - | - | $ 593 | 506 |
| Intersegment sales | - | - | 72 | 57 | - | - | (72) | (57) | - | - |
| Net sales | $ 578 | 492 | $ 87 | 71 | $ - | - | $ (72) | (57) | $ 593 | 506 |
| Segment operating earnings (loss) | $ 72 | 66 | $ 24 | 5 | $ - | (1) | $ (8) | (6) | $ 889 | 64 |
| Currency translation adjustments | 78 | 1 | ||||||||
| Corporate selling, general and administrative expenses | 12 | 21 | ||||||||
| Operating earnings(loss) | (2) | 42 | ||||||||
| Interest expense | 14 | 10 | ||||||||
| Other income, net | (28) | (3) | ||||||||
| Earnings before income and mining taxes and minority interest | $ 12 | 35 | ||||||||
| Identifiable assets at September 30, 2002 | ||||||||||
| and December 31, 2001 | $ 2,258 | 2,137 | $ 1,192 | 1,217 | $4,220 | 4,011 | $ (23) | (15) | $ 7,647 | 7,350 |
| Other assets | 1,391 | 1,227 | ||||||||
| Total assets at March 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002 | $ 9,038 | 8,577 | ||||||||
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Supplemental information in connection with the Consolidated Balance Sheet follows:
| March 31, | December 31, | ||
| 2003 | 2002 | ||
| (Restated) | |||
| Cash | $ 52 | $ 36 | |
| Marketable securities | 1,194 | 1,051 | |
| Cash and marketable securities | $ 1,246 | $ 1,087 | |
| Finished and in-process metals | $ 525 | $ 510 | |
| Supplies | 70 | 66 | |
| Inventories | $ 595 | $ 576 | |
| Property, plant and equipment, at cost | $10,924 | $10,680 | |
| Accumulated depreciation and depletion | 4,357 | 4,298 | |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | $ 6,567 | $ 6,382 | |
Canadian GAAP establishes a fair value-based method of accounting for stock-based compensation plans, which we adopted prospectively on January 1, 2003. For the three months ended March 31, 2003, an expense of $1 million was charged to earnings with the offset credited to contributed surplus to reflect the fair value of stock options granted to employees in the first quarter of 2003. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions:
| 2003 | 2002 | |
| Stock price at grant date | $ 20.85 | $ 17.62 |
| Exercise price | $ 20.85 | $ 17.62 |
| Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period | $ 6.29 | $ 5.92 |
| Expected life of options (years) | 3 | 3 |
| Expected stock price volatility | 41.1% | 44.1% |
| Expected dividend yield | -% | -% |
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.1% | 3.6% |
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Note 13. Significant differences between Canadian and United States GAAP
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with Canadian GAAP. The most significant differences between Canadian and United States GAAP, insofar as they affect our consolidated financial statements, relate to accounting for post-retirement benefits, convertible debt, derivative instruments, investments, and reporting of comprehensive income.
The following table reconciles results as reported under Canadian GAAP with those that would have been reported under United States GAAP:
| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 |
| Net earnings - Canadian GAAP | $ 30 | $ 11 |
| Increased post-retirement benefits expense (a) | (5) | (6) |
| Increased interest expense (b) | (2) | (3) |
| Unrealized net gain on derivative instruments (c) | 5 | 3 |
| Taxes on United States GAAP differences | 1 | 2 |
| Net earnings before cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle - United States GAAP | 29 | 7 |
| Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle - asset retirement obligation (d) | (18) | -- |
| Net earnings - United States GAAP | 11 | 7 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||
| Reclassification to earnings of net gain on derivatives designated as cash flow | (10) | (5) |
| hedges (c) | ||
| Change in fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges (c) | 9 | 2 |
| Reclassification to earnings of unrealized loss (gain) on long-term investments (e) | (5) | 7 |
| Unrealized gain on long-term investments (e) | 3 | -- |
| Taxes on other comprehensive income (loss) | 2 | 1 |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | (1) | 5 |
| Comprehensive income (g) | $ 10 | $ 12 |
| Net earnings (loss) per share - Basic | ||
| Net earnings per share before cumulative effect of a | ||
| change in accounting principle - United States GAAP | $ 0.04 | $ 0.01 |
| Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle | (0.10) | -- |
| Net earnings (loss) per share - Basic | $(0.06) | $ 0.01 |
| Net earnings (loss) per share - Diluted | ||
| Net earnings per share before cumulative effect of a | ||
| change in accounting principle - United States GAAP | $ 0.04 | $ 0.01 |
| Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle | (0.10) | -- |
| Net earnings (loss) per share - Diluted | $(0.06) | $ 0.01 |
(a) Post-retirement benefits
For Canadian reporting purposes, the excess of the net actuarial gains and losses over 10 per cent of the greater of the post-retirement benefits obligation and the fair value of plan assets is amortized over the expected average remaining service life of employees. For United States reporting purposes, all actuarial gains and losses are amortized systematically over the expected average remaining service life of employees.
United States GAAP also require the recognition of a minimum additional pension liability in the amount of the excess of our unfunded accumulated benefits obligation over the recorded pension liability; an offsetting intangible pension asset is recorded equal to the unrecognized prior service costs, with any difference recorded as a component in accumulated other comprehensive income.
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(b) Convertible debt
Under Canadian GAAP, a portion of our convertible debt is classified as an equity instrument. Under United States GAAP, such convertible debt would be accounted for as debt and, accordingly, accretion charges and amortization of debt issuance costs would be recorded as interest expense.
(c) Derivative instruments
Under United States GAAP, all derivatives, whether designated in hedging relationships or not, are required to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. A derivative must be designated in a hedging relationship in order to qualify for hedge accounting. Under Canadian GAAP, we continue to recognize gains and losses on derivative contracts in income concurrently with the recognition of the transactions being hedged.
(d) Asset retirement obligation
Effective January 1, 2003, we adopted, for United States reporting purposes, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations. Under SFAS No. 143, asset retirement obligations are recognized when incurred and recorded as liabilities at fair value. The liability is accreted over time through periodic charges to earnings. In addition, the asset retirement cost is capitalized as part of the assets carrying value and depreciated over the assets useful life. The cumulative effect of adopting SFAS No. 143 was a decrease in net earnings of $18 million, or 10 cents per share, in the first quarter of 2003, an increase in property, plant and equipment of $37 million, a decrease in deferred income and mining taxes of $12 million, and an increase in asset retirement obligation of $67 million, which is shown as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.
(e) Investments
United States accounting standards for equity investments require that certain equity investments not held for trading be recorded at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses excluded from the determination of earnings and reported as a separate component of other comprehensive income.
(f) Preferred shares
For United States reporting purposes, our Series E Preferred Shares would be excluded from shareholders equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
(g) Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income represents the change in equity during a reporting period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. Components of comprehensive income include items such as net earnings (loss), changes in the fair value of investments not held for trading, minimum pension liability adjustments, derivative instruments and certain foreign currency translation gains and losses.
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Changes in retained earnings (deficit) and accumulated other comprehensive loss under United States GAAP were as follows:
| Three months ended March 31 | 2003 | 2002 | ||
| Retained earnings (deficit) at beginning of period | $ (991) | $ 1,154 | ||
| Net earnings | 11 | 7 | ||
| Preferred dividends | (6) | (6) | ||
| Premium on redemption of preferred shares | (15) | -- | ||